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cooling</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: geothermal cooling"> <meta name="keywords" content="geothermal cooling"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="geothermal cooling"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1069</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: geothermal cooling</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1069</span> Adsorption Cooling Using Hybrid Energy Resources</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Benelmir">R. Benelmir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20El%20Kadri"> M. El Kadri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Donnot"> A. Donnot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Descieux"> D. Descieux</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> HVAC represents a significant part of energy needs in buildings. Integrating renewable energy in cooling processes contributes to reducing primary energy consumption. Sorption refrigeration allows cold production through the use of solar/biomass/geothermal energy or even valuation of waste heat. This work presents an analysis of an experimental bench incorporating an adsorption chiller driven by hybrid energy resources associating solar thermal collectors with a cogeneration gas engine and a geothermal heat pump. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cooling" title="solar cooling">solar cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cogeneration" title=" cogeneration"> cogeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20heat%20pump" title=" geothermal heat pump"> geothermal heat pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20energy%20resources" title=" hybrid energy resources"> hybrid energy resources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48750/adsorption-cooling-using-hybrid-energy-resources" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1068</span> Design of Residential Geothermal Cooling System in Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tebah%20KH%20A%20AlFouzan">Tebah KH A AlFouzan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meznah%20Dahlous%20Ali%20Alkreebani"> Meznah Dahlous Ali Alkreebani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemah%20Salem%20Dekheel%20Alrasheedi"> Fatemah Salem Dekheel Alrasheedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanadi%20Bandar%20Rughayan%20AlNomas"> Hanadi Bandar Rughayan AlNomas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneerah%20Mohammad%20Sulaiman%20ALOjairi"> Muneerah Mohammad Sulaiman ALOjairi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Article spotlights the heat transfer process based beneath the earth’s surface. The process starts by exchanging the heat found in the building as fluid in the pipes absorbs it, then transports it down the soil consuming cool temperature exchange, recirculating, and rebounding to deliver cool air. This system is a renewable energy that is reliable and sustainable. The analysis showed the disposal of fossil fuels, energy preservation, 400% efficiency, long lifespan, and lower maintenance. Investigation displays the system’s types of design, whether open or closed loop and piping layout. Finally, the geothermal cooling study presents the challenges of creating a prototype in Kuwait, as constraints are applicable due to geography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20system" title="cooling system">cooling system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering" title=" engineering"> engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20cooling" title=" geothermal cooling"> geothermal cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20ventilation" title=" natural ventilation"> natural ventilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160260/design-of-residential-geothermal-cooling-system-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1067</span> Geothermal Resources of Saudi Arabia: An Update</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aref%20Lashin">Aref Lashin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Saudi Arabia vision of 2030 calls for the diversification of energy sources in the Kingdom. Accordingly, Saudi Arabia has launched a promising plan aims to gradually power the major industrial activities in country by renewable and low carbon energy sources. The geothermal sources are among the promising renewable sources that can support the achievement of the country vision and energy mix plan. Saudi Arabia is enriched with several geothermal resources especially in the western and southwestern regions along the Red Sea region. This paper will give an overview on the different geothermal resources (Hydrothermal, Harrats volcanic eruptions and hot dry rocks) of Saudi Arabia, their categories and classifications as well as the different exploration (Geophysical, geological, geochemical, etc) and drilling enhanced during the last few decades. The economic viability and the possible contribution of geothermal resources in the future of renewable energy of Saudi Arabia is discussed. Some case studies from Jizan, Al-Lith, Harrats and Midyan areas are demonstrated. Scenarios of different low and high geothermal applications for possible power generations, as well as other low-grade utilizations, e.g. direct use, district heating & cooling, medical therapy, etc., are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KSA%20vison%202023" title="KSA vison 2023">KSA vison 2023</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20mix" title=" energy mix"> energy mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20resources" title=" geothermal resources"> geothermal resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applications" title=" applications"> applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192169/geothermal-resources-of-saudi-arabia-an-update" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1066</span> Using Reservoir Models for Monitoring Geothermal Surface Features</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20P.%20O%E2%80%99Sullivan">John P. O’Sullivan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20M.%20P.%20Ratouis"> Thomas M. P. Ratouis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20J.%20O%E2%80%99Sullivan"> Michael J. O’Sullivan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the use of geothermal energy grows internationally more effort is required to monitor and protect areas with rare and important geothermal surface features. A number of approaches are presented for developing and calibrating numerical geothermal reservoir models that are capable of accurately representing geothermal surface features. The approaches are discussed in the context of cases studies of the Rotorua geothermal system and the Orakei-korako geothermal system, both of which contain important surface features. The results show that models are able to match the available field data accurately and hence can be used as valuable tools for predicting the future response of the systems to changes in use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20reservoir%20models" title="geothermal reservoir models">geothermal reservoir models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20features" title=" surface features"> surface features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOUGH2" title=" TOUGH2"> TOUGH2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25882/using-reservoir-models-for-monitoring-geothermal-surface-features" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1065</span> Development and Analysis of Multigeneration System by Using Combined Solar and Geothermal Energy Resources</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Umar%20Khan">Muhammad Umar Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20Kumar"> Mahesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faraz%20Neakakhtar"> Faraz Neakakhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although industrialization marks to the economy of a country yet it increases the pollution and temperature of the environment. The world is now shifting towards green energy because the utilization of fossil fuels is resulting in global warming. So we need to develop systems that can operate on renewable energy resources and have low heat losses. The combined solar and geothermal multigeneration system can solve this issue. Rather than making rankine cycle purely a solar-driven, heat from solar is used to drive vapour absorption cycle and reheated to generate power using geothermal reservoir. The results are displayed by using Engineering Equation Solver software, where inputs are varied to optimize the energy and exergy efficiencies of the system. The cooling effect is 348.2 KW, while the network output is 23.8 MW and