CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-us" lang="en-us" > <head> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.icomoon.io/2584/MCFrontEnd/style-cf.css?p279bq"> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:400,700' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,700;1,300;1,400;1,700&family=Open+Sans:ital,wght@0,300;0,400;0,700;1,300;1,400;1,700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={xpid:"VQ4EWF5RChABVlFaAAcGV1E=",licenseKey:"5b403e9444",applicationID:"120876115"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-full-1.283.2.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>p,xN:()=>g});var n=r(3333);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MARKS)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MEASURES)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.RESOURCES)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.283.2",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>u,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>f,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>l,m:()=>c,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>d});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=""+a?.location,u=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),d=u&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),f=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)g(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function g(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:g,addEventListener:g,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=p(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var g=v()[s[e]];g&&g.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:p,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function g(e,t){n[e]=p(e).concat(t)}function p(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",g)}function g(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),c&&h(c.prototype,f),h(a.gm,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9414:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{J:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(2646),o=r(944),a=r(3434);const s=new Map;function c(e,t,r,c){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,o.R)(29);const u=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("logger")}(e),d=(0,a.YM)(u),l=new i.y(n.P);l.level=c.level,l.customAttributes=c.customAttributes;const f=t[r]?.[a.Jt]||t[r];return s.set(f,l),d.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>s.get(f))),u}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$v:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,kd:()=>c,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3,c=["PageAction","UserAction","BrowserPerformance"],u={MARKS:"experimental.marks",MEASURES:"experimental.measures",RESOURCES:"experimental.resources"}},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A$:()=>o,ET:()=>a,TZ:()=>s,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o={OFF:0,ERROR:1,WARN:2,INFO:3,DEBUG:4,TRACE:5},a="log",s=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(8154),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},8154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{z_:()=>o,XG:()=>s,TZ:()=>n,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a});r(6154),r(9566),r(384);const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},8969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>N});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(8154),h=r(384),g=r(6344);const p=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",g.G4.RECORD,g.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),R=r(3785),x=r(9414);function w(){const e=(0,h.pV)();p.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var A=r(9417),T=r(5603),_=r(5284);const S=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function N(e,t={},p,N){let{init:I,info:P,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=p;const H=(0,h.pV)();P||(I=H.init,P=H.info,j=H.loader_config),(0,A.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,I||{}),(0,T.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),P.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(P.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,P);const D=(0,A.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),L=[P.beacon,P.errorBeacon];O||(D.proxy.assets&&(S(D.proxy.assets),L.push(D.proxy.assets)),D.proxy.beacon&&L.push(D.proxy.beacon),w(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",_.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===D.soft_navigations.enabled&&D.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...D.ajax.deny_list||[],...D.ajax.block_internal?L:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const p={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(g.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var T="api-",_=T+"ixn-";function S(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(T,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}p.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,R.R)(w,e,t,r)},p.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,x.J)(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{p[e]=I(T,e,!0,"api")})),p.addPageAction=I(T,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),p.recordCustomEvent=I(T,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),p.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(T,"setPageViewName",!0)()},p.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return S(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},p.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return S("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},p.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return S("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},p.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},p[g.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(g.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},p[g.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(g.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},p.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const N=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),h||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(891).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{N[e]=I(_,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),p.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(T,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),p.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),p}(e.agentIdentifier,N,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({95:"nr-full-compressor",222:"nr-full-recorder",891:"nr-full"}[e]+"-1.283.2.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.283.2.