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<li id="toc-Founding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Founding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_growth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_growth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early growth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_growth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Today" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Today"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Today</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Today-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Today subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Today-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Allegations_of_widespread_plagiarism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allegations_of_widespread_plagiarism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Allegations of widespread plagiarism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allegations_of_widespread_plagiarism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Academics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gregorian_Consortium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gregorian_Consortium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Gregorian Consortium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gregorian_Consortium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Academic units</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Libraries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archives_of_the_Pontifical_Gregorian_University" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archives_of_the_Pontifical_Gregorian_University"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Archives of the Pontifical Gregorian University</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archives_of_the_Pontifical_Gregorian_University-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gregorian_and_Biblical_Press_(1913–2023)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gregorian_and_Biblical_Press_(1913–2023)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gregorian and Biblical Press (1913–2023)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gregorian_and_Biblical_Press_(1913–2023)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Extraterritoriality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extraterritoriality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Extraterritoriality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extraterritoriality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_students_and_professors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_students_and_professors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable students and professors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_students_and_professors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontifical Gregorian University</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الجامعة الغريغورية الحبرية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الجامعة الغريغورية الحبرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Папскі Грыгарыянскі ўніверсітэт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Папскі Грыгарыянскі ўніверсітэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontif%C3%ADcia_Universitat_Gregoriana" title="Pontifícia Universitat Gregoriana – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pontifícia Universitat Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana" title="Pontificia Università Gregoriana – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pontificia Università Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pape%C5%BEsk%C3%A1_univerzita_Gregoriana" title="Papežská univerzita Gregoriana – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Papežská univerzita Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4pstliche_Universit%C3%A4t_Gregoriana" title="Päpstliche Universität Gregoriana – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Päpstliche Universität Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paavstlik_Gregoriaani_%C3%9Clikool" title="Paavstlik Gregoriaani Ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Paavstlik Gregoriaani Ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%86%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%93%CF%81%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ποντιφικό Γρηγοριανό Πανεπιστήμιο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ποντιφικό Γρηγοριανό Πανεπιστήμιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontificia_Universidad_Gregoriana" title="Pontificia Universidad Gregoriana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pontificia Universidad Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontifika_Gregoria_Universitato" title="Pontifika Gregoria Universitato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pontifika Gregoria Universitato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="دانشگاه گریگوری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه گریگوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_pontificale_gr%C3%A9gorienne" title="Université pontificale grégorienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université pontificale grégorienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontificia_Universidade_Gregoriana" title="Pontificia Universidade Gregoriana – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pontificia Universidade Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="그레고리오 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그레고리오 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papinsko_sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_Gregoriana" title="Papinsko sveučilište Gregoriana – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Papinsko sveučilište Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Kepausan_Gregoriana" title="Universitas Kepausan Gregoriana – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Kepausan Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana" title="Pontificia Università Gregoriana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pontificia Università Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="האוניברסיטה האפיפיורית הגרגוריאנית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האוניברסיטה האפיפיורית הגרגוריאנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontificia_Universitas_Gregoriana" title="Pontificia Universitas Gregoriana – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pontificia Universitas Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grigaliaus_universitetas" title="Grigaliaus universitetas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Grigaliaus universitetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregoriana_P%C3%A1pai_Egyetem" title="Gregoriana Pápai Egyetem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gregoriana Pápai Egyetem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الجامعه الجريجوريه الحبريه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الجامعه الجريجوريه الحبريه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauselijke_Universiteit_Gregoriana" title="Pauselijke Universiteit Gregoriana – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pauselijke Universiteit Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="グレゴリアン大学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グレゴリアン大学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregoriana" title="Gregoriana – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papieski_Uniwersytet_Gregoria%C5%84ski" title="Papieski Uniwersytet Gregoriański – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Papieski Uniwersytet Gregoriański" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontif%C3%ADcia_Universidade_Gregoriana" title="Pontifícia Universidade Gregoriana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pontifícia Universidade Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitatea_Pontifical%C4%83_Gregorian%C4%83" title="Universitatea Pontificală Gregoriană – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Universitatea Pontificală Gregoriană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Папский Григорианский университет – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Папский Григорианский университет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pape%C5%A1ka_univerza_Gregoriana" title="Papeška univerza Gregoriana – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Papeška univerza Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papinski_univerzitet_Gregoriana" title="Papinski univerzitet Gregoriana – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Papinski univerzitet Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregoriana" title="Gregoriana – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gregoriana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°53′56″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°29′5″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.89889°N 12.48472°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.89889; 12.48472</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pontifical university located in Rome, Italy</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collegio_Romano" class="extiw" title="it:Collegio Romano">the corresponding article</a> in Italian</b>.  <i><small>(September 2022)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCollegio_Romano&sl=it&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en">View</a> a machine-translated version of the Italian article.