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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaliyomo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mwanzo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kilatini_cha_Roma_ya_Kale_kama_lugha_mama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kilatini_cha_Roma_ya_Kale_kama_lugha_mama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kilatini cha Roma ya Kale kama lugha mama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kilatini_cha_Roma_ya_Kale_kama_lugha_mama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lugha_za_Kirumi_zinazotumiwa_kitaifa:" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lugha_za_Kirumi_zinazotumiwa_kitaifa:"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lugha za Kirumi zinazotumiwa kitaifa:</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lugha_za_Kirumi_zinazotumiwa_kitaifa:-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lugha_za_Kirumi_zinazotumiwa_kieneo:" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lugha_za_Kirumi_zinazotumiwa_kieneo:"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lugha za Kirumi zinazotumiwa kieneo:</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lugha_za_Kirumi_zinazotumiwa_kieneo:-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lugha_za_kimataifa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lugha_za_kimataifa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Lugha za kimataifa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lugha_za_kimataifa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tanbihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tanbihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tanbihi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tanbihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viungo_vya_nje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Viungo vya nje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaliyomo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lugha za Kirumi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nenda kwenye makala kwa lugha nyingine. Lugha 149 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-149" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 149</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaanse_tale" title="Romaanse tale – Kiafrikana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Romaanse tale" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Kiafrikana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanische_Sprachen" title="Romanische Sprachen – Kijerumani cha Uswisi" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Romanische Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani cha Uswisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AE%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5_%E1%89%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%89%8B%E1%8B%8E%E1%89%BD" title="ሮማንስ ቋንቋዎች – Kiamhari" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሮማንስ ቋንቋዎች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Kiamhari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luengas_romances" title="Luengas romances – Kiaragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Luengas romances" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Kiaragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanisc_spr%C3%A6c" title="Romanisc spræc – Kiingereza cha Kale" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Romanisc spræc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza cha Kale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لغات رومانسية – Kiarabu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغات رومانسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%A1%DC%90%DC%A2%DC%A3%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܪܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ – Kiaramu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܪܘܡܐܢܣܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Kiaramu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lling%C3%BCes_rom%C3%A1niques" title="Llingües romániques – Kiasturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingües romániques" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Kiasturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Романиял мацӀал – Kiavari" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Романиял мацӀал" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Kiavari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_dill%C9%99ri" title="Roman dilləri – Kiazerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Roman dilləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Kiazerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="رومان دیللری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رومان دیللری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanische_Sprochn" title="Romanische Sprochn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Romanische Sprochn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_Latin" title="Mga Latin – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mga Latin" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Раманскія мовы – Kibelarusi" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Раманскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Kibelarusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Раманскія мовы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Раманскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Романски езици – Kibulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Романски езици" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Kibulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9" title="রোমান্স ভাষাসমূহ – Kibengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রোমান্স ভাষাসমূহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Kibengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="ལ་ཊིན་ནས་ཆད་པའི་ཡུལ་སྐད། – Kitibeti" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལ་ཊིན་ནས་ཆད་པའི་ཡུལ་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Kitibeti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yezho%C3%B9_romanek" title="Yezhoù romanek – Kibretoni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yezhoù romanek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Kibretoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanski_jezici" title="Romanski jezici – Kibosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Romanski jezici" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Kibosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_rom%C3%A0niques" title="Llengües romàniques – Kikatalani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengües romàniques" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kikatalani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinulongang_Romanse" title="Pinulongang Romanse – Kichebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pinulongang Romanse" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Kichebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95_%DA%95%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان – Kikurdi cha Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi cha Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue_rumaniche" title="Lingue