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={891:"sha512-AvZhj4m+h2B/1kW4uDUzuPHC+lkjrkdXalVNoHyJgrLk7a6iFKNSNge7GsIL8eYZ8zTqKuhnzCa4dbxc+tpeJg==",222:"sha512-iYC8/IszvScsGAJc4YhoK3/RRrYa8Dt4Fx0dMjiPRd/wiJ6bquHHgDpmIPMTULY5f17ZfijdRyIltFMjbQG0ow==",95:"sha512-7nJqBsE9e2w0waUpifeNh5JejezdrAgWS7deetz7SIxIxShxOUsURVpMXZJN4ksOcpN2m3fdUCnna/VQ/1fKoQ=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(g);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},g=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={85:0,959:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.283.2.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.283.2.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(8969);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),g=i(6154),p=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};g.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,p.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class R extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var x=i(384);var w=i(9908),E=i(2843),A=i(3878),T=i(782),_=i(1863);class S extends b{static featureName=T.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.T,t),g.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,w.p)("docHidden",[(0,_.t)()],void 0,T.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,w.p)("winPagehide",[(0,_.t)()],void 0,T.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(8154);class N extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return D(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(D(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function H(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return D(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function D(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class L extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",((e,t)=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,_.t)(),!0,{},this.#r,t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),g.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[k(e),(0,_.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),g.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[H(e),(0,_.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===g.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(void 0===g.gm.XMLHttpRequest)return n;if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=g.gm.MutationObserver,s=g.gm.Promise,c=g.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(p?p.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var p=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=g.gm.Request,ee=g.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&g.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(g.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof g.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,x.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,x.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,w.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};g.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};ge(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=x,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){E(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),g.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},ge(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,_.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,_.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function p(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,_.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,_.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&g.RI&&(t=""+g.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:g.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,_.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:g.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),ge(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function R(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,_.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,_.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function x(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,_.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):E(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function E(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,w.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",p),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",R)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function ge(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const pe={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!g.RI||pe[t.debugId]++||(pe[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:Re,d3:xe,Kp:we,TZ:Ee,Lc:Ae,uP:Te,Rz:_e}=be;class Se extends b{static featureName=Ee;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ee,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Te,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,_.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,w.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,_.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(_e+xe,(function(e){this.time=(0,_.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(_e+we,(function(e){(0,w.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,w.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:Re,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class Ne extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,p.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,w.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,p.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(891),i.e(222)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee,agentRef:this.#o}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3333);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ie.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled,e.init.performance.resources.enabled];if(g.RI&&(e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(Ie.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),Ie.qN.forEach((e=>{const t=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),500,{leading:!0});(0,A.sp)(e,t)}))),e.init.performance.resources.enabled&&g.gm.PerformanceObserver?.supportedEntryTypes.includes("resource"))){new PerformanceObserver((e=>{e.getEntries().forEach((e=>{(0,w.p)("browserPerformance.resource",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}))})).observe({type:"resource",buffered:!0})}r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var je=i(993),Ce=i(3785),ke=i(9414);class He extends b{static featureName=je.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,je.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"log",{level:"info"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"error",{level:"error"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"warn",{level:"warn"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"info",{level:"info"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"debug",{level:"debug"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"trace",{level:"trace"}),this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,Ce.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),g.gm?