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editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Història" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Història"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Història</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Història-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Història</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Història-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-El_primer_soldà" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#El_primer_soldà"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>El primer soldà</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-El_primer_soldà-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Els_grans_seljúcides" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Els_grans_seljúcides"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Els grans seljúcides</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Els_grans_seljúcides-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altres_dinasties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altres_dinasties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Altres dinasties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altres_dinasties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Les_sultanes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Les_sultanes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Les sultanes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Les_sultanes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sultans_contemporanis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sultans_contemporanis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sultans contemporanis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sultans_contemporanis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Taula de continguts" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sultà</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 100 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - alemany suís" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemany suís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sold%C3%A1n" title="Soldán - aragonès" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Soldán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سلطان - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سلطان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سلطان - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سلطان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sult%C3%A1n" title="Sultán - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sultán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سولطان - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سولطان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Солтан - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Солтан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সুলতান - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সুলতান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - bretó" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - cebuà" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%B5%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سوڵتان - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سوڵتان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sult%C3%A1n" title="Sultán - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sultán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - txuvaix" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swltan" title="Swltan - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Swltan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Σουλτάνος - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουλτάνος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultano" title="Sultano - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sultano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sult%C3%A1n" title="Sultán - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sultán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سلطان - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سلطان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulttaani" title="Sulttaani - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sulttaani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabhd%C3%A1n" title="Sabhdán - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sabhdán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sult%C3%A1n" title="Sultán - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sultán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="סולטאן - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סולטאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सुल्तान - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सुल्तान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szult%C3%A1n" title="Szultán - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szultán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սուլթան - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուլթան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultano" title="Sultano - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sultano" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sold%C3%A1n" title="Soldán - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Soldán" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultano" title="Sultano - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sultano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="スルターン - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スルターン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - javanès" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სულთანი - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სულთანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%B1%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сұлтан - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сұлтан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%A0%ED%83%84" title="술탄 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="술탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siltan" title="Siltan - kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Siltan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanus" title="Sultanus - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sultanus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultonas" title="Sultonas - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sultonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sult%C4%81ns" title="Sultāns - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sultāns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solt%C3%A0na" title="Soltàna - malgaix" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Soltàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="സുൽത്താൻ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സുൽത്താൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_(rang)" title="Sultan (rang) - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sultan (rang)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸੁਲਤਾਨ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੁਲਤਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C5%82tan" title="Sułtan - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sułtan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سلطان - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سلطان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سلطان - paixtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سلطان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paixtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sult%C3%A3o" title="Sultão - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sultão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanu" title="Sultanu - sicilià" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sultanu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سلطان - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سلطان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sult%C3%A1n" title="Sultán - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sultán" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulltani" title="Sulltani - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sulltani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultani" title="Sultani - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sultani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சுல்தான் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுல்தான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Султон - tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Султон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="สุลต่าน - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สุลต่าน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soltan" title="Soltan - turcman" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Soltan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Султан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سلطان - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلطان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulton" title="Sulton - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sulton" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%EF%BC%88%E7%A7%B0%E8%B0%93%EF%BC%89" title="苏丹（称谓） - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏丹（称谓）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სულთანი - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სულთანი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="סולטאן - ídix" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סולטאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ídix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9_(%E7%A7%B0%E8%B0%93)" title="苏丹 (称谓) - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苏丹 (称谓)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E6%AA%80" title="素檀 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="素檀" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sultan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9_(%E7%A8%B1%E5%91%BC)" title="蘇丹 (稱呼) - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇丹 (稱呼)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q43292#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificau enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button 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decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/FP_Interior_icon.svg/33px-FP_Interior_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/FP_Interior_icon.svg/44px-FP_Interior_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span>Sultà <br /><span style="font-size:90%;"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:EmperorSuleiman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EmperorSuleiman.jpg/256px-EmperorSuleiman.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EmperorSuleiman.jpg/385px-EmperorSuleiman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EmperorSuleiman.jpg/513px-EmperorSuleiman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1810" data-file-height="2117" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Titular</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Solim%C3%A0_el_Magn%C3%ADfic" class="mw-redirect" title="Solimà el Magnífic">Solimà el Magnífic</a>, el sultà que va regnar més temps a l'Imperi Otomà</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Institució</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sultanat" title="Sultanat">sultanat</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43292?uselang=ca#P2389" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Un <b>soldà</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o <b>sultà</b> (de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%80rab" title="Àrab">àrab</a> <span