rumaniche – Kikosikani" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Lingue rumaniche" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Kikosikani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_jazyky" title="Románské jazyky – Kicheki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Románské jazyky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Kicheki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%A9%EA%99%81%EA%99%91%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Романьсци ѩꙁꙑци – Kislovakia cha Kanisa" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Романьсци ѩꙁꙑци" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia cha Kanisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieithoedd_Rom%C3%A1wns" title="Ieithoedd Romáwns – Kiwelisi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ieithoedd Romáwns" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Kiwelisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanske_sprog" title="Romanske sprog – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Romanske sprog" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanische_Sprachen" title="Romanische Sprachen – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Romanische Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%B1wan%C3%AA_Romanki" title="Zıwanê Romanki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zıwanê Romanki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaniske_r%C4%9Bcy" title="Romaniske rěcy – Kisobia cha Chini" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Romaniske rěcy" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Kisobia cha Chini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Ρομανικές γλώσσες – Kigiriki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρομανικές γλώσσες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Kigiriki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languv_lat%C3%A9n" title="Languv latén – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Languv latén" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Romance languages" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinida_lingvaro" title="Latinida lingvaro – Kiesperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Latinida lingvaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Kiesperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_romances" title="Lenguas romances – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguas romances" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaani_keeled" title="Romaani keeled – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Romaani keeled" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizkuntza_erromantzeak" title="Hizkuntza erromantzeak – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hizkuntza erromantzeak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_romancis" title="Lenguas romancis – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lenguas romancis" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="زبان‌های رومی – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان‌های رومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaaniset_kielet" title="Romaaniset kielet – Kifini" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Romaaniset kielet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Kifini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langues_romanes" title="Langues romanes – Kifaransa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langues romanes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Kifaransa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengoues_romanes" title="Lengoues romanes – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Lengoues romanes" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaans_spriaken" title="Romaans spriaken – Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Romaans spriaken" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghis_romanichis" title="Lenghis romanichis – Kifriulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lenghis romanichis" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Kifriulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaanske_talen" title="Romaanske talen – Kifrisia cha Magharibi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Romaanske talen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Magharibi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teangacha_R%C3%B3m%C3%A1nsacha" title="Teangacha Rómánsacha – Kiayalandi" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teangacha Rómánsacha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Kiayalandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0nanan_R%C3%B2manach" title="Cànanan Ròmanach – Kigaeli cha Uskoti" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cànanan Ròmanach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Kigaeli cha Uskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_rom%C3%A1nicas" title="Linguas románicas – Kigalisi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Linguas románicas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Kigalisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87hengaghyn_Romanagh" title="Çhengaghyn Romanagh – Kimanx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhengaghyn Romanagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Kimanx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Ng%C3%AE-chhu%CC%8Dk" title="Roman Ngî-chhu̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Roman Ngî-chhu̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%8Clelo_Loma" title="ʻŌlelo Loma – Kihawai" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻŌlelo Loma" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Kihawai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="שפות רומאניות – Kiebrania" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפות רומאניות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Kiebrania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81" title="रोमान्स भाषाएँ – Kihindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोमान्स भाषाएँ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Kihindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_bhasa" title="Romance bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Romance bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanski_jezici" title="Romanski jezici – Kikorasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Romanski jezici" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kikorasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaniske_r%C4%9B%C4%8De" title="Romaniske rěče – Kisobia cha Ukanda wa Juu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Romaniske rěče" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Kisobia cha Ukanda wa Juu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang_wom%C3%A0n" title="Lang womàn – Kihaiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lang womàn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kihaiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ajlatin_nyelvek" title="Újlatin nyelvek – Kihungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Újlatin nyelvek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Kihungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ռոմանական