(this.features={},(0,x.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,x.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,S,Se,Ne,he,N,L,Pe,He],loaderType:"pro"})})()})();</script> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow" /> <meta name="keywords" content="" /> <meta name="title" content="The Foundations Course" /> <meta name="author" content="International Ombuds Association Office" /> <meta name="description" content="The Foundations of Organizational Ombudsman Practice course covers the fundamentals being an organizational ombuds." /> <meta name="generator" content="MemberClicks Content Management System" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <title>The Foundations Course</title> <link href="/templates/marietta-jt/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" /> <style type="text/css"> ::-webkit-input-placeholder {color:inherit; opacity: 0.6} :-moz-placeholder {color:inherit;opacity:0.6} ::-moz-placeholder {color:inherit;opacity:0.6} :-ms-input-placeholder {color:inherit; opacity: 0.6} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/components/com_jevents/views/default/assets/css/new-jevents.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/js/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function($){ jQuery.fn.extend({ live: function (event, callback) { if (this.selector) { jQuery(document).on(event, this.selector, callback); } }, curCSS : function (element, attrib, val){ $(element).css(attrib, val); } }) })(jQuery); </script> <script type="text/javascript">jQuery.noConflict();</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/js/jquery-ui-custom-elvn-fr.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/js/jQueryUIDialogInclude.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/js/jquery.dataTables.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/js/jquery.tablednd-0.5.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/js/json2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/ui-v2/js/libs/underscore/underscore.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/css/themes/base/ui.all.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/css/jqueryui.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/includes/css/system-messages.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/plugins/system/mtupgrade/mootools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/includes/js/joomla.javascript.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/media/system/js/caption.js"></script> <script type='text/javascript'> /*<![CDATA[*/ var jax_live_site = 'https://www.ombudsassociation.org/index.php'; var jax_site_type = '1.5'; var jax_token_var = '45932ff39d1ae5aa4ffd38693a665ce0'; /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/plugins/system/pc_includes/ajax_1.3.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/media/system/css/modal.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/media/system/js/modal.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.addEvent("domready", function() { SqueezeBox.initialize({}); $$("a.modal").each(function(el) { el.addEvent("click", function(e) { new Event(e).stop(); SqueezeBox.fromElement(el); }); }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function() { var mcios = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().match(/(iphone|ipod|ipad)/); var supportsTouch = 'ontouchstart' in window || window.navigator.msMaxTouchPoints || navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().match(/(iemobile)/); if (mcios) { jQuery('#bkg').addClass('mc-touch mc-ios'); } else if (supportsTouch) { jQuery('#bkg').addClass('mc-touch non-ios'); } else { jQuery('#bkg').addClass('mc-no-touch'); } jQuery('#cToolbarNavList li:has(li)').addClass('parent'); }); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/system/css/general.css" type="text/css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/jmc-assets/nivo-slider-css/nivo-slider.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/jmc-assets/nivo-slider-css/nivo-themes/mc01/mc01.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/jmc-assets/nivo-slider-css/nivo-themes/mc02/mc02.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/marietta-jt/css/editor.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="/jmc-assets/global-js/hoverIntent.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/jmc-assets/global-js/jquery.nivo.slider.pack.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery('.socnets ul > li > a > span').each(function() { var socnetText = jQuery(this).text().toLowerCase(); jQuery(this).addClass('icon-'+socnetText); jQuery(this).parent('a').addClass(socnetText); }); jQuery('a#menu-toggle').bind('click', function(){ jQuery('#bkg').toggleClass('show-mobile'); }); jQuery('a#menu-toggle-x').bind('click', function(){ jQuery('#bkg.show-mobile').toggleClass('show-mobile'); }); jQuery('div.site-overlay').bind('click',function(){ jQuery('body.show-mobile').toggleClass('show-mobile'); }); }); </script> </head> <body id="bkg"> <div id="viewports"> <div id="phone-landscape"></div> <div id="tablet-portrait"></div> <div id="tablet-landscape"></div> </div> <a id="menu-toggle-x" class="icon-menu-x"></a> <div class="mobile-menu-top modules-2"> <div class="login-search-menu"> <div class="moduletable mc-search raw single-search"> <form action="/index.php?option=com_search" method="post" name="mod_search_form" class="mc-site-search-mod"> <div class="search mc-search raw single-search"> <input name="searchword" id="mod_search_searchword" alt="Search" class="inputbox inputbox mc-search raw single-search" type="text" size="20" value="" placeholder="Search our site..." onfocus="this.placeholder = ''" onblur="this.placeholder = 'Search our site...'" /><a href="#" class="test button mc-search raw single-search">Search</a> </div> <input type="hidden" name="task" value="search" /> <input type="hidden" name="option" value="com_search" /> <input type="hidden" name="45932ff39d1ae5aa4ffd38693a665ce0" value="1" /> </form> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('form.mc-site-search-mod').find('a').click(function(e){ e.preventDefault(); var mcSiteSearchText = jQuery(this).closest('form.mc-site-search-mod').find('input.inputbox').val(); if (mcSiteSearchText != ''){ jQuery(this).closest('form.mc-site-search-mod').submit(); } }); </script> </div> <div class="moduletable"> <a id='mcSimpleLogin' href='login'>Member Login</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-menu"><ul class="menu resp-menu"><li class="parent item181"><span class="separator"><span>About IOA</span></span><ul><li class="item207"><a href="/learn-about-our-organization"><span>About IOA</span></a></li><li class="item183"><a href="/ioa-board-of-directors"><span>Board of Directors</span></a></li><li class="item184"><a href="/ioa-committees-task-forces"><span>Committees & Task Forces</span></a></li><li class="item324"><a href="/ioa-regional-advancement-communities"><span>Regional Advancement