lang="ar" style="font-family: 'Iranian Sans', 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif;direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">سلطان</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">sulṭān</span><i>, </i>i aquest de <span lang="ar" style="font-family: 'Iranian Sans', 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif;direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">سلطة</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">sulṭa</span><i>, ‘</i>poder’)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> és un <a href="/wiki/Monarca" title="Monarca">monarca</a> que governa un país <a href="/wiki/Isl%C3%A0mic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islàmic">islàmic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El títol aporta autoritat moral i religiosa tal com està definit a l'<a href="/wiki/Alcor%C3%A0" title="Alcorà">Alcorà</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El primer a portar el títol de soldà va ser <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_de_Ghazna" title="Mahmud de Ghazna">Mahmud de Ghazna</a> (<a href="/wiki/998" title="998">998</a> - <a href="/wiki/1030" title="1030">1030</a>), que a partir de la ciutat de <a href="/wiki/Gazni" title="Gazni">Gazni</a>, a l'actual <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a>, va governar uns dominis que anaven des del <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a> fins a <a href="/wiki/Regi%C3%B3_de_Mesopot%C3%A0mia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regió de Mesopotàmia">Mesopotàmia</a>. Posteriorment «soldà» esdevingué el títol dels governants dels <a href="/wiki/Imperi_Selj%C3%BAcida" title="Imperi Seljúcida">turcs seljúcides</a>, dels <a href="/wiki/Imperi_Otom%C3%A0" title="Imperi Otomà">turcs otomans</a>, de la <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_ai%C3%BAbida" title="Dinastia aiúbida">dinastia aiúbida</a> i dels <a href="/wiki/Mamelucs" title="Mamelucs">mamelucs</a> que governaren <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a>. Actualment fan servir aquest títol el soldà d'<a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>, el soldà de <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> i alguns soldans honorífics a les <a href="/wiki/Filipines" title="Filipines">Filipines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illa_de_Java" class="mw-redirect" title="Illa de Java">Java</a> o <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A0isia" title="Malàisia">Malàisia</a>. </p><p>La dinastia i les terres governades per un sultà s'anomenen <a href="/wiki/Sultanat" title="Sultanat">sultanat</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%80rab" title="Àrab">àrab</a>: <span lang="ar" style="font-family: 'Iranian Sans', 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, 'Microsoft Sans Serif', 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif;direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">سلطنة</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">ṣalṭana</span>). </p><p>El terme però és reemplaçat gradualment pel títol de rei o <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A0lik" title="Màlik">màlik</a>,</i> en àrab.<sup title="El text on hi ha aquest avís necessita una citació." class="noprint"><span class="noprint" style="color:blue;">[<a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Citau_les_fonts" title="Viquipèdia:Citau les fonts"><i>cal citació</i></a>]</span></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Història"><span id="Hist.C3.B2ria"></span>Història</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sult%C3%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Història"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="El_primer_soldà"><span id="El_primer_sold.C3.A0"></span>El primer soldà</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sult%C3%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: El primer soldà"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Mahmud_and_Ayaz_and_Shah_Abbas_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mahmud_and_Ayaz_and_Shah_Abbas_I.jpg/220px-Mahmud_and_Ayaz_and_Shah_Abbas_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mahmud_and_Ayaz_and_Shah_Abbas_I.jpg/330px-Mahmud_and_Ayaz_and_Shah_Abbas_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mahmud_and_Ayaz_and_Shah_Abbas_I.jpg/440px-Mahmud_and_Ayaz_and_Shah_Abbas_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="740" /></a><figcaption><i>Mahmoud i Ayaz</i>: el primer soldà de la història és aquí a la dreta, donant la mà al xeic, amb Ayaz darrere seu. La figura de la dreta és <a href="/wiki/Abbas_I_el_Gran" title="Abbas I el Gran">Abbas I el Gran</a>, que va governar uns 600 anys després. Museu d'Art Contemporani de <a href="/wiki/Teheran" title="Teheran">Teheran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cap a l'any 900, el <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abb%C3%A0ssida" title="Califat Abbàssida">Califat Abbàssida</a> es va debilitar molt. Diversos governadors provincials ja s'han transformat en sobirans hereditaris, amb el títol d'<a href="/wiki/Emir" title="Emir">emir</a>. També hi ha emirs que controlen territoris més petits, una o algunes ciutats i els seus voltants. </p><p>Cap a l'any 940, la guerra civil estava en ple desenvolupament. La dinastia dels abbàssides, a punt de desaparèixer, és salvada pels germans <a href="/wiki/Buw%C3%A0yhides" title="Buwàyhides">buwàyhides</a>, que restableixen l'ordre a les províncies centrals, que són aproximadament els actuals territoris de l'<a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> i l'<a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>. El més jove dels tres germans, <a href="/wiki/Mu%C3%AFzz_al-Dawla" title="Muïzz al-Dawla">Ahmad Ibn Bouway</a>, van prendre <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> el 