</li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that 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line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other name</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">The Greg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><div lang="la">Religioni et Bonis Artibus<i></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">For Religion and Culture</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Private <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_university" title="Pontifical university">pontifical university</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">23 February 1551<span class="noprint"> (473 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1551-02-23</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Religious affiliation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_school" title="Catholic school">Catholic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tolentino_de_Mendon%C3%A7a" title="José Tolentino de Mendonça">José Tolentino de Mendonça</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">Rector</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mark Lewis, SJ<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">304<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">2,754 (2018–19)<sup id="cite_ref-pug_assets_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pug_assets-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">Italy</div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&params=41_53_56_N_12_29_5_E_type:edu_region:IT"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°53′56″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°29′5″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.89889°N 12.48472°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.89889; 12.48472</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unigre.it/en">https://unigre.it/en</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pontifical_Gregorian_University-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Pontifical_Gregorian_University-2.jpg/230px-Pontifical_Gregorian_University-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Pontifical_Gregorian_University-2.jpg/345px-Pontifical_Gregorian_University-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Pontifical_Gregorian_University-2.jpg/460px-Pontifical_Gregorian_University-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4820" data-file-height="3208" /></a><figcaption>Current site of the Gregorian University</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Pontifical Gregorian University</b> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Pontificia Università Gregoriana</i>; also known as the <b>Gregorian</b> or <b>Gregoriana</b>), is a higher education ecclesiastical school (<a href="/wiki/Pontifical_university" title="Pontifical university">pontifical university</a>) in Rome, Italy. </p><p>The Gregorian originated as a part of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_College" title="Roman College">Roman College</a>, founded in 1551 by <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola" title="Ignatius of Loyola">Ignatius of Loyola</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and included all grades of schooling. Its chairs of philosophy and theology received Papal approval in 1556, making it the first institution founded by the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Society of Jesus</a> (Jesuits). In 1584, the Roman College was given a new home by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XIII" title="Pope Gregory XIII">Pope Gregory XIII</a>, after whom it was renamed the Gregorian University.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="WP:CIRCULAR (October 2015)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It had distinguished scholars in ecclesiastical fields as well as in natural science and mathematics. Only the theology and philosophy departments of the Gregorian survived the political turmoil in Italy after 1870. </p><p>Today the Gregorian has an international faculty and around 2750 students from over 150 countries. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding">Founding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ignatius_Loyola.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Ignatius_Loyola.jpg/150px-Ignatius_Loyola.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Ignatius_Loyola.jpg/225px-Ignatius_Loyola.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Ignatius_Loyola.jpg 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola" title="Ignatius of Loyola">Ignatius of Loyola</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola" title="Ignatius of Loyola">Ignatius of Loyola</a>, the founder of the Society of Jesus, established a School of Grammar, Humanities, and Christian Doctrine (<i>Scuola di grammatica, d'umanità e di Dottrina cristiana</i>) in Rome on 18 February 1551. It was located in a building at the base of the <a href="/wiki/Capitoline_Hill" title="Capitoline Hill">Capitoline Hill</a>, on what is today the <a href="/wiki/Piazza_d%27Aracoeli" title="Piazza d'Aracoeli">Piazza d'Aracoeli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Borgia" title="Francis Borgia">Francis Borgia</a>, the viceroy of Catalonia and a Catholic patron, provided financial support for the new school. </p><p>With a small library connected to it, the school was called the Roman College (<i>Collegio Romano</i>). In September 1551, due to its increased enrollment, the college moved to a larger facility behind the <a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_del_Cacco" title="Santo Stefano del Cacco">Santo Stefano del Cacco Church</a> in Rome. After only two years of operation, the Roman College had 250 graduates. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_growth">Early growth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early growth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 1556 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV" title="Pope Paul IV">Pope Paul IV</a> authorized the Roman College to confer academic degrees in theology and philosophy, elevating it to the rank of university. During the following 20 years, ever increasing enrollment forced the college to move to larger facilities twice. During this period, the college added chairs in <a href="/wiki/Moral_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Moral philosophy">moral philosophy</a> and Arabic to the existing chairs in Latin, Greek, and <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>. </p><p>When the college reached an enrollment of 1000 students, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XIII" title="Pope Gregory XIII">Pope Gregory XIII</a> decided to build it a more expansive facility. He expropriated two city blocks in Rome near the <a href="/wiki/Via_del_Corso" title="Via del Corso">Via del Corso</a> and commissioned the architect <a href="/wiki/Bartolomeo_Ammannati" title="Bartolomeo Ammannati">Bartolomeo Ammannati</a> to design a new building. The new college building was inaugurated in 1584 in what became known as the Piazza Collegio Romano, across from the <a href="/wiki/Doria_Pamphilj_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Doria Pamphilj Gallery">Palazzo Doria Pamphilj</a>. In gratitude for Gregory XIII's sponsorship, the college administration lauded him as its "founder and father" and renamed the Roman College as the Gregorian University. </p><p>The new space at Piazza Collegio Romano allowed the Gregorian University to add chairs of church history and <a href="/wiki/Liturgy" title="Liturgy">liturgy</a>. The Gregorian soon became known for its work in mathematics, physics and astronomy. <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Clavius" title="Christopher Clavius">Christopher Clavius</a>, then a professor at the Gregorian, developed the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> that is still used worldwide today. The Jesuit mathematician <a href="/wiki/Athanasius_Kircher" title="Athanasius Kircher">Athanasius Kircher</a> also later taught at the Gregorian. Not long after its Piazza Collegio Romano site opened, the Gregorian had 2000 students. Due to the limited size of its chapel, the Gregorian started rebuilding it in 1626 as the <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Ignazio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sant'Ignazio">Church of Sant'Ignazio</a>. Completed in 1650, the church is considered one of the major <a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque</a> churches in the Rome area. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CollegioRomano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/CollegioRomano.jpg/150px-CollegioRomano.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/CollegioRomano.jpg/225px-CollegioRomano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/CollegioRomano.jpg/300px-CollegioRomano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="461" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Roman College</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1773, following the <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_the_Society_of_Jesus" title="Suppression of the Society of Jesus">suppression of the Society of Jesus</a> throughout Europe, the Jesuits were forced to cede control over the Gregorian University to the Diocese of Rome. But <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XII" title="Pope Leo XII">Pope Leo XII</a> returned the Gregorian to Jesuit control on 17 May 1824 after the reestablishment of the Society of Jesus. </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Rome" title="Capture of Rome">Capture of Rome</a> in 1870, Rome and the <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a> were incorporated into the new <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a>. The new government of Italy then confiscated the Gregorian property and building, converting it into the <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Quirino_Visconti_Liceo_Ginnasio" title="Ennio Quirino Visconti Liceo Ginnasio">Ennio Quirino Visconti Liceo Ginnasio</a>. The Gregorian was forced to move into a much smaller facility at the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Gabrielli-Borromeo" title="Palazzo Gabrielli-Borromeo">Palazzo Gabrielli-Borromeo</a> on Via del Seminario in Rome. Due to its lack of space, the Gregorian was forced to drop all of its faculties except for theology and philosophy. Enrollment dropped to under 250 students by 1875. