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<ul id="toc-Operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accidents_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Accidents and incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surviving_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surviving_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Surviving aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surviving_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications_(C-4)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications_(C-4)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 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engines, 1946</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248642317">.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-above{line-height:1.6em;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">North Star</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BOAC_C-4_Argonaut_Heathrow_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/BOAC_C-4_Argonaut_Heathrow_1954.jpg/300px-BOAC_C-4_Argonaut_Heathrow_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/BOAC_C-4_Argonaut_Heathrow_1954.jpg/450px-BOAC_C-4_Argonaut_Heathrow_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/BOAC_C-4_Argonaut_Heathrow_1954.jpg/600px-BOAC_C-4_Argonaut_Heathrow_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">BOAC DC-4M-4 Argonaut G-ALHS "Astra" at London Airport (Heathrow) in September 1954</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Passenger and cargo transport</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary users</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a><div> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Canadian Pacific Air Lines</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Airways_Corporation" title="British Overseas Airways Corporation">BOAC</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">71</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufactured</th><td class="infobox-data">1946 - 1950</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">1946</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">15 July 1946</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired</th><td class="infobox-data">1960s (RCAF), 1975 (last civil operator)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed from</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Canadair North Star</b> is a 1940s Canadian development, for <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a> (TCA), of the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Flight200744p60_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flight200744p60-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead of <a href="/wiki/Radial_engine" title="Radial engine">radial</a> piston engines used by the Douglas design, Canadair used <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Merlin" title="Rolls-Royce Merlin">Rolls-Royce Merlin</a> <a href="/wiki/Inline_engine_(aviation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inline engine (aviation)">V12 engines</a> to achieve a higher cruising speed of 325 mph (523 km/h)<sup id="cite_ref-Flight_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flight-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> compared with the 246 mph (396 km/h) of the standard DC-4. Requested by TCA in 1944, the prototype flew on 15 July 1946. The type was used by various airlines and by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a> (RCAF). It proved to be reliable but noisy when in service through the 1950s and into the 1960s. Some examples continued to fly into the 1970s, converted to cargo aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-Milberry_pp._213–214_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milberry_pp._213–214-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_and_development">Design and development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design and development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair Aircraft Ltd.</a> took over the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Vickers Limited">Canadian Vickers Ltd.</a> operations on 11 November 1944. Besides the existing <a href="/wiki/PBY_Catalina" class="mw-redirect" title="PBY Catalina">Consolidated PBY</a> Canso flying patrol boats in production, a development contract to produce a new variant of the Douglas DC-4 transport was still in effect. The new Canadair DC-4M powered by Rolls-Royce Merlin engines mounted in <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Limited" title="Rolls-Royce Limited">Rolls-Royce</a> <a href="/wiki/Power-egg" title="Power-egg">Universal Power Plant (UPP) installations</a><sup id="cite_ref-Flight130247p157_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flight130247p157-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> emerged in 1946 as the "North Star." More than just an engine swap, the North Star had the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">Douglas DC-6</a> nose and landing gear and fuselage (shortened by 80 inches (6.7 ft; 2.0 m)); a DC-4 <a href="/wiki/Empennage" title="Empennage">empennage</a>, rear fuselage, flaps and wing tips; C-54 middle fuselage sections, wing centre- and outer-wing panels, <a href="/wiki/Cabin_pressurisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabin pressurisation">cabin pressurisation</a>, and a standardised cockpit layout with a different electrical system. </p><p>Canadair built 71 examples of what was officially called the <b>Canadair Four</b> under the designations: North Star, DC-4M, C-4 and C-5. With the exception of the single C-5 (which had <a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_R-2800" class="mw-redirect" title="Pratt & Whitney R-2800">Pratt & Whitney R-2800</a> engines, as fitted to the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">Douglas DC-6</a>), these variants were all powered by Rolls-Royce Merlin engines and 51 of the production examples were pressurised. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a> (TCA), the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a> (RCAF), <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Pacific Airlines">Canadian Pacific Airlines</a> (CPA) and <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Airways_Corporation" title="British Overseas Airways Corporation">British Overseas Airways Corporation</a> (BOAC) were the principal operators of the "<b>North Star</b>", with the CPA examples known as the "<b>Canadair Four</b>" and <a href="/wiki/BOAC" class="mw-redirect" title="BOAC">BOAC</a> examples known as the "<b>Argonaut</b>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="RCAF_service">RCAF service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: RCAF service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The RCAF North Stars were unpressurized and were used on a variety of transport duties. Like other North Stars, they were notorious for the high level of cabin noise caused by the Merlin engines, as unlike the radials of the DC-4, the exhaust from the individual cylinders is not collected and exhausted via a single outlet, but instead exits the separate individual ejector-exhaust stubs in high-pressure bursts. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:North_Star_C-5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/North_Star_C-5.jpg/220px-North_Star_C-5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/North_Star_C-5.jpg/330px-North_Star_C-5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/North_Star_C-5.jpg/440px-North_Star_C-5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="746" /></a><figcaption>The single RCAF C-5 North Star with Double Wasp radial engines.</figcaption></figure> <p>In an effort to reduce cabin noise, the sole C-5 variant was powered by <a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_R-2800_Double_Wasp" title="Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp">Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp</a> engines that were considerably quieter.