945 i rebuts des <a href="/wiki/Califa" title="Califa">del</a> califa abbàssida el títol d'<i>amir al-umarà</i> (‘emir dels emirs’), Sovint anomenat «gran emir». Salvats pels buwàyhides, els califes abbàssides van quedar sota la seva tutela. </p><p>Procedent d'una província abbàssida, que succeeix a l'<a href="/wiki/Dinastia_sam%C3%A0nida" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinastia samànida">estat samànida</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Gazn%C3%A8vides" title="Gaznèvides">Imperi Gaznèvida</a> es troba en la seva major fase d'expansió sota <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_de_Ghazna" title="Mahmud de Ghazna">Mahmud de Ghazna</a>. Aquest <a href="/wiki/Turcmans" title="Turcmans">líder turcman</a>, que va governar del 996 al 1030, al capdavant d'un imperi més gran que el dels buwàyhides, que no reconeixia la superioritat d'aquest, però tampoc volia disputar el lloc del califa, va escollir, per tant, un altre títol: «sultà». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Els_grans_seljúcides"><span id="Els_grans_selj.C3.BAcides"></span>Els grans seljúcides</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sult%C3%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Els grans seljúcides"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Al final del seu regnat, <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_de_Ghazna" title="Mahmud de Ghazna">Mahmud de Ghazna</a> va patir la revolta dels <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_selj%C3%BAcida" title="Dinastia seljúcida">seljúcides</a> als seus territoris. Aquest últim, dirigida per <a href="/wiki/Toghril_Beg_I" title="Toghril Beg I">Toghril Beg I</a>, es va apoderar de gran part de l'Imperi Gaznàvides el 1040. A continuació, Toghril-Beg va avançar cap a l'oest, va annexionar l'<a href="/wiki/Buw%C3%A0yhides" title="Buwàyhides">Imperi Buwàyhida</a> i va posar fi a aquesta dinastia d'emirs. Amb el títol de <i>soldà</i>, Toghril-Beg i els seus successors es converteixen en els nous protectors dels califes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Altres_dinasties">Altres dinasties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sult%C3%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Altres dinasties"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La unitat dels seljúcides dura poc. L'Imperi es divideix en diversos estats, alguns dels quals tenen el títol de sultà com els <a href="/wiki/Soldanat_de_Rum" title="Soldanat de Rum">seljúcides de Roum</a> (1077-1307) o els seljúcides d'Hamadan (1118-1194). </p><p>Els <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_ai%C3%BAbida" title="Dinastia aiúbida">aiúbides</a>, dinastia de sultans d'Egipte, fundada per <a href="/wiki/Salad%C3%AD" title="Saladí">Saladí</a> el 1169, que va regnar d'<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> a <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADria" title="Síria">Síria</a>, es troba entre els sultans més famosos d'Occident. Saladí mana sobre diversos emirs i rep ordres del califa de Bagdad. </p><p>Al <a href="/wiki/Magrib" title="Magrib">Magrib</a>, els monarques del Marroc s'anomenen sultans des dels <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_mar%C3%ADnida" title="Dinastia marínida">marínides</a> al segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xiii</span> fins al 1957, quan <a href="/wiki/Muh%C3%A0mmad_V_del_Marroc" title="Muhàmmad V del Marroc">Muhàmmad V del Marroc</a> va optar per portar el títol de «rei del Marroc» per simbolitzar la unitat del país. </p><p>Els governants de la dinastia <a href="/wiki/Abdalwadites" title="Abdalwadites">abdalwadita</a> de <a href="/wiki/Tlemcen" title="Tlemcen">Tlemcen</a> a <a href="/wiki/Alg%C3%A8ria" title="Algèria">Algèria</a> també es van anomenar sultans fins a l'arribada del domini otomà. Hi havia altres governants que es proclamaven soldans, des de l’Àfrica occidental fins a <a href="/wiki/Indon%C3%A8sia" title="Indonèsia">Indonèsia</a>. Aquest títol constitueix un emblema de la seva vinculació a l'islam i un reconeixement de l'autoritat religiosa del califa durant la seva existència. </p><p>En casos especials, els <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_Osman" title="Dinastia Osman">sultans otomans</a>, de l'any 1517, també porten el títol de <a href="/wiki/Califa" title="Califa">califa</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Les_sultanes">Les sultanes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sult%C3%A0&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Les sultanes"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La primera <b>sultana</b> que va governar en nom propi (ja hi havia sultanes regents abans que governaven pels seus fills petits) és probablement <a href="/wiki/Raziya" title="Raziya">Raziya</a> (1236-1240) del <a href="/wiki/Sultanat_de_Delhi" title="Sultanat de Delhi">sultanat de Delhi</a>. Va establir escoles, acadèmies, centres de recerca i biblioteques públiques. Ella va demanar que li diguessin «sultà» i no «sultana». Segons ella, «sultana» era un terme reservat per a les dones i concubines d'un sultà. </p><p><a href="/wiki/X%C3%A0jar-ad-Durr" title="Xàjar-ad-Durr">Xàjar-ad-Durr</a>, vídua d'<a href="/wiki/As-S%C3%A0lih_Ayyub" title="As-Sàlih Ayyub">as-Sàlih Ayyub</a>, va ser sultana <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_ai%C3%BAbida" title="Dinastia aiúbida">aiúbida</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> del 1250 al 1257, associada al seu nou marit, el primer <a href="/wiki/Mamelucs" title="Mamelucs">sultà mameluc</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Mu%C3%AFzz_%C3%80ybak" title="Al-Muïzz Àybak">al-Muïzz Àybak</a>, a qui va matar abans de ser assassinada pels que l'envoltaven. </p><p>Dominant diversos idiomes, inclòs l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%80rab" title="Àrab">àrab</a>, el <a href="/wiki/Kanar%C3%A8s" title="Kanarès">kanarès</a>, el <a href="/wiki/Marathi" title="Marathi">marathi</a>, el <a href="/wiki/Persa" title="Persa">persa</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Turc" title="Turc">turc</a>, Chand Sultana, més coneguda com a Chand Bibi, va ser regent del país del seu marit, <a href="/wiki/Bijapur_(Karnataka)" title="Bijapur (Karnataka)">Bijapur</a>, des de 1580 fins a 1590. Va ser després regent del seu país natal, <a href="/wiki/Ahmednagar" title="Ahmednagar">Ahmednagar</a>, des de 1596 fins a 1599. </p><p>El <a href="/wiki/Patani" title="Patani">Regne de Patani</a>, situat al sud de l'actual <a href="/wiki/Tail%C3%A0ndia" title="Tailàndia">Tailàndia</a>, va viure un període en què es van succeir quatre sobirans. Comença amb l'accés al tron de la princesa Ijau el 1584 i acaba amb la mort de la seva neboda Kuning el 1651. </p><p>L'<a href="/wiki/Imperi_Otom%C3%A0" title="Imperi Otomà">Imperi Otomà</a> també va viure un període anomenat «Sultanat de Dones» (<i>Kadinlar saltanati</i> en turc) fa uns 130 anys. Durant aquest període, les mares, fins i tot les àvies d'un sultà com <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6sem_Sultan" title="Kösem Sultan">Kösem Sultan</a> (1589-1651) havia governat en nom dels seus fills o nets. </p><p>El <a href="/wiki/Sultanat_d%27Aceh" title="Sultanat d'Aceh">Sultanat d'Aceh</a>, al nord de l'illa de <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Indon%C3%A8sia" title="Indonèsia">Indonèsia</a>, també va experimentar un període de quatre reines successives, que van des de 1641, amb l’aparició del Ratu Safiatuddin Tajul Alam, fins al 1699 amb la mort del Ratu Kamalat Shah Zinatuddin. </p><p>Khnata bent Bakkar va ser sultana del Marroc del 1729 al 1754, va assegurar la regència durant el període següent a la desaparició del sultà <a href="/wiki/Mulay_Ismail" title="Mulay Ismail">Mulay Ismail</a> el 1727. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sultans_contemporanis">Sultans contemporanis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sult%C3%A0&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Sultans contemporanis"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Actualment, duen el títol de sultà: </p> <ul><li>a l'<a href="/wiki/Orient_Mitj%C3%A0" title="Orient Mitjà">Orient Mitjà</a>, el sobirà d'<a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>;</li> <li>a <a href="/wiki/Insul%C3%ADndia" title="Insulíndia">Insulíndia</a> i la <a href="/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_de_Malaca" title="Península de Malaca">península de Malaca</a>, <ul><li>el governant de <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>, al nord de l'illa de <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a>;</li> <li>els governants dels tres tribunals de <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a>, el de Yogyakarta a l'<a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">illa de Java</a>, el de <a href="/wiki/Sultanat_de_Pontianak" title="Sultanat de Pontianak">Pontianak</a> a Kalimantan i els de <a href="/wiki/Sultanat_de_Ternate" title="Sultanat de Ternate">Ternate</a> i Tidore a les <a href="/wiki/Moluques" title="Moluques">Moluques</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Indon%C3%A8sia" title="Indonèsia">Indonèsia</a>;</li> <li>els sobirans de set dels nou estats constituents de la Federació de <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A0isia" title="Malàisia">Malàisia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kelantan" title="Kelantan">Kelantan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pahang" title="Pahang">Pahang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Selangor" title="Selangor">Selangor</a> i <a href="/wiki/Terengganu" title="Terengganu">Terengganu</a>, tots situats a la península de Malàisia (a diferència dels altres dos estats, veïns de Brunei i situats a l'illa de <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a>).</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sult%C3%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0143224.xml">soldà | enciclopèdia.cat</a>». [Consulta: 24 setembre 2018].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180924185507/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/sultan">sultan | Definition of sultan in US English by Oxford Dictionaries</a>». Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/sultan">original</a> el 2018-09-24. [Consulta: 24 setembre 2018].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"> «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://definicion.de/sultan/">Definición de sultán — Definicion.de</a>» (en castellà). <i>Definición.de</i>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"> «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/sultan-Islamic-title">Sultan | Islamic title</a>» (en anglès). <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sult%C3%A0&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output 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title="commons:Category:Sultans">Sultà</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khassakiyya" title="Khassakiyya">Khassakiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solak" title="Solak">Solak</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX4685075">1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" 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href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/sultan-Islamic-title">1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treccani" title="Treccani">Treccani</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/sultano">1</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sultà&oldid=34578157">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sultà&oldid=34578157</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Sultans" 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