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skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Уикипедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-bg.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Свободната енциклопедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-bg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Търсене</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Търсене в Уикипедия" aria-label="Търсене в Уикипедия" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специални:Търсене"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Търсене</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични инструменти"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-История" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#История"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>История</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-История-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Важни_характеристики" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Важни_характеристики"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Важни характеристики</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Важни_характеристики-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Разлики_между_химични_съединения_и_смеси" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Разлики_между_химични_съединения_и_смеси"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Разлики между химични съединения и смеси</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Разлики_между_химични_съединения_и_смеси-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Химична_формула" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Химична_формула"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Химична формула</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Химична_формула-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Видове_химични_съединения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Видове_химични_съединения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Видове химични съединения</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Видове_химични_съединения-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Видове химични съединения</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Видове_химични_съединения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Органични_съединения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Органични_съединения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Органични съединения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Органични_съединения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Изключения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Изключения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Изключения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Изключения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Карбонати" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Карбонати"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.1</span> <span>Карбонати</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Карбонати-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Карбиди" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Карбиди"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.2</span> <span>Карбиди</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Карбиди-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Въглеродни_оксиди" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Въглеродни_оксиди"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.3</span> <span>Въглеродни оксиди</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Въглеродни_оксиди-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Цианиди_и_Цианови_производни" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Цианиди_и_Цианови_производни"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.4</span> <span>Цианиди и Цианови производни</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Цианиди_и_Цианови_производни-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Полуорганични_киселини" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Полуорганични_киселини"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.5</span> <span>Полуорганични киселини</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Полуорганични_киселини-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Синилна_киселина" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-5"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Синилна_киселина"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.5.1</span> <span>Синилна киселина</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Синилна_киселина-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Въглеродна_киселина" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-5"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Въглеродна_киселина"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.5.2</span> <span>Въглеродна киселина</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Въглеродна_киселина-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Киселинни_аниони_от_оксивъглерод" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-5"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Киселинни_аниони_от_оксивъглерод"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1.5.3</span> <span>Киселинни аниони от оксивъглерод</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Киселинни_аниони_от_оксивъглерод-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Алифатни_или_мастни_съединения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Алифатни_или_мастни_съединения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Алифатни или мастни съединения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Алифатни_или_мастни_съединения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ароматни_съединения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ароматни_съединения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Ароматни съединения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ароматни_съединения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Въглеводороди" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Въглеводороди"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4</span> <span>Въглеводороди</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Въглеводороди-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Алкани" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Алкани"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4.1</span> <span>Алкани</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Алкани-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Алкени" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Алкени"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4.2</span> <span>Алкени</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Алкени-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Алкини" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Алкини"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4.3</span> <span>Алкини</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Алкини-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Функционални_групи" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Функционални_групи"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.5</span> <span>Функционални групи</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Функционални_групи-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хомоложни_редове" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хомоложни_редове"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.6</span> <span>Хомоложни редове</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хомоложни_редове-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Наситени_съединения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Наситени_съединения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.7</span> <span>Наситени съединения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Наситени_съединения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ненаситени_съединения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ненаситени_съединения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.8</span> <span>Ненаситени съединения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ненаситени_съединения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Неорганични" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Неорганични"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Неорганични</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Неорганични-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Соли_и_други_неорганични_съединения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Соли_и_други_неорганични_съединения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Соли и други неорганични съединения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Соли_и_други_неорганични_съединения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Киселини" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Киселини"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Киселини</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Киселини-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Основи" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Основи"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.3</span> <span>Основи</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Основи-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Редки_съединения" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Редки_съединения"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.4</span> <span>Редки съединения</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Редки_съединения-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Вижте_също" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Вижте_също"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Вижте също</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Вижте_също-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Външни_препратки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Външни_препратки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Външни препратки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Външни_препратки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Химично съединение</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 135 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-135" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">135 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiese_verbinding" title="Chemiese verbinding – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chemiese verbinding" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_Verbindung" title="Chemische Verbindung – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Chemische Verbindung" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compuesto_quimico" title="Compuesto quimico – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Compuesto quimico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="यौगिक – ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="यौगिक" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A8_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="مركب كيميائي – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مركب كيميائي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A8_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A" title="مركب كيماوي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="مركب كيماوي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A8_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%89" title="مركب كيماوى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مركب كيماوى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%97" title="ৰাসায়নিক যৌগ – асамски" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰাসায়নিক যৌগ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compuestu_qu%C3%ADmicu" title="Compuestu químicu – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Compuestu químicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimy%C9%99vi_birl%C9%99%C5%9Fm%C9%99" title="Kimyəvi birləşmə – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kimyəvi birləşmə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%87" title="شیمیایی بیرلشمه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شیمیایی بیرلشمه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D2%A1%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Химик ҡушылмалар – башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Химик ҡушылмалар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kem%C4%97nis_jong%C4%97n%C4%ABs" title="Kemėnis jongėnīs – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kemėnis jongėnīs" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompwestong_kimikal" title="Kompwestong kimikal – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kompwestong kimikal" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Хімічнае злучэнне – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хімічнае злучэнне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Хімічнае злучэньне – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хімічнае злучэньне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%BC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%BD%E1%80%89%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဒြပ်ခြွဉ်း – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဒြပ်ခြွဉ်း" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%97" title="রাসায়নিক যৌগ – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাসায়নিক যৌগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijski_spoj" title="Hemijski spoj – босненски" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hemijski spoj" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босненски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compost_qu%C3%ADmic" title="Compost químic – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Compost químic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C3%A1-h%C4%83k-%C5%ADk" title="Huá-hăk-ŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Huá-hăk-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompuwesto" title="Kompuwesto – себуански" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kompuwesto" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8E%D8%AA%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ئاوێتەی کیمیایی – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاوێتەی کیمیایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_slou%C4%8Denina" title="Chemická sloučenina – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chemická sloučenina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BF%C4%95%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88%D3%B3" title="Химилле пĕрлешӳ – чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Химилле пĕрлешӳ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyfansoddyn_cemegol" title="Cyfansoddyn cemegol – уелски" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyfansoddyn cemegol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уелски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisk_forbindelse" title="Kemisk forbindelse – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kemisk forbindelse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_Verbindung" title="Chemische Verbindung – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chemische Verbindung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiska_w%C4%9Bzba" title="Chemiska wězba – долнолужишки" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Chemiska wězba" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="долнолужишки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Χημική ένωση – гръцки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημική ένωση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="гръцки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compound" title="Chemical compound – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemical compound" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia_kombina%C4%B5o" title="Kemia kombinaĵo – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kemia kombinaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compuesto_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Compuesto químico – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Compuesto químico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemiline_%C3%BChend" title="Keemiline ühend – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keemiline ühend" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konposatu_kimiko" title="Konposatu kimiko – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Konposatu kimiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ترکیب شیمیایی – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ترکیب شیمیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdiste" title="Yhdiste – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdiste" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liitollus" title="Liitollus – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Liitollus" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wainimate_vakatautauvatataki" title="Wainimate vakatautauvatataki – фиджийски" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Wainimate vakatautauvatataki" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evnasambinding" title="Evnasambinding – фарьорски" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Evnasambinding" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарьорски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compos%C3%A9_chimique" title="Composé chimique – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Composé chimique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheemisk_ferbinjang" title="Cheemisk ferbinjang – северен фризийски" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Cheemisk ferbinjang" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северен фризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comhdh%C3%BAil_cheimiceach" title="Comhdhúil cheimiceach – ирландски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Comhdhúil cheimiceach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompoz%C3%A9_chimik" title="Kompozé chimik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kompozé chimik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-th%C3%A0thadh" title="Co-thàthadh – шотландски келтски" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Co-thàthadh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландски келтски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composto_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Composto químico – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Composto químico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-vunstoo" title="Co-vunstoo – манкски" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Co-vunstoo" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="манкски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%91%D7%AA" title="תרכובת – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תרכובת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="रासायनिक यौगिक – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रासायनिक यौगिक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compound" title="Chemical compound – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chemical compound" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemijski_spojevi" title="Kemijski spojevi – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemijski spojevi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiska_wjazba" title="Chemiska wjazba – горнолужишки" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Chemiska wjazba" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="горнолужишки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konpoze" title="Konpoze – хаитянски креолски" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Konpoze" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="хаитянски креолски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegy%C3%BClet" title="Vegyület – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vegyület" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Քիմիական միացություններ – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քիմիական միացություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composito_chimic" title="Composito chimic – интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Composito chimic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senyawa_kimia" title="Senyawa kimia – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Senyawa kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemiala_kompozuro" title="Kemiala kompozuro – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kemiala kompozuro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efnasamband" title="Efnasamband – исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Efnasamband" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composto_chimico" title="Composto chimico – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Composto chimico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="化合物 – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="化合物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimikal_kompoun" title="Kimikal kompoun – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kimikal kompoun" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xukmi_veljmina" title="xukmi veljmina – ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xukmi veljmina" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senyawa_Kimia" title="Senyawa Kimia – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Senyawa Kimia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="რთული ნივთიერება – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რთული ნივთიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uddis_akruran" title="Uddis akruran – кабилски" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Uddis akruran" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kp%C9%9Bl%C9%A9kp%C9%9Bl%C9%9Bk%CA%8B%CA%8B_wonuu" title="Kpɛlɩkpɛlɛkʋʋ wonuu – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kpɛlɩkpɛlɛkʋʋ wonuu" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Химиялық қосылыстар – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Химиялық қосылыстар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4" title="ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%A9%EB%AC%BC" title="화합물 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화합물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8E%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8F%D8%AA" title="رساێن سمُت – кашмирски" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="رساێن سمُت" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compositum_chemicum" title="Compositum chemicum – латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Compositum chemicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumpost_chimigh" title="Cumpost chimigh – ломбардски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cumpost chimigh" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminis_junginys" title="Cheminis junginys – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cheminis junginys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmiskais_savienojums" title="Ķīmiskais savienojums – латвийски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ķīmiskais savienojums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senyawa_kimia" title="Senyawa kimia – минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Senyawa kimia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Хемиско соединение – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хемиско соединение" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="സംയുക്തം – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സംയുക്തം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Химийн нэгдэл – монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Химийн нэгдэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87" title="संयुगे – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="संयुगे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebatian_kimia" title="Sebatian kimia – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sebatian kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%BC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဒြပ်ပေါင်း – бирмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒြပ်ပေါင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирмански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheemsch_Verbinnen" title="Cheemsch Verbinnen – долнонемски" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Cheemsch Verbinnen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="долнонемски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="रासायनिक यौगिक – непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रासायनिक यौगिक" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samengestelde_stof" title="Samengestelde stof – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Samengestelde stof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemisk_sambinding" title="Kjemisk sambinding – норвежки (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kjemisk sambinding" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежки (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemisk_forbindelse" title="Kjemisk forbindelse – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjemisk forbindelse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compausat_quimic" title="Compausat quimic – окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Compausat quimic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompaawundii_keemikaalaa" title="Kompaawundii keemikaalaa – оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kompaawundii keemikaalaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Химион иугонд – осетински" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Химион иугонд" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97" title="ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਯੋਗ – пенджабски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਯੋਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwi%C4%85zek_chemiczny" title="Związek chemiczny – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Związek chemiczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A8" title="کیمیائی مرکب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیمیائی مرکب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A8" title="کیمیاوي مرکب – пущу" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کیمیاوي مرکب" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пущу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composto_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Composto químico – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Composto químico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%27inkisqa" title="T'inkisqa – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="T'inkisqa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compus_chimic" title="Compus chimic – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Compus chimic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Химическое соединение – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Химическое соединение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Хемічна злученина – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хемічна злученина" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83" title="रासायनिक संयोगः – санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रासायनिक संयोगः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D2%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Химия холбоһуга – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Химия холбоһуга" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%AA%D8%A8" title="ڪيميائي مرڪب – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪيميائي مرڪب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijsko_jedinjenje" title="Hemijsko jedinjenje – сърбохърватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hemijsko jedinjenje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сърбохърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%9C" title="රසායනික සංයෝග – синхалски" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රසායනික සංයෝග" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compound" title="Chemical compound – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chemical compound" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_zl%C3%BA%C4%8Denina" title="Chemická zlúčenina – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chemická zlúčenina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spojina" title="Spojina – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Spojina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isku_dhis" title="Isku dhis – сомалийски" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Isku dhis" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомалийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ABrb%C3%ABrja_kimike" title="Përbërja kimike – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Përbërja kimike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Хемијско једињење – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хемијско једињење" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanyawa_kimia" title="Sanyawa kimia – сундански" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sanyawa kimia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisk_f%C3%B6rening" title="Kemisk förening – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kemisk förening" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampaundi" title="Kampaundi – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kampaundi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வேதிச் சேர்மம் – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வேதிச் சேர்மம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B3%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="రసాయన సమ్మేళనం – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రసాయన సమ్మేళనం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91%D3%A3" title="Пайвастҳои кимиёӣ – таджикски" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пайвастҳои кимиёӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A" title="สารประกอบ – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สารประกอบ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompuwesto" title="Kompuwesto – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kompuwesto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile%C5%9Fik" title="Bileşik – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bileşik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Химик кушылмалар – татарски" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Химик кушылмалар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Химиктиг каттыжыышкын – тувински" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Химиктиг каттыжыышкын" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тувински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хімічна сполука – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хімічна сполука" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A8" title="کیمیائی مرکب – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیمیائی مرکب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyoviy_birikma" title="Kimyoviy birikma – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kimyoviy birikma" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himine_%C3%BChtnend" title="Himine ühtnend – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Himine ühtnend" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%A3p_ch%E1%BA%A5t" title="Hợp chất – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hợp chất" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumpuwesto_kimikal" title="Kumpuwesto kimikal – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kumpuwesto kimikal" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="化合物 – ву китайски" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="化合物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92" title="כעמישע פארבינדונג – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כעמישע פארבינדונג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80d%C3%A0p%E1%BB%8D%CC%80_k%E1%BA%B9%CC%81m%C3%ADk%C3%A0" title="Àdàpọ̀ kẹ́míkà – йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àdàpọ̀ kẹ́míkà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="化合物 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="化合物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="化合物 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="化合物" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B2a-ha%CC%8Dp-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Hòa-ha̍p-bu̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hòa-ha̍p-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="化合物 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="化合物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umxube" title="Umxube – зулуски" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umxube" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11173#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Преглед на основната страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статия</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" rel="discussion" title="Беседа за страницата [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Промяна на езиковия вариант" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">български</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Прегледи"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=history" title="Предишни версии на страницата [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Инструменти" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Допълнителни опции" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12144718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-lua{width:22em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data-only,.mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox-above{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-navbar{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-italic-title{display:none}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;margin:-5px 0;border:0;border-spacing:0 5px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox th.onlysubbox,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td.onlysubbox{padding:0!important}</style><table class="infobox infobox-lua"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:2006-02-13_Drop-impact.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2006-02-13_Drop-impact.jpg/250px-2006-02-13_Drop-impact.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2006-02-13_Drop-impact.jpg/375px-2006-02-13_Drop-impact.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2006-02-13_Drop-impact.jpg/500px-2006-02-13_Drop-impact.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1556" data-file-height="1504" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Water-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Water-3D-balls.png/130px-Water-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Water-3D-balls.png/195px-Water-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Water-3D-balls.png/260px-Water-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="747" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only">Чистата (без примеси) <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a> (H<sub>2</sub>O) е пример за химично съединение: моделът на молекулата показва пространствето разпределение на двете части <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">водород</a> (бяло) и едната част <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислород</a> (червено)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Salt_white_Wieliczka_salt_mineA-580_IMG_4660.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Salt_white_Wieliczka_salt_mineA-580_IMG_4660.jpg/250px-Salt_white_Wieliczka_salt_mineA-580_IMG_4660.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Salt_white_Wieliczka_salt_mineA-580_IMG_4660.jpg/375px-Salt_white_Wieliczka_salt_mineA-580_IMG_4660.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Salt_white_Wieliczka_salt_mineA-580_IMG_4660.jpg/500px-Salt_white_Wieliczka_salt_mineA-580_IMG_4660.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3032" data-file-height="2043" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:NaCl_crystal_structure.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/NaCl_crystal_structure.png/130px-NaCl_crystal_structure.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/NaCl_crystal_structure.png/195px-NaCl_crystal_structure.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/NaCl_crystal_structure.png/260px-NaCl_crystal_structure.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="803" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only">Кристал на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Сол">солта</a> и структура</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pyrite-49064.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pyrite-49064.jpg/250px-Pyrite-49064.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pyrite-49064.jpg/375px-Pyrite-49064.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pyrite-49064.jpg/500px-Pyrite-49064.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="570" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:FeS2structure.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/FeS2structure.png/130px-FeS2structure.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/FeS2structure.png/195px-FeS2structure.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/FeS2structure.png/260px-FeS2structure.png 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="623" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Пирит">Пирит</a> и неговата структура</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><b class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemical_compounds?uselang=bg">Химично съединение</a></b> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Химичното съединение</b> е сложно <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Химично вещество">химично вещество</a>, съставено от идентични молекули на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Атоми">атоми</a> на два или повече <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химичен елемент">химични елемента</a>, свързани помежду си с <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Химична връзка">химични връзки</a> и имащи определени химични свойства. В химичното съединение връзката се осъществява посредством отдаването или приемането на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон">електрони</a>, броят на които зависи от <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Валентност">валентността</a> на елементите, които участват в химичната реакция.<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_p.6_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_p.6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hill_p.6_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hill_p.6-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whitten_p.15_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitten_p.15-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Химичните съединения могат да бъдат молекулярни съединения с ковалентни връзки, соли с йонни връзки, интерметални съединения с метални връзки или по-сложни химични комплекси от координирани ковалентни връзки. Могат да бъдат разделени на по-прости вещества с помощта на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химична реакция">химични реакции</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilbraham_p.36_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilbraham_p.36-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Те имат строго определена и постоянна структура като атомите са в определена пропорция помежду си.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitten_p.15_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitten_p.15-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Когато атоми на два или повече химични елемента си взаимодействат и се свържат химично в определени тегловни съотношения, те образуват химично съединение. Така например атомите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сяра">сярата</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Желязо">желязото</a> когато са нагрети, си взаимодействат и се получава ново вещество наречено <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Железен сулфид">железен сулфид</a>. </p><p>Химичната формула определя броя на атомите на всеки елемент в съставната молекула, като се използват стандартните съкращения за химичните елементи и числов индекс. Например молекулата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">водата</a> има формула H<sub>2</sub>O, обозначаваща два <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">водородни</a> атома, свързани към един <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислороден</a> атом. Много химически съединения имат уникален идентификатор <a href="/wiki/CAS_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="CAS регистрационен номер">CAS номер</a>, определен от Химическатареферативна служба на САЩ. </p><p>Съществува променлива и понякога непоследователна номенклатура за разграничаване на веществата, които включват наистина нестехиометрични примери за химични съединения и които изискват да се определят пропорциите. Много твърди вещества, например <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Силикати">силикатните минерали</a>, нямат прости формули, които отразяват химичното свързване на елементите един с друг във фиксирани пропорции. Въпреки това, тези кристални вещества често се наричат нестехиометрични съединения. Променливостта в съставите им често се дължи на наличието на чужди елементи, захванати в кристалната структура на истинското химично съединение или поради нарушения в структурата му, което възниква поради излишък или дефицит на съставните елементи на места. Такива нестехиометрични вещества съставляват по-голямата част от <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Земната кора">земната кора</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Земната мантия">земната мантия</a>. Други химически съединения могат да имат различно количество тежки или леки изотопи на съставните елементи, което леко променя съотношението на масите на елементите. </p><p>Химични вещества, които са съставени от молекули с два или повече атома на един и същ елемент не се считат за химични съединения (например H<sub>2</sub>, S<sub>8</sub>).<sup id="cite_ref-Halal_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Halal-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="История"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>История</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: История" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: История"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>За формулирането на концепцията за химично съединение е важен законът за постоянния състав, открит от <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82" title="Жозеф Пруст">Жозеф Пруст</a> през <a href="/wiki/1799" title="1799">1799</a> г.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Този закон гласи, че независимо как е получено определено съединение, то винаги се състои от едни и същи химични елементи и съотношението на масите на тези елементи се изразява в малки цели числа. Няколко години по-късно, през <a href="/wiki/1803" title="1803">1803</a> г. <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Джон Далтон">Джон Далтон</a> формулира <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Закон за кратните отношения">закона за кратните отношения</a>, според който в случай, когато две съединения могат да се образуват от определени елементи, масата на първия се съчетава с масите на другите така, че тяхното отношение е цяло число.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Тези две твърдения подготвят пътя за разбиране на атомната структура на материята. Концепцията за химична структурна формула е въведена през 1850 г. от немския химик <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Фридрих Август Кекуле">Фридрих Август Кекуле</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Важни_характеристики"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B0.D0.B6.