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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Hungary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hungary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_of_the_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_of_the_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Date of the election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_of_the_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Electoral system </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Electoral_system-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Electoral system subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Electoral_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Attempts_at_electoral_reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attempts_at_electoral_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Attempts at electoral reform </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attempts_at_electoral_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apportionment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apportionment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Apportionment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apportionment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_system_by_country" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_system_by_country"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Electoral system by country </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_system_by_country-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lead_candidates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lead_candidates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Lead candidates </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lead_candidates-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Lead candidates subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Lead_candidates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spitzenkandidat_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spitzenkandidat_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Spitzenkandidat system </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spitzenkandidat_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overview_of_party_candidates_for_Commission_President_in_2024" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview_of_party_candidates_for_Commission_President_in_2024"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Overview of party candidates for Commission President in 2024 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview_of_party_candidates_for_Commission_President_in_2024-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_People's_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_People's_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 European People's Party </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_People's_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_of_European_Socialists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_of_European_Socialists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Party of European Socialists </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_of_European_Socialists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Democratic_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Democratic_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 European Democratic Party </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Democratic_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Green_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Green_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7 European Green Party </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Green_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Free_Alliance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Free_Alliance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.8 European Free Alliance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Free_Alliance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_of_the_European_Left" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_of_the_European_Left"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.9 Party of the European Left </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_of_the_European_Left-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Christian_Political_Movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Christian_Political_Movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.10 European Christian Political Movement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Christian_Political_Movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Pirate_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Pirate_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.11 European Pirate Party </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Pirate_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Volt_Europa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Volt_Europa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.12 Volt Europa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Volt_Europa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Issues </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Issues subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate_change" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_change"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Climate change </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_change-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Immigration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Potential_enlargement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Potential_enlargement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Potential enlargement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Potential_enlargement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Campaign </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campaign-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campaign subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_future_of_Ursula_von_der_Leyen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_future_of_Ursula_von_der_Leyen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 The future of Ursula von der Leyen </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_future_of_Ursula_von_der_Leyen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_future_of_Charles_Michel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_future_of_Charles_Michel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 The future of Charles Michel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_future_of_Charles_Michel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_influence_scandal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_influence_scandal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Russian influence scandal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_influence_scandal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future_European_Parliament_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_European_Parliament_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Future European Parliament groups </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future_European_Parliament_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Debates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Debates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Debates </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Debates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-29_April_(Maastricht,_Netherlands)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#29_April_(Maastricht,_Netherlands)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.1 29 April (Maastricht, Netherlands) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-29_April_(Maastricht,_Netherlands)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21_May_(Brussels,_Belgium)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21_May_(Brussels,_Belgium)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.2 21 May (Brussels, Belgium) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21_May_(Brussels,_Belgium)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-23_May_(Brussels,_Belgium)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#23_May_(Brussels,_Belgium)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5.3 23 May (Brussels, Belgium) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-23_May_(Brussels,_Belgium)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voting_advice_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voting_advice_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Voting advice applications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voting_advice_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Opinion polling and seat projections </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Opinion polling and seat projections subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Polling_aggregations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polling_aggregations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Polling aggregations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polling_aggregations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Seat_projections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seat_projections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Seat projections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seat_projections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_vote_projections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_vote_projections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 Popular vote projections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_vote_projections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voter_turnout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voter_turnout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Voter turnout </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voter_turnout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Results </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Results subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-European_parties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_parties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 European parties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_parties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MEPs_who_lost_their_seat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MEPs_who_lost_their_seat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 MEPs who lost their seat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MEPs_who_lost_their_seat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Groups_formed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Groups_formed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Groups formed </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Groups_formed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-By_country" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_country"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3.1 By country </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_country-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Aftermath </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Aftermath subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Reactions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parliament_formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliament_formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Parliament formation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliament_formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-European_People's_Party_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_People's_Party_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.1 European People's Party </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_People's_Party_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Conservatives_and_Reformists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Conservatives_and_Reformists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.2 European Conservatives and Reformists </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Conservatives_and_Reformists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greens/EFA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greens/EFA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.3 Greens/EFA </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greens/EFA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renew_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renew_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.4 Renew Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renew_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Left" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Left"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.5 The Left </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Left-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Identity_and_Democracy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identity_and_Democracy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.6 Identity and Democracy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identity_and_Democracy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Patriots_for_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Patriots_for_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.7 Patriots for Europe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Patriots_for_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2.8 Europe of Sovereign Nations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commission_formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commission_formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.3 Commission formation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commission_formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 See also </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle See also subsection </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Concurrent_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concurrent_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Concurrent elections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concurrent_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" > 38 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Europese_Parlementsverkiesings" title="2024 Europese Parlementsverkiesings – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="2024 Europese Parlementsverkiesings" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europawahl_2024" title="Europawahl 2024 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Europawahl 2024" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A_2024" title="انتخابات البرلمان الأوروبي 2024 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انتخابات البرلمان الأوروبي 2024" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_(2024)" title="Избори за Европейския парламент (2024) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Избори за Европейския парламент (2024)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleccions_al_Parlament_Europeu_de_2024" title="Eleccions al Parlament Europeu de 2024 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eleccions al Parlament Europeu de 2024" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volby_do_Evropsk%C3%A9ho_parlamentu_2024" title="Volby do Evropského parlamentu 2024 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Volby do Evropského parlamentu 2024" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa-Parlamentsvalget_2024" title="Europa-Parlamentsvalget 2024 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Europa-Parlamentsvalget 2024" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europawahl_2024" title="Europawahl 2024 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Europawahl 2024" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%85%CF%81%CF%89%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82_2024" title="Ευρωεκλογές 2024 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ευρωεκλογές 2024" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecciones_al_Parlamento_Europeo_de_2024" title="Elecciones al Parlamento Europeo de 2024 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elecciones al Parlamento Europeo de 2024" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C5%ADropaj_balotoj_2024" title="Eŭropaj balotoj 2024 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eŭropaj balotoj 2024" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024ko_Europako_Parlamenturako_hauteskundeak" title="2024ko Europako Parlamenturako hauteskundeak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="2024ko Europako Parlamenturako hauteskundeak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7_(%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B2%DB%B4)" title="انتخابات پارلمان اروپا (۲۰۲۴) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتخابات پارلمان اروپا (۲۰۲۴)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lections_europ%C3%A9ennes_de_2024" title="Élections européennes de 2024 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élections européennes de 2024" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghch%C3%A1n_Pharlaimint_na_hEorpa,_2024" title="Toghchán Pharlaimint na hEorpa, 2024 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Toghchán Pharlaimint na hEorpa, 2024" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecci%C3%B3ns_ao_Parlamento_Europeo_de_2024" title="Eleccións ao Parlamento Europeo de 2024 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Eleccións ao Parlamento Europeo de 2024" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024%EB%85%84_%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD_%EC%9D%98%ED%9A%8C_%EC%84%A0%EA%B1%B0" title="2024년 유럽 의회 선거 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="2024년 유럽 의회 선거" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izbori_za_Europski_parlament_2024." title="Izbori za Europski parlament 2024. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Izbori za Europski parlament 2024." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezioni_europee_del_2024" title="Elezioni europee del 2024 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elezioni europee del 2024" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99_2024" title="הבחירות לפרלמנט האירופי 2024 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבחירות לפרלמנט האירופי 2024" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024._gada_Eiropas_Parlamenta_v%C4%93l%C4%93%C5%A1anas" title="2024. gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="2024. gada Eiropas Parlamenta vēlēšanas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wale_fir_d%27Europ%C3%A4escht_Parlament_2024" title="Wale fir d'Europäescht Parlament 2024 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wale fir d'Europäescht Parlament 2024" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024-es_eur%C3%B3pai_parlamenti_v%C3%A1laszt%C3%A1s" title="2024-es európai parlamenti választás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="2024-es európai parlamenti választás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkiezingen_voor_het_Europees_Parlement_2024" title="Verkiezingen voor het Europees Parlement 2024 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Verkiezingen voor het Europees Parlement 2024" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E6%AC%A7%E5%B7%9E%E8%AD%B0%E4%BC%9A%E8%AD%B0%E5%93%A1%E9%81%B8%E6%8C%99" title="2024年欧州議会議員選挙 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="2024年欧州議会議員選挙" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europaparlamentsvalget_2024" title="Europaparlamentsvalget 2024 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Europaparlamentsvalget 2024" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wybory_do_Parlamentu_Europejskiego_w_2024_roku" title="Wybory do Parlamentu Europejskiego w 2024 roku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wybory do Parlamentu Europejskiego w 2024 roku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es_europeias_de_2024" title="Eleições europeias de 2024 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eleições europeias de 2024" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegeri_pentru_Parlamentul_European,_2024" title="Alegeri pentru Parlamentul European, 2024 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alegeri pentru Parlamentul European, 2024" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_(2024)" title="Выборы в Европейский парламент (2024) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Выборы в Европейский парламент (2024)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election" title="2024 European Parliament election – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="2024 European Parliament election" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vo%C4%BEby_do_Eur%C3%B3pskeho_parlamentu_v_roku_2024" title="Voľby do Európskeho parlamentu v roku 2024 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Voľby do Európskeho parlamentu v roku 2024" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volitve_v_Evropski_parlament_2024" title="Volitve v Evropski parlament 2024 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Volitve v Evropski parlament 2024" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europarlamenttivaalit_2024" title="Europarlamenttivaalit 2024 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Europarlamenttivaalit 2024" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europaparlamentsvalet_2024" title="Europaparlamentsvalet 2024 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Europaparlamentsvalet 2024" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Avrupa_Parlamentosu_se%C3%A7imleri" title="2024 Avrupa Parlamentosu seçimleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="2024 Avrupa Parlamentosu seçimleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83_2024" title="Вибори до Європейського парламенту 2024 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вибори до Європейського парламенту 2024" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" title="2024年歐洲議會選舉 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="2024年歐洲議會選舉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q70253009#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1247979735">.mw-parser-output .ib-election{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-label{width:5em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:400px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">2024 European Parliament election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/50px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/75px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/100px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">2019</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class="">6–9 June 2024</td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2029_European_Parliament_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2029 European Parliament election">2029</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_European_Parliament_(2019%E2%80%932024)" title="List of members of the European Parliament (2019–2024)">outgoing members</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_European_Parliament_(2024%E2%80%932029)" title="List of members of the European Parliament (2024–2029)">elected members</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />All 720 <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">seats</a> to the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a><a href="#cite_note-seats-1">[a]</a> 361 seats needed for a majority</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections_for_the_2024_European_Parliament_election" title="Opinion polling and seat projections for the 2024 European Parliament election">Opinion polls</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">(50.74%<a href="#cite_note-2">[1]</a> <img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.08 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #3399FF"><div class=""> <div style="width: 115px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg/120px-Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg/180px-Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg/240px-Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3344" data-file-height="4456" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #F0001C"><div class=""> <div style="width: 115px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -2px; left: -0px; width: 115px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicolas_Schmit_-_2023_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Nicolas Schmit - 2023 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Nicolas_Schmit_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/115px-Nicolas_Schmit_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Nicolas_Schmit_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/173px-Nicolas_Schmit_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Nicolas_Schmit_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/230px-Nicolas_Schmit_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="713" data-file-height="1070" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #253082"><a href="/wiki/File:Patriots_for_Europe_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Patriots_for_Europe_logo.svg/100px-Patriots_for_Europe_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Patriots_for_Europe_logo.svg/150px-Patriots_for_Europe_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Patriots_for_Europe_logo.svg/200px-Patriots_for_Europe_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="225" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Schmit" title="Nicolas Schmit">Nicolas Schmit</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">None<a href="#cite_note-Vistisen-5">[b]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Alliance </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group" title="European People's Party Group">EPP</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">PfE</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader's seat </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">Not running </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">Not running </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">– </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Last election </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">187 seats </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">148 seats </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">New group </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">188 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">136 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">84 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 1 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 12 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 8<a href="#cite_note-6">[c]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #196CA8"><a href="/wiki/File:ECR_Group_logo_(2020%E2%80%93present).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/ECR_Group_logo_%282020%E2%80%93present%29.svg/100px-ECR_Group_logo_%282020%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/ECR_Group_logo_%282020%E2%80%93present%29.svg/150px-ECR_Group_logo_%282020%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/ECR_Group_logo_%282020%E2%80%93present%29.svg/200px-ECR_Group_logo_%282020%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="544" data-file-height="192" /></a> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #FFD700"><div class=""> <div style="width: 115px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -45px; width: 200px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:2023-09-28-Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann-Deutscher_Fernsehpreis_2023_-0309.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="2023-09-28-Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann-Deutscher Fernsehpreis 2023 -0309.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/2023-09-28-Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann-Deutscher_Fernsehpreis_2023_-0309.jpg/200px-2023-09-28-Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann-Deutscher_Fernsehpreis_2023_-0309.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/2023-09-28-Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann-Deutscher_Fernsehpreis_2023_-0309.jpg/300px-2023-09-28-Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann-Deutscher_Fernsehpreis_2023_-0309.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/2023-09-28-Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann-Deutscher_Fernsehpreis_2023_-0309.jpg/400px-2023-09-28-Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann-Deutscher_Fernsehpreis_2023_-0309.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4480" data-file-height="6720" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #57B45F"><table style="border:none; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 58px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -28px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:BDK_Karlsruhe_Nov_2023_Terry_Reintke_2_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="BDK Karlsruhe Nov 2023 Terry Reintke 2 cropped.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BDK_Karlsruhe_Nov_2023_Terry_Reintke_2_cropped.jpg/120px-BDK_Karlsruhe_Nov_2023_Terry_Reintke_2_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BDK_Karlsruhe_Nov_2023_Terry_Reintke_2_cropped.jpg/180px-BDK_Karlsruhe_Nov_2023_Terry_Reintke_2_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BDK_Karlsruhe_Nov_2023_Terry_Reintke_2_cropped.jpg/240px-BDK_Karlsruhe_Nov_2023_Terry_Reintke_2_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="2427" /></a></div></div> </div> </div></td> <td style="padding:0;"><div class=""> <div style="width: 57px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -40px; left: -585px; width: 1000px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Speech_of_the_Lead_Candidates_(47941849351).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Speech of the Lead Candidates (47941849351).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Speech_of_the_Lead_Candidates_%2847941849351%29.jpg/1000px-Speech_of_the_Lead_Candidates_%2847941849351%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="1000" height="667" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Speech_of_the_Lead_Candidates_%2847941849351%29.jpg/1500px-Speech_of_the_Lead_Candidates_%2847941849351%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Speech_of_the_Lead_Candidates_%2847941849351%29.jpg/2000px-Speech_of_the_Lead_Candidates_%2847941849351%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1366" /></a></div></div> </div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">None </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann" title="Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann">Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann</a><a href="#cite_note-Renew_lead_candidate-7">[d]</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Reintke" title="Terry Reintke">Terry Reintke</a> <a href="/wiki/Bas_Eickhout" title="Bas Eickhout">Bas Eickhout</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Alliance </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens/EFA</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader's seat </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">– </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Germany_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Germany (European Parliament constituency)">Germany</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Germany_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Germany (European Parliament constituency)">Germany</a> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Netherlands (European Parliament constituency)">Netherlands</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Last election </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">62 seats </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">97 seats </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">67 seats </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">78 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">77 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">53 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 16 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 20 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 14 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #B71C1C"><div class=""> <div style="width: 115px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -23px; left: -248px; width: 590px"><div class="noresize"><a href="/wiki/File:Augsburger_Parteitag_-_Walter_Baier_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Augsburger Parteitag - Walter Baier 2.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Augsburger_Parteitag_-_Walter_Baier_2.jpg/590px-Augsburger_Parteitag_-_Walter_Baier_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="590" height="393" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Augsburger_Parteitag_-_Walter_Baier_2.jpg/885px-Augsburger_Parteitag_-_Walter_Baier_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Augsburger_Parteitag_-_Walter_Baier_2.jpg/1180px-Augsburger_Parteitag_-_Walter_Baier_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5554" data-file-height="3704" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #13517E"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Baier" title="Walter Baier">Walter Baier</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">None </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Alliance </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">ESN</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader's seat </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">Not running </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">– </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Last election </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">40 seats </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">New group </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">46 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">25 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 6 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">– </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><a href="/wiki/File:2024_EP_election_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Largest group and distribution of seats within each country."><img alt="Largest group and distribution of seats within each country." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/2024_EP_election_map.svg/411px-2024_EP_election_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="411" height="450" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/2024_EP_election_map.svg/617px-2024_EP_election_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/2024_EP_election_map.svg/822px-2024_EP_election_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="580" /></a><div>Results by member state, shaded by EP group popular vote winner</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a> before election <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">EPP</a> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;">President of the European Commission <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">EPP</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Category:Politics of the European Union">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Politics of the European Union">Politics of the European Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/125px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/188px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/250px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">Member states</a> (27)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Candidate countries</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Albania_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Albania to the European Union">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Georgia–European Union relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Moldova_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Moldova to the European Union">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Montenegro_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Montenegro to the European Union">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_North_Macedonia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of North Macedonia to the European Union">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Serbia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Serbia to the European Union">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Ukraine</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Countries with suspended accession negotiations</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Turkey_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Turkey to the European Union">Turkey</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Applicant countries</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Kosovo_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Kosovo to the European Union">Kosovo</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_territories_of_states_participating_in_the_European_integration" class="mw-redirect" title="Special territories of states participating in the European integration">Special territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="Belgium–Germany relations">Belgium–Germany relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="France–Germany relations">France–Germany relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Germany–Netherlands relations">Germany–Netherlands relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_three" title="EU three">EU 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawal from the European Union</a></li></ul> <hr /></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Treaties and Declarations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schuman_Declaration" title="Schuman Declaration">Schuman Declaration</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1951)" title="Treaty of Paris (1951)">Treaty of Paris</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_Declaration" title="Europe Declaration">Europe Declaration</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaak_Report" title="Spaak Report">Spaak Report</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome" title="Treaty of Rome">Treaty of Rome</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euratom_Treaty" title="Euratom Treaty">Euratom Treaty</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merger_Treaty" title="Merger Treaty">Merger Treaty</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Declaration_on_European_Union" title="Solemn Declaration on European Union">Solemn Declaration</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_European_Act" title="Single European Act">Single European Act</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maastricht_Treaty" title="Maastricht Treaty">Maastricht Treaty</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amsterdam" title="Treaty of Amsterdam">Treaty of Amsterdam</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Nice" title="Treaty of Nice">Treaty of Nice</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Declaration_(2007)" title="Berlin Declaration (2007)">Berlin Declaration</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Treaty of Lisbon</a> (2007) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Article_7_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union" title="Article 7 of the Treaty on European Union">Article 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Article 50</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Opt-outs_in_the_European_Union" title="Opt-outs in the European Union">Opt-outs</a></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Treaties of accession</div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1972" title="Treaty of Accession 1972">1972</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1979" title="Treaty of Accession 1979">1979</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1985" title="Treaty of Accession 1985">1985</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1994" title="Treaty of Accession 1994">1994</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2003" title="Treaty of Accession 2003">2003</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2005" title="Treaty of Accession 2005">2005</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2011" title="Treaty of Accession 2011">2011</a></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Treaties of succession</div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities" title="Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities">1984</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Brexit withdrawal agreement">2020</a></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Other treaties</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Agreement" title="Schengen Agreement">Schengen Agreement</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area Agreement</a> (1992)</li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Abandoned treaties and agreements</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_a_Constitution_for_Europe" title="Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe">European Constitution</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_United_Kingdom_renegotiation_of_European_Union_membership" title="2015–2016 United Kingdom renegotiation of European Union membership">UK membership renegotiation</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Executive institutions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">Costa</a> (PES) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Council#Political_parties" title="European Council">Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Council_meetings" title="List of European Council meetings">List of meetings</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Von_der_Leyen_Commission_II" title="Von der Leyen Commission II">Von der Leyen Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Von der Leyen</a> (EPP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_the_European_Commission" title="Vice-President of the European Commission">Vice Presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commissioner">College of Commissioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Civil_Service" title="European Civil Service">Civil Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_European_Commission" title="Secretary-General of the European Commission">Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ilze_Juhansone" title="Ilze Juhansone"> Juhansone</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_legislative_procedure" title="European Union legislative procedure">Legislative institutions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_legislative_procedure" title="European Union legislative procedure">Legislative procedure</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council of the EU</a> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">Presidency</a></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2025_Polish_Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="2025 Polish Presidency of the Council of the European Union">Poland</a></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">(<a href="/wiki/2025_Polish_Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="2025 Polish Presidency of the Council of the European Union">January–June 2025</a>) </div></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Configurations</div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Affairs_Council" title="General Affairs Council">GAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">FAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Financial_Affairs_Council" title="Economic and Financial Affairs Council">ECOFIN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurogroup" title="Eurogroup">Eurogroup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_and_Fisheries_Council" title="Agriculture and Fisheries Council">AGRIFISH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Employment,_Social_Policy,_Health_and_Consumer_Affairs_Council" title="Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs Council">EPSCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competitiveness_Council_(COMPET)" title="Competitiveness Council (COMPET)">COMPET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport,_Telecommunications_and_Energy_Council" title="Transport, Telecommunications and Energy Council">TTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_Council" title="Environment Council">ENVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Home_Affairs_Council" title="Justice and Home Affairs Council">JHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education,_Youth,_Culture_and_Sport_Council" title="Education, Youth, Culture and Sport Council">EYC</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voting_in_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Voting in the Council of the European Union">Voting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretariat_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union">Secretariat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Secretary-General of the Council of the European Union">Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Blanchet" title="Thérèse Blanchet">Thérèse Blanchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_directorates-general_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of directorates-general of the Council of the European Union">Directorates-general</a></li></ul></li> <li>Council preparatory bodies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Permanent_Representatives" title="Committee of Permanent Representatives">COREPER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_Working_Party" title="Council Working Party">Council Working Parties</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_European_Parliament_(2024%E2%80%932029)" title="List of members of the European Parliament (2024–2029)">Members</a>)</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="President of the European Parliament">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roberta_Metsola" title="Roberta Metsola">Metsola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">Largest groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_group" class="mw-redirect" title="European People's Party group">EPP</a> (<a href="/wiki/Manfred_Weber" title="Manfred Weber">Manfred Weber</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iratxe_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Iratxe García">Iratxe García</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">Member of the European Parliament</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_European_Parliament" title="Tenth European Parliament">10th session</a> (2024–2029)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Bureau of the European Parliament">Bureau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Vice-President of the European Parliament">Vice Presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaestor_(European_Parliament)" title="Quaestor (European Parliament)">Quaestor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_Presidents_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Conference of Presidents of the European Parliament">Conference</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/National_parliaments_of_the_European_Union" title="National parliaments of the European Union">National parliaments</a></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Judicial institutions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_European_Union" title="Court of Justice of the European Union">Court of Justice of the EU</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Justice" title="European Court of Justice">European Court of Justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_European_Court_of_Justice" title="List of members of the European Court of Justice">Members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advocate_General_(European_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Advocate General (European Union)">Advocates General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Court_of_Justice_rulings" title="List of European Court of Justice rulings">Rulings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Court_(European_Union)" title="General Court (European Union)">General Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Auditory institutions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Auditors" title="European Court of Auditors">European Court of Auditors</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Auditors" title="European Court of Auditors">European Court of Auditors</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Other auditory bodies</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Audit_Service_(European_Commission)" title="Internal Audit Service (European Commission)">Internal Audit Service of the Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament_Committee_on_Budgetary_Control" title="European Parliament Committee on Budgetary Control"> Committee on Budgetary Control of the Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Financial_Affairs_Council" title="Economic and Financial Affairs Council">Economic and Financial Affairs configuration of the Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Anti-Fraud_Office" title="European Anti-Fraud Office">Anti-Fraud Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Public_Prosecutor%27s_Office" title="European Public Prosecutor's Office">Public Prosecutor's Office</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde">Lagarde</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Central_Banks" title="European System of Central Banks">ESCB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">EMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_banknotes" title="Euro banknotes">Euro banknotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_coins" title="Euro coins">Euro coins</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Other bodies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">European Investment Bank Group</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">Investment Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Fund" title="European Investment Fund">Investment Fund</a></li> <li>EIB Institute</li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">European Stability Mechanism</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">European University Institute</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_University_Institute" title="European University Institute">European University Institute</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Unified Patent Court</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Patent_Court" title="Unified Patent Court">Unified Patent Court</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Agencies,_decentralised_independent_bodies_and_joint_undertakings_of_the_European_Union_and_the_Euratom" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencies, decentralised independent bodies and joint undertakings of the European Union and the Euratom">Agencies, decentralised independent bodies and joint undertakings</a></div> <ul><li>Decentralised agencies of the EU <ul><li>Single market agencies</li> <li>CFSP agencies</li> <li>AFSC agencies</li> <li>ESFS <a href="/wiki/European_Supervisory_Authorities" class="mw-redirect" title="European Supervisory Authorities">European Supervisory Authorities</a></li> <li>SRM bodies</li></ul></li> <li>Executive agencies of the EU</li> <li>Euratom agencies</li> <li>Decentralised independent bodies of the EU <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Institute_of_Innovation_and_Technology" title="European Institute of Innovation and Technology">European Institute of Innovation and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Public_Prosecutor%27s_Office" title="European Public Prosecutor's Office">European Public Prosecutor's Office</a></li></ul></li> <li>Corporate bodies of the EU <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Board" title="European Data Protection Board">European Data Protection Board</a></li> <li>Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations</li></ul></li> <li>Joint undertakings <ul><li>of the EU</li> <li>of the Euratom</li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Other independent bodies</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Supervisor" title="European Data Protection Supervisor">European Data Protection Supervisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Ombudsman" title="European Ombudsman">European Ombudsman</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Advisory_bodies_to_the_European_Union" title="Advisory bodies to the European Union">Advisory bodies</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Committee_of_the_Regions" title="European Committee of the Regions">European Committee of the Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_and_Social_Committee" title="European Economic and Social Committee">European Economic and Social Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_and_Security_Committee" title="Political and Security Committee">Political and Security Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Committee" title="European Union Military Committee">European Union Military Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Space_Programme#EU/ESA_Space_Council" title="European Union Space Programme">EU/ESA Space Council</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Inter-institutional bodies</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Publications_Office_of_the_European_Union" title="Publications Office of the European Union">Publications Office of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_External_Action_Service" title="European External Action Service">European External Action Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Personnel_Selection_Office" title="European Personnel Selection Office">European Personnel Selection Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Anti-Fraud_Office" title="European Anti-Fraud Office">Anti-Fraud Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Administrative_School" class="mw-redirect" title="European Administrative School">European Administrative School</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Atomic_Energy_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Atomic Energy Community">Euratom</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Euratom members</div> <div><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Associated states</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_the_European_Union" title="Nuclear power in the European Union">Nuclear power in the European Union</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Euratom.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Euratom since 1 January 2021"><img alt="Euratom since 1 January 2021" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Euratom.svg/200px-Euratom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Euratom.svg/300px-Euratom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Euratom.svg/400px-Euratom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption>Euratom since 1 January 2021</figcaption></figure></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">Economic and Monetary Union</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone members</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Eurogroup" title="Eurogroup">Eurogroup</a></div> <ul><li>President <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Paschal_Donohoe" title="Paschal Donohoe">Paschal Donohoe</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Currencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Currencies of the European Union">Other currencies in use</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">Bulgarian lev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Czech_koruna" title="Czech koruna">Czech koruna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Danish_krone" title="Danish krone">Danish krone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Hungarian forint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Polish_z%C5%82oty" title="Polish złoty">Polish złoty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Romanian_leu" title="Romanian leu">Romanian leu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_krona" title="Swedish krona">Swedish krona</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism" title="European Exchange Rate Mechanism">ERM II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_eurozone" title="Enlargement of the eurozone">Enlargement of the eurozone</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Non Euro countries relationship to Euro</div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_and_the_euro" title="Bulgaria and the euro">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic_and_the_euro" title="Czech Republic and the euro">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark_and_the_euro" title="Denmark and the euro">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_and_the_euro" title="Hungary and the euro">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland_and_the_euro" title="Poland and the euro">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_and_the_euro" title="Sweden and the euro">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_and_the_euro" title="Romania and the euro">Romania</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eurozone.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eurozone since 2015"><img alt="Eurozone since 2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eurozone.svg/200px-Eurozone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eurozone.svg/300px-Eurozone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eurozone.svg/400px-Eurozone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption>Eurozone since 2015</figcaption></figure></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Area</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Non-EU members</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%BCm_Convention" title="Prüm Convention">Prüm Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Information_System" title="Schengen Information System">Schengen Information System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_Information_System" title="Visa Information System">Visa Information System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_the_Schengen_Area" title="Visa policy of the Schengen Area">Visa policy of the Schengen Area</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Non-Schengen area EU member states</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> (Opt-out)</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Schengen Area from January 2023"><img alt="Schengen Area from January 2023" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg/200px-Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg/300px-Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg/400px-Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption>Schengen Area from January 2023</figcaption></figure></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">EEA members</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (provisional member)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Non-EU members</div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Topics</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EEA_Joint_Committee" title="EEA Joint Committee">EEA Joint Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_identity_cards_in_the_European_Economic_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="National identity cards in the European Economic Area">EEA National Identity cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microstates_and_the_European_Union" title="Microstates and the European Union">Microstates and the European Union</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EEA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="European Economic Area"><img alt="European Economic Area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/EEA.svg/200px-EEA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/EEA.svg/300px-EEA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/EEA.svg/400px-EEA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>European Economic Area</figcaption></figure></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">Elections to the European Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_political_foundation" title="European political foundation">European foundations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">Political groups of the European Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzenkandidat" title="Spitzenkandidat">Spitzenkandidat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament_constituency" title="European Parliament constituency">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apportionment_in_the_European_Parliament" title="Apportionment in the European Parliament">Apportionment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_related_to_the_European_Union" title="Referendums related to the European Union">Referendums related to the EU</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">European elections</div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election" title="1979 European Parliament election">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election" title="1984 European Parliament election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election" title="1989 European Parliament election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election" title="1994 European Parliament election">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election" title="1999 European Parliament election">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election" title="2004 European Parliament election">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election" title="2009 European Parliament election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election" title="2014 European Parliament election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">2019</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2024 (latest election)</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Elections in EU member states</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Austria" title="Elections in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Belgium" title="Elections in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Bulgaria" title="Elections in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Croatia" title="Elections in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Cyprus" title="Elections in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Elections in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Denmark" title="Elections in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Estonia" title="Elections in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Finland" title="Elections in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_France" title="Elections in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Germany" title="Elections in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Greece" title="Elections in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hungary" title="Elections in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Elections in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Italy" title="Elections in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Latvia" title="Elections in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Lithuania" title="Elections in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Luxembourg" title="Elections in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Malta" title="Elections in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Netherlands" title="Elections in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Poland" title="Elections in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Portugal" title="Elections in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Romania" title="Elections in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Slovakia" title="Elections in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Slovenia" title="Elections in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Spain" title="Elections in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sweden" title="Elections in Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">Law</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acquis_communautaire" title="Acquis communautaire">Acquis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_European_Union_law" title="Primacy of European Union law">Primacy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Costa_v_ENEL" title="Costa v ENEL">ECJ Case 6/64</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsidiarity_(European_Union)" title="Subsidiarity (European Union)">Subsidiarity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulation_(European_Union)" title="Regulation (European Union)">Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directive_(European_Union)" title="Directive (European Union)">Directive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decision_(European_Union)" title="Decision (European Union)">Decision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recommendation_(European_Union)" title="Recommendation (European Union)">Recommendation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union" title="Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union">Fundamental Rights</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Policies and issues</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budget_of_the_European_Union" title="Budget of the European Union">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">Customs Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_free_trade_agreements" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union free trade agreements">Free Trade Agreements</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">European Single Market</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Area_of_freedom,_security_and_justice" title="Area of freedom, security and justice">Area of FS&J</a></li></ul></li> <li>Policies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Agricultural_Policy" title="Common Agricultural Policy">Agricultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Energy policy of the European Union">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Fisheries_Policy" title="Common Fisheries Policy">Fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">Regional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizenship_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship of the European Union">Citizenship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passports_of_the_European_Union" title="Passports of the European Union">Passports of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-European_identity" title="Pan-European identity">Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-Europeanism" title="Pro-Europeanism">Pro-Europeanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euroscepticism" title="Euroscepticism">Euroscepticism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_banking_union" title="European banking union">European banking union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Banking_Supervision" title="European Banking Supervision">European Banking Supervision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_Resolution_Mechanism" title="Single Resolution Mechanism">Single Resolution Mechanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Markets_Union" title="Capital Markets Union">Capital Markets Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Financial_Supervision" title="European System of Financial Supervision">European System of Financial Supervision</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_seats_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutional seats of the European Union">Institutional seats of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_integration" title="European integration">Integration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supranational_union" title="Supranational union">Supranationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="European Federation">European Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-speed_Europe" title="Multi-speed Europe">Multi-speed Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_cooperation" title="Enhanced cooperation">Enhanced cooperation</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Foreign relations of the European Union">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kaja Kallas</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_External_Action_Service" title="European External Action Service">Ext. Action Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" title="Common Foreign and Security Policy">Foreign Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Defence Policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Foreign relations of EU member states</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Austria" title="Foreign relations of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Belgium" title="Foreign relations of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bulgaria" title="Foreign relations of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Croatia" title="Foreign relations of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Foreign relations of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Denmark" title="Foreign relations of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Estonia" title="Foreign relations of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Finland" title="Foreign relations of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_France" title="Foreign relations of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Germany" title="Foreign relations of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Greece" title="Foreign relations of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hungary" title="Foreign relations of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ireland" title="Foreign relations of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Italy" title="Foreign relations of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Latvia" title="Foreign relations of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Lithuania" title="Foreign relations of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Luxembourg" title="Foreign relations of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Malta" title="Foreign relations of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Netherlands" title="Foreign relations of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Poland" title="Foreign relations of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Portugal" title="Foreign relations of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Romania" title="Foreign relations of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Slovakia" title="Foreign relations of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Slovenia" title="Foreign relations of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Spain" title="Foreign relations of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sweden" title="Foreign relations of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Argentina–European Union relations">Argentina–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Armenia–European Union relations">Armenia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Australia–European Union relations">Australia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Brazil–European Union relations">Brazil–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Canada–European Union relations">Canada–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="China–European Union relations">China–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="European Union–NATO relations">European Union–NATO relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Georgia–European Union relations">Georgia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Iceland–European Union relations">Iceland–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Kazakhstan–European Union relations">Kazakhstan–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Japan–European Union relations">Japan–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Mexico–European Union relations">Mexico–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Moldova–European Union relations">Moldova–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Norway–European Union relations">Norway–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Russia–European Union relations">Russia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Switzerland–European Union relations">Switzerland–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="European Union–Turkey relations">Turkey–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union 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Ireland">Ireland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microstates_and_the_European_Union" title="Microstates and the European Union">Microstates and the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_United_Nations" title="European Union and the United Nations">European Union and the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Association_Agreement" title="European Union Association Agreement">European Union Association Agreement</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Seven">G7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Defunct bodies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities</a> (1958–1993) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/European_Coal_and_Steel_Community" title="European Coal and Steel Community">European Coal and Steel Community</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_European_Union" title="Western European Union">Western European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Future_of_Europe" title="Convention on the Future of Europe">Convention on the Future of Europe</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/32px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/48px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/64px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Template:Politics of the European Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Template talk:Politics of the European Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of the European Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The 2024 European Parliament election was held in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) between 6 and 9 June 2024.