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id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-City_of_Gastronomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City_of_Gastronomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>City of Gastronomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City_of_Gastronomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Flooding_and_levee_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flooding_and_levee_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Flooding and levee system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flooding_and_levee_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Governance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Flag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Flag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arts_and_entertainment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_entertainment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Arts and entertainment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_entertainment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Utilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tram_and_rail_network" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tram_and_rail_network"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Tram and rail network</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tram_and_rail_network-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Airport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Port" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Port"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Port</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Port-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Launceston, Tasmania</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="لاونسستون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لاونسستون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonseston" title="Lonseston – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lonseston" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="لانسستون، تاسمانی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لانسستون، تاسمانی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Tasm%C3%A0nia)" title="Launceston (Tasmània) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Launceston (Tasmània)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(lungsod)" title="Launceston (lungsod) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Launceston (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston" title="Launceston – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Launceston" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Launceston, Tasmania" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Tasmanien)" title="Launceston (Tasmanien) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Launceston (Tasmanien)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Tasmania)" title="Launceston (Tasmania) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Launceston (Tasmania)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston" title="Launceston – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Launceston" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="لانسستون، تاسمانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لانسستون، تاسمانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Tasmanie)" title="Launceston (Tasmanie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Launceston (Tasmanie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston" title="Launceston – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Launceston" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston" title="Launceston – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Launceston" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%A0%EC%84%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B4" title="론서스턴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="론서스턴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Launceston, Tasmania" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8,_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="लाउंसेस्टन, तस्मानिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लाउंसेस्टन, तस्मानिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Launceston, Tasmania" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Australia)" title="Launceston (Australia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Launceston (Australia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="לונסטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לונסטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლონსესტონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლონსესტონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonsestonas" title="Lonsestonas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lonsestonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahetone" title="Rahetone – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Rahetone" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="لاونسستون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لاونسستون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Tasmani%C3%AB)" title="Launceston (Tasmanië) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Launceston (Tasmanië)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3" title="ローンセストン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ローンセストン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Austraalien)" title="Launceston (Austraalien) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Launceston (Austraalien)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonseston" title="Lonseston – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Lonseston" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Tasmania)" title="Launceston (Tasmania) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Launceston (Tasmania)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%86" title="لاونسسٹن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لاونسسٹن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonseston" title="Lonseston – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Lonseston" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Australia)" title="Launceston (Australia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Launceston (Australia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Tasm%C3%A2nia)" title="Launceston (Tasmânia) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Launceston (Tasmânia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Лонсестон (Тасмания) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лонсестон (Тасмания)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="लॉनसेसटन – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="लॉनसेसटन" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Launceston, Tasmania" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston" title="Launceston – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Launceston" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8E%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="لانسێستن، تاسمانیا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لانسێستن، تاسمانیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Лонсестон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лонсестон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston" title="Launceston – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Launceston" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston" title="Launceston – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Launceston" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmanien" title="Launceston, Tasmanien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Launceston, Tasmanien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D,_%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="லான்செசுடன், டாசுமேனியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லான்செசுடன், டாசுமேனியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Лонсестон (Тасманія) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лонсестон (Тасманія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="لانسسٹن، تسمانیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لانسسٹن، تسمانیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Launceston, Tasmania" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_(Laustral%C3%A4n)" title="Launceston (Laustralän) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Launceston (Laustralän)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Launceston, Tasmania" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tazmanya" title="Launceston, Tazmanya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Launceston, Tazmanya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%97%E5%A1%9E%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF_(%E5%A1%94%E6%96%AF%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E)" title="朗塞斯顿 (塔斯马尼亚州) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Launceston,_Tasmania&params=41_26_31_S_147_8_42_E_type:city(91,000)_region:AU-TAS"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°26′31″S</span> <span class="longitude">147°8′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.44194°S 147.14500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-41.44194; 147.14500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Tasmania, Australia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. For the <a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Tasmania" title="Local government areas of Tasmania">local government area</a>, see <a href="/wiki/City_of_Launceston" title="City of Launceston">City of Launceston</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="font-size: 125%; line-height: 1.3em; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><span class="fn org locality">Launceston</span><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:88%" class="region"><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:260px;max-width:260px"><div style="height:136px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Launie_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Launie_%28cropped%29.JPG/258px-Launie_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="258" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Launie_%28cropped%29.JPG/387px-Launie_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Launie_%28cropped%29.JPG/516px-Launie_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2568" data-file-height="1357" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Panorama</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:81px;max-width:81px"><div style="height:133px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston-Tasmania-Australia02_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="General Post Office"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Launceston-Tasmania-Australia02_%28cropped%29.JPG/79px-Launceston-Tasmania-Australia02_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="79" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Launceston-Tasmania-Australia02_%28cropped%29.JPG/119px-Launceston-Tasmania-Australia02_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Launceston-Tasmania-Australia02_%28cropped%29.JPG/158px-Launceston-Tasmania-Australia02_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1834" data-file-height="3108" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/General_Post_Office,_Launceston" title="General Post Office, Launceston">General Post Office</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:177px;max-width:177px"><div style="height:133px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Launceston Town Hall"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG/175px-Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG" decoding="async" width="175" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG/263px-Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG/350px-Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4961" data-file-height="3768" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Launceston_Town_Hall" title="Launceston Town Hall">Launceston Town Hall</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:138px;max-width:138px"><div style="height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_Albert_Hall_001_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Albert Hall"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Launceston_Albert_Hall_001_%28cropped%29.JPG/136px-Launceston_Albert_Hall_001_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="136" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Launceston_Albert_Hall_001_%28cropped%29.JPG/204px-Launceston_Albert_Hall_001_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Launceston_Albert_Hall_001_%28cropped%29.JPG/272px-Launceston_Albert_Hall_001_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4290" data-file-height="2794" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Hall,_Launceston" title="Albert Hall, Launceston">Albert Hall</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:120px;max-width:120px"><div style="height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Barbezat_Fountain_in_Prince%27s_Square,_Launceston.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Prince's Square"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/The_Barbezat_Fountain_in_Prince%27s_Square%2C_Launceston.JPG/118px-The_Barbezat_Fountain_in_Prince%27s_Square%2C_Launceston.JPG" decoding="async" width="118" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/The_Barbezat_Fountain_in_Prince%27s_Square%2C_Launceston.JPG/177px-The_Barbezat_Fountain_in_Prince%27s_Square%2C_Launceston.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/The_Barbezat_Fountain_in_Prince%27s_Square%2C_Launceston.JPG/236px-The_Barbezat_Fountain_in_Prince%27s_Square%2C_Launceston.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Prince%27s_Square" title="Prince's Square">Prince's Square</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:260px;max-width:260px"><div style="height:115px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_King%C2%B4s_Bridge_001_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="King's Bridge"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Launceston_King%C2%B4s_Bridge_001_%28cropped%29.JPG/258px-Launceston_King%C2%B4s_Bridge_001_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="258" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Launceston_King%C2%B4s_Bridge_001_%28cropped%29.JPG/387px-Launceston_King%C2%B4s_Bridge_001_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Launceston_King%C2%B4s_Bridge_001_%28cropped%29.JPG/516px-Launceston_King%C2%B4s_Bridge_001_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5593" data-file-height="2513" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Bridge_(Launceston)" title="King's Bridge (Launceston)">King's Bridge</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/220px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/330px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/440px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="427" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:210px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:210px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:210px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_Tasmania_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Launceston is located in Tasmania"><img alt="Launceston is located in Tasmania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Australia_Tasmania_location_map.svg/210px-Australia_Tasmania_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Australia_Tasmania_location_map.svg/315px-Australia_Tasmania_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Australia_Tasmania_location_map.svg/420px-Australia_Tasmania_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="957" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:48.839%;left:66.273%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Launceston"><img alt="Launceston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Launceston</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Launceston,_Tasmania&params=41_26_31_S_147_8_42_E_type:city(91,000)_region:AU-TAS"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°26′31″S</span> <span class="longitude">147°8′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.44194°S 147.14500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-41.44194; 147.14500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">90,953 (2021) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Australia_by_population" title="List of cities in Australia by population">21st</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002208895268718419♠"></span>208.895/km<sup>2</sup> (541.04/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1806</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_Australia" title="Postcodes in Australia">Postcode(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">7250</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">15 m (49 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">435.4 km<sup>2</sup> (168.1 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-ABSSUAProf_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABSSUAProf-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2011 