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX" title="Pope Pius IX">Pope Pius IX</a> later granted the Gregorian the title "Pontifical University". In 1876, the Faculty of <a href="/wiki/Canon_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon Law">Canon Law</a> was transferred from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Rome_La_Sapienza" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Rome La Sapienza">University of Rome La Sapienza</a> to the Gregorian, and the university gradually resumed the teaching of other disciplines. After World War I, <a href="/wiki/Benedict_XV" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedict XV">Pope Benedict XV</a> and his successor, <a href="/wiki/Pius_XI" class="mw-redirect" title="Pius XI">Pope Pius XI</a>, worked to create a new campus for the Gregorian at the base of <a href="/wiki/Quirinal_Hill" title="Quirinal Hill">Quirinal Hill</a>, adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Biblical_Institute" title="Pontifical Biblical Institute">Pontifical Biblical Institute</a> (<i>Biblicum</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pius XI laid the first stone for the new campus on 27 December 1924. Designed by architect <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giulio_Barluzzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giulio Barluzzi (page does not exist)">Giulio Barluzzi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoclassical style">Neoclassical style</a>, it was completed by 1930. After moving to the new campus, the Gregorian continued to expand to new faculties and disciplines as well as to add new buildings. The Pontifical Institute Regina Mundi, dedicated to the theological formation of women, opened in 1955 and closed in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Today">Today</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Today"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greg-atrium-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Greg-atrium-1.jpg/200px-Greg-atrium-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Greg-atrium-1.jpg/300px-Greg-atrium-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Greg-atrium-1.jpg/400px-Greg-atrium-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Central atrium of the Gregorian University</figcaption></figure> <p>Today the Gregorian University has some 2750 students from over 150 countries. About 70% of the students are foreign nationals, with 65% of them coming from non-European Union countries.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most students are priests, seminarians, and members of religious orders. After the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>, the first women to earn doctoral degrees at the university were <a href="/wiki/Sandra_Schneiders" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandra Schneiders">Sandra Schneiders, IHM</a>, and Mary Milligan, <a href="/wiki/Religious_of_the_Sacred_Heart_of_Mary" title="Religious of the Sacred Heart of Mary">RSHM</a>. Both graduates became authorities in <a href="/wiki/New_Testament_theology" title="New Testament theology">New Testament theology</a> and Christian Spirituality.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gregorian faculties are doubt 60% Italian and mainly Jesuit priests.<sup id="cite_ref-pug_assets_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pug_assets-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, there has been an increase in laity in both the faculties and the student body; today, diocesan and religious priests represent about 45%, seminarians 25%, lay men and women 22%, and nuns 8% of the student body.<sup id="cite_ref-pug_assets_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pug_assets-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 1970, the Gregorian discontinued Latin as the principal language of instruction by lecturers and examiners.<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the Gregorian is a <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_university" title="Pontifical university">pontifical university</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> accredits its curriculum, and its degrees have full effect in <a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">canon law</a>. Its <a href="/wiki/Licentiate_(degree)" title="Licentiate (degree)">licentiates</a> in philosophy and <a href="/wiki/Licentiate_of_Sacred_Theology" title="Licentiate of Sacred Theology">theology</a> are conferred by some Jesuit universities worldwide, entitling recipients to teach in major seminaries. </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/Chirograph" title="Chirograph">chirograph</a> of 17 December 2019, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> decreed that the Pontifical Biblical Institute and the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Oriental_Institute" title="Pontifical Oriental Institute">Pontifical Oriental Institute</a>, while retaining their own names and missions, be joined to the Pontifical Gregorian University so as to be part of the same legal entity.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new statutes of the Pontifical Gregorian University with the incorporation of the two pontifical institutes were ratified and approved by the <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" title="Dicastery for Culture and Education">Dicastery for Culture and Education</a> on 11 February 2024, and came into force on 19 May 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 19 May 2024, therefore, the Pontifical Biblical Institute does not have its own rector, being governed by the sole rector of the Pontifical Gregorian University, but is represented by a president.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By decree of the Minister of the Interior of the Italian Republic dated 28 September 2024, the canonical measure was given civil effect.<sup id="cite_ref-" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allegations_of_widespread_plagiarism">Allegations of widespread plagiarism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Allegations of widespread plagiarism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to plagiarism expert Michael Dougherty, there was a "systematic failure to maintain academic integrity at the doctoral level at the Gregorian University in specific disciplines during a relatively recent period."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His 2024 book focused on violations of academic integrity at the famous university from 1995 to 2014, arguing that nine dissertations were severely deficient. Among the works Dougherty analyzes were dissertations submitted by the bishops <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kariuki_Njiru" title="Paul Kariuki Njiru">Paul Kariuki Njiru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fintan_Gavin" title="Fintan Gavin">Fintan Gavin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Robson" title="Stephen Robson">Stephen Robson</a>. Earlier accounts of plagiarism in published doctoral dissertations were documented in review articles in <i>The Catholic Biblical Quarterly</i><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Analecta Cisterciensia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A special commission of three persons claimed to have found only once instance of plagiarism in Robson's thesis; therefore the university took no disciplinary action.<sup id="cite_ref-" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academics">Academics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Academics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gregorian_Consortium">Gregorian Consortium</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gregorian Consortium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Gregorian University is one of three member institutes that make up the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Consortium" title="Gregorian Consortium">Gregorian Consortium</a>; the other two institutions are the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Biblical_Institute" title="Pontifical Biblical Institute">Pontifical Biblical Institute</a> (founded in 1909) and the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Oriental_Institute" title="Pontifical Oriental Institute">Pontifical Oriental Institute</a> (founded in 1917).<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Consortium was created under <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XI" title="Pope Pius XI">Pope Pius XI</a>, in 1928. The consortium ceased to exist on 19 May 2024, when both of the institutes were absorbed into the Pontifical Gregorian University.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_units">Academic units</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Academic units"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The University is governed by a single Rector, assisted by the three presidents who promote the fulfilment of the missions of the Pontifical Biblical Institute, the Pontifical Oriental Institute and the Collegium Maximum. The latter body represents the academic units previously established at the Gregorian University.