Communities</span></a></li><li class="item185"><a href="/strategic-plan"><span>Strategic Plan</span></a></li><li class="item188"><a href="/standards-of-practice-code-of-ethics"><span>Standards of Practice & Code of Ethics</span></a></li><li class="item206"><a href="/ioa-faq"><span>Frequently Asked Questions</span></a></li><li class="item270"><a href="/contact-the-ioa-ombuds-ioa-s-ombuds-program-for-members"><span>IOA's Ombuds for Members</span></a></li><li class="item295"><a href="/ioa-values-and-norms"><span>IOA Values and Norms</span></a></li><li class="item299"><a href="/ioa-concern-and-complaint-policy"><span>IOA Concern and Complaint Policy</span></a></li><li class="item187"><a href="/contact-us"><span>Contact Us</span></a></li><li class="item314"><a href="https://www.ioaconference.org/become-a-sponsor" target="_blank"><span>Partnership Opportunities</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item170"><span class="separator"><span>About Ombuds</span></span><ul><li class="item178"><a href="/what-is-an-ombuds-"><span>What Is an Ombuds?</span></a></li><li class="item283"><a href="/creating-an-ombuds-office"><span>Creating an Ombuds Office</span></a></li><li class="item246"><a href="/how-do-i-become-an-ombuds-"><span>How Do I Become an Ombuds?</span></a></li><li class="item292"><a href="/why-should-my-organization-have-an-ombuds"><span>Why Should My Organization Have an Ombuds?</span></a></li><li class="item294"><a href="/how-do-i-hire-or-talk-to-an-ombuds-"><span>How Do I Hire or Talk to an Ombuds?</span></a></li><li class="item235"><a href="/annual-ombuds-day"><span>Annual Ombuds Day</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item123"><span class="separator"><span>Membership</span></span><ul><li class="item125"><a href="/membership-benefits"><span>Membership Benefits</span></a></li><li class="item127"><a href="/become-a-member"><span>Become a Member</span></a></li><li class="item199"><a href="/member-center"><span>Member Center</span></a></li><li class="item126"><a href="/renew-membership"><span>Renew Your Membership</span></a></li><li class="item245"><a href="/your-ioa-membership"><span>Your IOA Membership</span></a></li><li class="item271"><a href="/become-an-ioa-volunteer"><span>Volunteer</span></a></li><li class="parent item280"><span class="separator"><span>Grants & Awards</span></span><ul><li class="item281"><a href="/ioa-research-grant"><span>IOA Research Grants</span></a></li><li class="item282"><a href="/ioa-research-award"><span>IOA Research Award</span></a></li><li class="item296"><a href="/volunteer-recognition"><span>Volunteer Recognition</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="item289"><a href="/ioa-online-community"><span>IOA Online CommUnity</span></a></li><li class="item305"><a href="/ioa-s-ombuds-for-members"><span>IOA's Ombuds for Members</span></a></li><li class="item309"><a href="/mentoring-program-info"><span>Mentoring Program</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent active item128"><span class="separator"><span>Events & Training</span></span><ul><li class="item211"><a href="/events-calendar"><span>Event Calendar</span></a></li><li class="parent item201"><a href="/ioa-annual-conference"><span>Annual Conference</span></a><ul><li class="item327"><a href="https://ioa2020.memberclicks.net/"><span>2025 IOA Conference</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="item297"><a href="/september-symposium"><span>September Symposium</span></a></li><li class="item276"><a href="/community-connections-for-ioa-members"><span>Community Connections</span></a></li><li class="parent active item278"><span class="separator"><span>Courses and Training</span></span><ul><li class="item325"><a href="/2025-events-and-training-offerings"><span>2025 Events and Training Offerings</span></a></li><li class="item304"><a href="/webinars"><span>Webinars</span></a></li><li class="item239"><a href="/ombuds-seminars"><span>Seminars</span></a></li><li class="item136"><a href="/core-courses"><span>Core Courses</span></a></li><li id="current" class="active item134"><a href="/foundations-courses"><span>Foundations Courses</span></a></li><li class="item260"><a href="/nuts-bolts-of-setting-up-an-ombuds-office-course"><span>Nuts & Bolts of Setting Up an Ombuds Office Course</span></a></li><li class="item303"><a href="/national-equity-project-2-part-workshop"><span>National Equity Project 2-Part Workshop</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="item240"><a href="/ioa-s-online-learning-center"><span>Online Learning Center</span></a></li><li class="item226"><a href="/become-an-instructor"><span>Become an Instructor</span></a></li><li class="item302"><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/the-foundations-course#scholarship"><span>Foundations Scholarships</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item144"><span class="separator"><span>Certification</span></span><ul><li class="item145"><a href="/about-the-co-op-credential"><span>About the CO-OP® Credential</span></a></li><li class="item146"><a href="/co-op-certification-board"><span>CO-OP® Certification Board</span></a></li><li class="item161"><a href="/directory-of-co-op-practitioners"><span>Directory of CO-OP® Practitioners</span></a></li><li class="item306"><a href="/take-the-co-op-examination"><span>Take the CO-OP® Examination</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item163"><span class="separator"><span>Resources</span></span><ul><li class="item243"><a href="/resources-for-practicing-ombuds"><span>Resources for Practicing Ombuds</span></a></li><li class="item242"><a href="/resources-for-aspiring-ombuds"><span>Resources for Aspiring Ombuds</span></a></li><li class="item244"><a href="/resources-for-starting-an-ombuds-office"><span>Resources for Starting an Ombuds Office</span></a></li><li class="item301"><a href="/ioa-member-resources"><span>IOA Member Resources</span></a></li><li class="item290"><a href="/ioa-online-community-resource-center"><span>IOA Online CommUnity & Resource Center</span></a></li><li class="item272"><a href="/ombuds-job-board"><span>Ombuds Job Board</span></a></li><li class="item291"><a href="/outsourced-ombuds-and-consultant-directory"><span>Outsourced Ombuds and Consultant Directory</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item284"><span class="separator"><span>Publications</span></span><ul><li class="item232"><a href="/the-independent-voice-ioa-s-blog"><span>The Independent Voice: IOA's Blog</span></a></li><li class="item293"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqFfYjQvGPWH_DdC2ibM8ZIH2nd0xROwB" target="_blank"><span>Good Day IOA</span></a></li><li class="item166"><a href="/journal-of-the-ioa"><span>Journal of the IOA</span></a></li><li class="item215"><a href="/news-press-releases"><span>News & Press Releases</span></a></li><li class="item308"><a href="/ioa-book-publishing"><span>IOA Book Publishing</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div> <div class="mobile-menu-bottom"></div> <div