լեզուներ – Kiarmenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոմանական լեզուներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Kiarmenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_romanic" title="Linguas romanic – Kiintalingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Linguas romanic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Kiintalingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Roman" title="Rumpun bahasa Roman – Kiindonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumpun bahasa Roman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Kiindonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingues_romanic" title="Lingues romanic – lugha ya kisayansi" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Lingues romanic" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="lugha ya kisayansi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinida_linguo" title="Latinida linguo – Kiido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Latinida linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Kiido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3m%C3%B6nsk_tungum%C3%A1l" title="Rómönsk tungumál – Kiisilandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rómönsk tungumál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Kiisilandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue_romanze" title="Lingue romanze – Kiitaliano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingue romanze" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Kiitaliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E8%AB%B8%E8%AA%9E" title="ロマンス諸語 – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロマンス諸語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruomans_languij" title="Ruomans languij – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ruomans languij" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulawarga_basa_Romanika" title="Kulawarga basa Romanika – Kijava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kulawarga basa Romanika" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Kijava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="რომანული ენები – Kijojia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რომანული ენები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Kijojia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayin_tilatinin" title="Tutlayin tilatinin – Kikabylia" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tutlayin tilatinin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kikabylia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilyem_Roman" title="Lilyem Roman – Kityap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Lilyem Roman" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Kityap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Роман тілдері – Kikazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Роман тілдері" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kikazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%9D%EC%8A%A4%EC%96%B4%EA%B5%B0" title="로망스어군 – Kikorea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로망스어군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Kikorea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AAn_roman%C3%AE" title="Zimanên romanî – Kikurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanên romanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanek" title="Romanek – Kikorni" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Romanek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kikorni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Роман тилдери – Kikyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Роман тилдери" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kikyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguae_Romanicae" title="Linguae Romanicae – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Linguae Romanicae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_romansas" title="Linguas romansas – Kiladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Linguas romansas" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Kiladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanesch_Sproochen" title="Romanesch Sproochen – Kilasembagi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Romanesch Sproochen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Kilasembagi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_romanica" title="Linguas romanica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Linguas romanica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roemaanse_tale" title="Roemaanse tale – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Roemaanse tale" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengoe_romanse" title="Lengoe romanse – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengoe romanse" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingac_romanc" title="Lingac romanc – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lingac romanc" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengov_romanze" title="Lengov romanze – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengov romanze" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B8%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87" title="ກຸ່ມພາສາໂລມັງ – Kilaosi" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ກຸ່ມພາສາໂລມັງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Kilaosi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%C5%B3_kalbos" title="Romanų kalbos – Kilithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Romanų kalbos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Kilithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C4%81%C5%86u_valodas" title="Romāņu valodas – Kilatvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Romāņu valodas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Kilatvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_r%C3%B4mana" title="Fiteny rômana – Kimalagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny rômana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Kimalagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_R%C5%8Dmana" title="Reo Rōmana – Kimaori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Rōmana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Kimaori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Романски јазици – Kimacedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Романски јазици" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Kimacedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="റോമാൻസ് ഭാഷകൾ – Kimalayalamu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോമാൻസ് ഭാഷകൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Kimalayalamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="रोमान्स भाषासमूह – Kimarathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रोमान्स भाषासमूह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Kimarathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa-bahasa_Romawi" title="Bahasa-bahasa Romawi – Kimalei" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa-bahasa Romawi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Kimalei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwi_Rumanzi" title="Lingwi