urban)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Australia" title="Time in Australia">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Eastern_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Eastern Standard Time">AEST</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B10" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+10">UTC+10</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Eastern Daylight Time">AEDT</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B11" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+11">UTC+11</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li> 67 km (42 mi) SW of <a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Tasmania" title="Scottsdale, Tasmania">Scottsdale</a> </li><li> 101 km (63 mi) SE of <a href="/wiki/Devonport,_Tasmania" title="Devonport, Tasmania">Devonport</a> </li><li> 145 km (90 mi) SE of <a href="/wiki/Burnie" title="Burnie">Burnie</a> </li><li> 201 km (125 mi) N of <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a> </li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Tasmania" title="Local government areas of Tasmania">LGA(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Launceston" title="City of Launceston">City of Launceston</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Australia" title="List of regions of Australia">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North-east_LGA_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="North-east LGA Region">North-east</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Lands_administrative_divisions_of_Australia" title="Lands administrative divisions of Australia">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cornwall_Land_District" title="Cornwall Land District">Cornwall</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Electorates_of_the_Australian_states_and_territories" title="Electorates of the Australian states and territories">State electorate(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li> <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Bass_(state)" title="Division of Bass (state)">Bass</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Lyons_(state)" title="Division of Lyons (state)">Lyons</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives">Federal division(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li> <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Bass" title="Division of Bass">Bass</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Lyons" title="Division of Lyons">Lyons</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; border: 1px #ddd solid;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:33%;"><b>Mean max temp</b></td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:34%;"><b>Mean min temp</b></td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:33%;"><b>Annual rainfall</b></td> </tr><tr style="border: 1px #FFF solid" class="mergedrow"> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:33%;"> 18.6 °C <br />65 °F</td> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:34%;">7.4 °C <br />45 °F</td> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:33%;">687.0 mm <br />27 in</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="3" style="width:100%; border: 1px #ddd solid;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#f0f0ff;padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center;"><b>Localities around Launceston:</b></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Exeter,_Tasmania" title="Exeter, Tasmania">Exeter</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:34%;"><a href="/wiki/Weymouth,_Tasmania" title="Weymouth, Tasmania">Weymouth</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Lilydale,_Tasmania" title="Lilydale, Tasmania">Lilydale</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Deloraine,_Tasmania" title="Deloraine, Tasmania">Deloraine</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px 0px; width:34%;font-weight:bold;">Launceston</td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Barrow" title="Mount Barrow">Mount Barrow</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Great_Lake,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Lake, Tasmania">Great Lake</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:34%;"><a href="/wiki/Perth,_Tasmania" title="Perth, Tasmania">Perth</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; padding: 3px 0px; width:33%;"><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Town,_Tasmania" title="Campbell Town, Tasmania">Campbell Town</a></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Launceston</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/06\/En-au-Launceston.oga\/En-au-Launceston.oga.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-au-Launceston.oga"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/En-au-Launceston.oga/En-au-Launceston.oga.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-au-Launceston.oga" title="File:En-au-Launceston.oga">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a city in the north of <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>, Australia, at the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/North_Esk_River" title="North Esk River">North Esk</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Esk_River" title="South Esk River">South Esk</a> rivers where they become the <a href="/wiki/Tamar_River,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamar River, Tasmania">Tamar River</a> (kanamaluka). As of 2021, the Launceston urban area has a population of 90,953.<sup id="cite_ref-2021CENSUS_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021CENSUS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launceston is the second most populous city in Tasmania after the state capital, <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AJEM-Flood-Atkins-2009_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AJEM-Flood-Atkins-2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launceston is the fifth-largest inland city and the ninth-largest non-capital city in Australia. Launceston is regarded as the most livable regional city,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was one of the most popular regional cities to move to in Australia from 2020 to 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launceston was named Australian Town of the Year in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Settled by Europeans in March 1806, Launceston is one of Australia's oldest cities and it has many historic buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like many places in Australia, it was named after a town in the United Kingdom – in this case, <a href="/wiki/Launceston,_Cornwall" title="Launceston, Cornwall">Launceston, Cornwall</a>. Launceston also had the first use of <a href="/wiki/Anaesthetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaesthetic">anaesthetic</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern Hemisphere</a>, it was the first Australian city to have underground <a href="/wiki/Sewerage" title="Sewerage">sewers</a>, and it was the first Australian city to be lit by <a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity" title="Hydroelectricity">hydroelectricity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-firsts_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-firsts-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has a <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">maritime</a> <a href="#Climate">climate</a> with four distinct seasons and is appreciably warmer than the south of the island during summer. Local government is split between the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Launceston" title="City of Launceston">City of Launceston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meander_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Meander Valley">Meander Valley</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Tamar_Council" title="West Tamar Council">West Tamar Councils</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Charles_Street,_Launceston,_c._1917.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Central_Charles_Street%2C_Launceston%2C_c._1917.jpg/220px-Central_Charles_Street%2C_Launceston%2C_c._1917.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Central_Charles_Street%2C_Launceston%2C_c._1917.jpg/330px-Central_Charles_Street%2C_Launceston%2C_c._1917.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Central_Charles_Street%2C_Launceston%2C_c._1917.jpg/440px-Central_Charles_Street%2C_Launceston%2C_c._1917.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1449" data-file-height="902" /></a><figcaption>Central Charles Street, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1917</span></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wesleyan_Chapel_and_Mission-Premises,_Launceston,_Van-Diemen%27s_Island_(p.66,_June_1855)_-_Copy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wesleyan_Chapel_and_Mission-Premises%2C_Launceston%2C_Van-Diemen%27s_Island_%28p.66%2C_June_1855%29_-_Copy.jpg/280px-Wesleyan_Chapel_and_Mission-Premises%2C_Launceston%2C_Van-Diemen%27s_Island_%28p.66%2C_June_1855%29_-_Copy.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wesleyan_Chapel_and_Mission-Premises%2C_Launceston%2C_Van-Diemen%27s_Island_%28p.66%2C_June_1855%29_-_Copy.jpg/420px-Wesleyan_Chapel_and_Mission-Premises%2C_Launceston%2C_Van-Diemen%27s_Island_%28p.66%2C_June_1855%29_-_Copy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wesleyan_Chapel_and_Mission-Premises%2C_Launceston%2C_Van-Diemen%27s_Island_%28p.66%2C_June_1855%29_-_Copy.jpg/560px-Wesleyan_Chapel_and_Mission-Premises%2C_Launceston%2C_Van-Diemen%27s_Island_%28p.66%2C_June_1855%29_-_Copy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1018" data-file-height="685" /></a><figcaption>Wesleyan Chapel and Mission-Premises, Launceston, Van-Diemen's Island (p.66, June 1855)<sup id="cite_ref-Offering1855_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Offering1855-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The first inhabitants of the area of Launceston were largely nomadic <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Tasmanians" title="Aboriginal Tasmanians">Aboriginal Tasmanians</a> believed to have been part of the Northern Midlands Nations. Three Nations made up the area around so called Launceston, the Stoney Creek Nation, Tyerenotepanner; Panninher and Lettermairrener.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The first <a href="/wiki/History_of_Australia_(1788%E2%80%931850)" title="History of Australia (1788–1850)">white explorers</a> did not arrive until 1798, when <a href="/wiki/George_Bass" title="George Bass">George Bass</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Flinders" title="Matthew Flinders">Matthew Flinders</a> were sent to explore the possibility that there was a strait between Australia and <a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Van Diemen's Land">Van Diemen's Land</a> (now Tasmania). They originally landed in Port Dalrymple (the mouth of the Tamar River), 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the north-west of Launceston.<sup id="cite_ref-Short_Launceston_History_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Short_Launceston_History-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first significant colonial settlement in the region dates from 1804, when the commandant of the <a href="/wiki/Colonial_forces_of_Australia" title="Colonial forces of Australia">colonial garrison.</a> Lt. Col. <a href="/wiki/William_Paterson_(explorer)" title="William Paterson (explorer)">William Paterson</a>, and his men set up a camp on the current site of <a href="/wiki/George_Town,_Tasmania" title="George Town, Tasmania">George Town</a>. A few weeks later, the settlement was moved across the river to <a href="/wiki/York_Town,_Tasmania" title="York Town, Tasmania">York Town</a>, and a year later was moved to its definitive position where Launceston stands.<sup id="cite_ref-Lady_Nelson_Logs_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lady_Nelson_Logs-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially, the settlement was called Patersonia; however, Paterson later changed the name to Launceston in honour of the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_South_Wales" title="Governor of New South Wales">New South Wales Governor</a> Captain <a href="/wiki/Philip_Gidley_King" title="Philip Gidley King">Philip Gidley King</a>, who was born in <a href="/wiki/Launceston,_Cornwall" title="Launceston, Cornwall">Launceston, Cornwall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tco_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tco-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name still survives in the tiny hamlet of Patersonia 18 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of Launceston. Paterson himself also served as <a href="/wiki/Governors_of_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Governors of Tasmania">Lieutenant-Governor of northern Van Diemen's Land</a> from 1804 to 1808.<sup id="cite_ref-Short_Launceston_History_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Short_Launceston_History-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The geographical area in which Launceston is now located was previously occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Tasmanians" title="Aboriginal Tasmanians">Aboriginal Tasmanian</a> <i>Letteremairrener</i> people. The <i>Letteremairrener</i> country encompasses most of the Tamar Valley region. In 1804, reports from early European voyagers describe a number of <i>Letteremairrener</i> camps, consisting of up to ten bark huts located on either side of the Tamar River.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Extensive archeological evidence suggests that occupation and usage of the Tamar basin can be dated from at least 7,000 years ago, although it was likely used as long as 35,000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Letteremairrener</i>, as seasonal hunter-gatherers, spent the winter months near George Town and the summer months residing on Ben Lomond, before returning to the banks of the Tamar River for the mutton-bird season.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell Macknight characterizes early colonial contact with the <i>Letteremairrener</i> people as a mixture of fear, curiosity and aggression.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After several aggressive encounters prompted by bands of <i>Letteremairrener</i> in 1806<i>,</i> most likely as revenge for the colonists trespassing and hunting on their land without permission, Colonel William Patterson, in charge of the new settlement in Launceston, led a series of putative skirmishes that were ostensibly continued by colonists until 1831.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These conflicts intensified from 1827 until 1831 during the period of the <a href="/wiki/Black_War" title="Black War">Black War</a>, with genocidal expeditions occurring within the <i>Letteremairrener</i> country and neighbouring areas.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1827, Launceston's population had climbed to 2,000 and the town had become an export centre, mainly for the colony's northern pastoral industry.<sup id="cite_ref-Short_Launceston_History_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Short_Launceston_History-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Small hotels and breweries began to emerge in the 1820s before larger, more "substantial" hotels were built in the 1830s. </p><p>Ships from Launceston carried parties of sealers to the islands of <a href="/wiki/Bass_Strait" title="Bass Strait">Bass Strait</a> early in the 19th century. They also took whalers to the coast of Victoria in the 1820s and 1830s where they established temporary bay whaling stations.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of these temporary communities, such as the ones at <a href="/wiki/Portland_Bay" title="Portland Bay">Portland Bay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Port_Fairy" title="Port Fairy">Port Fairy</a>, were the forerunner of permanent settlement of those places. Expeditions from Launceston were involved in the <a href="/wiki/Foundation_of_Melbourne" title="Foundation of Melbourne">Foundation of Melbourne</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Walter George Arthur, who petitioned <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> in 1847 while interned with other Aboriginal Tasmanians on <a href="/wiki/Flinders_Island" title="Flinders Island">Flinders Island</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lived for several years in Launceston as one of numerous homeless children, before being taken into custody by <a href="/wiki/George_Augustus_Robinson" title="George Augustus Robinson">George Augustus Robinson</a> who sent him to the Boys' Orphan School in <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a> in 1832.