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aktīvi</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/coll/assets/html/index.lv.html">Atbilstošo tirgojamo aktīvu saraksts</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Atbilstošo tirgojamo aktīvu saraksts"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/assets/guide/html/index.lv.html">Lietotāju rokasgrāmata</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/html/index.lv.html">Nodrošinājuma mobilizācija</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Nodrošinājuma mobilizācija"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/ccbm/html/index.lv.html">CCBM</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/eligiblesss/html/index.lv.html">Atbilstošās VNS</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/ssslinks/html/index.lv.html">Atbilstošās saiknes</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/triparty/html/index.lv.html">Atbilstošie trīspusējie aģenti</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/html/index.lv.html">Risku mazināšana</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Risku mazināšana"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/ecaf/html/index.lv.html">ECAF</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/riskcontrol/html/index.lv.html">Risku kontrole</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/liquidity/html/index.lv.html">Diskontu kategorijas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/valuation/html/index.lv.html">Vērtēšana</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/coll/loanlevel/html/index.lv.html">Kredītu līmeņa iniciatīva</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Kredītu līmeņa iniciatīva"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/loanlevel/transmission/html/index.lv.html">Datu veidnes</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/loanlevel/implementation/html/index.lv.html">Atbilstības kritēriji</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/loanlevel/faq/html/index.lv.html">Bieži uzdotie jautājumi</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/contacts/html/index.lv.html">Kontaktinformācija</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/eaec/html/index.lv.html">Eurozonas tautsaimniecības struktūra</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Eurozonas tautsaimniecības struktūra"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/ecopolicy/html/index.lv.html">Ekonomiskā politika</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/fiscal/html/index.lv.html">Fiskālā politika</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/trade/html/index.lv.html">Ārējā tirdzniecība</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/eer/html/index.lv.html">Efektīvie kursi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/structure/html/index.lv.html">Finanšu struktūra</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/markets/html/index.lv.html">Finanšu tirgi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/intermediaries/html/index.lv.html">Finanšu starpnieki</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/diversity/html/index.lv.html">Ekonomiskā daudzveidība</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/labour/html/index.lv.html">Darba tirgus</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/html/index.lv.html">Tirgus kontaktgrupas</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Tirgus kontaktgrupas"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/bmcg/html/index.lv.html">Obligāciju tirgus kontaktgrupa (BMCG)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/mmcg/html/index.lv.html">Naudas tirgus kontaktgrupa (MMCG)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/dimcg/html/index.lv.html">Parāda vērtspapīru emisijas tirgus kontaktgrupa (DIMCG)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/omg/html/index.lv.html">ECB Operāciju vadītāju grupa (ECB OMG)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/fxcg/html/index.lv.html">Valūtas tirgus kontaktgrupa (FXCG)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/iid/html/index.lv.html">Institucionālo investoru dialogs (IID)</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages -section" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/paym/html/index.lv.html">Maksājumi un finanšu stabilitāte</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Maksājumi un finanšu stabilitāte"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"><div class="item"> <div class="title">Maksājumi un finan&scaron;u stabilitāte</div> <p>Ieskats mūsu darbā finan&scaron;u stabilitātes un maksājumu un tirgus infrastruktūras jomā</p><a href="/paym/html/index.en.html">Pārskats par maksājumiem un finan&scaron;u stabilitāti</a><hr> <div class="nav-title">Ātrās saites</div> <ul> <li><a href="/euro/digital_euro/html/index.en.html">Digitālais euro</a></li> <li><a href="/press/intro/html/index.en.html">Maksājumu jaunumi un aktualitātes</a></li> <li><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/html/index.en.html">TARGET dokumenti un saites profesionāļiem</a></li> </ul> </div><a href="/pub/financial-stability/fsr/html/index.en.html" class="item image"> <img src="/paym/financial-stability/html/index/fsr_1000x750.jpg" width="357" height="179" loading="lazy" style="object-fit:cover"><div class="image-caption">Jaunākais "Finan&scaron;u Stabilitātes Pārskats"</div> <div class="image-date">16.05.2024.