Rumanzi – Kimalta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwi Rumanzi" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Kimalta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9nguas_rom%C3%A1nicas" title="Lénguas románicas – Kimirandi" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Lénguas románicas" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Kimirandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="رومی‌تبار زوونون – Kimazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رومی‌تبار زوونون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Kimazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengue_neolatine" title="Lengue neolatine – Kinapoli" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Lengue neolatine" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Kinapoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaanse_talen" title="Romaanse talen – Kiholanzi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Romaanse talen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Kiholanzi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Romanske språk – Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Romanske språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Romanske språk – Kinorwe cha Bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Romanske språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinidi_lingues" title="Latinidi lingues – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Latinidi lingues" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laungue_romanne" title="Laungue romanne – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Laungue romanne" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengas_romanicas" title="Lengas romanicas – Kiokitani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lengas romanicas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Kiokitani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%C3%A6%D0%B3%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Ромайнаг æвзæгтæ – Kiosetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ромайнаг æвзæгтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Kiosetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82" title="ਰੋਮਾਂਸ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ – Kipunjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੋਮਾਂਸ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Kipunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_rom%C3%A1niko" title="Lenga romániko – Kipapiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Lenga romániko" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Kipapiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langues_romanes" title="Langues romanes – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Langues romanes" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_roma%C5%84skie" title="Języki romańskie – Kipolandi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Języki romańskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Kipolandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_romanze" title="Lenghe romanze – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenghe romanze" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="رومنی بولیاں – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رومنی بولیاں" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%DB%90" title="رومي ژبې – Kipashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="رومي ژبې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Kipashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_rom%C3%A2nicas" title="Línguas românicas – Kireno" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Línguas românicas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Kireno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumanu_simikuna" title="Rumanu simikuna – Kikechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rumanu simikuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kikechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_romanas" title="Linguas romanas – Kiromanshi" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Linguas romanas" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Kiromanshi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanikane_chhiba" title="Romanikane chhiba – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Romanikane chhiba" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbi_romanice" title="Limbi romanice – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limbi romanice" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Романские языки – Kirusi" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Романские языки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Kirusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A5_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A" title="ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ – Kisantali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Kisantali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbas_romanzas" title="Limbas romanzas – Kisardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limbas romanzas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Kisardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingui_rumanzi" title="Lingui rumanzi – Kisicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingui rumanzi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Kisicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_leids" title="Romance leids – Kiskoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Romance leids" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Kiskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%A1nala%C5%A1_gielat" title="Románalaš gielat – Kisami cha Kaskazini" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Románalaš gielat" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Kisami cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanski_jezici" title="Romanski jezici – Kiserbia-kroeshia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Romanski jezici" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia-kroeshia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Romance languages" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rom%C3%A1nske_jazyky" title="Románske jazyky – Kislovakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Románske jazyky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanski_jeziki" title="Romanski jeziki – Kislovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Romanski jeziki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Kislovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuh%C3%ABt_neolatine" title="Gjuhët neolatine – Kialbania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuhët neolatine" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Kialbania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Романски језици – Kiserbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Романски језици" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanisk" title="Romanisk – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Romanisk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Romanska språk – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Romanska