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2007","datePublished":"2020-12-01T12:29:07+01:00","dateModified":"2020-12-01T12:29:07+01:00","copyrightYear":2025,"description":"La tasa de paro en el tercer trimestre llega al 18,39% en las mujeres, cuatro puntos por encima de la de los hombres","articleBody":"La crisis sanitaria y económica del coronavirus ha disparado la brecha en el empleo hasta máximos que no se veían desde los años previos a la crisis financiera de 2008, según los datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) analizados por BBVA Research en el informe Diversidad de género y formación, presentado este martes. A cierre del tercer trimestre de 2020, según los números de Estadística, la tasa de paro de las mujeres era del 18,39%, exactamente cuatro puntos porcentuales por encima de la de los hombres (14,39%). Aunque las respectivas tasas de desempleo han estado en algunas ocasiones casi a cuatro puntos de distancia nunca han llegado hasta este extremo, y hay que remontarse hasta el tercer trimestre de 2007 para ver una diferencia mayor (6,25% ellos y 10,39 ellas). Entre 2002 y 2004, la brecha llegó a ser en algunos trimestres de más de ocho puntos porcentuales, y fue disminuyendo a partir de la crisis de 2008, cuando la genérica llegó a superar el 26% en 2013. En este aumento de la brecha ha sido clave el cambio del segundo al tercer trimestre en el empleo. De uno a otro periodo, la tasa de desempleo en los varones creció apenas unas décimas y pasó del 14,13% al 14,39%. Por su parte, la de las mujeres del 16,72% al 18,39%, casi dos puntos porcentuales. Como primera aproximación, recoge el informe de BBVA, la crisis sanitaria y económica ha golpeado con fuerza al mercado laboral español. Sin embargo, el número de mujeres ocupadas ha retrocedido algo más que el de hombres entre octubre de 2019 y junio de 2020, y la recuperación del empleo en el tercer trimestre de 2020 ha sido ligeramente mayor entre ellos, ampliando la diferencia de género. Según datos del INE, «la difícil situación económica ha supuesto una pérdida de empleo del 18,5% en el segundo trimestre de 2020» en términos interanuales y del 5,7% en el tercer trimestre de 2020, explica el informe. Sin embargo, esta caída no se ha comportado de igual forma entre hombres y mujeres, según se desprende de los datos por género. De esta forma, el Covid-19 «ha generado un descenso muy brusco del número de ocupados durante el primer semestre de 2020, más fuerte en las mujeres que en los hombres”, ha explicado Alfonso Arellano, autor del estudio. El economista de BBVA Research ha expuesto cómo “la recuperación del empleo vivida del segundo al tercer trimestre del año ha sido algo mayor en hombres que en mujeres, ampliando la brecha de género». Parte de la explicación radica en que «más del 50% del empleo de las mujeres» se concentra en cuatro sectores: comercio, hostelería, educación y servicios sanitarios y sociales, directamente implicados en el impacto de la pandemia”, afirma Arellano. Y aunque por el momento el Covid-19 mantiene la representatividad de hombres y mujeres en los sectores en su conjunto, sí se observa un efecto composición en las mujeres ocupadas, que reducen su peso en la hostelería frente a una subida en las actividades sanitarias y de servicios sociales. Son precisamente los sectores con peor comportamiento en términos de empleo los que más han aumentado la representatividad de las mujeres. El análisis de BBVA también analiza el peso de la educación en las oportunidades de encontrar y mantener el empleo. Así, recoge el informe, las diferencias de representatividad entre población y ocupación se reducen con la formación, que tiene mayor importancia en las mujeres, «pues comparando las diferencias de género en la tasa de paro, estas se reducen con el nivel de educación». Esto indica, afirma el economista, que la educación se convierte en un elemento diferenciador para los trabajadores, muy especialmente para las mujeres”. Mientras que la brecha de género en el grupo de analfabetos es de 19,55 puntos porcentuales, esta se reduce hasta 1,2 puntos para la educación superior.","keywords":["Roles de género","Paro mujer","Crisis económica coronavirus Covid-19","Desempleo","Coronavirus Covid-19","Crisis económica","Pandemia","Coronavirus","Recesión económica","Empleo","Coyuntura económica","Virología","Epidemia","Enfermedades infecciosas","Sexualidad","Relaciones género","Mujeres","Microbiología","Medicina","Trabajo","Sociedad","Biología","Salud","Ciencias naturales","Ciencia"],"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pablo Sempere","url":"https://cincodias.elpais.com/autor/pablo-sempere-de-la-plata/"}],"articleSection":"Economía","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":["WebPage","ItemPage"],"@id":"https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2020/12/01/economia/1606820197_282796.html","name":"El Covid-19 dispara la brecha de género en el empleo hasta máximos desde el año 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title="Economía" class="cs_t_l _db">Economía</a></span></div><nav class="cs_m"><div class="sm _df"><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/noticias/vivienda/" class="">Vivienda</a><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/noticias/empleo/" class="">Empleo</a><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/noticias/impuestos/" class="">Impuestos</a><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/noticias/politica/" class="">Política</a><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/ultimas-noticias/" class="">Últimas noticias</a><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/ultimas-noticias/" class="">Últimas noticias</a></div></nav></div></div></div></header><article class="a _g _g-lg _g-o"><header class="a_e _g _g-xs"><div class="a_e_txt _df"><div class="a_k _df"><a class="a_k_n" href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/noticias/empleo/">Mercado laboral</a></div><h1 class="a_t">El Covid-19 dispara la brecha de género en el empleo hasta máximos desde el año 2007</h1><h2 class="a_st">La tasa de paro en el tercer trimestre llega al 18,39% en las mujeres, cuatro puntos por encima de la de los hombres</h2></div><div class="a_e_m"><div class="raw_html"><div><iframe title="Tasa de paro de hombres y mujeres en España" aria-label="Interactive line chart" id="datawrapper-chart-orXGa" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/orXGa/1/" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;" height="600"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">!function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var e in a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var t=document.getElementById("datawrapper-chart-"+e)||document.querySelector("iframe[src*='"+e+"']");t&&(t.style.height=a.data["datawrapper-height"][e]+"px")}}))}(); </script></div></div></div></header><div class="a_md _g _g-xs "><figure class="a_md_i a_m-h c_m--nf"><span class="a_m_w _db"><img alt="Pablo Sempere" decoding="auto" class="_re lazyload a_m-h" height="100" width="100" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Fprisa%2F964e91e1-b950-4708-a92d-a4802dac399f.png?auth=5f68d4a164b8782af2e315ecf83ffd56eaac29c596c1cb780fdaf8052da4483e&width=100&height=100&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></span></figure><div class="a_md_txt"><div class="a_md_a" data-dtm-region="articulo_firma"><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/autor/pablo-sempere-de-la-plata/#?rel=author_top" title="Ver todas las noticias de Pablo Sempere" class="a_md_a_n">Pablo Sempere</a></div><div class="a_md_f"><span>Madrid - <a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/hemeroteca/2020-12-01/" data-date="2020-12-01T12:29:07+01:00"><time data-date="2020-12-01T12:29:07+01:00" dateTime="2020-12-01T12:29:07+01:00" id="article_date_p">01 dic 2020 - 12:29<abbr title="Central European Time">CET</abbr></time></a></span></div><div class="w_rs" data-dtm-region="articulo_botonera-social"><div class="w_rs_i"><a class="_btn hidden" 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href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcincodias.elpais.com%2Fcincodias%2F2020%2F12%2F01%2Feconomia%2F1606820197_282796.html%3Fssm=LK_CC" data-param-description="El Covid-19 dispara la brecha de género en el empleo hasta máximos desde el año 2007" data-param-href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2020/12/01/economia/1606820197_282796.html" data-param-text="El Covid-19 dispara la brecha de género en el empleo hasta máximos desde el año 2007" data-param-url="https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2020/12/01/economia/1606820197_282796.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-share-track-dtm="linkedin" id="btn_share_linkedin_983"><svg class="icon_social_linkedin" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><title>Linkedin</title><use xlink:href="#svg-linkedin"></use></svg></a></div><div class="w_rs_i"><a class="_btn rs_l" href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2020/12/01/economia/1606820197_282796.html#?prm=copy_link" data-share-track-dtm="copiar_url" id="btn_share_link_67"><svg class="icon_social_link" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><title>Copiar enlace</title><use xlink:href="#svg-link"></use></svg></a></div></div></div></div><div class="a_c clearfix" data-dtm-region="articulo_cuerpo"><p class="">La crisis sanitaria y económica del coronavirus ha disparado la brecha en el empleo hasta máximos que no se veían desde los años previos a la crisis financiera de 2008, según los datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) analizados por BBVA Research en el informe <em>Diversidad de género y formación</em>, presentado este martes. A cierre del tercer trimestre de 2020, según los números de Estadística, la tasa de paro de las mujeres era del 18,39%, exactamente cuatro puntos porcentuales por encima de la de los hombres (14,39%).</p><p class="">Aunque las respectivas tasas de desempleo han estado en algunas ocasiones casi a cuatro puntos de distancia nunca han llegado hasta este extremo, y hay que remontarse hasta el tercer trimestre de 2007 para ver una diferencia mayor (6,25% ellos y 10,39 ellas). Entre 2002 y 2004, la brecha llegó a ser en algunos trimestres de más de ocho puntos porcentuales, y fue disminuyendo a partir de la crisis de 2008, cuando la genérica llegó a superar el 26% en 2013.