<a href="#cite_note-8">[4]</a> It was the tenth <a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">parliamentary election</a> since the <a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election" title="1979 European Parliament election">first direct elections in 1979</a>, and the first <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> election after <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[6]</a> A total of 720 <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">Members of the European Parliament</a> (MEPs) were elected to represent more than 450 million people from 27 <a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">member states</a>.<a href="#cite_note-seats-1">[a]</a> This election also coincided with a number of <a href="#Concurrent_elections">other elections</a> in some European Union member states. The <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">European People's Party</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> won the most seats in the European Parliament. The pro-EU <a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">centrist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democrat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Environmentalist" title="Environmentalist">environmentalist</a> parties suffered losses, while anti-EU <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">right-wing populist</a> parties made gains. The right-wing <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">European Conservatives and Reformists</a> group overtook the centrist <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a> group to win the fourth most seats, while another right-wing group, <a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">Patriots for Europe</a>, the successor of <a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy" title="Identity and Democracy">Identity and Democracy</a>, won the third most seats. In addition, a far-right group, <a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">Europe of Sovereign Nations</a>, was formed, becoming the smallest group in the Parliament. In total, 187 MEPS (25% of Parliament) belonged to the hard-right which is more members than ever before in history.<a href="#cite_note-11">[7]</a> On 18 July 2024, <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> was re-elected <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a> in a secret ballot by the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>.<a href="#cite_note-re-election-12">[8]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> In the <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">previous election</a>, held on 23–26 May 2019, in terms of the political Groups in the Parliament, they resulted in the <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group" title="European People's Party Group">EPP Group</a> and <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> suffering significant losses, while the liberal/centrist (<a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens/EFA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy" title="Identity and Democracy">ID</a> made substantial gains, with <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left</a> had small reduction. The <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">European People's Party</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Weber" title="Manfred Weber">Manfred Weber</a>, won the most seats in the European Parliament, but was then unable to secure support from other parties for Weber as candidate for President of the Commission. After initial deadlock, the <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a> decided to nominate <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> as a compromise candidate to be the new Commission President, and the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> elected von der Leyen with 383 votes (374 votes needed). The <a href="/wiki/Von_der_Leyen_Commission_I" title="Von der Leyen Commission I">commission</a> as a whole was then approved by the European Parliament on 27 November 2019, receiving 461 votes. The <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">2019 election</a> saw an increase in the turnout, when 50.7% of eligible voters had cast a vote compared with 42.5% of the <a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election" title="2014 European Parliament election">2014 election</a>. This was the first time that turnout had increased since the first European Parliament election in <a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election" title="1979 European Parliament election">1979</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[9]</a> In 2024, the Eurobarometer data shows that 71% of Europeans say they are likely to vote in June, 10% higher than those who said they would in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-14">[10]</a> Since the last European-wide election, the right has continued to rise across Europe, remaining however split, mainly by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> and Russian relations issue.<a href="#cite_note-Hard-right-15">[11]</a> In 2024, before the European elections, <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing populist">right-wing populist</a> parties hold or share political power in Hungary (<a href="/wiki/Fidesz" title="Fidesz">Fidesz</a>), Italy (<a href="/wiki/Brothers_of_Italy" title="Brothers of Italy">Brothers of Italy</a>), Sweden (<a href="/wiki/Sweden_Democrats" title="Sweden Democrats">Sweden Democrats</a>), Finland (<a href="/wiki/Finns_Party" title="Finns Party">Finns Party</a>), Slovakia (<a href="/wiki/Slovak_National_Party" title="Slovak National Party">Slovak National Party</a>) and Croatia (<a href="/wiki/Homeland_Movement_(Croatia)" title="Homeland Movement (Croatia)">Homeland Movement</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Hard-right-15">[11]</a> The centre-right <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group" title="European People's Party Group">EPP</a> has "raised eyebrows" among some commentators for its efforts to charm parties in the <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> to create a broad conservative block,<a href="#cite_note-16">[12]</a> which could upset the long-standing status-quo that has seen the EPP share power with the centre-left <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> and the centrist <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Group</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Qatargate">Qatargate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Qatargate">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Qatar_corruption_scandal_at_the_European_Parliament" title="Qatar corruption scandal at the European Parliament">Qatar corruption scandal at the European Parliament</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Qatar_corruption_scandal_at_the_European_Parliament" title="Qatar corruption scandal at the European Parliament">Qatargate</a> corruption scandal, which began in December 2022, had destabilized the European Parliament following the arrest of several MEPs including <a href="/wiki/Marc_Tarabella" title="Marc Tarabella">Marc Tarabella</a>; <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Cozzolino" title="Andrea Cozzolino">Andrea Cozzolino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eva_Kaili" title="Eva Kaili">Eva Kaili</a> who was stripped of her vice presidency. Other suspects in the case include <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Giorgi_(former_assistant_at_the_European_Parliament)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesco Giorgi (former assistant at the European Parliament)">Francesco Giorgi</a>, the parliamentary assistant of MEP Andrea Cozzolino, Pier <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Panzeri" title="Antonio Panzeri">Antonio Panzeri</a>, founder of the Fight Impunity NGO; Niccolo Figa-Talamanca, head of the No Peace Without Justice NGO; and <a href="/wiki/Luca_Visentini" title="Luca Visentini">Luca Visentini</a>, head of the International Trade Union Confederation.<a href="#cite_note-18">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[15]</a> Following the scandal, the European Parliament revised its rules of procedure and its code of conduct in September 2023<a href="#cite_note-20">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungary">Hungary</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hungary">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Hungary#Orbán_governments:_2010–" title="History of Hungary">History of Hungary § Orbán governments: 2010–</a></div> The European Parliament views <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> as a "<a href="/wiki/Hybrid_regime" title="Hybrid regime">hybrid regime</a> of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_autocracy" title="Electoral autocracy">electoral autocracy</a>" since 2022 and considers Hungary according to <a href="/wiki/Article_7_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union" title="Article 7 of the Treaty on European Union">Article 7.1 of the Treaty on European Union</a> in clear risk of a serious breach of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_European_Union" title="Treaty on European Union">Treaty on European Union</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[18]</a> In January 2024, a majority of <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> MEPs voted for a resolution demanding that the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">EU Council</a> considers that Hungary be stripped of its EU voting rights under Article 7 of the Treaty.<a href="#cite_note-23">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Date_of_the_election">Date of the election</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Date of the election">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal#Date" title="2024 European Parliament election in Portugal">2024 European Parliament election in Portugal § Date</a></div> The dates chosen for the elections conflicted with a long weekend in Portugal, where <a href="/wiki/Portugal_Day" title="Portugal Day">Portugal Day</a>, a national holiday, was celebrated on 10 June, which was expected to suppress turnout.<a href="#cite_note-24">[20]</a> Despite an attempt by Portuguese leaders to find a compromise, no change was made to the default date of 6–9 June,<a href="#cite_note-25">[21]</a> which required unanimity to be changed. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_system">Electoral system</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Electoral system">edit</a>]</div> Elections to the European Parliament are regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_European_Union" title="Treaty on European Union">Treaty on European Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Functioning_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union">Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union</a>, and the Act concerning the election of the members of the European Parliament by direct universal suffrage (the Electoral Act). The Electoral Act states that the electoral procedure is governed by the national provisions in each member state, subject to the provisions of the act.<a href="#cite_note-41976X1008(01)-26">[22]</a> Elections are conducted by direct universal suffrage by <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> using either a <a href="/wiki/Party-list_system" title="Party-list system">list system</a> or <a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">single transferable vote</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41976X1008(01)-26">[22]</a> The national electoral threshold may not exceed 5% of votes cast.<a href="#cite_note-41976X1008(01)-26">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attempts_at_electoral_reform">Attempts at electoral reform</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Attempts at electoral reform">edit</a>]</div> In June 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council</a> agreed to change the EU electoral law and to reform old laws from the 1976 Electoral Act as amended in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-:4-27">[23]</a> New provisions included a mandatory 2% threshold for countries with more than 35 seats and rules to prevent voters from voting in multiple countries.<a href="#cite_note-28">[24]</a> After the Act was adopted by the Council following consent given by the European Parliament in July 2018, not all member states ratified the Act prior to the 2019 elections, which took place under the old rules. As of 2023, the reform has yet to be ratified by <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>;<a href="#cite_note-29">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> only ratified in summer 2023.<a href="#cite_note-30">[26]</a> On 3 May 2022, the European Parliament voted to propose a new electoral law, which would contain provisions for electing 28 seats on transnational lists.<a href="#cite_note-31">[27]</a> As of 2024, this reform has not been approved by the Council, which must approve it unanimously,<a href="#cite_note-32">[28]</a> meaning the election will be conducted under the 1976 Electoral Act as amended in 2002. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apportionment">Apportionment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Apportionment">edit</a>]</div> As a result of <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a>, 27 seats from the British delegation were distributed to other countries in January 2020 (those elected in 2019, but not yet seated took their seats).<a href="#cite_note-33">[29]</a> The other 46 seats were abolished with the total number of MEPs decreasing from 751 to 705.<a href="#cite_note-34">[30]</a> A report in the European Parliament proposed in February 2023 to modify the <a href="/wiki/Apportionment_in_the_European_Parliament" title="Apportionment in the European Parliament">apportionment in the European Parliament</a> and increase the number of MEPs from 705 to 716 in order to adapt to the development of the population and preserve <a href="/wiki/Degressive_proportionality" title="Degressive proportionality">degressive proportionality</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EPproposalComposition-35">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-36">[32]</a> It was passed in the plenary in June 2023.<a href="#cite_note-:2-36">[32]</a> On 26 July 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council</a> reached a preliminary agreement, which would increase the size of the European Parliament to 720 seats.<a href="#cite_note-:3-37">[33]</a> On 13 September 2023, the European Parliament consented to this decision,<a href="#cite_note-38">[34]</a> which was adopted by the European Council on 22 September 2023.<a href="#cite_note-39">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electoral_system_by_country">Electoral system by country</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Electoral system by country">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable zebra" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Member state </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>Date </th> <th>Voting age </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Compulsory_voting" title="Compulsory voting">Compulsory voting</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Absentee_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Absentee voting">Absentee voting</a> </th> <th>Min. <a href="/wiki/Age_of_candidacy" title="Age of candidacy">age for candidacy</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[36]</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament_constituency" title="European Parliament constituency">Constituencies</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Electoral_threshold" title="Electoral threshold">Legal threshold</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[e]</a> </th> <th>Maximum threshold<a href="#cite_note-42">[f]</a> </th> <th>Electoral system<a href="#cite_note-:1-43">[37]</a> </th> <th>Candidate selection<a href="#cite_note-:1-43">[37]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2024 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td>20(+1) </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-44">[38]</a> </td> <td>16 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>4% </td> <td>~4.8% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2024 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td>22(+1) </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-45">[39]</a> </td> <td>16<a href="#cite_note-46">[40]</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes<a href="#cite_note-47">[41]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proxy_voting" title="Proxy voting">by proxy</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>03 </td> <td>— </td> <td>Up to 50%<a href="#cite_note-48">[g]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2024 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td>17 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-49">[42]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background: #FF8; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-maybe">Yes<a href="#cite_note-Enforce-50">[h]</a> </td> <td>— </td> <td>21 </td> <td>01 </td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="5.88">~5.9%<a href="#cite_note-BG-51">[i]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[43]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Largest_remainder_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest remainder method">Largest remainder</a><a href="#cite_note-Hare_quota-53">[j]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td>12 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-54">[44]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>— </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>5% </td> <td>~7.7% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2024 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </td> <td>06 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-55">[45]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No<a href="#cite_note-56">[46]</a> </td> <td>— </td> <td>21 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>1.8%<a href="#cite_note-57">[47]</a> </td> <td>~14.3% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Largest_remainder_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest remainder method">Largest remainder</a><a href="#cite_note-Hare_quota-53">[j]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>7–8 June<a href="#cite_note-58">[48]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>— </td> <td>21 </td> <td>01 </td> <td colspan="2">5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2024 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td>15(+1) </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-59">[49]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>— </td> <td>~6.3% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a><a href="#cite_note-DK_Alliances-60">[k]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a> </td> <td>07 </td> <td>3–9 June<a href="#cite_note-61">[l]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[50]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> and <a href="/wiki/Online_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Online voting">online</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>— </td> <td>12.5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td>15(+1) </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-63">[51]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>— </td> <td>~6.3% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2024 European Parliament election in France">France</a> </td> <td>81(+2) </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-64">[52]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proxy_voting" title="Proxy voting">By proxy</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td colspan="2">5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">Closed list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2024 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>96 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-65">[53]</a> </td> <td>16 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>1<a href="#cite_note-DE-66">[m]</a> </td> <td>— </td> <td>~1.0% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Webster/Sainte-Lagu%C3%AB_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Webster/Sainte-Laguë method">Sainte-Laguë</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">Closed list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2024 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-67">[54]</a> </td> <td>17 </td> <td style="background: #FF8; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-maybe">Yes<a href="#cite_note-Enforce-50">[h]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>25 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>3% </td> <td>~4.5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hare_quota" title="Hare quota">Largest remainder</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2024 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-68">[55]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td colspan="2">5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">Closed list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td>14(+1) </td> <td>7 June<a href="#cite_note-69">[56]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>— </td> <td>21 </td> <td>03 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>Up to 20%<a href="#cite_note-70">[n]</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">Single transferable vote</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2024 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>76 </td> <td>8–9 June<a href="#cite_note-71">[57]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>— </td> <td>25 </td> <td>05<a href="#cite_note-IT_PL-72">[o]</a> </td> <td colspan="2">4% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Largest_remainder_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest remainder method">Largest remainder</a><a href="#cite_note-Hare_quota-53">[j]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td>09(+1) </td> <td>8 June<a href="#cite_note-73">[58]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>5%<a href="#cite_note-74">[59]</a> </td> <td>10% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Webster/Sainte-Lagu%C3%AB_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Webster/Sainte-Laguë method">Sainte-Laguë</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td>11 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-75">[60]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>5%<a href="#cite_note-76">[61]</a> </td> <td>~8.3% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Largest_remainder_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest remainder method">Largest remainder</a><a href="#cite_note-Hare_quota-53">[j]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2024 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> </td> <td>06 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-77">[62]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>— </td> <td>~14.3% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Panachage" title="Panachage">Panachage</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2024 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td>06 </td> <td>8 June<a href="#cite_note-78">[63]</a> </td> <td>16 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>— </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>~14.3%<a href="#cite_note-79">[p]</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">Single transferable vote</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td>31(+2) </td> <td>6 June<a href="#cite_note-80">[64]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proxy_voting" title="Proxy voting">by proxy</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="3.23">~3.2%<a href="#cite_note-BG-51">[i]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[65]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td>53(+1) </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-82">[66]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proxy_voting" title="Proxy voting">by proxy</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>13<a href="#cite_note-IT_PL-72">[o]</a> </td> <td colspan="2">5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Largest_remainders_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest remainders method">Largest remainder</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[67]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#Most_open" title="Open list">Open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2024 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-84">[68]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>— </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>— </td> <td>~4.5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">Closed list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td>33 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-85">[69]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>— </td> <td>23 </td> <td>01 </td> <td colspan="2">5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">Closed list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a> </td> <td>15(+1) </td> <td>8 June<a href="#cite_note-86">[70]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>— </td> <td>21 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>5% </td> <td>~6.3% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Largest_remainder_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest remainder method">Largest remainder</a><a href="#cite_note-Droop_quota-87">[q]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td> <td>09(+1) </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-88">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[72]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>— </td> <td>10% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2024 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>61(+2) </td> <td>9 June </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>— </td> <td>~1.6% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">Closed list</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2024 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td>21 </td> <td>9 June<a href="#cite_note-90">[73]</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">By post</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>01 </td> <td>4% </td> <td>~4.5% </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Webster/Sainte-Lagu%C3%AB_method#Modified_Sainte-Laguë_method" class="mw-redirect" title="Webster/Sainte-Laguë method">Modified Sainte-Laguë</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Open_list#More_open" title="Open list">Semi-open list</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lead_candidates">Lead candidates</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Lead candidates">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spitzenkandidat_system">Spitzenkandidat system</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Spitzenkandidat system">edit</a>]</div> In the run-up to the <a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election" title="2014 European Parliament election">2014 European Parliament</a> elections a new informal system was unveiled for the selection of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">European Commission President</a> (known colloquially as the <a href="/wiki/Spitzenkandidat" title="Spitzenkandidat">Spitzenkandidat</a> system) dictating that whichever party group gained the most seats (or the one able to secure the support of a majority coalition) would see their candidate become President of the Commission.<a href="#cite_note-91">[74]</a> In 2014, the candidate of the largest group, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Jean-Claude Juncker</a>, was eventually nominated and elected as Commission President.<a href="#cite_note-92">[75]</a> <a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European party</a> leaders aimed to reintroduce the system in 2019, with them selecting lead candidates and organizing a televised debate between those candidates.<a href="#cite_note-93">[76]</a> In the aftermath of the election <a href="/wiki/List_of_German_defence_ministers" title="List of German defence ministers">German Defense Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> was chosen as Commission President, even though she had not been a candidate prior to the election, while Manfred Weber, lead candidate for the EPP, which had gained the most seats, was not nominated as he was unable to secure support from any other party.<a href="#cite_note-94">[77]</a> Following this appointment of a Commission President who had not been a Spitzenkandidat, some called for the system to be abandoned, while others called for it to be revived in the 2024 elections.<a href="#cite_note-95">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[80]</a> In 2023, multiple political parties at the European level announced their intentions to nominate a main candidate.<a href="#cite_note-98">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Party" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Party">ECR</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[86]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Identity and Democracy Party">ID</a> have rejected doing so.<a href="#cite_note-104">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overview_of_party_candidates_for_Commission_President_in_2024">Overview of party candidates for Commission President in 2024</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Overview of party candidates for Commission President in 2024">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European political party</a> </th> <th>EP Group </th> <th>Lead candidate(s) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#3399FF;"> </td> <td>EPP </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">European People's Party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group" title="European People's Party Group">EPP Group</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#F0001C;"> </td> <td>PES </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Schmit" title="Nicolas Schmit">Nicolas Schmit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:gold;"> </td> <td>ALDE </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann" title="Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann">Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#F39200;"> </td> <td>EDP </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Democratic_Party" title="European Democratic Party">European Democratic Party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sandro_Gozi" title="Sandro Gozi">Sandro Gozi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#57B45F;"> </td> <td>EGP </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Green_Party" title="European Green Party">European Green Party</a> </td> <td rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens/EFA</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bas_Eickhout" title="Bas Eickhout">Bas Eickhout</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terry_Reintke" title="Terry Reintke">Terry Reintke</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#80329b;"> </td> <td>EFA </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Free_Alliance" title="European Free Alliance">European Free Alliance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens/EFA</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maylis_Ro%C3%9Fberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maylis Roßberg (page does not exist)">Maylis Roßberg</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maylis_Ro%C3%9Fberg" class="extiw" title="de:Maylis Roßberg">de</a>], <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BCl_Romeva" title="Raül Romeva">Raül Romeva</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#0E408A;"> </td> <td>ID </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Identity and Democracy Party">Identity and Democracy Party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy" title="Identity and Democracy">ID</a> </td> <td>None<a href="#cite_note-Vistisen-5">[b]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#196CA8;"> </td> <td>ECR </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Party" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Party">European Conservatives and Reformists Party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> </td> <td>None </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#b71c1c;"> </td> <td>PEL </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_European_Left" title="Party of the European Left">Party of the European Left</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Baier" title="Walter Baier">Walter Baier</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#3356D3;"> </td> <td>ECPM </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Christian_Political_Movement" title="European Christian Political Movement">European Christian Political Movement</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group" title="European People's Party Group">EPP Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Valeriu_Ghile%C8%9Bchi" title="Valeriu Ghilețchi">Valeriu Ghilețchi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">European political party not recognised by the EU </th> <th>EP Group </th> <th>Lead candidate(s) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#000000;"> </td> <td>PPEU </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Pirate_Party" title="European Pirate Party">European Pirate Party</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens/EFA</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Kolaja" title="Marcel Kolaja">Marcel Kolaja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anja_Hirschel" class="mw-redirect" title="Anja Hirschel">Anja Hirschel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#502379;"> </td> <td>Volt </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Volt_Europa" title="Volt Europa">Volt Europa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Damian_Boeselager" title="Damian Boeselager">Damian Boeselager</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sophie_in_%27t_Veld" title="Sophie in 't Veld">Sophie in 't Veld</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#ec5122;"> </td> <td>DiEM25 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Europe_Movement_2025" title="Democracy in Europe Movement 2025">Democracy in Europe Movement 2025</a> </td> <td>None </td> <td>None </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_People's_Party">European People's Party</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: European People's Party">edit</a>]</div> The centre-right <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">EPP</a> held its congress in Bucharest on 6–7 March 2024 to elect its presidential candidate and adopt its election programme.