class="site-container"> <div class="site-overlay"></div> <div id="site-wrap"> <div id="header"> <div class="site-width"> <div class="mc-logo-link"><a href="/"><img style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 0px;" title="" src="/assets/site/logo-link-22.png" alt="" align="" /></a></div> <div class="login-search"> <div class="moduletable mc-search raw single-search"> <form action="/index.php?option=com_search" method="post" name="mod_search_form" class="mc-site-search-mod"> <div class="search mc-search raw single-search"> <input name="searchword" id="mod_search_searchword" alt="Search" class="inputbox inputbox mc-search raw single-search" type="text" size="20" value="" placeholder="Search our site..." onfocus="this.placeholder = ''" onblur="this.placeholder = 'Search our site...'" /><a href="#" class="test button mc-search raw single-search">Search</a> </div> <input type="hidden" name="task" value="search" /> <input type="hidden" name="option" value="com_search" /> <input type="hidden" name="45932ff39d1ae5aa4ffd38693a665ce0" value="1" /> </form> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('form.mc-site-search-mod').find('a').click(function(e){ e.preventDefault(); var mcSiteSearchText = jQuery(this).closest('form.mc-site-search-mod').find('input.inputbox').val(); if (mcSiteSearchText != ''){ jQuery(this).closest('form.mc-site-search-mod').submit(); } }); </script> </div> <div class="moduletable"> <a id='mcSimpleLogin' href='login'>Member Login</a> </div> </div> <a id="menu-toggle" class="icon-menu"></a> <div class="clarence"></div> </div> </div> <div id="primary-nav-container"> <div class="site-width"> <div id="primary-menu"><ul class="menu resp-menu"><li class="parent item181"><span class="separator"><span>About IOA</span></span><ul><li class="item207"><a href="/learn-about-our-organization"><span>About IOA</span></a></li><li class="item183"><a href="/ioa-board-of-directors"><span>Board of Directors</span></a></li><li class="item184"><a href="/ioa-committees-task-forces"><span>Committees & Task Forces</span></a></li><li class="item324"><a href="/ioa-regional-advancement-communities"><span>Regional Advancement Communities</span></a></li><li class="item185"><a href="/strategic-plan"><span>Strategic Plan</span></a></li><li class="item188"><a href="/standards-of-practice-code-of-ethics"><span>Standards of Practice & Code of Ethics</span></a></li><li class="item206"><a href="/ioa-faq"><span>Frequently Asked Questions</span></a></li><li class="item270"><a href="/contact-the-ioa-ombuds-ioa-s-ombuds-program-for-members"><span>IOA's Ombuds for Members</span></a></li><li class="item295"><a href="/ioa-values-and-norms"><span>IOA Values and Norms</span></a></li><li class="item299"><a href="/ioa-concern-and-complaint-policy"><span>IOA Concern and Complaint Policy</span></a></li><li class="item187"><a href="/contact-us"><span>Contact Us</span></a></li><li class="item314"><a href="https://www.ioaconference.org/become-a-sponsor" target="_blank"><span>Partnership Opportunities</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item170"><span class="separator"><span>About Ombuds</span></span><ul><li class="item178"><a href="/what-is-an-ombuds-"><span>What Is an Ombuds?</span></a></li><li class="item283"><a href="/creating-an-ombuds-office"><span>Creating an Ombuds Office</span></a></li><li class="item246"><a href="/how-do-i-become-an-ombuds-"><span>How Do I Become an Ombuds?</span></a></li><li class="item292"><a href="/why-should-my-organization-have-an-ombuds"><span>Why Should My Organization Have an Ombuds?</span></a></li><li class="item294"><a href="/how-do-i-hire-or-talk-to-an-ombuds-"><span>How Do I Hire or Talk to an Ombuds?</span></a></li><li class="item235"><a href="/annual-ombuds-day"><span>Annual Ombuds Day</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item123"><span class="separator"><span>Membership</span></span><ul><li class="item125"><a href="/membership-benefits"><span>Membership Benefits</span></a></li><li class="item127"><a href="/become-a-member"><span>Become a Member</span></a></li><li class="item199"><a href="/member-center"><span>Member Center</span></a></li><li class="item126"><a href="/renew-membership"><span>Renew Your Membership</span></a></li><li class="item245"><a href="/your-ioa-membership"><span>Your IOA Membership</span></a></li><li class="item271"><a href="/become-an-ioa-volunteer"><span>Volunteer</span></a></li><li class="parent item280"><span class="separator"><span>Grants & Awards</span></span><ul><li class="item281"><a href="/ioa-research-grant"><span>IOA Research Grants</span></a></li><li class="item282"><a href="/ioa-research-award"><span>IOA Research Award</span></a></li><li class="item296"><a href="/volunteer-recognition"><span>Volunteer Recognition</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="item289"><a href="/ioa-online-community"><span>IOA Online CommUnity</span></a></li><li class="item305"><a href="/ioa-s-ombuds-for-members"><span>IOA's Ombuds for Members</span></a></li><li class="item309"><a href="/mentoring-program-info"><span>Mentoring Program</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent active item128"><span class="separator"><span>Events & Training</span></span><ul><li class="item211"><a href="/events-calendar"><span>Event Calendar</span></a></li><li class="parent item201"><a href="/ioa-annual-conference"><span>Annual Conference</span></a><ul><li class="item327"><a href="https://ioa2020.memberclicks.net/"><span>2025 IOA Conference</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="item297"><a href="/september-symposium"><span>September Symposium</span></a></li><li class="item276"><a href="/community-connections-for-ioa-members"><span>Community Connections</span></a></li><li class="parent active item278"><span class="separator"><span>Courses and Training</span></span><ul><li class="item325"><a href="/2025-events-and-training-offerings"><span>2025 Events and Training Offerings</span></a></li><li class="item304"><a href="/webinars"><span>Webinars</span></a></li><li class="item239"><a href="/ombuds-seminars"><span>Seminars</span></a></li><li class="item136"><a href="/core-courses"><span>Core Courses</span></a></li><li id="current" class="active item134"><a href="/foundations-courses"><span>Foundations Courses</span></a></li><li class="item260"><a href="/nuts-bolts-of-setting-up-an-ombuds-office-course"><span>Nuts & Bolts of Setting Up an Ombuds Office Course</span></a></li><li class="item303"><a href="/national-equity-project-2-part-workshop"><span>National Equity Project 2-Part Workshop</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="item240"><a href="/ioa-s-online-learning-center"><span>Online Learning Center</span></a></li><li class="item226"><a href="/become-an-instructor"><span>Become an Instructor</span></a></li><li class="item302"><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/the-foundations-course#scholarship"><span>Foundations Scholarships</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item144"><span