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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%AC_%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Παπά Στάουερ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παπά Στάουερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A4%D7%90_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8" title="פפא סטור – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פפא סטור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stauras" title="Papa Stauras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Papa Stauras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1" title="پاپا ستور – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="پاپا ستور" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%88%D8%B1" title="پاپا سٹور – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پاپا سٹور" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0-%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80" title="Папа-Стаур – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Папа-Стаур" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Stour" title="Papa Stour – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Papa Stour" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0-%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80" title="Папа-Стур – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Папа-Стур" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%B5%E7%88%BE" title="帕帕斯朵爾 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="帕帕斯朵爾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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.geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papa_Stour&params=60_20_N_1_42_W_type:isle_region:GB"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">60°20′N</span> <span class="longitude">1°42′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">60.333°N 1.700°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">60.333; -1.700</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Island in the Shetland archipelago</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title">Papa Stour<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><span title="Old Norse-language text"><i lang="non">Papey Stóra<sup id="cite_ref-Anderson,_Joseph_1893_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson,_Joseph_1893-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></span></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Meaning of name</th><td class="infobox-data">Norse for "big island of the <i><a href="/wiki/Papar" title="Papar">papar</a></i> (priests)"</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Location</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:255px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:255px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:255px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shetland_UK_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Papa Stour[1] is located in Shetland"><img alt="Papa Stour[1] is located in Shetland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Shetland_UK_relief_location_map.jpg/330px-Shetland_UK_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="255" height="485" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Shetland_UK_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Shetland_UK_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Shetland_UK_relief_location_map.jpg/960px-Shetland_UK_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1999" data-file-height="3802" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.855%;left:32.414%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Papa Stour[1]"><img alt="Papa Stour[1]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Papa Stour<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Papa Stour shown within Shetland</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" style="white-space: nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papa_Stour&params=60.330019_N_1.695783_W_region:GB_scale:25000&title=Papa+Stour%7F%27%22%60UNIQ--ref-00000004-QINU%60%22%27%7F">HU169607</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Papa_Stour&params=60.33_N_1.68_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">60°20′N</span> <span class="longitude">1°41′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">60.33°N 1.68°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">60.33; -1.68</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Physical geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Island group</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Mainland" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland Mainland">Shetland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">828 hectares (3.20 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Area rank</th><td class="infobox-data">59 <sup id="cite_ref-RankNote_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RankNote-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Highest elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">Virda Field 87 metres (285 ft)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Administration</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">Council area</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shetland" title="Shetland">Shetland Islands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Sovereign state</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Scotland" title="Demographics of Scotland">Demographics</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">15<sup id="cite_ref-NRS_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Population rank</th><td class="infobox-data">66 <sup id="cite_ref-RankNote_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RankNote-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Population density</th><td class="infobox-data">1.8 people/km<sup>2</sup><sup id="cite_ref-NRS_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">Largest settlement</th><td class="infobox-data">Biggings</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Lymphad"><img alt="Lymphad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lymphad3.svg/40px-Lymphad3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lymphad3.svg/60px-Lymphad3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="177" data-file-height="174" /></span></span></th></tr><tr style="font-size:88%"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;">References</th><td class="infobox-data"><sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OS3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OS3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Papa Stour</b> is one of the <a href="/wiki/Shetland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland Islands">Shetland Islands</a> in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, with a population of fifteen people, some of whom <a href="/wiki/Immigration" title="Immigration">immigrated</a> after an appeal for residents in the 1970s. Located to the west of mainland Shetland and with an area of 828 hectares (3.2 square miles), Papa Stour is the ninth largest island in Shetland. <a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">Erosion</a> of the soft volcanic rocks by the sea has created an extraordinary variety of caves, <a href="/wiki/Sea_stack" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea stack">stacks</a>, arches, <a href="/wiki/Blowhole_(geo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blowhole (geo)">blowholes</a>, and cliffs.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The island and its surrounding seas harbour diverse populations of wildlife. The west side of the island is a <a href="/wiki/Site_of_Special_Scientific_Interest" title="Site of Special Scientific Interest">Site of Special Scientific Interest</a> and the seas around the island are a <a href="/wiki/Special_Area_of_Conservation" title="Special Area of Conservation">Special Area of Conservation</a>. </p><p>The island has several <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> burial chamber sites, as well as the remains of <a href="/wiki/Haakon_V" title="Haakon V">Duke Hakon</a>'s 13th-century house dating from the <a href="/wiki/Norsemen" title="Norsemen">Norse</a> occupation of the island. The population reached 380 or more in the 19th century, when a fishing station was opened at Crabbaberry in West Voe. Subsequently, there was a steady decline in population. </p><p>Today the main settlement on the island is <a href="/wiki/Biggings" title="Biggings">Biggings</a>, just to the east of which is Housa Voe from where the <i>Snolda</i> <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> arrives from its base at West Burrafirth on the <a href="/wiki/Shetland_Mainland" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland Mainland">Shetland Mainland</a>. <a href="/wiki/Croft_(land)" title="Croft (land)">Crofting</a>, especially sheep rearing, is the mainstay of island life. </p><p>Numerous shipwrecks have occurred around the coast, and the celebrated poem <i>Da Sang o da Papa Men</i> by <a href="/wiki/Vagaland" title="Vagaland">Vagaland</a> recalls the drama of the days when Papa Stour was a centre for deep-sea fishing. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sandnes_Parish_1878.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Sandnes_Parish_1878.jpg/220px-Sandnes_Parish_1878.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Sandnes_Parish_1878.jpg/330px-Sandnes_Parish_1878.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Sandnes_Parish_1878.jpg/440px-Sandnes_Parish_1878.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1487" data-file-height="1032" /></a><figcaption>1878 Ordnance Survey map of <a href="/wiki/Sandness" title="Sandness">Sandness Parish</a> showing Papa Stour as part of the civil parish</figcaption></figure> <p>Papa Stour is located at the south western end of <a href="/wiki/St_Magnus_Bay" title="St Magnus Bay">St Magnus Bay</a>. 34 kilometres (21 mi) of rugged coastline is indented by numerous small embayments and four larger '<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/voe" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:voe">voes</a>'. Hamna Voe (<a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a>: 'harbour bay') in the south is the most sheltered anchorage and the surrounding cliffs contain a natural rock arch. Housa Voe to the east (<a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a>: 'house bay') is less secluded but is the main harbour for the island and the ferry's embarkation point. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Brei_Holm" title="Brei Holm">Brei Holm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maiden_Stack" title="Maiden Stack">Maiden Stack</a> guard the harbour entrance to the south. The former is a tidal island and was a <a href="/wiki/Leper_colony" title="Leper colony">leper colony</a> until the 18th century (although it has been suggested that many of the "lepers" there were suffering from a <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_deficiency" title="Vitamin deficiency">vitamin deficiency</a> rather than <a href="/wiki/Leprosy" title="Leprosy">leprosy</a>). The latter's name relates to a story from the 14th century. Lord Thorvald Thoresson is said to have constructed the tiny house at its top, whose ruins are still visible, to "preserve" his daughter from men. Unfortunately for his plans, when she left she was found to be pregnant; in another version of the story, she and her fisherman sweetheart successfully eloped. West Voe, the inner part of which is called 'Robies Noust' is the main voe in the north coast, the smaller Culla Voe lying immediately to the west.