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id="toc-1957–1969:_Directorial_debut_and_early_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1957–1969:_Directorial_debut_and_early_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 1957–1969: Directorial debut and early work </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1957–1969:_Directorial_debut_and_early_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970–1979:_Breakthrough_and_stardom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970–1979:_Breakthrough_and_stardom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 1970–1979: Breakthrough and stardom </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970–1979:_Breakthrough_and_stardom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980–1991:_Career_fluctuations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980–1991:_Career_fluctuations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 1980–1991: Career fluctuations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980–1991:_Career_fluctuations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1992–2006:_Resurgence_and_final_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1992–2006:_Resurgence_and_final_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 1992–2006: Resurgence and final films </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1992–2006:_Resurgence_and_final_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Directing_style_and_technique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directing_style_and_technique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Directing style and technique </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Directing_style_and_technique-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Directing style and technique subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Directing_style_and_technique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Maverick_and_auteur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maverick_and_auteur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Maverick and auteur </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maverick_and_auteur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Themes_and_subjects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Themes_and_subjects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Themes and subjects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Themes_and_subjects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Improvisation_dialogue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Improvisation_dialogue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Improvisation dialogue </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Improvisation_dialogue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sound_techniques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sound_techniques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Sound techniques </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sound_techniques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ensemble_casts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ensemble_casts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Ensemble casts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ensemble_casts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Photography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Photography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Photography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Photography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_scores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_scores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Music scores </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_scores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Filmography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frequent_collaborators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frequent_collaborators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Frequent collaborators </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frequent_collaborators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Awards and honors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Personal life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Personal life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Family </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Homes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Homes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Political views </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Death and legacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Robert Altman</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 62 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" > 62 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روبرت ألتمان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبرت ألتمان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Oltmen" title="Robert Oltmen – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Robert Oltmen" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="রবার্ট অল্টম্যান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রবার্ট অল্টম্যান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Роберт Олтмен – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Роберт Олтмен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Робърт Олтмън – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Робърт Олтмън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%84_%CE%8C%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Ρόμπερτ Όλτμαν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρόμπερτ Όλτμαν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" title="رابرت آلتمن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رابرت آلتمن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%98%AC%ED%8A%B8%EB%A8%BC" title="로버트 올트먼 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로버트 올트먼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF_%D5%95%D5%AC%D5%A9%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Ռոբերտ Օլթմեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոբերտ Օլթմեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="רוברט אלטמן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוברט אלטמן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="რობერტ ოლტმენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რობერტ ოლტმენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Роберт Олтмен – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Роберт Олтмен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberts_Oltmens" title="Roberts Oltmens – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Roberts Oltmens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Роберт Алтман – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Роберт Алтман" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روبرت التمان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرت التمان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="ロバート・アルトマン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロバート・アルトマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A8" title="ਰੌਬਰਟ ਆਲਟਮੈਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੌਬਰਟ ਆਲਟਮੈਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Олтмен, Роберт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Олтмен, Роберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Роберт Алтман – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Роберт Алтман" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ராபர்ட் ஆல்ட்மன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ராபர்ட் ஆல்ட்மன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="రాబర్ట్ ఆల్ట్‌మాన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాబర్ట్ ఆల్ట్‌మాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%95_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99" title="รอเบิร์ต ออลต์แมน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รอเบิร์ต ออลต์แมน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Роберт Альтман – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Альтман" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Robert Altman" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%8B%94%C2%B7%E6%9F%AF%E6%9B%BC" title="羅拔·柯曼 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅拔·柯曼" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American filmmaker (1925–2006)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Robert Altman, see <a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Robert Altman (disambiguation)">Robert Altman (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Robert Altman</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Altman_-_1983.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Robert_Altman_-_1983.jpg/220px-Robert_Altman_-_1983.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Robert_Altman_-_1983.jpg/330px-Robert_Altman_-_1983.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Robert_Altman_-_1983.jpg/440px-Robert_Altman_-_1983.jpg 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="974" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Altman in 1983</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Robert Bernard Altman</div> (1925-02-20)February 20, 1925 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">November 20, 2006(2006-11-20) (aged 81) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Film director</li> <li>producer</li> <li>screenwriter</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1947–2006</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman_filmography" title="Robert Altman filmography">Full list</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">LaVonne Elmer</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1946⁠–⁠1951)</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Lotus Corelli</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1954⁠–⁠1957)</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Reed_Altman" title="Kathryn Reed Altman">Kathryn Reed</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1959)</div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">6, including <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Altman" title="Stephen Altman">Stephen Altman</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;">Military career</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service / branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/25px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/38px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/50px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1943–1947</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:US-O2_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/US-O2_insignia.svg/7px-US-O2_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/US-O2_insignia.svg/11px-US-O2_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/US-O2_insignia.svg/14px-US-O2_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">First lieutenant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirteenth Air Force">Thirteenth Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/307th_Operations_Group" title="307th Operations Group">307th Bombardment Group</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asiatic-Pacific_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatic-Pacific Theater">Asiatic-Pacific Theater</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:USAAF_Wings.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/USAAF_Wings.png/35px-USAAF_Wings.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/USAAF_Wings.png/53px-USAAF_Wings.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/USAAF_Wings.png/70px-USAAF_Wings.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="178" /></a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Aviator_Badge#World_War_II" title="United States Aviator Badge">Army Air Force Pilot Badge</a> <a href="/wiki/File:AF_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/AF_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ribbon.png/25px-AF_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/AF_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ribbon.png/38px-AF_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/AF_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ribbon.png/50px-AF_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="131" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Unit_Citation_(United_States)" title="Presidential Unit Citation (United States)">Air Force Presidential Unit Citation</a> <a href="/wiki/File:American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/25px-American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/38px-American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/50px-American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a> <a href="/wiki/American_Campaign_Medal" title="American Campaign Medal">American Campaign Medal</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/25px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/38px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/50px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Asiatic%E2%80%93Pacific_Campaign_Medal" title="Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal">Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal</a> <a href="/wiki/File:World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg/25px-World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg/38px-World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg/50px-World_War_II_Victory_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="140" /></a> <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_Victory_Medal_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="World War II Victory Medal (United States)">World War II Victory Medal</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Presidential_Unit_Citation_(Philippines).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Presidential_Unit_Citation_%28Philippines%29.svg/25px-Presidential_Unit_Citation_%28Philippines%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Presidential_Unit_Citation_%28Philippines%29.svg/38px-Presidential_Unit_Citation_%28Philippines%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Presidential_Unit_Citation_%28Philippines%29.svg/50px-Presidential_Unit_Citation_%28Philippines%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="30" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Republic_Presidential_Unit_Citation" title="Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation">Philippine Presidential Unit Citation</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> Robert Bernard Altman (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈɔːltmən/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">AWLT-mən</a>; February 20, 1925 – November 20, 2006) was an American <a href="/wiki/Film_director" title="Film director">film director</a>, <a href="/wiki/Screenwriter" title="Screenwriter">screenwriter</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Film_producer" title="Film producer">producer</a>. He is considered an enduring figure from the <a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a> era, known for directing <a href="/wiki/Subversive" class="mw-redirect" title="Subversive">subversive</a> and <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satirical films</a> with overlapping dialogue and <a href="/wiki/Ensemble_cast" title="Ensemble cast">ensemble casts</a>. Over his career he received several awards including an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a>, two <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Film_Awards" title="British Academy Film Awards">British Academy Film Awards</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Primetime Emmy Award">Primetime Emmy Award</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award">Golden Globe Award</a> as well as nominations for seven competitive <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Awards</a>. Altman was nominated for five <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Academy Awards for Best Director</a> for the <a href="/wiki/War_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="War comedy">war comedy</a> <a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(film)" title="M*A*S*H (film)">M*A*S*H</a> (1970), the <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">musical film</a> <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a> (1975), the <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Hollywood satire</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Player_(1992_film)" title="The Player (1992 film)">The Player</a> (1992), the <a href="/wiki/Dark_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark comedy">dark comedy</a> <a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts" title="Short Cuts">Short Cuts</a> (1993), and the <a href="/wiki/Murder_mystery" class="mw-redirect" title="Murder mystery">murder mystery</a> <a href="/wiki/Gosford_Park" title="Gosford Park">Gosford Park</a> (2001). He is also known for directing <a href="/wiki/Brewster_McCloud" title="Brewster McCloud">Brewster McCloud</a> (1970), <a href="/wiki/McCabe_%26_Mrs._Miller" title="McCabe & Mrs. Miller">McCabe & Mrs. Miller</a> (1971), <a href="/wiki/The_Long_Goodbye_(film)" title="The Long Goodbye (film)">The Long Goodbye</a> (1973), <a href="/wiki/California_Split" title="California Split">California Split</a> (1974), <a href="/wiki/Thieves_Like_Us_(film)" title="Thieves Like Us (film)">Thieves Like Us</a> (1974), <a href="/wiki/3_Women" title="3 Women">3 Women</a> (1977), <a href="/wiki/A_Wedding_(1978_film)" title="A Wedding (1978 film)">A Wedding</a> (1978), <a href="/wiki/Popeye_(film)" title="Popeye (film)">Popeye</a> (1980), <a href="/wiki/Secret_Honor" title="Secret Honor">Secret Honor</a> (1984), <a href="/wiki/The_Company_(film)" title="The Company (film)">The Company</a> (2003), and <a href="/wiki/A_Prairie_Home_Companion_(film)" title="A Prairie Home Companion (film)">A Prairie Home Companion</a> (2006). Also known for his work on television, he directed the <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a> <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">political</a> <a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">mockumentary</a> miniseries <a href="/wiki/Tanner_%2788" title="Tanner '88">Tanner '88</a> (1988) for which he won the <a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_for_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series">Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series</a>. He also directed the HBO television film <a href="/wiki/The_Laundromat_(1985_film)" title="The Laundromat (1985 film)">The Laundromat</a> (1985). On stage, he directed the <a href="/wiki/Broadway_(theatre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadway (theatre)">Broadway</a> revival of the <a href="/wiki/Ed_Graczyk" title="Ed Graczyk">Ed Graczyk</a> play <a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_5_%26_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(play)" title="Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (play)">Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean</a> (1981) and later the <a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_5_%26_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(film)" title="Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (film)">1982 film of the same name</a>. He directed the <a href="/wiki/West_End_(theatre)" class="mw-redirect" title="West End (theatre)">West End</a> revival of <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Penultimate" class="mw-redirect" title="Penultimate">penultimate</a> play <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_Blues" title="Resurrection Blues">Resurrection Blues</a> (2006). In 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Motion_Picture_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences">Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences</a> recognized Altman's body of work with an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a>. He never won a competitive Oscar despite seven nominations. His films M*A*S*H, McCabe & Mrs. Miller, The Long Goodbye and Nashville have been selected for the United States <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a>. Altman is one of three filmmakers whose films have won the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Bear" title="Golden Bear">Golden Bear</a> at <a href="/wiki/Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="Berlin International Film Festival">Berlin</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion" title="Golden Lion">Golden Lion</a> at <a href="/wiki/Venice_Film_Festival" title="Venice Film Festival">Venice</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> at <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes</a> (the other two being <a href="/wiki/Henri-Georges_Clouzot" title="Henri-Georges Clouzot">Henri-Georges Clouzot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a>). <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life">edit</a>]</div> Altman was born on February 20, 1925, in <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a>, the son of Helen (née Matthews), a <a href="/wiki/Mayflower" title="Mayflower">Mayflower</a> descendant from <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, and Bernard Clement Altman, a wealthy insurance salesman and amateur gambler who came from an upper-class family. Altman's ancestry was German, English and Irish;<a href="#cite_note-altman3-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-altman1-2">[2]</a> his paternal grandfather, Frank Altman Sr., anglicized the spelling of the family name from "Altmann" to "Altman".<a href="#cite_note-altman1-2">[2]</a> Altman had a <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> upbringing,<a href="#cite_note-altman2-3">[3]</a> but he did not continue to follow or practice the religion as an adult,<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> although he has been referred to as "a sort of Catholic" and a Catholic director.<a href="#cite_note-altman2-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> He was educated at <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> schools, including <a href="/wiki/Rockhurst_High_School" title="Rockhurst High School">Rockhurst High School</a>, in Kansas City.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Wentworth_Military_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wentworth Military Academy">Wentworth Military Academy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Missouri" title="Lexington, Missouri">Lexington, Missouri</a> in 1943. Soon after graduation, Altman joined the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a> at the age of 18. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Altman flew more than 50 bombing missions as a co-pilot of a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_B-24_Liberator" title="Consolidated B-24 Liberator">B-24 Liberator</a> with the <a href="/wiki/307th_Operations_Group" title="307th Operations Group">307th Bomb Group</a> in <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-altm-8">[8]</a> Upon his discharge in 1947, Altman moved to California. He worked in publicity for a company that had invented a tattooing machine to identify dogs. He entered filmmaking on a whim, selling a script to <a href="/wiki/RKO" class="mw-redirect" title="RKO">RKO</a> for the 1948 picture <a href="/wiki/Bodyguard_(1948_film)" title="Bodyguard (1948 film)">Bodyguard</a>, which he co-wrote with George W. George. Altman's immediate success encouraged him to move to New York City, where he attempted to forge a career as a writer. Having enjoyed little success, he returned to Kansas City in 1949 and accepted a job as a director and writer of industrial films for the <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Company" title="Calvin Company">Calvin Company</a>. Altman directed some 65 industrial films and documentaries for the Calvin Company. Through his early work on industrial films, Altman experimented with narrative technique and developed his characteristic use of overlapping dialogue. In February 2012, an early Calvin film directed by Altman, Modern Football (1951), was found by filmmaker Gary Huggins.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Altman also had a career directing plays and operas parallel to his film career. While Altman was employed by the Calvin Company, he began directing plays at the Resident Theatre of the Jewish Community Center. These plays allowed him to work with local actors, such as fellow future director <a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Sarafian" title="Richard C. Sarafian">Richard C. Sarafian</a>, whom he directed in a production of Richard Harrity's Hope Is the Thing with Feathers. Sarafian would later marry Altman's sister and follow him to Hollywood.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Robert_Altman" title="Special:EditPage/Robert Altman">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2021) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1957–1969:_Directorial_debut_and_early_work">1957–1969: Directorial debut and early work</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1957–1969: Directorial debut and early work">edit</a>]</div> Altman's first forays into television directing were on the <a href="/wiki/DuMont_Television_Network" title="DuMont Television Network">DuMont</a> drama series <a href="/wiki/Pulse_of_the_City" title="Pulse of the City">Pulse of the City</a> (1953–1954), and an episode of the 1956 western series <a href="/wiki/The_Sheriff_of_Cochise" title="The Sheriff of Cochise">The Sheriff of Cochise</a>. In 1956, he was hired by a local businessman to write and direct a feature film in Kansas City on <a href="/wiki/Juvenile_delinquency" title="Juvenile delinquency">juvenile delinquency</a>. The film, titled <a href="/wiki/The_Delinquents_(1957_film)" title="The Delinquents (1957 film)">The Delinquents</a>, made for $60,000, was purchased by <a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a> for $150,000, and released in 1957. While primitive, this teen <a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">exploitation film</a> contained the foundations of Altman's later work in its use of casual, naturalistic dialogue. With its success, Altman moved from Kansas City to California for the last time. He co-directed <a href="/wiki/The_James_Dean_Story" title="The James Dean Story">The James Dean Story</a> (1957), a documentary rushed into theaters to capitalize on the actor's recent death and marketed to his emerging cult following. Both works caught the attention of <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> who hired Altman as a director for his <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> anthology series <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock_Presents" title="Alfred Hitchcock Presents">Alfred Hitchcock Presents</a>. After just two episodes, Altman resigned due to differences with a producer, but this exposure enabled him to forge a successful television career. Over the next decade Altman worked prolifically in television (and almost exclusively in series dramas) directing multiple episodes of <a href="/wiki/Whirlybirds" title="Whirlybirds">Whirlybirds</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Millionaire_(TV_series)" title="The Millionaire (TV series)">The Millionaire</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Marshal_(TV_series)" title="U.S. Marshal (TV series)">U.S. Marshal</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Troubleshooters_(1959_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Troubleshooters (1959 TV series)">The Troubleshooters</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Roaring_20s_(TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Roaring 20s (TV series)">The Roaring 20s</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bonanza" title="Bonanza">Bonanza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bus_Stop_(TV_series)" title="Bus Stop (TV series)">Bus Stop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kraft_Mystery_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Kraft Mystery Theater">Kraft Mystery Theater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Combat!" title="Combat!">Combat!