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href="/web/20130126003334/http://www.hrw.org/es/news/2012/09/24/carta-la-canciller-patricia-espinosa-gobierno-de-rusia-promueve-resoluci-n-que-limit" title="Carta a la Canciller Patricia Espinosa: Gobierno de Rusia promueve resolución que limita DDHH">Carta a la Canciller Patricia Espinosa: Gobierno de Rusia promueve resolución que limita DDHH</a> </h6> </div> <div class="info"> <div class="meta date"> <span class="created">24 de Septiembre de 2012</span> </div> </div> <div class="content clear-block filter-text"> <div class="widget-links"><ul class="widget-list"><li class="service-links-twitter-widget first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126003334/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fes%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F24%2Fcarta-la-canciller-patricia-espinosa-gobierno-de-rusia-promueve-resoluci-n-que-limit&count=horizontal&via=&text=Carta%20a%20la%20Canciller%20Patricia%20Espinosa%3A%20Gobierno%20de%20Rusia%20promueve%20resoluci%C3%B3n%20que%20limita%20DDHH&counturl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fes%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F24%2Fcarta-la-canciller-patricia-espinosa-gobierno-de-rusia-promueve-resoluci-n-que-limit" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Tweet Widget</span></a></li> <li class="service-links-facebook-like"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126003334/http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fes%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F24%2Fcarta-la-canciller-patricia-espinosa-gobierno-de-rusia-promueve-resoluci-n-que-limit&layout=button_count&show_faces=false&action=like&colorscheme=light&width=90&height=21&font=&locale=" title="I Like it" class="service-links-facebook-like" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Facebook Like</span></a></li> <li class="service-links-printmail last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126003334/http://www.hrw.org/es/printmail/news/2012/09/24/carta-la-canciller-patricia-espinosa-gobierno-de-rusia-promueve-resoluci-n-que-limit" title="Send to a friend" class="service-links-printmail" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130126003334im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/icons/mail.png" width="21" height="22"/> Email</a></li> </ul></div><div class="node-body"><p>WashingtonDC, 24 de septiembre de 2012</p> <div> Excma. Canciller Patricia Espinosa</div> <div> Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores</div> <div> México DF, MEXICO</div> <p> </p> <p>De nuestra mayor consideración,</p> <p>Tenemos el honor de dirigirnos a V.E. con el propósito de exhortar a su ilustrado gobierno a oponerse a la adopción del proyecto de resolución A/HRC/21/L.2 denominado “Promoción de los derechos humanos y las libertades fundamentales mediante un mejor entendimiento de los valores tradicionales de la humanidad”, propuesta por la Federación Rusa ante el Consejo de Derechos Humanos de la ONU, que se encuentra actualmente en sesiones. Esta resolución atenta contra principios jurídicos de derechos humanos ya consagrados, en particular aquellos sobre universalidad y derechos de la mujer, al legitimar una serie de nociones de relativismo cultural.</p> <p>En los últimos años, las autoridades rusas han fomentado políticas para lograr que la sociedad de ese país ajuste su modo de vida a los llamados valores tradicionales, en algunos casos, de un modo que vulnera principios básicos de derechos humanos. Rusia intenta ahora exportar a la ONU una concepción restrictiva de los derechos humanos, impulsando una resolución que promueve la idea de que los valores tradicionales son positivos por sí mismos y constituyen la base que sustenta a los derechos humanos.</p> <p>El simple hecho de que algo se considere una “tradición” o esté basado en valores tradicionales no implica que sea necesariamente positivo ni tampoco opuesto a los derechos humanos. Sin embargo, el marco jurídico internacional de los derechos humanos ha rechazado desde un principio la idea de que cuando una práctica es tradicional o está basada en valores tradicionales esto sea suficiente para considerar que pueda prevalecer por sobre los estándares internacionales de derechos humanos. Lamentablemente, algunas “tradiciones” y “valores tradicionales” han sido invocados en todo el mundo a lo largo de la historia para justificar un amplio espectro de violaciones de derechos humanos, como la violencia familiar, las violaciones dentro del matrimonio, la mutilación genital femenina, la discriminación por castas y la violencia contra minorías en general. Rusia se muestra decidida a re-conceptualizar los derechos humanos en torno a nociones sobre tradición, a través de resoluciones cuidadosamente redactadas que, si bien pueden parecer inocuas, de ser aprobadas redundarían en un debilitamiento de los estándares de derechos humanos, al elevar el concepto de valores tradicionales a la categoría de principio fundamental. El Consejo de Derechos Humanos debe repudiar estas iniciativas, en tanto podrían legitimar el concepto de relativismo cultural y, fundamentalmente, prácticas abusivas.</p> <p>Un informe preliminar elaborado por el Comité Asesor del Consejo de Derechos Humanos de la ONU a instancias de este último, refleja la amplia preocupación que generó el uso indebido del concepto de valores tradicionales como límite a los derechos humanos. Sin embargo, la discusión de dicho informe en el Consejo de Derechos Humanos, programada inicialmente para la sesión en curso, fue postergada a pedido de Rusia, que simultáneamente propuso otra resolución en la cual solicitaba que se efectuara un nuevo estudio.</p> <p>El mencionado informe preliminar concluyó que no existe una definición de consenso del término empleado por la Federación Rusa sobre “valores tradicionales de la humanidad” y que “el debate sobre la relación entre los valores tradicionales y los derechos humanos dejó de manifiesto que existen opiniones contrapuestas”. El informe del Comité Asesor advierte sobre las consecuencias negativas que representan los llamados valores tradicionales para la vigencia universal de los derechos humanos y señala, entre otras cosas, que “algunas prácticas y actitudes contrarias a la dignidad humana tienen su origen en valores tradicionales”, como la violencia familiar, la violación dentro del matrimonio, el matrimonio forzado y la mutilación genital femenina.</p> <p>Durante la actual sesión, los miembros del Consejo deben rechazar el pedido de Rusia de que se elabore un nuevo estudio, debido a que Rusia impidió que el Consejo discutiera estos conceptos, al postergar la consideración del informe del Comité Asesor. Durante las consultas informales sobre la resolución propuesta por Rusia, varias delegaciones expresaron su preocupación ante el enfoque adoptado por este país. Sin embargo, Rusia ignoró  las críticas y exigió que no se continuara el debate de la resolución antes de la adopción del texto.</p> <p>Por consiguiente, instamos al ilustrado gobierno de México a rechazar el proyecto de resolución propuesto por Rusia, dado que el concepto que pretende instalar se presta a interpretaciones peligrosas que atentan contra los estándares y garantías básicas y universales de derechos humanos.</p> <p>Aprovechamos la oportunidad para expresarle los sentimientos de nuestra más alta consideración y estima.</p> <p> </p> <div> José Miguel Vivanco                                                   Juliette de Rivero</div> <div> Director para las Américas                                        Directora de HRW en Ginebra</div> <p> </p> </div><div class="service-links"><div class="service-label">Share </div><ul class="links"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a 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