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N. Phillips Savage</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Ayanna C. N. Phillips Savage"> <meta name="keywords" content="Ayanna C. N. Phillips Savage"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Ayanna C. 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N. Phillips Savage"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 47</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Ayanna C. N. Phillips Savage</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Identifying Pathogenic Mycobacterium Species Using Multiple Gene Phylogenetic Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lemar%20Blake">Lemar Blake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chris%20Oura"> Chris Oura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayanna%20C.%20N.%20Phillips%20Savage"> Ayanna C. N. Phillips Savage</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Improved DNA sequencing technology has greatly enhanced bacterial identification, especially for organisms that are difficult to culture. Mycobacteriosis with consistent hyphema, bilateral exophthalmia, open mouth gape and ocular lesions, were observed in various fish populations at the School of Veterinary Medicine, Aquaculture/Aquatic Animal Health Unit. Objective: To identify the species of Mycobacterium that is affecting aquarium fish at the School of Veterinary Medicine, Aquaculture/Aquatic Animal Health Unit. Method: A total of 13 fish samples were collected and analyzed via: Ziehl-Neelsen, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR. These tests were carried out simultaneously for confirmation. The following combination of conventional primers: 16s rRNA (564 bp), rpoB (396 bp), sod (408 bp) were used. Concatenation of the gene fragments was carried out to phylogenetically classify the organism. Results: Acid fast non-branching bacilli were detected in all samples from homogenized internal organs. All 13 acid fast samples were positive for Mycobacterium via real-time PCR. Partial gene sequences using all three primer sets were obtained from two samples and demonstrated a novel strain. A strain 99% related to Mycobacterium marinum was also confirmed in one sample, using 16srRNA and rpoB genes. The two novel strains were clustered with the rapid growers and strains that are known to affect humans. Conclusions: Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated two novel Mycobacterium strains with the potential of being zoonotic and one strain 99% related to Mycobacterium marinum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerase%20chain%20reaction" title="polymerase chain reaction">polymerase chain reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic" title=" phylogenetic"> phylogenetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20sequencing" title=" DNA sequencing"> DNA sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoonotic" title=" zoonotic "> zoonotic </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124273/identifying-pathogenic-mycobacterium-species-using-multiple-gene-phylogenetic-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Phillips Curve Estimation in an Emerging Economy: Evidence from Sub-National Data of Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harry%20Aginta">Harry Aginta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using Phillips curve framework, this paper seeks for new empirical evidence on the relationship between inflation and output in a major emerging economy. By exploiting sub-national data, the contribution of this paper is threefold. First, it resolves the issue of using on-target national inflation rates that potentially causes weakening inflation-output nexus. This is very relevant for Indonesia as its central bank has been adopting inflation targeting framework based on national consumer price index (CPI) inflation. Second, the study tests the relevance of mining sector in output gap estimation. The test for mining sector is important to control for the effects of mining regulation and nominal effects of coal prices on real economic activities. Third, the paper applies panel econometric method by incorporating regional variation that help to improve model estimation. The results from this paper confirm the strong presence of Phillips curve in Indonesia. Positive output gap that reflects excess demand condition gives rise to the inflation rates. In addition, the elasticity of output gap is higher if the mining sector is excluded from output gap estimation. In addition to inflation adaptation, the dynamics of exchange rate and international commodity price are also found to affect inflation significantly. The results are robust to the alternative measurement of output gap <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phillips%20curve" title="Phillips curve">Phillips curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title=" inflation"> inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20data" title=" panel data"> panel data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142577/phillips-curve-estimation-in-an-emerging-economy-evidence-from-sub-national-data-of-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Television Violence: The Influence It Has on Children’s Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharon%20Campbell-Phillips">Sharon Campbell-Phillips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serlange%20Campbell"> Serlange Campbell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daneil%20Phillips"> Daneil Phillips</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Students attending secondary schools in Tobago are said be spending a lot of time watching television and are falling back in their school work, and they are displaying violent behaviour. Violence is on the increase within the secondary schools in Tobago; therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate if there is a relationship between television violence and persons ’behaviour. We are living in an age where information is readily available and easily accessible throughout the world and it allows us to broaden our horizon academically and otherwise. This is very possible because of social media, which is the largest platform in which persons can socialize, get information and gain knowledge, and there are many sites to choose from depending on their interest. However, despite the good and valuable information that persons can acquire, there are the promotion of violence which is also accessible. To gather information for this study, questionnaires were administered to students attending secondary schools in Tobago and teachers and parents were interviewed. The findings were carefully analyzed and aim to assist in dealing with violent behaviour among school children, and with recommendations for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media" title="media">media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violence" title=" violence"> violence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=television" title=" television"> television</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20children" title=" school children"> school children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118168/television-violence-the-influence-it-has-on-childrens-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Macroeconomic Impact of Economic Growth on Unemployment: A Case of South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashika%20Govender">Ashika Govender</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study seeks to determine whether Okun’s Law is valid for the South African economy, using time series data for the period 2004 to 2014. The data were accessed from the South African Reserve Bank and Stats SA. The stationarity of the variables was analysed by applying unit root tests via the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF), the Phillips-Perron (PP) test, and the Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin test (KPSS) test. The study used an ordinary least square (OLS) model in analysing the dynamic version of Okun’s law. The Error Correction Model (ECM) was used to analyse the short-run impact of GDP growth on unemployment, as well as the speed of adjustment. The results indicate a short run and long run relationship between unemployment rate and GDP growth rate in period 2004q1-2014q4, suggesting that Okun’s law is valid for the South African economy. With a 1 percent increase in GDP, unemployment can decrease by 0.13 percent, ceteris paribus. The research culminates in important policy recommendations, highlighting the relationship between unemployment and economic growth in the spirit of the National Development Plan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unemployment" title="unemployment">unemployment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title=" economic growth"> economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okun%27s%20law" title=" Okun's law"> Okun's law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76809/macroeconomic-impact-of-economic-growth-on-unemployment-a-case-of-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Evaluating Effectiveness of Training and Development Corporate Programs: The Russian Agribusiness Context</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekaterina%20Tikhonova">Ekaterina