Aluminum (Al) | AMERICAN ELEMENTS ®

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href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-elements"><span class="sr-only">LinkedIn</span></a> <a class="ming-link social instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/americanelements/"><span class="sr-only">Instagram</span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="container-fluid" id="main-content"> <div id="page-content">   <div class="banner">  <h1 class="short">Aluminum</h1> <span class="element-item2 metalloid" aria-hidden="true"><span class="symbol2">Al</span><span class="number">13</span><span class="weight">26.9815386</span></span>  </div>   <div id="element-tabs"> <ul class="nav nav-pills nav-justified" role="tablist"> <li><a href="#about" id="tab1" role="tab" aria-controls="about" data-toggle="pill" class="InfoTab" tabindex="0">About Aluminum</a></li> <li class="active"><a href="#products" id="tab2" role="tab" aria-controls="products" data-toggle="pill" class="InfoTab" tabindex="0">Products</a></li> <li><a href="#properties" id="tab3" role="tab" aria-controls="properties" data-toggle="pill" class="InfoTab" tabindex="0">Properties</a></li> <li><a href="#safety" id="tab4" role="tab" aria-controls="safety" data-toggle="pill" class="InfoTab" tabindex="0">Safety</a></li> <li><a href="#isotopes" id="tab5" role="tab" aria-controls="isotopes" data-toggle="pill" class="InfoTab" tabindex="0">Isotopes</a></li> </ul> </div>  <div id="content"> <div class="tab-content"> <div class="tab-pane" id="about" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab1"> <h2>About Aluminum</h2> <img src="https://www.americanelements.com/images_graphics/element-bohr-models/aluminum-bohr-model.jpg" alt="Aluminum Bohr Model" width="200" height="200" class="image-left" /> <p>Compounds called alums--latin for “bitter salt”-- were used in dyes and wound dressings in ancient Greece and Rome. When the existence of a base metal of these <a href="chemicals.html">salts</a> was recognized in 1808 by Humphry Davy, he named it "alumium," which was eventually changed to "aluminum." <a href="aluminum-metal-7429-90-5">Aluminum metal</a> was first purified by another chemist in 1825, but it was initially very difficult to extract the metal from ore, and for some years this made pure aluminum very valuable. In the late 1880’s, two independent chemists developed what came to be known as the Hall-Heroult process for extracting aluminum from minerals, making extraction much more economical and bringing the metal into more general use.</p> <p>Aluminum is the third most abundant element in the earth’s crust and the most abundant metal. As such, the element and its compounds have practically innumerable applications. The <a href="aluminum-metal-7429-90-5">elemental metal</a> is durable, lightweight, ductile, and malleable, and therefore can be easily formed using a variety of <a href="metallurgy.html">metalworking</a> techniques. However, pure aluminum is soft and lacking in strength, and therefore alloys of aluminum with other metals are generally used for most applications--even household aluminum foil and aluminum beverage cans are generally produced from alloys. <a href="alloys.html">Aluminum alloys</a> are generally less dense than alternative metals of similar strength, and thus are particularly useful in applications where a strong but lightweight structure is needed. These alloys are used in the construction of vehicles and buildings, and are frequently the casing material for small <a href="electronics-materials.html">electronics</a>. Additionally, aluminum is a component of the magnetic alloys MKM steel and <a href="aluminum-nickel-cobalt-alloy-powder">Alnico</a>, which are both used to produce permanent magnets for a variety of uses. Aluminum is also a good thermal and electrical conductor, leading it to find uses as heatsinks and wiring in electronics.</p> <p><a href="aluminum-oxide-1344-28-1">Aluminum oxide</a>, often called alumina, is one of the most common aluminum compounds. Its crystalline form occurs naturally as corundum, high-quality forms of which are used as gemstones and considered either rubies or sapphires depending on the colors imparted by trace impurities. These gems are the hardest natural substances after diamond, and are therefore extremely resistant to scratching. Synthetic versions are used in optical devices such as spectroscopes and lasers, shatter resistant windows, and as insulating substrates for <a href="si.html">silicon</a> integrated circuits. <a href="aluminum-oxide-powder-1344-28-1">Powdered forms</a> of <a href="aluminum-oxide-1344-28-1">aluminum oxide</a> are used as filler in plastics, as it is both white and fairly chemically inert. The same properties lead to its use in sunscreens and <a href="pharmaceuticals-cosmetics.html">cosmetic products.</a> The <a href="aluminum-oxide-powder-1344-28-1">powder</a> is also used as an abrasive in industrial and commercial applications from sandpaper to toothpaste, and as a catalyst or catalyst support for some industrial chemical processes. Alumina may be used in the production of zirconia aluminia, an extremely strong and corrosion resistant class of composite <a href="ceramics.html">ceramics</a> that are used in cutting tools and <a href="medical-devices.html">medical implants</a>. Finally, <a href="alumina-fiber-1344-28-1">alumina fibers</a> are components of many experimental and a few commercial fiber composite materials, and <a href="aluminum-oxide-nanowires-1344-28-1">alumina nanofibers</a> specifically have attracted a great deal of research interest.</p> <p>Aluminum silicates are also aluminum compounds of considerable commercial importance. A number of aluminosilicates occur naturally, often as microporous minerals known as <a href="mesoporous-aluminosilicates-1318-02-1">zeolites</a> or hydrated clay minerals such as <a href="kaolin-92704-41-1">kaolin</a>. Natural zeolites can be used industrially, but most applications use synthetic <a href="mesoporous-aluminosilicates-1318-02-1">zeolites</a>. <a href="mesoporous-aluminosilicates-1318-02-1">Zeolites</a> are notable for their very regular pore sizes, which allow them to act as molecular sieves, separating mixtures based on particle size.This property is exploited for applications in <a href="water-treatment-chemicals.html">water purification</a>, <a href="research-and-development.html">research chemistry</a>, and the precise separation of gases from mixed gas streams. Additionally, the mineral’s porous nature allows it to filter select ions from nuclear waste, which can then be trapped permanently by pressing the mineral into a non-porous durable <a href="ceramics.html">ceramic</a>. Zeolites can also efficiently store heat, and are therefore used in heating, refrigeration, and <a href="Battery-Technology.html">energy storage applications</a>. The high surface area provided by the porous material makes <a href="mesoporous-aluminosilicates-1318-02-1">zeolites</a> an excellent catalyst support material. Additionally, zeolites are used in laundry detergent, concrete and cement, <a href="Bio-Medical.html">medical applications</a>, <a href="agriculture.html">agriculture</a>, and in aquarium filters and cat litter. <a href="aluminum-silicate-1332-58-7">Aluminosilicates</a> are also frequently used to produce ceramics; notably, kaolin clay is the base material for the well-known ceramic porcelain. </p> <p>There are many other notable aluminum compounds. <a href="aluminum-sulfate-anhydrous-10043-01-3">Aluminum sulfates</a> and alums are used in water treatment, <a href="paper-pulp.html">paper manufacturing</a>, fabric dying, fireproofing, and leather tanning. <a href="aluminum-chloride-anhydrous-7446-70-0">Aluminum chloride</a> is used as a catalyst in oil refining and the production of synthetic rubber and polymers, while <a href="aluminum-chloride-hexahydrate-7784-13-6">aluminum chlorohydrate</a> is used in antiperspirants and in water treatment applications. Aluminum is a component of the semiconductor <a href="aluminum-gallium-arsenide">aluminum gallium arsenide</a>, which is often used alongside <a href="aluminum-gallium-arsenide">gallium arsenide</a> in <a href="semiconductors.html">semiconductor devices</a>, and of <a href="aluminum-antimonide-25152-52-7">antimony-aluminum</a> phase change material used in phase-change memory devices. <a href="lanthanum-aluminate-12003-65-5">Lanthanum aluminate</a> is a perovskite ceramic that is of interest for use as a substrate for the growth of superconducting thin-films, and as a gate dielectric for use in next-generation <a href="oxides.html">metal oxide</a> semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs).</p> <p>Aluminum has a strong affinity for oxygen and is therefore rarely found in its pure state in nature. It is instead found primarily as <a href="aluminum-oxide-1344-28-1">oxides</a> and <a href="aluminum-silicate-1332-58-7">silicates</a>, and the primary commercial ore of aluminum is a mix of minerals known as bauxite. The Hall-Heroult process developed in the 19th century is still used today for the processing of aluminum ore. The process requires a significant amount of energy input, but all proposed alternatives have either been less viable economically or were ruled out due to environmental concerns. Since aluminum can be recycled for a fraction of the energy cost of removing new aluminum from ore, aluminum recycling is cost effective and practiced widely. The “secondary” aluminum produced from recycling therefore accounts for a sizable percentage of the aluminum used each year. Additionally, a number of aluminum-containing minerals are mined for direct use or use as compounds, rather than for extraction of <a href="aluminum-metal-7429-90-5">metallic aluminum</a>. </p> </div> <div class="tab-pane active" id="products" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab2"> <h2>Products</h2> <div class="panel-group expanding" id="accordion"> <div class="panel panel-products"><div class="panel-heading activate-panel active-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#featured-products"><span class="panel-title">Featured High Purity Products</span><span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></div><div id="featured-products" class="panel-body collapse in row"> <ul class="col-sm-4 no-dot"> <li class="product"> <a href="6n5-9999995-aluminum-metal-7429-90-5">(6N5) 99.99995% Aluminum Ingot</a></li></ul></div></div> <div class="panel panel-products"><div class="panel-heading activate-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#compound-products"><span 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Ultra Dry</a></li> <li class="product"> <a href="aluminum-magnesium-boride">Aluminum Magnesium Boride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-magnesium-oxide-315689-16-8">Aluminum Magnesium Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-metaphosphate-13776-88-0">Aluminum Metaphosphate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-molybdate-15123-80-5">Aluminum Molybdate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-monostearate-7047-84-9">Aluminum Monostearate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-nitrate-nonahydrate-7784-27-2">Aluminum Nitrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-nitrate-cesium-chloride-buffer-solution">Aluminum Nitrate-Cesium Chloride Buffer Solution</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-nitrate-hydrate-25838-59-9">Aluminum Nitrate Hydrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-nitrate-solution-7784-27-2">Aluminum Nitrate Solution</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-nitride-24304-00-5">Aluminum 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class="product"><a href="aluminum-phosphate-7784-30-7">Aluminum Phosphate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-phosphate-monobasic-13530-50-2">Aluminum Phosphate Monobasic</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-phosphate-monobasic-solution-13530-50-2">Aluminum Phosphate Monobasic Solution</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-phosphide-20859-73-8">Aluminum Phosphide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-potassium-sulfate-10043-67-1">Aluminum Potassium Sulfate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-potassium-sulfate-dodecahydrate-7784-24-9">Aluminum Potassium Sulfate Dodecahydrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-selenide-1302-82-5">Aluminum Selenide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-selenite-20960-77-4">Aluminum Selenite</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-silicate-1332-58-7">Aluminum Silicate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-silicon-oxide-1302-93-8">Aluminum Silicon Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-sodium-sulfate-10102-71-3">Aluminum Sodium Sulfate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-sodium-sulfate-dodecahydrate-7784-28-3">Aluminum Sodium Sulfate Dodecahydrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-stearate-637-12-7">Aluminum Stearate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-sulfate-hydrate-17927-65-0">Aluminum Sulfate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-sulfate-anhydrous-10043-01-3">Aluminum Sulfate Anhydrous</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-sulfate-hexadecahydrate-16828-11-8">Aluminum Sulfate Hexadecahydrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-sulfate-octadecahydrate-7784-31-8">Aluminum Sulfate Octadecahydrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-sulfate-solution-17927-65-0">Aluminum Sulfate Solution</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-sulfide-1302-81-4">Aluminum Sulfide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-telluride-12043-29-7">Aluminum Telluride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-titanate-12004-39-6">Aluminum Titanate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-tungstate-15123-82-7">Aluminum Tungstate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-yttrium-oxide-12005-21-9">Aluminum Yttrium Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-zirconate-70692-95-4">Aluminum Zirconate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-zirconium-chloride-hydroxide-57158-29-9">Aluminum Zirconium Chloride Hydroxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="ammonium-hexafluoroaluminate-7784-19-2">Ammonium Hexafluoroaluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="barium-aluminide-12672-79-6">Barium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="barium-aluminate-12004-04-5">Barium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="barium-magnesium-aluminate-63774-55-0">Barium Magnesium Aluminate </a></li> <li class="product"><a href="bentonite-1302-78-9">Bentonite</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="beryllium-aluminate-12004-06-7">Beryllium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="beryllium-aluminosilicate-1302-52-9">Beryllium Aluminosilicate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="bismuth-aluminate-hydrate-308796-32-9">Bismuth Aluminate Hydrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="boralcan-al-b4c-matrix-composite">Boralcan</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="boron-aluminide">Boron Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="calcium-aluminate-12042-68-1">Calcium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="cerium-magnesium-aluminate-terbium-doped-106495-57-2">Cerium Magnesium Aluminate, Terbium doped</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="cesium-aluminate">Cesium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="cesium-tetrafluoroaluminate-39211-00-2">Cesium Tetrafluoroaluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="chromium-aluminum-carbide-12179-41-8">Chromium Aluminum Carbide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="cobalt-aluminide-12003-14-4">Cobalt Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="cobalt-ii-aluminate-1333-88-6">Cobalt(II) Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="cobalt-aluminum-oxide-12672-27-4">Cobalt Aluminum Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="cobalt-doped-titanium-aluminum-carbide">Cobalt-doped Titanium Aluminum Carbide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="copper-aluminum-zinc-oxide-12011-61-9">Copper Aluminum Zinc Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="copper-doped-titanium-aluminum-carbide">Copper-doped Titanium Aluminum Carbide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="copper-oxide-aluminum-oxide-granules">Copper Oxide/Aluminum Oxide Granules</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="cordierite-1302-88-1">Cordierite</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="erbium-aluminide-12004-20-5">Erbium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="gadolinium-aluminide-12004-26-1">Gadolinium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="holmium-aluminide-12505-45-2">Holmium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="iron-aluminide-12004-62-5">Iron Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="iron-aluminate-12068-49-4">Iron(II) Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="kaolin-92704-41-1">Kaolin</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lanthanum-aluminate-12003-65-5">Lanthanum Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lanthanum-aluminide-12004-32-9">Lanthanum Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lanthanum-titanium-aluminum-oxide">Lanthanum