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font-size:90%; margin-top:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:1.4em; font-weight:bold;border-top-width:0px;">Föderation Malaya </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; border-bottom-width:0px;">Persekutuan Tanah Melayu </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">1948–1963 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"> <table style="width:100%; border:none; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:60%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_Malaya_(1950%E2%80%931963).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Malaya_%281950%E2%80%931963%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Malaya_%281950%E2%80%931963%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Malaya_%281950%E2%80%931963%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Malaya_%281950%E2%80%931963%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Malaya_%281950%E2%80%931963%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Malaya_%281950%E2%80%931963%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:40%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Federation_of_Malaya.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Federation_of_Malaya.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Federation_of_Malaya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Federation_of_Malaya.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Federation_of_Malaya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Federation_of_Malaya.svg/240px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Federation_of_Malaya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:middle;"> <td><a href="/wiki/Flagge_Malaysias" title="Flagge Malaysias">Flagge (1950–1963)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wappen_Malaysias" title="Wappen Malaysias">Wappen (1950–1963)</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Amtssprache" title="Amtssprache">Amtssprache</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malaiische_Sprache" title="Malaiische Sprache">Malaiisch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Hauptstadt" title="Hauptstadt">Hauptstadt</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Liste_der_Staatsformen_und_Regierungssysteme" title="Liste der Staatsformen und Regierungssysteme">Staats- und Regierungsform</a></b> </td> <td>Britisches Protektorat (1948–1957)<br />Föderale Wahlmonarchie (1957–1963) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Staatsoberhaupt" title="Staatsoberhaupt">Staatsoberhaupt</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Yang di-Pertuan Agong</a> (1957–1963) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Regierungschef" title="Regierungschef">Regierungschef</a></b> </td> <td>Chief Minister (1955–1957)<br /><a href="/wiki/Liste_der_Premierminister_Malaysias" title="Liste der Premierminister Malaysias">Premierminister</a> (1957–1963) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Staatsgebiet" title="Staatsgebiet">Fläche</a></b> </td> <td>131.280 km² </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Einwohnerzahl" title="Einwohnerzahl">Einwohnerzahl</a></b> </td> <td>5.815.000 (1953)<sup id="cite_ref-Weltatlas_1960_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weltatlas_1960-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Bev%C3%B6lkerungsdichte" title="Bevölkerungsdichte">Bevölkerungsdichte</a></b> </td> <td>44 Einwohner pro km² </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/W%C3%A4hrung" title="Währung">Währung</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaiischer_Dollar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malaiischer Dollar (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Malaiischer Dollar</a> (1948–1953)<br /><a href="/wiki/Malaya-_und_Britisch-Borneo-Dollar" title="Malaya- und Britisch-Borneo-Dollar">Malaya- und Britisch-Borneo-Dollar</a> (1953–1967) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b>Errichtung</b> </td> <td>1. Februar 1948 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Staat#Nachfolge_in_völkerrechtliche_Verträge_oder_Identität_eines_Staates" title="Staat">Vorgängergebilde</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malaiische_Union" title="Malaiische Union">Malaiische Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Staatliche_Unabh%C3%A4ngigkeit" title="Staatliche Unabhängigkeit">Unabhängigkeit</a></b> </td> <td>31. August 1957 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Staat#Nachfolge_in_völkerrechtliche_Verträge_oder_Identität_eines_Staates" title="Staat">Endpunkt</a></b> </td> <td>16. September 1963 <small>(Gründung Malaysias)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b>Abgelöst von</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Nationalhymne" title="Nationalhymne">Nationalhymne</a></b> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/God_Save_the_King" title="God Save the King">God Save the King</a></i> (1948–1957)<br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="64" data-mwtitle="United_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/United_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source 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kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=th&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="th" label="ไทย ‪(th)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANegaraku_instrumental.ogg&lang=sr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr" label="српски / srpski ‪(sr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANegaraku_instrumental.ogg&lang=ta&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ta" label="தமிழ் ‪(ta)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANegaraku_instrumental.ogg&lang=th&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="th" label="ไทย ‪(th)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANegaraku_instrumental.ogg&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANegaraku_instrumental.