<a href="#cite_note-107">[90]</a> Nominees required the backing of their own member party and not more than two other EPP member parties from EU countries, with nominations closing on February 21.<a href="#cite_note-108">[91]</a> On 19 February 2024, <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> announced her intention to run, supported by the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">CDU</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto-109">[92]</a> On 7 March von der Leyen was elected presidential candidate with 400 votes in favour, 89 against and 10 blank, out of the 737 EPP delegates at the EPP congress.<a href="#cite_note-politico.eu-110">[93]</a> Among others, it is believed that the French and Slovenian delegations voted against.<a href="#cite_note-111">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_of_European_Socialists">Party of European Socialists</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Party of European Socialists">edit</a>]</div> The centre-left <a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">PES</a> held its congress in Rome on 2 March. Nominees required the backing of nine PES full member parties or organisations, with nominations closing on 17 January.<a href="#cite_note-113">[96]</a> On 18 January, the PES announced that the Luxembourgish <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Jobs_and_Social_Rights" title="European Commissioner for Jobs and Social Rights">European Commissioner for Jobs and Social Rights</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Schmit" title="Nicolas Schmit">Nicolas Schmit</a> was the sole nominee to meet the nominating requirements.<a href="#cite_note-114">[97]</a> He was then nominated on 2 March during the party congress, along with the adoption of the election programme.<a href="#cite_note-115">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">ALDE</a> party held its extraordinary congress in Brussels on 20–21 March 2024.<a href="#cite_note-116">[99]</a> On 7 March 2024, following months of speculation, Estonian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kaja Kallas</a> announced that she had rejected the offer from ALDE to be the party's Spitzenkandidat.<a href="#cite_note-117">[100]</a> Luxembourg's former Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Xavier_Bettel" title="Xavier Bettel">Xavier Bettel</a> announced that he is not interested in the post either.<a href="#cite_note-118">[101]</a> On 11 March, the German <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a> nominated <a href="/wiki/Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann" title="Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann">Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann</a> to become presidential candidate.<a href="#cite_note-119">[102]</a> She was then elected on March 20 during the party congress, along with the adoption of the election programme.<a href="#cite_note-120">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Democratic_Party">European Democratic Party</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: European Democratic Party">edit</a>]</div> During the 8 March 2024 Convention in <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_Democratic_Party" title="European Democratic Party">European Democratic Party</a> nominated <a href="/wiki/Sandro_Gozi" title="Sandro Gozi">Sandro Gozi</a> as its lead candidate and approved its election programme.<a href="#cite_note-122">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Green_Party">European Green Party</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: European Green Party">edit</a>]</div> During the 2–4 February 2024 congress in <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_Green_Party" title="European Green Party">European Green Party</a> elected <a href="/wiki/Terry_Reintke" title="Terry Reintke">Terry Reintke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bas_Eickhout" title="Bas Eickhout">Bas Eickhout</a> as its two presidential candidates and adopted its election programme.<a href="#cite_note-123">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[108]</a> Nominees were <a href="/wiki/Bas_Eickhout" title="Bas Eickhout">Bas Eickhout</a>, Elīna Pinto, <a href="/wiki/Terry_Reintke" title="Terry Reintke">Terry Reintke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benedetta_Scuderi" title="Benedetta Scuderi">Benedetta Scuderi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-126">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Free_Alliance">European Free Alliance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: European Free Alliance">edit</a>]</div> In October 2023, the congress of the <a href="/wiki/European_Free_Alliance" title="European Free Alliance">European Free Alliance</a> elected Maylis Roßberg and <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BCl_Romeva" title="Raül Romeva">Raül Romeva</a> as its presidential candidates, and adopted its election programme.<a href="#cite_note-128">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_of_the_European_Left">Party of the European Left</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Party of the European Left">edit</a>]</div> During the 24–25 February 2024 congress in Ljubljana,<a href="#cite_note-130">[113]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_European_Left" title="Party of the European Left">PEL</a> elected <a href="/wiki/Walter_Baier" title="Walter Baier">Walter Baier</a> as its presidential candidate and adopted its election programme.<a href="#cite_note-131">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Christian_Political_Movement">European Christian Political Movement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: European Christian Political Movement">edit</a>]</div> In a meeting held on 24 February 2024, the <a href="/wiki/European_Christian_Political_Movement" title="European Christian Political Movement">European Christian Political Movement</a> appointed party president <a href="/wiki/Valeriu_Ghile%C8%9Bchi" title="Valeriu Ghilețchi">Valeriu Ghilețchi</a> as its lead candidate for the European Commission.<a href="#cite_note-132">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Pirate_Party">European Pirate Party</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: European Pirate Party">edit</a>]</div> At its General Assembly in Luxembourg in January 2024, the <a href="/wiki/European_Pirate_Party" title="European Pirate Party">European Pirate Party</a> nominated <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Kolaja" title="Marcel Kolaja">Marcel Kolaja</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anja_Hirschel" class="mw-redirect" title="Anja Hirschel">Anja Hirschel</a> as lead candidates.<a href="#cite_note-133">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Volt_Europa">Volt Europa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Volt Europa">edit</a>]</div> On 27 November 2023, <a href="/wiki/Volt_Europa" title="Volt Europa">Volt Europa</a> adopted its European election programme at its General Assembly in Paris.<a href="#cite_note-134">[117]</a> During the 6–7 April 2024 campaign launch event in Brussels the party elected German MEP <a href="/wiki/Damian_Boeselager" title="Damian Boeselager">Damian Boeselager</a> and Dutch MEP <a href="/wiki/Sophie_in_%27t_Veld" title="Sophie in 't Veld">Sophie in 't Veld</a> as its lead candidates.<a href="#cite_note-135">[118]</a> Regarding which European Parliament group to join after the elections, Boeselager said he was “open to discussions” between remaining in <a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens/EFA</a> or joining <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a> in due course.<a href="#cite_note-136">[119]</a> To emphasise its demand for transnational lists, <a href="/wiki/Volt_Europa" title="Volt Europa">Volt Europa</a> also presented a symbolic transnational list for the election alongside its leading candidates.<a href="#cite_note-137">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Issues">Issues</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Issues">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economy">Economy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">Economy of the European Union</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate_change">Climate change</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Climate change">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Europe" title="Climate change in Europe">Climate change in Europe</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (May 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/European_Green_Deal" title="European Green Deal">European Green Deal</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Foreign policy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" title="Common Foreign and Security Policy">Common Foreign and Security Policy</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (May 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Immigration">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (May 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Immigration was cited by <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> as a key issue in elections in several countries, including Austria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland and Sweden.<a href="#cite_note-138">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Potential_enlargement">Potential enlargement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Potential enlargement">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Potential enlargement of the European Union</a></div> Various sources wrote that an increased influence of right-wing and far-right parties in the European Parliament could derail <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Ukrainian accession</a>, as polling showed low support for EU enlargement in countries where such parties have power.<a href="#cite_note-139">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-chatham-140">[123]</a> Exceptions were Poland's <a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice" title="Law and Justice">Law and Justice</a> supporting Ukrainian accession, and Hungary's <a href="/wiki/Fidesz" title="Fidesz">Fidesz</a> – a party highly sceptical of Ukraine – being in favour of bids from <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Serbia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Serbia to the European Union">Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, two countries with governments favourable to Russia.<a href="#cite_note-chatham-140">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campaign">Campaign</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Campaign">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_future_of_Ursula_von_der_Leyen">The future of Ursula von der Leyen</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: The future of Ursula von der Leyen">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a>, the current European Commission President, did not formally announce her intention to stand for a second term until February 2024. This led to speculation about other potential EPP candidates, such as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="President of the European Parliament">President of the European Parliament</a> <a href="/wiki/Roberta_Metsola" title="Roberta Metsola">Roberta Metsola</a>. However, on 19 February 2024, von der Leyen announced her intention to seek a second term.<a href="#cite_note-auto-109">[92]</a> and on 7 March she was elected European People's Party presidential candidate with 400 votes in favour, 89 against and 10 blank, out of the 737 EPP congressional delegates.<a href="#cite_note-politico.eu-110">[93]</a> In Germany, the <a href="/wiki/Scholz_cabinet" title="Scholz cabinet">coalition government</a> had also agreed to support the spitzenkandidat system,<a href="#cite_note-141">[124]</a> implicitly accepting the prospect of von der Leyen, who within Germany hails from the opposition <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">CDU</a> party, becoming Commission President again, depending on the election results. Otherwise, the <a href="/wiki/Scholz_cabinet" title="Scholz cabinet">German government</a> coalition agreement grants the right to nominate the next German EU Commissioner to the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">Greens</a>, provided the Commission President is not from Germany.<a href="#cite_note-142">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_future_of_Charles_Michel">The future of Charles Michel</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: The future of Charles Michel">edit</a>]</div> In January 2024, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Michel" title="Charles Michel">Charles Michel</a> announced he would step down early as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">president of the European Council</a> to run for the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> instead.<a href="#cite_note-143">[126]</a> This would have meant that European Union leaders would potentially discuss his successor in the summer<a href="#cite_note-144">[127]</a> as, if elected to the European Parliament, he would have had to step down because of prohibition of the <a href="/wiki/Dual_mandate" title="Dual mandate">dual mandate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[128]</a> His mandate had been to set to expire in November 2024.<a href="#cite_note-146">[129]</a> For this unanticipated decision Michel was criticised by EU officials and diplomats.<a href="#cite_note-147">[130]</a> He was criticised by his political ally <a href="/wiki/Sophie_in_%27t_Veld" title="Sophie in 't Veld">Sophie in 't Veld</a> who questioned his "credibility".<a href="#cite_note-148">[131]</a> This timing was further criticised for potential disruptions it could cause, as Article 2(4) of the European Council's Rules of Procedure provide that, if its President leaves office early, he "shall be replaced, where necessary until the election of his or her successor, by the member of the European Council representing the Member State holding the six-monthly Presidency of the Council".<a href="#cite_note-149">[132]</a> This would have been the Hungarian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a>, whose country would be scheduled to take over the rotating presidency of the <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a> on 1 July.<a href="#cite_note-150">[133]</a> On 26 January 2024, Michel withdrew his candidacy and thus delayed his departure.<a href="#cite_note-151">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_influence_scandal">Russian influence scandal</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Russian influence scandal">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_European_politics" title="Russian interference in European politics">Russian interference in European politics</a></div> On 27 March, the Czech Republic sanctioned the news site Voice of Europe, claiming that the site is part of a network for pro-Russian influence.<a href="#cite_note-152">[135]</a> The following day, Belgian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Alexander_De_Croo" title="Alexander De Croo">De Croo</a>, referring to the sanctions during a debate in the Belgian parliament, said that Russia had targeted MEPs, but also paid them.<a href="#cite_note-153">[136]</a> On 2 April, the Czech news portal Denik N reported, citing several ministers, that there are audio recordings of the German <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a> politician <a href="/wiki/Petr_Bystron" title="Petr Bystron">Petr Bystron</a> (MP, <a href="/wiki/AfD" class="mw-redirect" title="AfD">AfD</a>) that incriminate him of having accepted money.<a href="#cite_note-154">[137]</a> On 12 April, it became known that the Belgian public prosecutor's office is investigating whether European politicians were paid to spread Russian propaganda. In addition to Bystron, the investigation is also targeting Dutch MEP <a href="/wiki/Marcel_de_Graaff" title="Marcel de Graaff">Marcel de Graaff</a> (FvD) and German MEP <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Krah" title="Maximilian Krah">Maximilian Krah</a> (AfD). Ukrainian politician and businessman <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Medvedchuk" title="Viktor Medvedchuk">Viktor Medvedchuk</a>, who is close to Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, is believed to be the man behind Voice of Europe.<a href="#cite_note-155">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Future_European_Parliament_groups">Future European Parliament groups</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Future European Parliament groups">edit</a>]</div> Ahead of the 2024 European Parliament election, <a href="/wiki/National_Rally" title="National Rally">National Rally</a> spokespeople <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Bardella" title="Jordan Bardella">Jordan Bardella</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Parmentier" title="Caroline Parmentier">Caroline Parmentier</a> announced they would part ways with <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a> after the election and not include the AfD in the <a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy" title="Identity and Democracy">ID</a> group due to controversial statements on Nazi Germany made by AfD lead candidate <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Krah" title="Maximilian Krah">Maximilian Krah</a> in an interview and allegations of Chinese espionage influence on the party.<a href="#cite_note-156">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[140]</a> Italy's <a href="/wiki/Lega_(political_party)" title="Lega (political party)">Lega</a> and the Czech <a href="/wiki/Freedom_and_Direct_Democracy" title="Freedom and Direct Democracy">SPD</a> backed the position taken by the National Rally,<a href="#cite_note-158">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[142]</a> but <a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Belang" title="Vlaams Belang">Vlaams Belang</a> declined to support expulsion of the AfD from the ID group or rule out further cooperation with the AfD, while criticising Krah's remarks.<a href="#cite_note-160">[143]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Danish_People%27s_Party" title="Danish People's Party">Danish People's Party</a> conditioned future cooperation with the AfD on Krah's exclusion from the ID group.<a href="#cite_note-161">[144]</a> The AfD was expelled from the group on 23 May.<a href="#cite_note-162">[145]</a> After the European elections, there are often changes or creation of new <a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">political groups</a> by the national parties in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>.<a href="#cite_note-New_Groups-163">[146]</a> This concerns both the new parties that have not yet announced which group they will be part of, and the parties already present in the European Parliament who choose to change group at the beginning of a new legislature.<a href="#cite_note-New_Groups-163">[146]</a> According to the Parliament's rules of procedure, a political group requires at least 23 MEPs from at least one-quarter of the <a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">Member States</a> (7 out of 27), and a political declaration, setting out the purpose of the group.<a href="#cite_note-164">[147]</a> Several news outlets have speculated on the possibility of a new group guided by the German <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCndnis_Sahra_Wagenknecht" class="mw-redirect" title="Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht">Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht</a> party, created in January 2024.<a href="#cite_note-165">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-European_Wagenknecht-166">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[150]</a> This 'left-conservative' and <a href="/wiki/Euroscepticism" title="Euroscepticism">eurosceptic</a> group could also include <a href="/wiki/La_France_Insoumise" title="La France Insoumise">La France Insoumise</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Five_Star_Movement" title="Five Star Movement">Five Star Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/ANO_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="ANO 2011">ANO 2011</a>, <a href="/wiki/Course_of_Freedom" title="Course of Freedom">Course of Freedom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Direction_%E2%80%93_Social_Democracy" title="Direction – Social Democracy">Direction – Social Democracy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voice_%E2%80%93_Social_Democracy" title="Voice – Social Democracy">Voice – Social Democracy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Regions_Party" title="Lithuanian Regions Party">Lithuanian Regions Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/For_Stability!" title="For Stability!">For Stability!</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Together_for_Catalonia_(2020)" title="Together for Catalonia (2020)">Together for Catalonia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-New_Groups-163">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-European_Wagenknecht-166">[149]</a> In April 2024, <a href="/wiki/Euractiv" title="Euractiv">Euractiv</a> reported that BSW announced it had the necessary figures to establish the new group.<a href="#cite_note-168">[151]</a> After the expulsion of the AfD from ID, it is uncertain where its MEPs will be part of a group after the election. On 30 May, <a href="/wiki/RTL_(Hungarian_TV_channel)" title="RTL (Hungarian TV channel)">RTL Hungary</a> reported that <a href="/wiki/Our_Homeland_Movement" title="Our Homeland Movement">MHM</a> and AfD were considering forming a new group.<a href="#cite_note-169">[152]</a> This 'far-right' and <a href="/wiki/Euroscepticism" title="Euroscepticism">eurosceptic</a> group could include also <a href="/wiki/Victory_(Greek_political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory (Greek political party)">Niki</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republic_(Slovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic (Slovakia)">Republic Movement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-New_Groups-163">[146]</a> After <a href="/wiki/Revival_(Bulgarian_political_party)" title="Revival (Bulgarian political party)">Revival</a> was expelled from ID party, the party organized the 'Sofia Declaration' with the Republic Movement, <a href="/wiki/Forum_for_Democracy" title="Forum for Democracy">Forum for Democracy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Our_Homeland_Movement" title="Our Homeland Movement">Our Homeland Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Sweden" title="Alternative for Sweden">Alternative for Sweden</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Livestock_Party_of_Greece" title="Agricultural Livestock Party of Greece">Agricultural Livestock Party of Greece</a> on 12 April 2024.<a href="#cite_note-170">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Debates">Debates</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Debates">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>2024 European Parliament election debates </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:small;"> <th rowspan="3">Date and time </th> <th rowspan="3">Location </th> <th rowspan="3">Organisers </th> <th rowspan="3">Moderators </th> <th rowspan="3">Language </th> <th colspan="10">Participants <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style> P  Present <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> A  Absent <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> I  Invited <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> NI  Not invited </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">EPP</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">PES</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">ALDE</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/European_Democratic_Party" title="European Democratic Party">EDP</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/European_Green_Party" title="European Green Party">EGP</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/European_Free_Alliance" title="European Free Alliance">EFA</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Identity and Democracy Party">ID</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Party" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Party">ECR</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_European_Left" title="Party of the European Left">PEL</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/European_Christian_Political_Movement" title="European Christian Political Movement">ECPM</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#3399FF;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#F0001C;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:gold;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#F39200;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#57B45F;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#80329b;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#0E408A;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#196CA8;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#b71c1c;"> </th> <th style="width:6.5em; background:#3356D3;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td>29 April 2024 19:00 CET<a href="#cite_note-171">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-Maastricht-172">[155]</a> </td> <td>Theater aan het Vrijthof, <a href="/wiki/Maastricht" title="Maastricht">Maastricht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td>Studio Europa Maastricht, <a href="/wiki/Politico_Europe" title="Politico Europe">Politico Europe</a> </td> <td>Barbara Moens, Marcia Luyten </td> <td>English </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">von der Leyen</a> </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Schmit" title="Nicolas Schmit">Schmit</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann" title="Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann">Strack-Zimmermann</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[r]</a> </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Bas_Eickhout" title="Bas Eickhout">Eickhout</a> </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maylis_Ro%C3%9Fberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maylis Roßberg (page does not exist)">Roßberg</a> </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Anders_Vistisen" title="Anders Vistisen">Vistisen</a><a href="#cite_note-Vistisen-5">[b]</a> </td> <td style="background:#FF9090; color:black; text-align:center;">A </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Walter_Baier" title="Walter Baier">Baier</a> </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Valeriu_Ghile%C8%9Bchi" title="Valeriu Ghilețchi">Ghilețchi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 May 2024 16:00 CET<a href="#cite_note-Bruegel-174">[156]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruegel_(think_tank)" title="Bruegel (think tank)">Bruegel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a> </td> <td>Maria Demertzis, Henry Foy </td> <td>English </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">von der Leyen</a> </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Schmit" title="Nicolas Schmit">Schmit</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Sandro_Gozi" title="Sandro Gozi">Gozi</a><a href="#cite_note-Gozi-175">[s]</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Anders_Vistisen" title="Anders Vistisen">Vistisen</a><a href="#cite_note-Vistisen-5">[b]</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 May 2024 17:00 CET<a href="#cite_note-176">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[158]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Espace_L%C3%A9opold" title="Espace Léopold">Espace Léopold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Broadcasting_Union" title="European Broadcasting Union">European Broadcasting Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> </td> <td>Annelies Beck, Martin Řezníček </td> <td>English </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">von der Leyen</a> </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Schmit" title="Nicolas Schmit">Schmit</a> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Sandro_Gozi" title="Sandro Gozi">Gozi</a><a href="#cite_note-Gozi-175">[s]</a> </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Terry_Reintke" title="Terry Reintke">Reintke</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td> <td style="background:#90FF90; color:black; text-align:center;">P <a href="/wiki/Walter_Baier" title="Walter Baier">Baier</a> </td> <td style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;">NI </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="29_April_(Maastricht,_Netherlands)">29 April (Maastricht, Netherlands)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: 29 April (Maastricht, Netherlands)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maastricht_Debate_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Maastricht_Debate_2024.jpg/220px-Maastricht_Debate_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Maastricht_Debate_2024.jpg/330px-Maastricht_Debate_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Maastricht_Debate_2024.jpg/440px-Maastricht_Debate_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7615" data-file-height="4926" /></a><figcaption>Lead Candidates participating in the Maastricht Debate 2024</figcaption></figure> The first debate was held on Monday, 29 April 2024 from 19:00 to 20:30 CET at the Theater aan het Vrijthof in Maastricht, Netherlands.<a href="#cite_note-Maastricht-172">[155]</a> It was hosted by Studio Europa Maastricht and Politico Europe and was <a href="/wiki/European_Broadcasting_Union" title="European Broadcasting Union">EBU</a>’s Eurovision News Exchange distributed the feed to its public service media network of members.<a href="#cite_note-Maastricht-172">[155]</a> An initiative of <a href="/wiki/Maastricht_University" title="Maastricht University">Maastricht University</a>, it was the third edition of the so-called "Maastrich Debate" <a href="#cite_note-Maastricht-172">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[159]</a> All ten registered <a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European Political parties</a> were invited to the debate.<a href="#cite_note-Maastricht-172">[155]</a> The debate questions focused on three main themes: <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>, foreign and security policy, and EU democracy.<a href="#cite_note-Maastricht-172">[155]</a> During the debate, <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> indicated she would be open to a deal with the <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">European Conservatives and Reformists</a> group after the election saying that the collaboration “depends very much on how the composition of the Parliament is, and who is in what group”.<a href="#cite_note-179">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="21_May_(Brussels,_Belgium)">21 May (Brussels, Belgium)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: 21 May (Brussels, Belgium)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FT_Bruegel_debate_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/FT_Bruegel_debate_2024.jpg/220px-FT_Bruegel_debate_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/FT_Bruegel_debate_2024.jpg/330px-FT_Bruegel_debate_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/FT_Bruegel_debate_2024.jpg/440px-FT_Bruegel_debate_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7008" data-file-height="4672" /></a><figcaption>Financial Times and Bruegel debate in 2024</figcaption></figure> The second debate was held on Tuesday, 21 May 2024 from 17:00 to 18:15 in Brussels, Belgium.<a href="#cite_note-Bruegel-174">[156]</a> It was hosted by the think tank Bruegel and the Financial Times. The debate questions focused on economic policy in the EU.<a href="#cite_note-180">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="23_May_(Brussels,_Belgium)">23 May (Brussels, Belgium)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: 23 May (Brussels, Belgium)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eurovision_Debate_2024_with_Lead_Candidates.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Eurovision_Debate_2024_with_Lead_Candidates.jpg/220px-Eurovision_Debate_2024_with_Lead_Candidates.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Eurovision_Debate_2024_with_Lead_Candidates.jpg/330px-Eurovision_Debate_2024_with_Lead_Candidates.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Eurovision_Debate_2024_with_Lead_Candidates.jpg/440px-Eurovision_Debate_2024_with_Lead_Candidates.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Eurovision Debate 2024 with Lead Candidates</figcaption></figure> The third debate was held on Thursday, 23 May 2024 from 15:00 to 17:00 CET at the European Parliament in Brussels, Belgium.<a href="#cite_note-EBUdebate-182">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[164]</a> It was hosted by the European Broadcasting Union together with the European Parliament and it was broadcast on public service media channels and online platforms members.