Titanium Aluminum Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-aluminate-12003-67-7">Lithium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-aluminum-deuteride-14128-54-2">Lithium Aluminum Deuteride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-aluminum-deuteride-solution-14128-54-2">Lithium Aluminum Deuteride Solution</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-aluminum-germanium-phosphate">Lithium Aluminum Germanium Phosphate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-aluminum-hydride-16853-85-3">Lithium Aluminum Hydride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-aluminum-hydride-solution-16853-85-3">Lithium Aluminum Hydride Solution</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-aluminum-hexahydride-16941-14-3">Lithium Aluminum Hexahydride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-aluminum-silicate-petalite-1302-66-5">Lithium Aluminum Silicate (Petalite)</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-borohydride-aluminum">Lithium Borohydride/Aluminum</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum-oxide-193214-24-3">Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum-oxide-electrode-sheet-193214-24-3">Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide Electrode Sheet</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lithium-tetrachloroaluminate-14024-11-4">Lithium Tetrachloroaluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="lutetium-aluminide-12267-60-6">Lutetium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="magnesium-aluminate-12068-51-8">Magnesium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="magnesium-aluminide-mg17al12">Magnesium Aluminide Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="magnesium-aluminide-mg2al3">Magnesium Aluminide Mg<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="magnesium-aluminum-hydroxycarbonate-11097-59-9">Magnesium Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate</a></li> <li class="product"> <a href="magnesium-aluminum-silicate-1327-43-1">Magnesium Aluminum Silicate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="magnesium-aluminum-zirconium-oxide-53169-11-2">Magnesium Aluminum Zirconium Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="manganese-aluminide-12253-13-3">Manganese Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="manganese-aluminum-carbide-mn2alc">Manganese Aluminum Carbide Mn<sub>2</sub>AlC</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="manganese-aluminum-carbide-mn3alc2">Manganese Aluminum Carbide Mn<sub>3</sub>AlC<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="mesoporous-aluminosilicates-1318-02-1">Mesoporous Aluminosilicates</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="molybdenum-aluminide-12003-72-4">Molybdenum Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="molybdenum-aluminum-boride">Molybdenum Aluminum Boride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="molybdenum-aluminum-carbide">Molybdenum Aluminum Carbide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="molybdenum-titanium-aluminum-carbide-mo2ti2alc3">Molybdenum Titanium Aluminum Carbide Mo<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>AlC<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="molybdenum-titanium-aluminum-carbide-mo2tialc2">Molybdenum Titanium Aluminum Carbide Mo<sub>2</sub>TiAlC<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="montmorillonite-aluminum-pillared-clay.html">Montmorillonite (Aluminum Pillared Clay)</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="muscovite-mica-sheet-12001-26-2">Muscovite Mica Sheet</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="neodymium-aluminide-12043-13-9">Neodymium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="nickel-aluminate-12004-35-2">Nickel Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="nickel-aluminide-nial3-12004-71-6">Nickel Aluminide NiAl<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="nickel-aluminide-raney-nickel-12003-78-0">Nickel Aluminide NiAl</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="nickel-aluminide-ni3al">Nickel Aluminide Ni<sub>3</sub>Al</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="niobium-aluminide-nb3al-12003-75-7">Niobium Aluminide Nb<sub>3</sub>Al</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="niobium-aluminide-nbal3-12004-70-5">Niobium Aluminide NbAl<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="niobium-aluminum-carbide-nb2alc-60687-94-7">Niobium Aluminum Carbide Nb<sub>2</sub>AlC</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="niobium-aluminum-carbide-nb4alc3-1015077-01-6">Niobium Aluminum Carbide Nb<sub>4</sub>AlC<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="potassium-aluminate-12003-63-3">Potassium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="potassium-fluoride-on-aluminum-oxide-7789-23-3">Potassium Fluoride on Aluminum Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="potassium-hexafluoroaluminate-13775-52-5">Potassium Hexafluoroaluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="praseodymium-aluminide-12043-24-2">Praseodymium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="rubidium-aluminate">Rubidium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="scandium-aluminum-carbide-scal3c3">Scandium Aluminum Carbide ScAl<sub>3</sub>C<sub>3</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="silicon-aluminum-oxynitride-112760-32-4">Silicon Aluminum Oxynitride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="silicon-nitride-aluminum-nitride-aluminum-oxide-sheet-112760-32-4">Silicon Nitride/Aluminum Nitride/Aluminum Oxide Sheet</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="sodium-aluminate-1302-42-7">Sodium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="sodium-aluminum-fluoride-chiolite-12068-55-2">Sodium Aluminum Fluoride (Chiolite)</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="sodium-aluminum-fluoride-cryolite-15096-52-3">Sodium Aluminum Fluoride (Cryolite)</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="sodium-aluminum-hydride-13770-96-2">Sodium Aluminum Hydride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="sodium-aluminum-hydride-solution-13770-96-2">Sodium Aluminum Hydride Solution</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="sodium-hexafluoroaluminate-13775-53-6">Sodium Hexafluoroaluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="sodium-tetrachloroaluminate-7784-16-9">Sodium Tetrachloroaluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="strontium-aluminate-12004-37-4">Strontium Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"> <a href="strontium-aluminate-sr3al2o6">Strontium Aluminate, Sr3Al2O6</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="strontium-aluminate-sr4al14o25-76125-60-5">Strontium Aluminate, Sr4Al14O25</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="strontium-aluminide-53169-53-2">Strontium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="strontium-aluminum-niobium-oxide">Strontium Aluminum Niobium Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="strontium-aluminum-tantalum-oxide">Strontium Aluminum Tantalum Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="strontium-lanthanum-aluminate-12251-73-9">Strontium Lanthanum Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="tantalum-aluminide-taal3-12004-76-1">Tantalum Alumindie TaAl<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="tantalum-aluminide-ta3al-12004-76-1">Tantalum Aluminide Ta<sub>3</sub>Al</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="tantalum-aluminum-carbide-ta2alc">Tantalum Aluminum Carbide Ta<sub>2</sub>AlC</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="tantalum-aluminum-carbide-ta4alc3-1019635-34-7">Tantalum Aluminum Carbide Ta<sub>4</sub>AlC<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="terbium-aluminide-12043-28-6">Terbium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="thulium-aluminide-12252-83-4">Thulium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminide-ti3al-39410-63-4">Titanium Aluminide Ti<sub>3</sub>Al</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminide-tial-12003-96-2">Titanium Aluminide