språk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="உரோமானிய மொழிகள் – Kitamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உரோமானிய மொழிகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Kitamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C" title="กลุ่มภาษาโรมานซ์ – Kithai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มภาษาโรมานซ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Kithai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_wikang_Romanse" title="Mga wikang Romanse – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mga wikang Romanse" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_zyvonon" title="Romani zyvonon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Romani zyvonon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_dilleri" title="Latin dilleri – Kituruki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Latin dilleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Kituruki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Роман телләре – Kitatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Роман телләре" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Kitatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Романські мови – Kiukraini" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Романські мови" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Kiukraini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="رومنی زبانیں – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رومنی زبانیں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_tillari" title="Roman tillari – Kiuzbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Roman tillari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Kiuzbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF_R%C3%B4man" title="Nhóm ngôn ngữ Rôman – Kivietinamu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhóm ngôn ngữ Rôman" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Kivietinamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaansche_toaln" title="Romaansche toaln – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Romaansche toaln" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%BCks_romenik" title="Püks romenik – Kivolapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Püks romenik" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Kivolapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaedjes_romans" title="Lingaedjes romans – Kiwaloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Lingaedjes romans" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Kiwaloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%9B%BC%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="罗曼语族 – Kichina cha Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗曼语族" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Kichina cha Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaonse_taelen" title="Romaonse taelen – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Romaonse taelen" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%9B%BC%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="罗曼语族 – Kichina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗曼语族" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kichina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_g%C3%AD-cho%CC%8Dk" title="Roman gí-cho̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Roman gí-cho̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%9B%BC%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%8F" title="羅曼語族 – Kikantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅曼語族" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kikantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19814#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Hariri viungo vya lugha zingine" class="wbc-editpage">Hariri viungo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Maeneo ya wiki"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lugha_za_Kirumi" title="Onyesha kurasa zilizopo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Makala</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Majadiliano:Lugha_za_Kirumi" rel="discussion" title="Mazungumzo kuhusu makala [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Majadiliano</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Zana</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vitendo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lugha_za_Kirumi"><span>Soma</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&veaction=edit" title="Hariri ukurasa huu na VisualEditor [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Hariri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=edit" title="Hariri chanzo msimbo za ukurasa huu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Hariri chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=history"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Kijumla </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:VingoViungavyoUkurasahuu/Lugha_za_Kirumi" title="Orodha ya kurasa zote za Wiki zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Viungo viungavyo ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:RecentChangesLinked/Lugha_za_Kirumi" rel="nofollow" title="Mabadiliko ya karibuni ya katika kurasa zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Mabadiliko husika</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sw" title="Pakia picha, video, au sauti [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Pakia faili</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:KurasaMaalum" title="Orodha ya kurasa zote maalumu [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Kurasa maalumu</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&oldid=1330270" title="Kiungo cha daima cha kufikisha pitio hili la ukurasa"><span>Kiungo cha daima</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Maelezo ya ukurasa</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Taja&page=Lugha_za_Kirumi&id=1330270&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Taarifa juu ya njia ya kutaja ukurasa huu"><span>Taja ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLugha_za_Kirumi"><span>Pata URL iliyofupishwa</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLugha_za_Kirumi"><span>Pakua msimbo wa QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chapa/peleka nje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kusanya&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Lugha+za+Kirumi"><span>Tunga kitabu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:DownloadAsPdf&page=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pakua kama PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&printable=yes" title="Toleo linalochapika la ukurasa huu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Ukurasa wa kuchapika</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Miradi mingine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Romance_languages" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19814" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata kifungu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mandhari</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ficha</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sw" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Map-Romance_Language_World.