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Важни характеристики</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Важни характеристики" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Важни характеристики"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Химичните съединения имат няколко елементарни, но съществени характеристики. Химичните елементи в едно химично съединение съществуват в постоянна и определена пропорция. Така например 2 атома <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">водород</a> и един атом <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислород</a> формират една молекула <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a>. </p><p>Химичните съединения имат определен набор от физични и химични свойства. Отделните елементи, които съставят съединението, не запазват свойствата си. Например водородът и кислородът са газове, а в съотношение 2:1 образуват вода, която е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Течност">течност</a> със съвсем нови свойства и характеристики. Химичните елементи в дадено съединение не могат да бъдат разделени с помощта на физични средства. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Разлики_между_химични_съединения_и_смеси"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.B6.D0.B4.D1.83_.D1.85.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.B8_.D1.81.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.B8"></span>Разлики между химични съединения и смеси</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Разлики между химични съединения и смеси" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Разлики между химични съединения и смеси"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Една от най-важните разлики между химично съединение и смес е, че отделните компоненти, отделните съставки на сместа могат да се разделят с обикновени, механични и физични средства като <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Филтър">филтриране</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Изпарение">изпарение</a>, употреба на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнит">магнит</a> и т.н., докато компонентите на химичното съединение могат да бъдат отделени само с помощта на химични реакции. </p><p>Друга характеристика са физичните и химични свойства, така например свойствата на смесите зависят от свойствата на отделните съставки, докато химичните съединения имат физични и химични свойства напълно различни от съставящите ги елементи. </p><p>Въпреки това някои смеси са толкова еднородни, че лесно могат да бъдат объркани със смеси. Пример за това са <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Сплав">сплавите</a>. Те се получават механично със смесването на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Метал">метали</a> в течно състояние (след загряване) и след това охлаждането им до получаване на еднородна смес. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Химична_формула"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.84.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BC.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B0"></span>Химична формула</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Редактиране на раздел: Химична формула" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Химична формула"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Химична формула">Химична формула</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Химиците описват химичните съединения като използват различни формули. Когато химичните съединения са молекулни, се показва химичната формула за една молекулна единица. За <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Полимер">полимери</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал">минерали</a> или <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Метал">метални</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Оксид">оксиди</a> се използва емпиричната формула като например NaCl за обикновената сол. </p><p>Елементите в химичната формула са записани обикновено в определен ред. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглерод">Въглеродните</a> атоми обикновено са първи, а <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">водородните</a> атоми следват веднага след това. Ако формулата не съдържа въглерод, другите химични елементи, включително водород, се записват в азбучен ред. Въпреки това има изключения от това правило. За йонните съединения положителният йон се записва пръв, а отрицателният на второ място. При оксидите, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислородът</a> се записва последен. Органичните киселини обикновено следват това правило с <b>C</b> и <b>H</b> в началото на формулата, например C<sub>2</sub>HF<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Въпреки това формулите на неорганичните киселини обикновено са изключения от това правило. Те започват с водород. Формулата за основа завършва с хидроксилната група (OH<sup>-</sup>). </p> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Crystal_kghostview.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Crystal_kghostview.png/40px-Crystal_kghostview.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Crystal_kghostview.png/60px-Crystal_kghostview.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Crystal_kghostview.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Тази статия се нуждае от вниманието на <b>редактор с по-задълбочени познания</b>.<br />Ако смятате, че имате необходимите знания, <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit"><b>подобрете</b></a> тази страница.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Видове_химични_съединения"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B5_.D1.85.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Видове химични съединения</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Редактиране на раздел: Видове химични съединения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Видове химични съединения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Органични_съединения"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Органични съединения</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Редактиране на раздел: Органични съединения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Органични съединения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Mercury-fulminate-3D-vdW.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Mercury-fulminate-3D-vdW.png/220px-Mercury-fulminate-3D-vdW.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Mercury-fulminate-3D-vdW.png/330px-Mercury-fulminate-3D-vdW.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Mercury-fulminate-3D-vdW.png/440px-Mercury-fulminate-3D-vdW.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="444" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Живачен фулминат">Живачен фулминат</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%89_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Гърмящ живак">гърмящ живак</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Buckminsterfullerene-3D-vdW.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Buckminsterfullerene-3D-vdW.png/220px-Buckminsterfullerene-3D-vdW.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Buckminsterfullerene-3D-vdW.png/330px-Buckminsterfullerene-3D-vdW.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Buckminsterfullerene-3D-vdW.png/440px-Buckminsterfullerene-3D-vdW.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бъкминстърфулерен">Бъкминстърфулерен</a>, просто вещество</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Hexamethylenetetramine-pov-rod.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hexamethylenetetramine-pov-rod.png/220px-Hexamethylenetetramine-pov-rod.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hexamethylenetetramine-pov-rod.png/330px-Hexamethylenetetramine-pov-rod.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hexamethylenetetramine-pov-rod.png/440px-Hexamethylenetetramine-pov-rod.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Структура на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Уротропин">уротропина</a></figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основни статии: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Органично съединение">Органично съединение</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Циклично съединение">Циклично съединение</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Органични съединения се наричат група от химични съединения, чиито молекули съдържат въглерод. По исторически причини, някои видове съединения, например <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Карбонат">карбонатите</a>, простите <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Оксид">оксиди</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглерод">въглерода</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Цианид">цианидите</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Карбид">карбидите</a>, както и алотропните форми на въглерода не се считат за органични, въпреки че съдържат въглерод. Основните класове са органичните химични съединения са <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Липид">липидите</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нуклеинова киселина">нуклеиновите киселини</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглеводород">въглеводородите</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Белтък">белтъците</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Изключения"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D0.BA.D0.BB.D1.8E.D1.87.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Изключения</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Редактиране на раздел: Изключения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Изключения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основни статии: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Карбонат">Карбонат</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Оксивъглерод (страницата не съществува)">Оксивъглерод</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглерод">Въглерод</a></i></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Карбонати"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B8"></span>Карбонати</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Редактиране на раздел: Карбонати" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Карбонати"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Карбонат">Карбонат</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Карбонати са <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Сол">солите</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Въглеродна киселина">въглеродната киселина</a>, включващи в състава си карбонатен анион, CO<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.4em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">2-<br />3</span>. С карбонат може да се обозначават и <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Естер">естери</a> на въглеродната киселина. Карбонатният йон е най-простият оксикарбонов анион. Състои се от един въглероден атом, заобиколен от три кислородни атома, в триъгълна равнинна подредба, с D3h молекулярна симетрия. Той има молекулна маса 60,01 g/mol и носи заряд от -2. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Карбиди"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B1.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B8"></span>Карбиди</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Редактиране на раздел: Карбиди" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Карбиди"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Карбид">Карбид</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Карбид</b> се наричат съединенията на въглерода с метали и неметали. В тесен смисъл терминът <i>карбид</i> се отнася до съединенията на въглерода с металите. От всички елементи само кислородът, сярата, азотът, флуорът, хлорът и бромът са по-електроотрицателни от въглерода и техните съединения са извън групата на карбидите. Карбидите могат да бъдат разделени на три групи: йонни, метални и ковалентни. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Въглеродни_оксиди"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.B3.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BE.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B8"></span>Въглеродни оксиди</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Редактиране на раздел: Въглеродни оксиди" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Въглеродни оксиди"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Въглеродният монооксид, наричан също въглероден оксид или с остарялото си название въглероден окис, е <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Газ">газ</a> без цвят и мирис, с <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Моларна маса">моларна маса</a> 28 g/mol (по-лек от <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85" class="mw-redirect" title="Въздух">въздуха</a>). Химичната му формула е CO. Той е продукт от непълното изгаряне на съдържащи <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглерод">въглерод</a> вещества при липса на достатъчно <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислород</a>, необходим за пълното окисление до <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Въглероден диоксид">въглероден диоксид</a> (CO<sub>2</sub>). </p><p>Въглеродният диоксид (остаряло<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> въглероден двуокис) е химично съединение, чиято молекула се състои от един атом въглерод и два атома кислород. Химичната формула на въглеродния диоксид е CO<sub>2</sub>. Той е газ без цвят и със специфична остра и задушлива миризма. Получава се като продукт при <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Дишане">дишането</a> на живите организми, както и при <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Горене">горенето</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Цианиди_и_Цианови_производни"><span id=".D0.A6.D0.B8.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B8_.D0.B8_.D0.A6.D0.B8.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.B8"></span>Цианиди и Цианови производни</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Редактиране на раздел: Цианиди и Цианови производни" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Цианиди и Цианови производни"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основни статии: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Цианид">Цианид</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цианат (страницата не съществува)">Цианат</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изоцианат (страницата не съществува)">Изоцианат</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тиоцианат (страницата не съществува)">Тиоцианат</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изотиоцианат (страницата не съществува)">Изотиоцианат</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фулминат (страницата не съществува)">Фулминат</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Цианидите са соли на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Циановодород">циановодородната</a> (синилна) киселина HCN, например NaCN (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Натриев цианид (страницата не съществува)">натриев цианид</a>), KCN (калиев цианид, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Цианкалий">цианкалий</a>). CN-група съдържат и други химични съединения, например <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нитрил (страницата не съществува)">нитрили</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Уретан (страницата не съществува)">уретани</a> и др. </p><p>Повечето видове цианиди са силно отровни.