TiAl</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminide-tial3-12004-78-3">Titanium Aluminide TiAl<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminum-carbide-ti2alc-12537-81-4">Titanium Aluminum Carbide Ti<sub>2</sub>AlC</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminum-carbide-ti3alc2-196506-01-1">Titanium Aluminum Carbide Ti<sub>3</sub>AlC<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminum-carbonitride-ti3alcn">Titanium Aluminum Carbonitride Ti<sub>3</sub>AlCN</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminum-nitride-ti2aln">Titanium Aluminum Nitride Ti<sub>2</sub>AlN</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminum-nitride-ti3aln">Titanium Aluminum Nitride Ti<sub>3</sub>AlN</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-aluminum-nitride-ti4aln3">Titanium Aluminum Nitride Ti<sub>4</sub>AlN<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="titanium-vanadium-aluminum-carbide">Titanium Vanadium Aluminum Carbide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="vanadium-aluminum-carbide-v2alc-12179-42-9">Vanadium Aluminum Carbide V<sub>2</sub>AlC</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="vanadium-aluminum-carbide-v4alc3-1019635-34-7">Vanadium Aluminum Carbide V<sub>4</sub>AlC<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="yttrium-aluminide-12043-30-0">Yttrium Aluminide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="yttrium-aluminum-borate-13813-76-8">Yttrium Aluminum Borate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="yttrium-aluminum-oxide-12005-21-9">Yttrium Aluminum Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="yttrium-aluminum-oxide-pellets-12005-21-9">Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Pellets</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="yttrium-aluminum-oxide-pieces-12005-21-9">Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Pieces</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="yttrium-aluminum-oxide-powder-12005-21-9">Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Powder</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="yttrium-aluminum-oxide-sputtering-target-12005-21-9">Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="yttrium-aluminum-oxide-tablets-12005-21-9">Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Tablets</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="zirconium-aluminide-12004-83-0">Zirconium Aluminide</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-products"><div class="panel-heading activate-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#metallic-products"><span class="panel-title">Metallic Forms</span><span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></div><div id="metallic-products" class="panel-body collapse row"> <ul class="grid grid3 no-dot"> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-balls-7429-90-5">Aluminum Balls</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-band-7429-90-5">Aluminum Bands</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-bars-7429-90-5">Aluminum Bars</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-beads-7429-90-5">Aluminum Beads</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-blocks-7429-90-5">Aluminum Blocks</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-canes-7429-90-5">Aluminum Canes</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-chunk-7429-90-5-0">Aluminum Chunk</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-coil-7429-90-5">Aluminum Coil</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-concentrate-7429-90-5">Aluminum Concentrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-cut-wire-shot-7429-90-5">Aluminum Cut Wire Shot</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-cylinder-7429-90-5">Aluminum Cylinder</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-disc-7429-90-5">Aluminum Disc</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-drop-7429-90-5">Aluminum Drop</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-electrode-7429-90-5">Aluminum Electrode</a></li> <li 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Aluminum Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="zinc-aluminum-sputtering-target">Zinc Aluminum Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="zinc-aluminum-rotatable-sputtering-target">Zinc Aluminum Rotatable Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="zirconium-aluminum-sputtering-target">Zirconium Aluminum Sputtering Target</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-products"><div class="panel-heading activate-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#isotope-products"><span class="panel-title">Isotopes</span><span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></div><div id="isotope-products" class="panel-body collapse row"> <ul class="grid grid3 no-dot"> <li class="product"><a href="aluminum-oxide-18o3">Aluminum Oxide-<sup>18</sup>O<sub>3</sub></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="openclose"> <div class="openall">+ Open All</div> <div class="closeall">- Close All</div> </div> </div> <div id="products-intro"> <p> Aluminum is available as <a href="aluminum-metal-7429-90-5">metal</a> and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity) in the form of <a href="aluminum-foil-7429-90-5">foils</a>, <a href="aluminum-sputtering-target-7429-90-5">sputtering targets</a>, and <a href="nanomaterials-nanoparticles-nanotechnology.html">nanopowders</a>. Elemental or metallic forms include pellets, rod, wire and granules for evaporation source material purposes.<img src="aluminum-oxide-powder.png" alt="High Purity (99.999%) Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) Powder" width="105" height="102" class="image-left" /> <a href="aluminum-oxide-1344-28-1">Aluminum oxide</a> is available in forms including <a href="aluminum-oxide-powder-1344-28-1">powders</a> and dense <a href="aluminum-oxide-pellets-1344-28-1">pellets</a> for such uses as optical coating and thin film applications. <a href="aluminum-sputtering-target-7429-90-5"><img src="aluminum-sputtering-target.png" alt="High Purity (99.9999%) Aluminum (Al) Sputtering Target" width="106" height="101" class="image-right" /></a> Aluminum is available in soluble forms including <a href="aluminum-chloride-solution-7446-70-0">chlorides</a>, <a href="aluminum-nitrate-solution-7784-27-2">nitrates</a> and <a href="aluminum-acetate-solution-139-12-8">acetates</a>. These compounds are also manufactured as <a href="solutions">solutions</a> at specified stoichiometries. Aluminum may be synthesized in <a href="Ultra_high_purity_metals_powders.htm">ultra-high purity</a> (99.999+%) forms for laboratory standards, advanced electronic, thin film deposition using <a href="sputtering-targets.html">sputtering targets</a> and evaporation materials, metallurgy and optical materials and other high technology applications. <a href="organometallics.html">Organometallic</a> aluminum compounds are soluble in organic or non-aqueous solvents. Information is provided for stable (non-radioactive) aluminum <a href="isotopes.html">isotopes</a> in the isotopes tab above. See <a href="services.html">Analytical Services</a> for information on available certified chemical and physical analysis techniques including MS-ICP, X-Ray Diffraction, PSD and Surface Area (BET) analysis.</p> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="properties" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab3"> <h2>Aluminum Properties</h2> <p><img src="elemental-aluminum.png" alt="Elemental Aluminum" class="image-right" height="88" width="98" /><img src="aluminum-block.png" alt="Aluminum (Al) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbol" class="image-left" height="40" width="38"><strong>Aluminum</strong>, also known as <strong>Aluminium</strong>, is a Block P, Group 13, Period 3 element. It is the third most abundant element in the earth's crust and the most abundant metallic element. In its elemental form, CAS 7429-90-5, Aluminum has a silvery gray metallic appearance. Pure aluminum is soft and lacks strength, but <a href="alloys.html">alloyed</a> with small amounts of <a href="cu.html">copper</a>, <a href="mg.html">magnesium</a>, <a href="si.html">silicon</a>, <a href="mn.html">manganese</a>, or other elements it has extraordinarily useful properties. <img src="https://www.americanelements.com/aluminum-bohr.jpg" alt="Aluminum Bohr Model" class="image-left" height="120" width="120" />It is light, nonmagnetic and non-sparking. It is second among <a href="metals.html">metals</a> in the scale of malleability, and sixth in ductility. Metallic aluminum was first predicted to be a component of alum salts in 1808 by Humphry Davy, and was first isolated in pure form by Friedrich Wöhler in 1827.