<sup id="cite_ref-North_Star_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-North_Star-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only C-5 was delivered to the RCAF in 1950, entering service with <a href="/wiki/No._412_Transport_Squadron_RCAF" class="mw-redirect" title="No. 412 Transport Squadron RCAF">No. 412 Transport Squadron RCAF</a> in Uplands, Ottawa, specially outfitted for the transportation of VIP passengers. It was used to transport the Canadian Prime Minister, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom">the Queen</a>, and numerous other dignitaries on various high-profile missions, serving faithfully for 17 years, later becoming a crew trainer before being retired and sold in the United States. </p><p>North Stars were also employed by 412 Squadron RCAF on various VIP transport duties and, overall, the aircraft provided valuable and reliable long range transport services for the RCAF. From 1950 to 1952, during the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>, RCAF North Star aircraft were employed ferrying supplies to Korea across the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>. They flew 599 round trips over the Pacific and delivered seven million pounds of cargo and 13,000 personnel on return trips. They flew 1.9 million miles without a fatal crash. After 1967, the remaining North Stars were assigned to <a href="/wiki/426_Transport_Training_Squadron" title="426 Transport Training Squadron">No. 426 Transport Squadron RCAF</a> initially deployed to <a href="/wiki/Dorval,_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorval, Quebec">Dorval, Quebec</a> and then to <a href="/wiki/Trenton,_Ontario" title="Trenton, Ontario">Trenton, Ontario</a>. Gradually, their service life diminished in the 1970s and most were declared surplus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TCA_and_BOAC_operations">TCA and BOAC operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: TCA and BOAC operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg/220px-Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg/330px-Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg/440px-Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="352" /></a><figcaption>TCA North Star at London Airport (Heathrow) in 1951</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:North_Star,_Prestwick,_1960_(296187674).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/North_Star%2C_Prestwick%2C_1960_%28296187674%29.jpg/220px-North_Star%2C_Prestwick%2C_1960_%28296187674%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/North_Star%2C_Prestwick%2C_1960_%28296187674%29.jpg/330px-North_Star%2C_Prestwick%2C_1960_%28296187674%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/North_Star%2C_Prestwick%2C_1960_%28296187674%29.jpg/440px-North_Star%2C_Prestwick%2C_1960_%28296187674%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1461" data-file-height="710" /></a><figcaption>An ex TCA DC-4M-2 North Star of Overseas Aviation at Prestwick in 1960</figcaption></figure> <p>TCA received its fleet of twenty DC-4M-2 North Stars during 1947 and 1948 and operated them on routes within Canada and to the USA until 1961. Starting in 1954 the North Stars were replaced on TCA's routes to Europe by <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Super_Constellation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed Super Constellation">Lockheed Super Constellations</a>. To deal with passenger complaints about noise, TCA engineers developed a cross-over for the fuselage-side exhausts that reduced cabin noise by 6-8 decibels.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "In the cabin, noise is reduced to 102 decibels near the windows and 93 at the aisle."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>BOAC ordered 22 DC-4M-4s and named them the "<i>Argonaut</i> class", each aircraft having a classical name beginning with "A". The Argonauts were delivered between March and November 1949; they flew to South America, Africa, the Middle East and the Far East from <a href="/wiki/London_Heathrow_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Heathrow Airport">London Heathrow Airport</a> until 1960. </p><p>On 1 February 1952 the BOAC Argonaut <i>Atalanta</i> G-ALHK transported Princess Elizabeth and the Duke of Edinburgh to Kenya to begin a Commonwealth tour.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some days later, 6 February, it was again <i>Atalanta</i> G-ALHK which returned the newly acceded Queen Elizabeth II to England upon the death of her father, King George VI.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Limited" title="Rolls-Royce Limited">Rolls-Royce</a> also developed a quieter 'cross-over' exhaust system for the DC-4M, the modifications being supplied in a kit allowing installation on the aircraft by the operator. The engine thus modified became the 'Merlin TMO' in contrast to the unmodified engine, the Merlin TML - Transport Merlin L. The modified exhaust conferred an increase in horsepower over the unmodified system of 38 hp, resulting in a 5 knot improvement in true air speed. Sound levels were reduced by between 5 and 8 decibels. Still air range of the aircraft was also improved by around 4 per cent. BOAC <i>Argonauts</i> initially, due to schedules being unable to be changed, had only the inner engines so-modified, the remaining outer engines being changed to the new exhaust system when time was available.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_service">Later service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After service with TCA and BOAC, the surplused North Stars and Argonauts had long careers with secondary operators such as <a href="/wiki/British_Midland_International" title="British Midland International">British Midland Airways</a>, Overseas Aviation and other charter companies. Cargo conversions of available airframes also lengthened the service life of Argonauts and North Stars.<i>CF-UXA,</i> ex-RCAF <i>17510</i> was the last DC-4M in airline service, completing its final flight on 19 June 1975 at <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. Despite the onset of <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet airliners</a> in the 1950s, the rugged Canadair North Star found a niche in both military and civil use.<sup id="cite_ref-Milberry_pp._213–214_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milberry_pp._213–214-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Douglas_DC-4_variants" title="List of Douglas DC-4 variants">List of Douglas DC-4 variants</a></div> <p>Canadair built 71 examples under the designations: North Star, DC-4M, C-4 and C-5. With the exception of the single C-5 (which had <a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_R-2800" class="mw-redirect" title="Pratt & Whitney R-2800">Pratt & Whitney R-2800</a> engines, as fitted to the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">Douglas DC-6</a>), these variants were all powered by Rolls-Royce Merlin engines and 51 of the production examples were pressurised. </p> <dl><dt>DC-4M.1</dt> <dd>Initial variant as designed for <a href="/wiki/Trans_Canada_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans Canada Airlines">Trans Canada Airlines</a> (TCA); at least 5 built for TCA.</dd> <dt>DC-4M.2</dt> <dd>Pressurised higher take-off weight version.</dd> <dt>North Star</dt> <dd>Name for series.</dd> <dt>Argonaut</dt> <dd>BOAC name for North Star</dd> <dt>C-4</dt> <dd></dd> <dt>C-5</dt> <dd>Powered by 4 <a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_R-2800" class="mw-redirect" title="Pratt & Whitney R-2800">Pratt & Whitney R-2800</a> radial engines</dd> <dt>CL-29</dt> <dd>1949 maritime patrol aircraft proposal made in anticipation of RCAF requirements, with a stretched fuselage and re-engined with three engine options. Eventual 1952 RCAF specifications were for a much more capable aircraft though and the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Britannia" title="Bristol Britannia">Bristol Britannia</a> would be used as the basis instead.<sup id="cite_ref-Pickler120_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pickler120-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Douglas_DC-4_operators" title="List of Douglas DC-4 operators">List of Douglas DC-4 operators</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents_and_incidents">Accidents and incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Midland_Canadair_C4_G-ALHG.