reducing resultant emission of 105553 tons of CO₂ per year. This eco-friendly multigeneration system is capable of eliminating the use of fossil fuels and increasing the geothermal energy efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20effect" title="cooling effect">cooling effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-friendly" title=" eco-friendly"> eco-friendly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20energy" title=" green energy"> green energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20loses" title=" heat loses"> heat loses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multigeneration%20system" title=" multigeneration system"> multigeneration system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20output" title=" work output"> work output</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92439/development-and-analysis-of-multigeneration-system-by-using-combined-solar-and-geothermal-energy-resources" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1064</span> The Effect of Heating-Liquid Nitrogen Cooling on Fracture Toughness of Anisotropic Rock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kavandi">A. Kavandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Goshtasbi"> K. Goshtasbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Hadei"> M. R. Hadei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Nejati"> H. Nejati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In geothermal energy production, the method of liquid nitrogen (LN₂) fracturing in hot, dry rock is one of the most effective methods to increase the permeability of the reservoir. The geothermal reservoirs mainly consist of hard rocks such as granites and metamorphic rocks like gneiss with high temperatures. Gneiss, as a metamorphic rock, experiences a high level of inherent anisotropy. This type of anisotropy is considered as the nature of rocks, which affects the mechanical behavior of rocks. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of heating-liquid nitrogen (LN₂) cooling treatment and rock anisotropy on the fracture toughness of gneiss. For this aim, a series of semi-circular bend (SCB) tests were carried out on specimens of gneiss with different anisotropy plane angles (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°). In this study, gneiss specimens were exposed to heating–cooling treatment through gradual heating to 100°C followed by LN₂ cooling. Results indicate that the fracture toughness of treated samples is lower than that of untreated samples, and with increasing the anisotropy plane angle, the fracture toughness increases. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique is also implemented to evaluate the fracture process zone (FPZ) ahead of the crack tip. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating-cooling" title="heating-cooling">heating-cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anisotropic%20rock" title=" anisotropic rock"> anisotropic rock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20toughness" title=" fracture toughness"> fracture toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20nitrogen" title=" liquid nitrogen"> liquid nitrogen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172930/the-effect-of-heating-liquid-nitrogen-cooling-on-fracture-toughness-of-anisotropic-rock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">58</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1063</span> Structured Tariff Calculation to Promote Geothermal for Energy Security</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Mariani">Siti Mariani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arwin%20DW%20Sumari"> Arwin DW Sumari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Retno%20Gumilang%20Dewi"> Retno Gumilang Dewi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper analyzes the necessity of a structured tariff calculation for geothermal electricity in Indonesia. Indonesia is blessed with abundant natural resources and a choices of energy resources to generate electricity among other are coal, gas, biomass, hydro to geothermal, creating a fierce competition in electricity tariffs. While geothermal is inline with energy security principle and green growth initiative, it requires a huge capital funding. Geothermal electricity development consists of phases of project with each having its own financial characteristics. The Indonesian government has set a support in the form of ceiling price of geothermal electricity tariff by 11 U.S cents / kWh. However, the government did not set a levelized cost of geothermal, as an indication of lower limit capacity class, to which support is given. The government should establish a levelized cost of geothermal energy to reflect its financial capability in supporting geothermal development. Aside of that, the government is also need to establish a structured tariff calculation to reflect a fair and transparent business cooperation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20fator" title="load fator">load fator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levelized%20cost%20of%20geothermal" title=" levelized cost of geothermal"> levelized cost of geothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20power%20plant" title=" geothermal power plant"> geothermal power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structured%20tariff%20calculation" title=" structured tariff calculation"> structured tariff calculation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7923/structured-tariff-calculation-to-promote-geothermal-for-energy-security" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1062</span> Design of an Innovative Geothermal Heat Pump with a PCM Thermal Storage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emanuele%20Bonamente">Emanuele Bonamente</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrea%20Aquino"> Andrea Aquino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents an innovative design for geothermal heat pumps with the goal of maximizing the system efficiency (COP - Coefficient of Performance), reducing the soil use (e.g. length/depth of geothermal boreholes) and initial investment costs. Based on experimental data obtained from a two-year monitoring of a working prototype implemented for a commercial building in the city of Perugia, Italy, an upgrade of the system is proposed and the performance is evaluated via CFD simulations. The prototype was designed to include a thermal heat storage (i.e. water), positioned between the boreholes and the heat pump, acting as a flywheel. Results from the monitoring campaign show that the system is still capable of providing the required heating and cooling energy with a reduced geothermal installation (approx. 30% of the standard length). In this paper, an optimization of the system is proposed, re-designing the heat storage to include phase change materials (PCMs). Two stacks of PCMs, characterized by melting temperatures equal to those needed to maximize the system COP for heating and cooling, are disposed within the storage. During the working cycle, the latent heat of the PCMs is used to heat (cool) the water used by the heat pump while the boreholes independently cool (heat) the storage. The new storage is approximately 10 times smaller and can be easily placed close to the heat pump in the technical room. First, a validation of the CFD simulation of the storage is performed against experimental data. The simulation is then used to test possible alternatives of the original design and it is finally exploited to evaluate the PCM-storage performance for two different configurations (i.e. single- and double-loop systems). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20heat%20pump" title="geothermal heat pump">geothermal heat pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change%20materials%20%28PCM%29" title=" phase change materials (PCM)"> phase change materials (PCM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energies" title=" renewable energies"> renewable energies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41063/design-of-an-innovative-geothermal-heat-pump-with-a-pcm-thermal-storage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1061</span> Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Performance of a Co2 Geothermal Thermosyphon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badache%20Messaoud">Badache Messaoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geothermal thermosyphons (GTs) are increasingly used in many heating and cooling geothermal applications owing to their high heat transfer performance. This paper proposes a response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate and optimize the performance of a CO2 geothermal thermosyphon. The filling ratio (FR), temperature, and flow rate of the heat transfer fluid are selected as the designing parameters, and heat transfer rate and effectiveness are adopted as response parameters (objective functions). First, a dedicated experimental GT test bench filled with CO2 was built and subjected to different test conditions. An RSM was used to establish corresponding models between the input parameters and responses. Various diagnostic tests were used to assess evaluate the quality and validity of the best-fit models, which explain respectively 98.9% and 99.2% of the output result’s variability. Overall, it is concluded from the RSM analysis that the heat transfer fluid inlet temperatures and the flow rate are the factors that have the greatest impact on heat transfer (Q) rate and effectiveness (εff), while the FR has only a slight effect on Q and no effect on εff. The maximal heat transfer rate and effectiveness achieved are 1.86 kW and 47.81%, respectively. Moreover, these optimal values are associated with different flow rate levels (mc level = 1 for Q and -1 for εff), indicating distinct operating regions for maximizing Q and εff within the GT system. Therefore, a multilevel optimization approach is necessary to optimize both the heat transfer rate and effectiveness simultaneously. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20thermosiphon" title="geothermal thermosiphon">geothermal thermosiphon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co2" title=" co2"> co2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Response%20surface%20methodology" title=" Response surface methodology"> Response surface methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20performance" title=" heat transfer performance"> heat transfer performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168575/response-surface-methodology-to-optimize-the-performance-of-a-co2-geothermal-thermosyphon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1060</span> A Worldwide Assessment of Geothermal Energy Policy: Systematic, Qualitative and Critical Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20Moya">Diego Moya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Paredes"> Juan Paredes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clay%20Aldas"> Clay Aldas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramiro%20Tite"> Ramiro Tite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasad%20Kaparaju"> Prasad Kaparaju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Globally, energy policy for geothermal development is addressed in different forms, depending on the economy, resources, country-development, environment aspects and technology access. Although some countries have established strong regulations and standards for geothermal exploration, exploitation and sustainable use at the policy level (government departments and institutions), others have discussed geothermal laws at legal levels (congress – a national legislative body of a country). Appropriate regulations are needed not only to meet local and international funding requirements but also to avoid speculation in the use of the geothermal resource. In this regards, this paper presents the results of a systematic, qualitative and critical literature review of geothermal energy policy worldwide addressing two scenarios: policy and legal levels. At first, literature is collected and classified from scientific and government sources regarding geothermal energy policy of the most advanced geothermal producing countries, including Iceland, New Zealand, Mexico, the USA, Central America, Italy, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Kenia, and Australia. This is followed by a systematic review of the literature aiming to know the best geothermal practices and what remains uncertain regarding geothermal policy implementation. This analysis is made considering the stages of geothermal production. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis is conducted comparing the findings across geothermal policies in the countries mentioned above. Then, a critical review aims to identify significant items in the field to be applied in countries with geothermal potential but with no or weak geothermal policies. Finally, patterns and relationships are detected, and conclusions are drawn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal" title=" geothermal"> geothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20policy" title=" energy policy"> energy policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=worldwide" title=" worldwide"> worldwide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64100/a-worldwide-assessment-of-geothermal-energy-policy-systematic-qualitative-and-critical-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64100.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1059</span> Magnetotelluric Method Approach for the 3-D Inversion of Geothermal System’s Dissemination in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pelangi%20Wiyantika">Pelangi Wiyantika</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sustainable energy is the main concern in According to solve any problems on energy sectors. One of the sustainable energy that has lack of presentation is Geothermal energy which has developed lately as the new promising sustainable energy. Indonesia as country that has been passed by the ring of fire zone has many geothermal sources. This is the good opportunity to elaborate and learn more about geothermal as sustainable and renewable energy. Geothermal systems have special characteristic whom the zone of sources can be detected by measuring the resistivity of the subsurface. There are many methods to measuring the anomaly of the systems. One of the best method is Magnetotelluric approchment. Magnetotelluric is the passive method which the resistivity is obtained by injecting the eddy current of rocks in the subsurface with the sources. The sources of Magnetotelluric method can be obtained from lightning or solar wind which has the frequencies each below 1 Hz and above 1 Hz. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal" title="geothermal">geothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetotelluric" title=" magnetotelluric"> magnetotelluric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity" title=" resistivity"> resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20energy" title=" sustainable energy"> sustainable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61743/magnetotelluric-method-approach-for-the-3-d-inversion-of-geothermal-systems-dissemination-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1058</span> Modelling and Optimization of Geothermal Energy in the Gulf of Suez</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amira%20Abdelhafez">Amira Abdelhafez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rufus%20Brunt"> Rufus Brunt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geothermal energy in Egypt represents a significant untapped renewable resource that can reduce reliance on conventional power generation. Exploiting these geothermal resources depends on depth, temperature range, and geological characteristics. The intracontinental rift setting of the Gulf of Suez (GoS)-Red Sea rift is a favourable tectonic setting for convection-dominated geothermal plays. The geothermal gradient across the GoS ranges from 24.9 to 86.66 °C/km, with a heat flow of 31-127.2 mW/m². Surface expressions of convective heat loss emerge along the gulf flanks as hot springs (e.g., Hammam Faraun) accompanying deeper geothermal resources. These thermal anomalies are driven mainly by the local tectonic configuration. Characterizing the structural framework of major faults and their control on reservoir properties and subsurface hydrothermal fluid circulation is vital for geothermal applications in the gulf. The geothermal play systems of the GoS depend on structural and lithological properties that contribute to heat storage and vertical transport. Potential geothermal reservoirs include the Nubia sandstones, which, due to their thickness, continuity, and contact with hot basement rocks at a mean depth of 3 km, create an extensive reservoir for geothermal fluids. To develop these geothermal resources for energy production, defining the permeability anisotropy of the reservoir due to faults and facies variation is a crucial step in our study, particularly the evaluation of influence on thermal breakthrough and production rates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal" title="geothermal">geothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=October%20field" title=" October field"> October field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site%20specific%20study" title=" site specific study"> site specific study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reservoir%20modelling" title=" reservoir