</p><section class="a_mi" data-dtm-region="articulo_lista-apoyo"><header class="a_mi_t">Más información</header><div><a class="a_mi_e _db" href="https://elpais.com/cincodias/2020/10/29/economia/1603972910_026162.html#?rel=listaapoyo">Los titulados en campus privados salen al mercado laboral con menos paro y más sueldo</a></div><div><a class="a_mi_e _db" href="https://elpais.com/cincodias/2020/11/26/economia/1606395383_649961.html#?rel=listaapoyo">Los contagios de Covid del personal no sanitario de centros sociosanitarios ya no son accidente de trabajo</a></div><div><a class="a_mi_e _db" href="https://elpais.com/cincodias/2020/11/25/economia/1606302712_770345.html#?rel=listaapoyo">Los convenios podrán incluir porcentajes de presencialidad para teletrabajadores</a></div></section><p class="">En este aumento de la brecha ha sido clave el cambio del segundo al tercer trimestre en el empleo. De uno a otro periodo, la tasa de desempleo en los varones creció apenas unas décimas y pasó del 14,13% al 14,39%. Por su parte, la de las mujeres del 16,72% al 18,39%, casi dos puntos porcentuales.</p><p class="">Como primera aproximación, recoge el informe de BBVA, <span>la crisis sanitaria y económica ha golpeado con fuerza al mercado laboral español. Sin embargo, el número de mujeres ocupadas ha retrocedido algo más que el de hombres entre octubre de 2019 y junio de 2020, y la recuperación del empleo en el tercer trimestre de 2020 ha sido ligeramente mayor entre ellos, ampliando la diferencia de género.</span></p><p class=""><span><span>Según datos del INE, "la difícil situación económica ha supuesto una pérdida de empleo del 18,5% en el segundo trimestre de 2020" en términos interanuales y del 5,7% en el tercer trimestre de 2020, explica el informe. Sin embargo, esta caída no se ha comportado de igual forma entre hombres y mujeres, según se desprende de los datos por género.</span></span></p><p class=""><span><span>De esta forma, <span>el Covid-19 "ha generado un descenso muy brusco del número de ocupados durante el primer semestre de 2020, más fuerte en las mujeres que en los hombres”, ha explicado Alfonso Arellano, autor del estudio. El economista de BBVA Research ha expuesto cómo “la recuperación del empleo vivida del segundo al tercer trimestre del año ha sido algo mayor en hombres que en mujeres, ampliando la brecha de género".</span></span></span></p><p class="">Parte de la explicación radica en que "más del 50% del empleo de las mujeres" se concentra en cuatro sectores: comercio, hostelería, educación y servicios sanitarios y sociales, "directamente implicados en el impacto de la pandemia”, afirma Arellano. Y aunque por el momento el Covid-19 mantiene la representatividad de hombres y mujeres en los sectores en su conjunto, sí se observa un efecto composición en las mujeres ocupadas, que reducen su peso en la hostelería frente a una subida en las actividades sanitarias y de servicios sociales. Son precisamente los sectores con peor comportamiento en términos de empleo los que más han aumentado la representatividad de las mujeres.</p><p class="">El análisis de BBVA también <span>analiza el peso de la educación en las oportunidades de encontrar y mantener el empleo. Así, recoge el informe, las diferencias de representatividad entre población y ocupación se reducen con la formación, que tiene mayor importancia en las mujeres, "</span>pues comparando las diferencias de género en la tasa de paro, estas se reducen con el nivel de educación". Esto indica, afirma el economista, "que la educación se convierte en un elemento diferenciador para los trabajadores, muy especialmente para las mujeres”. Mientras que la brecha de género en el grupo de analfabetos es de 19,55 puntos porcentuales, esta se reduce hasta 1,2 puntos para la educación superior.</p></div><section class="w w-sea"><h3 class="w_t">Sobre la firma</h3><div class="w_b"><div class="_g _g-xs"><figure class="w-sea_f a_m-h c_m--nf"><span class="a_m_w _db"><img alt="Pablo Sempere" decoding="auto" class="_re lazyload a_m-h" height="100" width="100" src="https://imagenes.elpais.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Fprisa%2F964e91e1-b950-4708-a92d-a4802dac399f.png?auth=5f68d4a164b8782af2e315ecf83ffd56eaac29c596c1cb780fdaf8052da4483e&width=100&height=100&smart=true" loading="lazy"/></span></figure><div class="w-sea_txt"><div class="_df"><div class="w-sea_txt_na"><a href="https://cincodias.elpais.com/autor/pablo-sempere-de-la-plata/" rel="autor_bottom">Pablo Sempere</a></div></div><button class="btn btn-6" id="authorBiographyBtn">Ver biografía<svg class="icon_arrow_toggle_down" viewBox="0 0 10 6"><use xlink:href="#svg-toggle-down"></use></svg></button><div class="w-sea_txt_da _dn">Es redactor en la sección de Economía de CINCO DÍAS y EL PAÍS y está especializado en Hacienda. Escribe habitualmente de fiscalidad, finanzas públicas y financiación autonómica. Es graduado en Periodismo por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.