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PSG_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Visit_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visit-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main settlement on the island today is Biggings, which overlooks Housa Voe and is surrounded by in-bye land to the east of the hill dyke (which runs south from West Voe). To the west the island is bisected by a belt of glacial <a href="/wiki/Moraine" title="Moraine">moraine</a> about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) in length. Much of the rest of the area consists of a shallow stony soil that may be derived from glacial till. There is an almost complete absence of peat on the island and due to the volcanic rocks the soils are relatively fertile. The lack of peat led to 'turf scalping' for fuel and the bare areas of rock in the interior.<sup id="cite_ref-PSG_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The highest point on the island is in the north west at Virda Field, which rises to 87 metres (285 feet). <i>Virda</i> is possibly from the Old Norse for 'heap of stones'.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_outliers">List of outliers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: List of outliers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Galti_Stacks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Galti_Stacks.jpg/250px-Galti_Stacks.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Galti_Stacks.jpg/330px-Galti_Stacks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Galti_Stacks.jpg/500px-Galti_Stacks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="377" /></a><figcaption>Galti Stacks on the west coast with Fogla Skerry (Old Norse: 'bird skerry') in the background</figcaption></figure> <p>In addition to the larger islets mentioned above there are various other isles and <a href="/wiki/Skerry" title="Skerry">skerries</a> around the coast of Papa Stour. They include: Aesha Stack, Boinna Skerry, Borse Skerry, Fogla Skerry, Forewick Holm, Galti Stacks, <a href="/wiki/Holm_of_Melby" title="Holm of Melby">Holm of Melby</a>, Koda Skerry, Lyra Skerry, Skerries of Quidaness, Skerry of Lambaness, Sula Stack, Swat Skerry, The Horn, Tiptans Skerry and Wilma Skerry. The <a href="/wiki/Ve_Skerries" title="Ve Skerries">Ve Skerries</a> lie 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the north west. They include: Helliogoblo, North Skerry, Ormal, Reaverack and The Clubb. In between Papa Stour and Ve Skerries lies the shallow bank of Papa-rof.<sup id="cite_ref-OS3_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OS3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Papar_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Papar-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 June 2008, <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Hill_(sailor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stuart Hill (sailor)">Stuart Hill</a> (AKA Captain Calamity) made a claim to the 1 hectare (2.5 acres) island of <a href="/wiki/Forewick_Holm" title="Forewick Holm">Forewick Holm</a> (which he calls "Forvik Island"). On the basis of a marriage arrangement between King Christian of <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> and King <a href="/wiki/James_III_of_Scotland" title="James III of Scotland">James III of Scotland</a> that dates to 1468, Hill argued that the island should be considered a British <a href="/wiki/Crown_dependency" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown dependency">crown dependency</a>, and thus not a part of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> or of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>. This claim was not recognised by the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The island is composed of a variety of <a href="/wiki/Volcanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcanic">volcanic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sedimentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedimentary">sedimentary</a> rock formations from the <a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">Devonian</a> period. At that time the Scottish landmass formed part of the <a href="/wiki/Euramerica" class="mw-redirect" title="Euramerica">Old Red Sandstone Continent</a> and lay some <a href="/wiki/10th_parallel_south" title="10th parallel south">10</a>–<a href="/wiki/25th_parallel_south" title="25th parallel south">25 degrees south</a> of the equator. The accumulations of <a href="/wiki/Old_Red_Sandstone" title="Old Red Sandstone">Old Red Sandstone</a>, laid down from 408 to 370 million years ago, were created as earlier <a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">Silurian</a> rocks, uplifted by the formation of <a href="/wiki/Pangaea" title="Pangaea">Pangaea</a>, eroded and then were deposited into river deltas. The freshwater <a href="/wiki/Orcadian_Basin" title="Orcadian Basin">Lake Orcadie</a> existed on the edges of the eroding mountains, stretching from Shetland to the southern Moray Firth. The structure of Papa Stour is largely made up of ashes and lavas from volcanic activity associated with this period, including bands of solidified volcanic ash and lava (<a href="/wiki/Rhyolite" title="Rhyolite">rhyolite</a>), but there is also a Devonian fish bed at Lamba Banks. There are numerous large boulders deposited by <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> <a href="/wiki/Glaciation" class="mw-redirect" title="Glaciation">glaciation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PSG_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Visit_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visit-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aesha_Head,_Papa_Stour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Aesha_Head%2C_Papa_Stour.jpg/220px-Aesha_Head%2C_Papa_Stour.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Aesha_Head%2C_Papa_Stour.jpg/330px-Aesha_Head%2C_Papa_Stour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Aesha_Head%2C_Papa_Stour.jpg/440px-Aesha_Head%2C_Papa_Stour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="471" /></a><figcaption>Aesha Head in the west</figcaption></figure> <p>Erosion of the soft volcanic rocks by the sea has created an extraordinary variety of caves, stacks, arches, blowholes, cliffs, voes and <a href="/wiki/Geo_(landscape)" class="mw-redirect" title="Geo (landscape)">geos</a> that are among the finest in Britain. The 'Hol o' Bordie' is a cave that passes right through the north-west tip of the island. It is 300 metres (980 ft) long and wide enough to row through. Kirstan (or Christie's) Hole in the south west is another spectacular cave, part of the roof of which collapsed in 1981. Yet another is 'Francie's Hole' close to Hamna Voe in the west. This was the favourite of John Tudor who wrote of the island in his <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian</a> memoirs and described the cave as: </p> <blockquote><p><i>...in fairyland, so exquisite is the colouring of the roof and sides and so pellucid is the water... [with] alcoves or recesses like stalls in a church.</i></p></blockquote> <p>In 1953 the spectacular headland, 'Da Horn o Papa' fell into the sea during a storm. The nearby islet of <a href="/wiki/Brei_Holm" title="Brei Holm">Brei Holm</a> also has caves that can be accessed by small boats when conditions permit.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PSG_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skua.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Skua.jpg/250px-Skua.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Skua.jpg/330px-Skua.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Skua.jpg/500px-Skua.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Great_skua" title="Great skua">bonxie</a> or great skua, (<i>Stercorarius skua</i>) in flight</figcaption></figure> <p>There is a profusion of wild flowers, including <a href="/wiki/Mountain_everlasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain everlasting">mountain everlasting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spring_squill" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring squill">spring squill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eyebright" class="mw-redirect" title="Eyebright">eyebright</a> as well as the ubiquitous <a href="/wiki/Calluna" title="Calluna">heather</a>. The west side of the island is a <a href="/wiki/Site_of_Special_Scientific_Interest" title="Site of Special Scientific Interest">Site of Special Scientific Interest</a> and the seas around Papa Stour are a <a href="/wiki/Special_Area_of_Conservation" title="Special Area of Conservation">Special Area of Conservation</a>. The traditional <a href="/wiki/Shetland_Pony" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland Pony">Shetland Pony</a> is still bred.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/European_otter" class="mw-redirect" title="European otter">Otters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grey_seal" title="Grey seal">grey seals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Killer_whale" class="mw-redirect" title="Killer whale">killer whales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harbour_porpoise" title="Harbour porpoise">harbour porpoises</a> are frequently seen on and around Papa Stour. <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_puffin" title="Atlantic puffin">Atlantic puffin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arctic_tern" title="Arctic tern">Arctic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Common_tern" title="Common tern">common tern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_skua" title="Great skua">bonxie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arctic_skua" class="mw-redirect" title="Arctic skua">Arctic skua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_fulmar" title="Northern fulmar">northern fulmar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_guillemot" class="mw-redirect" title="Common guillemot">common guillemot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Razorbill" title="Razorbill">razorbill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_curlew" title="Eurasian curlew">curlew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_wheatear" title="Northern wheatear">wheatear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ringed_plover" class="mw-redirect" title="Ringed plover">ringed plover</a> and <a href="/wiki/Great_black-backed_gull" title="Great black-backed gull">great black-backed gull</a> all breed on the island, and numerous migratory species have been recorded. The northern and western parts of the island have been designated an <a href="/wiki/Important_Bird_Area" title="Important Bird Area">Important Bird Area</a> (IBA) by <a href="/wiki/BirdLife_International" title="BirdLife International">BirdLife International</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bli_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bli-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_archaeology">History and archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History and archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Human settlement of the island dates from circa 3000 BC and there are remains of several <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> burial chambers known as 'heel-shaped cairns'.<sup id="cite_ref-Exp1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Exp1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Little is known of the pre-Celtic and Celtic eras, but when the Norse arrived it is likely they found a religious settlement as the name of the island derives from <i>Papey Stóra</i> meaning "Big island of the <a href="/wiki/Papar" title="Papar">Papar</a>" (Celtic monks), in distinction to <a href="/wiki/Papa_Little" title="Papa Little">Papa Little</a> some 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the west.