</a>, as well as single episodes of several other notable series including <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Eye" title="Hawaiian Eye">Hawaiian Eye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maverick_(TV_series)" title="Maverick (TV series)">Maverick</a> (the fourth season episode <a href="/wiki/List_of_Maverick_episodes" title="List of Maverick episodes">"Bolt From the Blue"</a> also written by Altman and starring <a href="/wiki/Roger_Moore" title="Roger Moore">Roger Moore</a>), <a href="/wiki/Lawman_(TV_series)" title="Lawman (TV series)">Lawman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surfside_6" title="Surfside 6">Surfside 6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gunn" title="Peter Gunn">Peter Gunn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Route_66_(TV_series)" title="Route 66 (TV series)">Route 66</a>. By the 1960s, Altman established himself as a television director due to his ability to work quickly and efficiently on a limited budget. Though he was frequently fired from television projects for refusing to conform to network mandates, Altman always was able to land new assignments. In 1964, the producers decided to expand "Once Upon a Savage Night", one of his episodes of <a href="/wiki/Kraft_Suspense_Theatre" title="Kraft Suspense Theatre">Kraft Suspense Theatre</a>, for release as a television film under the title <a href="/wiki/Nightmare_in_Chicago" title="Nightmare in Chicago">Nightmare in Chicago</a>. In a 1963 episode, "The Hunt", his cast included <a href="/wiki/James_Caan" title="James Caan">James Caan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Dern" title="Bruce Dern">Bruce Dern</a>. Two years later, Altman was hired to direct the low-budget space travel feature <a href="/wiki/Countdown_(1967_film)" title="Countdown (1967 film)">Countdown</a>, but was fired within days of the project's conclusion because he had refused to edit the film to a manageable length. He worked with Caan again, who led the cast with <a href="/wiki/Robert_Duvall" title="Robert Duvall">Robert Duvall</a>. He did not direct another film until <a href="/wiki/That_Cold_Day_in_the_Park" title="That Cold Day in the Park">That Cold Day in the Park</a> (1969), which was a critical and box-office disaster. During the decade, Altman began to express political subtexts within his works. In particular, he expressed anti-war sentiments regarding the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. Because of this, Altman's career would somewhat suffer as he came to be associated with the <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War">anti-war movement</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970–1979:_Breakthrough_and_stardom">1970–1979: Breakthrough and stardom</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1970–1979: Breakthrough and stardom">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shelley_Duvall_1975.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Shelley_Duvall_1975.jpg/170px-Shelley_Duvall_1975.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Shelley_Duvall_1975.jpg/255px-Shelley_Duvall_1975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Shelley_Duvall_1975.jpg/340px-Shelley_Duvall_1975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="397" data-file-height="455" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shelley_Duvall" title="Shelley Duvall">Shelley Duvall</a> was a muse of Altman's, acting in seven of his films including <a href="/wiki/Brewster_McCloud" title="Brewster McCloud">Brewster McCloud</a> (1970), <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a> (1975), <a href="/wiki/3_Women" title="3 Women">3 Women</a> (1977), and <a href="/wiki/Popeye_(1980_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Popeye (1980 film)">Popeye</a> (1980)</figcaption></figure> In 1969, Altman was offered the script for <a href="/wiki/MASH_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="MASH (film)">M*A*S*H</a>, an adaptation of a little-known <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>-era novel satirizing life in the armed services; more than a dozen other filmmakers had passed on it. Altman had been hesitant to take the production, and the shoot was so tumultuous that <a href="/wiki/Elliott_Gould" title="Elliott Gould">Elliott Gould</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sutherland" title="Donald Sutherland">Donald Sutherland</a> tried to have Altman fired over his unorthodox filming methods. Nevertheless, M*A*S*H was widely hailed as a classic upon its 1970 release. It won the <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> at the 1970 <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a> and netted five <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> nominations. It was Altman's highest-grossing film, released during a time of increasing anti-war sentiment in the United States. The <a href="/wiki/Academy_Film_Archive" title="Academy Film Archive">Academy Film Archive</a> preserved M*A*S*H in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Now recognized as a major talent, Altman notched critical successes with <a href="/wiki/McCabe_%26_Mrs._Miller" title="McCabe & Mrs. Miller">McCabe & Mrs. Miller</a> (1971), a <a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Western" title="Revisionist Western">revisionist Western</a> in which the mordant songs of <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a> underscore a gritty vision of the American frontier; <a href="/wiki/Images_(film)" title="Images (film)">Images</a>, his single, <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Bergman</a>-inspired attempt at making a horror film; <a href="/wiki/The_Long_Goodbye_(film)" title="The Long Goodbye (film)">The Long Goodbye</a> (1973), a controversial adaptation of the <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Chandler" title="Raymond Chandler">Raymond Chandler</a> novel (scripted by <a href="/wiki/Leigh_Brackett" title="Leigh Brackett">Leigh Brackett</a>) now ranked as a seminal influence on the <a href="/wiki/Neo-noir" title="Neo-noir">neo-noir</a> subgenre; <a href="/wiki/Thieves_Like_Us_(film)" title="Thieves Like Us (film)">Thieves Like Us</a> (1974), an adaptation of the Edward Anderson novel previously filmed by <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ray" title="Nicholas Ray">Nicholas Ray</a> as <a href="/wiki/They_Live_by_Night" title="They Live by Night">They Live by Night</a> (1949); <a href="/wiki/California_Split" title="California Split">California Split</a> (1974), a gambling comedy-drama shot partially on location in <a href="/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a> (1975), which had a strong political theme set against the world of <a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">country music</a>. The stars of the film wrote their own songs; <a href="/wiki/Keith_Carradine" title="Keith Carradine">Keith Carradine</a> won an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> for the song "<a href="/wiki/I%27m_Easy_(Keith_Carradine_song)" title="I'm Easy (Keith Carradine song)">I'm Easy</a>". Altman's next film, <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Bill_and_the_Indians,_or_Sitting_Bull%27s_History_Lesson" title="Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson">Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson</a>, won the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Bear" title="Golden Bear">Golden Bear</a> at the <a href="/wiki/28th_Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="28th Berlin International Film Festival">28th Berlin International Film Festival</a>. Although his films were often met with divisive notices, and some, like <a href="/wiki/A_Perfect_Couple" title="A Perfect Couple">A Perfect Couple</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quintet_(film)" title="Quintet (film)">Quintet</a> were widely panned, many of the prominent film critics of the era (including <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Kael" title="Pauline Kael">Pauline Kael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Vincent Canby</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a>) remained steadfastly loyal to his directorial style throughout the decade. Audiences took some time to appreciate his films, and he did not want to have to satisfy studio officials. In 1970, following the release of M*A*S*H, he founded Lion's Gate Films to have independent production freedom. Altman's company is not to be confused with the current <a href="/wiki/Lions_Gate_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Lions Gate Entertainment">Lionsgate</a>, a Canada/U.S. entertainment company.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> The films he made through his company included <a href="/wiki/Brewster_McCloud" title="Brewster McCloud">Brewster McCloud</a>, <a href="/wiki/A_Wedding_(1978_film)" title="A Wedding (1978 film)">A Wedding</a>, and <a href="/wiki/3_Women" title="3 Women">3 Women</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980–1991:_Career_fluctuations">1980–1991: Career fluctuations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1980–1991: Career fluctuations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Altman_-_1976.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Robert_Altman_-_1976.jpg/220px-Robert_Altman_-_1976.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Robert_Altman_-_1976.jpg/330px-Robert_Altman_-_1976.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Robert_Altman_-_1976.jpg/440px-Robert_Altman_-_1976.jpg 2x" data-file-width="767" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption>Altman with <a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a> at Nashville awards ceremony in 1976</figcaption></figure> In 1980, he directed the musical film <a href="/wiki/Popeye_(film)" title="Popeye (film)">Popeye</a>. Produced by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Evans_(film_producer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Evans (film producer)">Robert Evans</a> and written by <a href="/wiki/Jules_Feiffer" title="Jules Feiffer">Jules Feiffer</a>, the film was based on the comic strip / cartoon <a href="/wiki/Popeye" title="Popeye">of the same name</a> and starred <a href="/wiki/Shelley_Duvall" title="Shelley Duvall">Shelley Duvall</a> and the comedian <a href="/wiki/Robin_Williams" title="Robin Williams">Robin Williams</a> in his film debut. Designed as a vehicle to increase Altman's commercial clout following a series of critically acclaimed but commercially unsuccessful low-budget films in the late 1970s (including 3 Women, A Wedding, and Quintet), the production was filmed on location in <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>. It was soon beleaguered by heavy drug and alcohol use among most of the cast and crew, including the director; Altman reportedly clashed with Evans, Williams (who threatened to leave the film), and songwriter <a href="/wiki/Harry_Nilsson" title="Harry Nilsson">Harry Nilsson</a> (who departed midway through the shoot, leaving <a href="/wiki/Van_Dyke_Parks" title="Van Dyke Parks">Van Dyke Parks</a> to finish the orchestrations). Although the film grossed $60 million worldwide on a $20 million budget and was the second highest-grossing film Altman had directed to that point, it failed to meet studio expectations and was considered a box office disappointment. In 1981, the director sold Lion's Gate to producer <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Taplin" title="Jonathan Taplin">Jonathan Taplin</a> after his political satire <a href="/wiki/Health_(film)" title="Health (film)">Health</a> (shot in early 1979 for a Christmas release) was shelved by longtime distributor <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Century Fox">20th Century Fox</a> following tepid test and festival screenings throughout 1980. The departure of longtime Altman partisan <a href="/wiki/Alan_Ladd_Jr." title="Alan Ladd Jr.">Alan Ladd Jr.</a> from Fox also played a decisive role in forestalling the release of the film. Unable to secure major financing in the post-New Hollywood <a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">blockbuster</a> era because of his mercurial reputation and the particularly tumultuous events surrounding the production of Popeye, Altman returned to television and theater between films. His first project after Popeye was 2 by South, a double bill of plays by unknown playwright Frank South, Rattlesnake in a Cooler and Precious Blood. The production debuted in Los Angeles and transferred off-Broadway, before Altman adapted it as a pair of television films. Altman's next project was to revive <a href="/wiki/Ed_Graczyk" title="Ed Graczyk">Ed Graczyk</a>'s play, <a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_5_%26_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(play)" title="Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (play)">Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean</a>. Like 2 by South, Altman adapted his production as a film. <a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_Five_and_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (film)">The film</a>, which starred <a href="/wiki/Cher" title="Cher">Cher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karen_Black" title="Karen Black">Karen Black</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Dennis" title="Sandy Dennis">Sandy Dennis</a>, played at film festivals before its independent theatrical release; Altman turned down several distribution deals to keep the film under his control.<a href="#cite_note-McGilligan-14">[14]</a>: 115  In 1982, after finishing work on Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean, Altman travelled to Dallas to film his next film, <a href="/wiki/Streamers_(film)" title="Streamers (film)">Streamers</a>. The film, adapted by <a href="/wiki/David_Rabe" title="David Rabe">David Rabe</a> from his <a href="/wiki/Streamers_(play)" title="Streamers (play)">hit play</a>, was shot in only 18 days. Its 1983 release made it Altman's third theatrical adaptation in as many years. Afterwards, he began teaching a course on his films at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>, where he concurrently staged his first production of <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress" title="The Rake's Progress">The Rake's Progress</a>. He also co-wrote <a href="/wiki/John_Anderson_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Anderson (musician)">John Anderson</a>'s 1983 hit single "<a href="/wiki/Black_Sheep_(John_Anderson_song)" title="Black Sheep (John Anderson song)">Black Sheep</a>".<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Altman_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Altman_01.jpg/180px-Altman_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Altman_01.jpg/270px-Altman_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Altman_01.jpg/360px-Altman_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3501" data-file-height="5354" /></a><figcaption>Altman in 1980</figcaption></figure> After the critical success of his three successive theatrical adaptations, Altman attempted to return to Hollywood with the <a href="/wiki/Teen_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Teen comedy">teen comedy</a> <a href="/wiki/O.C._and_Stiggs" title="O.C. and Stiggs">O.C. and Stiggs</a> (1985). Like Popeye, the chaotic production was characterized by tension between Altman and the studio, <a href="/wiki/MGM" class="mw-redirect" title="MGM">MGM</a>. Altman travelled to Arizona to shoot away from the executives and the screenwriters, whom he banned from the set. There he shot the film in the summer of 1983, but poor test screenings, chaos within the studio, and changing ownership delayed the film's release. It finally received a belated limited commercial release in 1987, four years after it was shot.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> The <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> later referred to it as "probably Altman's least successful film". While O.C. and Stiggs was shelved, Altman returned to theatrical adaptations and to the University of Michigan to film <a href="/wiki/Secret_Honor" title="Secret Honor">Secret Honor</a>, using his students as crew members. Based on a one man-play about former president <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, the film starred <a href="/wiki/Philip_Baker_Hall" title="Philip Baker Hall">Philip Baker Hall</a> as the ex-president. In 2008, the University of Michigan Library acquired Altman's archive.<a href="#cite_note-ManyHatsUMich-17">[17]</a> Adapted by Altman and <a href="/wiki/Sam_Shepard" title="Sam Shepard">Sam Shepard</a> for <a href="/wiki/The_Cannon_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="The Cannon Group">The Cannon Group</a> from Shepard's <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a>-nominated play, <a href="/wiki/Fool_for_Love_(1985_film)" title="Fool for Love (1985 film)">Fool for Love</a> (1985) featured the playwright-actor alongside <a href="/wiki/Kim_Basinger" title="Kim Basinger">Kim Basinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Dean_Stanton" title="Harry Dean Stanton">Harry Dean Stanton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Randy_Quaid" title="Randy Quaid">Randy Quaid</a>; it fared better than most of his films from the era, earning $900,000 domestically on a $2 million budget and positive reviews from <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Vincent Canby</a>. Disappointed by his string of critical and commercial failures, including the still-unreleased O.C. and Stiggs, Altman moved to Paris. There, he shot another television film, <a href="/wiki/The_Laundromat_(1985_film)" title="The Laundromat (1985 film)">The Laundromat</a>, which he completed before Fool for Love. He then wrote and directed <a href="/wiki/Beyond_Therapy_(film)" title="Beyond Therapy (film)">Beyond Therapy</a>, which proved to be one of his biggest failures. Altman then mounted his second production of The Rake's Progress, this time at the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_de_Lille" title="Opéra de Lille">Opéra de Lille</a>. The Opéra was undergoing financial collapse at the time, and its failure to regain money through ambitious productions caused it close later that year. Altman also used a selection from Jean-Phillipe Rameau's <a href="/wiki/Les_Bor%C3%A9ades" title="Les Boréades">Les Boréades</a> as the basis for his contribution to <a href="/wiki/Aria_(1987_film)" title="Aria (1987 film)">Aria</a>, which was shown at the <a href="/wiki/1987_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="1987 Cannes Film Festival">1987 Cannes Film Festival</a> to mixed reception. Altman made his next television film, Basements, based on two plays by Harold Pinter. Though Pinter wrote the screenplay himself, this film became the latest of Altman's failures. The long-awaited release of O.C. and Stiggs that year was also panned. Altman finally regained a modicum of critical favor in 1988 for his television work. He returned to America early that year to shoot the <a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">mockumentary</a> show <a href="/wiki/Tanner_%2788" title="Tanner '88">Tanner '88</a> (1988), a collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Garry_Trudeau" title="Garry Trudeau">Garry Trudeau</a> set in the milieu of a United States presidential campaign, for which he earned a <a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Primetime Emmy Award">Primetime Emmy Award</a>. The series was shot on the actual campaign trail and featured several real candidates. During the show's run, Altman's television production of <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Caine_Mutiny_Court-Martial_(1988_film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial (1988 film) (page does not exist)">The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial</a> aired. Though it received high acclaim, it would be his last television film. In 1990, Altman directed <a href="/wiki/Vincent_%26_Theo" title="Vincent & Theo">Vincent & Theo</a>, a biographical film about <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a> that was intended as a television miniseries for broadcast in the United Kingdom. A theatrical version of the film was a modest success in the United States, marking a significant turning point in the director's critical resurgence.<a href="#cite_note-19">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[b]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1992–2006:_Resurgence_and_final_films">1992–2006: Resurgence and final films</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1992–2006: Resurgence and final films">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Altman_Cannes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Robert_Altman_Cannes.jpg/170px-Robert_Altman_Cannes.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Robert_Altman_Cannes.jpg/255px-Robert_Altman_Cannes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Robert_Altman_Cannes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="557" /></a><figcaption>Altman at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival</figcaption></figure> He revitalized his career in earnest with <a href="/wiki/The_Player_(1992_film)" title="The Player (1992 film)">The Player</a> (1992), a satire of Hollywood. Co-produced by the influential <a href="/wiki/David_Brown_(producer)" title="David Brown (producer)">David Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Sting" title="The Sting">The Sting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaws_(film)" title="Jaws (film)">Jaws</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cocoon_(film)" title="Cocoon (film)">Cocoon</a>), the film was nominated for three Academy Awards, including <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a>. While he did not win the Oscar, he was awarded Best Director by the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/BAFTA" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA">BAFTA</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle" title="New York Film Critics Circle">New York Film Critics Circle</a>. Altman then directed <a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Short Cuts (film)">Short Cuts</a> (1993), an ambitious adaptation of several short stories by <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Carver" title="Raymond Carver">Raymond Carver</a>, which portrayed the lives of various citizens of Los Angeles over the course of several days. The film's large cast and intertwining of many different storylines were similar to his large-cast films of the 1970s; he won the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion" title="Golden Lion">Golden Lion</a> at the 1993 <a href="/wiki/Venice_International_Film_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Venice International Film Festival">Venice International Film Festival</a> and another Oscar nomination for Best Director. Between shooting and editing <a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts" title="Short Cuts">Short Cuts</a>, Altman made his return to opera as the director and co-librettist of <a href="/wiki/McTeague_(opera)" title="McTeague (opera)">McTeague</a>. Altman was hired on the project by <a href="/wiki/William_Bolcom" title="William Bolcom">William Bolcom</a>, who had been commissioned with his regular librettist, <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Weinstein" title="Arnold Weinstein">Arnold Weinstein</a>, to write an opera by the <a href="/wiki/Lyric_Opera_of_Chicago" title="Lyric Opera of Chicago">Lyric Opera of Chicago</a>. Bolcom, a teacher at the University of Michigan, had admired Altman's first production of The Rake's Progress a decade prior and asked him for help adapting <a href="/wiki/Frank_Norris" title="Frank Norris">Frank Norris</a>'s <a href="/wiki/McTeague" title="McTeague">novel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a> After finishing Short Cuts, Altman directed two episodes of <a href="/wiki/Great_Performances" title="Great Performances">Great Performances</a>. The first was an R&B revue; the second was a television adaptation of McTeague. The rest of the 1990s saw limited success for Altman. His 1994 release <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-Porter_(film)" title="Prêt-à-Porter (film)">Prêt-à-Porter</a> (also known as Ready to Wear) garnered significant pre-release publicity, but was a commercial and critical flop, though it got several nominations for year-end awards, including two <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globes" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globes">Golden Globe</a> nominations and won the <a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review" title="National Board of Review">National Board of Review</a> award for <a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Cast" title="National Board of Review Award for Best Cast">Best Acting By An Ensemble</a>. In 1996, Altman directed <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_(1996_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kansas City (1996 film)">Kansas City</a>, expressing his love of 1930s jazz through a complicated kidnapping story. Altman encouraged the film's on-set musicians to improvise, and unused footage of their performances formed the basis for Altman's third episode of Great Performances. However, the story received lukewarm-to-positive reviews, but made next to nothing at the box office, as did the 1998 legal thriller <a href="/wiki/The_Gingerbread_Man_(film)" title="The Gingerbread Man (film)">The Gingerbread Man</a>. Though his 1997 anthology series <a href="/wiki/Gun_(TV_series)" title="Gun (TV series)">Gun</a> had a high-profile cast, it was cancelled after only six episodes. He did close the decade on a high note, with 1999's <a href="/wiki/Cookie%27s_Fortune" title="Cookie's Fortune">Cookie's Fortune</a>, a quirky black comedy about the suicide of a wealthy dowager, his first film in almost 6 years to make back its budget, and which earned him generally positive praise from critics. He was elected a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-AAAS-23">[21]</a> Though Altman's first film of the new millennium, <a href="/wiki/Dr._T_%26_the_Women" title="Dr. T & the Women">Dr. T & the Women</a>, received only moderate reviews and middling financial success. His next film, <a href="/wiki/Gosford_Park" title="Gosford Park">Gosford Park</a> (2001), was included on many critics' lists of the ten best films of that year. A large-cast, British country house <a href="/wiki/Murder_mystery" class="mw-redirect" title="Murder mystery">murder mystery</a>, it won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay (<a href="/wiki/Julian_Fellowes" title="Julian Fellowes">Julian Fellowes</a>) plus six more nominations, including two for Altman, as Best Director and Best Picture. <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Altman,_director,_producer_LCCN2020729686.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Robert_Altman%2C_director%2C_producer_LCCN2020729686.jpg/170px-Robert_Altman%2C_director%2C_producer_LCCN2020729686.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Robert_Altman%2C_director%2C_producer_LCCN2020729686.jpg/255px-Robert_Altman%2C_director%2C_producer_LCCN2020729686.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Robert_Altman%2C_director%2C_producer_LCCN2020729686.jpg/340px-Robert_Altman%2C_director%2C_producer_LCCN2020729686.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3358" data-file-height="4939" /></a><figcaption>Altman in 1980</figcaption></figure> Altman returned to the stage twice more. In 2004 He reunited with Bolcom, Weinstein, and the Lyric Opera to adapt his 1978 film, A Wedding, as an opera. It was generally well received.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a> His final stage production was poorly received. In 2006, Altman travelled to England to direct the <a href="/wiki/West_End_theatre" title="West End theatre">West End</a> debut of <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a>'s final play, <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_Blues" title="Resurrection Blues">Resurrection Blues</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Old_Vic_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Vic Theatre">Old Vic Theatre</a>. At this time, the Old Vic was managed by <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Spacey" title="Kevin Spacey">Kevin Spacey</a>, and the production starred <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Schell" title="Maximilian Schell">Maximilian Schell</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Fox" title="James Fox">James Fox</a>, Neve Campbell, <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Modine" title="Matthew Modine">Matthew Modine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jane_Adams_(actress,_born_1965)" title="Jane Adams (actress, born 1965)">Jane Adams</a>. However, despite the pedigree of all involved, the production was an abject failure with poor reviews and behind-the-scenes bickering.<a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a> Working with independent studios such as the now-shuttered Fine Line, Artisan (which was absorbed into today's <a href="/wiki/Lions_Gate_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Lions Gate Entertainment">Lionsgate</a>), and USA Films (now <a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a>), gave Altman the edge in making the kinds of films he always wanted to make without studio interference. <a href="/wiki/The_Company_(film)" title="The Company (film)">The Company</a>, a film about the <a href="/wiki/Joffrey_Ballet" title="Joffrey Ballet">Joffrey Ballet</a> in Chicago, featured a cast composed mainly of actual dancers. The film had been conceived by star <a href="/wiki/Neve_Campbell" title="Neve Campbell">Neve Campbell</a>, an ex ballerina, and written by Altman's longtime friend, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Turner_(screenwriter)" title="Barbara Turner (screenwriter)">Barbara Turner</a>. Altman directed a follow-up to Tanner '88 for the <a href="/wiki/Sundance_TV" title="Sundance TV">Sundance Channel</a>, reuniting him with <a href="/wiki/Michael_Murphy_(actor)" title="Michael Murphy (actor)">Michael Murphy</a> as an older Jack Tanner. A <a href="/wiki/A_Prairie_Home_Companion_(film)" title="A Prairie Home Companion (film)">film version</a> of <a href="/wiki/Garrison_Keillor" title="Garrison Keillor">Garrison Keillor</a>'s public radio series <a href="/wiki/A_Prairie_Home_Companion" title="A Prairie Home Companion">A Prairie Home Companion</a> was released in June 2006. Altman was still developing new projects up until his death, including a film based on <a href="/wiki/Hands_on_a_Hard_Body:_The_Documentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Hands on a Hard Body: The Documentary">Hands on a Hard Body: The Documentary</a> (1997).