<a href="#cite_note-EBUdebate-182">[163]</a> The debate took place in English, with interpretation into all 24 official EU languages and <a href="/wiki/International_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="International Sign Language">International Sign Language</a>. It was the third edition of the so-called "<a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Debate" title="Eurovision Debate">Eurovision Debate</a>". Invitations to the debate were sent by the EBU to the ten recognised <a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European Political parties</a>, with only one lead candidate allowed to be nominated from each of the seven <a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">Political groups of the European Parliament</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EBUdebate-182">[163]</a> On 7 May, EBU announced the candidates for the debate. Two parties, the ECR and ID, were considered by EBU not eligible to take part in the debate, since they have not nominated lead candidates for the Presidency of the European Commission and.<a href="#cite_note-184">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[166]</a> The debate questions focused on six main topics: Economy and Jobs, Defence and Security, Climate and Environment, Democracy and Leadership, Migration and Borders, Innovation and Technology.<a href="#cite_note-186">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voting_advice_applications">Voting advice applications</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Voting advice applications">edit</a>]</div> Several <a href="/wiki/Voting_advice_application" title="Voting advice application">voting advice applications</a> at the European level have been developed to help voters choose their candidates. Some of these applications could collect user data for research or commercial purpose. <ul><li>EUROMAT allows users to compare their positions on 20 statements with the answers given by the <a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European political parties</a>.<a href="#cite_note-187">[168]</a> The result is presented as a percentage of agreement with each party. At the end, users can see the stances of each group. The EUROMAT was created as a joint project of the NGOs <a href="/wiki/Pulse_of_Europe" title="Pulse of Europe">Pulse of Europe</a> and Polis 180 and the blog Der (europäische) Föderalist and is available in eight languages.<a href="#cite_note-188">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[170]</a></li></ul> <ul><li>VoteMatch.eu is a comprehensive collection of VAAs, with a unique application tailored for each member state.<a href="#cite_note-190">[171]</a> This application first matches users with political parties within their own country. While answering the questions, users can see the stances of the national parties (but not all, it depends on the country), and, in some countries, their arguments. This is because votematch.eu aggregate VVA proposed by external actors at the national level. After this initial matching and because each VAA share at least 15 questions, users can compare their results with those in other member states. The overall platform was developed by German <a href="/wiki/Federal_Agency_for_Civic_Education" title="Federal Agency for Civic Education">bpb</a> and Dutch ProDemos.</li></ul> <ul><li>VoteTracker.eu allows users to visualise the votes of the outgoing MEPs on 18 selected votes, and to find the MEPs who best match their convictions.<a href="#cite_note-191">[172]</a> The website allows MEP to submit explanations of their stances.</li></ul> <ul><li>EuroMPmatch is a collaborative project between EUmatrix and the <a href="/wiki/European_University_Institute" title="European University Institute">European University Institute</a> aimed at enhancing citizen engagement in EU policy-making. By analyzing MEPs' actual voting records on 20 key topics, the project offers citizens a quiz to determine alignment with MEPs, parties, and political xgroups.<a href="#cite_note-192">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[174]</a> It has been translated in 25 languages.</li></ul> <ul><li>EU&I, developed by the European University Institute in Florence, offers 30 questions to which the user can answer from ‘completely agree’ to ‘completely disagree’.<a href="#cite_note-194">[175]</a> They can then give more weight to certain questions. The result is presented as a percentage of agreement with each national party. The site has been translated into 20 languages.<a href="#cite_note-195">[176]</a> They had more than 150 000 users.<a href="#cite_note-196">[177]</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Adeno is an application that allows users to discover the European group that best matches their convictions through 100 questions (20 in the express mode) covering 10 themes. The application also offers a multiplayer mode. It is available on Android<a href="#cite_note-197">[178]</a> and iPhone.<a href="#cite_note-198">[179]</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Palumba is an application, developed by an association of young professionals, offers 27 questions to be answered ‘for’, ‘against’ or ‘neutral’.<a href="#cite_note-199">[180]</a> Explanations are provided for each question. The application provides the result in the form of a percentage of agreement for each European group and displays the closest national parties. The application is available on Android and iPhone and is available in over 30 languages (including regional dialects)<a href="#cite_note-200">[181]</a></li> <li>The Bloom association, whose goal is to fight the destruction of the ocean, the climate, and livelihoods, ranked the European groups both globally and at the national scale on 4 issues: ocean, climate, biodiversity and environmental justice.<a href="#cite_note-201">[182]</a> The page is available in 5 languages.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections">Opinion polling and seat projections</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Opinion polling and seat projections">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections_for_the_2024_European_Parliament_election" title="Opinion polling and seat projections for the 2024 European Parliament election">Opinion polling and seat projections for the 2024 European Parliament election</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polling_aggregations">Polling aggregations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Polling aggregations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Seat_projections">Seat projections</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Seat projections">edit</a>]</div> Europe Elects, Der Föderalist and Politico Europe have been presenting seat projections throughout the legislative period. Other institutes started presenting data during the election campaign. All projections make their national-level data transparent, except Politico Europe, which only presents aggregate EU-level data. <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; line-height:16px;"> <tbody><tr style="height:42px;"> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Polling aggregator </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width:100px;">Date updated </th> <th rowspan="2">Number of seats </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">G/EFA</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group" title="European People's Party Group">EPP</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy" title="Identity and Democracy">ID</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Non-Inscrits" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Inscrits">NI</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" class="unsortable" style="width:50px;">Others </th></tr> <tr> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#B71C1C;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#F0001C;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#57B45F;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#FFD700;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#3399FF;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#196CA8;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#0E408A;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#999999;"> </th></tr> <tr style="background:#EFEFEF;"> <td rowspan="3">2024 election </td> <td>After reorganisation of groups </td> <td>16 July 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>46 </td> <td>136 </td> <td>53 </td> <td>77 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">188 </td> <td>78 </td> <td>84 (as <a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">PfE</a>) </td> <td>33+25 <a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">ESN</a> </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EFEFEF;"> <td>Dynamic<a href="#cite_note-Foederalist_Dynamic-202">[t]</a><a href="#cite_note-EuropeElects_Dynamic-203">[u]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-204">[183]</a> </td> <td>9 June 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>40 </td> <td>136 </td> <td>54 </td> <td>80 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">188 </td> <td>82 </td> <td>64 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EFEFEF;"> <td>Baseline<a href="#cite_note-Foederalist_Baseline-205">[v]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-204">[183]</a> </td> <td>9 June 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>39 </td> <td>136 </td> <td>54 </td> <td>78 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">177 </td> <td>73 </td> <td>58 </td> <td>48 </td> <td>67 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">PolitPro<a href="#cite_note-EU_Parliament:_Polls_and_trends_for_the_2029_election-206">[184]</a> </td> <td>9 June 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>40 </td> <td>139 </td> <td>40 </td> <td>81 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">174 </td> <td>74 </td> <td>89 </td> <td>43 </td> <td>40 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Politico_Europe" title="Politico Europe">Politico Europe</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[185]</a> </td> <td>6 June 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>32 </td> <td>143 </td> <td>41 </td> <td>75 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">173 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>67 </td> <td>58 </td> <td>55 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">election.de<a href="#cite_note-208">[186]</a> </td> <td>6 June 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>42 </td> <td>138 </td> <td>58 </td> <td>85 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">181 </td> <td>82 </td> <td>69 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Cassandra-odds.com<a href="#cite_note-209">[187]</a> </td> <td>5 June 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>38 </td> <td>145 </td> <td>57 </td> <td>89 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">167 </td> <td>84 </td> <td>73 </td> <td>67 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">euobserver<a href="#cite_note-210">[188]</a> </td> <td>5 June 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>43 </td> <td>140 </td> <td>52 </td> <td>79 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">178 </td> <td>89 </td> <td>63 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Europe_Elects" title="Europe Elects">Europe Elects</a><a href="#cite_note-Chaos_Right-211">[189]</a> </td> <td>4 June 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>38 </td> <td>136 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>81 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">182 </td> <td>79 </td> <td>69 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Der Föderalist<a href="#cite_note-212">[190]</a> </td> <td>Baseline<a href="#cite_note-Foederalist_Baseline-205">[v]</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">3 Jun 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>37 </td> <td>136 </td> <td>57 </td> <td>81 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">172 </td> <td>79 </td> <td>66 </td> <td>50 </td> <td>42 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dynamic<a href="#cite_note-Foederalist_Dynamic-202">[t]</a> </td> <td>720 </td> <td>40 </td> <td>137 </td> <td>58 </td> <td>85 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">186 </td> <td>80 </td> <td>78 </td> <td>56 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Euronews<a href="#cite_note-213">[191]</a> </td> <td>23 May 2024 </td> <td>720 </td> <td>43 </td> <td>135 </td> <td>54 </td> <td>82 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">181 </td> <td>80 </td> <td>83 </td> <td>62 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="13" style="background:#A0A0A0"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EFEFEF;"> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">2019 election</a> </td> <td>After Brexit </td> <td data-sort-value="2020-02-01">1 Feb 2020 </td> <td>705 </td> <td>40 </td> <td>148 </td> <td>67 </td> <td>97 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">187 </td> <td>62 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>28 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EFEFEF;"> <td>Before Brexit </td> <td data-sort-value="2019-05-26">26 May 2019 </td> <td>751 </td> <td>41 </td> <td>154 </td> <td>74 </td> <td>108 </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">182 </td> <td>62 </td> <td>73 </td> <td>57 </td> <td>– </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Popular_vote_projections">Popular vote projections</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Popular vote projections">edit</a>]</div> Europe Elects has been presenting popular vote projections throughout the legislative period. Other institutes started presenting data during the election campaign. <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; line-height:16px;"> <tbody><tr style="height:42px;"> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Polling aggregator </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width:100px;">Date updated </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">G/EFA</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group" title="European People's Party Group">EPP</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy" title="Identity and Democracy">ID</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"><a href="/wiki/Non-Inscrits" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Inscrits">NI</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" class="unsortable" style="width:50px;">Others </th></tr> <tr> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#B71C1C;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#F0001C;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#57B45F;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#FFD700;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#3399FF;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#196CA8;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#0E408A;"> </th> <th data-sort-type="number" style="color:inherit;background:#999999;"> </th></tr> <tr style="background:#EFEFEF;"> <td colspan="2">2024 election </td> <td>9 June 2024 </td> <td>6.7 % </td> <td>19.2 % </td> <td>8.8 % </td> <td>10.4 % </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">21.2 % </td> <td>12.3 % </td> <td>9.0 % </td> <td>9.0 % </td> <td>3.4 % </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="13" style="background:#A0A0A0"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">PolitPro<a href="#cite_note-EU_Parliament:_Polls_and_trends_for_the_2029_election-206">[184]</a> </td> <td>9 June 2024 </td> <td>5.6% </td> <td>19.3% </td> <td>5.6% </td> <td>11.3% </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">24.2% </td> <td>10.3% </td> <td>12.4% </td> <td>6.0% </td> <td>5.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a><a href="#cite_note-214">[192]</a> </td> <td>9 June 2024 </td> <td>6.0% </td> <td>16.0% </td> <td>6.0% </td> <td>10.0% </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">22.0% </td> <td>10.0% </td> <td>9.0% </td> <td>7.0% </td> <td>14.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Europe Elects<a href="#cite_note-Chaos_Right-211">[189]</a> </td> <td>31 May 2024 </td> <td>6.4% </td> <td>19.8% </td> <td>7.7% </td> <td>11.2% </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">21.1% </td> <td>12.2% </td> <td>8.5% </td> <td>8.9% </td> <td>4.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="13" style="background:#A0A0A0"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EFEFEF;"> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">2019 election</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EFEFEF;"> <td>Before Brexit </td> <td data-sort-value="2019-05-26">26 May 2019 </td> <td>6.5% </td> <td>18.5% </td> <td>11.7% </td> <td>13.0% </td> <td style="background:#CCE5FF;">21.0% </td> <td>8.2% </td> <td>10.8% </td> <td>7.2% </td> <td>3.1% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voter_turnout">Voter turnout</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Voter turnout">edit</a>]</div> About 357 million people were eligible to vote in 27 countries.<a href="#cite_note-EE-EU24-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-215">[193]</a> Of those, around 182 million people voted.<a href="#cite_note-216">[194]</a> This represents 51.05 % of the total eligible voters, the highest percentage of voter turnout since 1994. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Results">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_parties">European parties</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: European parties">edit</a>]</div> Affiliation to the parties at the time of the election on 6–9 June 2024. <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Party</th><th scope="col">Seats</th><th scope="col">+/–</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#3399FF"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">European People's Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">171</td><td style="text-align:right">–6</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F0001C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></td><td style="text-align:right">129</td><td style="text-align:right">–7</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#196CA8"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Party" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Party">European Conservatives and Reformists Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">58</td><td style="text-align:right">+6</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:gold"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">58</td><td style="text-align:right">–13</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0E408A"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Identity and Democracy Party">Identity and Democracy Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">57</td><td style="text-align:right">–19</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#57B45F"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_Green_Party" title="European Green Party">European Green Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">42</td><td style="text-align:right">–12</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#b71c1c"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_European_Left" title="Party of the European Left">Party of the European Left</a></td><td style="text-align:right">29</td><td style="text-align:right">+1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F39200"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_Democratic_Party" title="European Democratic Party">European Democratic Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">9</td><td style="text-align:right">–1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#80329b"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_Free_Alliance" title="European Free Alliance">European Free Alliance</a></td><td style="text-align:right">7</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#502379"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Volt_Europa" title="Volt Europa">Volt Europa</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5</td><td style="text-align:right">+4</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#3356D3"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_Christian_Political_Movement" title="European Christian Political Movement">European Christian Political Movement</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#830000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_Communist_Action" title="European Communist Action">European Communist Action</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#77b72a"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Animal_Politics_EU" title="Animal Politics EU">Animal Politics EU</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">–1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#000000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_Pirate_Party" title="European Pirate Party">European Pirate Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">–3</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DDDDBB"></td><td>Others</td><td style="text-align:right">146</td><td style="text-align:right">+36</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">720</td><td style="text-align:right">+15<a href="#cite_note-previous-seats-217">[w]</a></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="4" style="color:var( --color-base, #202122 );background:var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 )"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europeelects.eu/ep2024/">European Parliament Election 2024 Europe Elects</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MEPs_who_lost_their_seat">MEPs who lost their seat</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: MEPs who lost their seat">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_MEPs_who_lost_their_seat_in_the_2024_European_Parliament_election" title="List of MEPs who lost their seat in the 2024 European Parliament election">List of MEPs who lost their seat in the 2024 European Parliament election</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Groups_formed">Groups formed</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Groups formed">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2024_EP_election_map_-_seat_share_by_country.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/2024_EP_election_map_-_seat_share_by_country.svg/396px-2024_EP_election_map_-_seat_share_by_country.svg.png" decoding="async" width="396" height="450" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/2024_EP_election_map_-_seat_share_by_country.svg/593px-2024_EP_election_map_-_seat_share_by_country.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/2024_EP_election_map_-_seat_share_by_country.svg/791px-2024_EP_election_map_-_seat_share_by_country.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1740" /></a><figcaption>Seat share of each group within each country.</figcaption></figure> Composition of the groups at the time of the first plenary assembly on 16–19 July 2024. <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;color:var( --color-base, #202122 );background:var( --background-color-neutral, #F8F9FA )"><a href="/wiki/File:European_Parliament2024.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/European_Parliament2024.svg/360px-European_Parliament2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/European_Parliament2024.svg/540px-European_Parliament2024.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/European_Parliament2024.svg/720px-European_Parliament2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></th></tr><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Group</th><th scope="col">Seats</th><th scope="col">+/–</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#3399FF"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group" title="European People's Party Group">European People's Party Group</a></td><td style="text-align:right">188</td><td style="text-align:right">+1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F0001C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats</a></td><td style="text-align:right">136</td><td style="text-align:right">-12</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#253082"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">Patriots for Europe</a></td><td style="text-align:right">84</td><td style="text-align:right">+8</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#196CA8"></td><td><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">European Conservatives and Reformists</a></td><td style="text-align:right">78</td><td style="text-align:right">+16</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FFD700"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a></td><td style="text-align:right">77</td><td style="text-align:right">-20</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#57B45F"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens–European Free Alliance</a></td><td style="text-align:right">53</td><td style="text-align:right">-14</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#B71C1C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL</a></td><td style="text-align:right">46</td><td style="text-align:right">+6</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">Europe of Sovereign Nations</a></td><td style="text-align:right">25</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#999999"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Non-Inscrits" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Inscrits">Non-Inscrits</a></td><td style="text-align:right">33</td><td style="text-align:right">-24</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">720</td><td style="text-align:right">+15<a href="#cite_note-previous-seats-217">[w]</a></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="4" style="color:var( --color-base, #202122 );background:var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 )"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://results.elections.europa.eu/en/">Elections official website</a> (as of 11 July, 8:54 <a href="/wiki/GMT%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="GMT+2">GMT+2</a>)<a href="#cite_note-218">[195]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="By_country">By country</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: By country">edit</a>]</div> Unless otherwise noted, this shows the seat breakdown according to the European Parliament's results page.<a href="#cite_note-219">[196]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%; text-align:left; width: 100%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; white-space:nowrap"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">State</a> </th> <th colspan="18"><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">Political groups</a> </th> <th rowspan="3">MEPs </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#3399FF;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#F0001C;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#253082;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#196CA8;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#FFD700;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#57B45F;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#B71C1C;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#13517E;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%; background:#999999;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_group" class="mw-redirect" title="European People's Party group">EPP</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">Patriots</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">G/EFA</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">ESN</a> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width: 10%"><a href="/wiki/Non-Inscrits" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Inscrits">NI</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2024 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">5 (<a href="/wiki/Austrian_People%27s_Party" title="Austrian People's Party">ÖVP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">-2 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">5 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" title="Social Democratic Party of Austria">SPÖ</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">6 (<a href="/wiki/Freedom_Party_of_Austria" title="Freedom Party of Austria">FPÖ</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">+3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/NEOS_%E2%80%93_The_New_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="NEOS – The New Austria">NEOS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/The_Greens_%E2%80%93_The_Green_Alternative" class="mw-redirect" title="The Greens – The Green Alternative">Grüne</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">−1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>20 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2024 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Christen-Democratisch_en_Vlaams" class="mw-redirect" title="Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams">CD&V</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Christlich_Soziale_Partei_(Belgium)" title="Christlich Soziale Partei (Belgium)">CSP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 ±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Vooruit_(political_party)" title="Vooruit (political party)">Vooruit</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/Parti_Socialiste_(Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Parti Socialiste (Belgium)">PS</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">+1 ±0 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Belang" title="Vlaams Belang">VB</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/New_Flemish_Alliance" title="New Flemish Alliance">N-VA</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Mouvement_R%C3%A9formateur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouvement Réformateur">MR</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Open_Vlaamse_Liberalen_en_Democraten" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten">Open VLD</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Les_Engag%C3%A9s" title="Les Engagés">LE</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">+1 −1 ±0 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Groen_(political_party)" title="Groen (political party)">Groen</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/ECOLO" class="mw-redirect" title="ECOLO">ECOLO</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">±0 -1 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Belgium" title="Workers' Party of Belgium">PTB</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>22 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2024 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">5 (<a href="/wiki/GERB%E2%80%93SDS" title="GERB–SDS">GERB–SDS</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/We_Continue_the_Change_%E2%80%93_Democratic_Bulgaria" title="We Continue the Change – Democratic Bulgaria">PP-DB</a>: <a href="/wiki/Democrats_for_a_Strong_Bulgaria" title="Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria">DSB</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">-1 ±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Socialist_Party" title="Bulgarian Socialist Party">BSP</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">-3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/There_is_Such_a_People" title="There is Such a People">ITN</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Movement for Rights and Freedoms">DPS</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/We_Continue_the_Change_%E2%80%93_Democratic_Bulgaria" title="We Continue the Change – Democratic Bulgaria">PP-DB</a>: <a href="/wiki/We_Continue_the_Change" title="We Continue the Change">PP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">±0 +2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Revival_(Bulgarian_political_party)" title="Revival (Bulgarian political party)">Revival</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:right;">+3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>17 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">6 (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_Democratic_Union" title="Croatian Democratic Union">HDZ</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+2 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia" title="Social Democratic Party of Croatia">SDP</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Homeland_Movement_(Croatia)" title="Homeland Movement (Croatia)">DP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/We_can!_(Croatia)" class="mw-redirect" title="We can! (Croatia)">Možemo!</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>12 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2024 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Rally" title="Democratic Rally">DISY</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Cyprus)" title="Democratic Party (Cyprus)">DIKO</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/ELAM_(Cyprus)" title="ELAM (Cyprus)">ELAM</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_of_Working_People" title="Progressive Party of Working People">AKEL</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Fidias_Panayiotou" title="Fidias Panayiotou">Fidias</a>) </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <th>6 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Spolu_(Czech_Republic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spolu (Czech Republic)">SPOLU</a>: <a href="/wiki/TOP_09" title="TOP 09">TOP 09</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Spolu_(Czech_Republic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spolu (Czech Republic)">SPOLU</a>: <a href="/wiki/KDU%E2%80%93%C4%8CSL" class="mw-redirect" title="KDU–ČSL">KDU–ČSL</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/Mayors_and_Independents" title="Mayors and Independents">STAN</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 -1 +1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">7 (<a href="/wiki/ANO_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="ANO 2011">ANO</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADsaha_and_Motorists" title="Přísaha and Motorists">Přísaha–AUTO</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">+1 +2 </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Spolu_(Czech_Republic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spolu (Czech Republic)">SPOLU</a>: <a href="/wiki/Civic_Democratic_Party_(Czech_Republic)" title="Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)">ODS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Czech_Pirate_Party" title="Czech Pirate Party">Piráti</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">-2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Freedom_and_Direct_Democracy" title="Freedom and Direct Democracy">SPD</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Sta%C4%8Dilo!" title="Stačilo!">Stačilo!