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pontifical Gregorian University has today ten faculties, three institutes and five centres, all of which offer academic degrees. </p> <ul><li><b>Collegium Maximum:</b> <ul><li>Faculty of Theology (<i>majors:</i> Biblical Theology, Dogmatic Theology, Fundamental Theology, Moral Theology, Patristic, Comparative Christian Theology, Spiritual Theology, Vocational Theology)</li> <li>Faculty of Philosophy (<i>minors:</i> Practical Philosophy, Theoretical Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion)</li> <li>Faculty of Canon Law (<i>minors:</i> Matrimonial Jurisprudence, Penal Jurisprudence)</li> <li>Faculty of History and Cultural Heritage of the Church (<i>majors:</i> Cultural Heritage of the Church, History of the Church)</li> <li>Faculty of Missiology (<i>minors:</i> <i>Missio Ad Gentes</i>, New Evangelization, Theology of Religions)</li> <li>Faculty of Social Sciences (<i>majors:</i> Social Communication, Social Doctrine of the Church, Sociology, Leadership and Management)</li></ul></li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Aula_anfiteatro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Aula_anfiteatro.jpg/230px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Aula_anfiteatro.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Aula_anfiteatro.jpg/345px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Aula_anfiteatro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Aula_anfiteatro.jpg/460px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Aula_anfiteatro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1756" data-file-height="1293" /></a><figcaption><i>Aula magna</i> (great hall) at Gregorian University (1930)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><ul><li>Institute of Psychology</li> <li>Institute of Anthropology (former Centre for Child Protection)</li> <li>Institute of Spirituality</li> <li>Centre "Cardinal Bea" for Judaic Studies</li> <li>Centre "Saint Peter Favre" for Formators to the Priesthood and Religious Life</li> <li>Centre "Alberto Hurtado" for Faith and Culture</li> <li>Gregorian Centre for Interreligious Studies</li> <li>Ignatian Spirituality Centre</li></ul></li> <li><b>Pontifical Biblical Institute:</b> <ul><li>Faculty of Ancient Near Eastern Studies</li> <li>Faculty of Sacred Scriptures</li></ul></li> <li><b>Pontifical Oriental Institute:</b> <ul><li>Faculty of Eastern Canon Law</li> <li>Faculty of Eastern Ecclesiastical Sciences (<i>majors:</i> History, Liturgy, Patristics)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libraries">Libraries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Libraries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The three libraries of the Gregorian Consortium contain nearly 1.2 million volumes,<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with large collections in the fields of theology, philosophy, culture and literature. The original Roman College library was founded in 1556. In 1872, the Gregorian library's 45,000 volumes, manuscripts, and archives were confiscated by the new Italian state; they were dispersed, with some of the collection going to the new <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nazionale_Centrale_di_Roma" title="Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma">Rome National Central Library</a>. </p><p>Since 1928 the Gregorian library has been located on the Gregorian campus at Quirinal Hill. The majority of the library's collection, 820,000 volumes, is housed in a six-floor tower adjacent to the Palazzo Centrale. An additional 60,000 volumes are housed in the six reading rooms, which together seat 400 students. The library's reserve contains many ancient and precious books as well as rare editions, including 80 books from the 16th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archives_of_the_Pontifical_Gregorian_University">Archives of the Pontifical Gregorian University</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Archives of the Pontifical Gregorian University"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Archives of the Pontifical Gregorian University (APUG) contain Jesuit records from the founding of the Roman College in 1551 to the suppression of the Jesuits in 1773. APUG has over 5,000 manuscripts for teaching <a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">rhetoric</a>, grammar, philosophy and theology along with research on Greek and Latin classics, <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a>, mathematics, physics, Latin, Greek, Hebrew and Arabic. </p><p>Many of the APUG manuscripts were copied by auditores, others are autographs of masters such as Famiano Strada, Christopher Clavius, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Suarez" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Suarez">Francisco Suarez</a>, Roberto Bellarmino, <a href="/wiki/Mutio_Vitelleschi" title="Mutio Vitelleschi">Mutio Vitelleschi</a>, Roger Joseph Boscovich, <a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_Villalpando" title="Juan Bautista Villalpando">Juan Bautista Villalpando</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Toledo" title="Francisco de Toledo">Francisco de Toledo</a>. In some cases, these lesson notes gave origin to important works, like the Bellarmino's Controversie, of which APUG owns a copy with a lot of handwritten notes by the author. Other important documents at APUG include <a href="/wiki/Athanasius_Kircher" title="Athanasius Kircher">Athanasius Kircher</a>'s correspondence, the Christopher Clavius's correspondence or the codex used by <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Sforza_Pallavicino" title="Francesco Sforza Pallavicino">Francesco Sforza Pallavicino</a> to write his <i>Istoria del Concilio di Trento</i>. </p><p>Many miscellaneous documents at APUG highlight the relations between the Roman College and many of the Jesuits in mission around the world. These documents provide insight on the Church Reforms, the grace or moral debates, the <a href="/wiki/Jansenism" title="Jansenism">Jansenist</a> polemic and Chinese rites. APUG also contains documentation about the teaching activity from the 19th century until today: it is the official repository for all the professors who have taught at the Gregorian since 1873. This also includes documents on the <a href="/wiki/First_Vatican_Council" title="First Vatican Council">First Vatican Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gregorian_and_Biblical_Press_(1913–2023)"><span id="Gregorian_and_Biblical_Press_.281913.E2.80.932023.29"></span>Gregorian and Biblical Press (1913–2023)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Gregorian and Biblical Press (1913–2023)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Biblioteca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Biblioteca.jpg/300px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Biblioteca.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Biblioteca.jpg/450px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Biblioteca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Biblioteca.jpg/600px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana._Biblioteca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1707" data-file-height="1247" /></a><figcaption>Gregorian library, 1930</figcaption></figure> <p>The GBPress (Gregorian and Biblical Press) was founded, financed, and run by the Pontifical Gregorian University and the Pontifical Biblical Institute in Rome. Founded in 1913 and closed in 2023, it printed documents and published periodicals and monographs in most major theological subject areas. Very many of the dissertations accepted by the university were published there.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extraterritoriality">Extraterritoriality</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Extraterritoriality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Article 16 of the <a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a>, a 1929 agreement between the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Italy" title="Government of Italy">Government of Italy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>, the Gregorian University enjoys a certain level of <a href="/wiki/Extraterritoriality" title="Extraterritoriality">extraterritoriality</a>. According to the treaty, Italy can never subject the university to "charges or to expropriation for reasons of public utility, save by previous agreement with the Holy See." The Gregorian is also exempt from all Italian tax and is included among those Roman buildings for which the Holy See has the right to deal "as it may deem fit, without obtaining the authorization or consent of the Italian governmental, provincial, or communal authority."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_students_and_professors">Notable students and professors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notable students and professors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christopher_Clavius.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Christopher_Clavius.jpg/230px-Christopher_Clavius.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Christopher_Clavius.jpg/345px-Christopher_Clavius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Christopher_Clavius.jpg/460px-Christopher_Clavius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1406" /></a><figcaption>German Jesuit <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Clavius" title="Christopher Clavius">Christopher Clavius</a>, inventor of <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>, alumnus and professor at the Roman College</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main category: <a href="/wiki/Category:Pontifical_Gregorian_University_alumni" title="Category:Pontifical Gregorian University alumni">Pontifical Gregorian University alumni</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main category: <a href="/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_Pontifical_Gregorian_University" title="Category:Academic staff of the Pontifical Gregorian University">Academic staff of the Pontifical Gregorian University</a></div> <p>Gregorian's alumni include 17 popes,<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XV" title="Pope Gregory XV">Pope Gregory XV</a>, Pope Urban VIII, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_X" title="Pope Innocent X">Pope Innocent X</a>, Pope Clement XI, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a>, Pope Pius XII, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_I" title="Pope John Paul I">Pope John Paul I</a>. Eight of the last eleven popes were alumni of the Gregorian.