<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> In 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Motion_Picture_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences">Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences</a> awarded Altman an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a> for Lifetime Achievement. During his acceptance speech, he revealed that he had received a heart transplant approximately ten or eleven years earlier. The director then quipped that perhaps the academy had acted prematurely in recognizing the body of his work, as he felt like he might have four more decades of life ahead of him. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Directing_style_and_technique">Directing style and technique</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Directing style and technique">edit</a>]</div> Altman's particular style of filmmaking covered many genres — referred to as Altmanesque<a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> — but usually with a "<a href="/wiki/Subversion" title="Subversion">subversive</a>" or "anti-Hollywood" twist which typically relied on <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satire</a> and humor to express his personal views. Actors especially enjoyed working under his direction because he encouraged them to improvise. He preferred large <a href="/wiki/Ensemble_cast" title="Ensemble cast">ensemble casts</a> for his films, and developed a <a href="/wiki/Multitrack_recording" title="Multitrack recording">multitrack recording</a> technique which produced overlapping dialogue from multiple actors. This produced a more natural, more dynamic, and more complex experience for the viewer. He also used highly mobile camera work and zoom lenses to enhance the activity taking place on the screen. Critic <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Kael" title="Pauline Kael">Pauline Kael</a>, writing about his directing style, said that Altman could "make film fireworks out of next to nothing."<a href="#cite_note-Wakeman-28">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maverick_and_auteur">Maverick and auteur</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Maverick and auteur">edit</a>]</div> Following his successful career in television, Altman began his new career in the film industry when he was in middle-age. He understood the creative limits imposed by the television medium, and now set out to direct and write films which would express his personal visions about American society and Hollywood. His films would later be described as "<a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">auteuristic</a> attacks" and "idiosyncratic variations" of traditional films, typically using subtle comedy or satire as a way of expressing his observations.<a href="#cite_note-Wakeman-28">[26]</a> His films were typically related to political, ideological, and personal subjects, and Altman was known for "refusing to compromise his own artistic vision."<a href="#cite_note-Hillstrom-29">[27]</a> He has been described as "anti-Hollywood," often ignoring the social pressures that affected others in the industry, which made it more difficult for him to get many of his films seen. He said his independence as a filmmaker helped him overall: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">I don't think there's a filmmaker alive, or who ever lived, who's had a better shake than I've had. I've never been without a project and it's always been a project of my own choosing. So I don't know how much better it could be. I have not become a mogul, I don't build castles and I don't have a vast personal fortune, but I have been able to do what I've wanted to do and I've done it a lot.<a href="#cite_note-Stevens-30">[28]</a></blockquote> "Altman was a genuine movie maverick," states author <a href="/wiki/Ian_Freer" title="Ian Freer">Ian Freer</a>, because he went against the commercial conformity of the film industry: "He was the scourge of the film establishment, and his work generally cast an astute, scathing eye over the breadth of American culture, often exploding genres and character archetypes; Altman was fascinated by people with imperfections, people as they really are, not as the movies would have you believe."<a href="#cite_note-Freer-31">[29]</a> Director <a href="/wiki/Alan_Rudolph" title="Alan Rudolph">Alan Rudolph</a>, during a special tribute to Altman, refers to his moviemaking style as "Altmanesque."<a href="#cite_note-NYT-07-32">[30]</a> With his independent style of directing, he developed a bad reputation among screenwriters and those on the business side of films. He admits, "I have a bad reputation with writers, developed over the years: 'Oh, he doesn't do what you write, blah blah blah.' ... <a href="/wiki/Ring_Lardner,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Ring Lardner, Jr.">Ring Lardner</a> was very pissed off with me," for not following his script.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson-33">[31]</a>: 18  Nor did Altman get along well with studio heads, once punching an executive in the nose and knocking him into a swimming pool because he insisted he cut six minutes from a film he was working on.<a href="#cite_note-Armstrong-34">[32]</a>: 9  His reputation among actors was better. With them, his independence sometimes extended to his choice of actors, often going against consensus. <a href="/wiki/Cher" title="Cher">Cher</a>, for instance, credits him for launching her career with both the stage play and film, <a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_Five_and_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (film)">Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean</a> (1982). "Without Bob I would have never had a film career. Everyone told him not to cast me. Everyone. ... Nobody would give me a break. I am convinced that Bob was the only one who was brave enough to do it." Others, like <a href="/wiki/Julianne_Moore" title="Julianne Moore">Julianne Moore</a>, describes working with him: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">You know, all this talk about Bob being this kind of irascible, difficult kind of person? Well, he was never that way with an actor or with a creative person that I saw. Never, never, never. He saved all that for the money people.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 431 </blockquote> Director <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dornhelm" title="Robert Dornhelm">Robert Dornhelm</a> said Altman "looked at film as a pure, artistic venue." With <a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Short Cuts (film)">Short Cuts</a> (1993), for instance, the distributor "begged him" to cut a few minutes from the length, to keep it commercially viable: "Bob just thought the antiChrist was trying to destroy his art. They were well-meaning people who wanted him to get what he deserved, which was a big commercial hit. But when it came down to the art or the money, he was with the art."<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 438  <a href="/wiki/Sally_Kellerman" title="Sally Kellerman">Sally Kellerman</a>, noting Altman's willful attitude, looked back with regret at giving up a chance to act in one of his films: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">I had just finished filming <a href="/wiki/Last_of_the_Red_Hot_Lovers" title="Last of the Red Hot Lovers">Last of the Red Hot Lovers</a> when Bob called me one day at home. "Sally, do you want to be in my picture after next?" he asked. "Only if it's a good part," I said. He hung up on me. Bob was as stubborn and arrogant as I was at the time, but the sad thing is that I cheated myself out of working with someone I loved so much, someone who made acting both fun and easy and who trusted his actors. Bob loved actors. Stars would line up to work for nothing for Bob Altman.<a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Themes_and_subjects">Themes and subjects</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Themes and subjects">edit</a>]</div> Unlike directors whose work fits within various <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">film genres</a>, such as Westerns, musicals, war films, or comedies, Altman's work has been defined as more "anti-genre" by various critics.<a href="#cite_note-Hillstrom-29">[27]</a> This is partly due to the satirical and comedy nature of many of his films. <a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Chaplin" title="Geraldine Chaplin">Geraldine Chaplin</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a>, compared the humor in his films to her father's films: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">They're funny in the right way. Funny in a critical way — of what the world is and the world we live in. They were both geniuses in their way. They alter your experience of reality. They have their world and they have their humor. That humor is so rare.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 287 </blockquote> Altman made it clear that he did not like "storytelling" in his films, contrary to the way most television and mainstream film are made. According to Altman biographer <a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Zuckoff" title="Mitchell Zuckoff">Mitchell Zuckoff</a>, "he disliked the word 'story,' believing that a plot should be secondary to an exploration of pure (or, even better, impure) human behavior."<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: xiii  Zuckoff describes the purposes underlying many of Altman's films: "He loved the chaotic nature of real life, with conflicting perspectives, surprising twists, unexplained actions, and ambiguous endings. He especially loved many voices, sometimes arguing, sometimes agreeing, ideally overlapping, a cocktail party or a street scene captured as he experienced it.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: xiii  <a href="/wiki/Julianne_Moore" title="Julianne Moore">Julianne Moore</a>, after seeing some of his movies, credits Altman's style of directing for her decision to become a film actress, rather than a stage actress: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">I felt it really strongly. And I thought, "I don't know who this guy is, but that's what I want to do. I want to do that kind of work." From then on I'd see his films whenever I could, and he was always my absolute favorite director, for what he said thematically and emotionally and how he felt about people.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 324 </blockquote> Film author Charles Derry writes that Altman's films "characteristically contain perceptive observations, telling exchanges, and moments of crystal clear revelation of human folly."<a href="#cite_note-Hillstrom-29">[27]</a> Because Altman was an astute observer of society and "especially interested in people," notes Derry, many of his film characters had "that sloppy imperfection associated with human beings as they are, with life as it is lived."<a href="#cite_note-Hillstrom-29">[27]</a> As a result, his films are often an indirect critique of American society. For many of Altman's films, the satirical content is evident: <a href="/wiki/MASH_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="MASH (film)">M*A*S*H</a> (1970), for example, is a satirical black comedy set during the Korean War; <a href="/wiki/McCabe_%26_Mrs._Miller" title="McCabe & Mrs. Miller">McCabe & Mrs. Miller</a> (1971) is a satire on Westerns;<a href="#cite_note-Wood-37">[35]</a> author <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Kennedy_(author)" title="Matthew Kennedy (author)">Matthew Kennedy</a> states that <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a> (1975) is a "brilliant satire of America immediately prior to the Bicentennial";<a href="#cite_note-38">[36]</a> <a href="/wiki/A_Wedding_(1978_film)" title="A Wedding (1978 film)">A Wedding</a> (1978) is a satire on American marriage rituals and hypocrisy;<a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a> Altman himself said that <a href="/wiki/The_Player_(1992_film)" title="The Player (1992 film)">The Player</a> (1992) was "a very mild satire" about the Hollywood film industry, and <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Vincent Canby</a> agreed, stating that "as a satire, The Player tickles. It doesn't draw blood."<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> The satire of his films sometimes led to their failure at the box office if their satirical nature was not understood by the distributor. Altman blames the box office failure of <a href="/wiki/The_Long_Goodbye_(film)" title="The Long Goodbye (film)">The Long Goodbye</a> (1973), a detective story, on the erroneous marketing of the film as a thriller: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">When the picture opened, it was a big, big flop. ... I went to David Picker and said, "You can't do this. No wonder the fucking picture is failing. It's giving the wrong impression. You make it look like a thriller and it's not, it's a satire.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson-33">[31]</a></blockquote> Similarly, Altman also blames the failure of <a href="/wiki/O.C._%26_Stiggs" class="mw-redirect" title="O.C. & Stiggs">O.C. & Stiggs</a> on its being marketed as a typical "teenage movie," rather than what he filmed it as, a "satire of a teenage movie," he said.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson-33">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Improvisation_dialogue">Improvisation dialogue</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Improvisation dialogue">edit</a>]</div> Altman favored stories expressing the interrelationships among several characters, being more interested in character motivation than in intricate plots. He therefore tended to sketch out only a basic plot for the film, referring to the screenplay as a "blueprint" for action. By encouraging his actors to improvise dialogue, Altman thus became known as an "actor's director," a reputation that attracted many notable actors to work as part of his large casts. Performers enjoy working with Altman in part because "he provides them with the freedom to develop their characters and often alter the script through improvisation and collaboration," notes Derry. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Baskin" title="Richard Baskin">Richard Baskin</a> says that "Bob was rather extraordinary in his way of letting people do what they did. He trusted you to do what you did and therefore you would kill for him."<a href="#cite_note-Hillstrom-29">[27]</a> <a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 282  <a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Chaplin" title="Geraldine Chaplin">Geraldine Chaplin</a>, who acted in Nashville, recalls one of her first rehearsal sessions: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">He said, "Have you brought your scripts?" We said yes. He said, "Well, throw them away. You don't need them. You need to know who you are and where you are and who you're with." ... It was like being onstage with a full house every second. All the circus acts you had inside your body you'd do just for him.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 282 </blockquote> Altman regularly let his actors develop a character through improvisation during rehearsal or sometimes during the actual filming.<a href="#cite_note-Armstrong-34">[32]</a> Such improvisation was uncommon in film due to the high cost of film production which requires careful planning, precise scripts, and rehearsal, before costly film was exposed. Nevertheless, Altman preferred to use improvisation as a tool for helping his actors develop their character.<a href="#cite_note-41">[39]</a> Altman said that "once we start shooting it's a very set thing. Improvisation is misunderstood. We don't just turn people loose."<a href="#cite_note-Stevens-30">[28]</a> Although he tried to avoid dictating an actor's every move, preferring to let them be in control: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">When I cast a film, most of my creative work is done. I have to be there to turn the switch on and give them encouragement as a father figure, but they do all the work. ... All I'm trying to do is make it easy on the actor, because once you start to shoot, the actor is the artist. ... I have to give them confidence and see that they have a certain amount of protection so they can be creative. ... I let them do what they became actors for in the first place: to create.<a href="#cite_note-Stevens-30">[28]</a></blockquote> <a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> remembers Altman admitting that many of the ideas in his films came from the actors. "You never hear a director say that. That was truly an astonishing thing," she said.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 328  Others, such as <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Jason_Leigh" title="Jennifer Jason Leigh">Jennifer Jason Leigh</a>, became creatively driven: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">He would inspire you out of sheer necessity to come up with stuff that you didn't know you were capable of, that you didn't know you had in you. He was so genuinely mischievous and so damn funny.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 435 </blockquote> He liked working with many of the same performers, including <a href="/wiki/Shelley_Duvall" title="Shelley Duvall">Shelley Duvall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bert_Remsen" title="Bert Remsen">Bert Remsen</a> (7 films each); <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dooley" title="Paul Dooley">Paul Dooley</a> (6 films); <a href="/wiki/Michael_Murphy_(actor)" title="Michael Murphy (actor)">Michael Murphy</a> (5 films); <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Goldblum" title="Jeff Goldblum">Jeff Goldblum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyle_Lovett" title="Lyle Lovett">Lyle Lovett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Gibson" title="Henry Gibson">Henry Gibson</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Arkin" title="David Arkin">David Arkin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Schuck" title="John Schuck">John Schuck</a> (4 films each); <a href="/wiki/Tim_Robbins" title="Tim Robbins">Tim Robbins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belita_Moreno" title="Belita Moreno">Belita Moreno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Grant" title="Richard E. Grant">Richard E. Grant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Chaplin" title="Geraldine Chaplin">Geraldine Chaplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Richard_Nelson" title="Craig Richard Nelson">Craig Richard Nelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sally_Kellerman" title="Sally Kellerman">Sally Kellerman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Keith_Carradine" title="Keith Carradine">Keith Carradine</a> (3 films each). Krin Gabbard adds that Altman enjoyed using actors "who flourish as improvisers," such as <a href="/wiki/Elliott_Gould" title="Elliott Gould">Elliott Gould</a>, who starred in three of his films, M*A*S*H, The Long Goodbye and California Split.<a href="#cite_note-Armstrong-34">[32]</a> Gould recalls that when filming M*A*S*H, his first acting job with Altman, he and costar <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sutherland" title="Donald Sutherland">Donald Sutherland</a> didn't think Altman knew what he was doing. He wrote years later, "I think that in hindsight, Donald and I were two elitist, arrogant actors who really weren't getting Altman's genius."<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 174  Others in the cast immediately appreciated Altman's directing style. <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Auberjonois" title="René Auberjonois">René Auberjonois</a> explains: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">We thought that's the way movies were. That they were that joyous an experience. If you had any kind of career, you quickly saw that most directors don't really trust actors, don't really want to see actors acting. That was the difference with Bob Altman. He loved actors and wanted to see acting.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 175 </blockquote> Unlike television and traditional films, Altman also avoided "conventional storytelling," and would opt for showing the "busy confusion of real life," observes Albert Lindauer.<a href="#cite_note-Wakeman-28">[26]</a> Among the various techniques to achieve this effect, his films often include "a profusion of sounds and images, by huge casts or crazy characters, multiple plots or no plots at all, ... and a reliance on improvisation."<a href="#cite_note-Wakeman-28">[26]</a> A few months before he died, Altman tried to summarize the motives behind his filmmaking style: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">I equate this work more with painting than with theater or literature. Stories don't interest me. Basically, I'm more interested in behavior. I don't direct, I watch. I have to be thrilled if I expect the audience to be thrilled. Because what I really want to see from an actor is something I've never seen before, so I can't tell them what it is. I try to encourage actors not to take turns. To deal with conversation as conversation. I mean, that's what the job is, I think. It's to make a comfort area so that an actor can go beyond what he thought he could do.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 8 </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sound_techniques">Sound techniques</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sound techniques">edit</a>]</div> Altman was one of the few filmmakers who "paid full attention to the possibilities of sound" when filming.<a href="#cite_note-Freer-31">[29]</a> He tried to replicate natural conversational sounds, even with large casts, by wiring hidden microphones to actors, then recording them talking over each other with multiple soundtracks.<a href="#cite_note-Freer-31">[29]</a> During the filming, he wore a headset to ensure that important dialogue could be heard, without emphasizing it. This produced a "dense audio experience" for viewers, allowing them to hear multiple scraps of dialogue, as if they were listening in on various private conversations. Altman recognized that although large casts hurt a film commercially, "I like to see a lot of stuff going on."<a href="#cite_note-Stevens-30">[28]</a> Altman first used overlapping soundtracks in <a href="/wiki/MASH_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="MASH (film)">M*A*S*H</a> (1970), a sound technique which film author Michael Barson describes as "a breathtaking innovation at the time."<a href="#cite_note-Barson-42">[40]</a> He developed it, Altman said, to force viewers to pay attention and become engaged in the film as if they were an active participant.<a href="#cite_note-Wakeman-28">[26]</a> According to some critics, one of the more extreme uses of the technique is in <a href="/wiki/McCabe_and_Mrs._Miller" class="mw-redirect" title="McCabe and Mrs. Miller">McCabe and Mrs. Miller</a> (1971), also considered among his finest films.<a href="#cite_note-Hillstrom-29">[27]</a> Film historian/scholar <a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Kolker" title="Robert P. Kolker">Robert P. Kolker</a> pointed out that the aural and visual simultaneity in Altman's films was critical as that represented an emphasis on the plurality of events, which required viewers to become active spectators.<a href="#cite_note-43">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ensemble_casts">Ensemble casts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ensemble casts">edit</a>]</div> Overlapping dialogue among large groups of actors adds complexity to Altman's films, and they were often criticized as appearing haphazard or disconnected on first viewing. Some of his critics changed their minds after seeing them again. British film critic <a href="/wiki/David_Thomson_(film_critic)" title="David Thomson (film critic)">David Thomson</a> gave <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a> (1975) a bad review after watching it the first time, but later wrote, "But going back to Nashville and some of the earlier films, ... made me reflect: It remains enigmatic how organized or purposeful Nashville is. ... The mosaic, or mix, permits a freedom and a human idiosyncrasy that <a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Renoir</a> might have admired."<a href="#cite_note-Thomson-44">[42]</a> During the making of the film, the actors were inspired, and co-star <a href="/wiki/Ronee_Blakley" title="Ronee Blakley">Ronee Blakley</a> was convinced of the film's ultimate success: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">Yes, I did think it was going to be great, all the work was so good, every actor was inspired, and Altman's team was intensely competent, and he was that rare kind of genius who knows what works and what doesn't at the moment it is happening.<a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a></blockquote> Thomson later recognized those aspects as being part of Altman's style, beginning with <a href="/wiki/MASH_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="MASH (film)">M*A*S*H</a> (1970): "MASH began to develop the crucial Altman style of overlapping, blurred sound and images so slippery with zoom that there was no sense of composition. That is what makes Nashville so absorbing."<a href="#cite_note-Thomson-44">[42]</a> Altman explained that to him such overlapping dialogue in his films was closer to reality, especially with large groups: "If you've got fourteen people at a dinner table, it seems to me it's pretty unlikely that only two of them are going to be talking."<a href="#cite_note-Stevens-30">[28]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Kael" title="Pauline Kael">Pauline Kael</a> writes that Altman, "the master of large ensembles, loose action, and overlapping voices, demonstrates that ... he can make film fireworks out of next to nothing."<a href="#cite_note-Wakeman-28">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Photography">Photography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Photography">edit</a>]</div> Altman's distinctive style of directing carried over into his preferences for camerawork. Among them was his use of widescreen compositions, intended to capture the many people or activities taking place on screen at the same time. For some films, such as McCabe and Mrs. Miller, he created a powerful visual atmosphere with cinematographer <a href="/wiki/Vilmos_Zsigmond" title="Vilmos Zsigmond">Vilmos Zsigmond</a>, such as scenes using fluid camerawork, zoom lenses, and a smoky effect using special fog filters.<a href="#cite_note-Frost-46">[44]</a> Director <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> told Altman that "the camerawork was wonderful," and asked, "How did you do it?"<a href="#cite_note-Rogers-47">[45]</a> In Nashville, Altman used sets with noticeable colors of reds, whites and blues. For The Long Goodbye, he insisted that Zsigmond keep the camera mobile by mounting it to moving objects.<a href="#cite_note-Hillstrom-29">[27]</a> Zsigmond states that Altman "wanted to do something different" in this film, and told him he "wanted the camera to move — all the time. Up. down. In and out. Side to side."<a href="#cite_note-Rogers-47">[45]</a> Cinematographer <a href="/wiki/Roger_Deakins" title="Roger Deakins">Roger Deakins</a>, discussing his use of zoom lenses, commented, "I would find it quite exciting to shoot a film with a zoom lens if it was that observational, roving kind of look that Robert Altman was known for. He'd put the camera on a jib arm and float across the scene and pick out these shots as he went along – quite a nice way of working."<a href="#cite_note-Frost-46">[44]</a> Zsigmond also recalls that working with Altman was fun: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">We rather enjoyed doing things "improv." Altman is a great improviser. During the first few days of the shoot, he would "create" different approaches on a moment's notice. He would show me how he wanted the camera to move — always move. Which was fun. The actors loved it, and I was always challenged to find ways to shoot what Altman came up with.<a href="#cite_note-Rogers-47">[45]</a></blockquote> Vilmos Zsigmond's cinematography in McCabe and Mrs. Miller received a nomination by the <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Film_Awards" title="British Academy Film Awards">British Academy Film Awards</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music_scores">Music scores</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Music scores">edit</a>]</div> When using music in his films, Altman was known to be highly selective, often choosing music that he personally liked. Director <a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a>, who worked with him, notes that "Altman's use of music is always important," adding, "Bob loved his music, didn't he? My God, he loved his music".