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Newer popular team sports such as <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">football</a> failed to be sustained in Launceston before the population grew substantially. The sports were initially middle class recreations, as the working class found it difficult to participate after a six-day working week. Nevertheless, a "demand for facilities" led to the upgrade of the <a href="/wiki/NTCA_Ground" title="NTCA Ground">Northern Tasmanian Cricket Association Ground</a> (NTCA Ground) among other sporting facilities in the 1860s. Not long beforehand, Tasmania played <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Australia">Victoria</a> in Australia's first <a href="/wiki/First-class_cricket" title="First-class cricket">first-class cricket</a> match at the NTCA Ground in 1851.<sup id="cite_ref-Green8-13_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green8-13-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Tin</a> was discovered at <a href="/wiki/Mount_Bischoff" title="Mount Bischoff">Mount Bischoff</a> in 1871 in north-western Tasmania, starting a minerals boom. Gold mining commenced about 50 kilometres (31 mi) away in <a href="/wiki/Beaconsfield,_Tasmania" title="Beaconsfield, Tasmania">Beaconsfield</a> in 1877.<sup id="cite_ref-Short_Launceston_History_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Short_Launceston_History-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the following two decades Launceston grew from a small town into an urban centre. In 1889, Launceston was the second town in Tasmania to be declared a city, after state capital <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tco_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tco-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the late 1880s, a small periodical called <i>Launceston Literary</i> contained stories as well as memoirs of the pioneering days of the region.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The publication was distributed from a store in the northern end of the town, and while largely forgotten today, was at the time considered relatively popular, if at times controversial.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021 census</a> the population of Launceston is 76,849. Launceston is the 21st most populous city in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 3.5% of the population.</li> <li>79.2% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 2.9%, Nepal 1.6%, India 1.5%, China 0.9% and New Zealand 0.8%.</li> <li>85.1% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Nepali 2.3%, Mandarin 1.2%, Punjabi 0.5%, Urdu 0.4% and Vietnamese 0.3%.</li> <li>The most common responses for religion were No Religion 47.9%, <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> 13.8% and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> 12.1%.<sup id="cite_ref-2021CENSUS_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021CENSUS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="City_of_Gastronomy">City of Gastronomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: City of Gastronomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Launceston's designation as a <a href="/wiki/City_of_Gastronomy" title="City of Gastronomy">UNESCO City of Gastronomy</a> in 2021 signifies global acknowledgment of this gastronomic paradise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_busy_downtown.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Summertime in Launceston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Launceston_busy_downtown.jpg/220px-Launceston_busy_downtown.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Launceston_busy_downtown.jpg/330px-Launceston_busy_downtown.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Launceston_busy_downtown.jpg/440px-Launceston_busy_downtown.jpg 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="267" /></a><figcaption>Brisbane Street, Launceston in summer.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_Launceston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Aerial_view_of_Launceston.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_of_Launceston.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Aerial_view_of_Launceston.jpg/330px-Aerial_view_of_Launceston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Aerial_view_of_Launceston.jpg/440px-Aerial_view_of_Launceston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1873" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of Launceston</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_bank_on_the_corner_of_John_and_Brisbane_St.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Launceston_bank_on_the_corner_of_John_and_Brisbane_St.jpg/220px-Launceston_bank_on_the_corner_of_John_and_Brisbane_St.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Launceston_bank_on_the_corner_of_John_and_Brisbane_St.jpg/330px-Launceston_bank_on_the_corner_of_John_and_Brisbane_St.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Launceston_bank_on_the_corner_of_John_and_Brisbane_St.jpg/440px-Launceston_bank_on_the_corner_of_John_and_Brisbane_St.jpg 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="404" /></a><figcaption>Heritage Bank of NSW, corner of St John and Brisbane Streets</figcaption></figure> <p>Launceston is at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Launceston,_Tasmania&params=41_26_31_S_147_8_42_E_type:city_region:AU-TAS"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°26′31″S</span> <span class="longitude">147°8′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.44194°S 147.14500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-41.44194; 147.14500</span></span></span></a></span></span> in the Tamar Valley, Northern Tasmania. The valley was formed by volcanic and glacial forces over 10 million years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-inthebeggining_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inthebeggining-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Geography_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geography-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city is about 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of the <a href="/wiki/Bass_Strait" title="Bass Strait">Bass Strait</a>, with its closest neighbour-city being <a href="/wiki/Devonport,_Tasmania" title="Devonport, Tasmania">Devonport</a>, about 99 kilometres (62 mi) to the north west.<sup id="cite_ref-height01_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-height01-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launceston combines steep (originally heavily wooded) ridges and low-lying areas (originally wetlands – with parts of the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Inveresk_and_York_Park_Precinct,_Launceston" title="Inveresk and York Park Precinct, Launceston">Inveresk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Invermay,_Tasmania" title="Invermay, Tasmania">Invermay</a> below high-tide level).<sup id="cite_ref-height02_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-height02-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, areas of Launceston are subject to <a href="/wiki/Landslip" class="mw-redirect" title="Landslip">landslip</a> problems, while others are liable to poor drainage and periodic flooding. The topography of the area is not conducive to easy dispersion of airborne pollution, due to the phenomenon of <a href="/wiki/Thermal_inversion" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermal inversion">thermal inversion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the 1990s, the city's air quality has improved. Studies indicate that 73% percent of air pollution in Launceston and surrounding areas during the winter period is caused by wood smoke, while about 8% is from motor vehicle pollution. During the early 1990s about 60% of households used wood heaters, but since the mid-2000s only 25–30% of households use wood heating.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 2011 Tasmanian Air Monitoring report, particulate matter met the Air NEPM goals starting in 2006, and did not exceed the <a href="/wiki/PM10" class="mw-redirect" title="PM10">PM10</a> standard in the years 2009–2011.<sup id="cite_ref-Tasmanian-Air-Monitoring-2011_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tasmanian-Air-Monitoring-2011-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Launceston is situated at the <a href="/wiki/Confluence" title="Confluence">confluence</a> of the <a href="/wiki/South_Esk_River" title="South Esk River">South Esk River</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_Esk_River" title="North Esk River">North Esk River</a>, forming the Tamar River <a href="/wiki/Estuary" title="Estuary">estuary</a>. It is used for commercial and recreational shipping and boating. In earlier years, oceangoing shipping used the river to obtain access to the Port of Launceston wharves located in the city centre and Invermay. The Port for Launceston is now located at the George Town suburb of <a href="/wiki/Bell_Bay,_Tasmania" title="Bell Bay, Tasmania">Bell Bay</a>, some 40 kilometres (25 mi) downstream on the east bank of the Tamar estuary, close to the river mouth. The South Esk River is the longest river in Tasmania. It starts in the North East Mountains near Roses Tier and flows through the Fingal Valley where it passes through the towns of <a href="/wiki/Fingal,_Tasmania" title="Fingal, Tasmania">Fingal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Avoca,_Tasmania" title="Avoca, Tasmania">Avoca</a> before flowing into the <a href="/wiki/Midlands_(Tasmania)" title="Midlands (Tasmania)">Northern Midlands</a> where it flows through the towns of <a href="/wiki/Evandale,_Tasmania" title="Evandale, Tasmania">Evandale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Tasmania" title="Perth, Tasmania">Perth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Longford,_Tasmania" title="Longford, Tasmania">Longford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hadspen,_Tasmania" title="Hadspen, Tasmania">Hadspen</a> before finally reaching Launceston via the <a href="/wiki/Cataract_Gorge" title="Cataract Gorge">Cataract Gorge</a>. The river is dammed at <a href="/wiki/Trevallyn_Dam" title="Trevallyn Dam">Lake Trevallyn</a> on the upper reaches of the Cataract Gorge, with water being diverted into the <a href="/wiki/Trevallyn_Power_Station" title="Trevallyn Power Station">Trevallyn Power Station</a> with runoff flowing into the remainder of the <a href="/wiki/Cataract_Gorge" title="Cataract Gorge">Cataract Gorge</a> and eventually merging with the Tamar River. The North Esk River starts in the Northallerton Valley in Tasmania's north-east mountains and winds its way to Launceston via the Corra Linn Gorge at <a href="/wiki/White_Hills,_Tasmania" title="White Hills, Tasmania">White Hills</a>. The St Patrick's River, the largest tributary of the North Esk, is dammed at <a href="/wiki/Nunamara,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Nunamara, Tasmania">Nunamara</a> to provide the majority of Launceston's town water since the mid-1800s. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Launceston_Panorama.jpg/600px-Launceston_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Launceston_Panorama.jpg/900px-Launceston_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Launceston_Panorama.jpg/1200px-Launceston_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="12019" data-file-height="3487" /></a><figcaption>Panorama of the <a href="/wiki/Confluence" title="Confluence">confluence</a> of the Tamar River and its tributaries, the <a href="/wiki/South_Esk_River" title="South Esk River">South Esk River</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_Esk_River" title="North Esk River">North Esk River</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flooding_and_levee_system">Flooding and levee system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Flooding and levee system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gorge_in_Flood.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gorge_in_Flood.jpg/220px-Gorge_in_Flood.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gorge_in_Flood.jpg/330px-Gorge_in_Flood.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gorge_in_Flood.jpg/440px-Gorge_in_Flood.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1360" /></a><figcaption>Cataract Gorge during 2003 Flood</figcaption></figure> <p>Since the 1960s, parts of Launceston have been protected by a series of flood <a href="/wiki/Levee" title="Levee">levees</a> that reach up to 4 metres (13 ft) in height as large portions of the suburbs Invermay and Newstead sit within a <a href="/wiki/Flood_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Flood plain">flood plain</a>. The last major flood occurred in <a href="/wiki/1929_Tasmanian_Floods" class="mw-redirect" title="1929 Tasmanian Floods">1929</a> when Invermay was completely devastated. More than 4,000 people were left homeless after just one night of flooding. Since then, there have only been minor floods.<sup id="cite_ref-AJEM-Flood-Atkins-2009_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AJEM-Flood-Atkins-2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-levees_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-levees-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Work was under way in 2011 on a $59 million flood levee upgrade that should protect the city from 1-in-200-year events, that was then expected to take five to six years to construct.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (March 2024)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> The council had acquired land used by eighteen businesses on the south side of Lindsay Street in Invermay, with businesses having until July 2009 to leave.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016 the Tamar River flooded resulting in the widespread flooding of low lying suburbs. The St Leonards and West Tamar Highways were temporarily closed as water levels rose, causing significant disruption to the city and loss of livestock.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Climate of Launceston, Tasmania">Climate of Launceston, Tasmania</a></div> <p>Launceston has an <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Cfb</i>), bordering on a warm-summer <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Csb</i>), with mild to warm, somewhat dry summers and cool damp winters with chilly nights. The city is located in the <a href="/wiki/Tamar_Valley,_Tasmania" title="Tamar Valley, Tasmania">Tamar Valley</a> and is surrounded by many large hills and mountains. With this type of topography, Launceston's weather patterns can change considerably in a short period. The warmest months are in January and February with an average air temperature range of 12.2 to 24.4 °C (54 to 76 °F). Throughout the year there is an average of 4.3 days a year over 30 °C (86 °F).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The maximum recorded temperature was 39 °C (102 °F) on 30 January 2009, with Launceston Airport reaching 40.4 °C (105 °F) on that same day, during the <a href="/wiki/Early_2009_southeastern_Australia_heat_wave" class="mw-redirect" title="Early 2009 southeastern Australia heat wave">2009 Southeastern Australia heat wave</a>. The city averages 67.3 clear days and 148.8 cloudy days per annum.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Winters are cool with minimum temperatures dropping below 2 °C (36 °F) an average of 61 days a year. The coldest month is July, with an average temperature range of 2.2 to 12.5 °C (36 to 55 °F). The lowest recorded minimum at Launceston's current weather station, Ti Tree Bend was −5.2 °C (22.6 °F) on 21 July 1991. Launceston very rarely receives <a href="/wiki/Snow_in_Australia" title="Snow in Australia">snowfall</a>, with snow falling in 1951 and 1986, and again on 3 August 2015, when most of the state received snowfall due to a cold front moving up from <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the night of 4 August 2020, Launceston received an inch of snow on the ground, with varying levels around the state.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Winter, for Launceston, is also the season with the least amount of wind. Because of this and the topographical effect of the Tamar Valley, Launceston winters are renowned for foggy mornings, with Launceston Airport the most fog-bound commercial airport in Australia. The average annual rainfall, with moderate to low variability, is 665 mm (26 in), falling on an average of 88.4 days a year. The most rain Ti Tree Bend has received in a year was 829.6 millimetres (32.66 in) in 1992, though Launceston Airport received 953.1 millimetres (37.52 in) in 1956. As in most of Tasmania 2006 was the driest year when just 394.8 millimetres (15.54 in) fell.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BoM_MR_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoM_MR-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Record_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Record-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Bureau of Meteorology reported that 2007 was the warmest year ever recorded in Launceston since temperatures were first recorded in 1884. Temperatures ranged from a minimum of 8.1 °C (46.6 °F) to a maximum of 19.2 °C (66.6 °F). During 2006 and 2007, Launceston had the hottest maxima throughout the state. In 2008, Launceston had the highest average maximum temperature out of all Tasmanian cities with 18.6 °C (65.5 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bom.gov.au_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bom.gov.au-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Climate_annual_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_annual-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Launceston (Ti Tree Bend, 1980–2023) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4<br />(93.