modelling"> reservoir modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193828/modelling-and-optimization-of-geothermal-energy-in-the-gulf-of-suez" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1057</span> Optimization of Hydraulic Fracturing for Horizontal Wells in Enhanced Geothermal Reservoirs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qudratullah%20Muradi">Qudratullah Muradi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source that can be found in abundance on our planet. Only a small fraction of it is currently converted to electrical power, though in recent years installed geothermal capacity has increased considerably all over the world. In this paper, we assumed a model for designing of Enhanced Geothermal System, EGS. We used computer modeling group, CMG reservoir simulation software to create the typical Hot Dry Rock, HDR reservoir. In this research two wells, one injection of cold water and one production of hot water are included in the model. There are some hydraulic fractures created by the mentioned software. And cold water is injected in order to produce energy from the reservoir. The result of injecting cold water to the reservoir and extracting geothermal energy is defined by some graphs at the end of this research. The production of energy is quantified in a period of 10 years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20energy" title="geothermal energy">geothermal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EGS" title=" EGS"> EGS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HDR" title=" HDR"> HDR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20fracturing" title=" hydraulic fracturing"> hydraulic fracturing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103403/optimization-of-hydraulic-fracturing-for-horizontal-wells-in-enhanced-geothermal-reservoirs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1056</span> Assessment of a Coupled Geothermal-Solar Thermal Based Hydrogen Production System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Hamlehdar">Maryam Hamlehdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillermo%20A.%20Narsilio"> Guillermo A. Narsilio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To enhance the feasibility of utilising geothermal hot sedimentary aquifers (HSAs) for clean hydrogen production, one approach is the implementation of solar-integrated geothermal energy systems. This detailed modelling study conducts a thermo-economic assessment of an advanced Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)-based hydrogen production system that uses low-temperature geothermal reservoirs, with a specific focus on hot sedimentary aquifers (HSAs) over a 30-year period. In the proposed hybrid system, solar-thermal energy is used to raise the water temperature extracted from the geothermal production well. This temperature increase leads to a higher steam output, powering the turbine and subsequently enhancing the electricity output for running the electrolyser. Thermodynamic modeling of a parabolic trough solar (PTS) collector is developed and integrated with modeling for a geothermal-based configuration. This configuration includes a closed regenerator cycle (CRC), proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyser, and thermoelectric generator (TEG). Following this, the study investigates the impact of solar energy use on the temperature enhancement of the geothermal reservoir. It assesses the resulting consequences on the lifecycle performance of the hydrogen production system in comparison with a standalone geothermal system. The results indicate that, with the appropriate solar collector area, a combined solar-geothermal hydrogen production system outperforms a standalone geothermal system in both cost and rate of production. These findings underscore a solar-assisted geothermal hybrid system holds the potential to generate lower-cost hydrogen with enhanced efficiency, thereby boosting the appeal of numerous low to medium-temperature geothermal sources for hydrogen production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20hydrogen%20production" title="clean hydrogen production">clean hydrogen production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20solar-geothermal" title=" integrated solar-geothermal"> integrated solar-geothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-temperature%20geothermal%20energy" title=" low-temperature geothermal energy"> low-temperature geothermal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modelling" title=" numerical modelling"> numerical modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182662/assessment-of-a-coupled-geothermal-solar-thermal-based-hydrogen-production-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1055</span> Review of Modern Gas turbine Blade Cooling Technologies used in Aircraft</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arun%20Prasath%20Subramanian">Arun Prasath Subramanian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The turbine Inlet Temperature is an important parameter which determines the efficiency of a gas turbine engine. The increase in this parameter is limited by material constraints of the turbine blade.The modern Gas turbine blade has undergone a drastic change from a simple solid blade to a modern multi-pass blade with internal and external cooling techniques. This paper aims to introduce the reader the concept of turbine blade cooling, the classification of techniques and further explain some of the important internal cooling technologies used in a modern gas turbine blade along with the various factors that affect the cooling effectiveness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine%20blade" title="gas turbine blade">gas turbine blade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20technologies" title=" cooling technologies"> cooling technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20cooling" title=" internal cooling"> internal cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pin-fin%20cooling" title=" pin-fin cooling"> pin-fin cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jet%20impingement%20cooling" title=" jet impingement cooling"> jet impingement cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rib%20turbulated%20cooling" title=" rib turbulated cooling"> rib turbulated cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallic%20foam%20cooling" title=" metallic foam cooling"> metallic foam cooling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39117/review-of-modern-gas-turbine-blade-cooling-technologies-used-in-aircraft" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1054</span> Numerical Simulation of Effect of Various Rib Configurations on Enhancing Heat Transfer of Matrix Cooling Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Min%20Choi">Seok Min Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minho%20Bang"> Minho Bang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seuong%20Yun%20Kim"> Seuong Yun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyungmin%20Lee"> Hyungmin Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Won-Gu%20Joo"> Won-Gu Joo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung%20Hee%20Cho"> Hyung Hee Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The matrix cooling channel was used for gas turbine blade cooling passage. The matrix cooling structure is useful for the structure stability however the cooling performance of internal cooling channel was not enough for cooling. Therefore, we designed the rib configurations in the matrix cooling channel to enhance the cooling performance. The numerical simulation was conducted to analyze cooling performance of rib configured matrix cooling channel. Three different rib configurations were used which are vertical rib, angled rib and c-type rib. Three configurations were adopted in two positions of matrix cooling channel which is one fourth and three fourth of channel. The result shows that downstream rib has much higher cooling performance than upstream rib. Furthermore, the angled rib in the channel has much higher cooling performance than vertical rib. This is because; the angled rib improves the swirl effect of matrix cooling channel more effectively. The friction factor was increased with the installation of rib. However, the thermal performance was increased with the installation of rib in the matrix cooling channel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20cooling" title="matrix cooling">matrix cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rib" title=" rib"> rib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine" title=" gas turbine"> gas turbine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80524/numerical-simulation-of-effect-of-various-rib-configurations-on-enhancing-heat-transfer-of-matrix-cooling-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1053</span> Geothermal Energy Evaluation of Lower Benue Trough Using Spectral Analysis of Aeromagnetic Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stella%20C.