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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pinchas Menachem Alter</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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color: #000000;"><div class="fn">Pinchas Menachem Alter</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pinchas_Menachem_Alter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Pinchas_Menachem_Alter.jpg/220px-Pinchas_Menachem_Alter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="494" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Pinchas_Menachem_Alter.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="279" data-file-height="627" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data">Gerrer Rebbe</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ADD8E6; color: #000000;">Personal life</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1926-06-09</span>)</span>June 9, 1926<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Falenica" title="Falenica">Falenica</a> near <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 7, 1996<span style="display:none">(1996-03-07)</span> (aged 69)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Tzipora Alter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Esther Lipl<br />Moshe Betzalel Alter<br /><a href="/wiki/Shaul_Alter" title="Shaul Alter">Shaul Alter</a><br />Yehuda Aryeh Leyb Alter<br />Yitzchak Dovid Alter<br />Yaakov Meir Alter<br />Daniel Chaim Alter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Mordechai_Alter" title="Avraham Mordechai Alter">Avraham Mordechai Alter</a> <br /> Feyge Mintshe Biderman</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ADD8E6; color: #000000;">Religious life</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ADD8E6; color: #000000;">Jewish leader</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Simcha_Bunim_Alter" title="Simcha Bunim Alter">Simcha Bunim Alter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Aryeh_Alter" title="Yaakov Aryeh Alter">Yaakov Aryeh Alter</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Began</th><td class="infobox-data">7 July 1992</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ended</th><td class="infobox-data">7 March 1996</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Buried</th><td class="infobox-data">7 March 1996 <br /> Sfas Emes Yeshiva, Jerusalem</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dynasty</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ger_(Hasidic_dynasty)" title="Ger (Hasidic dynasty)">Ger</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pinchas Menachem Alter</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">פינחס מנחם אלתר</span>, June 9, 1926 – March 7, 1996), also known as the <i><b>Pnei Menachem</b></i> (<span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">פני מנחם</span></span>), after the works he authored, was the seventh <a href="/wiki/Rebbe" title="Rebbe">rebbe</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidic</a> dynasty of <a href="/wiki/Ger_(Hasidic_dynasty)" title="Ger (Hasidic dynasty)">Ger</a>, a position he held from 1992 until his death in 1996. From 1956 until he was appointed rebbe, he was a <a href="/wiki/Rosh_Yeshiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosh Yeshiva">Rosh Yeshiva</a> (dean of a <a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">yeshiva</a>). He also served as a member and the president of the <a href="/wiki/Moetzes_Gedolei_HaTorah" title="Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah">Torah Scholars Council</a> and as the chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Agudat_Yisrael" title="Agudat Yisrael">Agudat Yisrael</a> political party.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years">Early years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinchas_Menachem_Alter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alter was born in <a href="/wiki/Falenica" title="Falenica">Falenica</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>. He was the only child of Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Avraham_Mordechai_Alter" title="Avraham Mordechai Alter">Avraham Mordechai Alter</a>, the fourth rebbe of Ger, and his second wife, Feyge Mintshe Biderman. Alter had four half-brothers and two half-sisters from his father's first marriage—including the fifth rebbe of Ger, <a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Alter" title="Yisrael Alter">Yisrael Alter</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Simcha_Bunim_Alter" title="Simcha Bunim Alter">Simcha Bunim Alter</a>, the sixth rebbe of Ger. </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> he married his cousin Tzipora Alter.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1956, he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Rosh_yeshiva" title="Rosh yeshiva">rosh yeshiva</a> of <i>Sfas Emes</i>, the flagship yeshiva of Ger in Jerusalem, Israel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession_as_rebbe">Succession as rebbe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinchas_Menachem_Alter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Succession as rebbe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alter succeeded his half-brother, <a href="/wiki/Simcha_Bunim_Alter" title="Simcha Bunim Alter">Simcha Bunim Alter</a>, as rebbe in 1992. His position as <a href="/wiki/Rosh_yeshiva" title="Rosh yeshiva">rosh yeshiva</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sfas_Emes_Yeshiva" title="Sfas Emes Yeshiva">Sfas Emes Yeshiva</a> was assumed by his son, <a href="/wiki/Shaul_Alter" title="Shaul Alter">Shaul Alter</a>. </p><p>As rebbe he continued the policies of his half-brothers Simcha Bunim and Yisrael by supporting the <a