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Map-Romance_Language_World.png/350px-Map-Romance_Language_World.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Map-Romance_Language_World.png/525px-Map-Romance_Language_World.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Map-Romance_Language_World.png/700px-Map-Romance_Language_World.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a><figcaption><i>Lugha za Kirumi</i> duniani:<br /><b><span style="color:#0000FF;">buluu</span></b> – <a href="/wiki/Kifaransa" title="Kifaransa">Kifaransa</a>; <b><span style="color:#00B927;">kijani</span></b> – <a href="/wiki/Kihispania" title="Kihispania">Kihispania</a>; <b><span style="color:#FF8400;">machungwa</span></b> – <a href="/wiki/Kireno" title="Kireno">Kireno</a>; <b><span style="color:#FFFF00;">njano</span></b> – <a href="/wiki/Kiitalia" title="Kiitalia">Kiitalia</a>; <b><span style="color:#FF0000;">nyekundu</span></b> – <a href="/wiki/Kiromania" title="Kiromania">Kiromania</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Lugha za Kirumi</b> ni <a href="/wiki/Lugha" title="Lugha">lugha</a> zilizotokana na <a href="/wiki/Kilatini" title="Kilatini">Kilatini</a> kilichokuwa moja kati ya lugha za kale za <a href="/wiki/Kihindi-Kiulaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kihindi-Kiulaya">Kihindi-Kiulaya</a>. </p><p>Ni <a href="/wiki/Lugha_mama" class="mw-redirect" title="Lugha mama">lugha mama</a> kwa watu <a href="/wiki/Milioni" title="Milioni">milioni</a> 800 hivi <a href="/wiki/Duniani" class="mw-redirect" title="Duniani">duniani</a>. </p><p>Zimehesabiwa hadi lugha 23 za namna hiyo, ingawa baadhi kwa wengine ni <a href="/wiki/Lahaja" title="Lahaja">lahaja</a> tu. Tena kuna <a href="/wiki/Krioli" title="Krioli">Krioli</a> nyingi zenye asili katika lugha hizo. Kati ya Krioli hizo, ile ya <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> na ile ya <a href="/wiki/Shelisheli" title="Shelisheli">Shelisheli</a> ni lugha rasmi nchini. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kilatini_cha_Roma_ya_Kale_kama_lugha_mama">Kilatini cha Roma ya Kale kama lugha mama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Hariri sehemu: Kilatini cha Roma ya Kale kama lugha mama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Kilatini cha Roma ya Kale kama lugha mama"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kilatini kilikuwa <a href="/wiki/Lugha_rasmi" title="Lugha rasmi">lugha rasmi</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Utawala" title="Utawala">utawala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elimu" title="Elimu">elimu</a> na <a href="/wiki/Biashara" title="Biashara">biashara</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Roma" title="Dola la Roma">Dola la Roma</a> lililotawala maeneo ya <a href="/wiki/Ulaya_ya_Kusini" title="Ulaya ya Kusini">Ulaya ya Kusini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulaya_ya_Magharibi" title="Ulaya ya Magharibi">Ulaya ya Magharibi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afrika_ya_Kaskazini" title="Afrika ya Kaskazini">Afrika ya Kaskazini</a> na <a href="/wiki/Asia_ya_Magharibi" title="Asia ya Magharibi">Asia ya Magharibi</a> kwa miaka mingi, hasa kati ya <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_1_KK" title="Karne ya 1 KK">karne ya 1 KK</a> na <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_5" title="Karne ya 5">karne ya 5</a> <a href="/wiki/BK" class="mw-redirect" title="BK">BK</a>. </p><p>Kilatini kiliendelea kuwa lugha ya watu wengi katika maeneo mbalimbali ya <a href="/wiki/Himaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Himaya">himaya</a> hii kubwa hasa <a href="/wiki/Mji" title="Mji">mijini</a>. </p><p>Katika sehemu hizo zilijitokeza <a href="/wiki/Lahaja" title="Lahaja">lahaja</a> za pekee kulingana na lugha asilia za wenyeji. </p><p>Baada ya kuporomoka kwa <a href="/wiki/Dola_la_Roma_la_Magharibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dola la Roma la Magharibi">Dola la Roma la Magharibi</a>, lahaja hizo za Kilatini katika nchi mbalimbali ziliendelea kuchanganyikana na lugha hizo na zile za <a href="/wiki/Kabila" title="Kabila">makabila</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Wagermanik" title="Wagermanik">Wagermanik</a> yaliyoteka maeneo hayo yote na hatimaye zikawa lugha za pekee. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lugha_za_Kirumi_zinazotumiwa_kitaifa:">Lugha za Kirumi zinazotumiwa kitaifa:</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Hariri sehemu: Lugha za Kirumi zinazotumiwa kitaifa:" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Lugha za Kirumi zinazotumiwa kitaifa:"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugha ambazo ni muhimi zaidi kama lugha za <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">kitaifa</a> ni: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kihispania" title="Kihispania">Kihispania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Milioni" title="Milioni">milioni</a> 410)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kireno" title="Kireno">Kireno</a> (milioni 216)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kifaransa" title="Kifaransa">Kifaransa</a> (milioni 75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiitalia" title="Kiitalia">Kiitalia</a> (milioni 60)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiromania" title="Kiromania">Kiromania</a> (milioni 25)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lugha_za_Kirumi_zinazotumiwa_kieneo:">Lugha za Kirumi zinazotumiwa kieneo:</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Hariri sehemu: Lugha za Kirumi zinazotumiwa kieneo:" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Lugha za Kirumi zinazotumiwa kieneo:"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kikatalonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kikatalonia">Kikatalonia</a> (Català) (<a href="/wiki/Hispania" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispania">Hispania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ufaransa" title="Ufaransa">Ufaransa</a> ya Kusini, <a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a> na kwenye <a href="/wiki/Visiwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Visiwa">visiwa</a> kadhaa za <a href="/wiki/Mediteranea" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediteranea">Mediteranea</a>) - wasemaji 8,200,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kigalicia" title="Kigalicia">Kigalicia</a> (Galego) (Hispania, jimbo la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galicia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galicia (bado haujaandikwa)">Galicia</a>) - wasemaji 3,000,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kioksitania" title="Kioksitania">Kioksitania</a> (Occitan) (<a href="/wiki/Kusini" title="Kusini">kusini</a> mwa Ufaransa, <a href="/wiki/Milima" class="mw-redirect" title="Milima">milima</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> ya Kaskazini-Magharibi na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bonde_la_Aran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bonde la Aran (bado haujaandikwa)">bonde la Aran</a> la Hispania)- wasemaji 