class="separator"><span>Certification</span></span><ul><li class="item145"><a href="/about-the-co-op-credential"><span>About the CO-OP® Credential</span></a></li><li class="item146"><a href="/co-op-certification-board"><span>CO-OP® Certification Board</span></a></li><li class="item161"><a href="/directory-of-co-op-practitioners"><span>Directory of CO-OP® Practitioners</span></a></li><li class="item306"><a href="/take-the-co-op-examination"><span>Take the CO-OP® Examination</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item163"><span class="separator"><span>Resources</span></span><ul><li class="item243"><a href="/resources-for-practicing-ombuds"><span>Resources for Practicing Ombuds</span></a></li><li class="item242"><a href="/resources-for-aspiring-ombuds"><span>Resources for Aspiring Ombuds</span></a></li><li class="item244"><a href="/resources-for-starting-an-ombuds-office"><span>Resources for Starting an Ombuds Office</span></a></li><li class="item301"><a href="/ioa-member-resources"><span>IOA Member Resources</span></a></li><li class="item290"><a href="/ioa-online-community-resource-center"><span>IOA Online CommUnity & Resource Center</span></a></li><li class="item272"><a href="/ombuds-job-board"><span>Ombuds Job Board</span></a></li><li class="item291"><a href="/outsourced-ombuds-and-consultant-directory"><span>Outsourced Ombuds and Consultant Directory</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="parent item284"><span class="separator"><span>Publications</span></span><ul><li class="item232"><a href="/the-independent-voice-ioa-s-blog"><span>The Independent Voice: IOA's Blog</span></a></li><li class="item293"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqFfYjQvGPWH_DdC2ibM8ZIH2nd0xROwB" target="_blank"><span>Good Day IOA</span></a></li><li class="item166"><a href="/journal-of-the-ioa"><span>Journal of the IOA</span></a></li><li class="item215"><a href="/news-press-releases"><span>News & Press Releases</span></a></li><li class="item308"><a href="/ioa-book-publishing"><span>IOA Book Publishing</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div> </div> </div> <div id="content-wrap" class="r-mid"> <div class="site-width"> <div id="content-padding"> <div id="jmc-message"></div> <div id="component-wrap"> <table class="contentpaneopen"> <tr> <td valign="top"> <a name="registration"></a> <h1><img style="margin: 0px; width: 100%;" title="" src="/assets/images/IOA%20Foundations%20pf%20the%20Organizational%20Ombuds%20Course%2014.png" alt="" align="" /></h1> <p style="text-align: center;" dir="ltr"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong><a href="#about">About</a> | <a href="#registrationinfo">Registration Info</a> | <a href="#scholarship">Scholarships</a> | <a href="#f2025">Schedule</a> </strong></span></p> <hr /> <h1><a name="top"></a>IOA Foundations of the Organizational Ombuds Course</h1> <h3 dir="ltr"><a name="about"></a>About the Course</h3> <p dir="ltr"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong>The Foundations of Organizational Ombuds Practice course is offered multiple times each year virtually and in person</strong>.</span></p> <p dir="ltr">This flagship course is primarily designed for new and aspiring organizational ombuds and those interested in learning more about the profession. The course covers the fundamentals of the organizational ombuds role based on the principles of confidentiality, impartiality, independence, and informality. </p> <p dir="ltr">This fundamental three-day in-person or four-day virtual experience is packed with information on how to work with visitors, how to act as a change agent within an organization, and how to practice some of the key ombuds skills necessary for success. The course is taught by an experienced and highly committed faculty of ombuds who will share best practices around running an effective office as well as evaluating and communicating the effectiveness of that office.</p> <h5 dir="ltr"><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/2025-virtual-foundations-registration#!/">2025 Virtual Foundations Course Registration</a></h5> <hr /> <h3 class="zoneContent">Participants learn how to...</h3> <ul> <li><span>Recognize key characteristics and skills of effective ombuds.</span></li> <li><span>Apply the ethical principles of confidentiality, impartiality, independence, and informality.</span></li> <li><span>Use new strategies to build trust and show compassion with visitors.</span></li> <li><span>Demonstrate impartial listening techniques, including how to paraphrase, reflect, and reframe.</span></li> <li><span>Analyze visitor issues to identify positions, related feelings, and underlying interests.</span></li> <li><span>Better assist visitors in exploring and defining options.</span></li> <li><span>See the interdependence between how ombuds serve visitors and serve the organization at large.</span></li> <li><span>Align the ombuds function with the overall vision, mission, goals, and values of the organization.</span></li> <li><span>Work more effectively with organizational leadership.</span></li> <li><span>Address common challenges to conveying the value and impact of ombuds work.</span></li> <li><span>Appreciate the uniqueness and complexity of the ombuds role.</span></li> <li><span>Recognize the dimensions and parameters of the organizational ombuds role.</span></li> <li><span>Reflect on their own personal relationship to the role.</span></li> <li><span>Learn best practices.</span></li> <li><span>Identify resources to learn more.</span></li> <li><span>Build a community of practice.</span></li> </ul> <p>Please note this course does not address some features unique to other models of ombuds practice, such as classical, advocate, or legislative.</p> <blockquote> <p><span>"I took the IOA’s first virtual Foundations Course back in October of 2020, and I found it to be a very valuable experience. The instructors were knowledgeable and engaging, the material was presented in an organized way, and there were plenty of opportunities for both small-group and large-group discussions. I also enjoyed having the opportunity to meet and learn from colleagues all over the world without having to deal with the expenses normally associated with travel."</span></p> <p><strong>— Dr. Julia Farmer, IOA Member</strong></p> </blockquote> <hr /> <h3><strong style="font-size: 18px;"><a name="f2025"></a>2025 IOA Foundations Courses</strong></h3> <div class="wrapper"> <p>Dates are subject to change. Each virtual course will support 24 participants. </p> <p><strong>Please note</strong>: There are two virtual courses that run concurrently for the months of May, October, and December. When registering, please make sure you select the date and time you are available to attend.</p> <h6><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/2025-virtual-foundations-registration">2025 Virtual Foundations Course Registration</a></h6> If the course date you are interested in attending is sold out, please fill out our waitlist form. Select the date you are interested in attending and we will reach out if cancellations occur on a first-come, first-served basis.