</p> <div id="table-wrapper"> <div class="panel-group expanding" id="accordion2"> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"> <a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="#general-properties">General Properties<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="general-properties"> <table class="table properties-table" > <tr> <th id="symbol">Symbol:</th> <td>Al</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomic-number">Atomic Number:</th> <td>13</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomic-weight">Atomic Weight:</th> <td> 26.98</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="element-category">Element Category:</th> <td>post-transition metal</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="group-period-block">Group, Period, Block:</th> <td>13, 3, p</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="color">Color:</th> <td>silvery</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="other-names">Other Names:</th> <td>Aluminium; Alluminio </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"> <a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="#physical-properties">Physical Properties<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="physical-properties"> <table class="table properties-table" > <tr> <th id="melting-point">Melting Point:</th> <td>660.32 °C, 1220.58 °F</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="boiling-point">Boiling Point:</th> <td>2519 °C, 4566 °F</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="density">Density:</th> <td>2.70 g/cm<sup>3</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="liquid-density">Liquid Density @ Melting Point:</th> <td>2.375 g/cm<sup>3</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="density-20-degrees-C">Density @ 20°C:</th> <td>2.702 g/cm<sup>3</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="solid-density">Density of Solid:</th> <td>2700 kg·m<sup>3</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="specific-heat">Specific Heat:</th> <td>0.91 (kJ/kg K)</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="superconductivity-temperature">Superconductivity Temperature:</th> <td>1.175 [or -271.975 °C (-457.55 °F)] K</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="triple-point">Triple Point:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="critical-point">Critical Point:</th> <td>7,577 °C (7,850 K) , Mpa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="fusion-heat">Heat of Fusion (kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>):</th> <td>10.67</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="vaporization-heat">Heat of Vaporization (kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>):</th> <td>290.8</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomization-heat">Heat of Atomization (kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>):</th> <td>324.01</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="thermal-conductivity">Thermal Conductivity:</th> <td>237 W·m<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="thermal-expansion">Thermal Expansion:</th> <td>(25 °C) 23.1 µm·m<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="electrical-resistivity">Electrical Resistivity:</th> <td>(20 °C) 28.2 nΩ·m</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="tensile-strength">Tensile Strength:</th> <td>6800 psi Coldroled 16,000 psi.</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="molar-heat-capacity">Molar Heat Capacity:</th> <td>24.200 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="youngs-modulus">Young's Modulus:</th> <td>70 GPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="shear-modulus">Shear Modulus:</th> <td>26 GPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="bulk-modulus">Bulk Modulus:</th> <td>76 GPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="poisson-ratio">Poisson Ratio:</th> <td>0.35</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="mohs-hardness">Mohs Hardness:</th> <td>2.75</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="vickers-hardness">Vickers Hardness:</th> <td>167 MPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="brinell-hardness">Brinell Hardness:</th> <td>245 MPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="speed-of-sound">Speed of Sound:</th> <td>r.t. (rolled) 5,000 m·s<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="pauling-electronegativity">Pauling Electronegativity:</th> <td>1.61</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="sanderson-electronegativity">Sanderson Electronegativity:</th> <td>1.71</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="allerd-rochow-electronegativity">Allred Rochow Electronegativity:</th> <td>1.47</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="mulliken-jaffe-electronegativity">Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity:</th> <td>1.83 (sp2 orbital)</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="allen-electronegativity">Allen Electronegativity:</th> <td>1.613</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="pauling-electropositivity">Pauling Electropositivity:</th> <td>2.39</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="reflectivity">Reflectivity (%):</th> <td>71</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="refractive-index">Refractive Index:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"> <a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="#chemical-properties">Chemical Properties<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div id="chemical-properties" class="panel-collapse collapse">  <table class="properties-table table"> <tr> <th id="electrons">Electrons:</th> <td>13</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="protons">Protons:</th> <td>13</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="neutrons">Neutrons:</th> <td>14</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="electron-configuration">Electron Configuration:</th> <td>[Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomic-radius">Atomic Radius:</th> <td>143 pm</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomic-radius-non-bonded">Atomic Radius,<br /> non-bonded (Å):</th> <td>1.84</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="covalent-radius">Covalent Radius:</th> <td>121 ± 4 pm</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="covalent-radius-non-bonded">Covalent Radius (Å):</th> <td>1.24</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="van-der-waals-radius">Van der Waals Radius:</th> <td>184 pm</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="oxidation-states">Oxidation States:</th> <td>3,2,1 (amphoteric oxide)</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="phase">Phase:</th> <td>Solid</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="crystal-structure">Crystal Structure:</th> <td>face-centered cubic</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="magnetic-ordering">Magnetic Ordering:</th> <td>paramagnetic</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="electron-affinity">Electron Affinity (kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>)</th> <td>41.747</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="1-ionization">1<sup>st</sup> Ionization Energy:</th> <td>577.54 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="2-ionization">2<sup>nd</sup> Ionization Energy:</th> <td>1816.69 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="3-ionization">3<sup>rd</sup> Ionization Energy:</th> <td>2744.80 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-group expanding" id="accordion3"> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"> <a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="#identifiers">Identifiers<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="identifiers"> <table class="table properties-table" > <tr> <th id="cas-number">CAS Number:</th> <td>7429-90-5</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="ec-number">EC Number:</th> <td>231-072-3</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="mdl-number">MDL Number:</th> <td>MFCD00134029</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="beilstein-number">Beilstein Number:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="smile-id">SMILES Identifier:</th> <td>[Al]</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="inchi-id">InChI Identifier:</th> <td>InChI=1S/Al</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="inchi-key">InChI