</div></a></div></div><ul><li class="clearfix"><span>Maksājumi</span></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/html/index.lv.html">TARGET pakalpojumi</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for TARGET pakalpojumi"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/coco/html/index.lv.html">Kopējās iezīmes</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/t2/html/index.lv.html">T2</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for T2"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2/facts/html/index.lv.html">Facts and figures</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2/governance/html/index.lv.html">Pārvaldība</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/t2s/html/index.lv.html">T2V</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for T2V"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2s/governance/html/index.lv.html">Pārvaldība</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2s/facts/html/index.lv.html">Fakti un skaitļi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2s/pricing/html/index.lv.html">Cenu noteikšana</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/tips/html/index.lv.html">TIPS</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for TIPS"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/tips/crossborder/html/index.lv.html">Cross-border payments</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/tips/governance/html/index.lv.html">Pārvaldība</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/tips/facts/html/index.lv.html">Fakti un skaitļi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/tips/onboarding/html/index.lv.html">Piekļuves nodrošināšana</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/ecms/html/index.lv.html">ECMS</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/html/index.lv.html">TARGET dokumenti un saites profesionāļiem</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for TARGET dokumenti un saites profesionāļiem"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/coco/html/index.lv.html">Koplietošanas funkciju dokumenti un saites</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/t2/html/index.lv.html">T2 dokumenti un saites</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/t2s/html/index.lv.html">T2V dokumenti un saites</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/tips/html/index.lv.html">TIPS dokumenti un saites</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/ecms/html/index.lv.html">ECMS dokumenti un saites</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages -section"><a href="/paym/integration/html/index.lv.html">Integrācija un inovācijas</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Integrācija un inovācijas"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages -current"><a href="/paym/integration/distributed/html/index.lv.html">Sadalītās virsgrāmatas tehnoloģijas</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Sadalītās virsgrāmatas tehnoloģijas"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/distributed/exploratory/html/index.lv.html">Izpētes darbs</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/html/index.lv.html">Neliela apjoma maksājumi</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Neliela apjoma maksājumi"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/retail_payments_strategy/html/index.lv.html">Neliela apjoma maksājumu stratēģija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/ecb/html/index.lv.html">ECB kā katalizators</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/sepa/html/index.lv.html">SEPA</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/instant_payments/html/index.lv.html">Zibmaksājumi</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/integration/collateral/html/index.lv.html">Nodrošinājuma pārvaldības saskaņošana</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Nodrošinājuma pārvaldības saskaņošana"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/collateral/implementation/html/index.lv.html">Īstenošana</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/collateral/faq/html/index.lv.html">Bieži uzdotie jautājumi</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/cyber-resilience/html/index.lv.html">Noturība pret kiberuzbrukumiem</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Noturība pret kiberuzbrukumiem"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/cyber-resilience/fmi/html/index.lv.html">Finanšu tirgu infrastruktūras</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/cyber-resilience/tiber-eu/html/index.lv.html">TIBER-EU</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/pol/html/index.lv.html">Pārraudzība</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Pārraudzība"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/systems/html/index.lv.html">Maksājumu sistēmas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/target2-securities/html/index.lv.html">TARGET2 vērtspapīriem</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/instr/html/index.lv.html">Elektroniskie maksājumi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/clearing/html/index.lv.html">Vērtspapīru