CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914d452b0eca9ba8',cH: 'U.hK9XtksLz_R3c0MIcnM2MqbRQITbW_7rncydV0OqQ-1740041647-1.2.1.1-TZlg7_tnlTSTCFULvK1hIH47kWvVZzg3AY0atNvBCJcDAWdi6K68brgBxSSXOdzw',cUPMDTk: "\/10003282\/apa?__cf_chl_tk=kV9ltKJBP23MF32vR4VGnjILLXlx.aXGnJoDA4vSi1I-1740041647-1.0.1.1-ZNxklEKrHCmJb0f97Y2h1AkTrNrW09xRWs.9MxCcM4Q",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740041647',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/10003282\/apa?__cf_chl_f_tk=kV9ltKJBP23MF32vR4VGnjILLXlx.aXGnJoDA4vSi1I-1740041647-1.0.1.1-ZNxklEKrHCmJb0f97Y2h1AkTrNrW09xRWs.9MxCcM4Q",md: "RUqKwKwLDskxyxS1ydiCFKCnFmyJqpfkyN19QDzBOgo-1740041647-1.2.1.1-L4onN_UddJ93GdL1fEgzto33uaLO.e_nTnl2Wxc.YUqYwdWxnVc1c15D1vUH0wAujuTiC2ST2ly3Jtb.AeWAX4QzDuavgTm36bklkhhlM2f40OPSqSGBTonzCXuNwk9jOM7Ju2h16CMfEtFwsj7Be88ouDej08XOgW2L.7zgH1XDtdHwT3ZdsRWdux36lzD7c9BTfBe..76u864kAZdHYOV.iKUxyhGXEl9AwC0Io6jsVccr44Ymc2JMGdFnuymBm7ms8yCtiFipTWfkggqN3HEXp49hUoydYIFgGwZ0Z60o9hiUUJ1n_dqkeEIu73irPj.zp65Qzm5bDBXEAZMbTBwZyUF8wwWlYxbFHKr0pdFenrqHX5kJ92xnSp6ThUNdv3EBIfQvqtA3W1sZ7xFRZQkIOeF8FCCgL9cS8n7JpLsA6q1U7JWsY.Qdib03nU4OguTI0fk494nJ8vA8WvN2lfxbwK87G6SvCpk3MERvAz0E.UYEzeSxL_AKtLOV1avWRmgY_HecgLDZalEqxrSq9g27OL7RkY5Gtfdvnb5ViomNX9T_R1hk3g.14T_7ilqlMU8hHqPZdgbqbJanSnNaApjwA5m_6GydOmepjDbNS7n3ACOkKHXASdxjj1qRIn5EUhbDBAqqr42ZZbTxGzJ45..dgCMAqb0XrhuMGMj6QhTKY7zHZrkxIlw.VFPw9e2E9fYNbUH_3QJb2P3bc.XmLajWVO3vceKKeU3D4Zh_ypOUm83Uk_FVXHRF4I6_VCsAu4JpSreg2dAl5eOEzQVA47LiSNqD1SdtIHlYSlG_xkQsesezTW0UamwFMTgG32yrU3dCC6w95cvM_56v7SL0s_fa_hBl4ukgGaxiL3q6lulsV8ME00mWUSDhv0.kdOLHgpCs3tad4Uvw13DVOA.QR.OgeOuzlpYfIMnXAGH_11kR_lKBrBpFXGUI4K9y16LA5vGm5LMdA1vmT6BO.8TGfT_S0Vzbb4j85CCVAnh4OrO4wx1SxY7FcVH.0abStcJVRjjgUUmMFCUSkxnTiPraGmDrB_a_KURlY1smogm1xe0Ahu.hbw5hSXwA8bnYw7.4cKLPkSpcCW5DwTQrXA140TgMrQ3UuQupqCHmofkZ_Ma0OnwnYJHZkruUCNQKO3Hi7I3NGt82HkQHquzh_w9HuSfZDMthps1mkmlq_yKO5sFY5QgZ5.vkqplq9WCRKcjc3j4rbsjOArH0bqJZbk6UkveEGkFAjgwnM6CBne1R3bLRh1kZRbngiFCrjzf6ValY5QGwALM2nHIh4CZsqqAK_Cv2NgGJbHHcGhQQyWGTpjR2plgrYKorzsKMVwD.5Y50_Vp60GItdy0pk1_IDthMbQldR6n2MofsMTOmB6I4pJL3I.PInedZC6ZewiHzXwIo4_zScAWuEs84bhbPuny4w5otqOEzHS4xduPNNXaXHcyhuosy9T8T6i31jpx2LXBRhTF2F_uWheocy5oSlcEGAXEx0NUDwtekR5LlVL4qvocNhZxRw7OekfiPqpPW_46mo_uEzRWdI8cQaJKKYfL.6505LKx08DUXPp0CJDtSC0ECcu.z4AYG5IrddRTlqxbYDoiL6greRfG_immGYb.xcpOI725fAncKpyYr0fWuxpi0mxjKkrEKfEf6lnknNjmTfid5DTh8B1MTxQOSbkQiHWAKlqBQyM7B8Fi2K2KBfX3YRhg1__3G1youfeLxOudEKsgru0K6isxwRMue1wNeEcaRTaRd0nPVk0I450BORRSLkuiXn0EN3bSEpDMvk_cpiCa6ihEVsBqQoP8qJHOC77pyQ.EUJkvisOkq612gP6yEJ147AP8qbie5xjXRqv8zjRR9VbgZ.WUaAMkyyHYWfDi3JT0W8bVh9USDMgE7CJw",mdrd: "v6RdVygV0u7tCmwKvQGlmJdtPuBlnk6x.DGD53lBI6s-1740041647-1.2.1.1-l_1Fxtg7efBzl6K4iOyDzz2OtYqEzBxeNDuBqMnTfu9FmnRAxtzLLDiVgDbRGD7QfCXVQnK1mJQ09GWKMElmdIcAEU7SAhP_g843YZuZlOpyioUs8uyOvYeTLfNkcZkDzJ6N0xwQSPo5.Jn4LaAoa_r0M0fTNqmFX9p9FKwy3Lw7Ue4dHVupThZ1NEUnyQ3lWQeHAyUwYYGhHbjlFcq6WMpVd7DmRG9ouLhzKZ6_w2VO1DYKLSdF5h4_fZ7Fe1M_ZWxjmpPB6_4SUSug_PYS.jdBNItIdJBhTu8ZjmvGs1Rj1RjZE4ZPK3YqRK0o3pq6_nmqWR763UxH2FiCtgfHmj2UbuxUDnvc0.BTgygvoTn1vDRrko_leGiaswkEGMY3gOcwa8C1Zia8P0ZBrk9RDqIowjRcQhrgd_ebOe_HEEnUVxMB63cfja7txIs6LA08.oqIusMq9IzJ87dd5TPqriq_Dkb0ygfBrWboK0CLISgMf.lXdGlc_ZS3s1WlEVhNkB53AlVGLsnLdxw.FdJURcidGWxQU69xIdE_rKSnYIrK7dA.dLITE9Mkz9kz2kMBKiV1Hceb1MWKiGdpuGQjkMGdZNijnER2BrS7LimC0ZWJsl.6HJ95Z0SmWEesVP8NBnzcOc_QSnJ3AdNfXJASsEpG6YDbt7T1g0YxdZ4p8alTZ_TysmO7tA60aPEKk.7tt8PSXL0WulksMjJrE2zNEh.7E3wNT5jOh9JtWdDqWKrJqOHfLnGEcNXERicTh4DIVcaK9tKevfutCwYZUzVZWoMUENrMU4MuHbCyr8QDFXCoxloUhRCvCdPG1Y8kdTP_OaPK8DTjOAoDfYxjg66fh4R.tMDp7Hiu0CsH4DASdazO4XQB.7cWt6GHFQ5lN9j9YUmSlOmqryixZzxO2H3tfYaJMhMhIkZEmIuV8KifEdC7abSpxWdJdn7mpC5XUW_Q4lNbL4vHE1jQpGSCfKwFdMj4dtl4Ad8JRlAVko1IasJCtWru7QrvBQLOJ10K4Tr1o21pHNEiwMGkml3FwnV6NMy9rvSH.UJdx1QpriXVyqX9dd6JyjmeVR2ojnO1tcsHFTb1WCt8agvcoSm6ZCR8feg7nJssaddXH3hl_3TRPszTzBkStc.JqoGxy.CvuXAqy.fV2IgPapndwrY7f9W1z566HJ__et5bPvkIdpoW_wnhIbildFsKCbjLvPacoM9JZ1bvKxlFHXxRVCNvPYVXH6Abs3NdMb5WYpG.ashRAYb.YMQRB4A0rC1cqeB0VHOHS6g.ZnWnNZe2jOwYs7tThh.S3OpCI1GMjf1hY7.RfSHteUQ.bmkQ00pgcZPhU8cX6gIrK07rH3kA924lPzS0oE9wG6ON1ZqMARW0Mj4.fvG6aUK8ewdmeCY32klcAlrL0pqRX1sW6V7cQ8U9VYZF1ynWufYb4DT_JSUAfGslAycUOkd1LBqCi1QFF_Gaiaef55fGNiMUHlZP.xTbMQOfqxmmGCcawXAiulPGg6U6dm.aoPA7M1lhPoO6ug5_ZFbnxJnAZ85IQGuEeeq5hq.t9uW_Zye_f_P5.beefAk2lTvsvnFGiPe7pQK6wjWIMWGcwaaU1VGMI8Pf4tobZa6i3GM_ZyUETsy9fpKZdILHveFYw_qjK.FH7D7jHTdajDOKIxVovdIg6Hwvp3xHskW1zT6MekJFFs3DtXuCCbPCJF8JwyN24Sm4RvoIott.F8hj3SK4BmECcbcvn2Jzwg1QJRSqogE3d5EWTDuiMYp4e.iuutpnkmLUsAOwc5tr14NKDth6AvShFB5esIu9Va9Sg7O1u1CeHvONu90KXzw2pwTlYx.bUjvI1f5N9jHYjY2eaDJIwPou8V.yuHFJ5Yghujp4kKPO7kiG8mRRPRSvR1RB73MrrFfeZJ8GJgeTkbHR8faNvfkqRiAVw95EetiQHWqiL1twrSNpzkLMqvvoMEw4sIW62XGlCYFLO_hJYs38"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914d452b0eca9ba8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10003282\/apa?__cf_chl_rt_tk=kV9ltKJBP23MF32vR4VGnjILLXlx.aXGnJoDA4vSi1I-1740041647-1.0.1.1-ZNxklEKrHCmJb0f97Y2h1AkTrNrW09xRWs.9MxCcM4Q" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>