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANegaraku_instrumental.ogg&lang=zh-my&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans-MY" label="中文（马来西亚） ‪(zh-my)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANegaraku_instrumental.ogg&lang=zh-tw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣） ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANegaraku_instrumental.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Liste_der_Kfz-Nationalit%C3%A4tszeichen" title="Liste der Kfz-Nationalitätszeichen">Kfz-Kennzeichen</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kfz-Kennzeichen_(Malaysia)" title="Kfz-Kennzeichen (Malaysia)">FM, PTM</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Federation_of_Malaya.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Federation_of_Malaya.PNG/324px-Federation_of_Malaya.PNG" decoding="async" width="324" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Federation_of_Malaya.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="144" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> </tbody></table><div style="display:none;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vorlage:Infobox_Staat/Wartung/NAME-DEUTSCH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vorlage:Infobox Staat/Wartung/NAME-DEUTSCH (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Vorlage:Infobox Staat/Wartung/NAME-DEUTSCH</a></div> <p>Die <b>Föderation Malaya</b> (<a href="/wiki/Malaiisch" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaiisch">malaiisch</a> <b>Persekutuan Tanah Melayu</b>) wurde am 1. Februar 1948 gegründet. Sie ersetzte die 1946 gegründete <a href="/wiki/Malaiische_Union" title="Malaiische Union">Malaiische Union</a> und bestand bis zur Gründung <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysias</a> im Jahre 1963. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="de" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Gliederung"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Gliederung</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Geschichte"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Geschichte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Wirtschaft"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Wirtschaft</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Bevölkerungsgruppen"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Bevölkerungsgruppen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Siehe_auch"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Siehe auch</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Einzelnachweise"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Einzelnachweise</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gliederung">Gliederung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Gliederung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Gliederung"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die Föderation umfasste die <a href="/wiki/Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich" title="Vereinigtes Königreich">britischen</a> Siedlungen <a href="/wiki/Penang" title="Penang">Penang</a> und <a href="/wiki/Malakka" title="Malakka">Malakka</a> und die neun malaiischen Staaten (<a href="/wiki/Federated_Malay_States" title="Federated Malay States">Federated Malay States</a> und <a href="/wiki/Unfederated_Malay_States" title="Unfederated Malay States">Unfederated Malay States</a>):<sup id="cite_ref-Weltatlas_1960_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weltatlas_1960-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Staat / Kolonie</th> <th>Fläche<br />in km²</th> <th>Einwohner<br />in 1.000 (1953)</th> <th>Einwohner<br />je km²</th> <th>Hauptstadt </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Dschohor</a> </td> <td>18.961 </td> <td>891 </td> <td>47 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Johor_Bahru" title="Johor Bahru">Dschohor Bharu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a> </td> <td>9.479 </td> <td>658 </td> <td>68 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alor_Setar" title="Alor Setar">Alor Star</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kelantan" title="Kelantan">Kelantan</a> </td> <td>14.881 </td> <td>502 </td> <td>34 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kota_Bharu" title="Kota Bharu">Kota Bharu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Malakka </td> <td>1.639 </td> <td>289 </td> <td>176 </td> <td>Malakka </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Negri_Sembilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Negri Sembilan">Negri Sembilan</a> </td> <td>6.604 </td> <td>328 </td> <td>79 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuala_Pilah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuala Pilah (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Kuala Pilah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pahang" title="Pahang">Pahang</a> </td> <td>35.930 </td> <td>286 </td> <td>49 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuala_Lipis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuala Lipis (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Kuala Lipis</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Penang </td> <td>1.036 </td> <td>522 </td> <td>504 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Town_(Penang)" title="George Town (Penang)">Georgetown</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak</a> </td> <td>20.667 </td> <td>1.139 </td> <td>55 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiping_(Malaysia)" title="Taiping (Malaysia)">Taiping</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perlis" title="Perlis">Perlis</a> </td> <td>802 </td> <td>82 </td> <td>102 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kangar" title="Kangar">Kangar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Selangor" title="Selangor">Selangor</a> </td> <td>8.202 </td> <td>865 </td> <td>105 </td> <td>Kuala Lumpur </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trengganu" class="mw-redirect" title="Trengganu">Trengganu</a> </td> <td>13.079 </td> <td>253 </td> <td>19 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Terengganu" title="Kuala Terengganu">Kuala Terengganu</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hintergrundfarbe5"> <td><b>Föderation Malaya</b> </td> <td>131.280 </td> <td>5.815 </td> <td>44 </td> <td>Kuala Lumpur </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Während die malaiischen Staaten <a href="/wiki/Protektorat" title="Protektorat">Protektorate</a> waren, blieben Penang und Malakka britische <a href="/wiki/Kronkolonie" title="Kronkolonie">Kronkolonien</a>. Wie die Malaiische Union umfasste auch die Föderation nicht <a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a>, das davor normalerweise als Teil Malayas angesehen wurde. In Penang befand sich das Hauptquartier der <a href="/wiki/ANZAM" title="ANZAM">ANZAM</a>, die ein Netzwerk zur Verteidigung Malayas darstellte und <a href="/wiki/Australien" title="Australien">Australien</a> und <a href="/wiki/Neuseeland" title="Neuseeland">Neuseeland</a> mit umfasste. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Geschichte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Geschichte"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die Föderation Malaya wurde am 31. August 1957 ein unabhängiger Staat innerhalb des <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth">Commonwealth</a> – das Datum wird heute als Malaysias Unabhängigkeitstag <i><a href="/wiki/Hari_Merdeka" title="Hari Merdeka">Hari Merdeka</a></i> begangen. 1963 wurde die Föderation unter dem neuen Namen <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> durch <a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a> (bis 1965), <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a> und Britisch-Nordborneo, das später in <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> umbenannt wurde, erweitert. Im Herbst 1964 kam es zu massiven Unruhen zwischen chinesischen und nicht-chinesischen Einwohnern Singapurs. Nach heftigen ideologischen Konflikten zwischen der Stadtregierung und der Föderationsregierung in Kuala Lumpur sowie wegen Befürchtungen auf malaysischer Seite, dass die Unruhen über die Stadt hinaus ausgreifen könnten, wurde Singapur am 7. August 1965 aus der Föderation ausgeschlossen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wirtschaft">Wirtschaft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Wirtschaft" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Wirtschaft"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zur Zeit der Unabhängigkeit hatte Malaya nach <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> das höchste Pro-Kopf-Einkommen in Asien. Die Wirtschaft basierte hauptsächlich auf Landwirtschaft und dem Export landwirtschaftlicher Erzeugnisse. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bevölkerungsgruppen"><span id="Bev.C3.B6lkerungsgruppen"></span>Bevölkerungsgruppen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Bevölkerungsgruppen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Bevölkerungsgruppen"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die <a href="/wiki/Malaien" title="Malaien">Malaien</a>, die etwa 52 % der Bevölkerung ausmachten, dominierten die Politik und den öffentlichen Sektor, waren aber relativ arm. Die meisten Malaien gingen Beschäftigungen in der Landwirtschaft mit geringer Produktivität nach. Die Chinesen (37 %) hatten mehr wirtschaftliche Macht und dominierten die meisten modernen Berufsgruppen. Die Politik des jungen Landes war deswegen von dem Dilemma geprägt, auf der einen Seite die wirtschaftspolitischen Ziele erreichen zu müssen, auf der anderen Seite aber die Harmonie unter den Ethnien und die politische Stabilität aufrechtzuerhalten. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Bevölkerung der Föderation Malaya<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Jahr </th> <th>Malaien </th> <th>Chinesen </th> <th>Inder </th> <th>Andere </th></tr> <tr> <td>1948 </td> <td>2.457.014 </td> <td>1.928.965 </td> <td>536.646 </td> <td>64.802 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1951 </td> <td>2.631.154 </td> <td>2.043.971 </td> <td>566.371 </td> <td>75.726 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Siehe auch" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Siehe auch"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geschichte_Malaysias" title="Geschichte Malaysias">Geschichte Malaysias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">British Malaya</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6deration_Malaya&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Weltatlas_1960-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Weltatlas_1960_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Weltatlas_1960_1-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Bertelsmann Lexikon-Redaktion (Hrsg.): <i>Bertelsmann Weltatlas.</i> 36. Aufl., Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1960, S. 248.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Annual Report on the Federation of Malaya: 1951</i> in C.C. 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مالايا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Federasiyas%C4%B1" title="Malay Federasiyası – Aserbaidschanisch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Malay Federasiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Малайская Федэрацыя – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Малайская Федэрацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Малайска федерация – Bulgarisch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Малайска федерация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8" title="মালয় ফেডারেশন – Bengalisch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মালয় ফেডারেশন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federaci%C3%B3_Malaia" title="Federació Malaia – Katalanisch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Federació Malaia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8derationen_Malaya" title="Føderationen Malaya – Dänisch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Føderationen Malaya" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Ομοσπονδία της Μαλάγια – Griechisch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ομοσπονδία της Μαλάγια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya" title="Federation of Malaya – Englisch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Federation of Malaya" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaja_federacio" title="Malaja