</div> <div class="wrapper"></div> <h6 class="wrapper" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/2025-virtual-foundations-waitlist">2025 Virtual Foundations Waitlist<br /></a></h6> <div class="wrapper"><strong style="font-size: 15px;"><br /></strong> <ul> <li><strong style="font-size: 15px;">13 - 16 January | Virtual | SOLD OUT | </strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">8:00 AM - 12:00 PM PT | 11:00 AM - 3:00 PM ET </span></li> <li><strong>10 - 13 February | Virtual<strong> | SOLD OUT| </strong></strong>8:00 AM - 12:00 PM PT | 11:00 AM - 3:00 PM ET</li> <li><a href="https://www.ioaconference.org/2025-registration#foundations"><strong>4 - 6 April | In-Person</strong><span> | (Friday and Saturday) 4-5 April - <span>9:00 AM - 4:00 PM ET and (Sunday) 6 April - 9:00 AM - 2:30 PM ET</span></span></a></li> <ul> <li><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/04-2025-ioa-foundations-reg"><span><span>Register Now for 4-6 April In-Person Miami (Prior to IOA 2025 Annual Conference in Miami)</span></span></a></li> </ul> <li><strong>19 - 22 May | Virtual<strong> | </strong></strong>8:00 AM - 12:00 PM PT | 11:00 AM - 3:00 PM ET</li> <li><strong>19 - 22 May | Virtual<strong> | </strong></strong>9:00 AM - 1:00 PM PT | 12:00 PM - 4:00 PM ET</li> <li><strong>14 - 17 July | Virtual | </strong>8:00 AM - 12:00 PM PT | 11:00 AM - 3:00 PM ET</li> <li><strong>4 - 7 August | Virtual<strong> | </strong></strong>8:00 AM - 12:00 PM PT | 11:00 AM - 3:00 PM ET<span> </span></li> <li><strong>20 - 23 October | Virtual<strong> | </strong></strong>8:00 AM - 12:00 PM PT | 11:00 AM - 3:00 PM ET </li> <li><strong>20 - 23 October | Virtual<strong> | </strong></strong>9:00 AM - 1:00 PM PT | 12:00 PM - 4:00 PM ET</li> <li><strong>8 - 11 December | Virtual<strong> | </strong></strong>8:00 AM - 12:00 PM PT | 11:00 AM - 3:00 PM ET <span> </span></li> <li><strong>8 - 11 December | Virtual<strong> | </strong></strong>9:00 AM - 1:00 PM PT | 12:00 PM - 4:00 PM ET</li> </ul> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="zoneMainContent"><hr /> <h3 style="text-align: left;" dir="ltr"><a name="registrationinfo"></a>Registration Information</h3> <ul> <li><strong>Virtual Rates</strong></li> <ul> <li><strong>$1,895 USD for IOA members</strong></li> <li><strong>$2,495 USD for Non-Members</strong></li> </ul> <li><strong>In-Person Rates</strong></li> <ul> <li><strong>$2,095 USD for IOA members</strong></li> <li><strong>$2,595 USD for Non-Members</strong></li> </ul> </ul> <p>Course payment is due at least four weeks before the course starts. Please review all payment, registration, and attendance policies prior to registering for a course.</p> <h6><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/course-policies">View Course Policies</a></h6> <hr /> <h3 style="text-align: left;" dir="ltr"><span><a name="scholarship"></a>Foundations Scholarships</span></h3> <p>IOA offers <a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/2025-foundations-scholarship-application">annual scholarships</a> for the Foundations Course. The scholarship application window generally runs November-December of the year prior to the applicant's desired course year. Eligibility criteria and scholarship requirements involve financial needs, professional references, and a written summary of the recipient's experience from the course. This scholarship covers the course fee for a <strong>Virtual Foundations Course</strong>. </p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Applications for the 2025 Virtual Foundations Courses are now closed. Thank you to all who applied!</strong></p> <h4><strong>Eligibility Criteria & Scholarship Requirements</strong></h4> <ul> <li>Applicants must be a member of IOA.</li> <li>Applicants must not have additional financial support from their employer or other organization to attend a Foundations course.</li> <li>Applicants must provide one reference with their contact information in their application.</li> </ul> <hr /> <h3>Other Resources & Related Courses</h3> <p>If this course is not quite what you are looking for, please take a moment to review the list of other helpful resources and tools below. </p> <ul> <li><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/what-is-an-organizational-ombuds">What is an organizational ombuds?</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/ombuds-training-opportunities">All IOA Training Opportunities</a></li> <li><a title="" href="/nuts---bolts-of-setting-up-an-ombuds-office" target="_self">The Nuts & Bolts of Setting Up an Ombuds Office</a></li> <li> <p><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/ombuds-toolkit">Ombuds Toolkit for Higher Education Institutions</a> or <a title="" href="/k-12-school-ombuds-toolkit" target="_self">K-12 School Ombuds Toolkit</a><strong style="color: #206f8d; font-family: Montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;"><a name="teach"></a></strong></p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> <span class="article_separator"> </span> </div> </div> <div class="login-search side-bar"> <div class="moduletable mc-search raw single-search"> <form action="/index.php?option=com_search" method="post" name="mod_search_form" class="mc-site-search-mod"> <div class="search mc-search raw single-search"> <input name="searchword" id="mod_search_searchword" alt="Search" class="inputbox inputbox mc-search raw single-search" type="text" size="20" value="" placeholder="Search our site..." onfocus="this.placeholder = ''" onblur="this.placeholder = 'Search our site...'" /><a href="#" class="test button mc-search raw single-search">Search</a> </div> <input type="hidden" name="task" value="search" /> <input type="hidden" name="option" value="com_search" /> <input type="hidden" name="45932ff39d1ae5aa4ffd38693a665ce0" value="1" /> </form> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('form.mc-site-search-mod').find('a').click(function(e){ e.preventDefault(); var mcSiteSearchText = jQuery(this).closest('form.mc-site-search-mod').find('input.inputbox').val(); if (mcSiteSearchText != ''){ jQuery(this).closest('form.mc-site-search-mod').submit(); } }); </script> </div> <div class="moduletable"> <a id='mcSimpleLogin' href='login'>Member Login</a> </div> </div> <div id="right-bar" class="side-bar"> <div class="moduletable"> <div id="google_translate_element"></div> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ function googleTranslateElementInit() { new google.translate.TranslateElement({pageLanguage: 'en'}, 'google_translate_element'); } // ]]></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit"></script> </div> <div class="moduletable mc-button-list"> <h3>Quick Links</h3> <ul class="menu"><li class="item222"><a href="/ioa-profile-portal"><span>Profile Portal</span></a></li><li class="item118"><a