<a href="#cite_note-Armstrong-34">[32]</a> Since he was a "great fan" of <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a>'s music, for example, saying he would "just get stoned and play that stuff" all the time<a href="#cite_note-Thompson-33">[31]</a> he used three of his songs in <a href="/wiki/McCabe_and_Mrs._Miller" class="mw-redirect" title="McCabe and Mrs. Miller">McCabe and Mrs. Miller</a> (1971), and another for the final scene in <a href="/wiki/A_Wedding_(1978_film)" title="A Wedding (1978 film)">A Wedding</a> (1978).<a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a> For <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a> (1975), Altman had numerous new country music songs written by his cast to create a realistic atmosphere. He incorporated a "hauntingly repeated melody" in <a href="/wiki/The_Long_Goodbye_(film)" title="The Long Goodbye (film)">The Long Goodbye</a> (1973), and employed <a href="/wiki/Harry_Nilsson" title="Harry Nilsson">Harry Nilsson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Van_Dyke_Parks" title="Van Dyke Parks">Van Dyke Parks</a> to score <a href="/wiki/Popeye_(film)" title="Popeye (film)">Popeye</a> (1980).<a href="#cite_note-McGilligan-14">[14]</a>: 347  A number of music experts have written about Altman's use of music, including Richard R. Ness, who wrote about the scores for many of Altman's films in an article, considered to be a valuable resource for understanding Altman's filmmaking technique.<a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a> Similarly, cinema studies professor Krin Gabbard<a href="#cite_note-50">[48]</a> wrote an analysis of Altman's use of jazz music in <a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Short Cuts (film)">Short Cuts</a> (1993), noting that few critics have considered the "importance of the music" in the film.<a href="#cite_note-Armstrong-34">[32]</a> Jazz was also significant in <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_(1996_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kansas City (1996 film)">Kansas City</a> (1996). In that film, the music is considered to be the basis of the story. Altman states that "the whole idea was not to be too specific about the story," but to have the film itself be "rather a sort of jazz."<a href="#cite_note-Self-51">[49]</a> Altman's technique of making the theme of a film a form of music, was considered "an experiment nobody has tried before," with Altman admitting it was risky. "I didn't know if it would work. ... If people 'get it,' then they really tend to like it."<a href="#cite_note-Altman-52">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Influence">edit</a>]</div> Directors who are influenced by Altman include <a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wes_Anderson" title="Wes Anderson">Wes Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judd_Apatow" title="Judd Apatow">Judd Apatow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro González Iñárritu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noah_Baumbach" title="Noah Baumbach">Noah Baumbach</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Gordon_Green" title="David Gordon Green">David Gordon Green</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Lord_and_Christopher_Miller" title="Phil Lord and Christopher Miller">Phil Lord and Christopher Miller</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Safdie_brothers" title="Safdie brothers">Safdie brothers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harmony_Korine" title="Harmony Korine">Harmony Korine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Winterbottom" title="Michael Winterbottom">Michael Winterbottom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reinvented-53">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a> Altman gave several directors, including <a href="/wiki/Alan_Rudolph" title="Alan Rudolph">Alan Rudolph</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reza_Badiyi" title="Reza Badiyi">Reza Badiyi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Sarafian" title="Richard C. Sarafian">Richard C. Sarafian</a>, their starts in filmmaking. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Filmography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman_filmography" title="Robert Altman filmography">Robert Altman filmography</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Directed Features </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Title </th> <th>Distribution </th></tr> <tr> <td>1957</td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Delinquents_(1957_film)" title="The Delinquents (1957 film)">The Delinquents</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Countdown_(1967_film)" title="Countdown (1967 film)">Countdown</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1969</td> <td><a href="/wiki/That_Cold_Day_in_the_Park" title="That Cold Day in the Park">That Cold Day in the Park</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_United_Entertainment" title="Commonwealth United Entertainment">Commonwealth United Entertainment</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1970</td> <td><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(film)" title="M*A*S*H (film)">M*A*S*H</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Studios" title="20th Century Studios">20th Century Fox</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brewster_McCloud" title="Brewster McCloud">Brewster McCloud</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971</td> <td><a href="/wiki/McCabe_%26_Mrs._Miller" title="McCabe & Mrs. Miller">McCabe & Mrs. Miller</a></td> <td>Warner Bros. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Images_(film)" title="Images (film)">Images</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pictures" title="Columbia Pictures">Columbia Pictures</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973</td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Goodbye_(film)" title="The Long Goodbye (film)">The Long Goodbye</a></td> <td rowspan="2">United Artists </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1974</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thieves_Like_Us_(film)" title="Thieves Like Us (film)">Thieves Like Us</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/California_Split" title="California Split">California Split</a></td> <td>Columbia Pictures </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Bill_and_the_Indians,_or_Sitting_Bull%27s_History_Lesson" title="Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson">Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson</a></td> <td>United Artists </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977</td> <td><a href="/wiki/3_Women" title="3 Women">3 Women</a></td> <td rowspan="5">20th Century Fox </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978</td> <td><a href="/wiki/A_Wedding_(1978_film)" title="A Wedding (1978 film)">A Wedding</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1979</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quintet_(film)" title="Quintet (film)">Quintet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/A_Perfect_Couple" title="A Perfect Couple">A Perfect Couple</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1980</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Health_(film)" title="Health (film)">Health</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Popeye_(film)" title="Popeye (film)">Popeye</a></td> <td>Paramount Pictures <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures" title="Walt Disney Pictures">Walt Disney Productions</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1982</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_5_%26_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(film)" title="Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (film)">Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cinecom" title="Cinecom">Cinecom</a> Pictures </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Streamers_(film)" title="Streamers (film)">Streamers</a></td> <td>United Artists </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Secret_Honor" title="Secret Honor">Secret Honor</a></td> <td>Cinecom Pictures </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fool_for_Love_(1985_film)" title="Fool for Love (1985 film)">Fool for Love</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Cannon_Group,_Inc." title="The Cannon Group, Inc.">Cannon Group</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1987 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/O.C._and_Stiggs" title="O.C. and Stiggs">O.C. and Stiggs</a></td> <td>Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Beyond_Therapy_(film)" title="Beyond Therapy (film)">Beyond Therapy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_World_Pictures" title="New World Pictures">New World Pictures</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vincent_%26_Theo" title="Vincent & Theo">Vincent & Theo</a></td> <td>Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992</td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Player_(1992_film)" title="The Player (1992 film)">The Player</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fine_Line_Features" title="Fine Line Features">Fine Line Features</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts" title="Short Cuts">Short Cuts</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-Porter_(film)" title="Prêt-à-Porter (film)">Prêt-à-Porter</a></td> <td>Miramax Films </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_(film)" title="Kansas City (film)">Kansas City</a></td> <td>Fine Line Features </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Gingerbread_Man_(film)" title="The Gingerbread Man (film)">The Gingerbread Man</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/PolyGram_Filmed_Entertainment" title="PolyGram Filmed Entertainment">PolyGram Entertainment</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cookie%27s_Fortune" title="Cookie's Fortune">Cookie's Fortune</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_Films" title="October Films">October Films</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dr._T_%26_the_Women" title="Dr. T & the Women">Dr. T & the Women</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Artisan_Entertainment" title="Artisan Entertainment">Artisan Entertainment</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gosford_Park" title="Gosford Park">Gosford Park</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Company_(film)" title="The Company (film)">The Company</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Classics" title="Sony Pictures Classics">Sony Pictures Classics</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/A_Prairie_Home_Companion_(film)" title="A Prairie Home Companion (film)">A Prairie Home Companion</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Line_Cinema" title="New Line Cinema">New Line Cinema</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Frequent_collaborators">Frequent collaborators</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Frequent collaborators">edit</a>]</div> Altman often cast certain actors in many of his films. Actors who have performed in his films 3 or more times in either lead, supporting or cameo roles include <a href="/wiki/Michael_Murphy_(actor)" title="Michael Murphy (actor)">Michael Murphy</a> (7), <a href="/wiki/Shelley_Duvall" title="Shelley Duvall">Shelley Duvall</a> (7), <a href="/wiki/Bert_Remsen" title="Bert Remsen">Bert Remsen</a> (7), <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dooley" title="Paul Dooley">Paul Dooley</a> (6), <a href="/wiki/Elliott_Gould" title="Elliott Gould">Elliott Gould</a> (5), <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Auberjonois" title="René Auberjonois">Rene Auberjonois</a> (5), <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Goldblum" title="Jeff Goldblum">Jeff Goldblum</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/Lyle_Lovett" title="Lyle Lovett">Lyle Lovett</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/Henry_Gibson" title="Henry Gibson">Henry Gibson</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/David_Arkin" title="David Arkin">David Arkin</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/John_Schuck" title="John Schuck">John Schuck</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/Tim_Robbins" title="Tim Robbins">Tim Robbins</a> (3), <a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> (3), <a href="/wiki/Keith_Carradine" title="Keith Carradine">Keith Carradine</a> (3), <a href="/wiki/Sally_Kellerman" title="Sally Kellerman">Sally Kellerman</a> (3), <a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Chaplin" title="Geraldine Chaplin">Geraldine Chaplin</a> (3), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann_Ryerson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ann Ryerson (page does not exist)">Ann Ryerson</a> (3), <a href="/wiki/Belita_Moreno" title="Belita Moreno">Belita Moreno</a> (3), <a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Grant" title="Richard E. Grant">Richard E. Grant</a> (3) and <a href="/wiki/Craig_Richard_Nelson" title="Craig Richard Nelson">Craig Richard Nelson</a> (3). <div style="overflow-x: auto; white-space: nowrap;"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;vertical-align:bottom;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" style="line-height:1.2;padding:0.1em 0.4em;" class="diagonal-split-header unsortable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141225670">.mw-parser-output .diagonal-split-header{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Diagonal_line.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:100%100%;background-position:center}</style><div style="margin-left:2em;text-align:right">Work</div><div style="margin-right:2em;text-align:left">Actor</div></th> <th>1957</th> <th>1967</th> <th>1969</th> <th>1970</th> <th>1970</th> <th>1971</th> <th>1972</th> <th>1973</th> <th>1974</th> <th>1974</th> <th>1975</th> <th>1976</th> <th>1977</th> <th>1978</th> <th>1979</th> <th>1979</th> <th>1980</th> <th>1980</th> <th>1982</th> <th>1983</th> <th>1984</th> <th>1985</th> <th>1987</th> <th>1987</th> <th>1990</th> <th>1992</th> <th>1993</th> <th>1994</th> <th>1996</th> <th>1998</th> <th>1999</th> <th>2000</th> <th>2001</th> <th>2003</th> <th>2006 </th></tr> <tr> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1221560606">@supports(writing-mode:vertical-rl){.mw-parser-output .ts-vertical-header{line-height:1;max-width:1em;padding:0.4em;vertical-align:bottom;width:1em}html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sortable:not(.jquery-tablesorter) .ts-vertical-header:not(.unsortable),html.client-js .mw-parser-output .ts-vertical-header.headerSort{background-position:50%.4em;padding-right:0.4em;padding-top:21px}.mw-parser-output .ts-vertical-header.is-valign-top{vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .ts-vertical-header.is-valign-middle{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ts-vertical-header.is-normal{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ts-vertical-header>*{display:inline-block;transform:rotate(180deg);writing-mode:vertical-rl}@supports(writing-mode:sideways-lr){.mw-parser-output .ts-vertical-header>*{transform:none;writing-mode:sideways-lr}}}</style><a href="/wiki/The_Delinquents_(1957_film)" title="The Delinquents (1957 film)">The Delinquents</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Countdown_(1967_film)" title="Countdown (1967 film)">Countdown</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/That_Cold_Day_in_the_Park" title="That Cold Day in the Park">That Cold Day in the Park</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(film)" title="M*A*S*H (film)">M*A*S*H</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Brewster_McCloud" title="Brewster McCloud">Brewster McCloud</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/McCabe_%26_Mrs._Miller" title="McCabe & Mrs. Miller">McCabe & Mrs. Miller</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Images_(film)" title="Images (film)">Images</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Goodbye_(film)" title="The Long Goodbye (film)">The Long Goodbye</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Thieves_Like_Us_(film)" title="Thieves Like Us (film)">Thieves Like Us</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/California_Split" title="California Split">California Split</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Bill_and_the_Indians,_or_Sitting_Bull%27s_History_Lesson" title="Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson">Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/3_Women" title="3 Women">3 Women</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/A_Wedding_(1978_film)" title="A Wedding (1978 film)">A Wedding</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Quintet_(film)" title="Quintet (film)">Quintet</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/A_Perfect_Couple" title="A Perfect Couple">A Perfect Couple</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Health_(film)" title="Health (film)">Health</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Popeye_(film)" title="Popeye (film)">Popeye</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_5_%26_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(film)" title="Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (film)">Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Streamers_(film)" title="Streamers (film)">Streamers</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Secret_Honor" title="Secret Honor">Secret Honor</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Fool_for_Love_(1985_film)" title="Fool for Love (1985 film)">Fool for Love</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/O.C._and_Stiggs" title="O.C. and Stiggs">O.C. and Stiggs</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Beyond_Therapy_(film)" title="Beyond Therapy (film)">Beyond Therapy</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_%26_Theo" title="Vincent & Theo">Vincent & Theo</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/The_Player_(1992_film)" title="The Player (1992 film)">The Player</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts" title="Short Cuts">Short Cuts</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-Porter_(film)" title="Prêt-à-Porter (film)">Prêt-à-Porter</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_(film)" title="Kansas City (film)">Kansas City</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/The_Gingerbread_Man_(film)" title="The Gingerbread Man (film)">The Gingerbread Man</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Cookie%27s_Fortune" title="Cookie's Fortune">Cookie's Fortune</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Dr._T_%26_the_Women" title="Dr. T & the Women">Dr. T & the Women</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/Gosford_Park" title="Gosford Park">Gosford Park</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/The_Company_(film)" title="The Company (film)">The Company</a></div></th> <th class="nowrap ts-vertical-header" style=""><div style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1221560606"><a href="/wiki/A_Prairie_Home_Companion_(film)" title="A Prairie Home Companion (film)">A Prairie Home Companion</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Aaron" title="Caroline Aaron">Caroline Aaron</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Arkin" title="David Arkin">David Arkin</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rene_Auberjonois" class="mw-redirect" title="Rene Auberjonois">Rene Auberjonois</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ned_Beatty" title="Ned Beatty">Ned Beatty</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karen_Black" title="Karen Black">Karen Black</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Keith_Carradine" title="Keith Carradine">Keith Carradine</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Chaplin" title="Geraldine Chaplin">Geraldine Chaplin</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_DoQui" title="Robert DoQui">Robert DoQui</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dooley" title="Paul Dooley">Paul Dooley</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Downey_Jr." title="Robert Downey Jr.">Robert Downey Jr.</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Duvall" title="Robert Duvall">Robert Duvall</a></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shelley_Duvall" title="Shelley Duvall">Shelley Duvall</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Gibson" title="Henry Gibson">Henry Gibson</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Goldblum" title="Jeff Goldblum">Jeff Goldblum</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Gould" title="Elliott Gould">Elliott Gould</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Grant" title="Richard E. Grant">Richard E. Grant</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Glenda_Jackson" title="Glenda Jackson">Glenda Jackson</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sally_Kellerman" title="Sally Kellerman">Sally Kellerman</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Jason_Leigh" title="Jennifer Jason Leigh">Jennifer Jason Leigh</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lyle_Lovett" title="Lyle Lovett">Lyle Lovett</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Modine" title="Matthew Modine">Matthew Modine</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Julianne_Moore" title="Julianne Moore">Julianne Moore</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belita_Moreno" title="Belita Moreno">Belita Moreno</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Murphy_(actor)" title="Michael Murphy (actor)">Michael Murphy</a></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Craig_Richard_Nelson" title="Craig Richard Nelson">Craig Richard Nelson</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bert_Remsen" title="Bert Remsen">Bert Remsen</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Riley_(actor)" title="Jack Riley (actor)">Jack Riley</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tim_Robbins" title="Tim Robbins">Tim Robbins</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ann_Ryerson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ann Ryerson (page does not exist)">Ann Ryerson</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Schuck" title="John Schuck">John Schuck</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Skerritt" title="Tom Skerritt">Tom Skerritt</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lili_Taylor" title="Lili Taylor">Lili Taylor</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Liv_Tyler" title="Liv Tyler">Liv Tyler</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ray_Walston" title="Ray Walston">Ray Walston</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fred_Ward" title="Fred Ward">Fred Ward</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/40px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Awards and honors">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Robert_Altman" title="List of awards and nominations received by Robert Altman">List of awards and nominations received by Robert Altman</a></div> Altman received various awards and nominations including seven <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> nominations winning the <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary Academy Award">Honorary Oscar</a> in 2006. He received seven <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_Film_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="British Academy Film Award">British Academy Film Award</a> nominations winning twice for The Player (1992), and Gosford Park (2001). He received the <a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_for_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series">Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series</a> for <a href="/wiki/Tanner_%2788" title="Tanner '88">Tanner '88</a> (1988). He also received five <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award">Golden Globe Award</a> nominations winning the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Director">Golden Globe Award for Best Director</a> for Gosford Park. He also received various awards from film festivals including the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a>'s prestigious <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> for M*A*S*H and the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director">Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director</a> for The Player. He has also received the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="Berlin International Film Festival">Berlin International Film Festival</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Golden_Bear" title="Golden Bear">Golden Bear</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Venice_Film_Festival" title="Venice Film Festival">Venice Film Festival</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion" title="Golden Lion">Golden Lion</a>. In 1994, he received the <a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America_Lifetime_Achievement_Award_%E2%80%93_Feature_Film" title="Directors Guild of America Lifetime Achievement Award – Feature Film">Directors Guild of America Lifetime Achievement Award</a>. <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Awards and nominations received by Altman's films </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Year </th> <th rowspan="2">Title </th> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" width="160">Academy Awards </th> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" width="160">BAFTA Awards </th> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" width="160">Golden Globe Awards </th></tr> <tr> <th>Nominations </th> <th>Wins </th> <th>Nominations </th> <th>Wins </th> <th>Nominations </th> <th>Wins </th></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(film)" title="M*A*S*H (film)">M*A*S*H</a> </td> <td align="center">5 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">6 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">6 </td> <td align="center">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/McCabe_%26_Mrs._Miller" title="McCabe & Mrs. Miller">McCabe & Mrs. Miller</a> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Images_(film)" title="Images (film)">Images</a> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a> </td> <td align="center">5 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">5 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">11 </td> <td align="center">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/3_Women" title="3 Women">3 Women</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/A_Wedding_(1978_film)" title="A Wedding (1978 film)">A Wedding</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">2 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1982 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_Five_and_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (film)">Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Player_(1992_film)" title="The Player (1992 film)">The Player</a> </td> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">5 </td> <td align="center">2 </td> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center">2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts" title="Short Cuts">Short Cuts</a> </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">2 </td> <td align="center">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-Porter_(film)" title="Prêt-à-Porter (film)">Prêt-à-Porter</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">2 </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gosford_Park" title="Gosford Park">Gosford Park</a> </td> <td align="center">7 </td> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center">9 </td> <td align="center">2 </td> <td align="center">5 </td> <td align="center">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total </th> <th align="center">21 </th> <th align="center">3 </th> <th align="center">30 </th> <th align="center">6 </th> <th align="center">33 </th> <th align="center">6 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family">Family</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Family">edit</a>]</div> Altman was married three times: His first wife was LaVonne Elmer. They were married from 1947 to 1949, and had a daughter, Christine. His second wife was Lotus Corelli. They were married from 1950 to 1955, and had two sons, Michael and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Altman" title="Stephen Altman">Stephen</a>. At fifteen, Michael wrote the lyrics to "<a href="/wiki/Suicide_Is_Painless" title="Suicide Is Painless">Suicide Is Painless</a>", the theme song to Altman's film, <a href="/wiki/MASH_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="MASH (film)">M*A*S*H</a>. Stephen is a <a href="/wiki/Production_designer" title="Production designer">production designer</a> who often worked with his father. Altman's third wife was Kathryn Reed. They were married from 1957 until his death in 2006. They had two sons, Robert and Matthew. Altman became the stepfather to Konni Reed when he married Kathryn.