<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other students include 72 saints and <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatified</a> persons<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bellarmine" title="Robert Bellarmine">Saint Robert Bellarmine</a>, Saint Aloysius Gonzaga and <a href="/wiki/Maximillian_Kolbe" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximillian Kolbe">Saint Maximilian Kolbe</a>. Former Gregorian professors include <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Joseph Ratzinger</a>, later Pope Benedict XVI, a visiting professor in the Faculty of Theology from 1972 to 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gregorian alumni and professors include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Bartholomew I">Bartholomew I</a>, Greek Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople and New Rome</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_(title)" title="Mar (title)">Mar</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Kallarangatt" title="Joseph Kallarangatt">Joseph Kallarangatt</a>, Indian theologian and bishop of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Palai</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simona_Brambilla" title="Simona Brambilla">Simona Brambilla</a>, Italian nun and member of Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Boscovich" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Boscovich">Roger Boscovich</a>, Croat Jesuit priest, physicist and mathematician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cairns_(politician)" title="David Cairns (politician)">David Cairns</a>, Scottish politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Clavius" title="Christopher Clavius">Christopher Clavius</a>, German Jesuit priest and inventor of the Gregorian calendar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Dolphin" title="Brenda Dolphin">Brenda Dolphin</a>, psychologist, Sister of Mercy and Postulator for the Cause of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_McAuley" title="Catherine McAuley">Catherine McAuley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_D%C3%B6rr" title="Friedrich Dörr">Friedrich Dörr</a>, German priest, professor and hymnwriter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Jules_Mazarin" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Jules Mazarin">Jules Mazarin</a>, French cardinal and prime minister to the <a href="/wiki/French_monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="French monarchy">French monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Perumthottam" title="Joseph Perumthottam">Joseph Perumthottam</a>, Indian Metropolitan of the <a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_Catholic_Archeparchy_of_Changanacherry" title="Syro-Malabar Catholic Archeparchy of Changanacherry">Syro-Malabar Catholic Archeparchy of Changanacherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Foster_(Latinist)" title="Reginald Foster (Latinist)">Reginald Foster</a>, American priest, <a href="/wiki/Latinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinist">Latinist</a> and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filippo_Grandi" title="Filippo Grandi">Filippo Grandi</a>, Italian Commissioner-General of <a href="/wiki/UNRWA" title="UNRWA">UNRWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Henrici" title="Peter Henrici">Peter Henrici</a>, Swiss Jesuit priest, philosopher and <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Chur" title="Bishop of Chur">Auxiliary Bishop of Chur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Imkamp" title="Wilhelm Imkamp">Wilhelm Imkamp</a>, German priest, theologian and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Lana_de_Terzi" title="Francesco Lana de Terzi">Francesco Lana de Terzi</a>, Italian Jesuit priest and aeronautics scientist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lonergan" title="Bernard Lonergan">Bernard Lonergan</a>, Canadian Jesuit priest, philosopher, theologian and economist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Maier" title="Heinrich Maier">Heinrich Maier</a>, Austrian priest and resistance fighter against <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_McAleese" title="Mary McAleese">Mary McAleese</a>, former President of Ireland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Navone" title="John Navone">John Navone</a>, American Jesuit priest, professor, theologian and author</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana_facciata_notte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana_facciata_notte.jpg/220px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana_facciata_notte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana_facciata_notte.jpg/330px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana_facciata_notte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana_facciata_notte.jpg/440px-Pontificia_Universit%C3%A0_Gregoriana_facciata_notte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2644" data-file-height="1816" /></a><figcaption>Current site of the Gregoriana at night</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Fahey" title="Denis Fahey">Denis Fahey</a>, Irish priest and theological writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_Kircher" title="Athanasius Kircher">Athanasius Kircher</a>, German Jesuit priest, scholar and polymath</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_K%C3%BCng" title="Hans Küng">Hans Küng</a>, Swiss priest and theologian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curran_(theologian)" title="Charles Curran (theologian)">Charles Curran</a>, American priest and moral theologian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Riccati" title="Vincenzo Riccati">Vincenzo Riccati</a>, Venetian Jesuit priest and inventor of hyperbolic functions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luca_Valerio" title="Luca Valerio">Luca Valerio</a>, Italian Jesuit priest and mathematician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Guldin" title="Paul Guldin">Paul Guldin</a>, Swiss Jesuit priest, mathematician and astronomer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero">Óscar Romero</a>, Salvadoran archbishop and activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Vittorio_Rossi" title="Gian Vittorio Rossi">Gian Vittorio Rossi</a>, Italian poet, philologist and historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Salvadori" title="Andrea Salvadori">Andrea Salvadori</a>, Italian poet and librettist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henricus_Smeulders" title="Henricus Smeulders">Henricus Smeulders</a>, Belgian Procurator General of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Cistercians" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Cistercians">Cistercian Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wijngaards" title="John Wijngaards">John Wijngaards</a>, Dutch theologian and former priest</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_V._Schall" title="James V. Schall">James V. Schall</a>, American Jesuit priest, writer, philosopher and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_A._Sullivan" title="Francis A. Sullivan">Francis A. Sullivan</a>, American Jesuit priest, theologian and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_Sunda-Meya" title="Anderson Sunda-Meya">Anderson Sunda-Meya</a>, Congolese-American physicist and educator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Tracy" title="David Tracy">David Tracy</a>, American priest, theologian and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Zucchi" title="Niccolò Zucchi">Niccolò Zucchi</a>, Italian Jesuit priest, astronomer and physicist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Augustine_Kalilombe" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Augustine Kalilombe">Patrick Augustine Kalilombe</a>, Malawian theologian and Bishop of <a href="/wiki/Lilongwe" title="Lilongwe">Lilongwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ruiz" title="Samuel Ruiz">Samuel Ruiz</a>, Mexican theologian and bishop of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_Las_Casas" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of San Cristóbal de Las Casas">San Cristóbal de Las Casas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ademar_Agostinho_Sauthier" title="Ademar Agostinho Sauthier">Ademar Agostinho Sauthier</a>, Brazilian theologian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_M._Schneiders" title="Sandra M. Schneiders">Sandra M. Schneiders</a>, American theologian, writer and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_India_of_Afghanistan" title="Princess India of Afghanistan">Princess India of Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Milligan" title="Mary Milligan">Mary Milligan</a>, theologian and professor. First woman to graduate from the Gregorian<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Benanti" title="Paolo Benanti">Paolo Benanti</a>, Franciscan priest, theologian and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquilino_Cayuela" title="Aquilino Cayuela">Aquilino Cayuela</a>, Spanish writer and professor specializing in moral philosophy, politics, bioethics, and theology</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Cesare_Pagazzi" title="Giovanni Cesare Pagazzi">Giovanni Cesare Pagazzi</a>, titular archbishop of <a href="/wiki/Belcastro" title="Belcastro">Belcastro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kenny" title="Anthony Kenny">Sir Anthony Kenny</a>, philosopher</li></ul> <p>The majority of the church's leaders graduated from the Gregorian; one-third of the current <a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a> studied there at one time or another, and more than 900 bishops worldwide are among its 12,000 living alumni.