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/British_Midland_Canadair_C4_G-ALHG.jpg/220px-British_Midland_Canadair_C4_G-ALHG.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/British_Midland_Canadair_C4_G-ALHG.jpg/330px-British_Midland_Canadair_C4_G-ALHG.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/British_Midland_Canadair_C4_G-ALHG.jpg/440px-British_Midland_Canadair_C4_G-ALHG.jpg 2x" data-file-width="784" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption>Canadair C-4 Argonaut G-ALHG at Manchester Airport on 29 August 1965</figcaption></figure> <p>On 8 April 1954, a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">Canadian Car and Foundry Harvard Mk.II</a> <i>3309</i> <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines_Flight_9" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 9">collided</a> with Trans-Canada Airlines North Star <i>CF-TFW</i> over <a href="/wiki/Moose_Jaw,_Saskatchewan" class="mw-redirect" title="Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan">Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan</a>, killing 36 people aboard the aircraft and one person on the ground.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of this crash, training flights are restricted south of the Trans Canada Highway and civil aviation transit north of the highway. </p><p>On 21 September 1955: BOAC Argonaut <i>G-ALHL</i> which was traveling from Rome to Tripoli crashed on its fourth landing attempt in poor visibility and strong winds. Fifteen of the 40 occupants died when the aircraft descended too low, struck trees approximately 1,200 ft short of runway 11 and subsequently impacted terrain.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 June 1956: BOAC Argonaut <i>G-ALHE</i> <a href="/wiki/1956_Kano_Airport_BOAC_Argonaut_crash" title="1956 Kano Airport BOAC Argonaut crash">crashed shortly after taking off</a> from Kano Airport, Nigeria into a thunderstorm, killing 29 of the 38 passengers and three of the seven crew members. </p><p>On 9 December 1956: <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines_Flight_810" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810">Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810</a> crashed into <a href="/wiki/Mount_Slesse" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Slesse">Mount Slesse</a> on a flight from <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> to <a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a>, killing all 62 people on board the aircraft. Among the dead were five <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Football_League" title="Canadian Football League">Canadian Football League</a> players, including four members of the <a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan_Roughriders" title="Saskatchewan Roughriders">Saskatchewan Roughriders</a> and one member of the <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_Blue_Bombers" title="Winnipeg Blue Bombers">Winnipeg Blue Bombers</a>, as well as a CFL official returning home from the previous day's annual All-Star game at <a href="/wiki/Empire_Stadium_(Vancouver)" title="Empire Stadium (Vancouver)">Empire Stadium</a> in Vancouver. </p><p>On 11 October 1966, CF-TFM/HP925 crashed near Garoua, Cameroons, carrying spurious registration I-ACOA, believed to be carrying a cargo of machine guns bound for Burundi. Ex- Overseas Aviation, bought at Gatwick by Mike Keegan, it had been ferried to Coventry for onward sale; under new ownership, flown to Newcastle (UK), with a subsequent long-term stay parked adjacent to the wooden control tower and subject to a restraining Court Order. Eventually re-registered in Panamanian markings, it was flown to Limburg, Netherlands, but ended up being involved in various arms shipment flights to West Africa. After the accident, the movements of this aircraft were investigated and extensively reported by, it is thought, the <i>Sunday Times</i> newspaper. Re-registration history and movements after leaving NCL courtesy of <i>Propliner</i> magazine's website.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (December 2016)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 4 June 1967, <a href="/wiki/Stockport_Air_Disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockport Air Disaster">Argonaut <i>G-ALHG</i></a>, owned by <a href="/wiki/British_Midland_Airways" class="mw-redirect" title="British Midland Airways">British Midland Airways</a>, crashed near the centre of <a href="/wiki/Stockport" title="Stockport">Stockport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. Fatalities included 72 of the 84 on board; 12 others were seriously injured. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surviving_aircraft">Surviving aircraft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Surviving aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canadair_North_Star_CASM_2012_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Canadair_North_Star_CASM_2012_1.jpg/220px-Canadair_North_Star_CASM_2012_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Canadair_North_Star_CASM_2012_1.jpg/330px-Canadair_North_Star_CASM_2012_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Canadair_North_Star_CASM_2012_1.jpg/440px-Canadair_North_Star_CASM_2012_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>RCAF C-54GM example (<i>17515 </i>) at the Canada Aviation and Space Museum</figcaption></figure> <p>The sole surviving airframe is an RCAF C-54GM example (<i>17515 </i>), which is currently undergoing restoration at the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Aviation_and_Space_Museum" title="Canada Aviation and Space Museum">Canada Aviation and Space Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (September 2020)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(C-4)"><span id="Specifications_.28C-4.29"></span>Specifications (C-4)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Specifications (C-4)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1951–52<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> 7</li> <li><b>Capacity:</b> 55 passengers</li> <li><b>Length:</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>93 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in (28.54 m)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> 117 ft 6 in (35.81 m)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">27 ft <span class="frac">6<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in (8.39 m)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 1,457 sq ft (135.4 m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(aeronautics)" title="Aspect ratio (aeronautics)">Aspect ratio</a>:</b> 9.48:1</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Airfoil" title="Airfoil">Airfoil</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/NACA_airfoil" title="NACA airfoil">NACA</a> 23016/23012</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 46,832 lb (21,243 kg)</li> <li><b>Max takeoff weight:</b> 82,300 lb (37,331 kg)</li> <li><b>Fuel capacity:</b> 3,226 imp gal (3,874 US gal; 14,670 L)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 4 × <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Merlin" title="Rolls-Royce Merlin">Rolls-Royce Merlin</a> 626 liquid-cooled <a href="/wiki/V-12_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="V-12 engine">V-12 engines</a>, 1,760 hp (1,310 kW) each</li> <li><b>Propellers:</b> 3-bladed <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Standard" title="Hamilton Standard">Hamilton Standard</a> <a href="/wiki/Constant-speed_propeller" class="mw-redirect" title="Constant-speed propeller">constant-speed propellers</a>, 13 ft 1 in (3.99 m) diameter</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Cruise speed:</b> 325 mph (523 km/h, 282 kn) at 25,200 ft (7,700 m)</li> <li><b>Range:</b> 3,860 mi (6,210 km, 3,350 nmi) (absolute range)</li> <li><b>Service ceiling:</b> 29,500 ft (9,000 m)</li> <li><b>Rate of climb:</b> 840 ft/min (4.3 m/s)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/28px-Aviacionavion.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/42px-Aviacionavion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/56px-Aviacionavion.