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0<br />(91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7<br />(87.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.8<br />(92.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC68D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.7<br />(54.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2<br />(48.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br />(51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3<br />(27) </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.9<br />(23.2) </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.2<br />(22.6) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.6<br />(25.5) </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.4<br />(25.9) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.4<br />(29.5) </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.0<br />(28.4) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−5.2<br />(22.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #BBFFBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.5<br />(1.79) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(1.26) </td> <td style="background: #C1FFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.6<br />(1.64) </td> <td style="background: #AFFFAF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.6<br />(2.03) </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.4<br />(2.50) </td> <td style="background: #95FF95; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.7<br />(2.70) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.9<br />(3.11) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.0<br />(3.27) </td> <td style="background: #9DFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0<br />(2.48) </td> <td style="background: #B0FFB0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.0<br />(2.09) </td> <td style="background: #B0FFB0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.9<br />(2.00) </td> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.0<br />(1.89) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">681.6<br />(26.83) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #8D8DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #7171FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5 </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.9 </td> <td style="background: #4C4CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.5 </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.5 </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.8 </td> <td style="background: #7373FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">127.0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average afternoon <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48 </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49 </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48 </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #9DFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #94FF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #94FF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #9DFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #AEFFAE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52 </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49 </td> <td style="background: #A7FFA7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">57 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #EBEB03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">285.2 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA01; color:#000000;" class="notheme">256.9 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">241.8 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">198.0 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">155.0 </td> <td style="background: #BFBF2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.0 </td> <td style="background: #C0C022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">142.6 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">170.5 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">201.0 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">254.2 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">267.0 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA01; color:#000000;" class="notheme">282.1 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,589.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology" title="Bureau of Meteorology">Bureau of Meteorology</a> (1991–2020 averages;<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> extremes 1980–present)<sup id="cite_ref-pogoda_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pogoda-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Bureau of Meteorology, <a href="/wiki/Launceston_Airport" title="Launceston Airport">Launceston Airport</a> (1981–2004 sunshine hours)<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:74_Elphin_Rd_Newstead,_Launceston_TAS.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/74_Elphin_Rd_Newstead%2C_Launceston_TAS.JPG/220px-74_Elphin_Rd_Newstead%2C_Launceston_TAS.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/74_Elphin_Rd_Newstead%2C_Launceston_TAS.JPG/330px-74_Elphin_Rd_Newstead%2C_Launceston_TAS.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/74_Elphin_Rd_Newstead%2C_Launceston_TAS.JPG/440px-74_Elphin_Rd_Newstead%2C_Launceston_TAS.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Federation_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Federation style">Federation style</a> house in <a href="/wiki/Newstead,_Tasmania" title="Newstead, Tasmania">Newstead</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Many of the buildings in the city's central business district (CBD) were constructed in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and Launceston is a major location of <a href="/wiki/Federation_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Federation style">Federation style</a> housing.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launceston's many well preserved <a href="/wiki/Victorian_architecture" title="Victorian architecture">Victorian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Georgian_architecture" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian</a> buildings (including the <a href="/wiki/Launceston_synagogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Launceston synagogue">Launceston synagogue</a>, a rare example of architecture in <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian Revival">Egyptian Revival</a> style) together with its diverse collection of <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">art-deco</a> architecture (such as <a href="/wiki/Holyman_House" title="Holyman House">Holyman House</a> and Lucks Corner in the CBD, the former <a href="/wiki/Star_Theatre_(Invermay,_Tasmania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Theatre (Invermay, Tasmania)">Star Theatre</a> in Invermay and the former Launceston General Hospital)<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> give the city an unusual period ambience. 20th century examples of architecture that are part of the city include the Government offices of Henty House in Charles Street, the Police Station Building and the ANZ Building on the corner of Brisbane & George Street.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This is at least in part a matter of deliberate policy – concerns that high rise development might compromise the character of the city centre have led to strictly enforced building regulations that restrict the height of new structures in the city, so that most buildings in the CBD have fewer than five storeys.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG/220px-Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG/330px-Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG/440px-Launceston_Town_Hall_001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4961" data-file-height="3768" /></a><figcaption>Launceston Town Hall</figcaption></figure><p>Much of Launceston is contained within the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Launceston" title="City of Launceston">City of Launceston</a> <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Australia" title="Local government in Australia">local government area</a>, although some outer suburbs are part of adjacent council districts: for instance <a href="/wiki/Riverside,_Tasmania" title="Riverside, Tasmania">Riverside</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legana,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Legana, Tasmania">Legana</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Trevallyn,_Tasmania" title="Trevallyn, Tasmania">Trevallyn</a> are part of the <a href="/wiki/West_Tamar_Council" title="West Tamar Council">West Tamar Council</a>; <a href="/wiki/Prospect_Vale,_Tasmania" title="Prospect Vale, Tasmania">Prospect Vale</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blackstone_Heights,_Tasmania" title="Blackstone Heights, Tasmania">Blackstone Heights</a> are included in the <a href="/wiki/Meander_Valley_Council" title="Meander Valley Council">Meander Valley Council</a>. </p><p>Launceston City Council meetings are held in the Launceston Town Hall. The Mayor of the City of Launceston uses the honorific <a href="/wiki/The_Right_Worshipful" class="mw-redirect" title="The Right Worshipful">the Right Worshipful</a>. In 2002, <a href="/wiki/Janie_Dickenson" class="mw-redirect" title="Janie Dickenson">Janie Dickenson</a> became the youngest female elected mayor in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-ABC-NewDimensions-Mayor2003_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-NewDimensions-Mayor2003-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current mayor is Matthew Garwood, elected in 2023. The first previous mayor, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Van_Zetten" title="Albert Van Zetten">Albert Van Zetten</a>, was initially elected in 2007, before being re-elected in 2009, 2011, 2014 and 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> State <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Council" title="Tasmanian Legislative Council">Upper House</a> seats that incorporate parts of Launceston are the Electoral Divisions of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_division_of_Paterson" title="Electoral division of Paterson">Paterson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electoral_division_of_Windermere" title="Electoral division of Windermere">Windermere</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electoral_division_of_Rosevears" title="Electoral division of Rosevears">Rosevears</a>. For federal elections, Launceston falls within the <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Bass" title="Division of Bass">Division of Bass</a>, with the sitting member being Bridget Archer for the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia" title="Liberal Party of Australia">Liberal Party of Australia</a>, who won the seat in the 2019 election. The state Lower House seat is also called the <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Bass_(state)" title="Division of Bass (state)">Division of Bass</a>, and is one of the five electorates in the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_House_of_Assembly" title="Tasmanian House of Assembly">Tasmanian House of Assembly</a>. Both federal and state seats share common boundaries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flag">Flag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Flag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/220px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/330px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/440px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Launceston Flag</figcaption></figure> <p>The Launceston flag design is based on the city's Coat of Arms granted by the <a href="/wiki/College_of_Arms" title="College of Arms">College of Arms</a>, Seoul on 11 June 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-CoatofArms_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CoatofArms-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Brisbane Street Mall, the War memorial at Royal Park, atop the Council Chambers and on top of the Albert Hall are places in the city where the flag is regularly flown. Flying the flag is restricted to Council Property. The three intersecting lines in the flag represent the city's three rivers (North Esk, South Esk and Tamar) and the two rectangles in the lines represent <a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">tin</a> ingots. The strip across the top with the jagged edge is green to represent the city's parks, gardens and surrounding countryside. <a href="/wiki/Waratah" title="Waratah">Waratah</a> flowers at the top symbolise all flowers and similar beauties of nature. The ingots are included because Launceston used to be a large tin-smelting centre. The little circle at the river junction is Launceston. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tasmania" title="Economy of Tasmania">Economy of Tasmania</a></div> <p>Along with being a major retail centre with an average of 75% of market share in surrounding local councils, Launceston is a major service centre for the north of Tasmania.<sup id="cite_ref-LCC-Issues-2007-10_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LCC-Issues-2007-10-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city is home to a campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tasmania" title="University of Tasmania">University of Tasmania</a> including the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Maritime_College" title="Australian Maritime College">Australian Maritime College</a> and also has a minor minerals and manufacturing base. </p><p>Launceston is a major hub for the regional agricultural and pastoral activities. Historically, this has been connected with the growing of apples – in recent years the stress has moved to <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">viticulture</a>. Superfine <a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">wool</a> remains an important part of the rural economy of north-east Tasmania and wool sales in Launceston attract many international buyers.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The various agricultural industries in the district are supported by the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Institute_of_Agricultural_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research">Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research</a> which operates the Mount Pleasant Research Laboratories in the Launceston suburb of Prospect. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_perspective_of_Cataract_Gorge_and_the_Tamar_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aerial_perspective_of_Cataract_Gorge_and_the_Tamar_River.jpg/220px-Aerial_perspective_of_Cataract_Gorge_and_the_Tamar_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aerial_perspective_of_Cataract_Gorge_and_the_Tamar_River.jpg/330px-Aerial_perspective_of_Cataract_Gorge_and_the_Tamar_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Aerial_perspective_of_Cataract_Gorge_and_the_Tamar_River.jpg/440px-Aerial_perspective_of_Cataract_Gorge_and_the_Tamar_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8578" data-file-height="2914" /></a><figcaption>Aerial perspective of Cataract Gorge and its surrounds with the Tamar River</figcaption></figure> <p>Launceston serves as the commercial hub for the north of Tasmania, and like many parts of the state, is becoming a major tourist centre. Visitors to the city have grown over the past few years<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2024)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup>: during 2004 Launceston attracted 412,800 visitors, up 51% from 2001. The United Kingdom is the origin of 25% of all international visitors to the city and 17% originate from the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Cataract_Gorge" title="Cataract Gorge">Cataract Gorge</a> is Launceston's largest tourist attraction and is in close proximity to the city centre. It is home to the longest single span chairlift in the world, stretching 308 metres (1,010 ft) across the gorge.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launceston has many parks throughout the city including <a href="/wiki/Launceston_City_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Launceston City Park">City Park</a>, located next to the city centre. City Park is home to Albert Hall. The park also has a large enclosure for <a href="/wiki/Japanese_macaque" title="Japanese macaque">Japanese macaque</a> <a href="/wiki/Monkey" title="Monkey">monkeys</a>, a gift from sister city <a href="/wiki/Ikeda,_Osaka" title="Ikeda, Osaka">Ikeda</a>, Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/General_Post_Office,_Launceston" title="General Post Office, Launceston">Launceston General Post Office</a> is a heritage-listed building that dates back to the 1880s, with a clock tower added in the early twentieth century. The GPO clock chime chimes every quarter-hour, twenty-four hours a day.