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Norse_period">Norse period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Norse period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Papa Stour is the subject of a 1299 manuscript written in <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a>, which is the oldest surviving document from Shetland.<sup id="cite_ref-Anderson,_Joseph_1893_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson,_Joseph_1893-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It deals with a dramatic incident in the house of Duke Hakon Magnusson, who was later to become King <a href="/wiki/Hakon_V_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakon V of Norway">Hakon V of Norway</a>. There is a circle of stones near the beach at Housa Voe, which are the remains of a 'ting', or local assembly. This was the scene of a duel, fought and won by Lord Thorvald Thoresson, who was accused of corruption in the 1299 document and was later called 'dominus de Papay'. (The story of his unfortunate daughter is referred to above.) The remains of Duke Hakon's 13th-century house are still visible near Housa Voe.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Visit_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visit-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Papar_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Papar-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scots_rule_and_fishing">Scots rule and fishing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Scots rule and fishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papa_Stour_Meal_Mills_(Anne_Burgess).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Papa_Stour_Meal_Mills_%28Anne_Burgess%29.jpg/220px-Papa_Stour_Meal_Mills_%28Anne_Burgess%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Papa_Stour_Meal_Mills_%28Anne_Burgess%29.jpg/330px-Papa_Stour_Meal_Mills_%28Anne_Burgess%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Papa_Stour_Meal_Mills_%28Anne_Burgess%29.jpg/440px-Papa_Stour_Meal_Mills_%28Anne_Burgess%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="637" data-file-height="435" /></a><figcaption>Water mills near Dutch Loch</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1469 Shetland came under nominal Scottish control, although the Norse 'Lairds of Norway' kept their Papa Stour estates until the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Visit_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visit-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 16th century merchants from <a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> were operating a summer trading booth to buy fish from the local fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 18th century, two Scottish lairds, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gifford" title="Thomas Gifford">Thomas Gifford</a> of <a href="/wiki/Busta_Voe" title="Busta Voe">Busta</a>, and Arthur Nicolson of <a href="/wiki/Lerwick" title="Lerwick">Lerwick</a>, owned the island. They maintained a prosperous <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haaf_Fishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haaf Fishing (page does not exist)">Haaf</a> (Old Norse: 'deep sea') fishing industry, undertaken in the summer months using six-oared boats known as <a href="/wiki/Sixareen" title="Sixareen">sixareens</a>. </p><p>In addition to the leper colony on Brei Holm there may have been another at Hilla Fielle<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> overlooking Hamna Voe. A recent archaeological survey was inconclusive but suggests the site may be much older than the supposed 18th-century colony.<sup id="cite_ref-Visit_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visit-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Papar_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Papar-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The island church, which overlooks Kirk Sand in the bay of Fore Wick, was founded in 1806.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 300 metres (980 ft) from the present church there may be an older chapel site of Sneeans or Snøyans on the headland between the west end of Kirk Sand and the bay of Tusselby. It is called the 'ald kirk' by locals and referred to by the Ordnance Survey as "the site of a Romish chapel belonging to about the twelfth century". There is a tradition that the work there was interfered with by supernatural powers and that each day's work on the building was destroyed during the night. Eventually the cornerstones were moved overnight by these unearthly agencies to the present site of the church and work was re-commenced there successfully. Excavations in 2004 found little besides large blocks of rhyolite and a piece of whalebone rib, suggesting that the oral tradition may have some truth to it.<sup id="cite_ref-Papar_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Papar-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 19th century the Crabbaberry fishing station in West Voe was opened and the island had a population of 360 people or more. However, fuel shortages and a decline in fishing due to the introduction of steam drifters saw a fall in population from the 1870s on.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this time another duel entered the history of Papa Stour. Edwin Lindsay, an Indian army officer and the son of the <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lindsay,_6th_Earl_of_Balcarres" title="Alexander Lindsay, 6th Earl of Balcarres">6th Earl of Balcarres</a>, was declared insane and sent to the island in disgrace after refusing to fight in one. He spent 26 years as a prisoner before the <a href="/wiki/Quaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker">Quaker</a> preacher Catherine Watson arranged for his release in 1835. Lindsay's Well is a spring at the south of the island where he was allowed to bathe.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Trad_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trad-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are good examples of horizontal water mills, also known as Norse or Clack Mills, around Dutch Loch.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally these were two-storey buildings with turf roofs, built into banks to give access to the upper floor where the millstone was sited. Inside the building there was a fixed lower millstone, and a rotating upper millstone driven by the water falling onto the paddles below. Some were still in use on Papa Stour in the early years of the 20th century, and there is still a working example of one of these mills on the Burn of Clumlie, at Troswick in the south Mainland of Shetland.<sup id="cite_ref-Exp1_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Exp1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_and_21st_centuries">20th and 21st centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 20th and 21st centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shetland_ponies_ca_1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Shetland_ponies_ca_1900.jpg/220px-Shetland_ponies_ca_1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Shetland_ponies_ca_1900.jpg/330px-Shetland_ponies_ca_1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Shetland_ponies_ca_1900.jpg/440px-Shetland_ponies_ca_1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1524" data-file-height="1227" /></a><figcaption>Shetland women and ponies circa 1900</figcaption></figure> <p>In common with many small Scottish islands, Papa Stour's population peaked in the 19th century and has experienced a significant decline since then (see e.g. <a href="/wiki/Mingulay" title="Mingulay">Mingulay</a>). By 1970 the island school had closed and the population had declined to sixteen 'fairly elderly' residents, but an advertisement in <i>Exchange and Mart</i> reversed the decline. A croft and five sheep were offered free of charge to incomers which brought a flood of applicants. By 1981 the census recorded a population of 33.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, by 2005 the population had fallen to 20 after serious discord between islanders led to several court cases. A number of people left the island and the school closed.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By early 2008 the population had dropped to just nine after a family of seven left.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2011 census recorded a usually resident population of 15<sup id="cite_ref-NRS_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – during the decade 2001–2011 <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Scottish islands">Scottish island</a> populations as a whole grew by 4% to 103,702.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Overview of population trends</b> </p> <div style="float:left; width:48%;"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><i><b>Year</b></i> </td> <td><i><b>Population</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1841 </td> <td>382 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1871 </td> <td>351 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1881 </td> <td>254 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1891 </td> <td>244 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1931 </td> <td>100 </td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="float:centre; width:48%;"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><i><b>Year</b></i> </td> <td><i><b>Population</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961 </td> <td>55 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td>33 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td>33 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td>23 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td>15 </td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shipwrecks">Shipwrecks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Shipwrecks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The coasts around Papa Stour have claimed numerous wrecks. In Hamnavoe, Tiptans Skerry alone has sunk Dutch, French, German and Norwegian ships. </p><p>The Aberdeen trawler <i>Ben Doran</i> A178, foundered on the <a href="/wiki/Ve_Skerries" title="Ve Skerries">Ve Skerries</a> 3 miles northwest of Papa Stour, on the evening of 28 March 1930 while on her way to the village of <a href="/wiki/Scalloway" title="Scalloway">Scalloway</a> to land her catch. When she grounded weather conditions were fairly good but it was not until the following day that a passing trawler saw, and reported the wreck. By the time that various rescue attempts were launched by the coastguard and local volunteers (there being no lifeboat in Shetland at that time), weather conditions had deteriorated to the point where it was impossible to approach the skerries. A request had been made for the <a href="/wiki/Stromness" title="Stromness">Stromness</a> lifeboat from <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a>, only 120 miles away, to launch, but the request was made too late to be of help. All 9 crew perished in the wreck. Only 3 bodies were recovered, that of James Mitchell, which was returned to Aberdeen, and the bodies of J. Cormack and J.R. Insh, which were buried in Scalloway.