2,800,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisardinia" title="Kisardinia">Kisardinia</a> (Sardu) (<a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mkoa" title="Mkoa">mkoa</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Sardegna" class="mw-redirect" title="Sardegna">Sardegna</a>) - wasemaji 1,000,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiliguria" title="Kiliguria">Kiliguria</a> (Lìgure) (<a href="/wiki/Italia_ya_Kaskazini" class="mw-redirect" title="Italia ya Kaskazini">Italia ya Kaskazini</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mikoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikoa">mikoa</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piemonte" title="Piemonte">Piemonte</a> na Sardegna) - wasemaji 500,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kifriuli" title="Kifriuli">Kifriuli</a> (Furlan) (Italia Kaskazini-Mashariki: mkoa wa <a href="/wiki/Friuli" class="mw-redirect" title="Friuli">Friuli</a>) - wasemaji 350,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiladino" title="Kiladino">Kiladino</a> (Ladin dolomitan) (Italia ya Kaskazini: mikoa ya <a href="/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige" title="Trentino-Alto Adige">Trentino-Alto Adige</a> na <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a>) - wasemaji 40.000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirumanj" title="Kirumanj">Kirumanj</a> (Rumantsch/Romontsch/Rumauntsch) (Jimbo la Graubünden, <a href="/wiki/Uswisi" title="Uswisi">Uswisi</a>) - wasemaji 27,000</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lugha_za_kimataifa">Lugha za kimataifa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Hariri sehemu: Lugha za kimataifa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Lugha za kimataifa"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lugha za Kihispania, Kifaransa na Kireno zimesambaa duniani kwa sababu ni lugha kuu za nchi ambazo zilikuwa na <a href="/wiki/Koloni" title="Koloni">makoloni</a> mengi, zikaacha lugha zao katika nchi nyingi, hasa Kihispania ambacho ni lugha kuu ya bara la <a href="/wiki/Amerika" title="Amerika">Amerika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kireno" title="Kireno">Kireno</a> ambacho ni lugha rasmi ya <a href="/wiki/Brazili" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazili">Brazili</a> na nchi 5 za <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> na Kifaransa ambacho ni lugha rasmi katika nchi nyingi za Afrika, Amerika visiwani na <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>. </p><p>Kiitalia ni mojawapo ya lugha rasmi za <a href="/wiki/Uswisi" title="Uswisi">Uswisi</a>, pamoja na nchi ndogondogo za <a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a> na <a href="/wiki/Vatikani" title="Vatikani">Vatikani</a>. </p><p>Kiromania ni lugha rasmi ya <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> pia, ingawa kwa jina la lahaja yake ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimoldova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimoldova (bado haujaandikwa)">Kimoldova</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tanbihi">Tanbihi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Hariri sehemu: Tanbihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Tanbihi"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1346650">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHarrisVincent1988" class="citation book cs1">Harris, Martin; Vincent, Nigel (1988). <i>The Romance Languages</i>. London: Routledge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Romance+Languages&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.au=Vincent%2C+Nigel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFPosner1996" class="citation book cs1">Posner, Rebecca (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/romancelanguages0000posn"><i>The Romance Languages</i></a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Romance+Languages&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Posner&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fromancelanguages0000posn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFAlkireRosen2010" class="citation book cs1">Alkire, Ti; Rosen, Carol (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/romancelanguages0000alki"><i>Romance Languages: A Historical Introduction</i></a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Romance+Languages%3A+A+Historical+Introduction&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Alkire&rft.aufirst=Ti&rft.au=Rosen%2C+Carol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fromancelanguages0000alki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><i><b>Mabadiliko</b></i> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFBoyd-Bowman1980" class="citation book cs1">Boyd-Bowman, Peter (1980). <i>From Latin to Romance in Sound Charts</i>. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Latin+to+Romance+in+Sound+Charts&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Georgetown+University+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Boyd-Bowman&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><i><b>Misamiati</b></i> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFHoltusMetzeltinSchmitt1988" class="citation book cs1">Holtus, Günter; Metzeltin, Michael; Schmitt, Christian (1988). <i>Lexikon der Romanistischen Linguistik. (LRL, 12 volumes)</i>. Tübingen: Niemeyer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lexikon+der+Romanistischen+Linguistik.+%28LRL%2C+12+volumes%29&rft.place=T%C3%BCbingen&rft.pub=Niemeyer&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Holtus&rft.aufirst=G%C3%BCnter&rft.au=Metzeltin%2C+Michael&rft.au=Schmitt%2C+Christian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><i><b>Kifaransa</b></i> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFPrice1971" class="citation book cs1">Price, Glanville (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frenchlanguagepr0000pric"><i>The French language: present and past</i></a>. Edward Arnold.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+French+language%3A+present+and+past&rft.pub=Edward+Arnold&rft.date=1971&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Glanville&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffrenchlanguagepr0000pric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFKibler1984" class="citation book cs1">Kibler, William W. (1984). <i>An introduction to Old French</i>. New York: Modern Language Association of America.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+introduction+to+Old+French&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Modern+Language+Association+of+America&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Kibler&rft.aufirst=William+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><i><b>Kireno</b></i> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams1968" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Edwin B. (1968). <i>From Latin to Portuguese, Historical Phonology and Morphology of the Portuguese Language</i> (tol. la 2nd). University of Pennsylvania.