href="/member-center-ql"><span>Member Center</span></a></li><li class="item217"><a href="https://ioacommunity.smallworldlabs.com/dashboard"><span>Online CommUnity</span></a></li><li class="item233"><a href="https://ioa.mclms.net/en/" target="_blank"><span>Online Learning Center</span></a></li><li class="item287"><a href="/outsourced-ombuds-and-consultant-directory-oocd"><span>Outsourced Ombuds and Consultant Directory</span></a></li><li class="item208"><a href="https://www.ombudsassociation.org/the-independent-voice-ioa-s-blog"><span>Independent Voice Blog</span></a></li><li class="item119"><a href="https://www.ioaconference.org/"><span>Annual Conference</span></a></li><li class="item223"><a href="/ioa-s-job-board"><span>Job Board</span></a></li></ul> </div> <div class="moduletable"> <h3>Upcoming Events & Trainings</h3> <table class="mod_events_latest_table" width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr class="jevrow0"><td class="mod_events_latest_first"><div class="mc-event-listing" style="border-color: #6600CC "><span class="mod_events_latest_date">Thu Feb 27, 2025</span><span class="mod_events_latest_content"><a href="/index.php?option=com_jevents&task=icalrepeat.detail&evid=391&Itemid=211&year=2025&month=02&day=27&title=2025-ioa-live-ombuds-seminar-the-art-of-facilitating-a-settlement&uid=52ab333c95ab2539b2e99ee2159c52af" >2025 IOA Live Ombuds Seminar: The Art of Facilitating a Settlement</a></span><div class="event-list-cat">Category: Seminar</div></div></td></tr> <tr class="jevrow1"><td class="mod_events_latest"><div class="mc-event-listing" style="border-color: #663366 "><span class="mod_events_latest_date">Thu Mar 6, 2025</span><span class="mod_events_latest_content"><a href="/index.php?option=com_jevents&task=icalrepeat.detail&evid=430&Itemid=211&year=2025&month=03&day=06&title=march-book-club&uid=3ea360b42633b9b2f8f7d3d2617abaa6" >March Book Club</a></span><div class="event-list-cat">Category: IOA Events</div></div></td></tr> <tr class="jevrow0"><td class="mod_events_latest"><div class="mc-event-listing" style="border-color: #206F8D "><span class="mod_events_latest_date">Thu Mar 13, 2025</span><span class="mod_events_latest_content"><a href="/index.php?option=com_jevents&task=icalrepeat.detail&evid=412&Itemid=211&year=2025&month=03&day=13&title=ioa-webinar--photography-for-coaching-on-self-image&uid=54b38ae72c4c6552521e2943ffa1f3ea" >IOA Webinar | Photography for Coaching on Self-Image</a></span><div class="event-list-cat">Category: Webinars</div></div></td></tr> <tr class="jevrow1"><td class="mod_events_latest"><div class="mc-event-listing" style="border-color: #FE5F55 "><span class="mod_events_latest_date">Fri Apr 4, 2025</span><span class="mod_events_latest_content"><a href="/index.php?option=com_jevents&task=icalrepeat.detail&evid=411&Itemid=211&year=2025&month=04&day=04&title=in-person-foundations-course-april-2025&uid=9fce982493fefa0cfb36f34730eb78a5" >In-Person Foundations Course - April 2025</a></span><div class="event-list-cat">Category: Foundations Courses</div></div></td></tr> <tr class="jevrow0"><td class="mod_events_latest"><div class="mc-event-listing" style="border-color: #B8DBD9 "><span class="mod_events_latest_date">Mon Apr 7, 2025</span><span class="mod_events_latest_content"><a href="/index.php?option=com_jevents&task=icalrepeat.detail&evid=275&Itemid=211&year=2025&month=04&day=07&title=-ioa2025-annual-conference&uid=03be18d8c570f7cf3e302be911868820" > #IOA2025 Annual Conference</a></span><div class="event-list-cat">Category: Annual Conference</div></div></td></tr> </table> <h6><a href="/index.php?option=com_jevents&Itemid=211&task=year.listevents" >View Full Calendar</a></h6> </div> <div class="moduletable"> <h3> The Independent Voice Blog</h3> <iframe frameborder="0" height="400" scrolling="no" src="https://feed.mikle.com/widget/v2/107359/?preloader-text=Loading" width="100%"></iframe> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clarence"></div> </div> </div> <div id="footer"> <div class="site-width"> <div class="footer-info"><h4><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>INTERNATIONAL OMBUDS ASSOCIATION</strong></span></h4> <p>2150 N 107th Street • Suite 330 • Seattle, WA 98133 • United States<br />+1-206-209-5275 • <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#422b2c242d022d2f203726312331312d212b23362b2d2c6c2d3025" target="_blank"><span style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="563f38303916393b3423322537252539353f37223f393878392431">[email protected]</span></span></a></span></span></p> <p>© Copyright 2025 International Ombuds Association. All rights reserved • <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><a title="" href="/Website-Privacy-Policy" target="_self"><span style="color: #ffffff; text-decoration: underline;">Privacy Policy</span></a></span></span>.</p> <hr /> <p><span>The term ombuds is used to communicate to the widest possible community and is not intended to discourage others from using alternatives. IOA respectfully acknowledges that many practitioners use alternative forms of this word including organizational ombudsman, ombudsperson, and others.</span></p> <h6><a href="https://ioa.memberclicks.net/contact-us#emails"><span>Not Getting Our Emails? </span></a></h6></div> <div class="socnets"><ul class="menu" id="socnets"><li class="item111"><a href="https://twitter.com/IntlOmbudsAssoc" target="_blank"><span>Twitter</span></a></li><li class="item195"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/international-ombudsman-association" target="_blank"><span>Linkedin</span></a></li><li class="item196"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcnBzHK3hjf_aihqcTgFGTA " target="_blank"><span>Youtube</span></a></li><li class="item110"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/International-Ombudsman-Association/559089367457391" target="_blank"><span>Facebook</span></a></li></ul></div> <a id="RTT" href="#">Back to top <span class="icon-arrow-up"></span></a> <div class="clarence"></div> <div id="pbmc-wrap"> <a id="pbmc" title="powered by MemberClicks" href="http://www.memberclicks.com/">powered by <span class="icon-mc-logomark"></span> <span class="icon-mc-wordmark"></span> <span class="mc-brand-container">MemberClicks</span> </a> </div> <div id= "sbiWrap"><a id="sbi" href="http://www.sbims.com" target="_blank">sbi where non-profits grow</a></div> <div class="clarence"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/jmc-assets/global-js/mc-respond-v2.1.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='https://ssl.google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-133420579-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}</script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"5b403e9444","applicationID":"120876115","transactionName":"YVIAbURTXxUHWhVYWVgYI1pCW14ISXoOX0JTWRZ6WVxFFAlVDVREGVMLSkZeUB8=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":782,"atts":"TRUDGwxJTBs=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>