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The cargo ship SS <i>Highcliffe</i> ran aground in fog on Forewick Holm in February 1940. On this occasion the conditions were clement and only the ship and cargo were lost. In 1967 the Aberdeen trawler <i>Juniper</i> ran aground in Lyra Sound at the bottom of the 60 metres (200 feet) cliffs. The 12-man crew were rescued by the <a href="/wiki/Aith" title="Aith">Aith</a> lifeboat, the coxswain being awarded the <a href="/wiki/Awards_of_the_Royal_National_Lifeboat_Institution#Medal_of_the_RNLI" title="Awards of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution">RNLI silver medal</a> for this rescue.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another shipwreck occurred on 9 December 1977 when the Aberdeen trawler <i>Elinor Viking</i> A278, skipper Alec Flett, foundered on the Ve Skerries. The Aith Lifeboat came to the scene but was unable to get near enough to rescue the crew because of the sea conditions. At the request of Alec Webster, Coastguard Station Officer, Lerwick, a volunteer crew in a <a href="/wiki/British_Airways" title="British Airways">British Airways</a> <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_Aircraft" title="Sikorsky Aircraft">Sikorsky</a> S61N helicopter from <a href="/wiki/Sumburgh_Airport" title="Sumburgh Airport">Sumburgh Airport</a> was scrambled. They managed to winch all the boat's crew to safety within hours of the grounding, despite the storm force winds. The helicopter crew later received a number of awards for bravery. There was no loss of life, but this incident prompted the building of a lighthouse on the skerries in 1979, and may also have been the example required for the formation of the present Search and Rescue helicopter unit, based at <a href="/wiki/Sumburgh_Airport" title="Sumburgh Airport">Sumburgh Airport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy_and_transport">Economy and transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Economy and transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papa_Stour_pier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Papa_Stour_pier.jpg/220px-Papa_Stour_pier.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Papa_Stour_pier.jpg/330px-Papa_Stour_pier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Papa_Stour_pier.jpg/440px-Papa_Stour_pier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="365" /></a><figcaption>Papa Stour pier and ferry</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Crofting" title="Crofting">Crofting</a> is the mainstay of island life. Sheep form the backbone of the agricultural economy but a diversity livestock are kept, including cattle, pigs, goats, chickens, ducks and geese. Vegetable are grown too, often in the shelter of circular walls, such plots being known as 'planti crubs' – these were originally used to propagate kale (cabbage) seedlings and were built well away from other buildings where they would be safe from mice. The seedlings would then be transplanted to kaleyards (gardens) near the houses. Fishing is still conducted but on a relatively small scale. There is a post office at the pier, but no shop. Mains electricity only came to the island at the close of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Papa Stour Project is a Christian supported housing service offering accommodation to men with drug and alcohol issues.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ferries now sail across the Sound of Papa to <a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Burrafirth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Burrafirth (page does not exist)">West Burrafirth</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Shetland_Mainland" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland Mainland">Shetland Mainland</a>. The crossing takes 45 minutes, and although the <i>Snolda</i> carries cars, there is only one short road on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-Visit_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visit-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For visiting yachts the four main voes provide good shelter, but the strong tides in both the Sound of Papa and to the north west require considerable care.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airstrip">Airstrip</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Airstrip"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Papa_Stour_Airstrip" title="Papa Stour Airstrip">Papa Stour Airstrip</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_the_arts">Culture and the arts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Culture and the arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Sword_Dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland Sword Dance">The Papa Stour sword dance</a> may be of Norse origin and bears similarities to the long sword dance of the north east of England. A description of the dance appears in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pirate_(novel)" title="The Pirate (novel)">The Pirate</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Sir_Walter_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Walter Scott">Sir Walter Scott</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Trad_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trad-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The writer and journalist <a href="/wiki/John_Sands_(journalist)" title="John Sands (journalist)">John Sands</a> lived on Papa Stour and <a href="/wiki/Foula" title="Foula">Foula</a> for a while during the late 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The writer, folklorist and musician, George P. S. Peterson was brought up on Papa Stour.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is also the 'Papa' of <a href="/wiki/Vagaland" title="Vagaland">Vagaland</a>'s poem <i>Da Sang o da Papa men</i>, now adopted as part of the folksong tradition, as set to music by T.M.Y. Manson. The insistent chorus chant, 'Rowin Foula Doon!', is particularly striking. </p> <dl><dd>"Oot bewast da Horn o Papa,</dd> <dd>Rowin Foula doon!</dd> <dd>Owir a hidden piece o water,</dd> <dd>Rowin Foula doon!</dd> <dd>Roond da boat da tide-lumps makkin,</dd> <dd>Sunlicht trowe da cloods is brakkin;</dd> <dd>We maan geng whaar fish is takkin,</dd> <dd>Rowin Foula doon!"<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>"Rowin Foula doon!" refers to the fishermens' practice of rowing their open fishing boat out to sea until the high cliffs of <a href="/wiki/Foula" title="Foula">Foula</a> were no longer visible. This entailed the boat being some 96 kilometres (60 mi) west of Papa Stour. The 'tide-lumps' are increased swells of unusual size due to the combined action of wind against tide.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resonant final image of the piece is of the fishermen being led back home to Papa by the 'scent o flooers' across the water. This is an example of Vagaland's ability to create a vivid sensual impression of a situation. An extra layer of meaning is added by the knowledge that Da Horn o Papa collapsed in a storm around the time of this poem's composition, so that it is a tribute not just to a lost way of life, but a noted geographical feature.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/ScottishIsles.jpg/20px-ScottishIsles.jpg" decoding="async" width="18" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/ScottishIsles.jpg/40px-ScottishIsles.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="63" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Scottish_islands" title="Portal:Scottish islands">Scottish islands portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Scotland" title="List of islands of Scotland">List of islands of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shetland_islands" title="List of Shetland islands">List of Shetland islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Chiesley,_Lady_Grange" title="Rachel Chiesley, Lady Grange">Rachel Chiesley, Lady Grange</a> who was held captive on <a href="/wiki/St_Kilda,_Scotland" title="St Kilda, Scotland">St Kilda</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papa,_Scotland" title="Papa, Scotland">Papa, Scotland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d3lmsxlb5aor5x.cloudfront.net/library/document/Map_of_Scotland_in_Scots-Guide_and_gazetteer.pdf">"Map of Scotland in Scots – Guide and gazetteer"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Map+of+Scotland+in+Scots+%E2%80%93+Guide+and+gazetteer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd3lmsxlb5aor5x.cloudfront.net%2Flibrary%2Fdocument%2FMap_of_Scotland_in_Scots-Guide_and_gazetteer.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anderson,_Joseph_1893-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anderson,_Joseph_1893_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anderson,_Joseph_1893_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Anderson, Joseph (ed.) (1873) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orkneyingasaga00goudgoog"><i>The Orkneyinga Saga</i></a>. Translated by Jón A. Hjaltalin & Gilbert Goudie. Edinburgh. Edmonston and Douglas. The Internet Archive. Retrieved 26 August 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RankNote-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RankNote_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RankNote_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Area and population ranks: there are <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 300</span> islands over 20 ha in extent and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Scottish_Islands/Populated_Islands#Inhabited_islands" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Scottish Islands/Populated Islands">93 permanently inhabited islands</a> were listed in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_census,_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom census, 2011">2011 census</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NRS-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NRS_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNational_Records_of_Scotland2013" class="citation report cs1"><a href="/wiki/National_Records_of_Scotland" title="National Records of Scotland">National Records of Scotland</a> (15 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release1c/rel1c2sb.pdf">"Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland's Inhabited Islands"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/en/censusresults/bulletin.html">Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland Release 1C (Part Two)</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). SG/2013/126<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Statistical+Bulletin%3A+2011+Census%3A+First+Results+on+Population+and+Household+Estimates+for+Scotland+Release+1C+%28Part+Two%29&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.au=National+Records+of+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fcensusresults%2Frelease1c%2Frel1c2sb.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_5-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaswell-Smith2004" class="citation book cs1">Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bXFwKl5gVqwC"><i>The Scottish Islands</i></a>. Edinburgh: Canongate. pp. <span class="nowrap">449–</span>452. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84195-454-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84195-454-7"><bdi>978-1-84195-454-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Scottish+Islands&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E449-%3C%2Fspan%3E452&rft.pub=Canongate&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-84195-454-7&rft.aulast=Haswell-Smith&rft.aufirst=Hamish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbXFwKl5gVqwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OS3-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OS3_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OS3_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation map cs1"><i>Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 3 </i>Shetland (North Mainland)<i><span></span></i> (Map). Ordnance Survey. 