</a>) </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <th>21 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2024 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_People%27s_Party_(Denmark)" title="Conservative People's Party (Denmark)">C</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Alliance_(Denmark)" title="Liberal Alliance (Denmark)">I</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 +1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democrats_(Denmark)" title="Social Democrats (Denmark)">A</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Danish_People%27s_Party" title="Danish People's Party">O</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Denmark_Democrats" title="Denmark Democrats">Æ</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Venstre_(Denmark)" title="Venstre (Denmark)">V</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Danish_Social_Liberal_Party" title="Danish Social Liberal Party">B</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Moderates_(Denmark)" title="Moderates (Denmark)">M</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">-2 -1 +1 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_People%27s_Party_(Denmark)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist People's Party (Denmark)">F</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Red%E2%80%93Green_Alliance_(Denmark)" title="Red–Green Alliance (Denmark)">Ø</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>15 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Isamaa" title="Isamaa">Isamaa</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Estonia)" title="Social Democratic Party (Estonia)">SDE</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_People%27s_Party_of_Estonia" title="Conservative People's Party of Estonia">EKRE</a>)<a href="#cite_note-EKRE_post-election-222">[x]</a> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Estonian_Reform_Party" title="Estonian Reform Party">RE</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Estonian_Centre_Party" title="Estonian Centre Party">KE</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">-1 ±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>7 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_Party" title="National Coalition Party">Kok.</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Finland" title="Social Democratic Party of Finland">SDP</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Finns_Party" title="Finns Party">PS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Finland)" title="Centre Party (Finland)">Kesk</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Swedish_People%27s_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish People's Party">SFP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">±0 ±0 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Green_League" title="Green League">VIHR</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Left_Alliance_(Finland)" title="Left Alliance (Finland)">Vas.</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">+2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>15 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2024 European Parliament election in France">France</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">6 (<a href="/wiki/The_Republicans_(France)" title="The Republicans (France)">LR</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">−2 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">13 (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(France)" title="Socialist Party (France)">PS</a>-<a href="/wiki/Place_Publique" title="Place Publique">PP</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">+7 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">30 (<a href="/wiki/National_Rally_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rally (France)">RN</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">+7 </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/Reconqu%C3%AAte" title="Reconquête">R!</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Reconquete_post-election-224">[y]</a> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+4 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">13 (<a href="/wiki/Together_(coalition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Together (coalition)">Ensemble</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">-10 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">5 (<a href="/wiki/The_Ecologists_(political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ecologists (political party)">LE</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">-8 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">9 (<a href="/wiki/La_France_Insoumise" title="La France Insoumise">FI</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">+3 </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Reconqu%C3%AAte" title="Reconquête">R!</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Reconquete_post-election-224">[y]</a> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>81 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2024 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">23 (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Democratic Union (Germany)">CDU</a>) 6 (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Union_of_Bavaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Social Union of Bavaria">CSU</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Ecological_Democratic_Party" title="Ecological Democratic Party">ÖDP</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Family_Party_of_Germany" title="Family Party of Germany">FAMILIE</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 ±0 ±0 ±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">14 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">−2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">5 (<a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a>) 3 (<a href="/wiki/Free_Voters" title="Free Voters">FW</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">±0 +1 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">12 (<a href="/wiki/Alliance_%2790/The_Greens" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance '90/The Greens">B90/Grüne</a>) 3 (<a href="/wiki/Volt_Germany" title="Volt Germany">Volt</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">-9 +2 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">Linke</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Human_Environment_Animal_Protection_Party" title="Human Environment Animal Protection Party">Tierschutz</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">−2 ±0 </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:left;">14 (<a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">AfD</a>)<a href="#cite_note-AfD_post-election-226">[z]</a> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:right;">+3 </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:left;">6 (<a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCndnis_Sahra_Wagenknecht" class="mw-redirect" title="Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht">BSW</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/Die_Partei" class="mw-redirect" title="Die Partei">PARTEI</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">AfD</a>)<a href="#cite_note-AfD_post-election-226">[z]</a> 1 (<a href="/wiki/Party_of_Progress_(Germany)" title="Party of Progress (Germany)">PdF</a>) </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:right;">+6 +0 ±1 +1 </td> <th>96 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2024 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">7 (<a href="/wiki/New_Democracy_(Greece)" title="New Democracy (Greece)">ND</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/PASOK_%E2%80%93_Movement_for_Change" title="PASOK – Movement for Change">PASOK-KINAL</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Voice_of_Reason_(political_party)" title="Voice of Reason (political party)">FL</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Greek_Solution" title="Greek Solution">EL</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/Syriza" title="Syriza">Syriza</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">-2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">KKE</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Niki_(Greek_political_party)" title="Niki (Greek political party)">NIKI</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Course_of_Freedom" title="Course of Freedom">PE</a>) </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:right;">±0 +1 +1 </td> <th>21 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2024 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">7 (<a href="/wiki/Respect_and_Freedom_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Respect and Freedom Party">TISZA</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+7 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/DK%E2%80%93MSZP%E2%80%93Dialogue_Alliance" title="DK–MSZP–Dialogue Alliance">DK-MSZP-P</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">−3 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">11 (<a href="/wiki/Fidesz%E2%80%93KDNP" title="Fidesz–KDNP">Fidesz–KDNP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">−2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Our_Homeland_Movement" title="Our Homeland Movement">MHM</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>21 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">FG</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Ireland)" title="Labour Party (Ireland)">Lab</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">FF</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Independent_Ireland" title="Independent Ireland">II</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Michael_McNamara_(politician)" title="Michael McNamara (politician)">McNamara</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">+2 +1 +1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Sinn_Fein" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinn Fein">SF</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Luke_%27Ming%27_Flanagan" title="Luke 'Ming' Flanagan">Flanagan</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">+1 ±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>14 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2024 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">8 (<a href="/wiki/Forza_Italia_(2013)" title="Forza Italia (2013)">FI</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/South_Tyrolean_People%27s_Party" title="South Tyrolean People's Party">SVP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+1 ±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">21 (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Italy)" title="Democratic Party (Italy)">PD</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">+2 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">8 (<a href="/wiki/Lega_(political_party)" title="Lega (political party)">Lega</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">-21 </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">24 (<a href="/wiki/Brothers_of_Italy" title="Brothers of Italy">FdI</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+18 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/Greens_and_Left_Alliance" title="Greens and Left Alliance">AVS</a>: <a href="/wiki/Green_Europe" title="Green Europe">EV</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">+4 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">8 (<a href="/wiki/Five_Star_Movement" title="Five Star Movement">M5S</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/Greens_and_Left_Alliance" title="Greens and Left Alliance">AVS</a>: <a href="/wiki/Italian_Left" title="Italian Left">SI</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">–6 +2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>76 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/New_Unity" title="New Unity">JV</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_%22Harmony%22" title="Social Democratic Party "Harmony"">Saskaņa</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Latvia_First" title="Latvia First">LPV</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/National_Alliance_(Latvia)" title="National Alliance (Latvia)">NA</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/United_List_(Latvia)" title="United List (Latvia)">AS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">±0 +1 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/For_Latvia%27s_Development" title="For Latvia's Development">LA</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/The_Progressives_(Latvia)" title="The Progressives (Latvia)">P</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>9 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Homeland_Union_%E2%80%93_Lithuanian_Christian_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats">TS–LKD</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 +1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Lithuania" title="Social Democratic Party of Lithuania">LSDP</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Farmers_and_Greens_Union" title="Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union">LVŽS</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Electoral_Action_of_Poles_in_Lithuania_%E2%80%93_Christian_Families_Alliance" title="Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance">LLRA-KŠS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">-1 ±0 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Freedom_Party_(Lithuania)" title="Freedom Party (Lithuania)">LP</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Liberals%27_Movement_(Lithuania)" title="Liberals' Movement (Lithuania)">LS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">+1 ±0 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Union_of_Democrats_%22For_Lithuania%22" title="Union of Democrats "For Lithuania"">DSVL</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/People_and_Justice_Union" title="People and Justice Union">LCP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>11 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2024 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_People%27s_Party" title="Christian Social People's Party">CSV</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Socialist_Workers%27_Party" title="Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party">LSAP</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Alternative_Democratic_Reform_Party" title="Alternative Democratic Reform Party">ADR</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Luxembourg)" title="Democratic Party (Luxembourg)">DP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/The_Greens_(Luxembourg)" title="The Greens (Luxembourg)">Gréng</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>6 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2024 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Party_(Malta)" title="Nationalist Party (Malta)">PN</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">PL</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>6 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appeal" title="Christian Democratic Appeal">CDA</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/Farmer%E2%80%93Citizen_Movement" title="Farmer–Citizen Movement">BBB</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/New_Social_Contract" title="New Social Contract">NSC</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">−1 +2 +1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/GL%E2%80%93PvdA" class="mw-redirect" title="GL–PvdA">GL–PvdA</a>: <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Labour Party (Netherlands)">PvdA</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">-2 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">6 (<a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom" title="Party for Freedom">PVV</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">+5 </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Reformed_Political_Party" title="Reformed Political Party">SGP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="People's Party for Freedom and Democracy">VVD</a>) 3 (<a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">D66</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">−1 +1 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/GL%E2%80%93PvdA" class="mw-redirect" title="GL–PvdA">GL–PvdA</a>: <a href="/wiki/GreenLeft" class="mw-redirect" title="GreenLeft">GL</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/Volt_Netherlands" title="Volt Netherlands">Volt</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">+1 +2 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Party_for_the_Animals" title="Party for the Animals">PvdD</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>31 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">21 (<a href="/wiki/Civic_Coalition_(Poland)" title="Civic Coalition (Poland)">KO</a>: <a href="/wiki/Civic_Platform_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic Platform (Poland)">PO</a>-<a href="/wiki/Polish_Initiative" title="Polish Initiative">IPL</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/Third_Way_(Poland)" title="Third Way (Poland)">TD</a>: <a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party" title="Polish People's Party">PSL</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+7 -1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Poland)" title="The Left (Poland)">L</a>: <a href="/wiki/New_Left_(Poland)" title="New Left (Poland)">NL</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">-5 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">20 (<a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Law and Justice (Poland)">PiS</a>-<a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Poland" title="Sovereign Poland">SP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">-7 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Third_Way_(Poland)" title="Third Way (Poland)">TD</a>: <a href="/wiki/Poland_2050" title="Poland 2050">PL2050</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Confederation_Liberty_and_Independence" title="Confederation Liberty and Independence">KWiN</a>: <a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Poland)" title="New Hope (Poland)">NN</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:right;">+3 </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Confederation_Liberty_and_Independence" title="Confederation Liberty and Independence">KWiN</a>: <a href="/wiki/National_Movement_(Poland)" title="National Movement (Poland)">RN</a>-<a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Polish_Crown" title="Confederation of the Polish Crown">KKP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:right;">+3 </td> <th>53 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2024 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">7 (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(Portugal,_2024)" title="Democratic Alliance (Portugal, 2024)">AD</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">8 (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Portugal)" title="Socialist Party (Portugal)">PS</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Chega_(political_party)" title="Chega (political party)">CH</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">+2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Initiative" title="Liberal Initiative">IL</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">+2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Left_Bloc_(Portugal)" title="Left Bloc (Portugal)">BE</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unitarian_Coalition" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Unitarian Coalition">CDU</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">−1 -1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>21 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">8 (<a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Romania" title="National Coalition for Romania">CNR</a>: <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a>) 2 (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania">UDMR</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">−2 ±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">11 (<a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Romania" title="National Coalition for Romania">CNR</a>: <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)" title="Social Democratic Party (Romania)">PSD</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">+2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">6 (<a href="/wiki/AUR_Alliance" title="AUR Alliance">AUR Alliance</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">+6 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/United_Right_Alliance" title="United Right Alliance">ADU</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">-7 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Nicolae_%C8%98tef%C4%83nu%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Nicolae Ștefănuță">Ștefănuță</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/S.O.S._Romania" title="S.O.S. Romania">SOS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:right;">+2 </td> <th>33 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Movement" title="Christian Democratic Movement">KDH</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">−1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">6 (<a href="/wiki/Progressive_Slovakia" title="Progressive Slovakia">PS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">+4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Republic_(Slovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic (Slovakia)">Republic</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Republika_post-election-228">[aa]</a> </td> <td style="background:#a0b7db; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:left;">5 (<a href="/wiki/Direction_%E2%80%93_Social_Democracy" title="Direction – Social Democracy">Smer</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Republic_(Slovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic (Slovakia)">Republic</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Republika_post-election-228">[aa]</a> 1 (<a href="/wiki/Voice_%E2%80%93_Social_Democracy" title="Voice – Social Democracy">Hlas</a>) </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:right;">+2 +1 +1 </td> <th>15 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Democratic_Party" title="Slovenian Democratic Party">SDS</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/New_Slovenia" title="New Slovenia">NSi</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+2 ±0 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democrats_(Slovenia)" title="Social Democrats (Slovenia)">SD</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Freedom_Movement_(Slovenia)" title="Freedom Movement (Slovenia)">Svoboda</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Vesna_%E2%80%93_Green_Party" title="Vesna – Green Party">Vesna</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>9 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2024 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">22 (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Spain)" title="People's Party (Spain)">PP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">+9 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">20 (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_Socialist_Workers%27_Party" title="Spanish Socialist Workers' Party">PSOE</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">-1 </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:left;">6 (<a href="/wiki/Vox_(political_party)" title="Vox (political party)">Vox</a>) </td> <td style="background:#79a6d2; text-align:right;">+2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_a_Solidary_Europe" title="Coalition for a Solidary Europe">CEUS</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">1 (<a href="/wiki/Republics_Now" class="mw-redirect" title="Republics Now">AR</a>: <a href="/wiki/Republican_Left_of_Catalonia" title="Republican Left of Catalonia">ERC</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Republics_Now" class="mw-redirect" title="Republics Now">AR</a>: <a href="/wiki/Galician_Nationalist_Bloc" title="Galician Nationalist Bloc">BNG</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Sumar_(electoral_alliance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumar (electoral alliance)">Sumar</a>: <a href="/wiki/Catalunya_en_Com%C3%BA" title="Catalunya en Comú">Comuns</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Sumar_(electoral_alliance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumar (electoral alliance)">Sumar</a>: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9s%E2%80%93Comprom%C3%ADs" title="Més–Compromís">Més</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">-1 +1 ±0 +1 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Podemos_(Spanish_political_party)" title="Podemos (Spanish political party)">Podemos</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Republics_Now" class="mw-redirect" title="Republics Now">AR</a>: <a href="/wiki/EH_Bildu" title="EH Bildu">EH Bildu</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Sumar_(electoral_alliance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumar (electoral alliance)">Sumar</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sumar_(electoral_alliance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumar (electoral alliance)">SMR</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">−1 ±0 +1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Se_Acab%C3%B3_La_Fiesta" title="Se Acabó La Fiesta">SALF</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Together_for_Catalonia_(2020)" title="Together for Catalonia (2020)">Junts</a>) </td> <td style="background:#ccc; text-align:right;">+3 –2 </td> <th>61 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2024 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:left;">4 (<a href="/wiki/Moderate_Party" title="Moderate Party">M</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Democrats_(Sweden)" title="Christian Democrats (Sweden)">KD</a>) </td> <td style="background:#a9d4ff; text-align:right;">±0 -1 </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:left;">5 (<a href="/wiki/Swedish_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Swedish Social Democratic Party">S</a>) </td> <td style="background:pink; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Sweden_Democrats" title="Sweden Democrats">SD</a>) </td> <td style="background:#8FBFEB; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Sweden)" title="Centre Party (Sweden)">C</a>) 1 (<a href="/wiki/Liberals_(Sweden)" title="Liberals (Sweden)">L</a>) </td> <td style="background:#f0ff8a; text-align:right;">±0 ±0 </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:left;">3 (<a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Sweden)" title="Green Party (Sweden)">MP</a>) </td> <td style="background:#92FF92; text-align:right;">±0 </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:left;">2 (<a href="/wiki/Left_Party_(Sweden)" title="Left Party (Sweden)">V</a>) </td> <td style="background:#FB8682; text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <th>21 </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;"> <th rowspan="3">Total </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#3399FF;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#F0001C;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#253082;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#196CA8;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#FFD700;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#57B45F;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#B71C1C;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#13517E;"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="width:10%; background:#999999;"> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width: 4%">MEPs </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;"> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_group" class="mw-redirect" title="European People's Party group">EPP</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">Patriots</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">G/EFA</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">ESN</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Non-Inscrits" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Inscrits">NI</a> </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold; background:rgb(232,232,232);"> <td>188 (26.1%) </td> <td>+1 </td> <td>136 (18.9%) </td> <td>−12 </td> <td>84 (11.7%) </td> <td>+8 </td> <td>78 (10.8%) </td> <td>+16 </td> <td>77 (10.7%) </td> <td>–20 </td> <td>53 (7.4%) </td> <td>−14 </td> <td>46 (6.4%) </td> <td>+6 </td> <td>25 (3.5%) </td> <td>+25 </td> <td>33 (4.6%) </td> <td>+5 </td> <td>720 (+15<a href="#cite_note-previous-seats-217">[w]</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Aftermath">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reactions">Reactions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Reactions">edit</a>]</div> Before all results were declared, President of France <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> announced the <a href="/wiki/2024_dissolution_of_the_National_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 dissolution of the National Assembly">dissolution</a> of the French National Assembly, calling <a href="/wiki/2024_French_legislative_election" title="2024 French legislative election">a snap election on 30 June</a>.<a href="#cite_note-229">[202]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parliament_formation">Parliament formation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Parliament formation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tenth_European_Parliament" title="Tenth European Parliament">Tenth European Parliament</a></div> After the election, the <a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">political groups of the European Parliament</a> reconstitute themselves and recruit new members. The first plenary session of the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> was held on 16–19 July.<a href="#cite_note-after-230">[203]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="European_People's_Party_2">European People's Party</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: European People's Party">edit</a>]</div> On 18 June 2024, <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_People%27s_Party_(Hungary)" title="Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)">Christian Democratic People's Party</a> (KDNP) officially left the <a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">European People's Party</a>, in response to the group's decision to admit the <a href="/wiki/Tisza_Party" title="Tisza Party">Tisza Party</a> (TISZA), also from Hungary, in their ranks.<a href="#cite_note-231">[204]</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[206]</a> Elected MEPs from the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>' <a href="/wiki/Farmer%E2%80%93Citizen_Movement" title="Farmer–Citizen Movement">Farmer–Citizen Movement</a> (BBB) and <a href="/wiki/New_Social_Contract" title="New Social Contract">New Social Contract</a> (NSC), <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mayors_and_Independents" title="Mayors and Independents">Mayors and Independents</a> (STAN), <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Alliance_(Denmark)" title="Liberal Alliance (Denmark)">Liberal Alliance</a> (LA) and <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Family_Party_of_Germany" title="Family Party of Germany">Family Party</a> also submitted requests to join the EPP Group.<a href="#cite_note-234">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="European_Conservatives_and_Reformists">European Conservatives and Reformists</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: European Conservatives and Reformists">edit</a>]</div> On 19 June 2024, the <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">European Conservatives and Reformists</a> group announced in an official press release that elected MEPs from <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Union_of_Romanians" title="Alliance for the Union of Romanians">Alliance for the Union of Romanians</a> (AUR), as well as former members of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Reconqu%C3%AAte" title="Reconquête">Reconquête</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Marion_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Marion Maréchal">Marion Maréchal</a>), had joined the group. As a result, the ECR became the third-largest faction in the European Parliament, overtaking <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a> in the process.<a href="#cite_note-235">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-236">[209]</a> However, on 5 July, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Vox_(political_party)" title="Vox (political party)">Vox</a> announced their intention to leave the ECR, in order to join the new <a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">Patriots for Europe</a> alliance;<a href="#cite_note-:10-237">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-238">[211]</a> as a result, the group's membership dropped to 78 MEPs, just one ahead of Renew.<a href="#cite_note-239">[212]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Greens/EFA">Greens/EFA</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Greens/EFA">edit</a>]</div> In June 2024, it was reported that five elected MEPs from <a href="/wiki/Volt_Europa" title="Volt Europa">Volt Europa</a>, two of whom from the <a href="/wiki/Volt_Netherlands" title="Volt Netherlands">Netherlands</a> and three from <a href="/wiki/Volt_Germany" title="Volt Germany">Germany</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Haeck,Wax-240">[213]</a> had begun negotiations both with Renew Europe and the <a href="/wiki/Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" title="Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens/EFA</a> to join their respective ranks on a stable basis.<a href="#cite_note-:5-241">[214]</a> On June 20, the Volt MEPs released a joint press statement recommending to join Greens/EFA, which they perceived as closer to their stance against <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">right-wing populism</a>, while expressing concerns over the presence of parties such as Czech Republic's <a href="/wiki/ANO_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="ANO 2011">ANO 2011</a> and the Netherlands' <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="People's Party for Freedom and Democracy">People's Party for Freedom and Democracy</a> (VVD) – which had agreed to join a coalition with the right-wing populist <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom" title="Party for Freedom">Party for Freedom</a> (PVV) to form the <a href="/wiki/Schoof_cabinet" title="Schoof cabinet">Schoof cabinet</a> – in the ranks of Renew.<a href="#cite_note-Haeck,Wax-240">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-241">[214]</a> On June 24, Volt officially announced that 87% of the party's members had voted in favour of joining the Greens/EFA group.<a href="#cite_note-242">[215]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Renew_Europe">Renew Europe</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Renew Europe">edit</a>]</div> On 21 June 2024, Czech Republic's ANO 2011 announced their decision to unilaterally withdraw from the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party</a>, as well as Renew Europe, due to "different positions" on the <a href="/wiki/European_Green_Deal" title="European Green Deal">European Green Deal</a> and the EU's <a href="/wiki/Migration_policy_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Migration policy of the European Union">migration policy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-politico_ano-243">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-244">[217]</a> On 2 July, Irish MEP <a href="/wiki/Michael_McNamara_(politician)" title="Michael McNamara (politician)">Michael McNamara</a>, who had been <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Ireland">elected</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician_(Ireland)" title="Independent politician (Ireland)">independent candidate</a>, officially became a member of Renew.