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-55">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> Kathryn Altman, who died in 2016, co-authored a book about Altman that was published in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-58">[56]</a> She had served as a consultant and narrator for the 2014 documentary <a href="/wiki/Altman_(film)" title="Altman (film)">Altman</a>, and had spoken at many retrospective screenings of her husband's films.<a href="#cite_note-59">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Homes">Homes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Homes">edit</a>]</div> In the 1960s, Altman lived for years in <a href="/wiki/Mandeville_Canyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandeville Canyon">Mandeville Canyon</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brentwood,_Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Brentwood, Los Angeles, California">Brentwood, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[58]</a> He resided in <a href="/wiki/Malibu,_California" title="Malibu, California">Malibu</a> throughout the 1970s, but sold that home and the Lion's Gate production company in 1981. "I had no choice", he told <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. "Nobody was answering the phone" after the flop of Popeye. He moved his family and business headquarters to New York City, but eventually moved back to Malibu, where he lived until his death.<a href="#cite_note-61">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_views">Political views</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Political views">edit</a>]</div> In November 2000, Altman claimed that he would move to Paris if <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> were elected, but joked that he had meant Paris, Texas, when it came to pass. He noted that "the state would be better off if he (Bush) is out of it."<a href="#cite_note-62">[60]</a> Altman was an outspoken <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">marijuana</a> user, and served as a member of the <a href="/wiki/NORML" class="mw-redirect" title="NORML">NORML</a> advisory board.<a href="#cite_note-63">[61]</a> He was also an atheist and an anti-war activist.<a href="#cite_note-64">[62]</a> He was one of numerous public figures, including linguist <a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a> and actress <a href="/wiki/Susan_Sarandon" title="Susan Sarandon">Susan Sarandon</a>, who signed the "<a href="/wiki/Not_in_Our_Name" title="Not in Our Name">Not in Our Name</a>" declaration opposing the 2003 invasion of <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>.<a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a> <a href="/wiki/Julian_Fellowes" title="Julian Fellowes">Julian Fellowes</a> believes that Altman's anti-war and anti-Bush stance cost him the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director Oscar</a> for Gosford Park.<a href="#cite_note-Zuckoff-35">[33]</a>: 478  Altman despised the television series <a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(TV_series)" title="M*A*S*H (TV series)">M*A*S*H</a> which followed his 1970 film, citing it as being the antithesis of what his movie was about, and citing its anti-war messages as being "racist". In the 2001 DVD commentary for M*A*S*H, he stated clearly the reasons for which he disapproved of the series.<a href="#cite_note-67">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Death and legacy">edit</a>]</div> Altman died from leukemia at <a href="/wiki/Cedars-Sinai_Medical_Center" title="Cedars-Sinai Medical Center">Cedars-Sinai Medical Center</a> in Los Angeles on November 20, 2006, at age 81.<a href="#cite_note-Lyman-68">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[67]</a> Fellow film director <a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> dedicated his 2007 film <a href="/wiki/There_Will_Be_Blood" title="There Will Be Blood">There Will Be Blood</a> to Altman.<a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a> Anderson had worked as a standby director on <a href="/wiki/A_Prairie_Home_Companion_(film)" title="A Prairie Home Companion (film)">A Prairie Home Companion</a> for insurance purposes in the event the ailing 80-year-old Altman would be unable to finish shooting. During a celebration tribute to Altman a few months after his death, he was described as a "passionate filmmaker" and <a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">auteur</a> who rejected convention, creating what director <a href="/wiki/Alan_Rudolph" title="Alan Rudolph">Alan Rudolph</a> called an "Altmanesque" style of films.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-07-32">[30]</a> He preferred large casts of actors and natural overlapping conversations, and encouraged his actors to improvise and express their innate creativity without fear of failing. <a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a> compared him to "a great benign patriarch who was always looking out for you as an actor," adding that "you're not afraid to take chances with him."<a href="#cite_note-EW-71">[69]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Altman_Handprint.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Robert_Altman_Handprint.jpg/220px-Robert_Altman_Handprint.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Robert_Altman_Handprint.jpg/330px-Robert_Altman_Handprint.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Robert_Altman_Handprint.jpg/440px-Robert_Altman_Handprint.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1824" data-file-height="2364" /></a><figcaption>Altman's handprints outside <a href="/wiki/Palais_des_Festivals_et_des_Congr%C3%A8s" title="Palais des Festivals et des Congrès">Palais des Festivals et des Congrès</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cannes" title="Cannes">Cannes</a>, France</figcaption></figure> Many of his films are described as "acid satires and counterculture character studies that redefined and reinvigorated modern cinema."<a href="#cite_note-EW-71">[69]</a> Although his films spanned most film genres, such as Westerns, musicals, war films, or comedies, he was considered "anti-genre," and his films were "candidly subversive." He was known to hate the "phoniness" he saw in most mainstream films, and "he wanted to explode them" through satire.<a href="#cite_note-Lyman-68">[66]</a> Actor <a href="/wiki/Tim_Robbins" title="Tim Robbins">Tim Robbins</a>, who starred in a number of Altman's films, describes some of the unique aspects of his directing method: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">He created a unique and wonderful world on his sets, ... where the mischievous dad unleashed the "children actors" to play. Where your imagination was encouraged, nurtured, laughed at, embraced and Altman-ized. A sweet anarchy that many of us hadn't felt since the schoolyard, unleashed by Bob's wild heart.<a href="#cite_note-Indiewire-72">[70]</a></blockquote> Altman's personal archives are located at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>, which include about 900 boxes of personal papers, scripts, legal, business and financial records, photographs, props and related material. Altman had filmed Secret Honor at the university, as well as directed several operas there.<a href="#cite_note-ManyHatsUMich-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> Since 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Spirit_Robert_Altman_Award" title="Independent Spirit Robert Altman Award">Robert Altman Award</a> is awarded to the director, casting director, and ensemble cast of films at the yearly <a href="/wiki/Independent_Spirit_Awards" title="Independent Spirit Awards">Independent Spirit Awards</a>. In 2014, a feature-length documentary film, <a href="/wiki/Altman_(film)" title="Altman (film)">Altman</a>, was released, which looks at his life and work with film clips and interviews.<a href="#cite_note-docIMDB-74">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hyperlink_cinema" title="Hyperlink cinema">Hyperlink cinema</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Powerfully realized study of <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a> and his brother Theo marks a return to the mainstream arena for director Robert Altman. Brilliantly acted, splendid film fare should be welcomed in specialty houses and beyond.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> When <a href="/wiki/The_Player_(1992_film)" title="The Player (1992 film)">The Player</a> came out in 1992, it was greeted as a welcome comeback for director Robert Altman, who spent much of the previous decade working small—making filmed plays instead of the ambitious, character-heavy genre reinventions he'd been known for in the 1970s. But Altman actually reclaimed his "critics' darling" status two years earlier with <a href="/wiki/Vincent_%26_Theo" title="Vincent & Theo">Vincent & Theo</a>, a luminous biopic about painter Vincent Van Gogh (played by Tim Roth) and his art-dealer brother (Paul Rhys).<a href="#cite_note-Murray-20">[19]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-altman3-1"><a href="#cite_ref-altman3_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLemons" class="citation news cs1">Lemons, Stephen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061208024334/http://archive.salon.com/people/bc/2000/08/15/altman/index.html">"Robert Altman"</a>. Salon.com. p. 2. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.salon.com/people/bc/2000/08/15/altman/index.html">the original</a> on December 8, 2006. Retrieved November 22, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Salon.com&rft.atitle=Robert+Altman&rft.pages=2&rft.aulast=Lemons&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.salon.com%2Fpeople%2Fbc%2F2000%2F08%2F15%2Faltman%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-altman1-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-altman1_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-altman1_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Daily_Telegraph2006" class="citation news cs1">The Daily Telegraph (November 22, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220116115945/https://www.nysun.com/obituaries/robert-altman-81-mercurial-director/44018/">"Robert Altman, 81, Mercurial Director of Masterworks and Flops"</a>. The New York Sun. Archived from the original on January 16, 2022. 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Adherents.com. July 28, 2005. Archived from the original on February 4, 2006. 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Retrieved May 1, 2013. <q>Still, it's worth noting that by the age of 20 this whistle-blower had resisted two of the most powerful institutions – church and army, both. He is an atheist, "And I have been against all of these wars ever since."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Still+up+to+mischief+%28Suzie+Mackenzie+interviewing+Altman%29&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.au=Suzie+Mackenzie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2004%2Fmay%2F01%2Ffeatures.weekend&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"20 Questions, 2 Choices". <a href="/wiki/The_Birmingham_News" title="The Birmingham News">The Birmingham News</a>. June 3, 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Birmingham+News&rft.atitle=20+Questions%2C+2+Choices&rft.date=2005-06-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,1207121,00.html">"Robert Altman"</a>. The Guardian. Interview. London, UK.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Robert+Altman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffilm.guardian.co.uk%2Finterview%2Finterviewpages%2F0%2C1207121%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deseret.com/2002/1/16/19631716/mash-filmmaker-says-he-hates-series">"'MASH' filmmaker says he hates series"</a>. January 16, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221005165533/https://www.deseret.com/2002/1/16/19631716/mash-filmmaker-says-he-hates-series">Archived</a> from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved October 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27MASH%27+filmmaker+says+he+hates+series&rft.date=2002-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2F2002%2F1%2F16%2F19631716%2Fmash-filmmaker-says-he-hates-series&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lyman-68">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lyman_68-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lyman_68-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyman2006" class="citation news cs1">Lyman, Rick (November 22, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/22/movies/22altman.html">"Robert Altman, Director With Daring, Dies at 81"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220201040026/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/22/movies/22altman.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2022. Retrieved January 31, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Robert+Altman%2C+Director+With+Daring%2C+Dies+at+81&rft.date=2006-11-22&rft.aulast=Lyman&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F11%2F22%2Fmovies%2F22altman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbertMadsen2008" class="citation news cs1">Ebert, Roger; Madsen, Virginia (November 10, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/robert-altman-1925--2006-his-dangerous-angel-remembers">"Robert Altman (1925–2006): His dangerous angel remembers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RogerEbert.com" title="RogerEbert.com">RogerEbert.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240616130105/https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/robert-altman-1925--2006-his-dangerous-angel-remembers">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RogerEbert.com&rft.atitle=Robert+Altman+%281925%E2%80%932006%29%3A+His+dangerous+angel+remembers&rft.date=2008-11-10&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.au=Madsen%2C+Virginia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Finterviews%2Frobert-altman-1925--2006-his-dangerous-angel-remembers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2008" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Ian Haydn, ed. (2008). International Film Guide: The Definitive Annual Review of World Cinema. London, UK: Wallflower Press. p. 316. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-905674-61-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-905674-61-9"><bdi>978-1-905674-61-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Film+Guide%3A+The+Definitive+Annual+Review+of+World+Cinema&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pages=316&rft.pub=Wallflower+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-905674-61-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EW-71">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EW_71-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EW_71-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/article/2006/11/24/remembering-robert-altman/">"Remembering Robert Altman"</a>, Entertainment Weekly, November 24, 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-Indiewire-72"><a href="#cite_ref-Indiewire_72-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiewire.com/article/an_altmanesque_celebration_for_a_maverick_american_director_robert_altman_1">"An Altmanesque celebration for a maverick American director: Robert Altman, 1925–2006"</a>. Indiewire. February 21, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150611004345/http://www.indiewire.com/article/an_altmanesque_celebration_for_a_maverick_american_director_robert_altman_1">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2015. Retrieved September 12, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indiewire&rft.atitle=An+Altmanesque+celebration+for+a+maverick+American+director%3A+Robert+Altman%2C+1925%E2%80%932006&rft.date=2007-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2Farticle%2Fan_altmanesque_celebration_for_a_maverick_american_director_robert_altman_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090610044807/http://www.kansascity.com/news/columnists/mike_hendricks/story/1155383.html">"K.C. native Altman's papers heading for Michigan, not K.C."</a> Kansas City Star. April 21, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kansascity.com/news/columnists/mike_hendricks/story/1155383.html">the original</a> on June 10, 2009. Retrieved April 22, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kansas+City+Star&rft.atitle=K.C.+native+Altman%27s+papers+heading+for+Michigan%2C+not+K.C.&rft.date=2009-04-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kansascity.com%2Fnews%2Fcolumnists%2Fmike_hendricks%2Fstory%2F1155383.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-docIMDB-74"><a href="#cite_ref-docIMDB_74-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann2014" class="citation web cs1">Mann, Ron (November 4, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2404171/">"Altman"</a>. IMDb.com. Michael Murphy, Robert Altman, Kathryn Reed. Retrieved March 15, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb.com&rft.atitle=Altman&rft.date=2014-11-04&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt2404171%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/altman.html">"Robert Altman Bibliography"</a>. U.C. Berkeley.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+Altman+Bibliography&rft.pub=U.C.+Berkeley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.berkeley.edu%2FMRC%2Faltman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSyska,_Rafal2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rafal_Syska" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafal Syska">Syska, Rafal</a> (2008). Keep the Distance. The film world of Robert Altman. Cracow: Rabid. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-83-60236-36-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-83-60236-36-9"><bdi>978-83-60236-36-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Keep+the+Distance.+The+film+world+of+Robert+Altman&rft.place=Cracow&rft.pub=Rabid&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-83-60236-36-9&rft.au=Syska%2C+Rafal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaso2015" class="citation book cs1">Caso, Frank (2015). Robert Altman in the American Grain. London: Reaktion Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-522-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-522-6"><bdi>978-1-78023-522-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert+Altman+in+the+American+Grain&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-78023-522-6&rft.aulast=Caso&rft.aufirst=Frank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"></li> <li>The director's commentary on the McCabe & Mrs. Miller DVD, while focusing on that film, also to some degree covers Altman's general methodology as a director.</li> <li>Judith M. Kass. Robert Altman: American Innovator early (1978) assessment of the director's work and his interest in gambling. Part of <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Maltin" title="Leonard Maltin">Leonard Maltin</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Popular_Library" title="Popular Library">Popular Library</a> filmmaker series.</li> <li>The English band <a href="/wiki/Max%C3%AFmo_Park" title="Maxïmo Park">Maxïmo Park</a> have a song named "Robert Altman," a b-side to their single "<a href="/wiki/Our_Velocity" title="Our Velocity">Our Velocity</a>."</li> <li>The Criterion Collection has released several of Altman's films on DVD (Short Cuts, 3 Women, Tanner 88, Secret Honor) which include audio commentary and video interviews with him that shed light on his directing style.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Warren, Charles (2006). Crouse, Jeffey (ed.). "Cavell, Altman and Cassavetes". Film International. Stanley Cavell special issue. Vol. 4, no. 22. pp. 14–20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Film+International&rft.atitle=Cavell%2C+Altman+and+Cassavetes&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=22&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E14-%3C%2Fspan%3E20&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Altman" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Rick Armstrong, "Robert Altman: Critical Essays" Actors, historians, film scholars, and cultural theorists reflect on Altman and his five-decade career... (McFarland, February 18, 2011.)</li> <li>Mitchell Zuckoff, Robert Altman: The Oral Biography. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-26768-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-26768-9">978-0-307-26768-9</a></li> <li>Description and details on the <a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts_Soundtrack" class="mw-redirect" title="Short Cuts Soundtrack">Short Cuts Soundtrack</a> for more in-depth information about this title.</li> <li>Helene Keyssar, Robert Altman's America. Oxford, 1991.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Altman&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lib.umich.edu/collections/collecting-areas/special-collections-and-archives/screen-arts-mavericks-and-makers/robert-altman/">Finding Aids for the Robert Altman Papers (1945–2007)</a>, Special Collections Library, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000265/">Robert Altman</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/14032">Robert Altman</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55163#P1220" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iobdb.com/CreditableEntity/15691">Robert Altman</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Off-Broadway_Database" title="Internet Off-Broadway Database">Internet Off-Broadway Database</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55163#P4456" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.criterion.com/explore/82-robert-altman">Robert Altman</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Criterion_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Criterion Collection">Criterion Collection</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sounds.bl.uk/View.aspx?item=024M-C0095X0140XX-0100V0.xml">Listen to Robert Altman discussing his career</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119102143/http://sounds.bl.uk/View.aspx?item=024M-C0095X0140XX-0100V0.xml">Archived</a> January 19, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – a British Library recording.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/altman.html">Robert Altman bibliography</a> via UC Berkeley Media Resources Center.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/weekend/story/0,3605,1205890,00.html">Still up to mischief</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, May 1, 2004.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reverseshot.com/article/robert_altman">Reverse Shot interview</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061121/PEOPLE/60424007">Ebert's Altman Home Companion</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130208152010/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20061121%2FPEOPLE%2F60424007">Archived</a> February 8, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geraldpeary.com/interviews/abc/altman.html">Gerald Peary interview</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061210180559/http://www.geraldpeary.com/interviews/abc/altman.html">Archived</a> December 10, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virtual-history.com/movie/person/1459/robert-altman">Literature on Robert Altman</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19740407/PEOPLE/903099998">"Altman: Would you go to a movie that was hailed as a masterpiece?" by Roger Ebert</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120722224720/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19740407%2FPEOPLE%2F903099998">Archived</a> July 22, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bombsite.com/issues/68/articles/2237">Bomb magazine interview</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111113072750/http://bombsite.com/issues/68/articles/2237">Archived</a> November 13, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hyenaproductions.com/robert-altman.aspx">Artist of the Month: Robert Altman at Hyena Productions</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111106145706/http://www.hyenaproductions.com/robert-altman.aspx">Archived</a> November 6, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hellisforhyphenates.com/blog/2014/06/30/june-2014/">The films of Robert Altman</a>, Hell Is For Hyphenates, June 30, 2014.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fieldday.ie/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Stephen-Rea.pdf">Robert Altman Obituary, by Stephen Rea, 'Field Day Review 3' (Dublin, 2007)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7rT3JchDHo">Robert Altman receiving the Academy Honorary Award in 2006</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>, 11 min.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZpcVU_Ugvg">Robert Altman on the Dick Cavett Show</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>, 7 min.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=un-J1i24zhQ">Documentary on the making of Robert Altman's Short Cuts</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>, 90 min.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-OUZNa6Oe4o">Documentary: Robert Altman in England</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>, 60 min.