Tikhonova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of T&D (Training and Development) on the example of two T&D programs for the Executive TOP Management run in 2012, 2015-2016 in Komos Group. This study is commissioned to research the effectiveness of two similar corporate T&D programs (within one company) in two periods of time (2012, 2015-2016) through evaluating the programs’ effectiveness using the four-level Kirkpatrick’s model of evaluating T&D programs and calculating ROI as an instrument for T&D program measuring by Phillips’ formula. The research investigates the correlation of two figures: the ROI calculated and the rating percentage scale per the ROI implementation (Wagle’s scale). The study includes an assessment of feedback 360 (Kirkpatrick's model) and Phillips’ ROI Methodology that provides a step-by-step process for collecting data, summarizing and processing the collected information. The data is collected from the company accounting data, the HR budgets, MCFO and the company annual reports for the research periods. All analyzed data and reports are organized and presented in forms of tables, charts, and graphs. The paper also gives a brief description of some constrains of the research considered. After ROI calculation, the study reveals that ROI ranges between the average implementation (65% to 75%) by Wagle’s scale that can be considered as a positive outcome. The paper also gives some recommendations how to use ROI in practice and describes main benefits of ROI implementation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROI" title="ROI">ROI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20performance" title=" organizational performance"> organizational performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficacy%20of%20T%26D%20program" title=" efficacy of T&D program"> efficacy of T&D program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20performance" title=" employee performance"> employee performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83108/evaluating-effectiveness-of-training-and-development-corporate-programs-the-russian-agribusiness-context" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> A Simulation-Based Investigation of the Smooth-Wall, Radial Gravity Problem of Granular Flow through a Wedge-Shaped Hopper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20F.%20Momin">A. F. Momin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20V.%20Khakhar"> D. V. Khakhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Granular materials consist of particulate particles found in nature and various industries that, due to gravity flow, behave macroscopically like liquids. A fundamental industrial unit operation is a hopper with inclined walls or a converging channel in which material flows downward under gravity and exits the storage bin through the bottom outlet. The simplest form of the flow corresponds to a wedge-shaped, quasi-two-dimensional geometry with smooth walls and radially directed gravitational force toward the apex of the wedge. These flows were examined using the Mohr-Coulomb criterion in the classic work of Savage (1965), while Ravi Prakash and Rao used the critical state theory (1988). The smooth-wall radial gravity (SWRG) wedge-shaped hopper is simulated using the discrete element method (DEM) to test existing theories. DEM simulations involve the solution of Newton's equations, taking particle-particle interactions into account to compute stress and velocity fields for the flow in the SWRG system. Our computational results are consistent with the predictions of Savage (1965) and Ravi Prakash and Rao (1988), except for the region near the exit, where both viscous and frictional effects are present. To further comprehend this behaviour, a parametric analysis is carried out to analyze the rheology of wedge-shaped hoppers by varying the orifice diameter, wedge angle, friction coefficient, and stiffness. The conclusion is that velocity increases as the flow rate increases but decreases as the wedge angle and friction coefficient increase. We observed no substantial changes in velocity due to varying stiffness. It is anticipated that stresses at the exit result from the transfer of momentum during particle collisions; for this reason, relationships between viscosity and shear rate are shown, and all data are collapsed into a single curve. In addition, it is demonstrated that viscosity and volume fraction exhibit power law correlations with the inertial number and that all the data collapse into a single curve. A continuum model for determining granular flows is presented using empirical correlations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title="discrete element method">discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20flow" title=" gravity flow"> gravity flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smooth-wall" title=" smooth-wall"> smooth-wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wedge-shaped%20hoppers" title=" wedge-shaped hoppers"> wedge-shaped hoppers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160087/a-simulation-based-investigation-of-the-smooth-wall-radial-gravity-problem-of-granular-flow-through-a-wedge-shaped-hopper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Decision Making under Strict Uncertainty: Case Study in Sewer Network Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen%20Wu">Zhen Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Lupien%20St-Pierre"> David Lupien St-Pierre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georges%20Abdul-Nour"> Georges Abdul-Nour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In decision making under strict uncertainty, decision makers have to choose a decision without any information about the states of nature. The classic criteria of Laplace, Wald, Savage, Hurwicz and Starr are introduced and compared in a case study of sewer network planning. Furthermore, results from different criteria are discussed and analyzed. Moreover, this paper discusses the idea that decision making under strict uncertainty (DMUSU) can be viewed as a two-player game and thus be solved by a solution concept in game theory: Nash equilibrium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20criteria" title="decision criteria">decision criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sewer%20network%20planning" title=" sewer network planning"> sewer network planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strict%20uncertainty" title=" strict uncertainty"> strict uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64139/decision-making-under-strict-uncertainty-case-study-in-sewer-network-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64139.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">559</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Time Varying Crustal Anisotropy at Whakaari/White Island Volcano</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Dagim%20Yoseph">M. Dagim Yoseph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20K.%20Savage"> M. K. Savage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20D.%20Jolly"> A. D. Jolly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20J.%20Ebinger"> C. J. Ebinger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Whakaari/White Island has been the most active New Zealand volcano in the 21st century, producing small phreatic and phreatomagmatic eruptions, which are hard to predict. The most recent eruption occurred in 2019, tragically claiming the lives of 22 individuals and causing numerous injuries. We employed shear-wave splitting analyses to investigate variations in anisotropy between 2018 and 2020, during quiescence, unrest, and the eruption. We examined spatial and temporal variations in 3499 shear-wave splitting and 2656 V_p/V_s ratio measurements. Comparing shear-wave splitting parameters from similar earthquake paths across different times indicates that the observed temporal changes are unlikely to result from variations in earthquake paths through media with spatial variability. Instead, these changes may stem from variations in anisotropy over time, likely caused by changes in crack alignment due to stress or varying fluid content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=background%20seismic%20waves" title="background seismic waves">background seismic waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20orientations" title=" fast orientations"> fast orientations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20anisotropy" title=" seismic anisotropy"> seismic anisotropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V_p%2FV_s%20ratio" title=" V_p/V_s ratio"> V_p/V_s ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185200/time-varying-crustal-anisotropy-at-whakaariwhite-island-volcano" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185200.