norēķinu sistēmas un centrālie darījuma partneri</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/critical/html/index.lv.html">Kritiski svarīgu pakalpojumu sniedzēji</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/correspondent-and-custodian-banks/html/index.lv.html">Korespondentbankas un vērtspapīru kontu turētājas bankas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/forum/html/index.lv.html">SecuRePay Forums</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/erms/html/index.lv.html">Rezervju pārvaldīšanas pakalpojumi</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Rezervju pārvaldīšanas pakalpojumi"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/erms/aspects/html/index.lv.html">Galvenie aspekti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/erms/service/html/index.lv.html">Pakalpojumu klāsts</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/cashprof/html/index.lv.html">Skaidrās naudas apstrādātājiem</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Skaidrās naudas apstrādātājiem"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/cashprof/cashhand/html/index.lv.html">Skaidrās naudas apstrāde</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Skaidrās naudas apstrāde"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/cashprof/cashhand/devices/html/index.lv.html">Autentifikācijas iekārtas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/cashprof/cashhand/recycling/html/index.lv.html">Banknošu atkārtota laišana apgrozībā</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/cashprof/cdispec/html/index.lv.html">Kopējā detektoru interfeisa specifikācijas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/cashprof/accreditation/html/index.lv.html">Banknošu ražotāju akreditācija</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/groups/html/index.lv.html">Maksājumu tirgus kontaktgrupas</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Maksājumu tirgus kontaktgrupas"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/groups/ami/html/index.lv.html">Konsultatīvās grupas tirgus infrastruktūru jautājumos</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/groups/euro-cyber-board/html/index.lv.html">Euro kiberdrošības kolēģija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/groups/erpb/html/index.lv.html">Euro neliela apjoma maksājumu padome (ERPB)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/groups/efip/html/index.lv.html">Eiropas Maksājumu inovāciju forums (EFIP)</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><span>Finanšu stabilitāte</span></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/financial-stability/html/index.lv.html">Ievads finanšu stabilitātē</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/macroprudential-measures/html/index.lv.html">Makroprudenciālās uzraudzības pasākumi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/financial_stability_contact_groups/html/index.lv.html">Finanšu stabilitātes kontaktgrupas</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/stats/html/index.lv.html">Statistika</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Statistika"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"><div class="item"> <div class="title">Statistika</div> <p>Piekļuve visiem ECB statistiskajiem datiem un pamatinformācijai</p><a href="/stats/html/index.en.html">Pārskats par ECB statistiku</a><hr> <div class="nav-title">Ātrās saites</div> <ul> <li><a href="https://data.ecb.europa.eu/main-figures">Svarīgākie dati</a></li> <li><a href="https://data.ecb.europa.eu/">ECB datu portāls</a></li> <li><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/accessing-our-data/html/index.en.html">Visi datu pakalpojumi</a></li> </ul> </div><a href="/press/blog/date/2024/html/ecb.blog20240418~2240ea1850.en.html" class="item image"> <img src="/press/blog/date/2024/html//ecb.blog20240418~2240ea1850/ecb.blog20240418~2240ea1850.jpg" width="357" height="179" loading="lazy" style="object-fit:cover"><div class="image-caption">ECB Blogs – "Uzlaboti dati: kā klimata pārmaiņas ietekmē bankas"</div> <div class="image-date">2024. gada 18. aprīlis</div></a></div></div><ul><li class="clearfix"><span>Biežāk meklētā informācija</span></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/euro-exchange-rates/html/index.lv.html">Euro kurss</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/key-ecb-interest-rates/html/index.lv.html">Galvenās ECB procentu likmes</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/stats/euro-short-term-rates/html/index.lv.html">Euro īstermiņa procentu likme (€STR)</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Euro īstermiņa procentu likme (€STR)"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/stats/euro-short-term-rates/interest_rate_benchmarks/html/index.lv.html">Etalona procentu likmes</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Etalona procentu likmes"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/euro-short-term-rates/interest_rate_benchmarks/WG_euro_risk-free_rates/html/index.lv.html">Euro bezriska procentu likmju darba grupa</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/inflation/html/index.lv.html">Inflācija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/euro-area-yield-curves/html/index.lv.html">Eurozonas