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Aviation" title="Portal:Aviation">Aviation portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/25px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/37px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/50px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></span></li></ul> <p> <b>Related development</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Traders_Carvair" title="Aviation Traders Carvair">Aviation Traders Carvair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">Douglas C-54 Skymaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">Douglas DC-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-7" title="Douglas DC-7">Douglas DC-7</a></li></ul> <p><b>Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Tudor" title="Avro Tudor">Avro Tudor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_York" title="Avro York">Avro York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_307_Stratoliner" title="Boeing 307 Stratoliner">Boeing 307 Stratoliner</a></li></ul> <p> <b>Related lists</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft" title="List of aircraft">List of aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_aircraft" title="List of civil aircraft">List of civil aircraft</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Flight200744p60-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Flight200744p60_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1944/1944%20-%201466.html">"Here and There: Merlin-engined Skymasters"</a>. <i>Flight</i>. <b>XLVI</b> (1856): 60. 20 July 1944<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight&rft.atitle=Here+and+There%3A+Merlin-engined+Skymasters&rft.volume=XLVI&rft.issue=1856&rft.pages=60&rft.date=1944-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1944%2F1944%2520-%25201466.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanadair+North+Star" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Flight-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Flight_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearl1948" class="citation journal cs1">Pearl, Roy (25 March 1948). "A Visitor's Impressions: Canada's Production and plans for the Future". <i>Flight</i>. <b>LIII</b> (2048): 339–340.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight&rft.atitle=A+Visitor%27s+Impressions%3A+Canada%27s+Production+and+plans+for+the+Future&rft.volume=LIII&rft.issue=2048&rft.pages=339-340&rft.date=1948-03-25&rft.aulast=Pearl&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanadair+North+Star" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Milberry_pp._213–214-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Milberry_pp._213–214_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Milberry_pp._213–214_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Milberry 1982, pp. 213–214.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Flight130247p157-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Flight130247p157_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1947/1947%20-%200229.html">"Universal Power Plants"</a>. <i>Flight</i>: 157–162. 13 February 1947<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight&rft.atitle=Universal+Power+Plants&rft.pages=157-162&rft.date=1947-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1947%2F1947%2520-%25200229.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanadair+North+Star" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-North_Star-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-North_Star_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviation.technomuses.ca/collections/artifacts/aircraft/CanadairNorthStar1ST/">"Canadair North Star 1 ST."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110110035609/http://www.aviation.technomuses.ca/collections/artifacts/aircraft/CanadairNorthStar1ST/">Archived</a> 2011-01-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Canada Aviation Museum</i>. Retrieved: 18 March 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ingeniumcanada.org/artifact/canadair-c-54gm-north-star-1-st">"Canadair C-54GM North Star 1 ST"</a>. <i>Canada Aviation and Space Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canada+Aviation+and+Space+Museum&rft.atitle=Canadair+C-54GM+North+Star+1+ST&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fingeniumcanada.org%2Fartifact%2Fcanadair-c-54gm-north-star-1-st&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanadair+North+Star" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Aviation Week</i> 7 Sept 1953 p53: "Crossovers reduce cabin noise level in the audio range by about 6–8 decibels."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>American Aviation</i> 12 May 1952 p28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/princesselizabeth/6615.shtml">"King and Queen See Royal Departure"</a>, BBC TV (first broadcast) 1 February 1952 BBC Archive</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100213011851/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1952/1952%20-%200425.html">"The Queen's return"</a>, <i>Flight</i> (193), 15 February 1952, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1952/1952%20-%200425.html">the original</a> on 2010-02-13</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight&rft.atitle=The+Queen%27s+return&rft.issue=193&rft.date=1952-02-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1952%2F1952%2520-%25200425.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanadair+North+Star" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanfranciscosentinel.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/qe2london1952.jpg">"Queen Elizabeth II dressed in mourning descends the steps of the plane that returned her from Africa to London. Prince Philip is five steps behind"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924094108/http://www.sanfranciscosentinel.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/qe2london1952.jpg">Archived</a> 2015-09-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>San Francisco Sentinel</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141102134145/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1952/1952%20-%200532.html">"1952 | 0532 | Flight Archive"</a>. <i>www.flightglobal.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1952/1952%20-%200532.html">the original</a> on 2014-11-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.flightglobal.com&rft.atitle=1952+%7C+0532+%7C+Flight+Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1952%2F1952%2520-%25200532.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanadair+North+Star" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pickler120-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pickler120_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pickler, 1995, p.120</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19540408-1">"ASN Aircraft accident Canadair C-4-1 North Star CF-TFW Moose Jaw, SK"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Canadair+C-4-1+North+Star+CF-TFW+Moose+Jaw%2C+SK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19540408-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanadair+North+Star" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19550921-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Canadair C-4 Argonaut G-ALHL Tripoli-Idris Airport (TIP)."</a> <i>Aviation Safety Network.</i> Retrieved: 26 June 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Propliner" website; Sunday Times</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ingeniumcanada.org/artifact/canadair-c-54gm-north-star-1-st">"Canadair C-54GM North Star 1 ST"</a>. <i>Ingenium</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ingenium&rft.atitle=Canadair+C-54GM+North+Star+1+ST&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fingeniumcanada.org%2Fartifact%2Fcanadair-c-54gm-north-star-1-st&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanadair+North+Star" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bridgman 1951, pp. 102c–103c</span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Bibliography</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Berry, Peter et al. <i>The Douglas DC-4.</i> Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd, 1967.</li> <li>Blewett, R. <i>Survivors.</i> Coulsden, UK: Aviation Classics, 2007. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9530413-4-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9530413-4-3">978-0-9530413-4-3</a>.