%20Okenu">Stella C. Okenu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20O.%20Adikwu"> Stephen O. Adikwu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martins%20E.%20Okoro"> Martins E. Okoro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The geothermal energy resource potential of the Lower Benue Trough (LBT) in Nigeria was evaluated in this study using spectral analysis of high-resolution aeromagnetic (HRAM) data. The reduced to the equator aeromagnetic data was divided into sixteen (16) overlapping blocks, and each of the blocks was analyzed to obtain the radial averaged power spectrum which enabled the computation of the top and centroid depths to magnetic sources. The values were then used to assess the Curie Point Depth (CPD), geothermal gradients, and heat flow variations in the study area. Results showed that CPD varies from 7.03 to 18.23 km, with an average of 12.26 km; geothermal gradient values vary between 31.82 and 82.50°C/km, with an average of 51.21°C/km, while heat flow variations range from 79.54 to 206.26 mW/m², with an average of 128.02 mW/m². Shallow CPD zones that run from the eastern through the western and southwestern parts of the study area correspond to zones of high geothermal gradient values and high subsurface heat flow distributions. These areas signify zones associated with anomalous subsurface thermal conditions and are therefore recommended for detailed geothermal energy exploration studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20energy" title="geothermal energy">geothermal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curie-point%20depth" title=" curie-point depth"> curie-point depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20gradient" title=" geothermal gradient"> geothermal gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20flow" title=" heat flow"> heat flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aeromagnetic%20data" title=" aeromagnetic data"> aeromagnetic data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LBT" title=" LBT"> LBT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174614/geothermal-energy-evaluation-of-lower-benue-trough-using-spectral-analysis-of-aeromagnetic-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1052</span> Physico-Chemical Quality Study of Geothermal Waters of the Region DjéRid-Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anis%20Eloud">Anis Eloud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ben%20Amor"> Mohamed Ben Amor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tunisia is a semi-arid country on ¾ of its territory. It is characterized by the scarcity of water resources and accentuated by climate variability. The potential water resources are estimated at 4.6 million m3 / year, of which 2.7 million m3 / year represent surface water and 1.9 million m3 / year feed all the layers that make up the renewable groundwater resources. Water available in Tunisia easily exceed health or agricultural salinity standards. Barely 50% of water resources are less than 1.5 g / l divided at 72% of surface water salinity, 20% of deep groundwater and only 8% in groundwater levels. Southern Tunisia has the largest web "of water in the country, these waters are characterized by a relatively high salinity may exceed 4 gl-1. This is the "root of many problems encountered during their operation. In the region of Djérid, Albian wells are numerous. These wells debit a geothermal water with an average flow of 390 L / s. This water is characterized by a relatively high salinity and temperature of which is around 65 ° C at the source. Which promotes the formation of limescale deposits within the water supply pipe and the cooling loss thereby increasing the load in direct relation with enormous expense and circuits to replace these lines when completely plugged. The present work is a study of geothermal water quality of the region Djérid from physico-chemical analyzes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title="water quality">water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinity" title=" salinity"> salinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal" title=" geothermal"> geothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20pipe" title=" supply pipe"> supply pipe</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19838/physico-chemical-quality-study-of-geothermal-waters-of-the-region-djerid-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">531</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1051</span> Investigation of Enhanced Geothermal System with CO2 as Working Fluid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruina%20Xu">Ruina Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peixue%20Jiang"> Peixue Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Luo"> Feng Luo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The novel concept of enhanced geothermal system with CO2 instead of water as working fluid (CO2-EGS) has attracted wide attention due to additional benefit of CO2 geological storage during the power generation process. In this research, numerical investigation on a doublet CO2-EGS system is performed, focusing on the influence of the injection/production well perforation location in the targeted geothermal reservoir. Three different reservoir inlet and outlet boundary conditions are used in simulations since the well constrains are different in reality. The results show that CO2-EGS system performance of power generation and power cost vary greatly among cases of different wells perforation locations, and the optimum options under different boundary conditions are also different. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enhanced%20Geothermal%20System" title="Enhanced Geothermal System">Enhanced Geothermal System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercritical%20CO2" title=" supercritical CO2"> supercritical CO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2-EGS" title=" CO2-EGS"> CO2-EGS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2713/investigation-of-enhanced-geothermal-system-with-co2-as-working-fluid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1050</span> Geothermal Prospect Prediction at Mt. Ciremai Using Fault and Fracture Density Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rifqi%20Alfadhillah%20Sentosa">Rifqi Alfadhillah Sentosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasbi%20Fikru%20Syabi"> Hasbi Fikru Syabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen"> Stephen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> West Java is a province in Indonesia which has a number of volcanoes. One of those volcanoes is Mt. Ciremai, located administratively at Kuningan and Majalengka District, and is known for its significant geothermal potential in Java Island. This research aims to assume geothermal prospects at Mt. Ciremai using Fault and Fracture Density (FFD) Method, which is correlated to the geochemistry of geothermal manifestations around the mountain. This FFD method is using SRTM data to draw lineaments, which are assumed associated with fractures and faults in the research area. These faults and fractures were assumed as the paths for reservoir fluids to reached surface as geothermal manifestations. The goal of this method is to analyze the density of those lineaments found in the research area. Based on this FFD Method, it is known that area with high density of lineaments located on Mt. Kromong at the northern side of Mt. Ciremai. This prospect area is proven by its higher geothermometer values compared to geothermometer values calculated at the south area of Mt. Ciremai. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20prospect" title="geothermal prospect">geothermal prospect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20and%20fracture%20density" title=" fault and fracture density"> fault and fracture density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mt.%20Ciremai" title=" Mt. Ciremai"> Mt. Ciremai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20manifestation" title=" surface manifestation"> surface manifestation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64285/geothermal-prospect-prediction-at-mt-ciremai-using-fault-and-fracture-density-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1049</span> Geothermal Energy Potential Estimates of Niger Delta Basin from Recent Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olumide%20J.