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Unbiased Competition | Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence
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In Ardid et al. PNAS (2019), I identified how dissimilarities in the physiology of competing neural populations determine the direction of the resulting bias according to the characteristics of (unbiased) external inputs. There are three general ways in which Unbiased Competition may occur..."><meta property="og:image" content="https://LofNaDI.github.io/images/icon_hu51bc7776438b23ec3e2baa9fc0ae64dd_101211_512x512_fill_lanczos_center_3.png"> <meta property="twitter:image" content="https://LofNaDI.github.io/images/icon_hu51bc7776438b23ec3e2baa9fc0ae64dd_101211_512x512_fill_lanczos_center_3.png"><meta property="og:locale" content="en-us"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2020-02-16T00:00:00+00:00"> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2021-11-08T13:32:44+01:00"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://LofNaDI.github.io/project/unbiased-competition/" }, "headline": "Unbiased Competition", "datePublished": "2020-02-16T00:00:00Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-08T13:32:44+01:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Salva Ardid, PhD" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://LofNaDI.github.io/images/icon_hu51bc7776438b23ec3e2baa9fc0ae64dd_101211_192x192_fill_lanczos_center_3.png" } }, "description": "Unlike Biased Competition, Unbiased Competition is resolved internally, i.e., in the absence of external biases. In Ardid et al. PNAS (2019), I identified how dissimilarities in the physiology of competing neural populations determine the direction of the resulting bias according to the characteristics of (unbiased) external inputs. There are three general ways in which Unbiased Competition may occur..." } </script> <title>Unbiased Competition | Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence</title> </head> <body id="top" data-spy="scroll" data-offset="70" data-target="#TableOfContents" class="page-wrapper "> <script src="/js/wowchemy-init.js"></script> <aside class="search-results" id="search"> <div class="container"> <section class="search-header"> <div class="row no-gutters justify-content-between mb-3"> <div class="col-6"> <h1>Search</h1> </div> <div class="col-6 col-search-close"> <a class="js-search" href="#"><i class="fas fa-times-circle text-muted" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> <div id="search-box"> <input name="q" id="search-query" placeholder="Search..." autocapitalize="off" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" spellcheck="false" type="search" class="form-control"> </div> </section> <section class="section-search-results"> <div id="search-hits"> </div> </section> </div> </aside> <div class="page-header"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light compensate-for-scrollbar" id="navbar-main"> <div class="container"> <div class="d-none d-lg-inline-flex"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence</a> </div> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggler" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar-content" aria-controls="navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></span> </button> <div class="navbar-brand-mobile-wrapper d-inline-flex d-lg-none"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence</a> </div> <div class="navbar-collapse main-menu-item collapse justify-content-start" id="navbar-content"> <ul class="navbar-nav d-md-inline-flex"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#wimage"><span>Home</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#description"><span>Description</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#people"><span>Meet the Team</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#projects"><span>Research</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#featured"><span>Publications</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#contact"><span>Contact</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="https://github.com/LofNaDI" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>GitHub site</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> <ul class="nav-icons navbar-nav flex-row ml-auto d-flex pl-md-2"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link js-search" href="#" aria-label="Search"><i class="fas fa-search" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="page-body"> <article class="article article-project"> <div class="article-container pt-3"> <h1>Unbiased Competition</h1> <div class="article-metadata"> <span class="article-date"> Last updated on Nov 8, 2021 </span> </div> <div class="btn-links mb-3"> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary my-1 mr-1" href="https://github.com/LofNaDI/unbiasedCompetition" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fab fa-github mr-1"></i> Code </a> </div> </div> <div class="article-container"> <div class="article-style"> <p>Unlike Biased Competition, Unbiased Competition is resolved internally, i.e., in the absence of external biases. In Ardid et al. PNAS (2019), I identified how dissimilarities in the physiology of competing neural populations determine the direction of the resulting bias according to the characteristics of unbiased external inputs.</p> <p>There are three general ways in which Unbiased Competition may occur:</p> <ol> <li>When one competing neural population shows higher excitability for a given unbalanced input strength → higher mean firing rate.</li> <li>When one competing neural population shows a stronger synchronization with the unbalanced external input → higher instantaneous firing rate.</li> <li>The third possibility is a combination of the previous two. In this case the two competing neural populations can simultaneously show biases at different timescale → one population shows higher mean firing rate, whereas the other population shows higher instantaneous firing rate.</li> </ol> <p>In Ardid et al. PNAS (2019) I realized a model of corticostriatal processing where these three alternatives naturally emerge out of the physiology of D1 and D2 spiny projection neurons (SPNs). However, according to experimental evidence in prefrontal cortex, only the option 2 above is consistent in biasing action selection (D1 SPNs) vs. inhibitory control (D2 SPNs) in the context of rule-based decisions.</p> </div> <div class="article-tags"> <a class="badge badge-light" href="/tag/biased-competition/">biased-competition</a> <a class="badge badge-light" href="/tag/basal-ganglia/">basal-ganglia</a> <a class="badge badge-light" href="/tag/striatum/">striatum</a> <a class="badge badge-light" href="/tag/cortex/">cortex</a> <a class="badge badge-light" href="/tag/cortico-striatal-processing/">cortico-striatal-processing</a> </div> <div class="media author-card content-widget-hr"> <a href="/authors/admin/"><img class="avatar mr-3 avatar-circle" src="/authors/admin/avatar_hu955ce26ac8f8727df313d2b022a0ee4f_170204_270x270_fill_q90_lanczos_center.jpg" alt="Salva Ardid, PhD"></a> <div class="media-body"> <h5 class="card-title"><a href="/authors/admin/">Salva Ardid, PhD</a></h5> <h6 class="card-subtitle">GenT Distinguished Research Group Leader</h6> <p class="card-text">Research at the Interphase of Computational Neuroscience and AI.</p> <ul class="network-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <li> <a href="/#contact" > <i class="fas fa-envelope"></i> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/sard1d" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fab fa-twitter"></i> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://sardid.github.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-globe-americas"></i> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/sardid" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fab fa-github"></i> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://bitbucket.org/sardid" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fab fa-bitbucket"></i> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="project-related-pages content-widget-hr"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="page-footer"> <div class="container"> <footer class="site-footer"> <p class="powered-by"> <a href="/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> · <a 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