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tasmania_Zoo" title="Tasmania Zoo">Tasmania Zoo</a>, which is known for its wildlife conservation work, including a breeding program for <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_devil" title="Tasmanian devil">Tasmanian devils</a>, is located near the city.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts_and_entertainment">Arts and entertainment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Arts and entertainment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Launceston's <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery">Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery</a> was established in 1891.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Now the largest museum located outside a capital city in Australia, the Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery is located at two sites across the city: the original purpose-built building at Royal Park and another at the <a href="/wiki/Inveresk_and_York_Park_Precinct,_Launceston" title="Inveresk and York Park Precinct, Launceston">Inveresk Cultural Precinct</a>, on the grounds of the former railway station and rail yards in buildings largely converted from the former Railway Workshops.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The precinct also includes the Launceston Tramway Museum, which houses the No. 29 tram, the 'Mary St' shelter shed and a host of other memorabilia.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state's largest preservation railway, the <a href="/wiki/Don_River_Railway" title="Don River Railway">Don River Railway</a>, also has a carriage rebuilding workshop on the site. Australia's oldest bookshop, A.W. Birchall & Sons (Birchalls) dating from November 1844, was closed in 2017<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Princess_Theatre_at_night,_Launceston.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Princess_Theatre_at_night%2C_Launceston.JPG/220px-Princess_Theatre_at_night%2C_Launceston.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Princess_Theatre_at_night%2C_Launceston.JPG/330px-Princess_Theatre_at_night%2C_Launceston.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Princess_Theatre_at_night%2C_Launceston.JPG/440px-Princess_Theatre_at_night%2C_Launceston.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2600" data-file-height="1950" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Princess_Theatre_(Launceston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Theatre (Launceston)">Princess Theatre</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Located in the Southern Launceston suburb of <a href="/wiki/Prospect,_Tasmania" title="Prospect, Tasmania">Prospect</a>, the Country Club Casino is a hotel, casino and golf course complex. It was the second casino to be built in Tasmania and one of the first in Australia. <a href="/wiki/Launceston_Aquatic" title="Launceston Aquatic">Launceston Aquatic</a>, a $26.3 million regional aquatic centre was completed in July 2009. The site, just outside the central business district spans about 6,450 square metres (69,400 sq ft).<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1999 to 2003, Launceston was the site of three of the four <a href="/wiki/Gone_South" title="Gone South">Gone South</a> music festivals. From 2006 to 2011, it hosted the <a href="/wiki/MS_Fest" title="MS Fest">MS Fest</a>, a music festival held at the Inveresk Show grounds each summer to raise funds for <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a> research.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has since been replaced with the Breath of Life Festival from 2012 to 2014, a similar event held at the Inveresk show grounds to raise funds for <a href="/wiki/Lung_cancer" title="Lung cancer">lung cancer</a> research.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Launceston is also the host of the Junction Arts Festival. The Junction Arts Festival was first held in 2010, and spans five days in the Launceston CBD each year.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Festival program changes each year, and includes various art forms, including music, dance, visual and interactive art, short films and live performances, from local, national and international artists.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery.jpg/600px-Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery.jpg/900px-Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery.jpg/1200px-Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7188" data-file-height="2021" /></a><figcaption>Looking towards the Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Tasmania" title="Sport in Tasmania">Sport in Tasmania</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawthorn_v_Western_Bulldogs_-_31st_May_2008_181.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Hawthorn_v_Western_Bulldogs_-_31st_May_2008_181.jpg/220px-Hawthorn_v_Western_Bulldogs_-_31st_May_2008_181.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Hawthorn_v_Western_Bulldogs_-_31st_May_2008_181.jpg/330px-Hawthorn_v_Western_Bulldogs_-_31st_May_2008_181.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Hawthorn_v_Western_Bulldogs_-_31st_May_2008_181.jpg/440px-Hawthorn_v_Western_Bulldogs_-_31st_May_2008_181.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>An AFL match at UTAS Stadium</figcaption></figure> <p>Sport is a popular recreational and spectator activity in Launceston and like most of the state, <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a> are popular sports. The city has been the birthplace of two prominent Australian cricketers; the former Australian cricket captain <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Ponting" title="Ricky Ponting">Ricky Ponting</a> and the retired cricketer and Australian selector <a href="/wiki/David_Boon" title="David Boon">David Boon</a>. The first <a href="/wiki/First-class_cricket" title="First-class cricket">first-class cricket</a> match played in Australia was at the <a href="/wiki/NTCA_Ground" title="NTCA Ground">Northern Tasmania Cricket Association Ground</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Club" title="Melbourne Cricket Club">Melbourne Cricket Club</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Launceston_Cricket_Club" title="Launceston Cricket Club">Launceston Cricket Club</a> in 1851.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a> is very popular in Launceston, and is often played at <a href="/wiki/York_Park" title="York Park">York Park</a> (University of Tasmania Stadium). Holding 20,000 people—more than any other stadium in Tasmania—York Park was swampland before becoming Launceston's showgrounds in 1873. Hawthorn has played between two and five AFL matches each season since 2001, and the <a href="/wiki/St_Kilda_Football_Club" title="St Kilda Football Club">St Kilda Football Club</a> played two games a year between 2003 and 2006. In 2007, the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Government" title="Tasmanian Government">Tasmanian Government</a> signed a A$16.4 million, five-year sponsorship deal with the <a href="/wiki/Hawthorn_Football_Club" title="Hawthorn Football Club">Hawthorn Football Club</a>, under which the club will play four regular season games and one <a href="/wiki/National_Australia_Bank_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="National Australia Bank Cup">National Australia Bank Cup</a> pre-season match at the venue each year. Throughout its history, York Park has hosted major pop concerts and other entertainments. Since 2001 it has been a venue for international sports events, and in 2005 was redeveloped at a cost of $23.6 million. Association football (commonly known in Launceston as "soccer") is also played and watched in Launceston [York Park]—the only place in Tasmania to have hosted national league soccer matches. A <a href="/wiki/National_Soccer_League" title="National Soccer League">National Soccer League</a> game was held at Aurora Stadium in 2002 between <a href="/wiki/Perth_Glory_FC" title="Perth Glory FC">Perth Glory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Knights" class="mw-redirect" title="Melbourne Knights">Melbourne Knights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/A-League" class="mw-redirect" title="A-League">A-League</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Victory" class="mw-redirect" title="Melbourne Victory">Melbourne Victory</a> have held a pre-season cup game at the venue each year since 2006. The record crowd is 8,061.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Launceston is not represented by an <a href="/wiki/NRL" class="mw-redirect" title="NRL">NRL</a> Football Club, but is expected to be represented by an <a href="/wiki/Tasmania_Football_Club" title="Tasmania Football Club">AFL Team</a> by 2028, as Tasmania was awarded the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Tasmanian_AFL_bid" title="History of the Tasmanian AFL bid">19th AFL Licence</a> on 2 May, 2023 when AFL Presidents Unanimously approved the Tasmanian bid </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league" title="Rugby league">Rugby league</a> football is played in the region at junior level and senior level, the Launceston Warriors play in the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Rugby_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Tasmanian Rugby League">Tasmanian Rugby League</a> and were minor premiers in the 2012–2013 season. </p><p>Since 2004, the <a href="/wiki/V8_Supercars" class="mw-redirect" title="V8 Supercars">V8 Supercars</a> (Tasmanian Challenge) has been annually held at the recently re-developed <a href="/wiki/Symmons_Plains_Raceway" title="Symmons Plains Raceway">Symmons Plains Raceway</a>, which is around 30 km south of Launceston.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marcos Ambrose, driver of the number 9 Richard Petty Motorsports car is most likely America's most notable Launceston native. A number of other sports have notable presence in Launceston, including basketball (men's, women's and indoor) and <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">hockey</a>. In 2009 Launceston redeveloped the city's swimming facilities which now include a modern indoor multimillion-dollar swimming centre at windmill hill, now named <a href="/wiki/Launceston_Aquatic" title="Launceston Aquatic">Launceston Aquatic</a>. </p><p>The city co-hosted the basketball <a href="/wiki/FIBA_Oceania_Championship_1975" class="mw-redirect" title="FIBA Oceania Championship 1975">FIBA Oceania Championship 1975</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/Australian_national_basketball_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian national basketball team">Australian national basketball team</a> won the gold medal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Launceston's local newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/The_Examiner_(Tasmania)" title="The Examiner (Tasmania)">The Examiner</a></i> was founded by James Aikenhead in 1842, and has been continually published ever since.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The newspaper is currently owned by <a href="/wiki/Nine_Entertainment_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Nine Entertainment Co.">Nine Entertainment Co</a> (Nine having merged with <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_Media" title="Fairfax Media">Fairfax Media</a> in 2018). Another local media site is <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tasmaniantimes.com/">The Tasmanian Times</a>.</i> </p><p>Along with the rest of the state, the city has four free-to-air television stations, including two government funded channels from the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">Australian Broadcasting Corporation</a> (ABC), the <a href="/wiki/Special_Broadcasting_Service" title="Special Broadcasting Service">Special Broadcasting Service</a> (SBS) and two commercial stations; (<a href="/wiki/TNT_(Australian_TV_station)" title="TNT (Australian TV station)">Southern Cross Seven</a> (<a href="/wiki/7HD" class="mw-redirect" title="7HD">7HD</a>) & <a href="/wiki/WIN_Television" title="WIN Television">WIN</a> (<a href="/wiki/9HD" class="mw-redirect" title="9HD">9HD</a>) These services are available in digital format as well as eleven digital-only stations, one carrying Network 10 programming (<a href="/wiki/TDT_(TV_station)" title="TDT (TV station)">Tasmanian Digital Television</a> (<a href="/wiki/10_HD" class="mw-redirect" title="10 HD">10 HD</a>), and nationwide digital-only stations <a href="/wiki/ABC_TV_Plus" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC TV Plus">ABC TV Plus</a>/<a href="/wiki/ABC_Kids_(Australia)" title="ABC Kids (Australia)">ABC Kids</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABC_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC ME">ABC ME</a> and <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC News (TV channel)">ABC News</a> (on ABC), <a href="/wiki/SBS_Viceland" title="SBS Viceland">SBS Viceland</a>, <a href="/wiki/SBS_Food" title="SBS Food">SBS Food</a> and NITV (on SBS), <a href="/wiki/7two" title="7two">7two</a> and <a href="/wiki/7mate" title="7mate">7mate</a> (on SC Seven), <a href="/wiki/9Gem" title="9Gem">9Gem</a>, <a href="/wiki/9Go!" title="9Go!">9Go!</a> and <a href="/wiki/9Life" title="9Life">9Life</a> (on WIN), and <a href="/wiki/10_Bold" class="mw-redirect" title="10 Bold">10 Bold</a>, <a href="/wiki/10_Peach" class="mw-redirect" title="10 Peach">10 Peach</a> and <a href="/wiki/10_Shake" class="mw-redirect" title="10 Shake">10 Shake</a> (on TDT). </p><p>Radio stations aired around Launceston are: <a href="/wiki/7LA" class="mw-redirect" title="7LA">LAFM</a> and <a href="/wiki/7EX" class="mw-redirect" title="7EX">Chilli FM</a> – part of the <a href="/wiki/Grant_Broadcasters" title="Grant Broadcasters">Grant Broadcasters</a> radio network, <a href="/wiki/TOTE_Sport_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="TOTE Sport Radio">TOTE Sport Radio</a> – Racing Radio, <a href="/wiki/Triple_J" title="Triple J">Triple J</a> – <a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">ABC</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABC_Northern_Tasmania" title="ABC Northern Tasmania">ABC Northern Tasmania</a> – (ABC), <a href="/wiki/ABC_NewsRadio" title="ABC NewsRadio">ABC NewsRadio</a> – (ABC), <a href="/wiki/ABC_Classic_FM" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC Classic FM">ABC Classic FM</a> – (ABC), <a href="/wiki/Radio_National" title="Radio National">Radio National</a> – (ABC), <a href="/wiki/City_Park_Radio" title="City Park Radio">City Park Radio</a> – <a href="/wiki/Community_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Community Radio">Community Radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/SBS_Radio" title="SBS Radio">SBS Radio</a> – (SBS), Way FM – Christian Radio - LCFM Launceston colleges radio station and <a href="/wiki/7RPH" class="mw-redirect" title="7RPH">7RPH</a> which is a relay of 864 AM from Hobart.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Launceston_General_Hospital" title="Launceston General Hospital">Launceston General Hospital</a> is Launceston's 300-bed public hospital, located just south of the city centre. Every year, LGH treats over 24,000 inpatients and over 225,000 outpatients. St Lukes Private Hospital and St Vincent's Hospital are the major private facilities. Launceston was also the location of the first use of anaesthesia in the Southern Hemisphere.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launceston is also the hub for the state's medical retrieval service. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Doctor_Service" title="Royal Flying Doctor Service">Royal Flying Doctor Service</a> supplies an aircraft and pilots under contract to the state's ambulance service and the aircraft (a <a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Super_King_Air" title="Beechcraft Super King Air">Beechcraft Super King Air</a>) is staffed by Ambulance Tasmania's Intensive Care Paramedics and doctors from the Launceston General Hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tasmania" title="University of Tasmania">University of Tasmania</a> has its second largest campus in Launceston, based in Newnham. It is currently relocating a significant portion of its campus to Inveresk.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TasTAFE" title="TasTAFE">TasTAFE</a> has two major operations in Launceston based at Alanvale and the Central Business District.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utilities">Utilities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Utilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Duck_Reach_power_station_bridge.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Duck_Reach_power_station_bridge.JPG/220px-Duck_Reach_power_station_bridge.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Duck_Reach_power_station_bridge.JPG/330px-Duck_Reach_power_station_bridge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Duck_Reach_power_station_bridge.JPG/440px-Duck_Reach_power_station_bridge.