%20Adedapo">Olumide J. Adedapo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, geothermal energy resource maps of the Niger Delta Basin were constructed using borehole thermal log data from over 300 deep wells. Three major geothermal anomalies were delineated and quantitatively interpreted in both onshore and offshore parts of the Niger Delta. The geothermal maps present the distribution of geothermal energy stored in the sedimentary rock mass in two ways: the accessible resources in depth interval 0-4000 m and static geothermal energy resources stored in the complete sedimentary infill of the basin (from the ground surface to the basement). The first map shows two major onshore anomalies, one in the north (with maximum energy values, 800 GJ/m2), another in the east to northeastern part (maximum energy values of 1250–1500 GJ/m2). Another two major anomalies occur offshore, one in the south with values of 750-1000 GJ/m2, occurring at about 100 km seawards and the other, in the southwest offshore with values 750-1250 GJ/m2, still at about 100 km from the shore. A second map of the Niger Delta shows a small anomaly in the northern part with the maximum value of 1500 GJ/m2 and a major anomaly occurring in the eastern part of the basin, onshore, with values of 2000-3500 GJ/m2. Offshore in the south and southwest anomalies in the total sedimentary rock mass occur with highest values up to 4000GJ/m2, with the southwestern anomaly extending west to the shore. It is much of interest to note the seaward–westward extension of these anomalies both in size, configuration, and magnitude for the geothermal energy in the total sedimentary thickness to the underlying basement. These anomalous fields show the most favourable locations and areas for further work on geothermal energy resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20energy" title="geothermal energy">geothermal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offshore" title=" offshore"> offshore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niger%20delta" title=" Niger delta"> Niger delta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basin" title=" basin "> basin </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56752/geothermal-energy-potential-estimates-of-niger-delta-basin-from-recent-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1048</span> Mathematical Modeling of District Cooling Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dana%20Alghool">Dana Alghool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20%20ElMekkawy"> Tarek ElMekkawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Haouari"> Mohamed Haouari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Elomari"> Adel Elomari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> District cooling systems have captured the attentions of many researchers recently due to the enormous benefits offered by such system in comparison with traditional cooling technologies. It is considered a major component of urban cities due to the significant reduction of energy consumption. This paper aims to find the optimal design and operation of district cooling systems by developing a mixed integer linear programming model to minimize the annual total system cost and satisfy the end-user cooling demand. The proposed model is experimented with different cooling demand scenarios. The results of the very high cooling demand scenario are only presented in this paper. A sensitivity analysis on different parameters of the model was performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annual%20Cooling%20Demand" title="Annual Cooling Demand">Annual Cooling Demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Compression%20Chiller" title=" Compression Chiller"> Compression Chiller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathematical%20Modeling" title=" Mathematical Modeling"> Mathematical Modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=District%20Cooling%20Systems" title=" District Cooling Systems"> District Cooling Systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Optimization" title=" Optimization"> Optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118677/mathematical-modeling-of-district-cooling-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1047</span> Optimal Geothermal Borehole Design Guided By Dynamic Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongshan%20Guo">Hongshan Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ground-source heat pumps provide stable and reliable heating and cooling when designed properly. The confounding effect of the borehole depth for a GSHP system, however, is rarely taken into account for any optimization: the determination of the borehole depth usually comes prior to the selection of corresponding system components and thereafter any optimization of the GSHP system. The depth of the borehole is important to any GSHP system because the shallower the borehole, the larger the fluctuation of temperature of the near-borehole soil temperature. This could lead to fluctuations of the coefficient of performance (COP) for the GSHP system in the long term when the heating/cooling demand is large. Yet the deeper the boreholes are drilled, the more the drilling cost and the operational expenses for the circulation. A controller that reads different building load profiles, optimizing for the smallest costs and temperature fluctuation at the borehole wall, eventually providing borehole depth as the output is developed. Due to the nature of the nonlinear dynamic nature of the GSHP system, it was found that between conventional optimal controller problem and model predictive control problem, the latter was found to be more feasible due to a possible history of both the trajectory during the iteration as well as the final output could be computed and compared against. Aside from a few scenarios of different weighting factors, the resulting system costs were verified with literature and reports and were found to be relatively accurate, while the temperature fluctuation at the borehole wall was also found to be within acceptable range. It was therefore determined that the MPC is adequate to optimize for the investment as well as the system performance for various outputs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20borehole" title="geothermal borehole">geothermal borehole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPC" title=" MPC"> MPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20modeling" title=" dynamic modeling"> dynamic modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37120/optimal-geothermal-borehole-design-guided-by-dynamic-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1046</span> [Keynote Speaker]: Enhancing the Performance of a Photovoltaic Module Using Different Cooling Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Amine%20Hachicha">Ahmed Amine Hachicha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Temperature effect on the performance of a photovoltaic module is one of the main concern that face this renewable energy, especially in the hot arid region, e.g United Arab Emirates. Overheating of the PV modules reduces the open circuit voltage and the efficiency of the modules dramatically. In this work, water cooling is developed to enhance the performance of PV modules. Different scenarios are tested under UAE weather conditions: front, back and double cooling. A spraying system is used for the front cooling whether a direct contact water system is used for the back cooling. The experimental results are compared to a non-cooling module and the performance of the PV module is determined for different situations. A mathematical model is presented to estimate the theoretical performance and validate the experimental results with and without cooling. The experimental results show that the front cooling is more effective than the back cooling and may decrease the temperature of the PV module significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV%20cooling" title="PV cooling">PV cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20methods" title=" cooling methods"> cooling methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20efficiency" title=" electrical efficiency"> electrical efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect" title=" temperature effect"> temperature effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34166/keynote-speaker-enhancing-the-performance-of-a-photovoltaic-module-using-different-cooling-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34166.