<sup id="cite_ref-CMC_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CMC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ефектът им върху живи организми е блокиране на клетъчното <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Дишане">дишане</a> (който ефект обаче е обратим в кратки срокове). Цианидите са <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Окислително-редукционни процеси">редуктори</a>, ползват се в бижутерията, при горещо <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Поцинковане">поцинковане</a> на металите. В България все още се използват на някои места, въпреки че се води дискусия за премахването му. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Полуорганични_киселини"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE.D0.BB.D1.83.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8"></span>Полуорганични киселини</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Редактиране на раздел: Полуорганични киселини" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Полуорганични киселини"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading6"><h6 id="Синилна_киселина"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Синилна киселина</h6><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Редактиране на раздел: Синилна киселина" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Синилна киселина"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Циановодородна киселина">Циановодородна киселина</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Циановодород</b> (циановодородна или синилна киселина) е неорганично химично съединение с химична формула HCN и представлява безцветна, силно летлива, лесноподвижна течност с характерен мирис. </p><p>Циановодородната киселина се съдържа в някои растения, коксов газ, цигарен дим, отделя се по време на термично разлагане на найлон, полиуретан. Смесва се във всякакви съотношения с вода, етанол, етилов етер. Молекулата му е силно полярна. </p><p>Циановодородът е силна отрова. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading6"><h6 id="Въглеродна_киселина"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.B3.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Въглеродна киселина</h6><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Редактиране на раздел: Въглеродна киселина" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Въглеродна киселина"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Въглеродна киселина">Въглеродна киселина</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Въглеродната киселина е химично съединение с химична формула H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. В природата въглеродна киселина се образува при разтварянето на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Въглероден диоксид">въглероден диоксид</a> във <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a>: <i>H<sub>2</sub>O+CO<sub>2</sub>->H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub></i>. При 20 °C един обем вода разтваря 0,88 обема СО<sub>2</sub>. Химичните връзки в молекулата на въглеродната киселина са ковалентни полярни. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading6"><h6 id="Киселинни_аниони_от_оксивъглерод"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BE.D1.82_.D0.BE.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.B2.D1.8A.D0.B3.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B4"></span>Киселинни аниони от оксивъглерод</h6><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Редактиране на раздел: Киселинни аниони от оксивъглерод" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Киселинни аниони от оксивъглерод"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <sup><i>Този раздел е празен или е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit">разширите</a>.</i></sup></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Алифатни_или_мастни_съединения"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.84.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B8_.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Алифатни или мастни съединения</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Редактиране на раздел: Алифатни или мастни съединения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Алифатни или мастни съединения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <sup><i>Този раздел е празен или е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit">разширите</a>.</i></sup></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Ethane-2D.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Етан"><img alt="Етан" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ethane-2D.png/120px-Ethane-2D.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ethane-2D.png/180px-Ethane-2D.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ethane-2D.png/240px-Ethane-2D.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="871" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Етан">Етан</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Ethene-2D-flat.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Етен"><img alt="Етен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Ethene-2D-flat.png/120px-Ethene-2D-flat.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Ethene-2D-flat.png/180px-Ethene-2D-flat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Ethene-2D-flat.png/240px-Ethene-2D-flat.png 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="971" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Етен">Етен</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ароматни_съединения"><span id=".D0.90.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Ароматни съединения</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Редактиране на раздел: Ароматни съединения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Ароматни съединения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <sup><i>Този раздел е празен или е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit">разширите</a>.</i></sup></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Benzene_circle.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Бензен"><img alt="Бензен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Benzene_circle.svg/105px-Benzene_circle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="105" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Benzene_circle.svg/158px-Benzene_circle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Benzene_circle.svg/211px-Benzene_circle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="583" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бензен">Бензен</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Toluene.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Толуен"><img alt="Толуен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Toluene.svg/80px-Toluene.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Toluene.svg/120px-Toluene.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Toluene.svg/160px-Toluene.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Толуен">Толуен</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Ethylbenzene-2D-skeletal.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Етилбензен"><img alt="Етилбензен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Ethylbenzene-2D-skeletal.png/120px-Ethylbenzene-2D-skeletal.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Ethylbenzene-2D-skeletal.png/180px-Ethylbenzene-2D-skeletal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Ethylbenzene-2D-skeletal.png/240px-Ethylbenzene-2D-skeletal.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="686" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Етилбензен (страницата не съществува)">Етилбензен</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Para-Xylol_-_para-xylene.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="p-Ксилен"><img alt="p-Ксилен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Para-Xylol_-_para-xylene.svg/120px-Para-Xylol_-_para-xylene.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Para-Xylol_-_para-xylene.svg/180px-Para-Xylol_-_para-xylene.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Para-Xylol_-_para-xylene.svg/240px-Para-Xylol_-_para-xylene.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="226" data-file-height="70" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=P-%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P-Ксилен (страницата не съществува)">p-Ксилен</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:M-Xylene.png" class="mw-file-description" title="m-Ксилен"><img alt="m-Ксилен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/M-Xylene.png/119px-M-Xylene.png" decoding="async" width="119" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/M-Xylene.png/178px-M-Xylene.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/M-Xylene.png 2x" data-file-width="237" data-file-height="239" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M-%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M-Ксилен (страницата не съществува)">m-Ксилен</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Мезтилен"><img alt="Мезтилен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/1%2C3%2C5-Trimethylbenzene.svg/120px-1%2C3%2C5-Trimethylbenzene.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/1%2C3%2C5-Trimethylbenzene.svg/180px-1%2C3%2C5-Trimethylbenzene.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/1%2C3%2C5-Trimethylbenzene.svg/240px-1%2C3%2C5-Trimethylbenzene.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="230" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мезтилен (страницата не съществува)">Мезтилен</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Durene.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Дурен"><img alt="Дурен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Durene.png/120px-Durene.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Durene.png/180px-Durene.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Durene.png/240px-Durene.png 2x" data-file-width="1686" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дурен (страницата не съществува)">Дурен</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:2-phenyl-hexane.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="2-Фенилхексан"><img alt="2-Фенилхексан" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/2-phenyl-hexane.svg/120px-2-phenyl-hexane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/2-phenyl-hexane.svg/180px-2-phenyl-hexane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/2-phenyl-hexane.svg/240px-2-phenyl-hexane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="260" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Фенилхексан (страницата не съществува)">2-Фенилхексан</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Bifenyl.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Бифенил"><img alt="Бифенил" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Bifenyl.svg/120px-Bifenyl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Bifenyl.svg/180px-Bifenyl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Bifenyl.svg/240px-Bifenyl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1032" data-file-height="369" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бифенил (страницата не съществува)">Бифенил</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Phenol_topo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Фенол"><img alt="Фенол" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Phenol_topo.svg/70px-Phenol_topo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Phenol_topo.svg/105px-Phenol_topo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Phenol_topo.svg/140px-Phenol_topo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="475" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Фенол">Фенол</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Aniline.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Анилин"><img alt="Анилин" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Aniline.svg/79px-Aniline.svg.png" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Aniline.svg/119px-Aniline.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Aniline.svg/158px-Aniline.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="569" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Анилин">Анилин</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nitrobenzol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Нитробензен"><img alt="Нитробензен" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Nitrobenzol.svg/73px-Nitrobenzol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Nitrobenzol.svg/109px-Nitrobenzol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Nitrobenzol.svg/146px-Nitrobenzol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="92" data-file-height="151" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Нитробензен">Нитробензен</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Benzoic_acid.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Бензенова киселина"><img alt="Бензенова киселина" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Benzoic_acid.svg/120px-Benzoic_acid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Benzoic_acid.svg/180px-Benzoic_acid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Benzoic_acid.svg/240px-Benzoic_acid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="570" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Бензенова киселина">Бензенова киселина</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Aspirin-skeletal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Аспирин"><img alt="Аспирин" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aspirin-skeletal.svg/120px-Aspirin-skeletal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aspirin-skeletal.svg/180px-Aspirin-skeletal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aspirin-skeletal.svg/240px-Aspirin-skeletal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="279" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Аспирин">Аспирин</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Paracetamol-skeletal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Парацетамол"><img alt="Парацетамол" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Paracetamol-skeletal.svg/120px-Paracetamol-skeletal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Paracetamol-skeletal.svg/180px-Paracetamol-skeletal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Paracetamol-skeletal.svg/240px-Paracetamol-skeletal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="232" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Парацетамол">Парацетамол</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pikrins%C3%A4ure.