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3817" data-file-height="2530" /></a><figcaption>Duck Reach hydro power station (now a museum) once supplied Launceston with the majority of its electricity.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trevallyn_Dam.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Trevallyn_Dam.JPG/220px-Trevallyn_Dam.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Trevallyn_Dam.JPG/330px-Trevallyn_Dam.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Trevallyn_Dam.JPG/440px-Trevallyn_Dam.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Trevallyn_Dam" title="Trevallyn Dam">Trevallyn Dam</a> in flood in August 2009</figcaption></figure> <p>Launceston's electricity is primarily generated by renewable <a href="/wiki/Hydro_electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydro electric">hydro electric</a> power plants including the <a href="/wiki/Trevallyn_Power_Station" title="Trevallyn Power Station">Trevallyn Power Station</a> which is supplied with water from <a href="/wiki/Trevallyn_Dam" title="Trevallyn Dam">Trevallyn Dam</a>. The major retailer is <a href="/wiki/Aurora_Energy_(Tasmania)" title="Aurora Energy (Tasmania)">Aurora Energy</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_Gas_Works_1930s_Vertical_Retort.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Launceston_Gas_Works_1930s_Vertical_Retort.JPG/220px-Launceston_Gas_Works_1930s_Vertical_Retort.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Launceston_Gas_Works_1930s_Vertical_Retort.JPG/330px-Launceston_Gas_Works_1930s_Vertical_Retort.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Launceston_Gas_Works_1930s_Vertical_Retort.JPG/440px-Launceston_Gas_Works_1930s_Vertical_Retort.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Launceston Gas Company's 1930s vertical retort from the east</figcaption></figure><p> Historically, Launceston was powered by gas from the <a href="/wiki/Launceston_Gasworks" title="Launceston Gasworks">Launceston Gas Company</a>, (later Gas Corporation of Tasmania). In 1988 it was sold to <a href="/wiki/Boral" title="Boral">Boral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first gas plant was built in 1860 as a horizontal retort Gas Works house made from brick and sandstone on the site's SW corner. This was followed by keepers cottages, labs, the Headquarters Building and the iconic 1930s vertical retort recognised by the wording "COOK WITH GAS" written in its brickwork.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Duck_Reach_Power_Station" title="Duck Reach Power Station">Duck Reach Power Station</a> replaced gas for street lighting when it was completed in 1895 (the first municipally owned power station in the Southern Hemisphere). Until the 1950s when Trevallyn Power Station was built, Duck Reach supplied Launceston with most of its power needs – it is now an interpretive historic site. The former Gas Works currently houses the Launceston Hogsbreath Cafe. </p><p>Launceston's water comes from the Launceston Water Catchment. The majority is sourced from St Patricks River, a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/North_Esk_River" title="North Esk River">North Esk River</a> which flows through Launceston. The main retailer is Ben Lomond Water. The first reticulated water supply constructed in 1857 still serves the CBD.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were fears that the <a href="/wiki/Tamar_Valley_Pulp_Mill" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamar Valley Pulp Mill">Tamar Valley Pulp Mill</a> might adversely affect Launceston's water supply.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like many Australian cities, several major companies provide mobile telecommunications services and wireless internet services to Launceston. Launceston's communication infrastructure was upgraded in 1997 through the federal "Networking the Nation" program. Beginning in 2010, the <a href="/wiki/National_Broadband_Network" title="National Broadband Network">National Broadband Network</a> began installation of fire optic cables in Launceston.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, Launceston became the first city in Tasmania to be fully connected to the NBN.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_Metro_Bus.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Launceston_Metro_Bus.png/220px-Launceston_Metro_Bus.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Launceston_Metro_Bus.png/330px-Launceston_Metro_Bus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Launceston_Metro_Bus.png/440px-Launceston_Metro_Bus.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Launceston <a href="/wiki/Metro_Tasmania" title="Metro Tasmania">Metro Tasmania</a> bus on St John Street in 2014</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The car is by far the most dominant form of transport in Launceston, with the city having 721 km of urban and rural roads, even though much of the CBD has narrow one-way streets.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ROADS&TRANSPORT_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ROADS&TRANSPORT-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since February 1998, Launceston has been serviced by the Tasmanian government-owned and operated public bus service <a href="/wiki/Metro_Tasmania" title="Metro Tasmania">Metro Tasmania</a>. In addition, <a href="/wiki/Redline_Coaches" title="Redline Coaches">Redline Coaches</a> offers school services and travels to many destinations across Tasmania.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ROADS&TRANSPORT_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ROADS&TRANSPORT-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of its central location, Launceston is the hub of five of the state's major highways. The <a href="/wiki/Midland_Highway,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Midland Highway, Tasmania">Midland Highway</a> is the primary route to <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Bass_Highway,_Tasmania" title="Bass Highway, Tasmania">Bass Highway</a> is the primary route to <a href="/wiki/Devonport,_Tasmania" title="Devonport, Tasmania">Devonport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burnie" title="Burnie">Burnie</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tasman_Highway" title="Tasman Highway">Tasman Highway</a> is an alternate scenic route to Hobart via <a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Tasmania" title="Scottsdale, Tasmania">Scottsdale</a>, the East Coast, the <a href="/wiki/West_Tamar_Highway" title="West Tamar Highway">West Tamar Highway</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Tamar_Highway" title="East Tamar Highway">East Tamar Highway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ROADS&TRANSPORT_94-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ROADS&TRANSPORT-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tram_and_rail_network">Tram and rail network</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Tram and rail network"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Tasmania" title="Rail transport in Tasmania">Rail transport in Tasmania</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Launceston_trams_in_1911.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Launceston_trams_in_1911.jpg/220px-Launceston_trams_in_1911.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Launceston_trams_in_1911.jpg/330px-Launceston_trams_in_1911.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Launceston_trams_in_1911.jpg/440px-Launceston_trams_in_1911.jpg 2x" data-file-width="949" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Opening of the Launceston Municipal Tramway in 1911</figcaption></figure> <p>Launceston operated a suburban tramway system between 1999 and 2012, which consisted of 29 trams. It was first conceived in 1909, after observations of efficiently working systems in Melbourne and Adelaide. A decade before the tram system was abandoned, Launceston had begun converting to <a href="/wiki/Trolleybus" title="Trolleybus">trolleybuses</a>, especially for the hilly routes. The <a href="/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Trolleybuses in Launceston, Tasmania">Launceston trolleybus system</a> was one of the most extensive of the various trolleybus systems in Australia. The tramway network was finally removed in 1952 to make way for cars and buses. A tramway museum in Inveresk is all that remains of Launceston's trams. Launceston's streets, most of which were planned in the early nineteenth century, were probably always too narrow for trams to be fully successful: in many cases little of the roadway remained for other forms of transport.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The track gauge was 1,067 millimetres (3 feet 6.0 inches).<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A regional passenger rail system operated in Tasmania, of which Launceston was a major hub; however, after many years of gradual retrenchment it was closed in July 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Former passenger railway lines servicing Launceston: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_and_Western_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Launceston and Western Railway">Launceston and Western Railway</a> (1871–1873)</li> <li>Launceston–Deloraine (1875–1978)</li> <li>Launceston–Hobart (via Evandale) (1876–1978)</li> <li>Launceston–Devonport (1885–1978)</li> <li>Launceston–Burnie (1901–1978)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airport">Airport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Airport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is served by the small curfew-free <a href="/wiki/Launceston_Airport" title="Launceston Airport">Launceston Airport</a>, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south-east of the city. The airport serves over one million passengers annually. <a href="/wiki/Jetstar" title="Jetstar">Jetstar</a>, <a href="/wiki/QantasLink" title="QantasLink">QantasLink</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Airlines" title="Sharp Airlines">Sharp Airlines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Australia" title="Virgin Australia">Virgin Australia</a> operate scheduled services at the airport. As at November 2020, there are direct flights to and from <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Airport" title="Melbourne Airport">Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Airport" title="Sydney Airport">Sydney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brisbane_Airport" title="Brisbane Airport">Brisbane</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a freight rail system in operation which links Launceston to Burnie, Hobart and <a href="/wiki/Bell_Bay,_Tasmania" title="Bell Bay, Tasmania">Bell Bay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Port">Port</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Port"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Launceston's port is located about 48 kilometers north on the Tamar River at Bell Bay.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Port of Bell Bay handles around 5,300,000 tons of domestic and international cargo each year, and has five piers for cruise and passenger ships.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The port is adjacent to an industrial park that houses facilities for Temco, Sims Metal, BP Australia and Onesteel, among other companies.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Port of Bell Bay is part of a network of ports managed by the state-owned company TasPorts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Launceston has three sister cities.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="background:white;"> <tbody><tr> <th>City </th> <th>State </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Year </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ikeda,_Osaka" title="Ikeda, Osaka">Ikeda</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Osaka_Prefecture.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Osaka_Prefecture.svg/24px-Flag_of_Osaka_Prefecture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Osaka_Prefecture.svg/36px-Flag_of_Osaka_Prefecture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Osaka_Prefecture.svg/48px-Flag_of_Osaka_Prefecture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Prefecture" title="Osaka Prefecture">Osaka</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>1 November 1965 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Napa,_California" title="Napa, California">Napa</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/23px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/35px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/45px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td>6 June 1988 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiyuan" title="Taiyuan">Taiyuan</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>28 November 1995 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main category: <a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Category:People from Launceston, Tasmania">People from Launceston, Tasmania</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Launceston" title="List of mayors of Launceston">List of mayors of Launceston</a></div> <p>Notable people from or who have lived in Launceston include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Atkinson" title="Nathaniel Atkinson">Nathaniel Atkinson</a>, footballer for <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_City_FC" title="Melbourne City FC">Melbourne City F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcos_Ambrose" title="Marcos Ambrose">Marcos Ambrose</a>, NASCAR driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Napier_Baker" title="Harold Napier Baker">Harold Napier Baker</a>, Rural Dean of St John's Church</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Baker" title="Simon Baker">Simon Baker</a>, actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bailey_(cricketer,_born_1982)" title="George Bailey (cricketer, born 1982)">George Bailey</a>, cricketer and Australian cricket selector</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lance_Barnard" title="Lance Barnard">Lance Barnard</a>, (1919–1997) former Deputy Prime Minister of Australia under <a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Gough Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Boon" title="David Boon">David Boon</a>, cricketer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Cooper_(veterinarian)" title="Harry Cooper (veterinarian)">Harry Cooper</a>, TV veterinarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Faulkner_(cricketer)" title="James Faulkner (cricketer)">James Faulkner</a>, cricketer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Wilmot_Hudson_Fysh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Wilmot Hudson Fysh">Sir Wilmot Hudson Fysh</a>, Qantas founder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Ganderton" title="Daniel Ganderton">Daniel Ganderton</a>, jockey</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Geale" title="Daniel Geale">Daniel Geale</a>, boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Gibson" title="Belle Gibson">Belle Gibson</a>, scam artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Hussey" title="Simon Hussey">Simon Hussey</a>, songwriter and record producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasman_Jones" title="Tasman Jones">Tasman Jones</a>, swimmer and diver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lambourne" title="David Lambourne">David Lambourne</a>, judge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Tasman_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Tasman Marshall">Alexander Tasman Marshall</a>, Tasmanian MHA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Martin_(television_presenter)" title="Ray Martin (television presenter)">Ray Martin</a>, journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleo_Massey" title="Cleo Massey">Cleo Massey</a>, actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_McSweyn" title="Stewart McSweyn">Stewart McSweyn</a>, distance runner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricky_Ponting" title="Ricky Ponting">Ricky Ponting</a>, cricketer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richie_Porte" title="Richie Porte">Richie Porte</a>, professional cyclist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bec_Rawlings" title="Bec Rawlings">Bec Rawlings</a>, boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sculthorpe" title="Peter Sculthorpe">Peter Sculthorpe</a>, composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hattie_Shepparde" title="Hattie Shepparde">Hattie Shepparde</a> (1846 – 1874), actress and opera singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachael_Taylor" title="Rachael Taylor">Rachael Taylor</a>, actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariarne_Titmus" title="Ariarne Titmus">Ariarne Titmus</a>, Olympic champion swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lee_Woodward" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Lee Woodward">Frank Lee Woodward</a> (1871–1952), Pali scholar, author and theosophist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Youl_(priest)" title="John Youl (priest)">John Youl</a>, an early clergyman, St John's Church of England</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shane_Yost" title="Shane Yost">Shane Yost</a>, Championship Vert Skater</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>References using <a href="/wiki/The_Examiner_(Tasmania)" title="The Examiner (Tasmania)">The Examiner</a> may require registration for access.