peļņas likmju līknes</a></li><li class="clearfix"><span>Visi statistiskie dati un pamatinformācija</span></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/all-key-statistics/html/index.lv.html">Visi svarīgākie statistikas dati</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/accessing-our-data/html/index.lv.html">Visi mūsu datu pakalpojumi</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/html/index.lv.html">Datu ziņošana un standarti</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Datu ziņošana un standarti"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/governance_and_quality_framework/html/index.lv.html">Pārvaldības un kvalitātes sistēma</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/co-operation_and_standards/html/index.lv.html">Sadarbība un standarti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/reporting/html/index.lv.html">Banku datu pārskatu sniegšana</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/anacredit/html/index.lv.html">AnaCredit</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for AnaCredit"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/anacredit/questions/html/index.lv.html">Bieži uzdotie jautājumi par AnaCredit</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/consultations/html/index.lv.html">Sabiedriskās apspriešanas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/dialogue/html/index.lv.html">Banku nozares dialogs par ECBS statistiku un integrēto pārskatu sniegšanu</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/sdmx/html/index.lv.html">SDMX – statistisko datu apmaiņas modelis</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/inexda/html/index.lv.html">INEXDA – mikrodatu tīkls</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/euro/html/index.lv.html">Euro</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Euro"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"><div class="item"> <div class="title">Euro</div> <p>Viss, kas jums jāzina par mūsu vienoto valūtu</p><a href="/euro/html/index.en.html">Pārskats par euro</a><hr> <div class="nav-title">Ātrās saites</div> <ul> <li><a href="/paym/cashprof/html/index.en.html">Skaidrās naudas apstrādātājiem</a></li> <li><a href="/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/banknotes+coins/html/index.en.html">Bankno&scaron;u un monētu statistika</a></li> <li><a href="/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html">Euro kursi</a></li> </ul> </div><a href="/stats/ecb_surveys/space/html/ecb.space2024~19d46f0f17.en.html" class="item image"> <img src="/euro/shared/img/cover.png" width="357" height="179" loading="lazy" style="object-fit:cover"><div class="image-caption">2024. gada pētījums par patērētāju maksā&scaron;anas paradumiem euro zonā (SPACE)</div> <div class="image-date">2024. gada 19. decembris</div></a></div></div><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/html/index.lv.html">Digitālais euro</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Digitālais euro"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/features/html/index.lv.html">Iezīmes</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Iezīmes"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/features/privacy/html/index.lv.html">Digital euro and privacy</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/how-it-works/html/index.lv.html">Kā tas darbojas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/why-we-need-it/html/index.lv.html">Kāpēc mums tas vajadzīgs</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/progress/html/index.lv.html">Laika grafiks un progress</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/timeline/html/index.lv.html">Detalizēta informācija</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Detalizēta informācija"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/timeline/stakeholder/html/index.lv.html">Pārvaldība un ieinteresētās personas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/timeline/profuse/html/index.lv.html">Tehniskie dokumenti un izpēte</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/timeline/rulebook/html/index.lv.html">Shēmas noteikumu kopums</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/faqs/html/index.lv.html">Bieži uzdotie jautājumi</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><span>Skaidrā nauda</span></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/html/index.lv.html">Eurosistēmas skaidrās naudas stratēģija</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Eurosistēmas skaidrās naudas stratēģija"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/cash_role/html/index.lv.html">Skaidrās naudas loma</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/issuance/html/index.lv.html">Emisija un apgrozība</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/acceptance-cash/html/index.lv.html">Piekļuve skaidrajai naudai un tās pieņemšana</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/faqs/html/index.lv.html">Bieži uzdotie jautājumi</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/banknotes/html/index.lv.html">Banknotes</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Banknotes"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/banknotes/future_banknotes/html/index.lv.html">Nākotnes