</li> <li>Bridgman, Leonard. <i>Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1951–52</i>. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Ltd, 1951.</li> <li>Eastwood, Tony and John Roach. <i>Piston Engine Airliner Production List</i>. West Drayton, UK: Aviation Hobby Shop, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-907178-37-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-907178-37-5">0-907178-37-5</a>.</li> <li>Francillon, René. <i>McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Since 1920: Volume I.</i> London: Putnam, 1979. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-428-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87021-428-4">0-87021-428-4</a>.</li> <li>Milberry, Larry. <i>The Canadair North Star</i>. Toronto: CANAV Books, 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-549965-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-07-549965-7">0-07-549965-7</a>.</li> <li>Pearcy, Arthur. <i>Douglas Propliners: DC-1–DC-7.</i> Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85310-261-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-85310-261-X">1-85310-261-X</a>.</li> <li>Pickler, Ron and Larry Milberry. <i>Canadair: The First 50 Years</i>. Toronto: CANAV Books, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-921022-07-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-921022-07-7">0-921022-07-7</a>.</li> <li>Yenne, Bill. <i>McDonnell Douglas: A Tale of Two Giants.</i> Greenwich, Connecticut: Bison Books, 1985. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-44287-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-44287-6">0-517-44287-6</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadair_North_Star&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Canadair_North_Star" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Canadair North Star">Canadair North Star</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_7x1S16aD0">Archival footage of Canadair North Star in service with the RCAF</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.projectnorthstar.ca/">Project North Star - restoration of North Star 17515</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120629122039/http://www.aviation.technomuses.ca/visit_us/at_the_museum/events/project_north_star/">Project North Star - restoration of North Star 17515, Canada Aviation and Space Museum web page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiritoffreedom.org">Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation</a> - Operates C-54 "Spirit of Freedom" as flying Berlin Airlift Museum</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1947/1947%20-%201055.html">"Canadair Four"</a> a 1947 <i>Flight</i> article on the DC-4M</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1948/1948%20-%200825.html">"Only The Canadair-Four Offers ... "</a> a 1948 advertisement in <i>Flight</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1949/1949%20-%200329.html">"A Call on Canadair"</a> a 1949 <i>Flight</i> article on the C4 - part 1</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1949/1949%20-%200396.html">"A Call on Canadair"</a> a 1949 <i>Flight</i> article on the C4 - part 2</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1952/1952%20-%200532.html">"Quieter Argonaut"</a> a 1952 <i>Flight</i> article on the Rolls-Royce exhaust system</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Canadair_aircraft" title="Template:Canadair aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadair_aircraft" title="Template talk:Canadair aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadair_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadair aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canadair_aircraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sequence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">CL-1</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_YC-125_Raider" title="Northrop YC-125 Raider">CL-3</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-4</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-5</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_YC-125_Raider" title="Northrop YC-125 Raider">CL-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_Sabre" title="Canadair Sabre">CL-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_XT-36" title="Beechcraft XT-36">CL-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velvet_Glove" title="Velvet Glove">CL-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CP-107_Argus" title="Canadair CP-107 Argus">CL-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-133_Silver_Star" title="Canadair CT-133 Silver Star">CL-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Britannia" title="Bristol Britannia">CL-32</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-114_Tutor" title="Canadair CT-114 Tutor">CL-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_XT-36" title="Beechcraft XT-36">CL-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-44" title="Canadair CL-44">CL-44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIM-24_Tartar" title="RIM-24 Tartar">CL-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-47_Stratojet" title="Boeing B-47 Stratojet">CL-52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_XT-36" title="Beechcraft XT-36">CL-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CC-109_Cosmopolitan" title="Canadair CC-109 Cosmopolitan">CL-66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Brant_(rocket)" title="Black Brant (rocket)">CL-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-84_Dynavert" title="Canadair CL-84 Dynavert">CL-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_880" title="Convair 880">CL-88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-89" title="Canadair CL-89">CL-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">CL-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">CL-201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handley_Page_Dart_Herald" title="Handley Page Dart Herald">CL-202</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Sabreliner" title="North American Sabreliner">CL-206</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-114_Tutor" title="Canadair CT-114 Tutor">CL-209</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-215" title="Canadair CL-215">CL-215</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-5" title="Canadair CF-5">CL-219</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-5" title="Canadair CF-5">CL-226</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-227_Sentinel" title="Canadair CL-227 Sentinel">CL-227</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-89" title="Canadair CL-89">CL-289</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-415" title="Canadair CL-415">CL-415</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-601</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-604</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-605</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">UAVs & missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Velvet_Glove" title="Velvet Glove">CL-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIM-24_Tartar" title="RIM-24 Tartar">CL-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Brant_(rocket)" title="Black Brant (rocket)">CL-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-89" title="Canadair CL-89">CL-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-227_Sentinel" title="Canadair CL-227 Sentinel">CL-227</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-89" title="Canadair CL-89">CL-289</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Piston-engined</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">CL-1</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_YC-125_Raider" title="Northrop YC-125 Raider">CL-3</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-4</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-5</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_YC-125_Raider" title="Northrop YC-125 Raider">CL-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_XT-36" title="Beechcraft XT-36">CL-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CP-107_Argus" title="Canadair CP-107 Argus">CL-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_XT-36" title="Beechcraft