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Robert_Altman107" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Robert_Altman" title="Template:Robert Altman"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Robert_Altman" title="Template talk:Robert Altman"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Robert_Altman" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Robert Altman"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Robert_Altman107" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman_filmography" title="Robert Altman filmography">Filmography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Feature films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Delinquents_(1957_film)" title="The Delinquents (1957 film)">The Delinquents</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countdown_(1967_film)" title="Countdown (1967 film)">Countdown</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/That_Cold_Day_in_the_Park" title="That Cold Day in the Park">That Cold Day in the Park</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(film)" title="M*A*S*H (film)">M*A*S*H</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewster_McCloud" title="Brewster McCloud">Brewster McCloud</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCabe_%26_Mrs._Miller" title="McCabe & Mrs. Miller">McCabe & Mrs. Miller</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Images_(film)" title="Images (film)">Images</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Goodbye_(film)" title="The Long Goodbye (film)">The Long Goodbye</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thieves_Like_Us_(film)" title="Thieves Like Us (film)">Thieves Like Us</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Split" title="California Split">California Split</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Bill_and_the_Indians,_or_Sitting_Bull%27s_History_Lesson" title="Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson">Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Women" title="3 Women">3 Women</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Wedding_(1978_film)" title="A Wedding (1978 film)">A Wedding</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintet_(film)" title="Quintet (film)">Quintet</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Perfect_Couple" title="A Perfect Couple">A Perfect Couple</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_(film)" title="Health (film)">HealtH</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popeye_(film)" title="Popeye (film)">Popeye</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Come_Back_to_the_5_%26_Dime,_Jimmy_Dean,_Jimmy_Dean_(film)" title="Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (film)">Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streamers_(film)" title="Streamers (film)">Streamers</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Honor" title="Secret Honor">Secret Honor</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fool_for_Love_(1985_film)" title="Fool for Love (1985 film)">Fool for Love</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyond_Therapy_(film)" title="Beyond Therapy (film)">Beyond Therapy</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O.C._and_Stiggs" title="O.C. and Stiggs">O.C. and Stiggs</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_%26_Theo" title="Vincent & Theo">Vincent & Theo</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Player_(1992_film)" title="The Player (1992 film)">The Player</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_Cuts" title="Short Cuts">Short Cuts</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-Porter_(film)" title="Prêt-à-Porter (film)">Prêt-à-Porter</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_(film)" title="Kansas City (film)">Kansas City</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gingerbread_Man_(film)" title="The Gingerbread Man (film)">The Gingerbread Man</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookie%27s_Fortune" title="Cookie's Fortune">Cookie's Fortune</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._T_%26_the_Women" title="Dr. T & the Women">Dr. T & the Women</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosford_Park" title="Gosford Park">Gosford Park</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Company_(film)" title="The Company (film)">The Company</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Prairie_Home_Companion_(film)" title="A Prairie Home Companion (film)">A Prairie Home Companion</a> (2006)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aria_(1987_film)" title="Aria (1987 film)">Les Boréades</a> (1987)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documentaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_James_Dean_Story" title="The James Dean Story">The James Dean Story</a> (1957)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nightmare_in_Chicago" title="Nightmare in Chicago">Nightmare in Chicago</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Laundromat_(1985_film)" title="The Laundromat (1985 film)">The Laundromat</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanner_%2788" title="Tanner '88">Tanner '88</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanner_on_Tanner" title="Tanner on Tanner">Tanner on Tanner</a> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Robert_Altman152" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Robert_Altman152" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Robert_Altman" title="List of awards and nominations received by Robert Altman">Awards for Robert Altman</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Academy_Honorary_Award73" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Template:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Template talk:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Honorary Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Honorary_Award73" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Honorary_Award" title="Academy Honorary Award">Academy Honorary Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1928–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Temple" title="Shirley Temple">Shirley Temple</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._W._Griffith" title="D. W. Griffith">D. W. Griffith</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_March_of_Time" title="The March of Time">The March of Time</a> / <a href="/wiki/W._Howard_Greene" title="W. Howard Greene">W. Howard Greene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Rosson" title="Harold Rosson">Harold Rosson</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Bergen" title="Edgar Bergen">Edgar Bergen</a> / <a href="/wiki/W._Howard_Greene" title="W. Howard Greene">W. Howard Greene</a> / <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art_Department_of_Film" title="Museum of Modern Art Department of Film">Museum of Modern Art Film Library</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mack_Sennett" title="Mack Sennett">Mack Sennett</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Ball_(inventor)" title="Joseph A. Ball (inventor)">J. Arthur Ball</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> / <a href="/wiki/Deanna_Durbin" title="Deanna Durbin">Deanna Durbin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rooney" title="Mickey Rooney">Mickey Rooney</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Jennings" title="Gordon Jennings">Gordon Jennings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Domela" title="Jan Domela">Jan Domela</a>, Devereaux Jennings, Irmin Roberts, Art Smith, <a href="/wiki/Farciot_Edouart" title="Farciot Edouart">Farciot Edouart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loyal_Griggs" title="Loyal Griggs">Loyal Griggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loren_L._Ryder" title="Loren L. Ryder">Loren L. Ryder</a>, Harry D. Mills, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Mesenkop" title="Louis Mesenkop">Louis Mesenkop</a>, Walter Oberst / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_T._Marsh" title="Oliver T. Marsh">Oliver T. Marsh</a> and Allen Davey / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Warner" title="Harry Warner">Harry Warner</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Fairbanks" title="Douglas Fairbanks">Douglas Fairbanks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Cameron_Menzies" title="William Cameron Menzies">William Cameron Menzies</a> / <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_%26_Television_Fund" title="Motion Picture & Television Fund">Motion Picture Relief Fund</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jean_Hersholt" title="Jean Hersholt">Jean Hersholt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Morgan" title="Ralph Morgan">Ralph Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Block" title="Ralph Block">Ralph Block</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Nagel" title="Conrad Nagel">Conrad Nagel</a>) / <a href="/wiki/Vantiva" title="Vantiva">Technicolor SA</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Levinson" title="Nathan Levinson">Nathan Levinson</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Garity" title="William Garity">William Garity</a>, John N. A. Hawkins, and the <a href="/wiki/RCA" title="RCA">RCA Manufacturing Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Stokowski" title="Leopold Stokowski">Leopold Stokowski</a> and his associates / Rey Scott / <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)">British Ministry of Information</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boyer" title="Charles Boyer">Charles Boyer</a> / <a href="/wiki/No%C3%ABl_Coward" title="Noël Coward">Noël Coward</a> / <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pal" title="George Pal">George Pal</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Margaret_O%27Brien" title="Margaret O'Brien">Margaret O'Brien</a> (1944)</li> <li>Republic Studio, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Bloomberg" title="Daniel J. Bloomberg">Daniel J. Bloomberg</a>, and the Republic Studio Sound Department / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Wanger" title="Walter Wanger">Walter Wanger</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_House_I_Live_In_(1945_film)" title="The House I Live In (1945 film)">The House I Live In</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Ann_Garner" title="Peggy Ann Garner">Peggy Ann Garner</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Russell" title="Harold Russell">Harold Russell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Lubitsch" title="Ernst Lubitsch">Ernst Lubitsch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claude_Jarman_Jr." title="Claude Jarman Jr.">Claude Jarman Jr.</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Baskett" title="James Baskett">James Baskett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Armat" title="Thomas Armat">Thomas Armat</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Selig" title="William Selig">William Nicholas Selig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_E._Smith_(producer)" title="Albert E. Smith (producer)">Albert E. Smith</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Kirke_Spoor" title="George Kirke Spoor">George Kirke Spoor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bill_and_Coo" title="Bill and Coo">Bill and Coo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shoeshine_(film)" title="Shoeshine (film)">Shoeshine</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Wanger" title="Walter Wanger">Walter Wanger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Monsieur_Vincent" title="Monsieur Vincent">Monsieur Vincent</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sid_Grauman" title="Sid Grauman">Sid Grauman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Zukor" title="Adolph Zukor">Adolph Zukor</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Hersholt" title="Jean Hersholt">Jean Hersholt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Thieves" title="Bicycle Thieves">The Bicycle Thief</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Murphy" title="George Murphy">George Murphy</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_Walls_of_Malapaga" title="The Walls of Malapaga">The Walls of Malapaga</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rashomon" title="Rashomon">Rashomon</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merian_C._Cooper" title="Merian C. Cooper">Merian C. Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_Lloyd" title="Harold Lloyd">Harold Lloyd</a> / George Mitchell / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Schenck" title="Joseph M. Schenck">Joseph M. Schenck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Forbidden_Games" title="Forbidden Games">Forbidden Games</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Studios" title="20th Century Studios">20th Century-Fox Film Corporation</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bell_%26_Howell" title="Bell & Howell">Bell & Howell Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Breen" title="Joseph Breen">Joseph Breen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pete_Smith_(film_producer)" title="Pete Smith (film producer)">Pete Smith</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bausch_%26_Lomb" title="Bausch & Lomb">Bausch & Lomb Optical Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a> / Kemp Niver / <a href="/wiki/Greta_Garbo" title="Greta Garbo">Greta Garbo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jon_Whiteley" title="Jon Whiteley">Jon Whiteley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Winter" title="Vincent Winter">Vincent Winter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gate_of_Hell_(film)" title="Gate of Hell (film)">Gate of Hell</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samurai_I:_Musashi_Miyamoto" title="Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto">Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Cantor" title="Eddie Cantor">Eddie Cantor</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Broncho_Billy_Anderson" title="Broncho Billy Anderson">Gilbert M. "Broncho Billy" Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a> / <a href="/wiki/B._B._Kahane" title="B. B. Kahane">B. B. Kahane</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier" title="Maurice Chevalier">Maurice Chevalier</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Buster Keaton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lee_de_Forest" title="Lee de Forest">Lee de Forest</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Cooper" title="Gary Cooper">Gary Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stan_Laurel" title="Stan Laurel">Stan Laurel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hayley_Mills" title="Hayley Mills">Hayley Mills</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Hendricks" title="William L. Hendricks">William L. Hendricks</a> / Fred L. Metzler / <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Tuttle" title="William J. Tuttle">William J. Tuttle</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakima_Canutt" title="Yakima Canutt">Yakima Canutt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Y._Frank_Freeman" title="Y. Frank Freeman">Y. Frank Freeman</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chambers_(make-up_artist)" title="John Chambers (make-up artist)">John Chambers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Onna_White" title="Onna White">Onna White</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cary_Grant" title="Cary Grant">Cary Grant</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a> / <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1971)</li> <li>Charles S. Boren / <a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Robinson" title="Edward G. Robinson">Edward G. Robinson</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Langlois" title="Henri Langlois">Henri Langlois</a> / <a href="/wiki/Groucho_Marx" title="Groucho Marx">Groucho Marx</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Hawks" title="Howard Hawks">Howard Hawks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Jean Renoir</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Pickford" title="Mary Pickford">Mary Pickford</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Booth" title="Margaret Booth">Margaret Booth</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Lantz" title="Walter Lantz">Walter Lantz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> / <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art Department of Film</a> (1978)</li> <li>Hal Elias / <a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rooney" title="Mickey Rooney">Mickey Rooney</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Roach" title="Hal Roach">Hal Roach</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts" title="National Endowment for the Arts">National Endowment for the Arts</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alex_North" title="Alex North">Alex North</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bellamy" title="Ralph Bellamy">Ralph Bellamy</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodak" title="Kodak">Eastman Kodak Company</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Board_of_Canada" title="National Film Board of Canada">National Film Board of Canada</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Kerr" title="Deborah Kerr">Deborah Kerr</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Jones" title="Chuck Jones">Chuck Jones</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kidd" title="Michael Kidd">Michael Kidd</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lehman" title="Ernest Lehman">Ernest Lehman</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_O%27Toole" title="Peter O'Toole">Peter O'Toole</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Edwards" title="Blake Edwards">Blake Edwards</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (2004)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Boyle" title="Robert F. Boyle">Robert F. Boyle</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bacall" title="Lauren Bacall">Lauren Bacall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Corman" title="Roger Corman">Roger Corman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Willis" title="Gordon Willis">Gordon Willis</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brownlow" title="Kevin Brownlow">Kevin Brownlow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eli_Wallach" title="Eli Wallach">Eli Wallach</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dick_Smith_(make-up_artist)" title="Dick Smith (make-up artist)">Dick Smith</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._A._Pennebaker" title="D. A. Pennebaker">D. A. Pennebaker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hal_Needham" title="Hal Needham">Hal Needham</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Stevens_Jr." title="George Stevens Jr.">George Stevens Jr.</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Piero_Tosi" title="Piero Tosi">Piero Tosi</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Carri%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Claude Carrière">Jean-Claude Carrière</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maureen_O%27Hara" title="Maureen O'Hara">Maureen O'Hara</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gena_Rowlands" title="Gena Rowlands">Gena Rowlands</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Chan" title="Jackie Chan">Jackie Chan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Stalmaster" title="Lynn Stalmaster">Lynn Stalmaster</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_V._Coates" title="Anne V. Coates">Anne V. Coates</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wiseman" title="Frederick Wiseman">Frederick Wiseman</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burnett_(director)" title="Charles Burnett (director)">Charles Burnett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Owen_Roizman" title="Owen Roizman">Owen Roizman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sutherland" title="Donald Sutherland">Donald Sutherland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Agnès Varda</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Levy_(publicist)" title="Marvin Levy (publicist)">Marvin Levy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lalo_Schifrin" title="Lalo Schifrin">Lalo Schifrin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cicely_Tyson" title="Cicely Tyson">Cicely Tyson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wes_Studi" title="Wes Studi">Wes Studi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lina_Wertm%C3%BCller" title="Lina Wertmüller">Lina Wertmüller</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Jackson" title="Samuel L. Jackson">Samuel L. Jackson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elaine_May" title="Elaine May">Elaine May</a> / <a href="/wiki/Liv_Ullmann" title="Liv Ullmann">Liv Ullmann</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euzhan_Palcy" title="Euzhan Palcy">Euzhan Palcy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Diane_Warren" title="Diane Warren">Diane Warren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Bassett" title="Angela Bassett">Angela Bassett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Littleton" title="Carol Littleton">Carol Littleton</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/Juliet_Taylor" title="Juliet Taylor">Juliet Taylor</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director52" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FFA07A"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director52" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/AARP_Movies_for_Grownups_Award_for_Best_Director" title="AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director">AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Schumacher" title="Joel Schumacher">Joel Schumacher</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gilroy" title="Tony Gilroy">Tony Gilroy</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Daldry" title="Stephen Daldry">Stephen Daldry</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baz_Luhrmann" title="Baz Luhrmann">Baz Luhrmann</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Audiard" title="Jacques Audiard">Jacques Audiard</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Direction59" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Direction" title="Template:BAFTA Award for Best Direction"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Direction" title="Template talk:BAFTA Award for Best Direction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Direction" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA Award for Best Direction"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Direction59" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Direction" title="BAFTA Award for Best Direction">BAFTA Award for Best Direction</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BDB76B;width:1%;background: #C5B358">1968–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Roy_Hill" title="George Roy Hill">George Roy Hill</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Fosse" title="Bob Fosse">Bob Fosse</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Parker" title="Alan Parker">Alan Parker</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Malle" title="Louis Malle">Louis Malle</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Forsyth" title="Bill Forsyth">Bill Forsyth</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Wenders" title="Wim Wenders">Wim Wenders</a> (1984)</li> <li>No Award (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Malle" title="Louis Malle">Louis Malle</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Branagh" title="Kenneth Branagh">Kenneth Branagh</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Parker" title="Alan Parker">Alan Parker</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Newell_(director)" title="Mike Newell (director)">Mike Newell</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Radford" title="Michael Radford">Michael Radford</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baz_Luhrmann" title="Baz Luhrmann">Baz Luhrmann</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BDB76B;width:1%;background: #C5B358">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengrass" title="Paul Greengrass">Paul Greengrass</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Hazanavicius" title="Michel Hazanavicius">Michel Hazanavicius</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Affleck" title="Ben Affleck">Ben Affleck</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Chazelle" title="Damien Chazelle">Damien Chazelle</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Berger" title="Edward Berger">Edward Berger</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brady_Corbet" title="Brady Corbet">Brady Corbet</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BFI_Fellowship_recipients63" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_Film_Institute_Fellowship" title="Template:British Film Institute Fellowship"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_Film_Institute_Fellowship" title="Template talk:British Film Institute Fellowship"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_Film_Institute_Fellowship" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British Film Institute Fellowship"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="BFI_Fellowship_recipients63" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute_Fellowship" title="British Film Institute Fellowship">BFI Fellowship recipients</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Marcel Carné</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Emeric_Pressburger" title="Emeric Pressburger">Emeric Pressburger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> / <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Bernstein,_Baron_Bernstein" title="Sidney Bernstein, Baron Bernstein">Sidney Bernstein</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Knatchbull,_7th_Baron_Brabourne" title="John Knatchbull, 7th Baron Brabourne">John Brabourne</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Isaacs" title="Jeremy Isaacs">Jeremy Isaacs</a> / <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Kerr" title="Deborah Kerr">Deborah Kerr</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dilys_Powell" title="Dilys Powell">Dilys Powell</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Bogarde" title="Dirk Bogarde">Dirk Bogarde</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elem_Klimov" title="Elem Klimov">Elem Klimov</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Greene" title="Graham Greene">Graham Greene</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Smith_(producer)" title="Anthony Smith (producer)">Anthony Smith</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Ashcroft" title="Peggy Ashcroft">Peggy Ashcroft</a> / <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Francis_(film_archivist)" title="David Francis (film archivist)">David Francis</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Jarman" title="Derek Jarman">Derek Jarman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Kie%C5%9Blowski" title="Krzysztof Kieślowski">Krzysztof Kieślowski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Hardcastle" title="Leslie Hardcastle">Leslie Hardcastle</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Smith" title="Maggie Smith">Maggie Smith</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> / <a href="/wiki/Denis_Forman" title="Denis Forman">Denis Forman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maureen_O%27Hara" title="Maureen O'Hara">Maureen O'Hara</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Roeg" title="Nicolas Roeg">Nicolas Roeg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean_Simmons" title="Jean Simmons">Jean Simmons</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Parkinson" title="Michael Parkinson">Michael Parkinson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lynda_La_Plante" title="Lynda La Plante">Lynda La Plante</a> / <a href="/wiki/Verity_Lambert" title="Verity Lambert">Verity Lambert</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Puttnam" title="David Puttnam">David Puttnam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Samuelson" title="Sydney Samuelson">Sydney Samuelson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_Yentob" title="Alan Yentob">Alan Yentob</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thomas" title="Jeremy Thomas">Jeremy Thomas</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Getty_Jr." title="John Paul Getty Jr.">John Paul Getty Jr.</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (2000)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Gilbert" title="Lewis Gilbert">Lewis Gilbert</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bob_Weinstein" title="Bob Weinstein">Bob Weinstein</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Kiarostami" title="Abbas Kiarostami">Abbas Kiarostami</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ousmane_Semb%C3%A8ne" title="Ousmane Sembène">Ousmane Sembène</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Davies" title="Terence Davies">Terence Davies</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souleymane_Ciss%C3%A9_(film_director)" title="Souleymane Cissé (film director)">Souleymane Cissé</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Hurt" title="John Hurt">John Hurt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Rose_(producer)" title="David Rose (producer)">David Rose</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Huppert" title="Isabelle Huppert">Isabelle Huppert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Fiennes" title="Ralph Fiennes">Ralph Fiennes</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Forbes" title="Bryan Forbes">Bryan Forbes</a> / <a href="/wiki/Helena_Bonham_Carter" title="Helena Bonham Carter">Helena Bonham Carter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lester" title="Richard Lester">Richard Lester</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_French" title="Philip French">Philip French</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lee" title="Christopher Lee">Christopher Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Frears" title="Stephen Frears">Stephen Frears</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cate_Blanchett" title="Cate Blanchett">Cate Blanchett</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Grant" title="Hugh Grant">Hugh Grant</a> / <a href="/wiki/Greg_Dyke" title="Greg Dyke">Greg Dyke</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Morgan" title="Peter Morgan">Peter Morgan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengrass" title="Paul Greengrass">Paul Greengrass</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_Colman" title="Olivia Colman">Olivia Colman</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanda_Nevill" title="Amanda Nevill">Amanda Nevill</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_G._Wilson" title="Michael G. Wilson">Michael G. Wilson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Broccoli" title="Barbara Broccoli">Barbara Broccoli</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director58" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #40E0D0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director58" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director">Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Vittorio_Taviani" title="Paolo and Vittorio Taviani">Paolo Taviani and Vittorio Taviani</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Tavernier" title="Bertrand Tavernier">Bertrand Tavernier</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Frears" title="Stephen Frears">Stephen Frears</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._Russell" title="David O. Russell">David O. Russell</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_Crowe" title="Cameron Crowe">Cameron Crowe</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Coppola" title="Sofia Coppola">Sofia Coppola</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yimou" title="Zhang Yimou">Zhang Yimou</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Schnabel" title="Julian Schnabel">Julian Schnabel</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Chazelle" title="Damien Chazelle">Damien Chazelle</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynne_Ramsay" title="Lynne Ramsay">Lynne Ramsay</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryusuke_Hamaguchi" title="Ryusuke Hamaguchi">Ryusuke Hamaguchi</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Field" title="Todd Field">Todd Field</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Baker_(filmmaker)" title="Sean Baker (filmmaker)">Sean Baker</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay170" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #40E0D0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template talk:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay170" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay">Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #40E0D0;width:1%">Screenplay (1980–2021)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Gregory" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Gregory">Andre Gregory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Shawn" title="Wallace Shawn">Wallace Shawn</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Levinson" title="Barry Levinson">Barry Levinson</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Cox" title="Alex Cox">Alex Cox</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Shelton" title="Ron Shelton">Ron Shelton</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Kazan" title="Nicholas Kazan">Nicholas Kazan</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Jordan" title="Neil Jordan">Neil Jordan</a> (1992)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> and Frank Barhydt (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Avary" title="Roger Avary">Roger Avary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Thompson" title="Emma Thompson">Emma Thompson</a> (1995)</li> <li>Joseph Tropiano and <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Tucci" title="Stanley Tucci">Stanley Tucci</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Helgeland" title="Brian Helgeland">Brian Helgeland</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Frank" title="Scott Frank">Scott Frank</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie Kaufman</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_Crowe" title="Cameron Crowe">Cameron Crowe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_Kloves" title="Steve Kloves">Steve Kloves</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie and Donald Kaufman</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shari_Springer_Berman_and_Robert_Pulcini" title="Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini">Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Futterman" title="Dan Futterman">Dan Futterman</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Monahan" title="William Monahan">William Monahan</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Bird" title="Brad Bird">Brad Bird</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Lance_Black" title="Dustin Lance Black">Dustin Lance Black</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Zaillian" title="Steven Zaillian">Steven Zaillian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Kushner" title="Tony Kushner">Tony Kushner</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Holofcener" title="Nicole Holofcener">Nicole Holofcener</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Giacobone" title="Nicolás Giacobone">Nicolás Giacobone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dinelaris_Jr." title="Alexander Dinelaris Jr.">Alexander Dinelaris Jr.