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Inflation and Unemployment in South Africa: A Review of the Relationship 2000 - 2022</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chigozie%20Azunna">Chigozie Azunna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various studies have been carried out in several countries to determine the relationship between inflation and unemployment. The study was carried out to review this relationship in South Africa. Secondary data was obtained from Statistics South Africa, Reserve bank, and other reliable secondary sources to review this relationship. The study incorporated yearly inflation and unemployment data in South Africa from 2000 to 2022 to explain the relationship between inflation and unemployment in South Africa. The study found the relationship to be nonlinear and lacking any significant association or relationship. Various economic schools of thought postulations were incorporated in the review as it is applied to South Africa. Essentially, the Phillips Curve was reviewed in-line with the study objective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation%20and%20unemployment%20in%20south%20africa" title="inflation and unemployment in south africa">inflation and unemployment in south africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philips%20curve" title=" philips curve"> philips curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monetarists" title=" monetarists"> monetarists</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neo%20keynesian" title=" neo keynesian"> neo keynesian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new-classical" title=" new-classical"> new-classical</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179012/inflation-and-unemployment-in-south-africa-a-review-of-the-relationship-2000-2022" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> A Natural Killer T Cell Subset That Protects against Airway Hyperreactivity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Ting%20Chuang">Ya-Ting Chuang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krystle%20Leung"> Krystle Leung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Jen%20Chang"> Ya-Jen Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosemarie%20H.%20DeKruyff"> Rosemarie H. DeKruyff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20B.%20Savage"> Paul B. Savage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Cruse"> Richard Cruse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christophe%20Benoit"> Christophe Benoit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dirk%20Elewaut"> Dirk Elewaut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicole%20Baumgarth"> Nicole Baumgarth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dale%20T.%20Umetsu"> Dale T. Umetsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We examined characteristics of a Natural Killer T (NKT) cell subpopulation that developed during influenza infection in neonatal mice, and that suppressed the subsequent development of allergic asthma in a mouse model. This NKT cell subset expressed CD38 but not CD4, produced IFN-γ, but not IL-17, IL-4 or IL-13, and inhibited the development of airway hyperreactivity (AHR) through contact-dependent suppressive activity against helper CD4 T cells. The NKT subset expanded in the lungs of neonatal mice after infection with influenza, but also after treatment of neonatal mice with a Th1-biasing α-GalCer glycolipid analogue, Nu-α-GalCer. These results suggest that early/neonatal exposure to infection or to antigenic challenge can affect subsequent lung immunity by altering the profile of cells residing in the lung and that some subsets of NKT cells can have direct inhibitory activity against CD4+ T cells in allergic asthma. Importantly, our results also suggest a potential therapy for young children that might provide protection against the development of asthma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NKT%20subset" title="NKT subset">NKT subset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asthma" title=" asthma"> asthma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=airway%20hyperreactivity" title=" airway hyperreactivity"> airway hyperreactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hygiene%20hypothesis" title=" hygiene hypothesis"> hygiene hypothesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influenza" title=" influenza"> influenza</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80053/a-natural-killer-t-cell-subset-that-protects-against-airway-hyperreactivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> The Impact of Bitcoin on Stock Market Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oliver%20Takawira">Oliver Takawira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thembi%20Hope"> Thembi Hope</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study will analyse the relationship between Bitcoin price movements and the Johannesburg stock exchange (JSE). The aim is to determine whether Bitcoin price movements affect the stock market performance. As crypto currencies continue to gain prominence as a safe asset during periods of economic distress, this raises the question of whether Bitcoin’s prosperity could affect investment in the stock market. To identify the existence of a short run and long run linear relationship, the study will apply the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) bounds test and a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) after testing the data for unit roots and cointegration using the Augmented Dicker Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP). The Non-Linear Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) will then be used to check if there is a non-linear relationship between bitcoin prices and stock market prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitcoin" title="bitcoin">bitcoin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market" title=" stock market"> stock market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interest%20rates" title=" interest rates"> interest rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARDL" title=" ARDL"> ARDL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150006/the-impact-of-bitcoin-on-stock-market-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Long Memory and ARFIMA Modelling: The Case of CPI Inflation for Ghana and South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Boateng">A. Boateng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=La%20Gil-Alana"> La Gil-Alana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Lesaoana%3B%20Hj.%20Siweya"> M. Lesaoana; Hj. Siweya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Belete"> A. Belete</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines long memory or long-range dependence in the CPI inflation rates of Ghana and South Africa using Whittle methods and autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average (ARFIMA) models. Standard I(0)/I(1) methods such as Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Philips-Perron (PP) and Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) tests were also employed. Our findings indicate that long memory exists in the CPI inflation rates of both countries. After processing fractional differencing and determining the short memory components, the models were specified as ARFIMA (4,0.35,2) and ARFIMA (3,0.49,3) respectively for Ghana and South Africa. Consequently, the CPI inflation rates of both countries are fractionally integrated and mean reverting. The implication of this result will assist in policy formulation and identification of inflationary pressures in an economy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Consumer%20Price%20Index%20%28CPI%29%20inflation%20rates" title="Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation rates">Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Whittle%20method" title=" Whittle method"> Whittle method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long%20memory" title=" long memory"> long memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARFIMA%20model" title=" ARFIMA model"> ARFIMA model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46099/long-memory-and-arfima-modelling-the-case-of-cpi-inflation-for-ghana-and-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Children in Opera: Sociological and Musicological Trends</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Sutherland">Andrew Sutherland</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many ways, opera is not a natural domain for children. It is hardly surprising that from the thousands of works, comparatively few include roles for children. There are several possibilities for this, the dramatic themes in opera are often about the human condition from the adult perspective; the need for developed voices to project in large, theatrical spaces underpinned by orchestral accompaniment does not naturally suit the child’s voice, and enabling children to cope with long runs of performances on top of their education requires vocal and physical stamina. In more recent times, the involvement of children contributes another layer of difficulty in terms of having access to young singers while adhering to laws that protect their working rights. Despite these points, children have been in opera since its inception in a variety of ways, but their contribution is often undervalued or ignored by musicologists and even the industry itself. In this paper, the phenomenon of children in opera from the late 16th century to the present day is explored through empirical, socio-musicological observations with reference to score analysis. Conclusions are drawn regarding the changing attitudes of composers when scoring for children’s voices in relation