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Latin+to+Portuguese%2C+Historical+Phonology+and+Morphology+of+the+Portuguese+Language&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Edwin+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><i><b>Kihispania</b></i> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFPenny2002" class="citation book cs1">Penny, Ralph (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofspanish0000penn"><i>A History of the Spanish Language</i></a> (tol. la 2nd). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Spanish+Language&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Penny&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofspanish0000penn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFLapesa1981" class="citation book cs1">Lapesa, Rafael (1981). <i>Historia de la Lengua Española</i>. Madrid: Editorial Gredos.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+de+la+Lengua+Espa%C3%B1ola&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=Editorial+Gredos&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Lapesa&rft.aufirst=Rafael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFVicente1967" class="citation book cs1">Vicente, Alonso Zamora (1967). <i>Dialectología Española</i> (tol. la 2nd). Madrid: Editorial Gredos.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dialectolog%C3%ADa+Espa%C3%B1ola&rft.place=Madrid&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Editorial+Gredos&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Vicente&rft.aufirst=Alonso+Zamora&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><i><b>Kiitalia</b></i> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFDevotoGiacomelli2002" class="citation book cs1">Devoto, Giacomo; Giacomelli, Gabriella (2002). <i>I Dialetti delle Regioni d'Italia</i> (tol. la 3rd). Milano: RCS Libri (Tascabili Bompiani).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+Dialetti+delle+Regioni+d%27Italia&rft.place=Milano&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=RCS+Libri+%28Tascabili+Bompiani%29&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Devoto&rft.aufirst=Giacomo&rft.au=Giacomelli%2C+Gabriella&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFDevoto1999" class="citation book cs1">Devoto, Giacomo (1999). <i>Il Linguaggio d'Italia</i>. Milano: RCS Libri (Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Il+Linguaggio+d%27Italia&rft.place=Milano&rft.pub=RCS+Libri+%28Biblioteca+Universale+Rizzoli%29&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Devoto&rft.aufirst=Giacomo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ALugha+za+Kirumi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viungo_vya_nje">Viungo vya nje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Hariri sehemu: Viungo vya nje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Viungo vya nje"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iedo.brillonline.nl/dictionaries/content/latin/index.html">Michael de Vaan, <i>Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages,</i> Brill, 2008, 826pp. (part available freely online)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20130617111122/http://iedo.brillonline.nl/dictionaries/content/latin/index.html">Archived</a> 17 Juni 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www-degruyter-com.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/serial/LRL-B/html"><i>Lexikon der Romanistischen Linguistik (LRL),</i> edd. Holtus / Metzeltin / Schmitt</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.at/books?id=LRumIF1TLVkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Las+lenguas+rom%C3%A1nicas+est%C3%A1ndar.+Historia+de+su+formaci%C3%B3n+y+de+su+uso&cd=1#v=onepage&q&f=false">Michael Metzeltin, <i>Las lenguas románicas estándar. Historia de su formación y de su uso</i>, Oviedo, 2004</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orbilat.com/">Orbis Latinus, site on Romance languages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20110202093412/http://www.orbilat.com/">Archived</a> 2 Februari 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www6.ocn.ne.jp/~wil/">Hugh Wilkinson's papers on Romance Languages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20110501100652/http://www6.ocn.ne.jp/~wil/">Archived</a> 1 Mei 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/romance/?utm_source=HP&utm_campaign=Internal&utm_medium=Promo&utm_content=Carousel1">Spanish is a Romance language, but what does that have to do with the type of romance between lovers?</a>, dictionary.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nativlang.com/romance-languages/">Comparative Grammar of the Romance Languages</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neise.0rq.in/180-comparative-list-of-some-computer-terms-in-romance-language">Comparison of the computer terms in Romance languages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20140727070941/http://neise.0rq.in/180-comparative-list-of-some-computer-terms-in-romance-language">Archived</a> 27 Julai 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul> <table style="font-size:90%; width: 65%; padding: 3px; margin: 0 auto;" class="toccolours"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Noun_project_1822.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Noun_project_1822.svg/30px-Noun_project_1822.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Noun_project_1822.svg/45px-Noun_project_1822.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Noun_project_1822.svg/60px-Noun_project_1822.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="38" data-file-height="31" /></a></span> </td> <td>Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya <a href="/wiki/Lango:Lugha" title="Lango:Lugha">lugha</a> bado ni <b>mbegu</b>. <br /> Je, unajua kitu kuhusu <b>Lugha za Kirumi</b> kama historia yake, uenezi au maendeleo yake? <br />Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? <br />Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa <a href="/wiki/Maalum:EditPage/Lugha_za_Kirumi" title="Maalum:EditPage/Lugha za Kirumi">kuihariri na kuongeza habari</a><i>.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rudishwa kutoka "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&oldid=1330270">https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lugha_za_Kirumi&oldid=1330270</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:Jamii" title="Maalum:Jamii">Jamii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:Pages using the JsonConfig extension (bado haujaandikwa)">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Mbegu_za_lugha" title="Jamii:Mbegu za lugha">Mbegu za lugha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Lugha" title="Jamii:Lugha">Lugha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Kilatini" title="Jamii:Kilatini">Kilatini</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Lugha_za_Kirumi" title="Jamii:Lugha za Kirumi">Lugha za Kirumi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Lugha_za_Kihindi-Kiulaya" title="Jamii:Lugha za Kihindi-Kiulaya">Lugha za Kihindi-Kiulaya</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ukurasa huu umebadilishwa kwa mara ya mwisho tarehe 17 Aprili 2024, saa 22:03.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Maandishi yanapatikana chini ya leseni ya <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; matakwa mengine yanaweza kutakiwa. 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