</i></dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ABSSUAProf-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ABSSUAProf_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/communityprofile/6004">"2011 Census Community Profiles: Launceston"</a>. <i>ABS Census</i>. <a href="/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Australian Bureau of Statistics">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABS+Census&rft.atitle=2011+Census+Community+Profiles%3A+Launceston&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusdata.abs.gov.au%2Fcensus_services%2Fgetproduct%2Fcensus%2F2011%2Fcommunityprofile%2F6004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Dictionary" title="Macquarie Dictionary">Macquarie Dictionary</a>, Fourth Edition</i> (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-876429-14-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-876429-14-3">1-876429-14-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pulsetasmania.com.au/news/launceston-one-of-the-hardest-place-names-to-pronounce-in-the-country/">"Launceston one of the hardest place names to pronounce in the country"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pulse_Tasmania" title="Pulse Tasmania">Pulse Tasmania</a>. 19 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Preserved+Tasmanian+Tramcars&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railtasmania.com%2Fpres%2Ftrams.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stors.tas.gov.au/au-7-0050-00011115">"Launceston Tramway Museum Society Inc.- Launceston's Trams"</a>. <i>stors.tas.gov.au</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stors.tas.gov.au&rft.atitle=Launceston+Tramway+Museum+Society+Inc.-+Launceston%27s+Trams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstors.tas.gov.au%2Fau-7-0050-00011115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railtasmania.com/photos/">"The Tasman Limited"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Tasman+Limited&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railtasmania.com%2Fphotos%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.launcestonairport.com.au/flights/arrivals-departures">"Passenger Jet Services"</a>. <i>Launceston Airport</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Launceston+Airport&rft.atitle=Passenger+Jet+Services&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.launcestonairport.com.au%2Fflights%2Farrivals-departures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060819211327/http://www.iris.tas.gov.au/infrastructure/transport/supply">"Transport Supply"</a>. <i>Tasmanian Government</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iris.tas.gov.au/infrastructure/transport/supply">the original</a> on 19 August 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tasmanian+Government&rft.atitle=Transport+Supply&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iris.tas.gov.au%2Finfrastructure%2Ftransport%2Fsupply&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.portlaun.com.au/">"Home"</a>. <i>portlaun.com.au</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=portlaun.com.au&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.portlaun.com.au%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerrall,_R._A._(Raymond_Alfred)Port_of_Launceston_Authority_(Tas.)1983" class="citation cs2">Ferrall, R. A. (Raymond Alfred); Port of Launceston Authority (Tas.) (1983), <i>The story of the port of Launceston</i>, Port of Launceston Authority, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-909817-01-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-909817-01-5"><bdi>978-0-909817-01-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+story+of+the+port+of+Launceston&rft.pub=Port+of+Launceston+Authority&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-909817-01-5&rft.au=Ferrall%2C+R.+A.+%28Raymond+Alfred%29&rft.au=Port+of+Launceston+Authority+%28Tas.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmed2022" class="citation web cs1">Ahmed, Zahra (4 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marineinsight.com/know-more/12-major-ports-in-tasmania/">"12 Major Ports In Tasmania"</a>. <i>Marine Insight</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Marine+Insight&rft.atitle=12+Major+Ports+In+Tasmania&rft.date=2022-12-04&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Zahra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marineinsight.com%2Fknow-more%2F12-major-ports-in-tasmania%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tasports.com.au/bell-bay-port-information">"Port Information"</a>. <i>Bell Bay Port Information</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bell+Bay+Port+Information&rft.atitle=Port+Information&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tasports.com.au%2Fbell-bay-port-information&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110218085458/http://www.launceston.tas.gov.au/lcc/index.php?c=100">"Sister Cities"</a>. <i>Launceston City Council</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.launceston.tas.gov.au/lcc/index.php?c=100">the original</a> on 18 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Launceston+City+Council&rft.atitle=Sister+Cities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.launceston.tas.gov.au%2Flcc%2Findex.php%3Fc%3D100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWooleyTatlow2007" class="citation book cs1">Wooley, Charles; Tatlow, Michael (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lTAAPAAACAAJ"><i>Walk in Old Launceston: Your Guide to Two Wondrous Hours : Colonial Horrors, Heroism and Splendour</i></a>. Walk Guides Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Walk+in+Old+Launceston%3A+Your+Guide+to+Two+Wondrous+Hours+%3A+Colonial+Horrors%2C+Heroism+and+Splendour&rft.pub=Walk+Guides+Australia&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Wooley&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.au=Tatlow%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlTAAPAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaunceston%2C+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston,_Tasmania&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Launceston#Q339527" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Launceston">Launceston</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Launceston,_Tasmania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Launceston, Tasmania">Launceston, Tasmania</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.launceston.tas.gov.au/">Launceston City Council</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091207065933/http://michaelferguson.com/2009/08/cataract-gorge-in-flood/">Original video of the Cataract Gorge in flood, August 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nfsa.gov.au/latest/tasmanian-time-capsule">Watch historical footage of Launceston, Burnie, Hobart and the rest of Tasmania</a> from the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_and_Sound_Archive" title="National Film and Sound Archive">National Film and Sound Archive</a> of Australia's collection.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="25px_Launceston_landmarks" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Launceston_landmarks" title="Template:Launceston landmarks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Launceston_landmarks" title="Template talk:Launceston landmarks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Launceston_landmarks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Launceston landmarks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="25px_Launceston_landmarks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/25px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/38px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/50px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="427" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Launceston</a> landmarks</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings and structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boag%27s_Brewery" title="Boag's Brewery">Boag's Brewery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Apostles,_Launceston" title="Church of the Apostles, Launceston">Church of the Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_Club_Casino" title="Country Club Casino">Country Club Casino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duck_Reach_Power_Station" title="Duck Reach Power Station">Duck Reach Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_Gasworks" title="Launceston Gasworks">Launceston Gasworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyman_House" title="Holyman House">Holyman House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Grand_Chancellor,_Launceston" title="Hotel Grand Chancellor, Launceston">Hotel Grand Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Bridge_(Launceston)" title="King's Bridge (Launceston)">King's Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Kirk,_Launceston" title="St Andrew's Kirk, Launceston">St Andrew's Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Church,_Launceston" title="St John's Church, Launceston">St John's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_Synagogue" title="Launceston Synagogue">Launceston Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevallyn_Dam" title="Trevallyn Dam">Trevallyn Dam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Hall,_Launceston" title="Albert Hall, Launceston">Albert Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_General_Hospital" title="Launceston General Hospital">Launceston General Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston_Post_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Launceston Post Office (page does not exist)">Launceston Post Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_Town_Hall" title="Launceston Town Hall">Launceston Town Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inveresk_and_York_Park_Precinct,_Launceston" title="Inveresk and York Park Precinct, Launceston">Inveresk and York Park Precinct</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyceum_Theatre,_Launceston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyceum Theatre, Launceston (page does not exist)">Lyceum Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majestic_Theatre,_Launceston" title="Majestic Theatre, Launceston">Majestic Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Theatre,_Launceston" title="National Theatre, Launceston">National Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penny_Royal_Adventures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penny Royal Adventures (page does not exist)">Penny Royal Adventures</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plaza_Theatre,_Launceston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plaza Theatre, Launceston (page does not exist)">Plaza Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Theatre_(Launceston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Theatre (Launceston)">Princess Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Theatre,_Invermay" title="Star Theatre, Invermay">Star Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamar_Valley_Resort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamar Valley Resort (page does not exist)">Tamar Valley Resort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmania_Zoo" title="Tasmania Zoo">Tasmania Zoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Galleries and museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Art_Gallery_at_Royal_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Art Gallery at Royal Park (page does not exist)">Art Gallery at Royal Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entally_House" title="Entally House">Entally House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_House_(Launceston)" title="Franklin House (Launceston)">Franklin House</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Automobile_Museum_of_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Automobile Museum of Tasmania (page does not exist)">National Automobile Museum of Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston_Tramway_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Launceston Tramway Museum (page does not exist)">Launceston Tramway Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery">Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_Aquatic" title="Launceston Aquatic">Launceston Aquatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTCA_Ground" title="NTCA Ground">NTCA Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elphin_Sports_Centre" title="Elphin Sports Centre">Elphin Sports Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverdome_(Launceston)" title="Silverdome (Launceston)"> The Silverdome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmons_Plains_Raceway" title="Symmons Plains Raceway">Symmons Plains Raceway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Park" title="York Park">University of Tasmania Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_Airport" title="Launceston Airport">Launceston Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Tasmania" title="Metro Tasmania">Metro (bus company)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nature and parks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cataract_Gorge" title="Cataract Gorge">Cataract Gorge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carr_Villa_Memorial_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carr Villa Memorial Park (page does not exist)">Carr Villa Memorial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_City_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Launceston City Park">City Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Punchbowl_Falls,_Launceston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Punchbowl Falls, Launceston (page does not exist)">Punchbowl Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince%27s_Square" title="Prince's Square">Prince's Square</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trevallyn_Nature_Reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trevallyn Nature Reserve (page does not exist)">Trevallyn Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Park,_Launceston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Park, Launceston (page does not exist)">Royal Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waverley_Lake_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waverley Lake Park (page does not exist)">Waverley Lake Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zig_Zag_Reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zig Zag Reserve (page does not exist)">Zig Zag Reserve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precincts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Launceston_Seaport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Launceston Seaport (page does not exist)">Launceston Seaport</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Civic_Square,_Launceston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civic Square, Launceston (page does not exist)">Civic Square</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quadrant_Mall,_Launceston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quadrant Mall, Launceston (page does not exist)">Quadrant Mall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Tasmania&#124;link=Tasmania_Suburbs_of_Launceston,_Tasmania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Launceston_suburbs" title="Template:Launceston suburbs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Launceston_suburbs" title="Template talk:Launceston suburbs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Launceston_suburbs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Launceston suburbs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Tasmania&#124;link=Tasmania_Suburbs_of_Launceston,_Tasmania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania"><img alt="Tasmania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Suburbs of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Launceston, Tasmania</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Launceston" title="City of Launceston">City of Launceston</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dilston,_Tasmania" title="Dilston, Tasmania">Dilston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Launceston,_Tasmania" title="East Launceston, Tasmania">East Launceston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invermay,_Tasmania" title="Invermay, Tasmania">Invermay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_Meadows,_Tasmania" title="Kings Meadows, Tasmania">Kings