banknotes</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Nākotnes banknotes"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/future_banknotes/redesign/html/index.lv.html">Jaunā dizaina izstrādes process</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/banknotes/current/html/index.lv.html">Pašreizējās banknotes</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Pašreizējās banknotes"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/current/denominations/html/index.lv.html">Nominālvērtības</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/current/design/html/index.lv.html">Dizaina elementi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/current/security/html/index.lv.html">Pretviltošanas elementi</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/ac/html/index.lv.html">Pretviltošanas pasākumi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/production/html/index.lv.html">Banknošu ražošana un krājumi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/damaged/html/index.lv.html">Bojātas banknotes un banknotes ar krāsas traipiem</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/banknotes/environmental/html/index.lv.html">Vide, veselība un drošība</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Vide, veselība un drošība"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/environmental/pef/html/index.lv.html">Produkta vidiskā pēda</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/research/html/index.lv.html">Pētniecība un attīstība</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/images/html/index.lv.html">Attēli un atveidošanas noteikumi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/info/html/index.lv.html">Informatīvie un mācību materiāli</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/coins/html/index.lv.html">Monētas</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Monētas"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/2euro/html/index.lv.html">2 euro</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/1euro/html/index.lv.html">1 euro</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/50cents/html/index.lv.html">50 centu</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/20cents/html/index.lv.html">20 centu</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/10cents/html/index.lv.html">10 centu</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/5cents/html/index.lv.html">5 centi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/2cents/html/index.lv.html">2 centi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/1cent/html/index.lv.html">1 cents</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/common/html/index.lv.html">Kopīgās puses</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/comm/html/index.lv.html">2 euro piemiņas monētas</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/security/html/index.lv.html">Pretviltošanas elementi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/collect/html/index.lv.html">Jubilejas un piemiņas monētas</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/changeover/html/index.lv.html">Pievienošanās eurozonai</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Pievienošanās eurozonai"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/croatia/html/index.lv.html">Horvātija (2023)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/lithuania/html/index.lv.html">Lietuva (2015)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/latvia/html/index.lv.html">Latvija (2014)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/estonia/html/index.lv.html">Igaunija (2011)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/slovakia/html/index.lv.html">Slovākija (2009)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/cyprus/html/index.lv.html">Kipra (2008)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/malta/html/index.lv.html">Malta (2008)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/slovenia/html/index.lv.html">Slovēnija (2007)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/2002/html/index.lv.html">Pirmā pāreja uz euro skaidrās naudas apriti (2002)</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/exchange/html/index.lv.html">Nacionālo valūtu skaidrās naudas apmaiņa</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Nacionālo valūtu skaidrās naudas apmaiņa"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/au/html/index.lv.html">Austrija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/be/html/index.lv.html">Beļģija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/hr/html/index.lv.html">Horvātija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/cy/html/index.lv.html">Kipra</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/et/html/index.lv.html">Igaunija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/fi/html/index.lv.html">Somija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/fr/html/index.lv.html">Francija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/de/html/index.lv.html">Vācija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/gr/html/index.lv.html">Grieķija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/ir/html/index.lv.html">Īrija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/it/html/index.lv.html">Itālija