</div></div></div></div></section><aside class="w w-fid"><div class="w_t"></div><div class="w_b"><div class="w-fid_t"><a href="https://plus.elpais.com/newsletters/lnp/1/475/#?prm=not_newsletters_empresa" title="El análisis de la actualidad económica y las noticias financieras más relevantes">El análisis de la actualidad económica y las noticias financieras más relevantes</a></div><div class="w-fid_s"><div class="w_rs"><div class="w_rs_i"><a class="_btn" href="https://www.facebook.com/Cincodias/" rel="nofollow"><svg class="icon_social_facebook" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><title>Facebook</title><use xlink:href="#svg-facebook"></use></svg></a></div><div class="w_rs_i"><a class="_btn" href="https://twitter.com/CincoDiascom" rel="nofollow"><svg class="icon_social_twitter" viewBox="0 0 26 26"><title>Twitter</title><use xlink:href="#svg-twitter"></use></svg></a></div></div></div></div></aside><section class="w w-ae" data-dtm-region="articulo_archivado-en"><h3 class="w_t">Archivado En</h3><div class="w_b"><button id="openTagsBtn" class="btn btn-i" aria-label="Desplegar etiquetas"><svg class="icon_arrow_toggle_down" viewBox="0 0 10 6"><use xlink:href="#svg-toggle-down"></use></svg></button><ul class="w_ul w_ul--mh _df _ls"><li><a href="/noticias/roles-sexuales/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Roles de género</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/paro-mujer/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Paro mujer</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/crisis-economica-coronavirus-covid-19/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Crisis económica coronavirus covid-19</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/desempleo/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Desempleo</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/covid-19/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Coronavirus Covid-19</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/crisis-economica/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Crisis económica</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/pandemia/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pandemia</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/coronavirus/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Coronavirus</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/recesion-economica/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Recesión económica</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/empleo/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Empleo</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/coyuntura-economica/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Coyuntura económica</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/virologia/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Virología</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/epidemia/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Epidemia</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/enfermedades-infecciosas/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Enfermedades infecciosas</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/sexualidad/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sexualidad</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/relaciones-genero/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Relaciones género</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/mujeres/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mujeres</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/microbiologia/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Microbiología</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/medicina/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Medicina</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/trabajo/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Trabajo</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/sociedad/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sociedad</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/biologia/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Biología</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/salud/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Salud</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/ciencias-naturales/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ciencias naturales</a></li><li><a href="/noticias/ciencia/#?rel=arch" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ciencia</a></li></ul></div></section><aside class="a_tp _df"><div class="a_tp_txt"><span class="a_tp_t">Se adhiere a los criterios de</span><figure class="a_m a_m-h c_m--nf"><a class="a_tp_i _dib" href="https://elpais.com/estaticos/que-es-the-trust-project/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow"><img alt="The Trust Project" decoding="auto" class=" lazyload a_m-h" height="20" width="117" src="https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/the-trust-project.svg" loading="lazy"/></a></figure><a class="a_tp_mi" href="https://elpais.com/estaticos/codigo-etico/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Más información<svg class="" viewBox="0 0 4 4"><use xlink:href="#svg-flecha-abajo"></use></svg></a></div><div class="a_tp_si">Si está interesado en licenciar este contenido, pinche <a class="a_tp_si_l" href="https://profesional.elpais.com/landing-sindicacion#contacto-section" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">aquí</a></div></aside><aside class="outbrain obne_ob"><div id="taboola-below-article-thumbnails"></div><script type="text/javascript"> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; 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