XT-36">CL-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_XT-36" title="Beechcraft XT-36">CL-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CC-109_Cosmopolitan" title="Canadair CC-109 Cosmopolitan">CL-66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-215" title="Canadair CL-215">CL-215</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turboprops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Britannia" title="Bristol Britannia">CL-32</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-44" title="Canadair CL-44">CL-44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-84_Dynavert" title="Canadair CL-84 Dynavert">CL-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handley_Page_Dart_Herald" title="Handley Page Dart Herald">CL-202</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-215" title="Canadair CL-215">CL-215T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-415" title="Canadair CL-415">CL-415</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Jets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_Sabre" title="Canadair Sabre">CL-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-133_Silver_Star" title="Canadair CT-133 Silver Star">CL-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-114_Tutor" title="Canadair CT-114 Tutor">CL-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-47_Stratojet" title="Boeing B-47 Stratojet">CL-52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_880" title="Convair 880">CL-88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">CL-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">CL-201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Sabreliner" title="North American Sabreliner">CL-206</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-114_Tutor" title="Canadair CT-114 Tutor">CL-209</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-5" title="Canadair CF-5">CL-219</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-5" title="Canadair CF-5">CL-226</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-601</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-604</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-605</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_CRJ" title="Bombardier CRJ">CRJ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Names</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CP-107_Argus" title="Canadair CP-107 Argus">Argus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">Challenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CC-109_Cosmopolitan" title="Canadair CC-109 Cosmopolitan">Cosmopolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_CRJ" title="Bombardier CRJ">CRJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-84_Dynavert" title="Canadair CL-84 Dynavert">Dynavert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-5" title="Canadair CF-5">Freedom Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-89" title="Canadair CL-89">Midge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">North Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_Sabre" title="Canadair Sabre">Sabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-133_Silver_Star" title="Canadair CT-133 Silver Star">Silver Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">Starfighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-114_Tutor" title="Canadair CT-114 Tutor">Tutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velvet_Glove" title="Velvet Glove">Velvet Glove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-215" title="Canadair CL-215">Waterbomber (215)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-415" title="Canadair CL-415">Waterbomber (415)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-44" title="Canadair CL-44">Yukon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">CAF/CF Designations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">CF-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-44" title="Canadair CL-44">CC-106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CP-107_Argus" title="Canadair CP-107 Argus">CP-107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CC-109_Cosmopolitan" title="Canadair CC-109 Cosmopolitan">CC-109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-114_Tutor" title="Canadair CT-114 Tutor">CT-114</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-84_Dynavert" title="Canadair CL-84 Dynavert">CX-131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-133_Silver_Star" title="Canadair CT-133 Silver Star">CT-133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CC-144</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Aviation" title="Bombardier Aviation">Bombardier Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers" title="Canadian Vickers">Canadian Vickers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Douglas_DC-4_family" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Douglas_DC-4_family" title="Template:Douglas DC-4 family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Douglas_DC-4_family" title="Template talk:Douglas DC-4 family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Douglas_DC-4_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Douglas DC-4 family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Douglas_DC-4_family" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Aircraft_Company" title="Douglas Aircraft Company">Douglas</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Douglas_DC-4_variants" title="List of Douglas DC-4 variants">DC-4 family</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4E" title="Douglas DC-4E">DC-4E</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civil/Commercial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">DC-4</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">DC-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-74_Globemaster" title="Douglas C-74 Globemaster">DC-7 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-7" title="Douglas DC-7">DC-7 (II)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">C-54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-74_Globemaster" title="Douglas C-74 Globemaster">C-74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">C-112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">C-114</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">C-115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">C-116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">C-118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-124_Globemaster_II" title="Douglas C-124 Globemaster II">C-124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-132" title="Douglas C-132">C-132</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">R5D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">R6D</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">Skymaster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign<br />variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Traders" title="Aviation Traders">ATL</a><br />(United Kingdom)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Traders_Carvair" title="Aviation Traders Carvair">ATL-98 Carvair</a> (conversions)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a><br />(Canada)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">North Star</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-29</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br />aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-7B_N836D" title="Douglas DC-7B N836D"><i>N836D</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_the_Douglas_DC-4" title="List of accidents and incidents involving the Douglas DC-4">Accidents and incidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_the_Douglas_DC-6" title="List of accidents and incidents involving the Douglas DC-6">DC-6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Douglas_DC-4_operators" title="List of Douglas DC-4 operators">Operators</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Douglas_DC-6_operators" title="List of Douglas DC-6 operators">DC-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Douglas_DC-7_operators" title="List of Douglas DC-7 operators">DC-7</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Douglas_DC-4_variants" title="List of Douglas DC-4 variants">Variants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Douglas_DC-3_family" title="Template:Douglas