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Пикринова киселина"><img alt="Пикринова киселина" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pikrins%C3%A4ure.svg/120px-Pikrins%C3%A4ure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pikrins%C3%A4ure.svg/180px-Pikrins%C3%A4ure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Pikrins%C3%A4ure.svg/240px-Pikrins%C3%A4ure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="211" data-file-height="181" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Пикринова киселина">Пикринова киселина</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Въглеводороди"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.B3.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B8"></span>Въглеводороди</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Редактиране на раздел: Въглеводороди" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Въглеводороди"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглеводород">Въглеводород</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Въглеводородите са основен клас <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Органична химия">органични съединения</a>. Почти всички други органични вещества могат да се разглеждат като производни на въглеводородите. По <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия">химичен</a> състав те са най-простите органични съединения, тъй като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула">молекулите</a> им са изградени само от <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглерод">въглеродни</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">водородни</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом">атоми</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Алкани"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BB.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8"></span>Алкани</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Редактиране на раздел: Алкани" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Алкани"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Алкан">Алкан</a></i></div></dd></dl> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <sup><i>Този раздел е празен или е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit">разширите</a>.</i></sup></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><b>Алкани</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Наименование</th> <th>Химична формула </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Метан">Метан</a></td> <td>CH<sub>4</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Етан">Етан</a></td> <td>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Пропан">Пропан</a></td> <td>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD)" title="Бутан (алкан)">Бутан</a></td> <td>C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Пентан">Пентан</a></td> <td>C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хексан">Хексан</a></td> <td>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хептан">Хептан</a></td> <td>C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Октан">Октан</a></td> <td>C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Нонан">Нонан</a></td> <td>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>20</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Декан (въглеводород)">Декан</a></td> <td>C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>22</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Обща формула</b></td> <td>C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n + 2</sub>* </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Алкени"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BB.D0.BA.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8"></span>Алкени</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Редактиране на раздел: Алкени" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Алкени"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Алкен">Алкен</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Алкените</b> са хомоложен ред от ненаситени въглеводороди с обща формула CnH2n. Съдържат една двойна връзка между въглеродните атоми в молекулата си. Висшите членове на реда имат изомери. </p><p>Наименованията на видовете алкени завършват на <i>-ен</i>, например <i>етен</i>, <i>пропен</i>, <i>бутен</i>. Алкените още се наричат <b>олефини</b> (по-остарял синоним, широко използван в петролната промишленост). </p> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <sup><i>Този раздел е празен или е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit">разширите</a>.</i></sup></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Общо име – Алкени </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><i>Брой<br />въглеродни<br />атоми</i> </th> <th><i>Имена</i> </th> <th><i>Формула</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Етен">Етен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Пропен">Пропен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бутен">Бутен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пентен (страницата не съществува)">Пентен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хексен (страницата не съществува)">Хексен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хептен (страницата не съществува)">Хептен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>14</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Октен (страницата не съществува)">Октен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>16</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нонен (страницата не съществува)">Нонен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>18</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Децен (страницата не съществува)">Децен</a> </td> <td>C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>20</sub> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Алкини"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BB.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8"></span>Алкини</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Редактиране на раздел: Алкини" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Алкини"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Алкин">Алкин</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Алкините в химията са хомоложен ред от ненаситени въглеводороди с обща формула CnH2n-2. Съдържат една тройна връзка между два от въглеродните атоми в молекулата си. </p><p>Наименованията на видовете алкини завършват на <i>-ин</i>, например въглерод: <code>C</code> , <i>етин</i> : <code>H-C≡C-H</code> </p><p>Алкините още се наричат <b>ацетилени</b>. </p><p>За разлика от алканите и в по-малка степен от алкените, алкините са много реактивни и нестабилни съединения. Отличават се с висока киселинност и имат pKa стойности (25) между тези на амоняка (35) и етанола (16). между алкани, алкени и алкини има генетична връзка. Имат висока температура на кипене и топене.малко разтворими във вода, но по-добре от останалите. </p><p>Химични свойства:Участват в присъединителни реакции като присъединяват водород, вода, халогени, халогеноводороди. Взаимодействат с водород като първо се разкъсва едната пи връзка, после и другата, и се получава алкан със същия брой въглеродни атоми. Горят като се получава СО2 и Н2О. </p><p>Алкадиени-въглеводороди с 2 двойни връзки.според разположението на двете двойни връзки има няколко вида алкадиени: >С=С=С< и други. физичните им свойства са подобни на алкените.пи връзките диктуват химичните свойства. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center">Брой въглеродни атоми </th> <th align="center">Имена </th> <th align="center">Формула </th></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Етин">Етин</a></td> <td>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пропин (страницата не съществува)">Пропин</a></td> <td>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бутин (химия) (страницата не съществува)">Бутин</a></td> <td>C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пентин (страницата не съществува)">Пентин</a></td> <td>C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хексин (страницата не съществува)">Хексин</a></td> <td>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хептин (страницата не съществува)">Хептин</a></td> <td>C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>12</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Октин (страницата не съществува)">Октин</a></td> <td>C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>14</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нонин (страницата не съществува)">Нонин</a></td> <td>C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Децин (страницата не съществува)">Децин</a></td> <td>C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>18</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Общо име </th> <th>Алкини </th></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Функционални_групи"><span id=".D0.A4.D1.83.D0.BD.D0.BA.D1.86.D0.B8.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B3.D1.80.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.B8"></span>Функционални групи</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Редактиране на раздел: Функционални групи" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Функционални групи"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Функционална група">Функционална група</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Това са специални групи от атоми в молекулата, които са отговорни за нейните специфични химични реакции и свойства. Еднаквите функционални групи встъпват в еднакви или подобни химични реакции, независимо от големината на молекулата, част от която са. Съединения с една и съща функционална група, но различна дължина на въглеродната верига образуват т.нар. хомоложен ред: напр. алкани, алкохоли, алдехиди, кетони, карбоксилни киселини и т.н. </p><p>Пример за влиянието на функционалната група върху химичните и физичните свойства е даден в следната таблица: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Функционална група/Хомоложен ред </th> <th>Съединение </th> <th>Химическа формула </th> <th>Свойства </th></tr> <tr> <td>Изходно съединение / Алкан </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бутан">Бутан</a> </td> <td>H3C–CH2–CH2–CH3 </td> <td>газ, неразтворим във вода, неутрален и слабореактивен </td></tr> <tr> <td>Карбоксилна група /Карбоксилна киселина </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Бутанова киселина">Бутанова киселина</a> </td> <td>H3C–CH2–CH2–COOH </td> <td>течност с лоша миризма, има свойствата на киселина, разтворима във вода </td></tr> <tr> <td>Аминогрупа / Амин </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бутиламин (страницата не съществува)">Бутиламин</a> </td> <td>H3C–CH(NH2)–CH2–CH3 </td> <td>течност с лоша миризма, има свойствата на слаба основа, разтворим във вода </td></tr> <tr> <td>Аминогрупа и Карбоксилна група / Аминокиселина </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аминобутанова киселина (страницата не съществува)">Аминобутанова киселина</a> </td> <td>H2N–CH2–CH2–CH2–COOH </td> <td>твърдо вещество, във вода е под формата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Цвитерион">цвитерион</a> H3N+–CH2–CH2–CH2–COO−, <p>амфотерни свойства, разтворима във вода </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Комбинирането на имената на функционалните групи с тези на изходните алкани дава рационална номенклатура за именуване на органичните съединения. </p><p>Атомите на функционалната група са свързани помежду си и към цялата молекула посредством ковалентна връзка. Когато групата от атоми е свързана с останалата част от молекулата чрез йонна връзка, говорим за полиатомен йон или комплексен йон. Всички те се наричат „радикал“. </p><p>Първият въглероден атом след този, с който е свързана функционалната група, се нарича алфа; вторият бета; третия гама и т.н. При наличието на повече от една функционална група броенето започва от тази, чиито атом заловен за основната верига е с по-голяма атомна маса. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Хомоложни_редове"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B6.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B5"></span>Хомоложни редове</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Редактиране на раздел: Хомоложни редове" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Хомоложни редове"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Хомоложен ред">Хомоложен ред</a></i></div></dd></dl> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <sup><i>Този раздел е празен или е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit">разширите</a>.</i></sup></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Наситени_съединения"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Наситени съединения</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Редактиране на раздел: Наситени съединения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Наситени съединения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <sup><i>Този раздел е празен или е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit">разширите</a>.</i></sup></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ненаситени_съединения"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Ненаситени съединения</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Редактиране на раздел: Ненаситени съединения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Ненаситени съединения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="boilerplate plainlinks stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/23px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/46px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <sup><i>Този раздел е празен или е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Мъниче">мъниче</a>. Можете да помогнете на Уикипедия, като го <a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit">разширите</a>.</i></sup></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Неорганични"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B5.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8"></span>Неорганични</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Редактиране на раздел: Неорганични" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Неорганични"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Неорганично съединение">Неорганично съединение</a></i></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Соли_и_други_неорганични_съединения"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8_.D0.B8_.D0.B4.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B3.D0.B8_.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Соли и други неорганични съединения</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Редактиране на раздел: Соли и други неорганични съединения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: Соли и други неорганични съединения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Сол">Сол</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Солите са йонни химични съединения и често се получават в резултат на неутрализационна реакция между киселина и основа. Разтворите на соли във вода се наричат електролити и играят важна роля в електрохимията. Солите, които при хидролиза образуват хидроксилни аниони се наричат основни соли, а тези, които образуват водородни катиони – киселинни соли. Останалите соли се наричат неутрални соли. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Сулфид">Сулфиди</a> се наричат всички вещества получени от взаимодействието на произволен, но възможен химичен елемент със <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сяра">сяра</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Оксиди">Оксиди</a> са химични съединения, в чийто състав участват два химични елемента, един от които е кислородът.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Сулфит">Сулфити</a> са вещества, получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Серниста киселина">серниста киселина</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Сулфат">Сулфати</a> са веществата получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сярна киселина">сярна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксомоносулфат (страницата не съществува)">Пероксомоносулфати</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксомоносярна киселина (страницата не съществува)">пероксомоносярна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксодисулфат (страницата не съществува)">Пероксодисулфати</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксодисярна киселина (страницата не съществува)">пероксодисярна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиросулфат (страницата не съществува)">Пиросулфати</a> са веществата получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиросярна киселина (страницата не съществува)">пиросярна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Тиосулфат">Тиосулфати</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тиосярна киселина (страницата не съществува)">тиосярна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дитионат (страницата не съществува)">Дитионати</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дитионова киселина (страницата не съществува)">дитионова киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Сулфит">Сулфити</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Серниста киселина">серниста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дитионит (страницата не съществува)">Дитионити</a> са веществата получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дитиониста киселина (страницата не съществува)">дитиониста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тиосулфит (страницата не съществува)">Тиосулфити</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тиосерниста киселина (страницата не съществува)">тиосерниста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дисулфити (страницата не съществува)">Дисулфити</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дисериста киселина (страницата не съществува)">дисериста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сулфоксилат (страницата не съществува)">Сулфоксилати</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сулфоксилова киселина (страницата не съществува)">сулфоксилова киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Политионат (страницата не съществува)">Политионати</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Политионови киселини (страницата не съществува)">политионови киселини</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксидосулфати (страницата не съществува)">Пероксидосулфати</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксодисярна киселина (страницата не съществува)">пероксодисярна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Селенид (страницата не съществува)">Селениди</a> се наричат всички вещества получени от взаимодействието на произволен, но възможен химичен елемент със <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Селен">селен</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Селенат (страницата не съществува)">Селенати</a> са веществата получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Селенова киселина (страницата не съществува)">селенова киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82_(%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Селенит (сол) (страницата не съществува)">Селенити</a> са веществата получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Селениста киселина (страницата не съществува)">селениста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Телурид (страницата не съществува)">Телуриди</a> се наричат всички вещества получени от взаимодействието на произволен, но възможен химичен елемент със <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80" title="Телур">телур</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Телурат (страницата не съществува)">Телурати</a> са веществата получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Телурова киселина (страницата не съществува)">телурова киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Телурит (страницата не съществува)">Телурити</a> са веществата получени от взаимодействие със <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Телуриста киселина (страницата не съществува)">телуриста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Флуорид (страницата не съществува)">Флуориди</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Флуор">флуор</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипофлуорит (страницата не съществува)">Хипофлуорити</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипофлуориста киселина (страницата не съществува)">хипофлуориста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Хлориди">Хлориди</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Хлор">хлор</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Хипохлорит">Хипохлорити</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипохлориста киселина (страницата не съществува)">хипохлориста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82_(%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хлорит (сол) (страницата не съществува)">Хлорити</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хлориста киселина (страницата не съществува)">хлориста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хлорат (страницата не съществува)">Хлорати</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хлорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">хлорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Перхлорат (страницата не съществува)">Перхлорати</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Перхлорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">перхлорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бромид (страницата не съществува)">Бромиди</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Бром">бром</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипобромит (страницата не съществува)">Хипобромити</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипобромиста киселина (страницата не съществува)">хипобромиста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бромит (страницата не съществува)">Бромити</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бромиста киселина (страницата не съществува)">бромиста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бромат (страницата не съществува)">Бромати</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бромна киселина (страницата не съществува)">бромна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пербромат (страницата не съществува)">Пербромати</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пербромна киселина (страницата не съществува)">пербромна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йодид (страницата не съществува)">Йодиди</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Йод">йод</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипойодит (страницата не съществува)">Хипойодити</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипойодиста киселина (страницата не съществува)">хипойодиста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йодит (страницата не съществува)">Йодити</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йодиста киселина (страницата не съществува)">йодиста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йодат (страницата не съществува)">Йодати</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йодна киселина (страницата не съществува)">йодна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Перйодат (страницата не съществува)">Перйодати</a> са продукти получени от реакцията с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Перйодна киселина (страницата не съществува)">перйодна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Карбид">Карбиди</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглерод">въглерод</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Карбонат">Карбонати</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Хидрогенкарбонат">хидрогенкарбонати</a> са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Въглеродна киселина">въглеродна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нитрид (страницата не съществува)">Нитриди</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Азот">азот</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Нитрат">Нитрати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Азотна киселина">азотна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Пероксонитрат">Пероксонитрати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Пероксоазотна киселина">пероксоазотна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Нитрит">Нитрити</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Азотиста киселина">азотиста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксонитрит (страницата не съществува)">Пероксонитрити</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксоазотиста киселина (страницата не съществува)">пероксоазотиста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипонитрит (страницата не съществува)">Хипонитрити</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипоазотиста киселина (страницата не съществува)">хипоазотиста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фосфид (страницата не съществува)">Фосфиди</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор">фосфор</a>.</li> <li>Фосфити са продукти получени от взаимодействие с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фосфориста киселина (страницата не съществува)">фосфориста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Фосфат">Фосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Фосфорна киселина">фосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Пирофосфат">Пирофосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пирофосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">пирофосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Трифосфат (страницата не съществува)">Трифосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Трифосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">трифосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полифосфат (страницата не съществува)">Полифосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полифосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">полифосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклотриметафосфат (страницата не съществува)">Циклотриметафосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклотриметафосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">циклотриметафосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклотетраметафосфат (страницата не съществува)">Циклотетраметафосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циклотетраметафосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">циклотетраметафосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полиметафосфат (страницата не съществува)">Полиметафосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полиметафосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">полиметафосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксомонофосфат (страницата не съществува)">Пероксомонофосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксомонофосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">пероксомонофосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксодифосфат (страницата не съществува)">Пероксодифосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пероксодифосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">пероксодифосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипофосфат (страницата не съществува)">Хипофосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипофосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">хипофосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изохипофосфат (страницата не съществува)">Изохипофосфати</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Изохипофосфорна киселина (страницата не съществува)">изохипофосфорна киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фосфит (страницата не съществува)">Фосфити</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фосфориста киселина (страницата не съществува)">фосфориста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пирофосфит (страницата не съществува)">Пирофосфити</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пирофосфориста киселина (страницата не съществува)">пирофосфориста киселина</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипофосфит (страницата не съществува)">Хипофосфити</a> са продукти получени от реакция с <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хипофосфориста киселина (страницата не съществува)">хипофосфориста киселина</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Киселини"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8"></span>Киселини</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Редактиране на раздел: Киселини" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: Киселини"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Киселина">Киселина</a></i></div></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Hydrogen-astatide-3D.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Hydrogen-astatide-3D.png/220px-Hydrogen-astatide-3D.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Hydrogen-astatide-3D.png 1.5x" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="228" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Астатоводород (страницата не съществува)">Астатоводород</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Киселините са химични съединения, които във <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">воден</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Разтвор">разтвор</a> отделят водородни катиони, H<sup>+</sup> и оцветяват лакмусовата хартия в червен цвят. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Водороден показател">Водородният показател</a> (pH) за тези съединения е по-малък от 7. Примери за киселини са <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Оцетна киселина">оцетната киселина</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сярна киселина">сярната киселина</a>. От гледна точка на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Електролитна дисоциация">електролитната дисоциация</a> киселините са съединения, които във воден разтвор се дисоциират само на водородни <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Катион">катиони</a> и киселинни <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион">аниони</a>. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом">Атомите</a> на киселините са свързани чрез <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ковалентна връзка">ковалентна</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полярна връзка (страницата не съществува)">полярна</a> връзка. Общите химични свойства на водните им разтвори се дължат на водородните йони. </p><p>Примери за киселини са: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Хлороводород">хлороводород</a> HCl, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сярна киселина">сярна киселина</a> H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Оцетна киселина">оцетна киселина</a> CH<sub>3</sub>COOH и други. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Основи"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.81.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B8"></span>Основи</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Редактиране на раздел: Основи" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section's source code: Основи"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Основа">Основа</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Според теорията за електролитната дисоциация на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Сванте Арениус">Сванте Арениус</a> основите са химични съединения, които във воден разтвор се дисоциират на метални <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Катион">катиони</a> и хидроксидни <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион">аниони</a> или взаимодействайки с <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Киселина">киселини</a>, дават <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Сол">сол</a> (химичната реакция се нарича неутрализация). Химичните свойства на основите се определят от общата хидроксилна група. Реагират с киселини, киселинни оксиди, амфотерни оксиди, амфотерни хидроксиди. Специфични реакции за някои основи са взаимодействията със соли и прости вещества на елементи с двойствен характер и халогенни елементи, както и участие в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Окислително-редукционни процеси">окислително-редукционни процеси</a>. Една от най-известните е <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Натриева основа">натриевата основа</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Редки_съединения"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Редки съединения</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Редактиране на раздел: Редки съединения" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section's source code: Редки съединения"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Редките съединения са трудно намерими в обществото и в природата, напр.: всички съединения на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ниобий">ниобия</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Вижте_също"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B6.D1.82.D0.B5_.D1.81.D1.8A.D1.89.D0.BE"></span>Вижте също</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Редактиране на раздел: Вижте също" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section's source code: Вижте също"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Агрегатно състояние">Агрегатно състояние</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Алотропия">Алотропия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион">Анион</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом">Атом</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Вещество">Вещество</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Изотоп">Изотоп</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Йон">Йон</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Катион">Катион</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Кристал">Кристал</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал">Минерал</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула">Молекула</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Просто вещество">Просто вещество</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Скала">Скала</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="Сложно вещество">Сложно вещество</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Смес">Смес</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Физични свойства (страницата не съществува)">Физични свойства</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химичен елемент">Химичен елемент</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Химична връзка">Химична връзка</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Химични реакции">Химични реакции</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Химични свойства (страницата не съществува)">Химични свойства</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Химично вещество">Химично вещество</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Химично заместване (страницата не съществува)">Химично заместване</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Химично разлагане">Химично разлагане</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Химично съединяване">Химично съединяване</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Източници"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Редактиране на раздел: Източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section's source code: Източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Brown_p.6-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Brown_p.6_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2009" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Brown, Theodore L., LeMay, H. Eugene, Bursten, Bruce E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.savvas.com/index.cfm?locator=PSZu6g">Chemistry: The Central Science, AP Edition</a>. 11th.  Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice Hall, 2009. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0132364891" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0132364891</a>. с. 5 – 6.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hill_p.6-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Hill_p.6_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHill2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Hill, John W., Petrucci, Ralph H., McCreary, Terry W. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pearsonhighered.com/educator/academic/product/0,3110,0131402838,00.html">General Chemistry</a>. 4th.  Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice Hall, 2005. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780131402836" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780131402836</a>. с. 6.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitten_p.15-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Whitten_p.15_3-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitten_p.15_3-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWhitten2000" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Whitten, Kenneth W., Davis, Raymond E., Peck, M. Larry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/generalchemistry00wend">General Chemistry</a>. 6th.  Fort Worth, TX, Saunders College Publishing/Harcourt College Publishers, 2000. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780030723735" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780030723735</a>. с. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/generalchemistry00wend/page/15">15</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilbraham_p.36-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Wilbraham_p.36_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWilbraham2002" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Wilbraham, Antony, Matta, Michael, Staley, Dennis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chemistrylaborat0000wilb">Chemistry</a>. 1st.  Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice Hall, 2002. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0132512106" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0132512106</a>. с. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chemistrylaborat0000wilb/page/36">36</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Halal-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Halal_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHalal2008" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Halal, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wadsworthmedia.com/marketing/sample_chapters/156253629X_ch08.pdf">Chapter 8: General Chemistry</a> //  Milady's Hair Structure and Chemistry Simplified. 5.  Milady Publishing, 2008. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/1428335587" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1428335587</a>. с. 96 – 98.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Proust, J.-L. (1799). Researches on copper, <i>Ann. chim.</i>, <b>32</b>:26-54. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/proust.html">Excerpt</a>, in Henry M. Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, <i>A Source Book in Chemistry, 1400—1900</i>, Cambridge, MA: Harvard, 1952. Accessed 2008-05-08</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHelmenstine" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Helmenstine, Anne. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121107164956/http://chemistry.about.com/od/workedchemistryproblems/a/law-of-multiple-proportions-problem.htm">Law of Multiple Proportions Problem</a> //  1.   Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chemistry.about.com/od/workedchemistryproblems/a/law-of-multiple-proportions-problem.htm">оригинала</a> на 2012-11-07. Посетен на 2012-01-31.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-L/law_multiple_proportions.html">law of multiple proportions definition</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">В химичната терминология <i>окис</i> е заменено с <i>оксид</i> през 1980-те години; вж <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Оксид">Оксид</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CMC-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CMC_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Cyanide_Management_Institute2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121130094124/http://www.cyanidecode.org/cyanide_environmental.php">Environmental and Health Effects of Cyanide</a> //   International Cyanide Management Institute, 2006.  Архивиран от <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cyanidecode.org/cyanide_environmental.php">оригинала</a> на 2012-11-30. Посетен на 4 август 2009.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Външни_препратки"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.BD.D1.88.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Външни препратки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Редактиране на раздел: Външни препратки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section's source code: Външни препратки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> В <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a> има медийни файлове относно <span class="interProject"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemical_compounds" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chemical compounds">Химично съединение</a></b></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elm.e-science.ru/">Списък на химични съединения</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100712111619/http://elm.e-science.ru/">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2010-07-12 в <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="hlist hlist-big plainlinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Нормативен контрол<span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11173#identifiers" title="Редактиране в Уикиданни"><img alt="Редактиране в Уикиданни" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.worldcat.org/fast/853273">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4137599-3">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007285071005171">NLI J9U</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85022963">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00564454">NDL</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph135901">NKC</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="noprint nomobile navbox" style="font-size:100%; text-align:center; width:100%; background:#f9f9f9; border:1px #aaa solid;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="     Портал „Химия“    "><img alt="     Портал „Химия“    " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/P_chemistry.svg/27px-P_chemistry.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/P_chemistry.svg/40px-P_chemistry.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/P_chemistry.svg/53px-P_chemistry.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span></span>     <b>Портал „<a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Портал:Химия">Химия</a>“</b>     </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Взето от „<a dir="ltr" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Химично_съединение&oldid=11996681">https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Химично_съединение&oldid=11996681</a>“.</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Специални:Категории">Категория</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Категория:Химични съединения">Химични съединения</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Скрити категории: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8,_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_ISBN" title="Категория:Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN">Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Категория:Статии за редактиране">Статии за редактиране</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Категория:Раздели мъничета">Раздели мъничета</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_Webarchive_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_Wayback_Machine" title="Категория:Шаблон Webarchive с препратки към Wayback Machine">Шаблон Webarchive с препратки към Wayback Machine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Категория:Портал:Химия/Тематични статии">Портал:Химия/Тематични статии</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Последната промяна на страницата е извършена на 17 октомври 2023 г. в 21:46 ч.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текстът е достъпен под лиценза <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.bg">Creative Commons Признание-Споделяне на споделеното</a>; 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