Key:</th> <td>XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="pubchem-cid">PubChem CID:</th> <td>5359268</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="chemspider-id">ChemSpider ID:</th> <td>4514248</td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"> <a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="#abundance">Abundance<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="abundance"> <table class="table properties-table" > <tr> <th class="abundance" id="earth-total">Earth - Total:</th> <td>1.41%</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="mercury-total">Mercury - Total:</th> <td>1.08%</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="venus-total">Venus - Total:</th> <td>1.48%</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-earth-seawater-weight">Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by weight:</th> <td>5</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-earth-seawater-atoms">Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by atoms:</th> <td>1.1</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-earth-crust-weight">Earth - Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by weight:</th> <td>82000000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-earth-crust-atoms">Earth - Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by atoms:</th> <td>63000000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-sun-weight">Sun - Total, ppb by weight:</th> <td>60000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-sun-atoms">Sun - Total, ppb by atoms:</th> <td>3000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-stream-weight">Stream, ppb by weight:</th> <td>400</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-stream-atoms">Stream, ppb by atoms:</th> <td>15</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-meterorite-carbonaceous-weight">Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by weight:</th> <td>9300000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-meterorite-carbonaceous-atoms">Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by atoms:</th> <td>6700000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-human-body-weight">Typical Human Body, ppb by weight:</th> <td>900</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-human-body-atoms">Typical Human Body, ppb by atom:</th> <td>210</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-universe-weight">Universe, ppb by weight:</th> <td>50000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-universe-atoms">Universe, ppb by atom:</th> <td>2000</td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"> <a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="#history">History<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="history"> <table class="table properties-table" > <tr> <th id="discovered">Discovered By:</th> <td>Sir Humphrey Davy</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="discovery-date">Discovery Date:</th> <td>1812</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="first-isolation">First Isolation:</th> <td>Friedrich Wöhler (1827)</td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="safety" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab4"> <h2>Health, Safety & Transportation Information for Aluminum</h2> <p>Safety data for aluminum metal, nanoparticles, and compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific aluminum material or compound referenced in the “Products” tab. The below information applies to elemental (metallic) Aluminum.<br /> </p> <table class="safety-table"> <thead> <tr> <th colspan="2" id="safety-data">Safety Data</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th><a href="safety-information.html#signalword" >Signal Word </a></th> <td>Warning</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="safety-information.html#hazardstatements" >Hazard Statements </a></th> <td>H228</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="hazard-codes.html#hazardcodes" >Hazard Codes</a></th> <td>F</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="safety-information.html#riskcodes" >Risk Codes </a></th> <td>11</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="safety-information.html#safetyprecautions" >Safety Precautions </a></th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="safety-information.html#rtecs" >RTECS Number </a></th> <td>BD0330000</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="safety-information.html#transportation" >Transport Information</a></th> <td>UN 1396 4.3/PG 2 </td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="safety-information.html#wgk" >WGK Germany </a></th> <td>nwg</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="hazard-codes.html" >Globally Harmonized System of <br /> Classification and Labelling (GHS) </a></th> <td><a href="hazard-codes.html#flame"><img src="flame.png" alt="Flame-Flammables" width="42" height="42" /></a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="panel-group expanding" id="accordion4"> <div class="panel panel-products"><div class="panel-heading panel-heading-sds activate-panel active-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#sds"><span class="panel-title">Review and Print SDS Aluminum Metal</span><span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></div> <div id="sds" class="panel-body collapse in row"> <div class= "view view-sds-pane view-id-sds_pane view-display-id-block sds-content view-dom-id-f002564fe4a90406559ede3c37bc8bcc"> <div class="view-header"> <div class="link-container"> <span class="print_pdf"><a class="print-pdf" href= "https://www.americanelements.com/printpdf/aluminum-metal-7429-90-5/sds" rel="nofollow" title= "Display a PDF version of this page.">Create Printable PDF</a></span> </div> <h1 class="centered"> SAFETY DATA SHEET </h1> <div id="sds-date"> <div> <strong>Date Created:</strong> 05/15/2015 </div> <div> <strong>Date Revised:</strong> 05/15/2015 </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-content"> <div> <hr> <h3> SECTION 1. IDENTIFICATION </h3> <p> <strong>Product Name:</strong> Aluminum Metal </p> <p> <strong>Product Number:</strong> All applicable American Elements product codes, e.g. AL-M-02, AL-M-03, AL-M-04, AL-M-05, AL-M-06 </p> <p> <strong>CAS #:</strong> 7429-90-5 </p> <p> <strong>Relevant identified uses of the substance:</strong> Scientific research and development </p> <p> Supplier details:<br> American Elements<br> 1093 Broxton Ave. Suite 2000<br> Los Angeles, CA 90024<br> Tel: +1 310-208-0551<br> Fax: +1 310-208-0351<br> <br> Emergency telephone number:<br> Domestic, North America +1 800-424-9300<br> International +1 703-527-3887 </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION </h3> <p> Classification of the substance or mixture<br> Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008<br> The substance is not classified as hazardous to health or the environment according to the CLP regulation.<br> Classification according to Directive 67/548/EEC or Directive 1999/45/EC<br> Not applicable<br> Information concerning particular hazards for human and environment:<br> No information known.<br> Hazards not otherwise classified<br> No information known.<br> Label elements<br> Labelling according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008<br> Not applicable<br> Hazard pictograms<br> Not applicable<br> Signal word<br> Not applicable<br> Hazard statements<br> Not applicable<br> WHMIS classification<br> Not controlled<br> Classification system<br> HMIS ratings (scale 0-4)<br> (Hazardous Materials Identification System)<br> HEALTH<br> FIRE<br> REACTIVITY<br> 0 <br> 0 <br> 0 <br> Health (acute effects) = 0<br> Flammability = 0<br> Physical Hazard = 0<br> Other hazards<br> Results of PBT and vPvB assessment<br> PBT:<br> Not applicable.<br> vPvB:<br> Not applicable </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS </h3> <p> Chemical characterization: Substances<br> CAS# Description:<br> 7429-90-5 Aluminum<br> Identification number(s):<br> EC number:<br> 231-072-3 </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 4. FIRST AID MEASURES </h3> <p> Description of first aid measures<br> General information<br> No special measures required.<br> After inhalation<br> Seek medical treatment in case of complaints.<br> After skin contact<br> Generally the product does not irritate the skin.<br> After eye contact<br> Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. If symptoms persist, consult a doctor.<br> After swallowing<br> If symptoms persist consult doctor.