DC-3 family">Douglas DC-3 family</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:McDonnell_Douglas_DC-9_family" title="Template:McDonnell Douglas DC-9 family">McDonnell Douglas DC-9 family</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Certified/factory-built_aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" title="Template:Aircraft manufactured in Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" title="Template talk:Aircraft manufactured in Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aircraft manufactured in Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Certified/factory-built_aircraft_manufactured_in_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Certified/factory-built aircraft manufactured in Canada</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_A220" title="Airbus A220">A220</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Avian Industries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avian_Gyroplane" title="Avian Gyroplane">2/180 Gyroplane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada" title="Avro Canada">Avro Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_CF-100_Canuck" title="Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck">CF-100 Canuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_C102_Jetliner" title="Avro Canada C102 Jetliner">C-102 Jetliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_CF-105_Arrow" title="Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow">CF-105 Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Canada_VZ-9_Avrocar" title="Avro Canada VZ-9 Avrocar">VZ-9 Avrocar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bell_Textron" title="Bell Textron">Bell Textron</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_212" title="Bell 212">212</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_214ST" title="Bell 214ST">214ST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_222/230" title="Bell 222/230">230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_407" title="Bell 407">407</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_412" title="Bell 412">412</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_427" title="Bell 427">427</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_429_GlobalRanger" title="Bell 429 GlobalRanger">429 GlobalRanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_505_Jet_Ranger_X" title="Bell 505 Jet Ranger X">505 Jet Ranger X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_525_Relentless" title="Bell 525 Relentless">525 Relentless</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Canada" title="Boeing Canada">Boeing Aircraft of Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Model_204" title="Boeing Model 204">C-204 Thunderbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing-Canada_A-213_Totem" title="Boeing-Canada A-213 Totem">A-213 Totem</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Model_40" title="Boeing Model 40">40H-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackburn_Shark" title="Blackburn Shark">Shark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">PB2B Catalina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Aviation" title="Bombardier Aviation">Bombardier</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_CRJ100/200" title="Bombardier CRJ100/200">CRJ100/200/440</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_CRJ700_series" title="Bombardier CRJ700 series">700/900/1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Global_Express" title="Bombardier Global Express">Global Express</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Global_7500" title="Bombardier Global 7500">Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_Dash_8" title="De Havilland Canada Dash 8">Q400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_A220" title="Airbus A220">CS100/300</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_300" title="Bombardier Challenger 300">Challenger 300</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">600</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_850" title="Bombardier Challenger 850">850</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_Dash_8" title="De Havilland Canada Dash 8">Dash 8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Aerospace" title="Bristol Aerospace">Bristol/McDonald Brothers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Anson" title="Avro Anson">Anson Mk.V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CL-4 North Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CP-107_Argus" title="Canadair CP-107 Argus">CL-28 Argus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-114_Tutor" title="Canadair CT-114 Tutor">CL-41 Tutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-44" title="Canadair CL-44">CL-44 Yukon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-84_Dynavert" title="Canadair CL-84 Dynavert">CL-84 Dynavert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-215" title="Canadair CL-215">CL-215 Waterbomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-415" title="Canadair CL-415">CL-415 Super Scooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Challenger_600_series" title="Bombardier Challenger 600 series">CL-600 Challenger</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CC-109_Cosmopolitan" title="Canadair CC-109 Cosmopolitan">Cosmopolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">Canso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-5" title="Canadair CF-5">Freedom Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_Sabre" title="Canadair Sabre">Sabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CT-133_Silver_Star" title="Canadair CT-133 Silver Star">Silver Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CF-104_Starfighter" title="Canadair CF-104 Starfighter">Starfighter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aerodrome_Company" title="Canadian Aerodrome Company">Canadian Aerodrome Company</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aerodrome_Baddeck_No._1_and_No._2" title="Canadian Aerodrome Baddeck No. 1 and No. 2">Baddeck No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aerodrome_Baddeck_No._1_and_No._2" title="Canadian Aerodrome Baddeck No. 1 and No. 2">Baddeck No. 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubbard_Monoplane" title="Hubbard Monoplane">Hubbard Monoplane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aeroplanes" title="Canadian Aeroplanes">Canadian Aeroplanes/<br />Toronto Curtiss Aeroplanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_JN_Jenny" title="Curtiss JN Jenny">JN-4C Canuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_C-1_Canada" title="Curtiss C-1 Canada">C-1 Canada</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_504" title="Avro 504">Avro 504</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felixstowe_F5L" title="Felixstowe F5L">F5L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Associated_Aircraft" title="Canadian Associated Aircraft">Canadian Associated Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Handley_Page_Hampden" title="Handley Page Hampden">Hampden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Car_and_Foundry" title="Canadian Car and Foundry">Canadian Car and Foundry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CCF_Maple_Leaf_Trainer_II" title="CCF Maple Leaf Trainer II">Maple Leaf Trainer II</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Anson" title="Avro Anson">Anson Mk.II & Mk.V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_T-34_Mentor" title="Beechcraft T-34 Mentor">T-34A Mentor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnelli_CBY-3" title="Burnelli CBY-3">CBY-3 Loadmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SB2C_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SB2C Helldiver">SBW Helldiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Car_and_Foundry_FDB-1" title="Canadian Car and Foundry FDB-1">FDB-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_FF" title="Grumman FF">Goblin/Delfín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hurricane" title="Hawker Hurricane">Hurricane Mk.X, XI & XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noorduyn_Norseman" title="Noorduyn Norseman">Norseman Mk.V & VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">Harvard