</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Armando_B%C3%B3_(screenwriter)" title="Armando Bó (screenwriter)">Armando Bo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McCarthy_(director)" title="Tom McCarthy (director)">Tom McCarthy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Josh_Singer" title="Josh Singer">Josh Singer</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Holofcener" title="Nicole Holofcener">Nicole Holofcener</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Whitty" title="Jeff Whitty">Jeff Whitty</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie Kaufman</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryusuke_Hamaguchi" title="Ryusuke Hamaguchi">Ryusuke Hamaguchi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Takamasa_Oe" title="Takamasa Oe">Takamasa Oe</a> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #40E0D0;width:1%">Original Screenplay (2022–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McDonagh" title="Martin McDonagh">Martin McDonagh</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hemingson" title="David Hemingson">David Hemingson</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Baker_(filmmaker)" title="Sean Baker (filmmaker)">Sean Baker</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #40E0D0;width:1%">Adapted Screenplay (2022–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kogonada" title="Kogonada">Kogonada</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RaMell_Ross" title="RaMell Ross">RaMell Ross</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joslyn_Barnes" title="Joslyn Barnes">Joslyn Barnes</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cannes_Film_Festival_Award_for_Best_Director84" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cannes_Film_Festival_Best_Director_Award" title="Template:Cannes Film Festival Best Director Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cannes_Film_Festival_Best_Director_Award" title="Template talk:Cannes Film Festival Best Director Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cannes_Film_Festival_Best_Director_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cannes Film Festival Best Director Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cannes_Film_Festival_Award_for_Best_Director84" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director">Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1946–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Cl%C3%A9ment" title="René Clément">René Clément</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Cl%C3%A9ment" title="René Clément">René Clément</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian-Jaque" title="Christian-Jaque">Christian-Jaque</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Dassin" title="Jules Dassin">Jules Dassin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Vasilyev_(director)" title="Sergei Vasilyev (director)">Sergei Vasilyev</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yutkevich" title="Sergei Yutkevich">Sergei Yutkevich</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuliya_Solntseva" title="Yuliya Solntseva">Yuliya Solntseva</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liviu_Ciulei" title="Liviu Ciulei">Liviu Ciulei</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yutkevich" title="Sergei Yutkevich">Sergei Yutkevich</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_K%C3%B3sa" title="Ferenc Kósa">Ferenc Kósa</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vojt%C4%9Bch_Jasn%C3%BD" title="Vojtěch Jasný">Vojtěch Jasný</a> / <a href="/wiki/Glauber_Rocha" title="Glauber Rocha">Glauber Rocha</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Jancs%C3%B3" title="Miklós Jancsó">Miklós Jancsó</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Brault" title="Michel Brault">Michel Brault</a> / <a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ettore_Scola" title="Ettore Scola">Ettore Scola</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagisa_%C5%8Cshima" title="Nagisa Ōshima">Nagisa Ōshima</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Herzog" title="Werner Herzog">Werner Herzog</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Tarkovsky" title="Andrei Tarkovsky">Andrei Tarkovsky</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Tavernier" title="Bertrand Tavernier">Bertrand Tavernier</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_T%C3%A9chin%C3%A9" title="André Téchiné">André Téchiné</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Wenders" title="Wim Wenders">Wim Wenders</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Solanas" title="Fernando Solanas">Fernando Solanas</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_Kusturica" title="Emir Kusturica">Emir Kusturica</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Lungin" title="Pavel Lungin">Pavel Lungin</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanni_Moretti" title="Nanni Moretti">Nanni Moretti</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathieu_Kassovitz" title="Mathieu Kassovitz">Mathieu Kassovitz</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wong_Kar-wai" title="Wong Kar-wai">Wong Kar-wai</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Yang" title="Edward Yang">Edward Yang</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Im_Kwon-taek" title="Im Kwon-taek">Im Kwon-taek</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gatlif" title="Tony Gatlif">Tony Gatlif</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Haneke" title="Michael Haneke">Michael Haneke</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro González Iñárritu</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Schnabel" title="Julian Schnabel">Julian Schnabel</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuri_Bilge_Ceylan" title="Nuri Bilge Ceylan">Nuri Bilge Ceylan</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brillante_Mendoza" title="Brillante Mendoza">Brillante Mendoza</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathieu_Amalric" title="Mathieu Amalric">Mathieu Amalric</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Winding_Refn" title="Nicolas Winding Refn">Nicolas Winding Refn</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Reygadas" title="Carlos Reygadas">Carlos Reygadas</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amat_Escalante" title="Amat Escalante">Amat Escalante</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennett_Miller" title="Bennett Miller">Bennett Miller</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hou_Hsiao-hsien" title="Hou Hsiao-hsien">Hou Hsiao-hsien</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Assayas" title="Olivier Assayas">Olivier Assayas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cristian_Mungiu" title="Cristian Mungiu">Cristian Mungiu</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Coppola" title="Sofia Coppola">Sofia Coppola</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawe%C5%82_Pawlikowski" title="Paweł Pawlikowski">Paweł Pawlikowski</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardenne_brothers" title="Dardenne brothers">Dardenne brothers</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leos_Carax" title="Leos Carax">Leos Carax</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Chan-wook" title="Park Chan-wook">Park Chan-wook</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tran_Anh_Hung" title="Tran Anh Hung">Tran Anh Hung</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Gomes_(director)" title="Miguel Gomes (director)">Miguel Gomes</a> (2024)</li></ul> 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template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director60" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director">Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis" title="Robert Zemeckis">Robert Zemeckis</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(filmmaker)" title="George Miller (filmmaker)">George Miller</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RaMell_Ross" title="RaMell Ross">RaMell Ross</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Directors_Guild_of_America_Lifetime_Achievement_Award_–_Feature_Film74" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #ABCDEF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm" title="Template:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm" title="Template talk:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm" title="Special:EditPage/Template:DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardLifetimeFilm"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Directors_Guild_of_America_Lifetime_Achievement_Award_–_Feature_Film74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America_Lifetime_Achievement_Award_%E2%80%93_Feature_Film" title="Directors Guild of America Lifetime Achievement Award – Feature Film">Directors Guild of America Lifetime Achievement Award – Feature Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_King_(director)" title="Henry King (director)">Henry King</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Borzage" title="Frank Borzage">Frank Borzage</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_A._Wellman" title="William A. Wellman">William A. Wellman</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouben_Mamoulian" title="Rouben Mamoulian">Rouben Mamoulian</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wise" title="Robert Wise">Robert Wise</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1992)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ivory" title="James Ivory">James Ivory</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Jewison" title="Norman Jewison">Norman Jewison</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_for_a_Drama_Series109" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EmmyAward_DirectingDrama" title="Template:EmmyAward DirectingDrama"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EmmyAward_DirectingDrama" title="Template talk:EmmyAward DirectingDrama"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward_DirectingDrama" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward DirectingDrama"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_for_a_Drama_Series109" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_for_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series">Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Smight" title="Jack Smight">Jack Smight</a> for "Eddie" (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mulligan" title="Robert Mulligan">Robert Mulligan</a> for The Moon and Sixpence (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Schaefer_(director)" title="George Schaefer (director)">George Schaefer</a> for <a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1960_American_film)" title="Macbeth (1960 American film)">Macbeth</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_J._Schaffner" title="Franklin J. Schaffner">Franklin J. Schaffner</a> for <a href="/wiki/The_Defenders_(1961_TV_series)" title="The Defenders (1961 TV series)">The Defenders</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Rosenberg" title="Stuart Rosenberg">Stuart Rosenberg</a> for "The Madman" (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Gries" title="Tom Gries">Tom Gries</a> for "Who Do You Kill?" (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bogart" title="Paul Bogart">Paul Bogart</a> for "The 700 Year Old Gang" (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Pollack" title="Sydney Pollack">Sydney Pollack</a> for "The Game" (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Segal" title="Alex Segal">Alex Segal</a> for <a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesman_(1966_American_film)" title="Death of a Salesman (1966 American film)">Death of a Salesman</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bogart" title="Paul Bogart">Paul Bogart</a> for "Dear Friends" (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Greene_(director)" title="David Greene (director)">David Greene</a> for "The People Next Door" (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bogart" title="Paul Bogart">Paul Bogart</a> for "Shadow Game" (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daryl_Duke" title="Daryl Duke">Daryl Duke</a> for "The Day the Lion Died" (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Singer" title="Alexander Singer">Alexander Singer</a> for "The Invasion of Kevin Ireland" (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Thorpe" title="Jerry Thorpe">Jerry Thorpe</a> for "An Eye for an Eye" (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Butler_(director)" title="Robert Butler (director)">Robert Butler</a> for "Part III" (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Bain_(director)" title="Bill Bain (director)">Bill Bain</a> for "A Sudden Storm" (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Greene_(director)" title="David Greene (director)">David Greene</a> for "Part I: Chapters 1 & 2" (Rich Man, Poor Man) (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Greene_(director)" title="David Greene (director)">David Greene</a> for "Part 1" (<a href="/wiki/Roots_(1977_miniseries)" title="Roots (1977 miniseries)">Roots</a>) (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Chomsky" title="Marvin J. Chomsky">Marvin J. Chomsky</a> for <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_(miniseries)" title="Holocaust (miniseries)">Holocaust</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Cooper" title="Jackie Cooper">Jackie Cooper</a> for "Pilot" (The White Shadow) (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Young_(director)" title="Roger Young (director)">Roger Young</a> for "Cop" (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Butler_(director)" title="Robert Butler (director)">Robert Butler</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Hill_Street_Station" title="Hill Street Station">Hill Street Station</a>"(1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Harris_(director)" title="Harry Harris (director)">Harry Harris</a> for "To Soar and Never Falter" (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bleckner" title="Jeff Bleckner">Jeff Bleckner</a> for "Life in the Minors" (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corey_Allen" title="Corey Allen">Corey Allen</a> for "Goodbye, Mr. Scripps" (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Arthur" title="Karen Arthur">Karen Arthur</a> for "Heat" (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Stanford_Brown" title="Georg Stanford Brown">Georg Stanford Brown</a> for "Parting Shots" (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Hoblit" title="Gregory Hoblit">Gregory Hoblit</a> for "Pilot" (L.A. Law) (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Tinker" title="Mark Tinker">Mark Tinker</a> for "Weigh In, Way Out" (1988)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> for "The Boiler Room" (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carter_(director)" title="Thomas Carter (director)">Thomas Carter</a> for "Promises to Keep" / <a href="/wiki/Scott_Winant" title="Scott Winant">Scott Winant</a> for "The Go-Between" (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carter_(director)" title="Thomas Carter (director)">Thomas Carter</a> for "In Confidence" (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Laneuville" title="Eric Laneuville">Eric Laneuville</a> for "All God's Children" (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Levinson" title="Barry Levinson">Barry Levinson</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Gone_for_Goode" title="Gone for Goode">Gone for Goode</a>" (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sackheim" title="Daniel Sackheim">Daniel Sackheim</a> for "Tempest in a C-Cup" (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Leder" title="Mimi Leder">Mimi Leder</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Labor_Lost_(ER)" title="Love's Labor Lost (ER)">Love's Labor Lost</a>" (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Kagan" title="Jeremy Kagan">Jeremy Kagan</a> for "Leave of Absence" (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Tinker" title="Mark Tinker">Mark Tinker</a> for "Where's 'Swaldo?" (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Tinker" title="Mark Tinker">Mark Tinker</a> for "Pilot" (Brooklyn South) / <a href="/wiki/Paris_Barclay" title="Paris Barclay">Paris Barclay</a> for "Lost Israel, Part 2" (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Barclay" title="Paris Barclay">Paris Barclay</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Hearts_and_Souls" title="Hearts and Souls">Hearts and Souls</a>" (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schlamme" title="Thomas Schlamme">Thomas Schlamme</a> for <a href="/wiki/Pilot_(The_West_Wing)" title="Pilot (The West Wing)">"Pilot" (The West Wing)</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schlamme" title="Thomas Schlamme">Thomas Schlamme</a> for "In the Shadow of Two Gunmen: Part I" & "Part II" (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Ball_(screenwriter)" title="Alan Ball (screenwriter)">Alan Ball</a> for <a href="/wiki/Pilot_(Six_Feet_Under)" title="Pilot (Six Feet Under)">"Pilot" (Six Feet Under)</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Misiano" title="Christopher Misiano">Christopher Misiano</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Twenty_Five_(The_West_Wing)" title="Twenty Five (The West Wing)">Twenty Five</a>" (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Hill" title="Walter Hill">Walter Hill</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Deadwood_(Deadwood_episode)" title="Deadwood (Deadwood episode)">Deadwood</a>" (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._J._Abrams" title="J. J. Abrams">J. J. Abrams</a> for <a href="/wiki/Pilot_(Lost)" title="Pilot (Lost)">"Pilot" (Lost)</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Cassar" title="Jon Cassar">Jon Cassar</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Day_5:_7:00_a.m._%E2%80%93_8:00_a.m." title="Day 5: 7:00 a.m. – 8:00 a.m.">Day 5: 7:00 a.m. – 8:00 a.m.</a>" (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Taylor_(director)" title="Alan Taylor (director)">Alan Taylor</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Kennedy_and_Heidi" title="Kennedy and Heidi">Kennedy and Heidi</a>" (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Yaitanes" title="Greg Yaitanes">Greg Yaitanes</a> for "<a href="/wiki/House%27s_Head" title="House's Head">House's Head</a>" (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Holcomb" title="Rod Holcomb">Rod Holcomb</a> for "<a href="/wiki/And_in_the_End..." title="And in the End...">And in the End...</a>" (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Shill" title="Steve Shill">Steve Shill</a> for "<a href="/wiki/The_Getaway_(Dexter)" title="The Getaway (Dexter)">The Getaway</a>" (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Boardwalk_Empire_(Boardwalk_Empire_episode)" title="Boardwalk Empire (Boardwalk Empire episode)">Boardwalk Empire</a>" (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Van_Patten" title="Tim Van Patten">Tim Van Patten</a> for "<a href="/wiki/To_the_Lost" title="To the Lost">To the Lost</a>" (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Chapter_1_(House_of_Cards)" title="Chapter 1 (House of Cards)">Chapter 1</a>" (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cary_Joji_Fukunaga" title="Cary Joji Fukunaga">Cary Joji Fukunaga</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Who_Goes_There_(True_Detective)" title="Who Goes There (True Detective)">Who Goes There</a>" (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Nutter" title="David Nutter">David Nutter</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Mercy" title="Mother's Mercy">Mother's Mercy</a>" (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Sapochnik" title="Miguel Sapochnik">Miguel Sapochnik</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bastards" title="Battle of the Bastards">Battle of the Bastards</a>" (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_Morano" title="Reed Morano">Reed Morano</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Offred_(The_Handmaid%27s_Tale_episode)" title="Offred (The Handmaid's Tale episode)">Offred</a>" (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Daldry" title="Stephen Daldry">Stephen Daldry</a> for "Paterfamilias" (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Bateman" title="Jason Bateman">Jason Bateman</a> for "Reparations" (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrij_Parekh" title="Andrij Parekh">Andrij Parekh</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Hunting_(Succession)" title="Hunting (Succession)">Hunting</a>" (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Hobbs" title="Jessica Hobbs">Jessica Hobbs</a> for "War" (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwang_Dong-hyuk" title="Hwang Dong-hyuk">Hwang Dong-hyuk</a> for "Red Light, Green Light" (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Mylod" title="Mark Mylod">Mark Mylod</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Connor%27s_Wedding" title="Connor's Wedding">Connor's Wedding</a>" (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_E._O._Toye" title="Frederick E. O. Toye">Frederick E. O. Toye</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Crimson_Sky" title="Crimson Sky">Crimson Sky</a>" (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_Society_of_Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute_Honorees88" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute" title="Template:Lincoln Center Gala Tribute"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute" title="Template talk:Lincoln Center Gala Tribute"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lincoln Center Gala Tribute"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_Society_of_Lincoln_Center_Gala_Tribute_Honorees88" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film_Society_of_Lincoln_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Film Society of Lincoln Center"> Film Society of Lincoln Center Gala Tribute Honorees</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Woodward" title="Joanne Woodward">Joanne Woodward</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colbert" title="Claudette Colbert">Claudette Colbert</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1986) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Montand" title="Yves Montand">Yves Montand</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1993)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Sarandon" title="Susan Sarandon">Susan Sarandon</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (2005) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Lange" title="Jessica Lange">Jessica Lange</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Keaton" title="Diane Keaton">Diane Keaton</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> (2010) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (2011) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Reiner" title="Rob Reiner">Rob Reiner</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Freeman" title="Morgan Freeman">Morgan Freeman</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cate_Blanchett" title="Cate Blanchett">Cate Blanchett</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viola_Davis" title="Viola Davis">Viola Davis</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bridges" title="Jeff Bridges">Jeff Bridges</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> (2025)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director76" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #CFB53B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Golden Globe Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director76" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Director">Golden Globe Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%">1943–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_King_(director)" title="Henry King (director)">Henry King</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_McCarey" title="Leo McCarey">Leo McCarey</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rossen" title="Robert Rossen">Robert Rossen</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Benedek" title="László Benedek">László Benedek</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Logan" title="Joshua Logan">Joshua Logan</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Vincente Minnelli</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kramer" title="Stanley Kramer">Stanley Kramer</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jarrott" title="Charles Jarrott">Charles Jarrott</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Hiller" title="Arthur Hiller">Arthur Hiller</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Ross" title="Herbert Ross">Herbert Ross</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cimino" title="Michael Cimino">Michael Cimino</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Costner" title="Kevin Costner">Kevin Costner</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis" title="Robert Zemeckis">Robert Zemeckis</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Gibson" title="Mel Gibson">Mel Gibson</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #CFB53B;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Schnabel" title="Julian Schnabel">Julian Schnabel</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Affleck" title="Ben Affleck">Ben Affleck</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Chazelle" title="Damien Chazelle">Damien Chazelle</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brady_Corbet" title="Brady Corbet">Brady Corbet</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement65" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Template:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Template talk:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement65" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement">Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1969–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Marcel Carné</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anatoli_Golovnya" title="Anatoli