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/lv/html/index.lv.html">Latvija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/lt/html/index.lv.html">Lietuva</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/lu/html/index.lv.html">Luksemburga</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/mt/html/index.lv.html">Malta</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/nl/html/index.lv.html">Nīderlande</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/pt/html/index.lv.html">Portugāle</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/slovakia/html/index.lv.html">Slovākija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/sl/html/index.lv.html">Slovēnija</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/es/html/index.lv.html">Spānija</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/visually/html/index.lv.html">Cilvēkiem ar redzes traucējumiem</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/pub/html/index.lv.html">Pētniecība</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Pētniecība"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"><div class="item"> <div class="title">Pētniecība</div> <p>Padziļināta izpēte un ekspertu analīze, aptverot dažādas tēmas un jomas</p><a href="/pub/html/index.en.html">Pārskats par ECB pētniecību</a> <hr> <div class="nav-title">Ātrās saites</div> <ul>  <li><a href="/press/conferences/html/index.en.html">Konferences un semināri</a></li> <li><a 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href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/fiscal_policy/html/index.lv.html">Fiskālā politika un pārvaldība Ekonomikas un monetārajā savienībā</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/international/html/index.lv.html">Starptautiskā makroekonomiskā vide un finanses</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/real_sector/html/index.lv.html">Reālie sektori un mikroekonomiskā analīze</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/forecasting/html/index.lv.html">Prognozēšana un ekonomiskās attīstības cikla analīze</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/macro-finance/html/index.lv.html">Mikrofinanses, sistēmiskie riski un makroprudenciālā politika</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/financial_institutions/html/index.lv.html">Finanšu iestādes, mikroprudenciālā politika, finanšu tirgi un maksājumi</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/html/index.lv.html">Darba un sadarbības iespējas pētniekiem</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Darba un sadarbības iespējas pētniekiem"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/duisenberg/html/index.lv.html">Wim Duisenberg Fellowship</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/visitors/html/index.lv.html">Regulārā vieszinātnieku pētnieciskā programma</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/lamfalussy/html/index.lv.html">Lamfalussy Fellowship</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/graduate/html/index.lv.html">Absolventu vasaras zinātniski pētnieciskā programma</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/traineeship/html/index.lv.html">Studentu pētnieciskās stažēšanās programma</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/pub/legal-research/html/index.lv.html">Juridiskie pētījumi</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Juridiskie pētījumi"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/legal-research/legal-conferences-and-seminars/html/index.lv.html">Konferences un semināri par juridiskiem jautājumiem</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/legal-research/legal-research-programme/html/index.lv.html">Juridisko pētījumu programma</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/pub/research/html/index.lv.html">Pētījumu sērija</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Pētījumu sērija"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/research/authors/html/index.lv.html">Pētījumi pēc autora</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/researchers/html/index.lv.html">ECB pētnieki</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/research-networks/html/index.lv.html">Pētniecības struktūra</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/press/html/index.lv.html">Jaunumi un publikācijas</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Jaunumi un publikācijas"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap -nav-in-first-column"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"> <div class="item"> <div class="title">Jaunumi un publikācijas</div><a href="/press/pubbydate/html/index.en.html">Visi jaunumi un publikācijas</a><hr> </div> </div><ul><li><span>Jaunumi</span></li><li><a href="/press/pr/html/index.lv.html">Paziņojumi presei</a></li><li><a href="/press/stats/html/index.lv.html">Statistisko datu paziņojumi presei</a></li><li><a href="/press/key/html/index.lv.html">Runas</a></li><li><a href="/press/inter/html/index.lv.html">Intervijas</a></li><li><a href="/press/blog/html/index.lv.html">ECB blogs</a></li><li><a href="/press/tvservices/html/index.lv.html">Podkāsti un tiešraides</a></li><li><a href="/press/intro/html/index.lv.html">Maksājumu jaunumi un aktualitātes</a></li><li><a href="/press/contacts/html/index.lv.html">Kontaktinformācija