href="/wiki/Agudat_Israel_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Agudat Israel of Israel">Agudat Israel of Israel</a> political party, promoting <a href="/wiki/Haredi_Judaism" title="Haredi Judaism">Haredi Judaism</a> in the Israeli <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> (parliament). He reached an accommodation with non-Hasidic <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazic_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkenazic Judaism">Ashkenazi</a> Haredi rabbis, in particular with <a href="/wiki/Elazar_Shach" title="Elazar Shach">Elazar Shach</a>, leader of the rival <a href="/wiki/Degel_HaTorah" title="Degel HaTorah">Degel HaTorah</a> party. Together, they created the <a href="/wiki/United_Torah_Judaism" title="United Torah Judaism">United Torah Judaism</a> (<i>Yahadut HaTorah</i>) party in order not to lose residual votes in the Israeli <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> system, and thereby potentially obtain an extra seat for the newly united party in Knesset elections. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_burial">Death and burial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinchas_Menachem_Alter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Death and burial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Imrei_Emes_and_Pnei_Menachem_graves.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Imrei_Emes_and_Pnei_Menachem_graves.jpg/250px-Imrei_Emes_and_Pnei_Menachem_graves.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Imrei_Emes_and_Pnei_Menachem_graves.jpg/375px-Imrei_Emes_and_Pnei_Menachem_graves.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Imrei_Emes_and_Pnei_Menachem_graves.jpg/500px-Imrei_Emes_and_Pnei_Menachem_graves.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Graves of Alter (left) and <a href="/wiki/Avraham_Mordechai_Alter" title="Avraham Mordechai Alter">his father</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Visitation_stones" title="Visitation stones">visitation stones</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Alter died in 1996 and was buried beside his father in the courtyard of the Sfas Emes Yeshiva. Unlike his father's grave, which was dug by hand under the cover of darkness during the British curfew in 1948, his grave was dug with machinery and is therefore lower than his father's.<sup id="cite_ref-frank_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frank-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A red-brick <a href="/wiki/Ohel_(grave)" title="Ohel (grave)">ohel</a> (tomb) was built over the two graves, which are visited frequently by students in the yeshiva.<sup id="cite_ref-frank_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frank-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was succeeded as rebbe by his nephew, <a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Aryeh_Alter" title="Yaakov Aryeh Alter">Yaakov Aryeh Alter</a>, son of Simcha Bunim Alter. </p><p>In 2019 his son <a href="/wiki/Shaul_Alter" title="Shaul Alter">Shaul Alter</a> formed his own followership of Ger Chasidim called <a href="/wiki/Ger_(Hasidic_dynasty)#Kehilas_Pnei_Menachem" title="Ger (Hasidic dynasty)">Kehilas Pnei Menachem</a> which is independent of the greater Ger sect.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinchas_Menachem_Alter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEinai2021" class="citation web cs1">Einai, Gal (22 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inner.org/spiritual-masters/the-pnei-menachem-of-gur-healing-with-words">"The Pnei Menachem of Gur: Healing with Words"</a>. <i>GalEinai - Revealing the Torah's Inner Dimension</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GalEinai+-+Revealing+the+Torah%27s+Inner+Dimension&rft.atitle=The+Pnei+Menachem+of+Gur%3A+Healing+with+Words&rft.date=2021-02-22&rft.aulast=Einai&rft.aufirst=Gal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inner.org%2Fspiritual-masters%2Fthe-pnei-menachem-of-gur-healing-with-words&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APinchas+Menachem+Alter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDov2024" class="citation news cs1">Dov, Yehuda (16 June 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vinnews.com/2024/06/16/rebbetzin-tzipora-alter-wife-of-pnei-menachem-passes-away-at-age-98/">"Rebbetzin Tzipora Alter, Wife Of Pnei Menachem, Passes Away At Age 98 - VINnews"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rebbetzin+Tzipora+Alter%2C+Wife+Of+Pnei+Menachem%2C+Passes+Away+At+Age+98+-+VINnews&rft.date=2024-06-16&rft.aulast=Dov&rft.aufirst=Yehuda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvinnews.com%2F2024%2F06%2F16%2Frebbetzin-tzipora-alter-wife-of-pnei-menachem-passes-away-at-age-98%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APinchas+Menachem+Alter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-frank-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-frank_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-frank_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Frankfurter, Rabbi Yitzchok. "A Riveting Visit to the Historic Home of the Pnei Menachem of Ger <i>zt"l</i>". <i><a href="/wiki/Ami_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ami (magazine)">Ami</a></i>, February 17, 2016, pp. 60-73.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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Alter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pinchas Menachem Alter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Aryeh_Alter" title="Yaakov Aryeh Alter">Yaakov Aryeh Alter</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sfas_Emes_Yeshiva" title="Sfas Emes Yeshiva">Sfas Emes Yeshiva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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