Mk.IIB and Mk.4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers" title="Canadian Vickers">Canadian Vickers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vancouver" title="Canadian Vickers Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vanessa" title="Canadian Vickers Vanessa">Vanessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Varuna" title="Canadian Vickers Varuna">Varuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vedette" title="Canadian Vickers Vedette">Vedette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Velos" title="Canadian Vickers Velos">Velos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vigil" title="Canadian Vickers Vigil">Vigil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers_Vista" title="Canadian Vickers Vista">Vista</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_504" title="Avro 504">Avro 504N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_552" title="Avro 552">Avro 552</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellanca_CH-300_Pacemaker" title="Bellanca CH-300 Pacemaker">CH-300 Pacemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">PBV-1 Canso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HS" title="Curtiss HS">HS-3L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_FC-2" title="Fairchild FC-2">FC-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fokker_Super_Universal" title="Fokker Super Universal">Super Universal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Delta" title="Northrop Delta">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supermarine_Stranraer" title="Supermarine Stranraer">Stranraer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viking" title="Vickers Viking">Viking IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cub_Aircraft" title="Cub Aircraft">Cub Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_J-2" title="Taylor J-2">J-2 Cub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">J-3 Cub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-4" title="Piper J-4">J-4 Cub Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-5" title="Piper J-5">J-5 Cub Cruiser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada" title="De Havilland Canada">de Havilland Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-1_Chipmunk" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk">DHC-1 Chipmunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-2_Beaver" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver">DHC-2 Beaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-3_Otter" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter">DHC-3 Otter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-4_Caribou" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou">DHC-4 Caribou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-5_Buffalo" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo">DHC-5 Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-6_Twin_Otter" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter">DHC-6 Twin Otter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_Dash_7" title="De Havilland Canada Dash 7">Dash 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_Dash_8" title="De Havilland Canada Dash 8">Dash 8</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_DH.60_Moth" title="De Havilland DH.60 Moth">DH.60 Gipsy Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Tiger_Moth" title="De Havilland Tiger Moth">DH.82C Tiger Moth & Menasco Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Fox_Moth" title="De Havilland Fox Moth">DH.83C Fox Moth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Mosquito" title="De Havilland Mosquito">DH.98 Mosquito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_S-2_Tracker" title="Grumman S-2 Tracker">CS2F Tracker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Aircraft_Industries" title="Diamond Aircraft Industries">Diamond Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_DA20_Katana" title="Diamond DA20 Katana">DA20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_DA40_Diamond_Star" title="Diamond DA40 Diamond Star">DA40-180 Star</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Aircraft_Ltd." title="Fairchild Aircraft Ltd.">Fairchild</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_82" title="Fairchild 82">34-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_45-80_Sekani" title="Fairchild 45-80 Sekani">45-80 Sekani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_F-11_Husky" title="Fairchild F-11 Husky">F-11 Husky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Super_71" title="Fairchild Super 71">Super 71</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_71" title="Fairchild 71">51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_71" title="Fairchild 71">71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_PT-19" title="Fairchild PT-19">Cornell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_FC-2" title="Fairchild FC-2">FC-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Bolingbroke" title="Bristol Bolingbroke">Bolingbroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_HS" title="Curtiss HS">HS-2L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_SB2C_Helldiver" title="Curtiss SB2C Helldiver">SBF Helldiver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal Aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Anson" title="Avro Anson">Anson Mk.II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Aircraft" title="Fleet Aircraft">Fleet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Model_1" title="Fleet Model 1">1,2,5 & 21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Fawn" title="Fleet Fawn">7 Fawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Finch" title="Fleet Finch">16 Finch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_50_Freighter" title="Fleet 50 Freighter">50 Freighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_60_Fort" title="Fleet 60 Fort">60 Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_80_Canuck" title="Fleet 80 Canuck">80 Canuck</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_PT-19" title="Fairchild PT-19">Cornell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Found_Aircraft" title="Found Aircraft">Found</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Found_FBA-1" title="Found FBA-1">FBA-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_FBA-2" title="Found FBA-2">FBA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_Centennial_100" title="Found Centennial 100">Centennial 100</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt-B%C3%B6lkow-Blohm" title="Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm">Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MBB_Bo_105" title="MBB Bo 105">Bo 105</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Research_Council_Canada" title="National Research Council Canada">National Research Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NRC_tailless_glider" title="NRC tailless glider">tailless glider</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Steel_Car" title="National Steel Car">National Steel Car</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Lysander" title="Westland Lysander">Lysander</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Noorduyn" title="Noorduyn">Noorduyn</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noorduyn_Norseman" title="Noorduyn Norseman">Norseman</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">Harvard Mk.II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Air_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontario Provincial Air Service">Ontario Provincial Air Service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buhl_Airsedan" title="Buhl Airsedan">CA-6M Airsedan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Car_Company" title="Ottawa Car Company">Ottawa Car and Aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth_Atlas" title="Armstrong Whitworth Atlas">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth_Siskin" title="Armstrong Whitworth Siskin">Siskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_Tutor" title="Avro Tutor">Tutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_626" title="Avro 626">Prefect</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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