plašsaziņas līdzekļu pārstāvjiem</a></li></ul></div><ul><li class="clearfix"><span>Publikācijas</span></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/govcdec/html/index.lv.html">Padomes lēmumi</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Padomes lēmumi"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/govcdec/mopo/html/index.lv.html">Monetārās politikas lēmumi</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/govcdec/otherdec/html/index.lv.html">Citi lēmumi</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/accounts/html/index.lv.html">Monetārās politikas sanāksmju pārskati</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/economic-bulletin/html/index.lv.html">Tautsaimniecības Biļetens</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Tautsaimniecības Biļetens"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/economic-bulletin/articles/html/index.lv.html">Raksti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a 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recent years from various technical innovations and new technologies. For example, ever-increasing computing power and network access have encouraged the wide adoption of instant payments, and the ubiquity of smartphones, combined with biometric authentication, is revolutionising electronic payments. Artificial intelligence is also being used to combat fraud by detecting anomalies and flagging scams in real-time. The ECB has taken these technological developments into consideration when shaping its <a href="/paym/integration/retail/retail_payments_strategy/html/index.en.html" data-label="angļu val.">retail payments strategy</a>.</p><p>In this section we will take a closer look at distributed ledger technologies, crypto-assets and stablecoins.</p> </div> <h2>Distributed ledger technology</h2> <p>Payments and securities settlement systems are generally based on centralised infrastructures where market participants connect to a central database to settle transactions. Distributed ledger technology is a new technological development where a database is shared across a network and its data is accessible to the network’s members. There are different types of assets that can be transferred using distributed ledger technology.<br><br></p> <h3><strong>What is distributed ledger technology?</strong></h3> <p>A <a href="/press/intro/mip-online/2016/html/mip_qr_1_article_3_distributed_ledger_tech.lv.html" data-label="angļu val.">distributed ledger</a> is a record of information, or database, that is shared across a network. </p> <p>The best-known type of distributed ledger is a blockchain, so named because it stores individual transactions in groups, or blocks, attached to each other in chronological order to form a chain.</p> <p>Distributed ledger technology has been used to transfer different types of assets between buyer and seller. These include new types of assets, such as crypto-assets and stablecoins, as well as long-established financial assets, such as securities.</p> <p>The ECB is currently exploring the potential of these emerging technologies, monitoring market developments in this area and analysing the possible interactions between its own infrastructures – <a href="/paym/target/html/index.en.html" data-label="angļu val.">TARGET Services</a> – and market distributed ledger technology platforms.</p> <a href="/paym/integration/distributed/exploratory/html/index.en.html" data-label="angļu val.">Eurosystem exploratory work on new technologies for wholesale central bank money settlement</a> <p>Different types of assets have emerged alongside the new technologies and are being researched, monitored and assessed at the European and international level. </p> <h3>Crypto-assets and stablecoins</h3> <p>In recent years, we have seen many new types of assets popping up that are recorded on blockchains or other distributed ledgers. This started with bitcoin and similar crypto-assets. Later, stablecoins were introduced in an attempt to address the high volatility of other crypto-assets.<br><br></p> <h3>What are crypto-assets?</h3> <p>Crypto-assets are recorded in digital form, enabled by the use of cryptography and distributed ledger technology. They are also known as cryptocurrencies, though this name is misleading, as they don’t fulfil the three functions of money: a reliable medium of exchange, a store of value and a unit of account.</p> <p>Unlike euro banknotes or money held on a payment account, crypto-assets typically do not represent a financial claim on, or a liability towards, any identifiable entity.</p> <p>Moreover, crypto-assets are typically not backed or managed by any central institution. You have no guarantee that you will be able to exchange them for money when you need to. The specific risk profile and high volatility of crypto-assets results from this absence of any underlying fundamental value.</p> <h3>What is bitcoin?</h3> <p>Bitcoin is one of the many private crypto-assets available on the market. Essentially, it is a digital token that can be exchanged electronically and that does not exist in a physical form.</p> <h3>What are stablecoins?