Meadows</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Launceston</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayfield,_Tasmania" title="Mayfield, Tasmania">Mayfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowbray,_Tasmania" title="Mowbray, Tasmania">Mowbray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newnham,_Tasmania" title="Newnham, Tasmania">Newnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newstead,_Tasmania" title="Newstead, Tasmania">Newstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Tasmania" title="Norwood, Tasmania">Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prospect,_Tasmania" title="Prospect, Tasmania">Prospect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punchbowl,_Tasmania" title="Punchbowl, Tasmania">Punchbowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravenswood,_Tasmania" title="Ravenswood, Tasmania">Ravenswood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocherlea,_Tasmania" title="Rocherlea, Tasmania">Rocherlea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Launceston,_Tasmania" title="South Launceston, Tasmania">South Launceston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Leonards,_Tasmania" title="St Leonards, Tasmania">St Leonards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summerhill,_Tasmania" title="Summerhill, Tasmania">Summerhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevallyn,_Tasmania" title="Trevallyn, Tasmania">Trevallyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverley,_Tasmania" title="Waverley, Tasmania">Waverley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Launceston,_Tasmania" title="West Launceston, Tasmania">West Launceston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youngtown,_Tasmania" title="Youngtown, Tasmania">Youngtown</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/90px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/135px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg/180px-Tasmania_Launceston_City_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meander_Valley_Council" title="Meander Valley Council">Meander Valley Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackstone_Heights,_Tasmania" title="Blackstone Heights, Tasmania">Blackstone Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prospect_Vale,_Tasmania" title="Prospect Vale, Tasmania">Prospect Vale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Tamar_Council" title="West Tamar Council">West Tamar Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_Tasmania" title="Riverside, Tasmania">Riverside</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor and abolished suburbs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alanvale,_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alanvale, Tasmania (page does not exist)">Alanvale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elphin,_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elphin, Tasmania (page does not exist)">Elphin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franklin_Village,_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franklin Village, Tasmania (page does not exist)">Franklin Village</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glen_Dhu,_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glen Dhu, Tasmania (page does not exist)">Glen Dhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inveresk,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Inveresk, Tasmania">Inveresk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Killafaddy,_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Killafaddy, Tasmania (page does not exist)">Killafaddy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marrawaylee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marrawaylee (page does not exist)">Marrawaylee (West Riverside)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowbray,_Tasmania" title="Mowbray, Tasmania">Mowbray Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandhill,_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandhill, Tasmania (page does not exist)">Sandhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Launceston,_Tasmania" title="South Launceston, Tasmania">Sandhill (Sixways)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenalga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tenalga (page does not exist)">Tenalga (North Riverside)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowbray,_Tasmania" title="Mowbray, Tasmania">Vermont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tasmania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tasmania" title="Template:Tasmania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tasmania" title="Template talk:Tasmania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tasmania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tasmania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tasmania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecology_of_Tasmania" title="Ecology of Tasmania">Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tasmania" title="Economy of Tasmania">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Tasmania" title="Education in Tasmania">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydro_Tasmania" title="Hydro Tasmania">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Tasmania" title="Flag of Tasmania">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tasmania" title="Geography of Tasmania">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Tasmania" title="Geology of Tasmania">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Tasmania">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tasmania_timeline" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Tasmania timeline">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Tasmania" title="Local government areas of Tasmania">Local Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Tasmania" title="Parliament of Tasmania">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmania_Police" title="Tasmania Police">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Tasmania">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Tasmania" title="Rail transport in Tasmania">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Tasmania" title="Sport in Tasmania">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Tasmania" title="Symbols of Tasmania">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tasmanians" title="List of Tasmanians">List of Tasmanians</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tasmania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tasmania"><img alt="Tasmania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/80px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/120px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/160px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Tasmania" title="Regions of Tasmania">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Highlands_(Tasmania)" title="Central Highlands (Tasmania)">Central Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Coast_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Coast Tasmania (page does not exist)">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midlands_(Tasmania)" title="Midlands (Tasmania)">Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_East_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North East Tasmania (page does not exist)">North East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_West_Tasmania" title="North West Tasmania">North West</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_East_Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South East Tasmania (page does not exist)">South East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_West_Tasmania" title="South West Tasmania">South West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast,_Tasmania" title="West Coast, Tasmania">West Coast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Tasmania_by_population" title="List of places in Tasmania by population">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burnie" title="Burnie">Burnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devonport,_Tasmania" title="Devonport, Tasmania">Devonport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Launceston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_of_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_of_Australia" title="Template:Cities of Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_of_Australia" title="Template talk:Cities of Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_of_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities of Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_of_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Australia" title="List of cities in Australia">Cities of Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a></b> <i>(national capital)</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albury" title="Albury">Albury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armidale" title="Armidale">Armidale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathurst,_New_South_Wales" title="Bathurst, New South Wales">Bathurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broken_Hill" title="Broken Hill">Broken Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessnock,_New_South_Wales" title="Cessnock, New South Wales">Cessnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffs_Harbour" title="Coffs Harbour">Coffs Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubbo" title="Dubbo">Dubbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosford" title="Gosford">Gosford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulburn" title="Goulburn">Goulburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton,_New_South_Wales" title="Grafton, New South Wales">Grafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffith,_New_South_Wales" title="Griffith, New South Wales">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Lake_Macquarie" title="City of Lake Macquarie">Lake Macquarie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lismore,_New_South_Wales" title="Lismore, New South Wales">Lismore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithgow,_New_South_Wales" title="Lithgow, New South Wales">Lithgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitland,_New_South_Wales" title="Maitland, New South Wales">Maitland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle,_New_South_Wales" title="Newcastle, New South Wales">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange,_New_South_Wales" title="Orange, New South Wales">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Macquarie" title="Port Macquarie">Port Macquarie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queanbeyan" title="Queanbeyan">Queanbeyan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamworth,_New_South_Wales" title="Tamworth, New South Wales">Tamworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagga_Wagga" title="Wagga Wagga">Wagga Wagga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wollongong" title="Wollongong">Wollongong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Darwin,_Northern_Territory" title="Darwin, Northern Territory">Darwin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmerston,_Northern_Territory" title="Palmerston, Northern Territory">Palmerston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundaberg" title="Bundaberg">Bundaberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns">Cairns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caloundra" title="Caloundra">Caloundra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladstone,_Queensland" title="Gladstone, Queensland">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast,_Queensland" title="Gold Coast, Queensland">Gold Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gympie" title="Gympie">Gympie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hervey_Bay" title="Hervey Bay">Hervey Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich,_Queensland" title="Ipswich, Queensland">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackay,_Queensland" title="Mackay, Queensland">Mackay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryborough,_Queensland" title="Maryborough, Queensland">Maryborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Isa" title="Mount Isa">Mount Isa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockhampton" title="Rockhampton">Rockhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Coast,_Queensland" title="Sunshine Coast, Queensland">Sunshine Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toowoomba" title="Toowoomba">Toowoomba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townsville" title="Townsville">Townsville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Gambier" title="Mount Gambier">Mount Gambier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bridge,_South_Australia" title="Murray Bridge, South Australia">Murray Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Augusta" title="Port Augusta">Port Augusta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Lincoln" title="Port Lincoln">Port Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Pirie" title="Port Pirie">Port Pirie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Harbor,_South_Australia" title="Victor Harbor, South Australia">Victor Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whyalla" title="Whyalla">Whyalla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burnie" title="Burnie">Burnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devonport,_Tasmania" title="Devonport, Tasmania">Devonport</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a></b></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Launceston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Victoria_(state)" title="Victoria (state)">Victoria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ararat,_Victoria" title="Ararat, Victoria">Ararat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bairnsdale" title="Bairnsdale">Bairnsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballarat" title="Ballarat">Ballarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benalla" title="Benalla">Benalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendigo" title="Bendigo">Bendigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castlemaine,_Victoria" title="Castlemaine, Victoria">Castlemaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colac,_Victoria" title="Colac, Victoria">Colac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geelong" title="Geelong">Geelong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Victoria" title="Hamilton, Victoria">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsham,_Victoria" title="Horsham, Victoria">Horsham</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildura" title="Mildura">Mildura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moe,_Victoria" title="Moe, Victoria">Moe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morwell,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Morwell, Victoria">Morwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Victoria" title="Portland, Victoria">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sale,_Victoria" title="Sale, Victoria">Sale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour,_Victoria" title="Seymour, Victoria">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepparton" title="Shepparton">Shepparton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stawell,_Victoria" title="Stawell, Victoria">Stawell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_Hill,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Swan Hill, Victoria">Swan Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traralgon" title="Traralgon">Traralgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wangaratta" title="Wangaratta">Wangaratta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warragul,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Warragul, Victoria">Warragul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrnambool" title="Warrnambool">Warrnambool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wodonga" title="Wodonga">Wodonga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_Western_Australia" title="Albany, Western Australia">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunbury,_Western_Australia" title="Bunbury, Western Australia">Bunbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busselton" title="Busselton">Busselton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldton" title="Geraldton">Geraldton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalgoorlie" title="Kalgoorlie">Kalgoorlie-Boulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandurah" title="Mandurah">Mandurah</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Perth" title="Perth">Perth</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339527#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339527#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339527#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/131365815">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJktqqQG4Xx8HhBWtFRVG3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4362990-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82010612">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007552734805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a 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