<sup id="cite_ref-fact_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fact-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_early_modern_universities_in_Europe" title="List of early modern universities in Europe">List of early modern universities in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jesuit_sites" title="List of Jesuit sites">List of Jesuit sites</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMichael_V._Dougherty2024" class="citation book cs1">Michael V. Dougherty (21 May 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/display/title/70376"><i>New Techniques for Proving Plagiarism: Case Studies from the Sacred Disciplines at the Pontifical Gregorian University</i></a>. Leiden, Boston: <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004699854">10.1163/9789004699854</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-69985-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-69985-4"><bdi>978-90-04-69985-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2024015877">2024015877</a>. <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126371346" class="extiw" title="d:Q126371346">Q126371346</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Techniques+for+Proving+Plagiarism%3A+Case+Studies+from+the+Sacred+Disciplines+at+the+Pontifical+Gregorian+University&rft.place=Leiden%2C+Boston&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2024-05-21&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2024015877&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004699854&rft.isbn=978-90-04-69985-4&rft.au=Michael+V.+Dougherty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fdisplay%2Ftitle%2F70376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jesuits.global/2022/06/14/fr-mark-a-lewis-is-the-new-rector-of-the-gregorian-university/">"Fr. Mark A. Lewis is the new Rector of the Gregorian University | the Society of Jesus"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fr.+Mark+A.+Lewis+is+the+new+Rector+of+the+Gregorian+University+%26%23124%3B+the+Society+of+Jesus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jesuits.global%2F2022%2F06%2F14%2Ffr-mark-a-lewis-is-the-new-rector-of-the-gregorian-university%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unigre.it/Univ/documenti/ordo_2016-17_170224.pdf">"Ordo anni academici"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Italian). Rome: Pontifical Gregorian University. 2017 [2016]. p. 181<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ordo+anni+academici&rft.place=Rome&rft.pages=181&rft.pub=Pontifical+Gregorian+University&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unigre.it%2FUniv%2Fdocumenti%2Fordo_2016-17_170224.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pug_assets-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pug_assets_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pug_assets_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pug_assets_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unigre.it/pug_assets/it/assets/File/Gregoriana_ENG_54_01_36_web.pdf">"Academic Year 2018/2019"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Gregoriana</i>. <b>54</b>: 36–38. Summer 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gregoriana&rft.atitle=Academic+Year+2018%2F2019&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=54&rft.pages=36-38&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unigre.it%2Fpug_assets%2Fit%2Fassets%2FFile%2FGregoriana_ENG_54_01_36_web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmir_Alexander2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Amir_Alexander" title="Amir Alexander">Amir Alexander</a> (2014). <i>Infinitesimal: How a Dangerous Mathematical Theory Shaped the Modern World</i>. Scientific American / Farrar, Straus and Giroux. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-374-17681-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-374-17681-5"><bdi>978-0-374-17681-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Infinitesimal%3A+How+a+Dangerous+Mathematical+Theory+Shaped+the+Modern+World&rft.pub=Scientific+American+%2F+Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-374-17681-5&rft.au=Amir+Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span>, p. 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collegio_Romano" class="extiw" title="it:Collegio Romano">it:Collegio Romano</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Malley1993" class="citation book cs1">O'Malley, John (1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/firstjesuits00omal"><i>The First Jesuits</i></a></span>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/firstjesuits00omal/page/366">366</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-30313-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-30313-3"><bdi>978-0-674-30313-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Jesuits&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=366&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-674-30313-3&rft.aulast=O%27Malley&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffirstjesuits00omal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fact-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fact_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100304151103/http://www.the-gregorian.com/fact.htm">"Fact Sheet"</a>. The Gregorian University Foundation. 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.the-gregorian.com/fact.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=The+Gregorian+University+Foundation&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-gregorian.com%2Ffact.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenit.org/2005/05/24/mission-fulfilled-regina-mundi-to-close/">"Mission Fulfilled, Regina Mundi to Close"</a>. <i>ZENIT</i>. 24 May 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZENIT&rft.atitle=Mission+Fulfilled%2C+Regina+Mundi+to+Close&rft.date=2005-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenit.org%2F2005%2F05%2F24%2Fmission-fulfilled-regina-mundi-to-close%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenit.org/2005/03/15/theological-institute-for-women-reaches-a-milestone/">"Theological Institute for Women Reaches a Milestone"</a>. <i>ZENIT</i>. 15 March 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZENIT&rft.atitle=Theological+Institute+for+Women+Reaches+a+Milestone&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenit.org%2F2005%2F03%2F15%2Ftheological-institute-for-women-reaches-a-milestone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unigre.it/en/students/admission/foreign-students/">"International Students"</a>. <i>Pontifical Gregorian University</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pontifical+Gregorian+University&rft.atitle=International+Students&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unigre.it%2Fen%2Fstudents%2Fadmission%2Fforeign-students%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: The named reference ":0" was defined multiple times with different content (see the <a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_duplicate_key" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error references duplicate key">help page</a>).</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/atto/serie_generale/caricaDettaglioAtto/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=2024-10-25&atto.codiceRedazionale=24A05613&elenco30giorni=false">"Fusione per incorporazione del Pontificio Istituto Biblico e del Pontificio Istituto Orientale nella Pontificia Università Gregoriana, in Roma. (24A05613) (GU Serie Generale n.251 del 25-10-2024)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fusione+per+incorporazione+del+Pontificio+Istituto+Biblico+e+del+Pontificio+Istituto+Orientale+nella+Pontificia+Universit%C3%A0+Gregoriana%2C+in+Roma.+%2824A05613%29+%28GU+Serie+Generale+n.251+del+25-10-2024%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazzettaufficiale.it%2Fatto%2Fserie_generale%2FcaricaDettaglioAtto%2Foriginario%3Fatto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta%3D2024-10-25%26atto.codiceRedazionale%3D24A05613%26elenco30giorni%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFV._Dougherty2024" class="citation book cs1">V. Dougherty, M. (21 May 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/title/70376"><i>New Techniques for Proving Plagiarism: Case Studies from the Sacred Disciplines at the Pontifical Gregorian University</i></a>. Brill. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004699854">10.1163/9789004699854</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-69985-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-69985-4"><bdi>978-90-04-69985-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Techniques+for+Proving+Plagiarism%3A+Case+Studies+from+the+Sacred+Disciplines+at+the+Pontifical+Gregorian+University&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2024-05-21&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004699854&rft.isbn=978-90-04-69985-4&rft.aulast=V.+Dougherty&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fview%2Ftitle%2F70376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhrman1990" class="citation journal cs1">Ehrman, Bart (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43718071">"Book Reviews"</a>. <i>The Catholic Biblical Quarterly</i>. <b>51</b> (2): 169–179.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Catholic+Biblical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Book+Reviews&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=169-179&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43718071&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchachenmayr2019" class="citation journal cs1">Schachenmayr, Alkuin (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/41646959/Concerns_about_Bishop_Stephen_Robsons_Dissertation_on_Bernard_of_Clairvaux">"Concerns about Bishop Stephen Robson's Dissertation on Bernard of Clairvaux"</a>. <i>Analecta Cisterciensia</i>. <b>69</b>: 420–428 – via Academia.