2009. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780319228098" title="Special:BookSources/9780319228098"><bdi>9780319228098</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ordnance+Survey%3A+Landranger+map+sheet+3+Shetland+%28North+Mainland%29&rft.pub=Ordnance+Survey&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780319228098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PSG-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PSG_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSG_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSG_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSG_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKevin_King" class="citation web cs1">Kevin King. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070908110220/http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/geology.html">"Papa Stour Geology"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/geology.html">the original</a> on 8 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papa+Stour+Geology&rft.au=Kevin+King&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.users.zetnet.co.uk%2Fpapa-stour%2Fgeology.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Visit-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Visit_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Visit_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Visit_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Visit_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Visit_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Visit_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130106013928/http://www.visitshetland.com/area-guides/papa-stour/">"Papa Stour"</a>. Visit Shetland. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitshetland.com/area-guides/papa-stour/">the original</a> on 6 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papa+Stour&rft.pub=Visit+Shetland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitshetland.com%2Farea-guides%2Fpapa-stour%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spence, David (1979) <i>Shetland's Living Landscape; A study in Island Plant Ecology</i>. The Thule Press. Shetland</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/freefun/didyouknow/placenames/scandinavianglossary.html">"Glossary of Scandinavian origins of place names in Britain"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128162708/http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/freefun/didyouknow/placenames/scandinavianglossary.html">Archived</a> 28 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 15 September 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Papar-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Papar_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Papar_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Papar_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Papar_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Crawford, Barbara E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rcahms.gov.uk/papar/shetland1.html">"Shetland: S1. Papa Stour, Sandness centred HU 169 607"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081120054709/http://www.rcahms.gov.uk/papar/shetland1.html">Archived</a> 20 November 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> The Papar Project. Retrieved 15 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKhan2008" class="citation web cs1">Khan, Urmee (19 June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/2157245/Captain-Calamity-to-create-new-state-in-Shetland-islands.html">"Captain Calamity to create new state in Shetland islands"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Captain+Calamity+to+create+new+state+in+Shetland+islands&rft.date=2008-06-19&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Urmee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F2157245%2FCaptain-Calamity-to-create-new-state-in-Shetland-islands.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20080621/od_uk_nm/oukoe_uk_britain_island_independence">"Tiny Shetland island declares independence"</a> news.yahoo.com. Retrieved 22 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scottishgeology.com/geology/geological_time_scale/timeline/devonian.htm">"The Devonian Period"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20061023161525/http://www.scottishgeology.com/geology/geological_time_scale/timeline/devonian.htm">Archived</a> 23 October 2006 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> Scottishgeology.com Retrieved 15 August 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gillen, Con (2003) <i>Geology and landscapes of Scotland</i>. Harpenden. Terra Publishing. Pages 110–119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tudor, J.R. (1883) <i>The Orkneys and Shetland</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conradweb.co.uk/Papa_Stour_magazine_31_03_2006.pdf">"Papa Stour-the place"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5llfg7ncs?url=http://www.conradweb.co.uk/Papa_Stour_magazine_31_03_2006.pdf">Archived</a> 4 December 2009 at <a href="/wiki/WebCite" title="WebCite">WebCite</a> (pdf) Papa Stour magazine, Retrieved 14 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKevin_King" class="citation web cs1">Kevin King. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080215084148/http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/nature.html">"Papa Stour – Natural History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/nature.html">the original</a> on 15 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papa+Stour+%E2%80%93+Natural+History&rft.au=Kevin+King&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.users.zetnet.co.uk%2Fpapa-stour%2Fnature.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bli-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bli_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/2569">"Papa Stour"</a>. <i>BirdLife Data Zone</i>. BirdLife International. 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BirdLife+Data+Zone&rft.atitle=Papa+Stour&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatazone.birdlife.org%2Fsite%2Ffactsheet%2F2569&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Exp1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Exp1_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Exp1_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shetland-heritage.co.uk/brochures/area_pages/papa_stour/exploring_part_1.htm">"Exploring Part 1"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101021013620/http://www.shetland-heritage.co.uk/brochures/area_pages/papa_stour/exploring_part_1.htm">Archived</a> 21 October 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Shetland-heritage.co.uk. Retrieved 13 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crawford, Barbara E. (ed) (2002) <i>Papa Stour and 1299: Commemorating the 700th Anniversary of Shetland's First Document</i>. The Shetland Times. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-898852-83-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-898852-83-9">1-898852-83-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is the name provided by Visit Shetland. The Ordnance Survey call it 'Hill of Feilie' and the Papar Project, 'Hill of Feelie'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=43488">"Walls and Sandness"</a> British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 15 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKevin_King" class="citation web cs1">Kevin King. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184900/http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/history.html">"Papa Stour – History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/history.html">the original</a> on 30 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papa+Stour+%E2%80%93+History&rft.au=Kevin+King&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.users.zetnet.co.uk%2Fpapa-stour%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trad-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Trad_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Trad_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKevin_King" class="citation web cs1">Kevin King. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080214181748/http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/traditn.html">"Papa Stour – Tradition"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/traditn.html">the original</a> on 14 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papa+Stour+%E2%80%93+Tradition&rft.au=Kevin+King&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.users.zetnet.co.uk%2Fpapa-stour%2Ftraditn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The name <i>Dutch Loch</i> suggests a connection with German traders. <i>Dutch</i> is probably a corruption of <i>Deutch</i> or <i>Duitsch</i> as Dutch traders were generally referred to as <i>Hollanders</i> in Shetland. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shetlopedia.com/Hanseatic_Places">"Hanseatic_Places"</a> shetlopedia.com. Retrieved 25 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rcahms.gov.uk/highlightacp1.html">"The Architecture Catalogue Project: Troswick Clack Mill"</a> The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Retrieved 23 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLorna_Martin2005" class="citation news cs1">Lorna Martin (18 September 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://observer.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,6903,1572674,00.html">"Papa Stour: pop. 20 and falling, as feuds tear island families apart"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=Papa+Stour%3A+pop.+20+and+falling%2C+as+feuds+tear+island+families+apart&rft.date=2005-09-18&rft.au=Lorna+Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fobserver.guardian.co.uk%2Fuk_news%2Fstory%2F0%2C6903%2C1572674%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Urquhart, Frank (28 February 2008) "Death of an island: Aftermath of feuds leaves community with just nine residents". Edinburgh. <i>The Scotsman</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-23711202">"Scotland's 2011 census: Island living on the rise"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved 18 August 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Details from "The Other Trawler", a BBC Radio Scotland production, broadcast on BBC Radio Shetland, 1978.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKevin_King" class="citation web cs1">Kevin King. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080215084203/http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/wrecks.html">"Papa Stour – Shipwrecks"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/wrecks.html">the original</a> on 15 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papa+Stour+%E2%80%93+Shipwrecks&rft.au=Kevin+King&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.users.zetnet.co.uk%2Fpapa-stour%2Fwrecks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shetland-heritage.co.uk/brochures/area_pages/papa_stour/exploring_part_2.htm">"Exploring Part 2"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101021013753/http://www.shetland-heritage.co.uk/brochures/area_pages/papa_stour/exploring_part_2.htm">Archived</a> 21 October 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Shetland-heritage.co.uk. Retrieved 13 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shetlopedia.com/Elinor_Viking">"Elinor Viking"</a> Shetlopedia. Retrieved 13 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trawlerphotos.co.uk/gallery/showphoto.php/photo/2689/cat/500/ppuser/105">"Elinor Viking"</a> Trawlerphotos.co.uk. Retrieved 22 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKevin_King" class="citation web cs1">Kevin King. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080215084137/http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/lifestyl.html">"Papa Stour – Lifestyle"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/lifestyl.html">the original</a> on 15 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papa+Stour+%E2%80%93+Lifestyle&rft.au=Kevin+King&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.users.zetnet.co.uk%2Fpapa-stour%2Flifestyl.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.papastour.org/">"Welcome to Papa Stour Project"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150205132058/http://www.papastour.org/">Archived</a> 5 February 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Papa Stour Project. Retrieved 13 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.folkplay.info/Texts/78hu16sw.htm">Scott's Papa Stour Sword Dance – 1788"</a> folkplay.info. Retrieved 7 October 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fleming, Andrew (2005) <i>St Kilda and the Wider World: Tales of an iconic island</i>. Macclesfield. Windgather Press. Page 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redwebforum.com/isles/papa%20stour/Home.htm">"Papa Stour"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120208085330/http://www.redwebforum.com/isles/papa%20stour/Home.htm">Archived</a> 8 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Lonely Isles.com. Retrieved 7 October 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is a 'translation' for those unfamiliar with the Shetland dialect. "Out west of the Horn of Papa, Rowing Foula down!<br /> Over a hidden piece of water, Rowing Foula down!<br /> Round the boat the tide-lumps are growing,<br /> Sunlight through the clouds is breaking;<br /> We must go where fish are taking bait, Rowing Foula down!"<br /> Fleming, Richard <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conradweb.co.uk/Papa_Stour_magazine_31_03_2006.pdf">"Da Song o’ da Papa Men including a translation"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5llfg7ncs?url=http://www.conradweb.co.uk/Papa_Stour_magazine_31_03_2006.pdf">Archived</a> 4 December 2009 at <a href="/wiki/WebCite" title="WebCite">WebCite</a> (pdf) Papa Stour magazine, Retrieved 13 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conradweb.co.uk/Papa_Stour_magazine_31_03_2006.pdf">"Rowin Foula doon"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5llfg7ncs?url=http://www.conradweb.co.uk/Papa_Stour_magazine_31_03_2006.pdf">Archived</a> 4 December 2009 at <a href="/wiki/WebCite" title="WebCite">WebCite</a> (pdf) Papa Stour magazine, Retrieved 13 September 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vagaland (edited by M. Robertson) (1975) <i>The Collected Poems of Vagaland</i>. Lerwick. <a href="/wiki/The_Shetland_Times" title="The Shetland Times">The Shetland Times</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shetlopedia.com/Papa_Stour">"Papa Stour"</a> Shetlopedia. Retrieved 13 September 2007.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><i>This article incorporates text from <span class="plainlinks">the article <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shetlopedia.com/Papa_Stour">Papa_Stour</a> on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shetlopedia.com">Shetlopedia</a>, which was licensed under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GNU Free Documentation Licence</a> until September 14, 2007.</span></i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCrawford,_Barbara_E.,_Beverley_Ballin_Smith,_Norske_videnskaps-akademi,_and_Society_of_Antiquaries1999" class="citation book cs1">Crawford, Barbara E., Beverley Ballin Smith, Norske videnskaps-akademi, and Society of Antiquaries (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JvNr3lmmmHgC"><i>The Biggings, Papa Stour, Shetland: the history and excavation of a royal Norwegian farm</i></a>. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-903903-15-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-903903-15-6"><bdi>0-903903-15-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Biggings%2C+Papa+Stour%2C+Shetland%3A+the+history+and+excavation+of+a+royal+Norwegian+farm&rft.pub=Society+of+Antiquaries+of+Scotland&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-903903-15-6&rft.au=Crawford%2C+Barbara+E.%2C+Beverley+Ballin+Smith%2C+Norske+videnskaps-akademi%2C+and+Society+of+Antiquaries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJvNr3lmmmHgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APapa+Stour" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li> <li>Johnston, Alfred Wintle (1912) <i>The Sword Dance, Papa Stour, Shetland, and Four Shetland Airs.</i> The Viking Club Society for Northern Research.</li> <li><i>Monumental Inscriptions: Parish of Sandness (Including Island of Papa Stour)</i>. (2002) Monumental inscriptions Bk. 24. Shetland Family History Society. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-903439-18-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-903439-18-3">1-903439-18-3</a></li> <li>Peterson, George (1965) <i>Hairst Blinks Ower Papa</i>. Shetland Times. A book of verse.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papa_Stour&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120207142358/http://www.orcadian.co.uk/books/reviews/papastour.htm">Review of book on the 1299 manuscript</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160109195056/http://conrad-burt.me.uk/">Photos and Information on Papa Stour as gathered by Conrad</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184900/http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/papa-stour/history.html">Papa Stour – History and detailed map</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130106013928/http://www.visitshetland.com/area-guides/papa-stour/">Papa Stour – Area Guide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rcahms.gov.uk/papar/shetland1.html">Papa Stour, The Papar Project</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081120054709/http://www.rcahms.gov.uk/papar/shetland1.html">Archived</a> 20 November 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150205132334/http://photos.shetland-museum.org.uk/">Shetland Museum</a>. The archives include images of Da Horn o Papa before its collapse.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110202014536/http://shetlanddiary.com/">A web diary</a> about life on Papa Stour today</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Shetland" title="Template:Shetland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shetland" title="Template talk:Shetland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Shetland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shetland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shetland283" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shetland" title="Shetland">Shetland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inhabited islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mainland,_Shetland" title="Mainland, Shetland">Mainland</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bressay" title="Bressay">Bressay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burra,_Shetland" title="Burra, Shetland">Burra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Burra" title="East Burra">East Burra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Burra" title="West Burra">West Burra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Isle" title="Fair Isle">Fair Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetlar" title="Fetlar">Fetlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foula" title="Foula">Foula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muckle_Roe" title="Muckle Roe">Muckle Roe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Isles" title="North Isles">North Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_Skerries" title="Out Skerries">Out Skerries</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Papa Stour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trondra" title="Trondra">Trondra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unst" title="Unst">Unst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaila" title="Vaila">Vaila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whalsay" title="Whalsay">Whalsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yell,_Shetland" title="Yell, Shetland">Yell</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Shetland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Shetland"><img alt="Flag of Shetland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Shetland.svg/60px-Flag_of_Shetland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Shetland.svg/120px-Flag_of_Shetland.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shetland_islands" title="List of Shetland islands">Other islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balta,_Shetland" title="Balta, Shetland">Balta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigga,_Shetland" title="Bigga, Shetland">Bigga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brother_Isle" title="Brother Isle">Brother Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colsay" title="Colsay">Colsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hascosay" title="Hascosay">Hascosay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildasay" title="Hildasay">Hildasay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamba,_Shetland" title="Lamba, Shetland">Lamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linga,_Bluemull_Sound" title="Linga, Bluemull Sound">Linga, Bluemull Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linga,_Busta_Voe" title="Linga, Busta Voe">Linga, Busta Voe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linga_(near_Vementry)" title="Linga (near Vementry)">Linga (near Vementry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linga,_Vaila_Sound" title="Linga, Vaila Sound">Linga, Vaila Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linga,_Yell_Sound" title="Linga, Yell Sound">Linga, Yell Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mousa" title="Mousa">Mousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Noss" title="Isle of Noss">Noss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxna" title="Oxna">Oxna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papa,_Shetland" title="Papa, Shetland">Papa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papa_Little" title="Papa Little">Papa Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samphrey" title="Samphrey">Samphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Havra" title="South Havra">South Havra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Ninian%27s_Isle" title="St Ninian's Isle">St Ninian's Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyea,_Northmavine" title="Uyea, Northmavine">Uyea, Northmavine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyea,_Unst" title="Uyea, Unst">Uyea, Unst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vementry" title="Vementry">Vementry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ve_Skerries" title="Ve Skerries">Ve Skerries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Linga" title="West Linga">West Linga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns and villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Lerwick" title="Lerwick">Lerwick</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aith" title="Aith">Aith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltasound" title="Baltasound">Baltasound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigton" title="Bigton">Bigton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bixter" title="Bixter">Bixter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brae" title="Brae">Brae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunningsburgh" title="Cunningsburgh">Cunningsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grutness" title="Grutness">Grutness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulberwick" title="Gulberwick">Gulberwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gutcher" title="Gutcher">Gutcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haroldswick" title="Haroldswick">Haroldswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillswick" title="Hillswick">Hillswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levenwick" title="Levenwick">Levenwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid_Yell" title="Mid Yell">Mid Yell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mossbank,_Shetland" title="Mossbank, Shetland">Mossbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Roe" title="North Roe">North Roe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ollaberry" title="Ollaberry">Ollaberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarff" title="Quarff">Quarff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandwick,_Dunrossness" title="Sandwick, Dunrossness">Sandwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalloway" title="Scalloway">Scalloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbister" title="Symbister">Symbister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toab,_Shetland" title="Toab, Shetland">Toab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toft,_Shetland" title="Toft, Shetland">Toft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulsta" title="Ulsta">Ulsta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyeasound" title="Uyeasound">Uyeasound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidlin" title="Vidlin">Vidlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voe,_Delting" title="Voe, Delting">Voe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls,_Shetland" title="Walls, Shetland">Walls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weisdale" title="Weisdale">Weisdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteness,_Shetland" title="Whiteness, Shetland">Whiteness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mainland Parishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delting" title="Delting">Delting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunrossness" title="Dunrossness">Dunrossness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerwick" title="Lerwick">Lerwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesting,_Shetland" title="Nesting, Shetland">Nesting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northmavine" title="Northmavine">Northmavine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandsting" title="Sandsting">Sandsting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tingwall,_Shetland" title="Tingwall, Shetland">Tingwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls,_Shetland" title="Walls, Shetland">Walls and Sandness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Insular Parishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bressay" title="Bressay">Bressay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetlar" title="Fetlar">Fetlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unst" title="Unst">Unst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yell,_Shetland" title="Yell, Shetland">Yell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maritime features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balta_Sound" title="Balta Sound">Balta Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluemull_Sound" title="Bluemull Sound">Bluemull Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burra_Voe" title="Burra Voe">Burra Voe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busta_Voe" title="Busta Voe">Busta Voe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calder%27s_Geo" title="Calder's Geo">Calder's Geo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronas_Voe" title="Ronas Voe">Ronas Voe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Magnus_Bay" title="St Magnus Bay">St Magnus Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullom_Voe" title="Sullom Voe">Sullom Voe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Voe_of_Sumburgh" title="West Voe of Sumburgh">West Voe of Sumburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yell_Sound" title="Yell Sound">Yell Sound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extreme points<br /><div class="hlist"><ul><li>(N</li><li>S</li><li>E</li><li>W)</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Out_Stack" title="Out Stack">Out Stack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Isle" title="Fair Isle">The Skerry, off Fair Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bound_Skerry" title="Bound Skerry">Bound Skerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foula" title="Foula">Waster Hoevda, Foula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_animal_breeds" title="Shetland animal breeds">Animal breeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Isles#Island_names" title="Northern Isles">Etymology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Shetland" title="History of Shetland">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Shetland" title="Prehistoric Shetland">Prehistory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Islands_of_Scotland51" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islands_of_Scotland" title="Template:Islands of Scotland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islands_of_Scotland" title="Template talk:Islands of Scotland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islands_of_Scotland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islands of Scotland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islands_of_Scotland51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Scotland" title="List of islands of Scotland">Islands of Scotland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Geography</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Isles" title="Northern Isles">Northern Isles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shetland" title="Shetland">Shetland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shetland_islands" title="List of Shetland islands">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Orkney_islands" title="List of Orkney islands">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrides" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Hebrides" title="Outer Hebrides">Outer Hebrides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Outer_Hebrides" title="List of Outer Hebrides">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Hebrides" title="Inner Hebrides">Inner Hebrides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Inner_Hebrides" title="List of Inner Hebrides">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda,_Scotland" title="St Kilda, Scotland">St Kilda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_the_Clyde" title="Islands of the Clyde">Islands of the Clyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_the_Forth" title="Islands of the Forth">Islands of the Forth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_freshwater_islands_in_Scotland" title="List of freshwater islands in Scotland">Freshwater Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_outlying_islands_of_Scotland" title="List of outlying islands of Scotland">Outlying Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sea_stacks_in_Scotland" title="List of sea stacks in Scotland">Sea Stacks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Boreray and the Stacs"><img alt="Boreray and the Stacs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg/120px-Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg/250px-Boreray_and_the_Stacs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="451" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prehistory51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prehistory</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Orkney" title="Prehistoric Orkney">Prehistoric Orkney</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Neolithic_Orkney" title="Heart of Neolithic Orkney">Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maeshowe" title="Maeshowe">Maeshowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_of_Brodgar" title="Ness of Brodgar">Ness of Brodgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_Brodgar" title="Ring of Brodgar">Ring of Brodgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skara_Brae" title="Skara Brae">Skara Brae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Stones_of_Stenness" title="Standing Stones of Stenness">Standing Stones of Stenness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Shetland" title="Prehistoric Shetland">Prehistoric Shetland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zenith_of_Iron_Age_Shetland" title="Zenith of Iron Age Shetland">Zenith of Iron Age Shetland</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broch_of_Mousa" title="Broch of Mousa">Broch of Mousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarlshof" title="Jarlshof">Jarlshof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Scatness" title="Old Scatness">Old Scatness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prehistoric Western Isles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Callanish_Stones" title="Callanish Stones">Callanish Stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Carloway" title="Dun Carloway">Dun Carloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubha_an_D%C3%B9nain" title="Rubha an Dùnain">Rubha an Dùnain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dun_Nosebridge" title="Dun Nosebridge">Dun Nosebridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">History</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columba" title="Columba">Columba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinba" title="Hinba">Hinba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Isles" title="Kingdom of the Isles">Kingdom of the Isles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Scotland" title="Scandinavian Scotland">Scandinavian Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rulers_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Isles" class="mw-redirect" title="Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles">Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_the_Isles" title="Bishop of the Isles">Bishop of the Isles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Isles" title="Lord of the Isles">Lordship of the Isles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Perth" title="Treaty of Perth">Treaty of Perth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Westminster_(1462)" title="Treaty of Westminster (1462)">Treaty of Ardtornish-Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finlaggan" title="Finlaggan">Finlaggan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Orkney" title="Earl of Orkney">Earldom of Orkney</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckquoy_spindle-whorl" title="Buckquoy spindle-whorl">Buckquoy spindle-whorl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udal_law" title="Udal law">Udal law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th and 19th Century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Clearances" title="Highland Clearances">Clearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobite_risings" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobite risings">Jacobite risings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald">Flora