<br> Information for doctor<br> Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed<br> No further relevant information available. </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES </h3> <p> Extinguishing media<br> Suitable extinguishing agents<br> Special powder for metal fires. Do not use water.<br> For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents<br> Water<br> Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture<br> If this product is involved in a fire, the following can be released:<br> Metal oxide fume<br> Advice for firefighters<br> Protective equipment:<br> No special measures required </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES </h3> <p> Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures<br> Not required.<br> Environmental precautions:<br> Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.<br> Do not allow product to reach sewage system or any water course.<br> Do not allow to penetrate the ground/soil.<br> Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:<br> Pick up mechanically.<br> Prevention of secondary hazards:<br> No special measures required.<br> Reference to other sections<br> See Section 7 for information on safe handling<br> See Section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.<br> See Section 13 for disposal information. </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE </h3> <p> Handling<br> Precautions for safe handling<br> Keep container tightly sealed.<br> Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.<br> Information about protection against explosions and fires:<br> No special measures required.<br> Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities<br> Storage<br> Requirements to be met by storerooms and receptacles:<br> No special requirements.<br> Information about storage in one common storage facility:<br> Do not store together with acids.<br> Store away from oxidizing agents.<br> Further information about storage conditions:<br> Keep container tightly sealed.<br> Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.<br> Specific end use(s)<br> No further relevant information available. </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION </h3> <p> Additional information about design of technical systems:<br> No further data; see section 7.<br> Control parameters<br> Components with limit values that require monitoring at the workplace:<br> 7429-90-5 Aluminum (100.0%)<br> PEL (USA) Long-term value: 15*; 15** mg/m³<br> *Total dust; ** Respirable fraction<br> REL (USA) Long-term value: 10* 5** mg/m³<br> *Total dust **Respirable fraction<br> TLV (USA) Long-term value: 1* mg/m³<br> as Al; *as respirable fraction<br> EL (Canada) Long-term value: 1.0 mg/m³<br> metal and insoluble compdounds, respirable<br> EV (Canada) Long-term value: 5 mg/m³<br> aluminium-containing (as aluminium)<br> Additional information:<br> No data<br> Exposure controls<br> Personal protective equipment<br> General protective and hygienic measures<br> The usual precautionary measures for handling chemicals should be followed.<br> Maintain an ergonomically appropriate working environment.<br> Breathing equipment:<br> Not required.<br> Protection of hands:<br> Not required.<br> Penetration time of glove material (in minutes)<br> Not determined<br> Eye protection:<br> Safety glasses<br> Body protection:<br> Protective work clothing </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES </h3> <p> Information on basic physical and chemical properties<br> General Information<br> Appearance:<br> Form: Solid in various forms<br> Color: Silver-colored<br> Odor: Odorless<br> Odor threshold: Not determined.<br> pH-value: Not applicable.<br> Change in condition<br> Melting point/Melting range: 660.4 °C (1221 °F)<br> Boiling point/Boiling range: 2519 °C (4566 °F)<br> Sublimation temperature / start: Not determined<br> Flammability (solid, gaseous)<br> Not determined.<br> Ignition temperature: Not determined<br> Decomposition temperature: Not determined<br> Auto igniting: Not determined.<br> Danger of explosion: Not determined.<br> Explosion limits:<br> Lower: Not determined<br> Upper: Not determined<br> Vapor pressure: Not applicable.<br> Density at 20 °C (68 °F): 2.7 g/cm³ (22.532 lbs/gal)<br> Relative density<br> Not determined.<br> Vapor density<br> Not applicable.<br> Evaporation rate<br> Not applicable.<br> Solubility in / Miscibility with Water: Insoluble<br> Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined.<br> Viscosity:<br> dynamic: Not applicable.<br> kinematic: Not applicable.<br> Other information<br> No further relevant information available. </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY </h3> <p> Reactivity<br> No information known.<br> Chemical stability<br> Stable under recommended storage conditions.<br> Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:<br> Decomposition will not occur if used and stored according to specifications.<br> Possibility of hazardous reactions<br> Reacts with strong oxidizing agents<br> Conditions to avoid<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Incompatible materials:<br> Acids<br> Oxidizing agents<br> Hazardous decomposition products:<br> Metal oxide fume </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION </h3> <p> Information on toxicological effects<br> Acute toxicity:<br> No effects known.<br> LD/LC50 values that are relevant for classification:<br> No data<br> Skin irritation or corrosion:<br> May cause irritation<br> Eye irritation or corrosion:<br> May cause irritation<br> Sensitization:<br> No sensitizing effects known.<br> Germ cell mutagenicity:<br> No effects known.<br> Carcinogenicity:<br> ACGIH A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen: Inadequate data on which to classify the agent in terms of its carcinogenicity in humans and/or animals.<br> Reproductive toxicity:<br> The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances(RTECS) contains reproductive data for this substance.<br> Specific target organ system toxicity - repeated exposure:<br> No effects known.<br> Specific target organ system toxicity - single exposure:<br> No effects known.<br> Aspiration hazard:<br> No effects known.<br> Subacute to chronic toxicity:<br> The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) contains multiple dose toxicity<br> data for this substance.<br> Additional toxicological information:<br> To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known. </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION </h3> <p> Toxicity<br> Aquatic toxicity:<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Persistence and degradability<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Bioaccumulative potential<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Mobility in soil<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Additional ecological information:<br> General notes:<br> Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.<br> Avoid transfer into the environment.<br> Results of PBT and vPvB assessment<br> PBT:<br> Not applicable.<br> vPvB:<br> Not applicable.<br> Other adverse effects<br> No further relevant information available. </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS </h3> <p> Waste treatment methods<br> Recommendation<br> Consult state, local or national regulations to ensure proper disposal.<br> Uncleaned packagings:<br> Recommendation:<br> Disposal must be made according to official regulations. </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION </h3> <p> UN-Number<br> DOT, ADN, IMDG, IATA<br> Not applicable<br> UN proper shipping name<br> DOT, ADN, IMDG, IATA<br> Not applicable<br> Transport hazard class(es)<br> DOT, ADR, ADN, IMDG, IATA<br> Class<br> Not applicable<br> Packing group<br> DOT, IMDG, IATA<br> Not applicable<br> Environmental hazards:<br> Not applicable.<br> Special precautions for user<br> Not applicable.<br> Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL73/78 and the IBC Code<br> Not applicable.<br> Transport/Additional information:<br> DOT<br> Marine Pollutant (DOT):<br> No </p> <hr> <h3> SECTION 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION </h3> <p> Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture<br> National regulations<br> All components of this product are listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical substance Inventory.<br> All components of this product are listed on the Canadian Domestic Substances List (DSL).<br> SARA Section 313 (specific toxic chemical listings)<br> 7429-90-5 Aluminum<br> California Proposition 65<br> Prop 65 - Chemicals known to cause cancer<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, female<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, male<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Information about limitation of use:<br> For use only by technically qualified individuals.