Golovnya">Anatoli Golovnya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Blasetti" title="Alessandro Blasetti">Alessandro Blasetti</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kluge" title="Alexander Kluge">Alexander Kluge</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> / <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yutkevich" title="Sergei Yutkevich">Sergei Yutkevich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Zavattini" title="Cesare Zavattini">Cesare Zavattini</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Vittorio_Taviani" title="Paolo and Vittorio Taviani">Paolo and Vittorio Taviani</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Comencini" title="Luigi Comencini">Luigi Comencini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joris_Ivens" title="Joris Ivens">Joris Ivens</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Jancs%C3%B3" title="Miklós Jancsó">Miklós Jancsó</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Monicelli" title="Mario Monicelli">Mario Monicelli</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gian_Maria_Volont%C3%A9" title="Gian Maria Volonté">Gian Maria Volonté</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Villaggio" title="Paolo Villaggio">Paolo Villaggio</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suso_Cecchi_d%27Amico" title="Suso Cecchi d'Amico">Suso Cecchi d'Amico</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_De_Santis" title="Giuseppe De Santis">Giuseppe De Santis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Lombardo" title="Goffredo Lombardo">Goffredo Lombardo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alain_Resnais" title="Alain Resnais">Alain Resnais</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Sordi" title="Alberto Sordi">Alberto Sordi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Monica_Vitti" title="Monica Vitti">Monica Vitti</a> (1995)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Gassman" title="Vittorio Gassman">Vittorio Gassman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Morgan" title="Michèle Morgan">Michèle Morgan</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alida_Valli" title="Alida Valli">Alida Valli</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lewis" title="Jerry Lewis">Jerry Lewis</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Risi" title="Dino Risi">Dino Risi</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_De_Laurentiis" title="Dino De Laurentiis">Dino De Laurentiis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Omar_Sharif" title="Omar Sharif">Omar Sharif</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoel_de_Oliveira" title="Manoel de Oliveira">Manoel de Oliveira</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stefania_Sandrelli" title="Stefania Sandrelli">Stefania Sandrelli</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermanno_Olmi" title="Ermanno Olmi">Ermanno Olmi</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lasseter" title="John Lasseter">John Lasseter</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woo" title="John Woo">John Woo</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Bellocchio" title="Marco Bellocchio">Marco Bellocchio</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rosi" title="Francesco Rosi">Francesco Rosi</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wiseman" title="Frederick Wiseman">Frederick Wiseman</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Tavernier" title="Bertrand Tavernier">Bertrand Tavernier</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Belmondo" title="Jean-Paul Belmondo">Jean-Paul Belmondo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Skolimowski" title="Jerzy Skolimowski">Jerzy Skolimowski</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Hui" title="Ann Hui">Ann Hui</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Benigni" title="Roberto Benigni">Roberto Benigni</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Lee_Curtis" title="Jamie Lee Curtis">Jamie Lee Curtis</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liliana_Cavani" title="Liliana Cavani">Liliana Cavani</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tony_Leung_Chiu-wai" title="Tony Leung Chiu-wai">Tony Leung Chiu-wai</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigourney_Weaver" title="Sigourney Weaver">Sigourney Weaver</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Honorary_Golden_Bear24" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Honorary_Golden_Bear" title="Template:Honorary Golden Bear"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Honorary_Golden_Bear" title="Template talk:Honorary Golden Bear"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Honorary_Golden_Bear" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Honorary Golden Bear"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Honorary_Golden_Bear24" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Honorary_Golden_Bear" title="Honorary Golden Bear">Honorary Golden Bear</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Delon" title="Alain Delon">Alain Delon</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Novak" title="Kim Novak">Kim Novak</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (2001)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anouk_Aim%C3%A9e" title="Anouk Aimée">Anouk Aimée</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Solanas" title="Fernando Solanas">Fernando Solanas</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Fern%C3%A1n_G%C3%B3mez" title="Fernando Fernán Gómez">Fernando Fernán Gómez</a> / <a href="/wiki/Im_Kwon-taek" title="Im Kwon-taek">Im Kwon-taek</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_McKellen" title="Ian McKellen">Ian McKellen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Penn" title="Arthur Penn">Arthur Penn</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rosi" title="Francesco Rosi">Francesco Rosi</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Kohlhaase" title="Wolfgang Kohlhaase">Wolfgang Kohlhaase</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hanna_Schygulla" title="Hanna Schygulla">Hanna Schygulla</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Mueller-Stahl" title="Armin Mueller-Stahl">Armin Mueller-Stahl</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Lanzmann" title="Claude Lanzmann">Claude Lanzmann</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Wenders" title="Wim Wenders">Wim Wenders</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ballhaus" title="Michael Ballhaus">Michael Ballhaus</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milena_Canonero" title="Milena Canonero">Milena Canonero</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Rampling" title="Charlotte Rampling">Charlotte Rampling</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Huppert" title="Isabelle Huppert">Isabelle Huppert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> (2025)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Director71" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #D8BFD8"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Independent Spirit Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Independent Spirit Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Independent Spirit Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Director71" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Independent Spirit Award for Best Director">Independent Spirit Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1987) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Men%C3%A9ndez" title="Ramón Menéndez">Ramon Menendez</a> (1988) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burnett_(director)" title="Charles Burnett (director)">Charles Burnett</a> (1990) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Coolidge" title="Martha Coolidge">Martha Coolidge</a> (1991) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Franklin" title="Carl Franklin">Carl Franklin</a> (1992) </li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1993) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Figgis" title="Mike Figgis">Mike Figgis</a> (1995) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> (1996) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Duvall" title="Robert Duvall">Robert Duvall</a> (1997) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wes_Anderson" title="Wes Anderson">Wes Anderson</a> (1998) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2000) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2001) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2002) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Coppola" title="Sofia Coppola">Sofia Coppola</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Dayton_and_Valerie_Faris" title="Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris">Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Schnabel" title="Julian Schnabel">Julian Schnabel</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McCarthy_(director)" title="Tom McCarthy (director)">Tom McCarthy</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Daniels" title="Lee Daniels">Lee Daniels</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darren_Aronofsky" title="Darren Aronofsky">Darren Aronofsky</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Hazanavicius" title="Michel Hazanavicius">Michel Hazanavicius</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._Russell" title="David O. Russell">David O. Russell</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McCarthy_(director)" title="Tom McCarthy (director)">Tom McCarthy</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Peele" title="Jordan Peele">Jordan Peele</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safdie_brothers" title="Safdie brothers">Safdie brothers</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Gyllenhaal" title="Maggie Gyllenhaal">Maggie Gyllenhaal</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celine_Song" title="Celine Song">Celine Song</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Baker_(filmmaker)" title="Sean Baker (filmmaker)">Sean Baker</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Screenplay73" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #D8BFD8"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template:Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template talk:Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Screenplay73" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Spirit_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay">Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horton_Foote" title="Horton Foote">Horton Foote</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Jimenez" title="Neal Jimenez">Neal Jimenez</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramon_Menendez" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramon Menendez">Ramon Menendez</a> and Tom Musca (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> and Daniel Yost (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burnett_(director)" title="Charles Burnett (director)">Charles Burnett</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Jimenez" title="Neal Jimenez">Neal Jimenez</a> (1992)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> and Frank Barhydt (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Avary" title="Roger Avary">Roger Avary</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_McQuarrie" title="Christopher McQuarrie">Christopher McQuarrie</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Smith" title="Kevin Smith">Kevin Smith</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Roos" title="Don Roos">Don Roos</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_White_(filmmaker)" title="Mike White (filmmaker)">Mike White</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Coppola" title="Sofia Coppola">Sofia Coppola</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Futterman" title="Dan Futterman">Dan Futterman</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Reitman" title="Jason Reitman">Jason Reitman</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Jenkins" title="Tamara Jenkins">Tamara Jenkins</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Neustadter" title="Scott Neustadter">Scott Neustadter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_H._Weber" title="Michael H. Weber">Michael H. Weber</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Blumberg" title="Stuart Blumberg">Stuart Blumberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Cholodenko" title="Lisa Cholodenko">Lisa Cholodenko</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Rash" title="Jim Rash">Jim Rash</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nat_Faxon" title="Nat Faxon">Nat Faxon</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._Russell" title="David O. Russell">David O. Russell</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ridley" title="John Ridley">John Ridley</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Gilroy" title="Dan Gilroy">Dan Gilroy</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McCarthy_(director)" title="Tom McCarthy (director)">Tom McCarthy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Josh_Singer" title="Josh Singer">Josh Singer</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tarell_Alvin_McCraney" title="Tarell Alvin McCraney">Tarell Alvin McCraney</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Holofcener" title="Nicole Holofcener">Nicole Holofcener</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Whitty" title="Jeff Whitty">Jeff Whitty</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_Baumbach" title="Noah Baumbach">Noah Baumbach</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D8BFD8;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Fennell" title="Emerald Fennell">Emerald Fennell</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Gyllenhaal" title="Maggie Gyllenhaal">Maggie Gyllenhaal</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord_Jefferson" title="Cord Jefferson">Cord Jefferson</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Eisenberg" title="Jesse Eisenberg">Jesse Eisenberg</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="London_Film_Critics&#039;_Circle_Award_for_Director_of_the_Year87" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #90EE90"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:London_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Director_of_the_Year" title="Template:London Film Critics Circle Award for Director of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:London_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Director_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:London Film Critics Circle Award for Director of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:London_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Director_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:London Film Critics Circle Award for Director of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="London_Film_Critics&#039;_Circle_Award_for_Director_of_the_Year87" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/London_Film_Critics%27_Circle_Award_for_Director_of_the_Year" title="London Film Critics' Circle Award for Director of the Year">London Film Critics' Circle Award for Director of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;width:1%">1980–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Roeg" title="Nicolas Roeg">Nicolas Roeg</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Jordan" title="Neil Jordan">Neil Jordan</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Joff%C3%A9" title="Roland Joffé">Roland Joffé</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Davies" title="Terence Davies">Terence Davies</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ivory" title="James Ivory">James Ivory</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Jonze" title="Spike Jonze">Spike Jonze</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #90EE90;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro González Iñárritu</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Noyce" title="Phillip Noyce">Phillip Noyce</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengrass" title="Paul Greengrass">Paul Greengrass</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Hazanavicius" title="Michel Hazanavicius">Michel Hazanavicius</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(filmmaker)" title="George Miller (filmmaker)">George Miller</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Nemes" title="László Nemes">László Nemes</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Baker_(filmmaker)" title="Sean Baker (filmmaker)">Sean Baker</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Field" title="Todd Field">Todd Field</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RaMell_Ross" title="RaMell Ross">RaMell Ross</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Director88" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:National Board of Review Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:National Board of Review Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Board of Review Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Director88" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Director" title="National Board of Review Award for Best Director">National Board of Review Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1945–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Jean Renoir</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Rossellini" title="Roberto Rossellini">Roberto Rossellini</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_De_Sica" title="Vittorio De Sica">Vittorio De Sica</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renato_Castellani" title="Renato Castellani">Renato Castellani</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Clayton" title="Jack Clayton">Jack Clayton</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Tony Richardson</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Davis" title="Desmond Davis">Desmond Davis</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Brooks" title="Richard Brooks">Richard Brooks</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Zeffirelli" title="Franco Zeffirelli">Franco Zeffirelli</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Russell" title="Ken Russell">Ken Russell</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Fosse" title="Bob Fosse">Bob Fosse</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1974)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_J._Pakula" title="Alan J. Pakula">Alan J. Pakula</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Parker" title="Alan Parker">Alan Parker</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Branagh" title="Kenneth Branagh">Kenneth Branagh</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Costner" title="Kevin Costner">Kevin Costner</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ivory" title="James Ivory">James Ivory</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shekhar_Kapur" title="Shekhar Kapur">Shekhar Kapur</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Minghella" title="Anthony Minghella">Anthony Minghella</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Field" title="Todd Field">Todd Field</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Noyce" title="Phillip Noyce">Phillip Noyce</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Zwick" title="Edward Zwick">Edward Zwick</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mann" title="Michael Mann">Michael Mann</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Jonze" title="Spike Jonze">Spike Jonze</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Cooper" title="Bradley Cooper">Bradley Cooper</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_M._Chu" title="Jon M. Chu">Jon M. Chu</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director85" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director85" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director">National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1966–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1974)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Malle" title="Louis Malle">Louis Malle</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Vittorio_Taviani" title="Paolo and Vittorio Taviani">Paolo Taviani and Vittorio Taviani</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Figgis" title="Mike Figgis">Mike Figgis</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_von_Trier" title="Lars von Trier">Lars von Trier</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yimou" title="Zhang Yimou">Zhang Yimou</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengrass" title="Paul Greengrass">Paul Greengrass</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Haneke" title="Michael Haneke">Michael Haneke</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryusuke_Hamaguchi" title="Ryusuke Hamaguchi">Ryusuke Hamaguchi</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Wells" title="Charlotte Wells">Charlotte Wells</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payal_Kapadia_(filmmaker)" title="Payal Kapadia (filmmaker)">Payal Kapadia</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director103" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director103" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director">New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1935–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouben_Mamoulian" title="Rouben Mamoulian">Rouben Mamoulian</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_La_Cava" title="Gregory La Cava">Gregory La Cava</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Farrow" title="John Farrow">John Farrow</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_McCarey" title="Leo McCarey">Leo McCarey</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wyler" title="William Wyler">William Wyler</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Reed" title="Carol Reed">Carol Reed</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kramer" title="Stanley Kramer">Stanley Kramer</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cardiff" title="Jack Cardiff">Jack Cardiff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rossen" title="Robert Rossen">Robert Rossen</a> (1961)</li> <li>No Award (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Tony Richardson</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nichols" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Rafelson" title="Bob Rafelson">Bob Rafelson</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1974)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_J._Pakula" title="Alan J. Pakula">Alan J. Pakula</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Pollack" title="Sydney Pollack">Sydney Pollack</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Menges" title="Chris Menges">Chris Menges</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_von_Trier" title="Lars von Trier">Lars von Trier</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Coppola" title="Sofia Coppola">Sofia Coppola</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Hazanavicius" title="Michel Hazanavicius">Michel Hazanavicius</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Baker_(filmmaker)" title="Sean Baker (filmmaker)">Sean Baker</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safdie_brothers" title="Safdie brothers">Joshua Safdie and Benjamin Safdie</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._S._Rajamouli" title="S. S. Rajamouli">S. S. Rajamouli</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RaMell_Ross" title="RaMell Ross">RaMell Ross</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Satellite_Auteur_Award108" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #A9BAA9"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Satellite_Auteur_Award" title="Template:Satellite Auteur Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Satellite_Auteur_Award" title="Template talk:Satellite Auteur Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Satellite_Auteur_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Satellite Auteur Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Satellite_Auteur_Award108" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Auteur_Award" title="Satellite Auteur Award">Satellite Auteur Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #A9BAA9;width:1%">Special Achievement Award (1999–2004)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Olson" title="Dale Olson">Dale Olson</a> (1999)</li> <li>No Award (2000)</li> <li>Meir Fenigstein (2001)</li> <li>No Award (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Dinklage" title="Peter Dinklage">Peter Dinklage</a> (2003)</li> <li>No Award (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #A9BAA9;width:1%">Auteur Award (2005–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a> (2005)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Altman</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Schnabel" title="Julian Schnabel">Julian Schnabel</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baz_Luhrmann" title="Baz Luhrmann">Baz Luhrmann</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Corman" title="Roger Corman">Roger Corman</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Gibney" title="Alex Gibney">Alex Gibney</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bogdanovich" title="Peter Bogdanovich">Peter Bogdanovich</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(songwriter)" title="Paul Williams (songwriter)">Paul Williams</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyn_Burke" title="Martyn Burke">Martyn Burke</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Young_(director)" title="Robert M. Young (director)">Robert M. Young</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Ford" title="Tom Ford">Tom Ford</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Coogler" title="Ryan Coogler">Ryan Coogler</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Norton" title="Edward Norton">Edward Norton</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Fennell" title="Emerald Fennell">Emerald Fennell</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin-Manuel_Miranda" title="Lin-Manuel Miranda">Lin-Manuel Miranda</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McDonagh" title="Martin McDonagh">Martin McDonagh</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorgos_Lanthimos" title="Yorgos Lanthimos">Yorgos Lanthimos</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Javier_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="F. Javier Gutiérrez">F. Javier Gutiérrez</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55163#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3992" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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/></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109174187">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/76394475">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/66274/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJm4MWdTvFVGdmtTRDfpfq">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11850231X">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81003475">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12364350j">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12364350j">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00511689">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV029112">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36097950">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0002127&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1266542">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071362533">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90161778">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000227569&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000520650&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201201573">Korea</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/1zcgkw1k4dfqnkv">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810623069905606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007603842105171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058608313006706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA09142489?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500250499">ULAN</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/fcf85680-9259-4f59-b649-9b3171c0acd4">MusicBrainz</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/404221">RKD Artists</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/32041">Museum of Modern Art</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/362377">Photographers' Identities</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/artists/robert-altman/1258">Grammy Awards</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmys.com/bios/robert-altman">Emmy Awards</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.performing-arts.eu/discovery/agent/gnd_11850231X">FID</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1211929">Trove</a></li><li><a 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