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analecta+Cisterciensia&rft.atitle=Concerns+about+Bishop+Stephen+Robson%27s+Dissertation+on+Bernard+of+Clairvaux&rft.volume=69&rft.pages=420-428&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Schachenmayr&rft.aufirst=Alkuin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F41646959%2FConcerns_about_Bishop_Stephen_Robsons_Dissertation_on_Bernard_of_Clairvaux&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/43725/gregorian-university-clears-scottish-bishop-accused-of-plagiarism">"Gregorian University clears Scottish bishop accused of plagiarism"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gregorian+University+clears+Scottish+bishop+accused+of+plagiarism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F43725%2Fgregorian-university-clears-scottish-bishop-accused-of-plagiarism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.unigre.it/en/events-and-communication/communication/news-and-press-releases/new-configuration-of-the-pontifical-gregorian-university/">https://www.unigre.it/en/events-and-communication/communication/news-and-press-releases/new-configuration-of-the-pontifical-gregorian-university/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVatican_News" class="citation web cs1">Vatican News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2024-03/pope-joins-three-jesuit-run-pontifical-universities-into-single.html">"Jesuits complete merger of three Pontifical Universities into single entity"</a>. <i>Vatican News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vatican+News&rft.atitle=Jesuits+complete+merger+of+three+Pontifical+Universities+into+single+entity&rft.au=Vatican+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaticannews.va%2Fen%2Fchurch%2Fnews%2F2024-03%2Fpope-joins-three-jesuit-run-pontifical-universities-into-single.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unigre.it/it/universita/chi-siamo/liber-annualis/edizioni/liber-annualis-2023/"><i>Liber annualis. Pontificia Università Gregoriana</i></a>. Rome (published 2023). 31 July 2023. p. 196.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Liber+annualis.+Pontificia+Universit%C3%A0+Gregoriana&rft.place=Rome&rft.pages=196&rft.date=2023-07-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unigre.it%2Fit%2Funiversita%2Fchi-siamo%2Fliber-annualis%2Fedizioni%2Fliber-annualis-2023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240611064649/https://www.concordatwatch.eu/lateran-conciliation-treaty-1929-text--t39211">"Lateran Conciliation Treaty (1929): text"</a>. <i>Concordat watch</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.concordatwatch.eu/lateran-conciliation-treaty-1929-text--t39211">the original</a> on 11 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Concordat+watch&rft.atitle=Lateran+Conciliation+Treaty+%281929%29%3A+text&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.concordatwatch.eu%2Flateran-conciliation-treaty-1929-text--t39211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APontifical+Gregorian+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For a summary description of all of the set of scholars and literati who intervened in teaching at the University Gregorian University of Rome since its inception to the suppression  of the Society of Jesus in 1773, see <a href="/wiki/David_de_la_Croix" title="David de la Croix">David de la Croix</a> and Soraya Karioun (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ojs.uclouvain.be/index.php/RETE/article/view/61283/57433">Scholars and Literati at the Gregorian University of Rome (1551–1773)</a>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ojs.uclouvain.be/index.php/RETE/index">Repertorium Eruditorum Totius Europae/RETE. 3:19–26</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Poss, Janice. Chapter 7 "Mary Milligan, RSHM, STD: Selvage Leadership within the Fabric of Church" in Colleen D. Hartung, editor. Challenging Bias against Women Academics in Religion, 25 October 2021, atla open press, pages 145–175 ISBN 978-1949800272 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.31046/atlaopenpress.46">https://doi.org/10.31046/atlaopenpress.46</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Gregorian_University&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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title="Antonianum">Antonianum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gregoriana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lateran_University" title="Pontifical Lateran University">Lateranensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesian_Pontifical_University" title="Salesian Pontifical University">Salesianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="Pontifical University of the Holy Cross">Santa Croce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Urban_University" title="Pontifical Urban University">Urbaniana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_universities_in_Rome#Pontifical_Athenaea_(can._814)" title="Pontifical universities in Rome">Athenaea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anselmianum" title="Anselmianum">Anselmianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Athenaeum_Regina_Apostolorum" title="Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum">Regina Apostolorum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_universities_in_Rome#Pontifical_Faculties_(can._814)" title="Pontifical universities in Rome">Faculties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxilium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auxilium (page does not exist)">Auxilium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianum" title="Marianum">Marianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_St._Bonaventure" title="Pontifical University of St. Bonaventure">Seraphicum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresianum" title="Teresianum">Teresianum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_universities_in_Rome#Pontifical_Institutes_(can._814)" title="Pontifical universities in Rome">Institutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Institute_of_Arab_and_Islamic_Studies" title="Pontifical Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies">Arab and Islamic Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Institute_of_Christian_Archaeology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pontifical Institute of Christian Archaeology (page does not exist)">Christian Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Pontifical_Theological_Institute_for_Marriage_and_Family_Sciences" title="John Paul II Pontifical Theological Institute for Marriage and Family Sciences">John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Institute_of_Ambrosian_Sacred_Music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pontifical Institute of Ambrosian Sacred Music (page does not exist)">Sacred Ambrosian Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Institute_of_Sacred_Music" title="Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music">Sacred Music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_universities_in_Rome#Pontifical_Institutions_incorporated_or_associated_to_others_(can._814)" title="Pontifical universities in Rome">Autonomous institutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphonsian_Academy" title="Alphonsian Academy">Alphonsianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patristic_Institute_Augustinianum" class="mw-redirect" title="Patristic Institute Augustinianum">Augustinianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Biblical_Institute" title="Pontifical Biblical Institute">Biblicum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_the_Theology_of_the_Consecrated_Life_Claretianum" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of the Theology of the Consecrated Life Claretianum">Claretianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Oriental_Institute" title="Pontifical Oriental Institute">Orientalium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_academy" title="Pontifical academy">Academies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_for_Life" title="Pontifical Academy for Life">Life</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Sciences</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Social_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences">Social Sciences</a><br /><b><i>Dicastery for Culture and Education</i>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Archaeology" title="Pontifical Academy of Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Fine_Arts_and_Letters_of_the_Virtuosi_al_Pantheon" title="Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon">Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_for_Latin" title="Pontifical Academy for Latin">Latin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Martyrs" title="Pontifical Academy of Martyrs">Martyrs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Mary" title="Pontifical Academy of Mary">Mary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Pontifical Academy of Saint Thomas Aquinas">St. Thomas Aquinas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Theology" title="Pontifical Academy of Theology">Theology</a><br /><b><i>Abolished</i>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Arcadia" title="Pontifical Academy of Arcadia">Arcadia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Pontifical Academy of the Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Ecclesiastical_Academy" title="Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy">Ecclesiastical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastorale_Universitaria" title="Pastorale Universitaria">Pastorale Universitaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Colleges" title="Roman Colleges">Pontifical Colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Institute_of_Sacred_Liturgy" title="Pontifical Institute of Sacred Liturgy">Sacred Liturgy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Diploma_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/16px-Diploma_icon.