to societal developments. From the use of ‘kindertruppen’ in the pre-enlightenment period to Handel’s virtuosic writing for William Savage, to the darkness of the inter-war eras which saw a proliferation of operatic characters for children and the post-war era which saw children as the new frontier of building audiences for opera, the links between changes in society and the inclusion, portrayal and scoring for children in opera are largely congruent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title="children">children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musical%20analysis" title=" musical analysis"> musical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opera" title=" opera"> opera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociology" title=" sociology "> sociology </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112068/children-in-opera-sociological-and-musicological-trends" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> The Importance of Zakat in Struggle against Circle of Poverty and Income Redistribution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Bulent%20Kantarci">Hasan Bulent Kantarci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examine how Zakat provide a fair income redistribution and struggle with poverty. To provide a fair income redistribution and struggle with poverty take place among the fundamental tasks of all countries. Each country seeks a solution for this problem according to their political, economical and administrative styles through applying various economic and financial policies. The same situation gets handled via zakat association in the Islam. Nowadays, we observe different versions of zakat in developed countries. The applications such as negative income tax denote merely a difference from the zakat being applied almost the same way under changed names. But the minimum values to donate the zakat (e.g. 85 gr. gold and 40 animals) get altered and various amounts are put into practice. It might be named as negative income tax instead of zakat, nonetheless, these applications are based on the Holy Koran and the hadith released 1400 years ago. Besides, considering the savage and slavery in the world at those times, we might easily recognize the true value of the zakat applied the first time then in Islamic system. Through zakat is enabled an income transfer by the government so that the poor could reach the minimum level of life standard. To whom the zakat would be donated was not left to people’s heart and encouraged to determine according to objective criteria. Since the zakat is obligatory, the transfer do not get forward by hand but via the government and get distributed, which requires a vast government organization. Through applying the zakat as it must be would achieve to reduce the poverty mostly and ensuring the fair income redistribution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20finance" title="Islamic finance">Islamic finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zakat" title=" zakat"> zakat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20redistribution" title=" income redistribution"> income redistribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circle%20of%20poverty" title=" circle of poverty"> circle of poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negatif%20income%20tax" title=" negatif income tax"> negatif income tax</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21460/the-importance-of-zakat-in-struggle-against-circle-of-poverty-and-income-redistribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> A Study of Islamic Stock Indices and Macroeconomic Variables</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Irfan">Mohammad Irfan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship among the key macroeconomic variables and Islamic stock market in India. This study is based on the time series data of financial years 2009-2015 to explore the consistency of relationship between macroeconomic variables and Shariah Indices. The ADF (Augmented Dickey–Fuller Test Statistic) and PP (Phillips–Perron Test Statistic) tests are employed to check stationarity of the data. The study depicts the long run relationship between Shariah indices and macroeconomic variables by using the Johansen Co-integration test. BSE Shariah and Nifty Shariah have uni-direct Granger causality. The outcome of VECM is significantly confirming the applicability of best fitted model. Thus, Islamic stock indices are proficiently working for the development of Indian economy. It suggests that by keeping eyes on Islamic stock market which will be more interactive in the future with other macroeconomic variables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20Shariah%20Indices" title="Indian Shariah Indices">Indian Shariah Indices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroeconomic%20variables" title=" macroeconomic variables"> macroeconomic variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-integration" title=" co-integration"> co-integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Granger%20causality" title=" Granger causality"> Granger causality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vector%20error%20correction%20model%20%28VECM%29" title=" vector error correction model (VECM)"> vector error correction model (VECM)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48403/a-study-of-islamic-stock-indices-and-macroeconomic-variables" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Adoption of Noise and Vibration Management Tools for Major Infrastructure Projects in Sydney, Australia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adrian%20Morris">Adrian Morris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodney%20Phillips"> Rodney Phillips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mattia%20Tabacchi"> Mattia Tabacchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Minimizing construction noise and vibration impacts is a key challenge for major infrastructure projects in urban environments. Before commencing construction works, Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan (CNVMP) and Construction Noise and Vibration Impact Statements (CNVIS) are required to be prepared and submitted to the relevant government authorities for review and approval. However, the assessment of potential impacts from work activities at pre-approval stage may be inaccurate as works methodology and scheduling are yet to be determined. In response, noise and vibration management tools have been developed to refine and supplement the CNVIS as works progress. These tools have been successfully implemented in major infrastructure projects allowing contractors to plan and assess construction works in a cost effective and timely manner. As a result, noise and vibration management tools have been incorporated into management plans and are increasingly required by regulators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise%20management" title="noise management">noise management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20noise" title=" environmental noise"> environmental noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrastructure%20projects" title=" infrastructure projects"> infrastructure projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration" title=" vibration"> vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20effective" title=" cost effective"> cost effective</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154101/adoption-of-noise-and-vibration-management-tools-for-major-infrastructure-projects-in-sydney-australia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Short and Long Term Effects of an Attachment-Based Intervention on Child Behaviors </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Baudry">Claire Baudry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Pearson"> Jessica Pearson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura-Emilie%20Savage"> Laura-Emilie Savage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Tarbulsy"> George Tarbulsy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the last fifty years, maternal sensitivity and child development among vulnerable families have been a priority for researchers. For this reason, attachment-based interventions have been implemented and been shown to be effective in enhancing child development. Most of the time, child outcomes are measured shortly after the intervention. Objectives: The goal of the study was to investigate the effects of an attachment-based intervention on child development shortly after the intervention ended and one-year post-intervention. Methods: Over the seventy-two mother-child dyads referred by Child Protective Services in the province of Québec, Canada, forty-two were included in this study: 24 dyads who received 6 to 8 intervention sessions and 18 dyads who did not. Intervention and none intervention dyads were matched for the following variables: duration of child protective services, the reason for involvement with child protection, age, sex, and family status. Internalizing and externalizing behaviors were measured 3 and 12 months after the end of the intervention when the average age of children were respectively 45 and 54 months old. Findings: Independent-sample t-tests were conducted to compare scores between the two groups and the two data collection times. In general, on differences observed between the two groups three months after the intervention ended, just a few of them were still present nine months later. Conclusions: This first set of analyses suggests that the effects of attachment-based intervention observed three months following the intervention are not lasting for most of them. Those results inform us of the importance of considering the possibility to offer more attachment-based intervention sessions for those highly vulnerable families. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachment-based%20intervention" title="attachment-based intervention">attachment-based intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20behaviors" title=" child behaviors"> child behaviors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20protective%20services" title=" child protective services"> child protective services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=highly%20vulnerable%20families" title=" highly vulnerable families"> highly vulnerable families</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120202/short-and-long-term-effects-of-an-attachment-based-intervention-on-child-behaviors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Transgenerational Entrepreneurship in Chinese Family Businesses: Proposal for a Model of Work-Life Synergy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenny%20Oliveros%20Lao%20Phillips">Jenny Oliveros Lao Phillips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arturo%20E.%20Osorio"> Arturo E. Osorio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Alves"> José Alves</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Family business are the dominant form of business in the world, and Chinese family business (CFB) is a unique type of family business that relies on collective action to survive. This paper argues that in CFBs, entrepreneurial actions are transgenerational collective endeavors, and successors are groomed as stewards of the family legacy. Work-life relationship in CFBs is about synergy and not balance because the family identity is the business identity, and vice-versa. Using five in-depth case studies, this research introduces an alternative understanding of CFBs and proposes a model of work-life synergy in transgenerational entrepreneurship based on discussion of five theory-based propositions. This model explains that through emphasizing on the business family’s shared value and entrepreneurial legacy, elements of trust, shared identity and stewardship of family members are enhanced which leads to collective action and goal of the business family, resulting in transgenerational entrepreneurship. Limitations and future research are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20family%20business" title="Chinese family business">Chinese family business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20legacy" title=" family legacy"> family legacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stewardship" title=" stewardship"> stewardship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transgenerational%20entrepreneurship" title=" transgenerational entrepreneurship"> transgenerational entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work-life%20synergy" title=" work-life synergy"> work-life synergy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79538/transgenerational-entrepreneurship-in-chinese-family-businesses-proposal-for-a-model-of-work-life-synergy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> The Accuracy of Measures for Screening Adults for Spiritual Suffering in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayna%20Bahraini">Sayna Bahraini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wendy%20Gifford"> Wendy Gifford</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ian%20%20Graham"> Ian Graham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liquaa%20Wazni"> Liquaa Wazni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suzettee%20Bremault-Phillips"> Suzettee Bremault-Phillips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebekah%20Hackbusch"> Rebekah Hackbusch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catrine%20Demers"> Catrine Demers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Egan"> Mary Egan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Guidelines for palliative and spiritual care emphasize the importance of screening patients for spiritual suffering. The aim of this review was to synthesize the research evidence on the accuracy of measures used to screen adults for spiritual suffering. Methods: A systematic review has been conducted. We searched five scientific databases to identify relevant articles. Two independent reviewers screened extracted data and assessed study methodological quality. Results: We identified five articles that yielded information on 24 spiritual screening measures. Among all identified measures, the 2-item Meaning/Joy & Self-Described Struggle has the highest sensitivity (82-87%), and the revised Rush protocol has the highest specificity (81-90%). The methodological quality of all included studies was low. Significance of Results: While most of the identified spiritual screening measures are brief (comprise 1 to 12 number of items), few have sufficient accuracy to effectively screen patients for spiritual suffering. We advise clinicians to use their critical appraisal skills and clinical judgment when selecting and using any of the identified measures to screen for spiritual suffering. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title="screening">screening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suffering" title=" suffering"> suffering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spirituality" title=" spirituality"> spirituality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostic%20test%20accuracy" title=" diagnostic test accuracy"> diagnostic test accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109532/the-accuracy-of-measures-for-screening-adults-for-spiritual-suffering-in-health-care-settings-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109532.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Oxalate Content of Raw and Cooked Amaranth and Strawberry Spinach Grown in an Elevated CO₂ Atmosphere</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madhuri%20Kanala">Madhuri Kanala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geoffrey%20Savage"> Geoffrey Savage </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Worldwide CO₂ levels are slowly rising, and this may have effects on the growth and nutritional composition of many food plants. The production of secondary metabolites such as oxalates has not been investigated in depth. The oxalate content of many food plants are known to have adverse nutritional effects on humans and reduction in the oxalate contents of food plants is a very positive move. Recent studies had shown that the oxalate content of the leaves of spinach and silver beet reduced when the plants were grown in an environment where CO₂ was increased. The response of amaranth and strawberry spinach leaves to changes in the high CO₂ environment have not been understood though it is known that the plants do contain appreciable oxalate contents. A study was conducted where amaranth and strawberry spinach plants were grown in identical plant growth chambers with the same environmental conditions except that one chamber was supplied with ambient air (CO₂ 405 ppm) while the other chamber had the CO₂ level increased to 650 ppm. The total and soluble oxalate content of the leaves of raw and cooked amaranth and strawberry spinach were determined by HPLC and calcium levels were determined using ICP following 6 weeks of growth. The total oxalate content of the fresh leaves of amaranth and strawberry spinach were reduced by 29.5 % and 24.6% respectively in the leaves of the plants grown in increased CO₂ conditions compared to ambient levels. The soluble oxalate content of amaranth leaves grown under ambient and increased CO₂ conditions were future reduced by 42% and 26.8% respectively following cooking as the soluble oxalate was leached into the cooking water and discarded. The reduction of the oxalate and calcium levels of raw and cooked amaranth and strawberry spinach leaves following an increase in CO₂ content in the air is an interesting positive response to an otherwise significant environmental problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amaranth" title="amaranth">amaranth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20oxalate" title=" calcium oxalate"> calcium oxalate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enriched%20CO%E2%82%82" title=" enriched CO₂"> enriched CO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxalates" title=" oxalates"> oxalates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strawberry%20spinach" title=" strawberry spinach"> strawberry spinach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87031/oxalate-content-of-raw-and-cooked-amaranth-and-strawberry-spinach-grown-in-an-elevated-co2-atmosphere" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Economic Growth and Transport Carbon Dioxide Emissions in New Zealand: A Co-Integration Analysis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mingyue%20Sheng">Mingyue Sheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basil%20Sharp"> Basil Sharp</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from national transport account for the largest share of emissions from energy use in New Zealand. Whether the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) relationship exists between environmental degradation indicators from the transport sector and economic growth in New Zealand remains unclear. This paper aims at exploring the causality relationship between CO₂ emissions from the transport sector, fossil fuel consumption, and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in New Zealand, using annual data for the period 1977 to 2013. First, conventional unit root tests (Augmented Dickey–Fuller and Phillips–Perron tests), and a unit root test with the breakpoint (Zivot-Andrews test) are employed to examine the stationarity of the variables. Second, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test for co-integration, followed by Granger causality investigated causality among the variables. Empirical results of the study reveal that, in the short run, there is a unidirectional causality between economic growth and transport CO₂ emissions with direction from economic growth to transport CO₂ emissions, as well as a bidirectional causality from transport CO₂ emissions to road energy consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport%20carbon%20dioxide%20emissions" title=" transport carbon dioxide emissions"> transport carbon dioxide emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20Kuznets%20curve" title=" environmental Kuznets curve"> environmental Kuznets curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causality" title=" causality"> causality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92763/economic-growth-and-transport-carbon-dioxide-emissions-in-new-zealand-a-co-integration-analysis-of-the-environmental-kuznets-curve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92763.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Modeling Residential Electricity Consumption Function in Malaysia: Time Series Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20L.%20Ivy-Yap">L. L. Ivy-Yap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Bekhet"> H. A. Bekhet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the Malaysian residential electricity consumption continued to increase rapidly, effective energy policies, which address factors affecting residential electricity consumption, is urgently needed. This study attempts to investigate the relationship between residential electricity consumption (EC), real disposable income (Y), price of electricity (Pe) and population (Po) in Malaysia for 1978-2011 periods. Unlike previous studies on Malaysia, the current study focuses on the residential sector, a sector that is important for the contemplation of energy policy. The Phillips-Perron (P-P) unit root test is employed to infer the stationary of each variable while the bound test is executed to determine the existence of co-integration relationship among the variables, modeled in an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework. The CUSUM and CUSUM of squares tests are applied to ensure the stability of the model. The results suggest the existence of long-run equilibrium relationship and bidirectional Granger causality between EC and the macroeconomic variables. The empirical findings will help policy makers of Malaysia in developing new monitoring standards of energy consumption. As it is the major contributing factor in economic growth and CO2 emission, there is a need for more proper planning in Malaysia to attain future targets in order to cut emissions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-integration" title="co-integration">co-integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elasticity" title=" elasticity"> elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granger%20causality" title=" granger causality"> granger causality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysia" title=" Malaysia"> Malaysia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20electricity%20consumption" title=" residential electricity consumption"> residential electricity consumption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2495/modeling-residential-electricity-consumption-function-in-malaysia-time-series-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Impact of the Linguistic Behavior of the Soccer Moroccan Coach in Light of Motivation Theory and Discursive Psychology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelaadim%20Bidaoui">Abdelaadim Bidaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As one of the most important linguistic inquiries, the topic of the intertwined relationship between language, the mind, and the world has attracted many scholars. In the fifties, Sapir and Whorf advocated the hypothesis that language shapes our cultural realities as an early attempt to provide answers to this linguistic inquiry. Later, discursive psychology views the linguistic behavior as “a dynamic form of social practice which constructs the social world, individual selves and identity.” (Jorgensen & Phillips 2002, 118). Discursive psychology also considers discourse as a trigger of social action and change. Building on discursive psychology and motivation theory, this paper examines the impact of linguistic behavior of the Moroccan coach Walid Reggragui on the Moroccan team’s exceptional performance in Qatar 2022 Soccer World Cup. The data used in the research is based on interviews conducted by the Moroccan coach prior and during the World Cup. Using a discourse analysis of the linguistic behavior of Reggragui, this paper shows how the linguistic behavior of Reggragui provided support for the three psychological needs: sense of belonging, competence, and autonomy. As any CDA research, this paper uses a triangulated theoretical framework that includes language, cognition and society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20discourse%20analysis" title="critical discourse analysis">critical discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation%20theory" title=" motivation theory"> motivation theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discursive%20psychology" title=" discursive psychology"> discursive psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20behavior" title=" linguistic behavior"> linguistic behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163874/a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-the-impact-of-the-linguistic-behavior-of-the-soccer-moroccan-coach-in-light-of-motivation-theory-and-discursive-psychology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Identification of a Novel Maize Dehydration-Responsive Gene with a Potential Role in Improving Maize Drought Tolerance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyle%20Phillips">Kyle Phillips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ndiko%20Ludidi"> Ndiko Ludidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global climate change has resulted in altered rainfall patterns, which has resulted in annual losses in maize crop yields due to drought. Therefore it is important to produce maize cultivars that are more drought-tolerant, which is not an easily accomplished task as plants have a plethora of physical and biochemical adaptation methods. One such mechanism is the drought-induced expression of enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins which assist plants to resist the effects of drought on their growth and development. One of these proteins is AtRD22 which has been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using an in silico approach, a maize protein with 48% sequence homology to AtRD22 has been identified. This protein appears to be localized in the extracellular matrix, similarly to AtRD22. Promoter analysis of the encoding gene reveals cis-acting elements suggestive of induction of the gene’s expression by abscisic acid (ABA). Semi-quantitative transcriptomic analysis of the putative maize RD22 has revealed an increase in transcript levels after the exposure to drought. Current work elucidates the effect of up-regulation and silencing of the maize RD22 gene on the tolerance of maize to drought. The potential role of the maize RD22 gene in maize drought tolerance can be used as a tool to improve food security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abscisic%20acid" title="abscisic acid">abscisic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought-responsive%20cis-acting%20elements" title=" drought-responsive cis-acting elements"> drought-responsive cis-acting elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize%20drought%20tolerance" title=" maize drought tolerance"> maize drought tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RD22" title=" RD22"> RD22</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24320/identification-of-a-novel-maize-dehydration-responsive-gene-with-a-potential-role-in-improving-maize-drought-tolerance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> How Do Sports Positively Affect Students’ Mental Health in Post-secondary Education Programs: Research Proposal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zachary%20Smith">Zachary Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riette%20Bloomfield"> Riette