<a href="#cite_note-245">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[219]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Left">The Left</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: The Left">edit</a>]</div> On 3 July 2024, the co-spokesperson of <a href="/wiki/The_Left_in_the_European_Parliament_%E2%80%93_GUE/NGL" class="mw-redirect" title="The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL">The Left</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manon_Aubry" title="Manon Aubry">Manon Aubry</a>, announced that <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Five_Star_Movement" title="Five Star Movement">Five Star Movement</a> (M5S), who were previously part of <a href="/wiki/Non-Inscrits" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Inscrits">Non-Inscrits</a> and failed to create a new group with Germany's <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCndnis_Sahra_Wagenknecht" class="mw-redirect" title="Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht">BSW</a> after the election,<a href="#cite_note-247">[220]</a> had submitted an official request to join the group, who had already admitted the MEPs from <a href="/wiki/Italian_Left" title="Italian Left">Italian Left</a> following the election.<a href="#cite_note-248">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-M5S-Left-249">[222]</a> Despite initial concerns, mainly related to the M5S's past alliances with the <a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_European_Parliament" title="Eighth European Parliament">Eighth European Parliament</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lega_(political_party)" title="Lega (political party)">Lega</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_Conte_government" title="First Conte government">First Conte government</a>,<a href="#cite_note-M5S-Left-249">[222]</a> the group officially admitted the party on 4 July.<a href="#cite_note-II_Movimento-250">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-251">[224]</a> In the process, the M5S became the second most-represented party within the GUE/NGL group, behind only France's <a href="/wiki/La_France_Insoumise" title="La France Insoumise">La France Insoumise</a>.<a href="#cite_note-II_Movimento-250">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-251">[224]</a> The agreement included an initial six-month spell of "reciprocal discussion" involving the political views expressed both by The Left and the M5S; Italian <a href="/wiki/Fact-checking" title="Fact-checking">fact-checking</a> portal Pagella Politica noted that their respective electoral programs diverged more or less evidently on several prominent topics, including open support of <a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">anti-fascist</a> values, the EU's <a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="European Union–NATO relations">relations</a> with the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Immigration_policy_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration policy of the European Union">immigration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commercial_policy" title="Commercial policy">commercial policies</a>, as well as the goals set by the <a href="/wiki/European_Green_Deal" title="European Green Deal">European Green Deal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-252">[225]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Identity_and_Democracy">Identity and Democracy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Identity and Democracy">edit</a>]</div> Following the announcement of the new <a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">Patriots for Europe</a> alliance, <a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy" title="Identity and Democracy">Identity and Democracy</a> saw several member parties leave the formation, or express interest in doing so,<a href="#cite_note-:12-253">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-:14-254">[227]</a> with examples including <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Chega_(political_party)" title="Chega (political party)">Chega</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:13-255">[228]</a> France's <a href="/wiki/National_Rally" title="National Rally">National Rally</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-253">[226]</a> and Italy's Lega.<a href="#cite_note-:8-256">[229]</a> Following the departure of MEPs from several key member parties, the ID group could no longer form a political group in the EU Parliament, which has a minimum requirement of members from at least seven member nations.<a href="#cite_note-:12-253">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-:14-254">[227]</a> According to anonymous ID members, the whole group could eventually get merged into Patriots for Europe, as part of negotiations supervised by the leader of the National Rally, <a href="/wiki/Marine_Le_Pen" title="Marine Le Pen">Marine Le Pen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-257">[230]</a><a href="#cite_note-:17-258">[231]</a> On 8 July 2024, the group officially disbanded, following the establishment of the PfE group in the European Parliament.<a href="#cite_note-:18-259">[232]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Patriots_for_Europe">Patriots for Europe</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Patriots for Europe">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">Patriots for Europe</a></div> On 30 June 2024, the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Prime Minister of Hungary</a> and leader of the <a href="/wiki/Fidesz" title="Fidesz">Fidesz</a> party, <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a>, publicly announced his intention to form a new parliamentary group, named <a href="/wiki/Patriots_for_Europe" title="Patriots for Europe">Patriots for Europe</a>, together with <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Party_of_Austria" title="Freedom Party of Austria">Freedom Party of Austria</a> (FPÖ) and Czech Republic's ANO 2011;<a href="#cite_note-:6-260">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-261">[234]</a> the alliance needed support from parties from at least four other EU countries in order to be recognized as an official group in the European Parliament.<a href="#cite_note-:8-256">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-260">[233]</a> As a result, the FPÖ would complete a switch from the Identity and Democracy group;<a href="#cite_note-:6-260">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-261">[234]</a> on the other hand, ANO 2011 had left Renew Europe a week before the announcement, while MEPs from Fidesz were part of Non-Inscrits since 2021, when the party had left the European People's Party.<a href="#cite_note-:6-260">[233]</a> Portugal's Chega officially entered the alliance on 2 July,<a href="#cite_note-:13-255">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-262">[235]</a> while Italy's Lega also publicly expressed interest in joining the new group.<a href="#cite_note-:8-256">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-:15-263">[236]</a> On 5 July, Spain's Vox announced their intention to enter Patriots for Europe, after leaving the ECR group,<a href="#cite_note-:10-237">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-238">[211]</a> with Netherlands' Party for Freedom, previously in the ID group, following suit.<a href="#cite_note-:112-264">[237]</a> The following day, both <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Danish_People%27s_Party" title="Danish People's Party">Danish People's Party</a> (DF)<a href="#cite_note-:16-265">[238]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Belang" title="Vlaams Belang">Vlaams Belang</a> switched from ID to the new group;<a href="#cite_note-:15-263">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-266">[239]</a> as a result, Patriots for Europe met the EU Parliament's minimum threshold for formal recognition.<a href="#cite_note-:15-263">[236]</a> An MEP from the DF party, <a href="/wiki/Anders_Vistisen" title="Anders Vistisen">Anders Vistisen</a>, stated that they agreed to join the alliance upon the condition that each national member would be allowed to pursue their own <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy" title="Foreign policy">foreign policy</a>, including on matters such as the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:16-265">[238]</a> On 7 July, the President of France's National Rally (RN), <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Bardella" title="Jordan Bardella">Jordan Bardella</a>, confirmed the party's intention to switch from ID to Patriots for Europe;<a href="#cite_note-:17-258">[231]</a><a href="#cite_note-267">[240]</a> as a result, the RN became the biggest delegation within the alliance, having elected 30 MEPs.<a href="#cite_note-:17-258">[231]</a> The following day, the group was officially established in the European Parliament: aside of the aforementioned parties, Italy's Lega, Czech Republic's <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADsaha" title="Přísaha">Přísaha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_Reason_(political_party)" title="Voice of Reason (political party)">Voice of Reason</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Latvia_First" title="Latvia First">Latvia First</a> also joined Patriots of Europe, bringing the group to a total amount of 84 MEPs, and making it the third-largest formation in the hemicycle.<a href="#cite_note-:18-259">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-:19-268">[241]</a> Bardella was appointed as the president of Patriots for Europe, while Vistisen was nominated as their <a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">chief whip</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:19-268">[241]</a> On 10 July, It was reported that the MEPs from a branch of Poland's <a href="/wiki/Confederation_Liberty_and_Independence" title="Confederation Liberty and Independence">Confederation</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Movement_(Poland)" title="National Movement (Poland)">National Movement</a>, had expressed an interest in joining the PfE group, which was neither confirmed nor denied by Patriots. If the party were to join, it would confirm a split within Confederation's other factions in the EU, <a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Poland)" title="New Hope (Poland)">New Hope</a> and <a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Polish_Crown" title="Confederation of the Polish Crown">Confederation of the Polish Crown</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BS-269">[242]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations">Europe of Sovereign Nations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Europe of Sovereign Nations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">Europe of Sovereign Nations Group</a></div> In June 2024, it was reported that Germany's <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a> (AfD) party, which had been expelled from Identity and Democracy before the election, was holding talks with other far-right parties for the creation of a new parliamentary group, tentatively named "The Sovereignists". According to reports, the group could also include Poland's Confederation, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Revival_(Bulgarian_political_party)" title="Revival (Bulgarian political party)">Revival</a>, Spain's <a href="/wiki/Se_Acab%C3%B3_La_Fiesta" title="Se Acabó La Fiesta">Se Acabó La Fiesta</a> (SALF), Romania's <a href="/wiki/S.O.S._Romania" title="S.O.S. Romania">S.O.S. Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Republic_Movement" title="Republic Movement">Republic Movement</a> (Republika), France's <a href="/wiki/Reconqu%C3%AAte" title="Reconquête">Reconquête</a>, Hungary's <a href="/wiki/Our_Homeland_Movement" title="Our Homeland Movement">Our Homeland Movement</a>, Greece's <a href="/wiki/Niki_(Greek_political_party)" title="Niki (Greek political party)">Niki</a> and Czech Republic's <a href="/wiki/Freedom_and_Direct_Democracy" title="Freedom and Direct Democracy">Freedom and Direct Democracy</a> (SPD).<a href="#cite_note-270">[243]</a><a href="#cite_note-271">[244]</a> On 10 July, it was reported that a new parliamentary group, named <a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">Europe of Sovereign Nations</a> (ESN), had officially formed, having met the minimum requirements to get formal recognition within the European Parliament. The group was officially launched later the same day; MEPs from Germany's AfD (the largest party in the group), Poland's Confederation, Bulgaria's Revival, France's Reconquête (excluding the former members who had left the party to join the <a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Group">ECR</a>), Czech Republic's SPD, Hungary's Our Homeland Movement, Slovakia's Republika and Lithuania's <a href="/wiki/People_and_Justice_Union" title="People and Justice Union">People and Justice Union</a>, all joined ESN, bringing the group to a total amount of 25 MEPs.<a href="#cite_note-EN-272">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-EV-273">[246]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Aust" title="René Aust">René Aust</a> (AfD) and <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Tyszka" title="Stanisław Tyszka">Stanisław Tyszka</a> (NN) were elected co-chairpersons of the parliamentary group.<a href="#cite_note-EN-272">[245]</a> Members from Spain's SALF and Greece's Niki were initially expected to also join ESN, but withdrew at the last minute.<a href="#cite_note-EN-272">[245]</a> A few members from AfD and Republika did not join the group, as well,<a href="#cite_note-EV-273">[246]</a> while MEPs from a single branch of Poland's Confederation, <a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Poland)" title="New Hope (Poland)">New Hope</a>, did enter the group, confirming a split within the alliance's other parties in the EU Parliament, <a href="/wiki/National_Movement_(Poland)" title="National Movement (Poland)">National Movement</a> (which was reportedly in talks to join the PfE group) and <a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Polish_Crown" title="Confederation of the Polish Crown">Confederation of the Polish Crown</a>, whose lone-MEP, <a href="/wiki/Grzegorz_Braun" title="Grzegorz Braun">Grzegorz Braun</a>, was set to sit with the <a href="/wiki/Non-Inscrits" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Inscrits">Non-Inscrits</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BS-269">[242]</a> Three MEPs, <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Krah" title="Maximilian Krah">Maximilian Krah</a> (from Germany's AfD), Braun and <a href="/wiki/Milan_Mazurek" title="Milan Mazurek">Milan Mazurek</a> (from Slovakia's Republika) were all reportedly excluded from joining the group, due to the <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">anti-semitic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust-denying</a> nature of their previous public statements. The co-leader of AfD, <a href="/wiki/Alice_Weidel" title="Alice Weidel">Alice Weidel</a>, commented and said that "no anti-semites should have a place in a potential group with [her] party."<a href="#cite_note-EV-273">[246]</a> Despite previous speculations, Romania's S.O.S. Romania was also excluded from ESN, due to some of the involved delegations expressing concerns about the party's declared goal to "redesign <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a>'s map" to establish the so-called "<a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania" title="Greater Romania">Greater Romania</a>", a hypothetical <a href="/wiki/Nation_state" title="Nation state">Nation-state</a> roughly resembling the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom of Romania</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">interwar period</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BS-269">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-EN-272">[245]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commission_formation">Commission formation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Commission formation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Von_der_Leyen_Commission_II#Election" title="Von der Leyen Commission II">Von der Leyen Commission II § Election</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right"> <tbody><tr> <th>Possible majorities for Commission President election<a href="#cite_note-274">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-275">[248]</a> </th> <th>Seats </th></tr> <tr> <td>Total seats</td> <td>720 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Absolute majority (361 or more seats) </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  EPP Group, S&D, RE</td> <td>401 </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  EPP Group, S&D, RE, G/EFA</td> <td>454 </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  EPP Group, S&D, ECR, RE</td> <td>479 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">No majority (360 or fewer seats) </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  EPP Group, S&D</td> <td>324 </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">  EPP Group, ECR, RE</td> <td>343 </td></tr></tbody></table> To be elected <a href="/wiki/Commission_President" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission President">Commission President</a>, a candidate must be proposed by the <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Voting_in_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Voting in the Council of the European Union">reinforced qualified majority</a> (at least 72% of the states representing at least 65% of the population) and receive a majority of the votes of the members of the European Parliament (at least 361 out of 720).<a href="#cite_note-276">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-277">[250]</a> On 27 June, during the European Council meeting, national leaders proposed <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> (EPP) as candidate for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a>, considered <a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kaja Kallas</a> (ALDE) to be the appropriate candidate for <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy</a> and elected <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">António Costa</a> (PES) as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President of the European Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-278">[251]</a> On 18 July 2024, <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> was re-elected <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">president of the European Commission</a> in a secret ballot, with 401 votes in favour, 284 against, and 22 cast blank or invalid votes.<a href="#cite_note-re-election-12">[8]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Candidate </th> <th>Members </th> <th>Voting </th> <th>Majority </th> <th>In favor </th> <th>Against </th> <th>Blank </th> <th>Void </th></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="background-color:#d8ffcc"><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td style="background-color:width:1px; background-color:#3399FF; width:1px;"> </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc">EPP </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc">719 </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc">707 </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc">360 </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc">401 </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc">284 </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc">15 </td> <td style="background-color:#d8ffcc">7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="11">Source: European Parliament<a href="#cite_note-279">[252]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MEPs_who_stood_down_at_the_2024_European_Parliament_election" title="List of MEPs who stood down at the 2024 European Parliament election">List of MEPs who stood down at the 2024 European Parliament election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_elections_in_the_European_Union" title="2024 elections in the European Union">2024 elections in the European Union</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concurrent_elections">Concurrent elections</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Concurrent elections">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>: <a href="/wiki/2024_Belgian_elections" title="2024 Belgian elections">general elections</a> (<a href="/wiki/2024_Belgian_federal_election" title="2024 Belgian federal election">parliamentary</a> and <a href="/wiki/2024_Belgian_regional_elections" title="2024 Belgian regional elections">regional elections</a>)<a href="#cite_note-280">[253]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>: <a href="/wiki/June_2024_Bulgarian_parliamentary_election" title="June 2024 Bulgarian parliamentary election">parliamentary elections</a><a href="#cite_note-9_June_2024_announced-281">[254]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>: <a href="/wiki/2024_Cypriot_local_elections" title="2024 Cypriot local elections">local elections</a><a href="#cite_note-282">[255]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>: local elections, <a href="/wiki/2024_Hamburg_borough_elections" title="2024 Hamburg borough elections">2024 Hamburg borough elections</a><a href="#cite_note-283">[256]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>: <a href="/wiki/2024_Hungarian_local_elections" title="2024 Hungarian local elections">local elections</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[257]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>: <a href="/wiki/2024_Irish_local_elections" title="2024 Irish local elections">local elections</a><a href="#cite_note-order-285">[258]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>: <a href="/wiki/2024_Italian_local_elections" title="2024 Italian local elections">local elections</a>,<a href="#cite_note-286">[259]</a> <a href="/wiki/2024_Piedmontese_regional_election" title="2024 Piedmontese regional election">2024 Piedmontese regional election</a><a href="#cite_note-287">[260]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>: <a href="/wiki/2024_Maltese_local_elections" title="2024 Maltese local elections">local elections</a><a href="#cite_note-288">[261]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>: <a href="/wiki/2024_Romanian_local_elections" title="2024 Romanian local elections">local elections</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[262]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>: <a href="/wiki/2024_Slovenian_referendum" title="2024 Slovenian referendum">three referendums with four questions</a><a href="#cite_note-290">[263]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>: local <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Sweden" title="Municipalities of Sweden">municipal</a> referendums<a href="#cite_note-291">[264]</a><a href="#cite_note-292">[265]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-seats-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-seats_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-seats_1-1">b</a> In September 2023, the <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a> had increased the number of MEPs from 705 to 720. </li> <li id="cite_note-Vistisen-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vistisen_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vistisen_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vistisen_5-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vistisen_5-3">d</a> <a href="/wiki/Anders_Vistisen" title="Anders Vistisen">Anders Vistisen</a> was selected to participate on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Identity and Democracy Party">Identity and Democracy Party</a> in pre-election debates, but he is not a lead candidate.<a href="#cite_note-105">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[89]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> Increase from the 76 seats which <a href="/wiki/Identity_and_Democracy" title="Identity and Democracy">Identity and Democracy</a> won in the 2019 election </li> <li id="cite_note-Renew_lead_candidate-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Renew_lead_candidate_7-0">^</a> Strack-Zimmermann is the candidate representing <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party">ALDE</a>. In addition, <a href="/wiki/Sandro_Gozi" title="Sandro Gozi">Sandro Gozi</a> is the candidate representing the <a href="/wiki/European_Democratic_Party" title="European Democratic Party">EDP</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9rie_Hayer" title="Valérie Hayer">Valérie Hayer</a> is the candidate representing <a href="/wiki/L%27Europe_Ensemble" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Europe Ensemble">L'Europe Ensemble</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> This is the legal threshold. The share of the vote needed to win a seat may be higher than this in some countries. </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> This is the maximum vote share necessary to mathematically guarantee winning a seat. It is here calculated as the <a href="/wiki/Droop_quota" title="Droop quota">Droop quota</a> for each country. Where the legal threshold exceeds this threshold, the legal threshold is shown instead. </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> Depends on the constituency: 50% in the <a href="/wiki/German-speaking_electoral_college" title="German-speaking electoral college">German-speaking electoral college</a>, ~11.1% in the <a href="/wiki/French-speaking_electoral_college" title="French-speaking electoral college">French-speaking electoral college</a>, and ~7.1% in the <a href="/wiki/Dutch-speaking_electoral_college" title="Dutch-speaking electoral college">Dutch-speaking electoral college</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Enforce-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Enforce_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Enforce_50-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Unenforced_law" title="Unenforced law">Not enforced</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-BG-51">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG_51-1">b</a> 100% divided by the number of seats. </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare_quota-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hare_quota_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hare_quota_53-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hare_quota_53-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hare_quota_53-3">d</a> <a href="/wiki/Largest_remainder_method#Hare_quota" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest remainder method">Hare quota with residual fit by largest remainders</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-DK_Alliances-60"><a href="#cite_ref-DK_Alliances_60-0">^</a> Denmark allows for electoral alliances between separate party lists. </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> Online voting in Estonia began on 3 June and ran until 8 June. </li> <li id="cite_note-DE-66"><a href="#cite_ref-DE_66-0">^</a> Seats are apportioned to parties nationally. A party can choose to only stand in some of the 16 <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">states</a> and have its national seat count be subapportioned to those states. Only the CDU and the CSU have done this in previous elections. </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> Depends on the constituency: 20% in <a href="/wiki/Dublin_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dublin (European Parliament constituency)">Dublin</a>, ~16.7% in <a href="/wiki/Midlands%E2%80%93North-West_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Midlands–North-West (European Parliament constituency)">Midlands–North-West</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="South (European Parliament constituency)">South</a>. As <a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">Single transferable vote</a> is a party-blind voting system, this threshold applies for an individual candidate, not for the party as a whole. </li> <li id="cite_note-IT_PL-72">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IT_PL_72-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IT_PL_72-1">b</a> Seats are apportioned to parties nationally, then subapportioned to the constituencies. </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> As <a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">Single transferable vote</a> is a party-blind voting system, this threshold applies for an individual candidate, not for the party as a whole. </li> <li id="cite_note-Droop_quota-87"><a href="#cite_ref-Droop_quota_87-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Largest_remainder_method#Droop_quota" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest remainder method">Droop quota with residual fit by largest remainders</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> Lead candidate for ALDE, representing in the debate the entire <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a> parliamentary group </li> <li id="cite_note-Gozi-175">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gozi_175-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gozi_175-1">b</a> Lead candidate for <a href="/wiki/European_Democratic_Party" title="European Democratic Party">EDP</a>, representing in the debate the entire <a href="/wiki/Renew_Europe" title="Renew Europe">Renew Europe</a> parliamentary group </li> <li id="cite_note-Foederalist_Dynamic-202">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Foederalist_Dynamic_202-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Foederalist_Dynamic_202-1">b</a> Groups all parties not represented in the European Parliament into a group or non-inscrits. </li> <li id="cite_note-EuropeElects_Dynamic-203"><a href="#cite_ref-EuropeElects_Dynamic_203-0">^</a> Follows Europe Elects's assignment of parties into groups. </li> <li id="cite_note-Foederalist_Baseline-205">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Foederalist_Baseline_205-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Foederalist_Baseline_205-1">b</a> Groups all parties not represented in the European Parliament into "others", unless it is a member of a <a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">political party at the European level</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-previous-seats-217">^ <a href="#cite_ref-previous-seats_217-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-previous-seats_217-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-previous-seats_217-2">c</a> with respect of 705 seats in 2019 </li> <li id="cite_note-EKRE_post-election-222"><a href="#cite_ref-EKRE_post-election_222-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Jaak_Madison" title="Jaak Madison">Jaak Madison</a>, who was elected on EKRE's list, left the party after the election. He subsequently joined the <a href="/wiki/ECR_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="ECR Group">ECR Group</a> as an independent.<a href="#cite_note-220">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[198]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reconquete_post-election-224">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reconquete_post-election_224-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reconquete_post-election_224-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Marion_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Marion Maréchal">Marion Maréchal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Peltier" title="Guillaume Peltier">Guillaume Peltier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Bay" title="Nicolas Bay">Nicolas Bay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Trochu" title="Laurence Trochu">Laurence Trochu</a> were elected on the list of <a href="/wiki/Reconqu%C3%AAte" title="Reconquête">Reconquête</a>, but left the party before the first plenary session of the European Parliament. They were subsequently admitted to the <a href="/wiki/ECR_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="ECR Group">ECR Group</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Knafo" title="Sarah Knafo">Sarah Knafo</a> remained a member of the party, and subsequently joined <a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">ESN</a>.<a href="#cite_note-223">[199]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-AfD_post-election-226">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AfD_post-election_226-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AfD_post-election_226-1">b</a> Following the election <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Krah" title="Maximilian Krah">Maximilian Krah</a>, who was elected for the AfD, was excluded from the party's delegation in the European Parliament. He subsequently did not join <a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">ESN</a> on 10 July and remained a non-inscrit.<a href="#cite_note-225">[200]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Republika_post-election-228">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Republika_post-election_228-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Republika_post-election_228-1">b</a> Following the election, <a href="/wiki/Milan_Uhr%C3%ADk" title="Milan Uhrík">Milan Uhrík</a> joined <a href="/wiki/Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_Group" title="Europe of Sovereign Nations Group">ESN</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Milan_Mazurek" title="Milan Mazurek">Milan Mazurek</a> became a non-inscrit.<a href="#cite_note-227">[201]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://election-results.eu/turnout/">"Turnout by year; 2024 European election results; European Parliament"</a>. election-results.eu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190723221925/https://election-results.eu/turnout/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 July 2019. 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Retrieved 22 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=French+Far+Right+Splits+With+Germany%27s+AfD+In+EU+Parliament&rft.date=2024-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barrons.com%2Fnews%2Ffrench-far-right-splits-with-germany-s-afd-in-eu-parliament-8d8d3703&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2024/05/22/news/afd_ss_salvini_le_pen_sovranisti-423061840/">""Mai più con Afd non condanna le SS". Salvini e le Pen spaccano i sovranisti"</a>. 21 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610054103/https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2024/05/22/news/afd_ss_salvini_le_pen_sovranisti-423061840/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Mai+pi%C3%B9+con+Afd+non+condanna+le+SS%22.+Salvini+e+le+Pen+spaccano+i+sovranisti&rft.date=2024-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.repubblica.it%2Fpolitica%2F2024%2F05%2F22%2Fnews%2Fafd_ss_salvini_le_pen_sovranisti-423061840%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/czech-far-right-splits-with-afd-follows-le-pen/">"Czech far-right splits with AfD, follows le Pen"</a>. 22 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610054602/https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/czech-far-right-splits-with-afd-follows-le-pen/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Czech+far-right+splits+with+AfD%2C+follows+le+Pen&rft.date=2024-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsection%2Fpolitics%2Fnews%2Fczech-far-right-splits-with-afd-follows-le-pen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://businessam.be/vlaams-belang-afd-wacht-af/">"Vlaams Belang wil AfD niet direct uit Europese fractie zetten na SS-uitspraken"</a>. 22 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240522140007/https://businessam.be/vlaams-belang-afd-wacht-af/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vlaams+Belang+wil+AfD+niet+direct+uit+Europese+fractie+zetten+na+SS-uitspraken&rft.date=2024-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusinessam.be%2Fvlaams-belang-afd-wacht-af%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kristeligt-dagblad.dk/danmark/vistisen-stiller-ultimatum-til-afd-og-vil-have-medlem-smidt-ud">"Vistisen med ultimatum til AfD: Smid spidskandidat ud eller forlad gruppen"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240522134308/https://www.kristeligt-dagblad.dk/danmark/vistisen-stiller-ultimatum-til-afd-og-vil-have-medlem-smidt-ud">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vistisen+med+ultimatum+til+AfD%3A+Smid+spidskandidat+ud+eller+forlad+gruppen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kristeligt-dagblad.dk%2Fdanmark%2Fvistisen-stiller-ultimatum-til-afd-og-vil-have-medlem-smidt-ud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/far-right-identity-and-democracy-group-expels-alternative-for-germany/">"Far-right ID group expels Alternative for Germany"</a>. 