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1045</span> Thermal Effects on Wellbore Stability and Fluid Loss in High-Temperature Geothermal Drilling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mubarek%20Alpkiray">Mubarek Alpkiray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Nguyen"> Tan Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arild%20Saasen"> Arild Saasen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geothermal drilling operations contain numerous challenges that are encountered to increase the well cost and nonproductive time. Fluid loss is one of the most undesirable troublesome that can cause well abandonment in geothermal drilling. Lost circulation can be seen due to natural fractures, high mud weight, and extremely high formation temperatures. This challenge may cause wellbore stability problems and lead to expensive drilling operations. Wellbore stability is the main domain that should be considered to mitigate or prevent fluid loss into the formation. This paper describes the causes of fluid loss in the Pamukoren geothermal field in Turkey. A geomechanics approach integration and assessment is applied to help the understanding of fluid loss problems. In geothermal drillings, geomechanics is primarily based on rock properties, in-situ stress characterization, the temperature of the rock, determination of stresses around the wellbore, and rock failure criteria. Since a high-temperature difference between the wellbore wall and drilling fluid is presented, temperature distribution through the wellbore is estimated and implemented to the wellbore stability approach. This study reviewed geothermal drilling data to analyze temperature estimation along the wellbore, the cause of fluid loss and stored electric capacity of the reservoir. Our observation demonstrates the geomechanical approach's significant role in understanding safe drilling operations on high-temperature wells. Fluid loss is encountered due to thermal stress effects around the borehole. This paper provides a wellbore stability analysis for a geothermal drilling operation to discuss the causes of lost circulation resulting in nonproductive time and cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20wells" title="geothermal wells">geothermal wells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling" title=" drilling"> drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wellbore%20stresses" title=" wellbore stresses"> wellbore stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling%20fluid%20loss" title=" drilling fluid loss"> drilling fluid loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20stress" title=" thermal stress"> thermal stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143311/thermal-effects-on-wellbore-stability-and-fluid-loss-in-high-temperature-geothermal-drilling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1044</span> Ground Source Ventilation and Solar PV Towards a Zero-Carbon House in Riyadh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osamah%20S.%20Alanazi">Osamah S. Alanazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20G.%20Kotbi"> Mohammad G. Kotbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20O.%20AlFadil"> Mohammed O. AlFadil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While renewable energy technology is developing in Saudi Arabia, and the ambitious 2030 vision encourages the shift towards more efficient and clean energy usage. The research on the application of geothermal resources in residential use for the Saudi Arabian context will contribute towards a more sustainable environment. This paper is a part of an ongoing master's thesis, which its main goal is to investigate the possibility of achieving a zero-carbon house in Riyadh by applying a ground-coupled system into a current sustainable house that uses a grid-tied solar system. The current house was built and designed by King Saud University for the 2018 middle east solar decathlon competition. However, it failed to reach zero-carbon operation due to the high cooling demand. This study will redesign and validate the house using Revit and Carriers Hourly Analysis 'HAP' software with the use of ordinary least square 'OLS' regression. After that, a ground source ventilation system will be designed using the 'GCV Tool' to reduce cooling loads. After the application of the ground source system, the new electrical loads will be compared with the current house. Finally, a simple economic analysis that includes the cost of applying a ground source system will be reported. The findings of this study will indicate the possibility and feasibility of reaching a zero-carbon house in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using a ground-coupled ventilation system. While cooling in the residential sector is the dominant energy consumer in the Gulf region, this work will certainly help in moving towards using renewable sources to meet those demands. This paper will be limited to highlight the literature review, the methodology of the research, and the expected outcome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title="renewable energy">renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-carbon%20houses" title=" zero-carbon houses"> zero-carbon houses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20buildings" title=" sustainable buildings"> sustainable buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20energy" title=" geothermal energy"> geothermal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20PV" title=" solar PV"> solar PV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GCV%20Tool" title=" GCV Tool "> GCV Tool </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135559/ground-source-ventilation-and-solar-pv-towards-a-zero-carbon-house-in-riyadh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1043</span> Integrating Circular Economy Framework into Life Cycle Analysis: An Exploratory Study Applied to Geothermal Power Generation Technologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingyi%20Li">Jingyi Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laurence%20Stamford"> Laurence Stamford</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alejandro%20Gallego-Schmid"> Alejandro Gallego-Schmid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Renewable electricity has become an indispensable contributor to achieving net-zero by the mid-century to tackle climate change. Unlike solar, wind, or hydro, geothermal was stagnant in its electricity production development for decades. However, with the significant breakthrough made in recent years, especially the implementation of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) in various regions globally, geothermal electricity could play a pivotal role in alleviating greenhouse gas emissions. Life cycle assessment has been applied to analyze specific geothermal power generation technologies, which proposed suggestions to optimize its environmental performance. For instance, selecting a high heat gradient region enables a higher flow rate from the production well and extends the technical lifespan. Although such process-level improvements have been made, the significance of geothermal power generation technologies so far has not explicitly displayed its competitiveness on a broader horizon. Therefore, this review-based study integrates a circular economy framework into life cycle assessment, clarifying the underlying added values for geothermal power plants to complete the sustainability profile. The derived results have provided an enlarged platform to discuss geothermal power generation technologies: (i) recover the heat and electricity from the process to reduce the fossil fuel requirements; (ii) recycle the construction materials, such as copper, steel, and aluminum for future projects; (iii) extract the lithium ions from geothermal brine and make geothermal reservoir become a potential supplier of the lithium battery industry; (iv) repurpose the abandoned oil and gas wells to build geothermal power plants; (v) integrate geothermal energy with other available renewable energies (e.g., solar and wind) to provide heat and electricity as a hybrid system at different weather; (vi) rethink the fluids used in stimulation process (EGS only), replace water with CO2 to achieve negative emissions from the system. These results provided a new perspective to the researchers, investors, and policymakers to rethink the role of geothermal in the energy supply network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate" title="climate">climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%20strategies" title=" R strategies"> R strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143531/integrating-circular-economy-framework-into-life-cycle-analysis-an-exploratory-study-applied-to-geothermal-power-generation-technologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1042</span> Field-observed Thermal Fractures during Reinjection and Its Numerical Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen%20Luo">Wen Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phil%20J.