</h3> <p>Like bitcoin and similar crypto-assets, stablecoins are recorded on a distributed ledger. Stablecoins are designed to try to maintain a stable value by being pegged to a reference asset. Stablecoins that are backed by a reserve in an official currency are called e-money tokens: electronic money recorded on a distributed ledger. Stablecoins that are backed by other assets, such as gold, are called asset-referenced tokens. There are also crypto-assets that rely on algorithms to minimise fluctuations in their prices, called algorithmic stablecoins, but these have proven to be unsuccessful in maintaining a stable value.</p> <h3>What is being done at the international and European levels?</h3> <p>A significant amount of work on distributed ledger technology and crypto-assets has been undertaken in Europe and at the international level.</p> <p>A uniform legal framework for the crypto-asset market in Europe has been adopted. <a href="https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/PE-54-2022-INIT/en/pdf">Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) </a>covers crypto-assets that are not regulated by existing financial services legislation. Key provisions for those issuing and trading crypto-assets (including asset-referenced tokens and e-money tokens) cover the transparency, disclosure, authorisation and supervision of transactions. The new legal framework supports market integrity and financial stability by regulating public offers of crypto-assets. </p> <a href="https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/05/16/digital-finance-council-adopts-new-rules-on-markets-in-crypto-assets-mica/">Press release: Digital finance: Council adopts new rules on markets in crypto-assets (MiCA)</a> <h3>International initiatives</h3> <p>Standard-setting bodies and international institutions are undertaking analytical and policy work on crypto-assets, stablecoins and decentralised finance in the areas of their respective mandates. </p> <p>The Bank for International Settlement’s <a href="https://www.bis.org/cpmi/about/overview.htm">Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI)</a> is conducting work on the applications of distributed ledger technology and is also analysing and monitoring other payment innovations. </p> <h3>Other initiatives</h3> <p>The CPMI and the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) are assessing the application of the Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures to different stablecoin arrangements. In addition, the CPMI are studying how stablecoin arrangements could potentially improve cross-border payments. </p> <a href="https://www.bis.org/cpmi/cross_border/bb18.htm">Building block 18: Fostering the soundness of global stablecoin arrangements for cross-border payments</a> <h3>BIS Innovation Hub</h3> <p>The Bank for International Settlements and the central banks of the euro area are working together at the <a href="https://www.bis.org/about/bisih/locations/eurosystem.htm">BIS Innovation Hub Eurosystem Centre</a> to develop <a href="https://www.bis.org/about/bisih/topics/suptech_regtech/atlas.htm">Project Atlas</a>. This project will create an open-source data platform that can shed light on the macroeconomic relevance of crypto-asset markets, combining different data sources to offer regulators and policymakers reliable insights. In the first phase, Project Atlas will visualise cross-border flows by mapping the geographic locations of blockchain transactions between crypto exchanges.</p> <h3>Publications on crypto-assets and stablecoins </h3> <ul><li><a href="/press/blog/date/2024/html/ecb.blog20240222~0929f86e23.en.html" data-label="angļu val.">ECB blog: ETF approval for bitcoin – the naked emperor’s new clothes</a></li><li><a href="/press/blog/date/2022/html/ecb.blog221130~5301eecd19.en.html" data-label="angļu val.">ECB blog: Bitcoin’s last stand</a></li><li><a href="/pub/pdf/scpops/ecb.op247~fe3df92991.en.pdf" data-label="angļu val.">Occasional Paper Series: Stablecoins: Implications for monetary policy, financial stability, market infrastructure and payments, and banking supervision in the euro area</a></li><li><a href="/pub/pdf/scpops/ecb.op223~3ce14e986c.en.pdf?a31360223fb32f0e50a82ce649a8b7fc" data-label="angļu val.">Occasional paper series: Crypto-Assets: Implications for financial stability, monetary policy, and payments and market infrastructures</a></li></ul> <a href="/press/pubbydate/html/index.lv.html?topic=Crypto-assets">Explore additional publications on crypto-assets and stablecoins</a> </div> <div class="in-this-section" id="pages-in-section-holder"> <h3>Visas &scaron;īs sadaļas lapas</h3> <div class="content-box"> </div> </div> </main> </div> <div id="feedback" class="hidden"> <div class="content-box"> <div class="initial"> <div class="title">Vai jūs apmierina &scaron;īs lapas darbība?</div><a class="button -inverted-color" id="feedback-yes">Jā</a> <a class="button -inverted-color" id="feedback-no">Nē</a></div> <div class="second hidden"> <div class="title">Kas jūs neapmierina?</div><a class="button -inverted-color" id="feedback-broken">Lapa nedarbojas</a> <a class="button -inverted-color" id="feedback-content">Informācija nav lietderīga</a> <a class="button -inverted-color" id="feedback-design">Nepatīk dizains</a> <a class="button -inverted-color" id="feedback-other">Cits 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