Bloomfield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taylor%20Dukate"> Taylor Dukate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Halterman"> Joshua Halterman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noah%20Phillips"> Noah Phillips</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> College students have stressful lives, classes, work, and home life; it all adds up to anxiety and stress. Most students can manage the stress, but some can’t and need help. Mental health issues are on the rise among college-age students, which could lead to other health issues, depression, or even suicidal thoughts. There needs to be an outlet for these students, and one suggestion is participating in sports or exercise/recreation activities. “Strong body, strong mind” is a concept that has been researched for many decades now. While that has been preached, depression and anxiety have still been at an all-time high in college students within the last five years. College students are expected to stay on top of their academic coursework, obtain and keep relationships, adjust to living independently, and economic strain. As p oor mental health becomes inherent, struggles academically, dropping out of school, becoming involved in immoral situations, or as far as committing suicide, can be seen shortly after. This research proposal examines the positive impact of sports on students' mental health in post-secondary education programs. The study aims to investigate how participation in college sports can alleviate stress, anxiety, and depression, improve mood and focus, and contribute to better academic performance. With the increasing prevalence of mental health issues among college students and the growing emphasis on mental health awareness, this research is significant for understanding and managing collegiate sports programs. Overall, sports help with mental and physical health for all ages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title="mental health">mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports" title=" sports"> sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college%20students" title=" college students"> college students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recreation%20programs" title=" recreation programs"> recreation programs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166382/how-do-sports-positively-affect-students-mental-health-in-post-secondary-education-programs-research-proposal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">44</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Effectiveness of an Attachment-Based Intervention on Child Cognitive Development: Preliminary Analyses of a 12-Month Follow-Up</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Baudry">Claire Baudry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Pearson"> Jessica Pearson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura-Emilie%20Savage"> Laura-Emilie Savage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Tarbulsy"> George Tarbulsy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Over the last decade, researchers have implemented attachment-based interventions to promote parental interactive sensitivity and child development among vulnerable families. In the context of the present study, these interventions have been shown to be effective to enhance cognitive development when child outcome was measured shortly after the intervention. Objectives: The goal of the study was to investigate the effects of an attachment-based intervention on child cognitive development one year post-intervention. Methods: Thirty-five mother-child dyads referred by Child Protective Services in the province of Québec, Canada, were included in this study: 21 dyads who received 6 to 8 intervention sessions and 14 dyads not exposed to the intervention and matched for the following variables: duration of child protective services, reason for involvement with child protection, age, sex and family status. Child cognitive development was measured using the WPPSI-IV, 12 months after the end of the intervention when the average age of children was 54 months old. Findings: An independent-samples t-test was conducted to compare the scores obtained on the WPPSI-IV for the two groups. In general, no differences were observed between the two groups. There was a significant difference on the fluid reasoning scale between children exposed to the intervention (M = 95,13, SD = 16,67) and children not exposed (M = 81, SD = 9,90). T (23) = -2,657; p= .014 (IC :-25.13;3.12). This difference was found only for children aged between 48 and 92 months old. Other results did not show any significant difference between the two groups (Global IQ or subscales). Conclusions: This first set of analyses suggest that relatively little effects of attachment-based intervention remain on the level of cognitive functioning 12-months post-intervention. It is possible that the significant findings concerning fluid reasoning may be pertinent in that fluid reasoning is linked to the capacity to analyse, to solve problems, and remember information, which may be important for promoting school readiness. As the study is completed and as more information is gained from other assessments of cognitive and socioemotional outcome, a clearer picture of the potential moderate-term impact of attachment-based intervention will emerge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachment-based%20intervention" title="attachment-based intervention">attachment-based intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20development" title=" child development"> child development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20protective%20services" title=" child protective services"> child protective services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20development" title=" cognitive development"> cognitive development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99258/effectiveness-of-an-attachment-based-intervention-on-child-cognitive-development-preliminary-analyses-of-a-12-month-follow-up" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Exchange Rate, Market Size and Human Capital Nexus Foreign Direct Investment: A Bound Testing Approach for Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Iqbal%20Chaudhry">Naveed Iqbal Chaudhry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mian%20Saqib%20Mehmood"> Mian Saqib Mehmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Mehmood"> Asif Mehmood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the motivators of foreign direct investment (FDI) which will provide a panacea tool and ground breaking results related to it in case of Pakistan. The study considers exchange rate, market size and human capital as the motivators for attracting FDI. In this regard, time series data on annual basis has been collected for the period 1985–2010 and an Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) and Phillips–Perron (PP) unit root tests are utilized to determine the stationarity of the variables. A bound testing approach to co-integration was applied because the variables included in the model are at I(1) – first level stationary. The empirical findings of this study confirm the long run relationship among the variables. However, market size and human capital have strong positive and significant impact, in short and long-run, for attracting FDI but exchange rate shows negative impact in this regard. The significant negative coefficient of the ECM indicates that it converges towards equilibrium. CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests plots are with in the lines of critical value, which indicates the stability of the estimated parameters. However, this model can be used by Pakistan in policy and decision making. For achieving higher economic growth and economies of scale, the country should concentrate on the ingredients of this study so that it could attract more FDI as compared to the other countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARDL" title="ARDL">ARDL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CUSUM%20and%20CUSUMSQ%20tests" title=" CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests"> CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECM" title=" ECM"> ECM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20rate" title=" exchange rate"> exchange rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FDI" title=" FDI"> FDI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20capital" title=" human capital"> human capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20size" title=" market size"> market size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13430/exchange-rate-market-size-and-human-capital-nexus-foreign-direct-investment-a-bound-testing-approach-for-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Medicinal Plants and Arbuscular mycorrhizal Colonization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammani%20K.">Ammani K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glory%20M."