federacio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malaja federacio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federaci%C3%B3n_Malaya" title="Federación Malaya – Spanisch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Federación Malaya" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaia_F%C3%B6deratsioon" title="Malaia Föderatsioon – Estnisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Malaia Föderatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="فدراسیون مالایا – Persisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فدراسیون مالایا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaijan_liittovaltio" title="Malaijan liittovaltio – Finnisch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Malaijan liittovaltio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_de_Malaisie" title="Fédération de Malaisie – Französisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fédération de Malaisie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Französisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%99%D7%94" title="פדרציית מלאיה – Hebräisch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פדרציית מלאיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մալայայի Դաշնություն – Armenisch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մալայայի Դաշնություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federasi_Malaya" title="Federasi Malaya – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Federasi Malaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federazione_della_Malesia" title="Federazione della Malesia – Italienisch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Federazione della Malesia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A4%E9%80%A3%E9%82%A6" title="マラヤ連邦 – Japanisch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マラヤ連邦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaya" title="Malaya – Javanisch" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Malaya" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%90%EB%9D%BC%EC%95%BC_%EC%97%B0%EB%B0%A9" title="말라야 연방 – Koreanisch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="말라야 연방" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajos_Federacija" title="Malajos Federacija – Litauisch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Malajos Federacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persekutuan_Tanah_Melayu" title="Persekutuan Tanah Melayu – Malaiisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Persekutuan Tanah Melayu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federatie_van_Malakka" title="Federatie van Malakka – Niederländisch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Federatie van Malakka" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Niederländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayaf%C3%B8derasjonen" title="Malayaføderasjonen – Norwegisch (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Malayaføderasjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federacja_Malajska" title="Federacja Malajska – Polnisch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Federacja Malajska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Malaia" title="Federação Malaia – Portugiesisch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Federação Malaia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federa%C8%9Bia_Malaya" title="Federația Malaya – Rumänisch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Federația Malaya" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Малайская Федерация – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Малайская Федерация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya" title="Federation of Malaya – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Federation of Malaya" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Малајска Федерација – Serbisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Малајска Федерација" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malajiska_federationen" title="Malajiska federationen – Schwedisch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Malajiska federationen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="மலாயா கூட்டமைப்பு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மலாயா கூட்டமைப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="สหพันธรัฐมาลายา – Thailändisch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สหพันธรัฐมาลายา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailändisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pederasyon_ng_Malaya" title="Pederasyon ng Malaya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pederasyon ng Malaya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Federasyonu" title="Malay Federasyonu – Türkisch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Malay Federasyonu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Türkisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Малайська Федерація – Ukrainisch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Малайська Федерація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="وفاق ملایا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وفاق ملایا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayya_Federatsiyasi" title="Malayya Federatsiyasi – Usbekisch" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Malayya Federatsiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Usbekisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_bang_M%C3%A3_Lai" title="Liên bang Mã Lai – Vietnamesisch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liên bang Mã Lai" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联合邦 – Chinesisch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马来亚联合邦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E9%82%A6" title="馬來亞聯合邦 – Kantonesisch" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬來亞聯合邦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1479726#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Links auf Artikel in anderen Sprachen bearbeiten" class="wbc-editpage">Links bearbeiten</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 25. 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