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Retrieved 24 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Far-right+ID+group+expels+Alternative+for+Germany&rft.date=2024-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Ffar-right-identity-and-democracy-group-expels-alternative-for-germany%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Groups-163">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_Groups_163-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Groups_163-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Groups_163-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Groups_163-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foederalist.eu/2024/05/european-election-new-groups.html">"At the bazaar of the political groups: Which parties could look for new partners in the European Parliament after the EU election?"</a>. 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Retrieved 2 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Der+%28europ%C3%A4ische%29+F%C3%B6deralist&rft.atitle=At+the+bazaar+of+the+political+groups%3A+Which+parties+could+look+for+new+partners+in+the+European+Parliament+after+the+EU+election%3F&rft.date=2024-05-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foederalist.eu%2F2024%2F05%2Feuropean-election-new-groups.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/RULES-9-2021-01-18-RULE-033_EN.html">"Rules of Procedure of the European Parliament"</a>. European Parliament. 15 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240213222929/https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/RULES-9-2021-01-18-RULE-033_EN.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Parliament&rft.atitle=Rules+of+Procedure+of+the+European+Parliament&rft.date=2021-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europarl.europa.eu%2Fdoceo%2Fdocument%2FRULES-9-2021-01-18-RULE-033_EN.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/elections/news/germanys-rebel-wagenknecht-plots-new-left-wing-group-in-eu-parliament/">"Germany's rebel Wagenknecht plots new left-wing group in EU Parliament"</a>. 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Europe Elects. 23 April 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240606065341/https://europeelects.eu/2024/04/23/a-european-wagenknecht-group/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 June 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Europe+Elects&rft.atitle=A+European+Wagenknecht+Group%3F&rft.date=2024-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropeelects.eu%2F2024%2F04%2F23%2Fa-european-wagenknecht-group%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://table.media/en/europe/news/bsw-seeks-its-own-group-in-the-eu-parliament/">"BSW seeks its own group in the EU Parliament"</a>. Table Europe. 24 April 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240427121959/https://table.media/en/europe/news/bsw-seeks-its-own-group-in-the-eu-parliament/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Table+Europe&rft.atitle=BSW+seeks+its+own+group+in+the+EU+Parliament&rft.date=2024-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftable.media%2Fen%2Feurope%2Fnews%2Fbsw-seeks-its-own-group-in-the-eu-parliament%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/elections/news/rogue-german-left-party-says-support-for-new-eu-parliament-group-sealed/">"Rogue German left party says support for new EU Parliament group sealed"</a>. 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Retrieved 2 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RTL+Hungary&rft.atitle=A+Mi+Haz%C3%A1nk+a+n%C3%A9met+sz%C3%A9ls%C5%91jobboldali+Afd-vel+alap%C3%ADtana+%C3%BAj+EP-frakci%C3%B3t&rft.date=2024-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frtl.hu%2Feuropa%2F2024%2F05%2F30%2Fmi-hazank-afd-maximilian-krah-frakcio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bta.bg/en/news/bulgaria/652506-parties-from-nine-countries-sign-joint-declaration-at-vazrazhdane-organized-conf">"Parties from Nine Countries Sign Joint Declaration at Vazrazhdane-Organized Conference"</a>. 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Retrieved 2 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BTA&rft.atitle=Parties+from+Nine+Countries+Sign+Joint+Declaration+at+Vazrazhdane-Organized+Conference&rft.date=2024-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bta.bg%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fbulgaria%2F652506-parties-from-nine-countries-sign-joint-declaration-at-vazrazhdane-organized-conf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lXgbp48gHI">"Maastricht Debate 2024 | POLITICO & Studio Europa Maastricht"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. 29 April 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240430063014/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lXgbp48gHI">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 30 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Maastricht+Debate+2024+%7C+POLITICO+%26+Studio+Europa+Maastricht&rft.date=2024-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D9lXgbp48gHI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maastricht-172">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maastricht_172-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maastricht_172-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maastricht_172-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maastricht_172-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maastricht_172-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maastricht_172-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maastrichtdebate.eu/about">"The Maastricht Debate 2024"</a>. Maastricht Debate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240330220552/https://maastrichtdebate.eu/about">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2024. Retrieved 30 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maastricht+Debate&rft.atitle=The+Maastricht+Debate+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmaastrichtdebate.eu%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruegel-174">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruegel_174-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruegel_174-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bruegel.org/event/economic-choices-europe-eu-leadership-debate-2024">"Economic choices for Europe: EU leadership debate 2024"</a>. 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Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Il+Post&rft.atitle=Il+nuovo+gruppo+europeo+di+estrema+destra+sta+prendendo+forma&rft.date=2024-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilpost.it%2F2024%2F07%2F06%2Fnuovo-gruppo-estrema-destra-orban%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:13-255">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:13_255-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:13_255-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHernández-Morales2024" class="citation web cs1">Hernández-Morales, Aitor (1 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/portugal-chega-party-andre-ventura-join-viktor-orban-new-far-right-alliance/">"Portugal's Chega party to join Orbán's new far-right alliance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/POLITICO" class="mw-redirect" title="POLITICO">POLITICO</a>. Retrieved 1 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Portugal%27s+Chega+party+to+join+Orb%C3%A1n%27s+new+far-right+alliance&rft.date=2024-07-01&rft.aulast=Hern%C3%A1ndez-Morales&rft.aufirst=Aitor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fportugal-chega-party-andre-ventura-join-viktor-orban-new-far-right-alliance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-256">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_256-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_256-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_256-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ilpost.it/2024/07/01/viktor-orban-nuovo-gruppo-europeo-destra-salvini/">"Il nuovo gruppo europeo di destra sovranista, che piace anche a Matteo Salvini"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Il_Post" title="Il Post">Il Post</a> (in Italian). 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Il+Post&rft.atitle=Il+nuovo+gruppo+europeo+di+destra+sovranista%2C+che+piace+anche+a+Matteo+Salvini&rft.date=2024-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilpost.it%2F2024%2F07%2F01%2Fviktor-orban-nuovo-gruppo-europeo-destra-salvini%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Benedetti2024" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">De Benedetti, Francesca (30 June 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.editorialedomani.it/politica/europa/patrioti-per-leuropa-dietro-la-mossa-di-orban-kickl-e-babis-ce-un-patto-con-le-pen-e-salvini-bzgzn2kj">"'Patrioti per l'Europa': dietro la mossa di Orbán, Kickl e Babiš c'è un patto con Le Pen e Salvini"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Domani_(newspaper)" title="Domani (newspaper)">Domani</a> (in Italian). Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Domani&rft.atitle=%27Patrioti+per+l%27Europa%27%3A+dietro+la+mossa+di+Orb%C3%A1n%2C+Kickl+e+Babi%C5%A1+c%27%C3%A8+un+patto+con+Le+Pen+e+Salvini&rft.date=2024-06-30&rft.aulast=De+Benedetti&rft.aufirst=Francesca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.editorialedomani.it%2Fpolitica%2Feuropa%2Fpatrioti-per-leuropa-dietro-la-mossa-di-orban-kickl-e-babis-ce-un-patto-con-le-pen-e-salvini-bzgzn2kj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:17-258">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:17_258-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:17_258-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:17_258-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWax2024" class="citation web cs1">Wax, Eddy (8 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/marine-le-pen-national-rally-eu-parliament-far-right-patriots-for-europe/">"Le Pen's National Rally to take control of far-right Patriots in EU Parliament"</a>. <a href="/wiki/POLITICO" class="mw-redirect" title="POLITICO">POLITICO</a>. Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Le+Pen%27s+National+Rally+to+take+control+of+far-right+Patriots+in+EU+Parliament&rft.date=2024-07-08&rft.aulast=Wax&rft.aufirst=Eddy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fmarine-le-pen-national-rally-eu-parliament-far-right-patriots-for-europe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:18-259">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:18_259-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:18_259-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFortuna2024" class="citation news cs1">Fortuna, Gerardo (8 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/07/08/far-right-patriots-group-springs-to-third-force-in-european-parliament">"Far-right Patriots group springs to third force in European Parliament"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Euronews" title="Euronews">Euronews</a>. Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euronews&rft.atitle=Far-right+Patriots+group+springs+to+third+force+in+European+Parliament&rft.date=2024-07-08&rft.aulast=Fortuna&rft.aufirst=Gerardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronews.com%2Fmy-europe%2F2024%2F07%2F08%2Ffar-right-patriots-group-springs-to-third-force-in-european-parliament&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-260">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_260-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_260-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_260-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_260-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barrons.com/news/hungary-s-orban-moves-to-form-new-eu-parliament-group-ef12908f">"Hungary's Orban Moves To Form New EU Parliament Group"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Barron%27s" title="Barron's">Barron's</a>. 30 June 2024. 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Retrieved 30 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Il+Post&rft.atitle=Il+partito+del+primo+ministro+ungherese+Viktor+Orb%C3%A1n+creer%C3%A0+un+nuovo+gruppo+europeo+con+i+partiti+di+estrema+destra+di+Austria+e+Repubblica+Ceca%3A+si+chiamer%C3%A0+Patrioti+per+l%27Europa&rft.date=2024-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilpost.it%2F2024%2F06%2F30%2Forban-babis-fpo-nuovo-gruppo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiboreiro2024" class="citation web cs1">Liboreiro, Jorge (2 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/07/01/portugals-far-right-joins-viktor-orbans-patriots-for-europe-alliance">"Portugal's far right joins Orbán's 'Patriots for Europe' alliance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Euronews" title="Euronews">euronews</a>. Retrieved 2 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=euronews&rft.atitle=Portugal%27s+far+right+joins+Orb%C3%A1n%27s+%27Patriots+for+Europe%27+alliance&rft.date=2024-07-02&rft.aulast=Liboreiro&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronews.com%2Fmy-europe%2F2024%2F07%2F01%2Fportugals-far-right-joins-viktor-orbans-patriots-for-europe-alliance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:15-263">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:15_263-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:15_263-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:15_263-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jul/07/viktor-orbans-rightwing-group-hits-quota-for-recognition-by-eu-parliament">"Viktor Orbán's rightwing group hits quota for recognition by EU parliament"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. 7 July 2024. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Viktor+Orb%C3%A1n%27s+rightwing+group+hits+quota+for+recognition+by+EU+parliament&rft.date=2024-07-07&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Farticle%2F2024%2Fjul%2F07%2Fviktor-orbans-rightwing-group-hits-quota-for-recognition-by-eu-parliament&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:112-264"><a href="#cite_ref-:112_264-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakker2024" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bakker, Alexander (5 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraaf.nl/nieuws/159764990/pvv-sluit-zich-aan-bij-patriots-for-europe-van-orban">"PVV sluit zich aan bij Patriots for Europe van Orbán"</a>. <a href="/wiki/De_Telegraaf" title="De Telegraaf">De Telegraaf</a> (in Dutch). Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=De+Telegraaf&rft.atitle=PVV+sluit+zich+aan+bij+Patriots+for+Europe+van+Orb%C3%A1n&rft.date=2024-07-05&rft.aulast=Bakker&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraaf.nl%2Fnieuws%2F159764990%2Fpvv-sluit-zich-aan-bij-patriots-for-europe-van-orban&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:16-265">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:16_265-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:16_265-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomsen2024" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Thomsen, Per Bang (6 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/udland/eu/dansk-folkeparti-slutter-sig-til-orban-og-hans-nye-allierede-i-europa-parlamentet">"Dansk Folkeparti slutter sig til Orbán og hans nye allierede i Europa-Parlamentet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/DR_(broadcaster)" title="DR (broadcaster)">DR</a> (in Danish). Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DR&rft.atitle=Dansk+Folkeparti+slutter+sig+til+Orb%C3%A1n+og+hans+nye+allierede+i+Europa-Parlamentet&rft.date=2024-07-06&rft.aulast=Thomsen&rft.aufirst=Per+Bang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dr.dk%2Fnyheder%2Fudland%2Feu%2Fdansk-folkeparti-slutter-sig-til-orban-og-hans-nye-allierede-i-europa-parlamentet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brusselstimes.com/belgium/1129966/vlaams-belang-to-join-new-far-right-patriots-for-europe-eu-parliamentary-group">"Vlaams Belang to join new far-right 'Patriots for Europe' group"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Brussels_Times" title="The Brussels Times">The Brussels Times</a>. 8 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Brussels+Times&rft.atitle=Vlaams+Belang+to+join+new+far-right+%27Patriots+for+Europe%27+group&rft.date=2024-07-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brusselstimes.com%2Fbelgium%2F1129966%2Fvlaams-belang-to-join-new-far-right-patriots-for-europe-eu-parliamentary-group&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/live/2024/07/08/en-direct-legislatives-2024-emmanuel-macron-demande-a-gabriel-attal-de-rester-premier-ministre-pour-le-moment_6247441_823448.html?#id-1672292">"Le RN va rejoindre une nouvelle alliance au Parlement européen dirigée par le premier ministre hongrois, Viktor Orban"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a> (in French). 8 July 2024. 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Retrieved 11 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hamburg.de&rft.atitle=Landeswahlamt%2C+Wahlen%2C+Bezirksversammlungswahlen+2024%2C+Kandidaturen%2C+Formulare%2C+Vordrucke%2C+Wahlvorschl%C3%A4ge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hamburg.de%2Feu-bv-kandidaturen%2F11189270%2Fkandidierendenaufstellung-bv-wahl-2024%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInotai2024" class="citation web cs1">Inotai, Edit (12 January 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://balkaninsight.com/2024/01/12/hungary-in-2024-two-elections-and-an-eu-presidency/">"HUNGARY IN 2024: TWO ELECTIONS AND AN EU PRESIDENCY"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Insight" title="Balkan Insight">Balkan Insight</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240510235944/https://balkaninsight.com/2024/01/12/hungary-in-2024-two-elections-and-an-eu-presidency/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 May 2024. 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Retrieved 11 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CursDeGuvernare.ro&rft.atitle=Alegeri+europarlamentare+%C3%AEn+Rom%C3%A2nia+pe+9+iunie+2024&rft.date=2023-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcursdeguvernare.ro%2Falegeri-europarlamentare-in-romania-pe-9-iunie-2024.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-290"><a href="#cite_ref-290">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rtvslo.si/radio-si/news/slovenia-votes-in-eu-elections-and-three-referendums/711156">"Slovenia votes in EU elections and three referendums"</a>. rtvslo.si. 9 June 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240612101102/https://www.rtvslo.si/radio-si/news/slovenia-votes-in-eu-elections-and-three-referendums/711156">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2024. 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Retrieved 13 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mora+Municipality&rft.atitle=Slutligt+resultat+i+den+lokala+folkomr%C3%B6stningen&rft.date=2024-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmorakommun.se%2Farkiv%2Fnyhetsarkiv%2Fnyheter%2F2024-06-12-slutligt-resultat-i-den-lokala-folkomrostningen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2024+European+Parliament+election" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Manuel Müller, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.delorscentre.eu/en/publications/2024-european-elections">Two years to go: What to expect from the 2024 European Parliament elections</a>, Jacques Delors Centre, 30 May 2022.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024_European_Parliament_election&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> 2024 European Parliament election at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:European_Parliament_election,_2024" class="extiw" title="c:Category:European Parliament election, 2024">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/2024_European_Parliament_election" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/2024 European Parliament election">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70253009" class="extiw" title="d:Q70253009">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.europa.eu/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70253009#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Official campaign programs by European political parties</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.nationbuilder.com/aldeparty/pages/6401/attachments/original/1712824919/ALDE_Party_2024_Manifesto.pdf?1712824919">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party: “Your Europe, Your Freedom"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecpm.info/2024-2029%20ECPM%20political%20program.pdf">European Christian Political Movement: "elevate. empower. engage."</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GWy-8garJEV8pSRpSZBOlOo3wxBPp06p/view">European Conservatives and Reformists Party: "Party Manifesto"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2024.democrats.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/MANIFESTO-EN_WEB.pdf">European Democratic Party: "Reinventing Europe"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/08/EFA-Election-Manifesto-2024_EN-2.pdf">European Free Alliance: "A Europe for All"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.datocms-assets.com/87481/1708092100-priorities-2024-as-adopted-lyon-4-february-2024.pdf">European Green Party: "Courage to Change"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epp2024.eu/_files/ugd/8e086a_1f2f80e365d34cd386bd2343fa427c99.pdf">European People's Party: "Our Europe"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.piratenpartei.de/wiki/images/4/4f/CEEP_Englisch.pdf">European Pirate Party: "Common European Election Program"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pes.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/2024_PES_Manifesto_EN.pdf">Party of European Socialists: "The Europe We Want"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.european-left.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/2024-Manifesto-English-European-Left.pdf">Party of the European Left: "Our Moment"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volteuropa.org/storage/pdf/eu-elections-2024/volt-eur-electoral-moonshot-program_v5-final-(1).pdf">Volt Europa: "Electoral Moonshot Programme"</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">Elections to the European Parliament</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election" title="1979 European Parliament election">1979</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1979 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1979 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a> (including <a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Greenland" title="1979 European Parliament election in Greenland">Greenland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1979 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1979 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1979 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1979 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1979 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1979 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1979 European Parliament election in West Germany">West Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election" title="1984 European Parliament election">1984</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1984 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1984 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a> (including <a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Greenland" title="1984 European Parliament election in Greenland">Greenland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1984 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1984 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1984 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1984 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1984 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1984 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1984 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1984 European Parliament election in West Germany">West Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election" title="1989 European Parliament election">1989</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1989 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1989 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1989 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1989 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1989 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1989 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1989 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1989 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="1989 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="1989 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1989 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1989 European Parliament election in West Germany">West Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election" title="1994 European Parliament election">1994</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1994 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1994 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1994 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="1994 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1994 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1994 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1994 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1994 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1994 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="1994 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="1994 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1994 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election" title="1999 European Parliament election">1999</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="1999 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1999 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1999 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="1999 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1999 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="1999 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1999 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1999 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1999 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1999 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1999 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="1999 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="1999 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="1999 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1999 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election" title="2004 European Parliament election">2004</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2004 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2004 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2004 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2004 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2004 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2004 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2004 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2004 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2004 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2004 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2004 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2004 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2004 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2004 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2004 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2004 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2004 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2004 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2004 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2004 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2004 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (including <a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Gibraltar" title="2004 European Parliament election in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election" title="2009 European Parliament election">2009</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2009 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2009 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2009 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2009 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2009 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2009 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2009 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2009 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2009 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2009 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2009 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2009 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2009 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2009 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2009 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2009 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2009 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2009 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2009 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2009 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2009 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2009 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (including <a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Gibraltar" title="2009 European Parliament election in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election" title="2014 European Parliament election">2014</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2014 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2014 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2014 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2014 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2014 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2014 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2014 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2014 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2014 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2014 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2014 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2014 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2014 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2014 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2014 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2014 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2014 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2014 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2014 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2014 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2014 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2014 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2014 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (including <a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Gibraltar" title="2014 European Parliament election in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">2019</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2019 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2019 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2019 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2019 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2019 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2019 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2019 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2019 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2019 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2019 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2019 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2019 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2019 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2019 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2019 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2019 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2019 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2019 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2019 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2019 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2019 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2019 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (including <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Gibraltar" title="2019 European Parliament election in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2024</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2024 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2024 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2024 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2024 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2024 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2024 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2024 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2024 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2024 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2024 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2024 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2024 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2024 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2024 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2024 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_and_seat_projections_for_the_2029_European_Parliament_election" title="Opinion polling and seat projections for the 2029 European Parliament election">2029</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Austria</li> <li>Belgium</li> <li>Bulgaria</li> <li>Croatia</li> <li>Cyprus</li> <li>Czech Republic</li> <li>Denmark</li> <li>Estonia</li> <li>Finland</li> <li>France</li> <li>Germany</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Hungary</li> <li>Ireland</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Latvia</li> <li>Lithuania</li> <li>Luxembourg</li> <li>Malta</li> <li>Netherlands</li> <li>Poland</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Romania</li> <li>Slovakia</li> <li>Slovenia</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>Sweden</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Off-year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1981_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1981 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="1987 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="1987 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="1995 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden (1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="1996 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="1996 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2007 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2007 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2013 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Parliament_by-elections_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of European Parliament by-elections in the United Kingdom">UK by-elections (1979–1998)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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