MacDonald</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Orkneyinga_saga" title="Orkneyinga saga">Orkneyinga Saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Description_of_the_Western_Isles_of_Scotland" title="Description of the Western Isles of Scotland">Description of the Western Isles of Scotland</a></i> (Monro)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Martin_Martin" title="Martin Martin">A Description of the Western Isles of Scotland</a></i> (Martin)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Journey_to_the_Western_Islands_of_Scotland" title="A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland">A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland</a></i> (Johnson)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_a_Tour_to_the_Hebrides" title="The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides">The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides</a></i> (Boswell)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Etymology51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Etymology</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_island_names" title="Scottish island names">Scottish island names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Isles#Island_names" title="Northern Isles">Northern Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrides#Etymology" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ainmean-%C3%80ite_na_h-Alba" title="Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba">Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Arran#Etymology" title="Isle of Arran">Arran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigha#Etymology" title="Gigha">Gigha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islay#Name" title="Islay">Islay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etymology_of_Skye" title="Etymology of Skye">Skye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda,_Scotland#Origin_of_names" title="St Kilda, Scotland">St Kilda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Economy51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Economy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwall" title="Kirkwall">Kirkwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerwick" title="Lerwick">Lerwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothesay" title="Rothesay">Rothesay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stornoway" title="Stornoway">Stornoway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stromness" title="Stromness">Stromness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_Energy_Scotland" title="Community Energy Scotland">Community Energy Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crofters_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Crofters Commission">Crofters Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highlands_and_Islands_Enterprise" title="Highlands and Islands Enterprise">Highlands and Islands Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Islands_Federation" title="Scottish Islands Federation">Scottish Islands Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_oil" title="North Sea oil">Oil industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flotta" title="Flotta">Flotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullom_Voe" title="Sullom Voe">Sullom Voe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culture</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shetland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aly_Bain" title="Aly Bain">Aly Bain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fraser_(singer)" title="Thomas Fraser (singer)">Thomas Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerie_Willie_Johnson" title="Peerie Willie Johnson">Peerie Willie Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Amenity_Trust" title="Shetland Amenity Trust">Shetland Amenity Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up_Helly_Aa" title="Up Helly Aa">Up Helly Aa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagaland" title="Vagaland">Vagaland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orkney</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Mackay_Brown" title="George Mackay Brown">George Mackay Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Maxwell_Davies" title="Peter Maxwell Davies">Peter Maxwell Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Marian_McNeill" title="F. Marian McNeill">F. Marian McNeill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwall_Ba_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkwall Ba game">Kirkwall Ba game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney_Heritage_Society" title="Orkney Heritage Society">Orkney Heritage Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Magnus_Festival" title="St Magnus Festival">St Magnus Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outer Hebrides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Mackenzie" title="Compton Mackenzie">Compton Mackenzie</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A8is_Bharraigh" title="Fèis Bharraigh">Fèis Bharraigh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_Scotland_(since_1900)" title="Free Church of Scotland (since 1900)">Free Church of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Crichton_Smith" title="Iain Crichton Smith">Iain Crichton Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inner Hebrides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islay_whisky" class="mw-redirect" title="Islay whisky">Islay whisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runrig" title="Runrig">Runrig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorley_MacLean" title="Sorley MacLean">Sorley MacLean</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/West_Highland_Free_Press" title="West Highland Free Press">West Highland Free Press</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Politics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Local_authorities17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local authorities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Islands_Council" title="Shetland Islands Council">Shetland Islands Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney_Islands_Council" title="Orkney Islands Council">Orkney Islands Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comhairle_nan_Eilean_Siar" title="Comhairle nan Eilean Siar">Comhairle nan Eilean Siar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Council" title="Highland Council">Highland Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyll_and_Bute" title="Argyll and Bute">Argyll and Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ayrshire" title="North Ayrshire">North Ayrshire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Wildlife51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wildlife</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fauna</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Isle_wren" title="Fair Isle wren">Fair Isle wren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney_vole" title="Orkney vole">Orkney vole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_wren" title="Shetland wren">Shetland wren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda_field_mouse" title="St Kilda field mouse">St Kilda field mouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda_wren" title="St Kilda wren">St Kilda wren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flora</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arran_whitebeams" title="Arran whitebeams">Arran whitebeams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primula_scotica" title="Primula scotica">Scottish Primrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerastium_nigrescens" title="Cerastium nigrescens">Shetland Mouse-ear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Domesticated animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cairn_Terrier" title="Cairn Terrier">Cairn Terrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eriskay_Pony" title="Eriskay Pony">Eriskay Pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreray_(sheep)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boreray (sheep)">Hebridean Blackface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luing_cattle" title="Luing cattle">Luing cattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ronaldsay_sheep" title="North Ronaldsay sheep">North Ronaldsay sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Terrier" title="Scottish Terrier">Scottie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Sheepdog" title="Shetland Sheepdog">Sheltie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_(cattle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland (cattle)">Shetland cattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Goose" class="mw-redirect" title="Shetland Goose">Shetland Goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_pony" title="Shetland pony">Shetland pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_sheep" title="Shetland sheep">Shetland sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soay_sheep" title="Soay sheep">Soay sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Highland_White_Terrier" title="West Highland White Terrier">Westie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geology51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Geology</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shetland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geopark_Shetland" title="Geopark Shetland">Geopark Shetland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Orkney" title="Geology of Orkney">Geology of Orkney</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eday_Group" title="Eday Group">Eday Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcadian_Basin" title="Orcadian Basin">Orcadian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesnaby_Sandstone_Group" title="Yesnaby Sandstone Group">Yesnaby Sandstone Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hebrides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonsay_Group" title="Colonsay Group">Colonsay Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Estuarine_Group" title="Great Estuarine Group">Great Estuarine Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebridean_terrane" title="Hebridean terrane">Hebridean terrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisian_complex" title="Lewisian complex">Lewisian complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorne_plateau_lavas" title="Lorne plateau lavas">Lorne plateau lavas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moine_supergroup" class="mw-redirect" title="Moine supergroup">Moine supergroup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moine_Thrust_Belt" title="Moine Thrust Belt">Moine Thrust Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Isle_of_Mull" title="Geology of the Isle of Mull">Mull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhinns_complex" title="Rhinns complex">Rhinns complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Isle_of_Skye" title="Geology of the Isle of Skye">Skye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffa#Geology_and_pre-history" title="Staffa">Staffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torridonian" title="Torridonian">Torridonian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands of the Clyde</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Boundary_Fault" title="Highland Boundary Fault">Highland Boundary Fault</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1552121#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata378" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" 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