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/24px-Diploma_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/32px-Diploma_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Education">Education portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Christian_universities_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#173468; color: #ffffff;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christian_universities_in_Europe" title="Template:Christian universities in Europe"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #ffffff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Christian_universities_in_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Christian universities in Europe (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #ffffff">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christian_universities_in_Europe" 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Berlin (page does not exist)">KHSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Applied_Sciences_Freiburg" title="Catholic University of Applied Sciences Freiburg">KH Freiburg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelische_Hochschule_Darmstadt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelische Hochschule Darmstadt (page does not exist)">EHD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Ludwigsburg_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical Ludwigsburg University (page does not exist)">EFH Ludwigsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_University_of_Applied_Sciences_for_Social_Work,_Education,_and_Care&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical University of Applied Sciences for Social Work, Education, and Care (page does not exist)">EHS Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Applied_Sciences,_Mainz" title="Catholic University of Applied Sciences, Mainz">KH Mainz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catholic_University_of_Applied_Sciences_Munich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catholic University of Applied Sciences Munich (page does not exist)">KSH München</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_University_of_Applied_Sciences_Nuremberg" title="Lutheran University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg">EVHN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libera_Universit%C3%A0_Maria_SS._Assunta" title="Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta">LUMSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas">Angelicum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="Pontifical University of the Holy Cross">PUSC</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">UniGre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lateran_University" title="Pontifical Lateran University">PUL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonianum" title="Antonianum">Antonianum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Cattolica_del_Sacro_Cuore" title="Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore">UniCatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesian_Pontifical_University" title="Salesian Pontifical University">UPS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ede_Christian_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Ede Christian University of Applied Sciences">CHE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reformed_University_of_Applies_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reformed University of Applies Sciences (page does not exist)">GH-GPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Nijmegen" title="Radboud University Nijmegen">RU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilburg_University" title="Tilburg University">Tilburg University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Christian_Humanities_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian Christian Humanities Academy (page does not exist)">RCHGI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_John_University_(Russia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint John University (Russia) (page does not exist)">RPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Tikhon%27s_Orthodox_University" title="Saint Tikhon's Orthodox University">PSTGU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaoksky_Adventist_University" title="Zaoksky Adventist University">ZAU</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CEU_Cardinal_Herrera_University" title="CEU Cardinal Herrera University">CEU Herrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia_Catholic_University_Saint_Vincent_Martyr" title="Valencia Catholic University Saint Vincent Martyr">UCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Deusto" title="University of Deusto">Deusto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Navarra" title="University of Navarra">UNAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comillas_Pontifical_University" title="Comillas Pontifical University">Comillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_University_of_Salamanca" title="Pontifical University of Salamanca">UPSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universidad_CEU_San_Pablo" title="Universidad CEU San Pablo">CEU San Pablo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Ramon_Llull" title="University Ramon Llull">URL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#173468; color: #ffffff;">Other countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Austria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_University_Vienna" title="International University Vienna">IU</a></li></ul></li> <li>Belgium <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain" title="UCLouvain">UCLouvain</a></li></ul></li> <li>Finland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diaconia_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Diaconia University of Applied Sciences">DIAK</a></li></ul></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Lille" title="Université catholique de Lille">UCLi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_the_West" title="Catholic University of the West">UCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Lyon" title="Catholic University of Lyon">UCLy</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hungary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roli_G%C3%A1sp%C3%A1r_University_of_the_Reformed_Church_in_Hungary" title="Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary">KRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1zm%C3%A1ny_P%C3%A9ter_Catholic_University" title="Pázmány Péter Catholic University">PPCU</a></li></ul></li> <li>Lithuania <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LCC_International_University" title="LCC International University">LCC</a></li></ul></li> <li>Norway <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansgar_College_and_Theological_Seminary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ansgar College and Theological Seminary (page does not exist)">Ansgarskolen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diakonhjemmet_University_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diakonhjemmet University College (page does not exist)">Diakonhjemmet</a></li></ul></li> <li>Poland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_II_Catholic_University_of_Lublin" title="John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin">KUL</a></li></ul></li> <li>Portugal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Portugal" title="Catholic University of Portugal">UCP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Romania <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emanuel_University_of_Orade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emanuel University of Orade (page does not exist)">Emanuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partium_Christian_University" title="Partium Christian University">Partium</a></li></ul></li> <li>Slovakia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_in_Ru%C5%BEomberok" title="Catholic University in Ružomberok">KU Ružomberok</a></li></ul></li> <li>Switzerland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Fribourg" title="University of Fribourg">UniFr</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Christ_Church_University" title="Canterbury Christ Church University">CCCU</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Catholic_University" title="Ukrainian Catholic University">UCU</a></li></ul></li> <li>Vatican <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Urban_University" title="Pontifical Urban University">Urbaniana</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467025#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121689431">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121586555">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/139058582">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/131283867">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/43053-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50051998">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11866921t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11866921t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36262307">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pontificia Università gregoriana"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20030214010&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX93656">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/627971">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/12491">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007266619005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058516327706706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0688745X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" 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