<br> This product is subject to the reporting requirements of section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act of 1986 and 40CFR372.<br> Other regulations, limitations and prohibitive regulations<br> Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) according to the REACH Regulations (EC) No. 1907/2006.<br> Substance is not listed.<br> The conditions of restrictions according to Article 67 and Annex XVII of the Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) for the manufacturing, placing on the market and use must be observed.<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Annex XIV of the REACH Regulations (requiring Authorisation for use)<br> Substance is not listed.<br> REACH - Pre-registered substances<br> Substance is listed.<br> Chemical safety assessment:<br> A Chemical Safety Assessment has not been carried out. </p> <hr> <h3> 16. OTHER INFORMATION </h3> <p> Safety Data Sheet according to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH). The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. American Elements shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale. COPYRIGHT 1997-2016 AMERICAN ELEMENTS. LICENSED GRANTED TO MAKE UNLIMITED PAPER COPIES FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="isotopes" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab5"> <h2>Aluminum Isotopes</h2> <p>Aluminum has 22 known isotopes from <sup>21</sup>Al to <sup>42</sup>Al. Of the 22, only <sup>27</sup>Al (stable isotope) and <sup>26</sup>Al (radioactive isotope; t<sub>1/2</sub> = 0.72x10<sup>6</sup> yr) occur naturally. <sup>26</sup>Al is produced from argon in the atmosphere by spallation caused by cosmic-ray protons. <sup>26</sup>Al and <sup>27</sup>Al have several practical applications; for example, dating of marine sediments, glacial ice, and meteorites. The ratio of <sup>26</sup>Al to <sup>10</sup>Be has been used to study the role of transport, deposition, sediment storage and burial times, and erosion on 10<sup>5</sup> to 10<sup>6</sup> yr timescales.</p> <table class="isotopes-table"> <tr> <th scope="col" id="nuclide">Nuclide</th> <th scope="col" id="mass">Isotopic Mass</th> <th scope="col" id="half-life">Half-Life</th> <th scope="col" id="decay">Mode of Decay</th> <th scope="col" id="nuclear-spin">Nuclear Spin</th> <th scope="col" id="magnetic-moment">Magnetic Moment</th> <th scope="col" id="binding-energy">Binding Energy (MeV)</th> <th scope="col" id="natural-abundance">Natural Abundance<br /> (% by atom)</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>21</sup>Al</th> <td>21.02804(32)#</td> <td><35 ns</td> <td>p to <sup>20</sup>Mg</td> <td>1/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>128.98</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>22</sup>Al</th> <td>22.01952(10)#</td> <td>59(3) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>22</sup>Mg; ß<sup>+</sup> + 2p to <sup>20</sup>Ne; ß<sup>+</sup> + p to <sup>21</sup>Na</td> <td>(3)+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>145.44</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>23</sup>Al</th> <td>23.007267(20)</td> <td>470(30) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>23</sup>Mg; ß<sup>+</sup> + p to <sup>22</sup>Na</td> <td>5/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>164.7</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>24</sup>Al</th> <td>23.9999389(30)</td> <td>2.053(4) s</td> <td>EC + a to <sup>20</sup>Ne; EC to <sup>24</sup>Mg</td> <td>4+</td> <td>3.646</td> <td>180.23</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>25</sup>Al</th> <td>24.9904281(5)</td> <td>7.183(12) s</td> <td>EC to <sup>25</sup>Mg</td> <td>5/2+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>196.7</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>26</sup>Al</th> <td>25.98689169(6)</td> <td>7.17(24)E+5 y</td> <td>EC to <sup>26</sup>Mg</td> <td>5+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>208.5</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>27</sup>Al</th> <td>26.98153863(12)</td> <td>STABLE</td> <td>-</td> <td>5/2+</td> <td>3.641504</td> <td>221.24</td> <td>100</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>28</sup>Al</th> <td>27.98191031(14)</td> <td>2.2414(12) min</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>28</sup>Si</td> <td>3+</td> <td>3.24</td> <td>229.32</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>29</sup>Al</th> <td>28.9804450(13)</td> <td>6.56(6) min</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>29</sup>Si</td> <td>5/2+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>238.33</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>30</sup>Al</th> <td>29.982960(15)</td> <td>3.60(6) s</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>30</sup>Si</td> <td>3+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>244.54</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>31</sup>Al</th> <td>30.983947(22)</td> <td>644(25) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>31</sup>Si; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>30</sup>Si</td> <td>(3/2,5/2)+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>251.69</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>32</sup>Al</th> <td>31.98812(9)</td> <td>31.7(8) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>32</sup>Si; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>31</sup>Si</td> <td>1+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>255.11</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>33</sup>Al</th> <td>32.99084(8)</td> <td>41.7(2) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>33</sup>Si; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>32</sup>Si</td> <td>(5/2+)#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>261.33</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>34</sup>Al</th> <td>33.99685(12)</td> <td>56.3(5) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>34</sup>Si; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>33</sup>Si</td> <td>4-#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>263.82</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>35</sup>Al</th> <td>34.99986(19)</td> <td>38.6(4) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>35</sup>Si; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>34</sup>Si</td> <td>5/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>269.1</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>36</sup>Al</th> <td>36.00621(23)</td> <td>90(40) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>36</sup>Si; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>35</sup>Si</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>270.66</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>37</sup>Al</th> <td>37.01068(36)</td> <td>10.7(13) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>37</sup>Si</td> <td>3/2+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>275.01</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>38</sup>Al</th> <td>38.01723(78)</td> <td>7.6(6) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>38</sup>Si</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>276.57</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>39</sup>Al</th> <td>39.02297(158)</td> <td>7.6(16) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>39</sup>Si</td> <td>3/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>279.99</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>40</sup>Al</th> <td>40.03145(75)#</td> <td>10# ms [>260 ns]</td> <td>Unknown</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>279.68</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>41</sup>Al</th> <td>41.03833(86)#</td> <td>2# ms [>260 ns]</td> <td>Unknown</td> <td>3/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>281.24</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> <sup>42</sup>Al</th> <td>42.04689(97)#</td> <td>1# ms</td> <td>Unknown</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>281.86</td> <td>-</td> </tr> </table> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.americanelements.com/css/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script> <script src="https://www.americanelements.com/css/slippry.min.js"></script> <div class="scrollup">^</div> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ $(window).scroll(function () { if ($(this).scrollTop() > 350) { $('.scrollup').fadeIn(500); 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