> Glory M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Demands of traditional herbal medicines are increasing day by day over the world. Considering the growing demand of medicinal plants in curative treatments and the role of VAM fungi in augmentation of the production of active secondary metabolites by the medicinal plants, the present work has been undertaken to survey the mycorrhizal status in 30 different medicinal plants belonging to various families from Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh. The roots were collected carefully and stained by the Phillips & Hayman technique. Basing on the occurrence of vesicles and arbuscules, categorized into four grades; Excellent: mycelia, vesicles or arbuscules present more than 75% of root bits, Good: mycelia, vesicles or arbuscules present 50-75% in surface of root bits, moderate: mycelia, vesicles or arbuscules present 25-50% in surface of root bits, and poor: mycelia, vesicles or arbuscules present 1-25% in surface of root bits. The study reveals that the roots of all plants were colonized by AM fungi. Percentage of root colonization by AM fungi was more in Aloe vera, Phylanthus emblica, Azadiracta indica and least in plants such as Aerva lanata, Vinca rosea, Crotalaria verrucosa among the 30 medicinal plants in present study. The enhancement of growth and vigour and increased production of bioactive compounds of the medicinal plants is desirable which may be achieved by inoculation of the roots with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. There is a steady increase in the cultivation of medicinal plants to maintain a steady supply to support the increasing demand but corresponding researches of VAM fungi and their association in medicinal plants have received very little attention as compared to the studies on forest species and field crops. So a vast research on this field is necessary for a better tomorrow. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arbuscular%20mycorrhizae" title="Arbuscular mycorrhizae">Arbuscular mycorrhizae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonization" title=" colonization"> colonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=categories" title=" categories"> categories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title=" medicinal plants"> medicinal plants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35465/medicinal-plants-and-arbuscular-mycorrhizal-colonization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35465.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Depictions of Human Cannibalism and the Challenge They Pose to the Understanding of Animal Rights</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Desmond%20F.%20Bellamy">Desmond F. Bellamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Discourses about animal rights usually assume an ontological abyss between human and animal. This supposition of non-animality allows us to utilise and exploit non-humans, particularly those with commercial value, with little regard for their rights or interests. We can and do confine them, inflict painful treatments such as castration and branding, and slaughter them at an age determined only by financial considerations. This paper explores the way images and texts depicting human cannibalism reflect this deprivation of rights back onto our species and examines how this offers new perspectives on our granting or withholding of rights to farmed animals. The animals we eat – sheep, pigs, cows, chickens and a small handful of other species – are during processing de-animalised, turned into commodities, and made unrecognisable as formerly living beings. To do the same to a human requires the cannibal to enact another step – humans must first be considered as animals before they can be commodified or de-animalised. Different iterations of cannibalism in a selection of fiction and non-fiction texts will be considered: survivalism (necessitated by catastrophe or dystopian social collapse), the primitive savage of colonial discourses, and the inhuman psychopath. Each type of cannibalism shows alternative ways humans can be animalised and thereby dispossessed of both their human and animal rights. Human rights, summarised in the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights as ‘life, liberty, and security of person’ are stubbornly denied to many humans, and are refused to virtually all farmed non-humans. How might this paradigm be transformed by seeing the animal victim replaced by an animalised human? People are fascinated as well as repulsed by cannibalism, as demonstrated by the upsurge of films on the subject in the last few decades. Cannibalism is, at its most basic, about envisaging and treating humans as objects: meat. It is on the dinner plate that the abyss between human and ‘animal’ is most challenged. We grasp at a conscious level that we are a species of animal and may become, if in the wrong place (e.g., shark-infested water), ‘just food’. Culturally, however, strong traditions insist that humans are much more than ‘just meat’ and deserve a better fate than torment and death. The billions of animals on death row awaiting human consumption would ask the same if they could. Depictions of cannibalism demonstrate in graphic ways that humans are animals, made of meat and that we can also be butchered and eaten. These depictions of us as having the same fleshiness as non-human animals reminds us that they have the same capacities for pain and pleasure as we do. Depictions of cannibalism, therefore, unconsciously aid in deconstructing the human/animal binary and give a unique glimpse into the often unnoticed repudiation of animal rights. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20rights" title="animal rights">animal rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cannibalism" title=" cannibalism"> cannibalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%2Fanimal%20binary" title=" human/animal binary"> human/animal binary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=objectification" title=" objectification"> objectification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99122/depictions-of-human-cannibalism-and-the-challenge-they-pose-to-the-understanding-of-animal-rights" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Discussion of Blackness in Wrestling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Michael%20Crozier">Jason Michael Crozier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The wrestling territories of the mid-twentieth century in the United States are widely considered the birthplace of modern professional wrestling, and by many professional wrestlers, to be a beacon of hope for the easing of racial tensions during the civil rights era and beyond. The performers writing on this period speak of racial equality but fail to acknowledge the exploitation of black athletes as a racialized capital commodity who suffered the challenges of systemic racism, codified by a false narrative of aspirational exceptionalism and equality measured by audience diversity. The promoters’ ability to equate racial and capital exploitation with equality leads to a broader discussion of the history of Muscular Christianity in the United States and the exploitation of black bodies. Narratives of racial erasure that dominate the historical discourse when examining athleticism and exceptionalism redefined how blackness existed and how physicality and race are conceived of in sport and entertainment spaces. When discussing the implications of race and professional wrestling, it is important to examine the role of promotions as ‘imagined communities’ where the social agency of wrestlers is defined and quantified based on their ‘desired elements’ as a performer. The intentionally vague nature of this language masks a deep history of racialization that has been perpetuated by promoters and never fully examined by scholars. Sympathetic racism and the omission of cultural identity are also key factors in the limitations and racial barriers placed upon black athletes in the squared circle. The use of sympathetic racism within professional wrestling during the twentieth century defined black athletes into two distinct categorizations, the ‘black savage’ or the ‘black minstrel’. Black wrestlers of the twentieth century were defined by their strength as a capital commodity and their physicality rather than their knowledge of the business and in-ring skill. These performers had little agency in their ability to shape their own character development inside and outside the ring. Promoters would often create personas that heavily racialized the performer by tying them to a regional past or memory, such as that of slavery in the deep south using dog collar matches and adoring black characters in chains. Promoters softened cultural memory by satirizing the historic legacy of slavery and the black identity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sympathetic%20racism" title="sympathetic racism">sympathetic racism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20agency" title=" social agency"> social agency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racial%20commodification" title=" racial commodification"> racial commodification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stereotyping" title=" stereotyping "> stereotyping </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135823/discussion-of-blackness-in-wrestling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135823.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads 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