%20Vardon"> Phil J. Vardon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne-Catherine%20Dieudonne"> Anne-Catherine Dieudonne</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One key process that partly controls the success of geothermal projects is fluid reinjection, which benefits in dealing with waste water, maintaining reservoir pressure, and supplying heat-exchange media, etc. Thus, sustaining the injectivity is of great importance for the efficiency and sustainability of geothermal production. However, the injectivity is sensitive to the reinjection process. Field experiences have illustrated that the injectivity can be damaged or improved. In this paper, the focus is on how the injectivity is improved. Since the injection pressure is far below the formation fracture pressure, hydraulic fracturing cannot be the mechanism contributing to the increase in injectivity. Instead, thermal stimulation has been identified as the main contributor to improving the injectivity. For low-enthalpy geothermal reservoirs, which are not fracture-controlled, thermal fracturing, instead of thermal shearing, is expected to be the mechanism for increasing injectivity. In this paper, field data from the sedimentary low-enthalpy geothermal reservoirs in the Netherlands were analysed to show the occurrence of thermal fracturing due to the cooling shock during reinjection. Injection data were collected and compared to show the effects of the thermal fractures on injectivity. Then, a thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) model for the near field formation was developed and solved by finite element method to simulate the observed thermal fractures. It was then compared with the HM model, decomposed from the THM model, to illustrate the thermal effects on thermal fracturing. Finally, the effects of operational parameters, i.e. injection temperature and pressure, on the changes in injectivity were studied on the basis of the THM model. The field data analysis and simulation results illustrate that the thermal fracturing occurred during reinjection and contributed to the increase in injectivity. The injection temperature was identified as a key parameter that contributes to thermal fracturing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injectivity" title="injectivity">injectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinjection" title=" reinjection"> reinjection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20fracturing" title=" thermal fracturing"> thermal fracturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-hydro-mechanical%20model" title=" thermo-hydro-mechanical model"> thermo-hydro-mechanical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140921/field-observed-thermal-fractures-during-reinjection-and-its-numerical-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">217</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1041</span> Efficiency Validation of Hybrid Geothermal and Radiant Cooling System Implementation in Hot and Humid Climate Houses of Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamil%20Hijazi">Jamil Hijazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stirling%20Howieson"> Stirling Howieson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over one-quarter of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s total oil production (2.8 million barrels a day) is used for electricity generation. The built environment is estimated to consume 77% of the total energy production. Of this amount, air conditioning systems consume about 80%. Apart from considerations surrounding global warming and CO2 production it has to be recognised that oil is a finite resource and the KSA like many other oil rich countries will have to start to consider a horizon where hydro-carbons are not the dominant energy resource. The employment of hybrid ground cooling pipes in combination with black body solar collection and radiant night cooling systems may have the potential to displace a significant proportion of oil currently used to run conventional air conditioning plant. This paper presents an investigation into the viability of such hybrid systems with the specific aim of reducing carbon emissions while providing all year round thermal comfort in a typical Saudi Arabian urban housing block. At the outset air and soil temperatures were measured in the city of Jeddah. A parametric study then was carried out by computational simulation software (Design Builder) that utilised the field measurements and predicted the cooling energy consumption of both a base case and an ideal scenario (typical block retro-fitted with insulation, solar shading, ground pipes integrated with hypocaust floor slabs/ stack ventilation and radiant cooling pipes embed in floor).Initial simulation results suggest that careful ‘ecological design’ combined with hybrid radiant and ground pipe cooling techniques can displace air conditioning systems, producing significant cost and carbon savings (both capital and running) without appreciable deprivation of amenity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20pipe" title=" ground pipe"> ground pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20cooling" title=" hybrid cooling"> hybrid cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiative%20cooling" title=" radiative cooling"> radiative cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70805/efficiency-validation-of-hybrid-geothermal-and-radiant-cooling-system-implementation-in-hot-and-humid-climate-houses-of-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1040</span> Investigation of Geothermal Gradient of the Niger Delta from Recent Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adedapo%20Jepson%20Olumide">Adedapo Jepson Olumide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kurowska%20Ewa"> Kurowska Ewa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Schoeneich"> K. Schoeneich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikpokonte%20A.%20Enoch"> Ikpokonte A. Enoch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, subsurface temperature measured from continuous temperature logs were used to determine the geothermal gradient of NigerDelta sedimentary basin. The measured temperatures were corrected to the true subsurface temperatures by applying the American Association of Petroleum Resources (AAPG) correction factor, borehole temperature correction factor with La Max’s correction factor and Zeta Utilities borehole correction factor. Geothermal gradient in this basin ranges from 1.20C to 7.560C/100m. Six geothermal anomalies centres were observed at depth in the southern parts of the Abakaliki anticlinorium around Onitsha, Ihiala, Umuaha area and named A1 to A6 while two more centre appeared at depth of 3500m and 4000m named A7 and A8 respectively. Anomaly A1 describes the southern end of the Abakaliki anticlinorium and extends southwards, anomaly A2 to A5 were found associated with a NW-SE structural alignment of the Calabar hinge line with structures describing the edge of the Niger Delta basin with the basement block of the Oban massif. Anomaly A6 locates in the south-eastern part of the basin offshore while A7 and A8 are located in the south western part of the basin offshore. At the average exploratory depth of 3500m, the geothermal gradient values for these anomalies A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, and A8 are 6.50C/100m, 1.750C/100m, 7.50C/100m, 1.250C/100m, 6.50C/100m, 5.50C/100m, 60C/100m, and 2.250C/100m respectively. Anomaly A8 area may yield higher thermal value at greater depth than 3500m. These results show that anomalies areas of A1, A3, A5, A6 and A7 are potentially prospective and explorable for geothermal energy using abandoned oil wells in the study area. Anomalies A1, A3.A5, A6 occur at areas where drilled boreholes were not exploitable for oil and gas but for the remaining areas where wells are so exploitable there appears no geothermal anomaly. Geothermal energy is environmentally friendly, clean and reversible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20logs" title="temperature logs">temperature logs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20gradient%20anomalies" title=" geothermal gradient anomalies"> geothermal gradient anomalies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20energy" title=" alternative energy"> alternative energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niger%20delta%20basin" title=" Niger delta basin"> Niger delta basin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56754/investigation-of-geothermal-gradient-of-the-niger-delta-from-recent-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20cooling&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20cooling&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20cooling&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20cooling&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20cooling&page=6">6</a></li> <li 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