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family business</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Chinese family business"> <meta name="keywords" content="Chinese family business"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Chinese family business"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6994</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Chinese family business</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6964</span> Foodxervices Inc.: Corporate Responsibility and Business as Usual</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allan%20Chia">Allan Chia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Gervais"> Gabriel Gervais</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The case study on FoodXervices Inc shows how businesses need to reinvent and transform themselves in order to adapt and thrive and it also features how an SME can also devote resources to CSR causes. The company, Ng Chye Mong, was set up in 1937 and it went through ups and downs and encountered several failures and successes. In the 1970’s, the management of the company was entrusted to the next generation who continued to manage and expanded the business. In early 2003, the business encountered several challenges. A pair of siblings from the next generation of the Ng family joined the business fulltime and together they set-out to transform the company into FoodXervices Inc. In 2012, they started a charity, Food Bank Singapore Pte Ltd. The authors conducted case study research involving a series of in-depth interviews with the business owner and staff. This case study is an example of how to run a business and coordinate a charity concurrently while mobilising the same resources. The uniqueness of this case is the operational synergy of both the business and charity to promote corporate responsibility causes and initiatives in Singapore. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family-owned%20business" title="family-owned business">family-owned business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charity" title=" charity"> charity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20social%20responsibility" title=" corporate social responsibility"> corporate social responsibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=branding" title=" branding"> branding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44381/foodxervices-inc-corporate-responsibility-and-business-as-usual" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6963</span> Analysing Representations of ‘Leftover’ Women in Chinese Media: Taking the Film ‘The Last Woman Standing’ and ‘I Do’ as Examples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ting%20Li%20Liu">Ting Li Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ‘Leftover woman’ or ‘3S’ woman is the term used to describe a well-educated, high income, independent woman who is single and never married around 30 years in Chinese society. With the naming of this demographic of ‘leftover women’, their family, dating culture, mate selection and marriage attract public concern. Massive media representations of ‘leftover women’ occur daily; the research aims to present several media representations of women’s anxiety about their singlehood and related marital issues around thirty. The research triangulates two areas of media representation of ‘leftover women’: films and audience reviews on ‘Douban Movie’ website. Drawing on traditional media studies, Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis combined with multimodal techniques is applied to the research to analyze the representations of ‘leftover women’ and their implications for marital culture in China, in conjunction with a feminist perspective. The conference paper will discuss two case studies: the film ‘The last woman standing’ and ‘I Do’. Paying attention to different aspects of ‘leftover women’, the research aims to re-examine the representations of ‘leftover women’ in selected scenes, such as their age anxiety, family, marriage, dating process, careers, etc. The paper also includes public beliefs about ‘leftover women’ from online audience reviews. In conclusion, the emergence of ‘leftover women’ is a reflection of Chinese tradition’s impact on people’s lives and new changes in Chinese families and their attitude to marriage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leftover%20women" title="leftover women">leftover women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marriage" title=" marriage"> marriage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family" title=" family"> family</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20culture" title=" media culture"> media culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86290/analysing-representations-of-leftover-women-in-chinese-media-taking-the-film-the-last-woman-standing-and-i-do-as-examples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6962</span> Digital Development of Cultural Heritage: Construction of Traditional Chinese Pattern Database</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaojian%20Li">Shaojian Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The traditional Chinese patterns, as an integral part of Chinese culture, possess unique values in history, culture, and art. However, with the passage of time and societal changes, many of these traditional patterns are at risk of being lost, damaged, or forgotten. To undertake the digital preservation and protection of these traditional patterns, this paper will collect and organize images of traditional Chinese patterns. It will provide exhaustive and comprehensive semantic annotations, creating a resource library of traditional Chinese pattern images. This will support the digital preservation and application of traditional Chinese patterns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digitization%20of%20cultural%20heritage" title="digitization of cultural heritage">digitization of cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20Chinese%20patterns" title=" traditional Chinese patterns"> traditional Chinese patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20humanities" title=" digital humanities"> digital humanities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=database%20construction" title=" database construction"> database construction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182148/digital-development-of-cultural-heritage-construction-of-traditional-chinese-pattern-database" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6961</span> Commodification of the Chinese Language: Investigating Language Ideology in the Chinese Complementary Schools’ Online Discourse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuying%20Liu">Yuying Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the increasing popularity of Chinese and the recognition of the growing commodifying ideology of Chinese language in many contexts (Liu and Gao, 2020; Guo, Shin and Shen 2020), the ideological orientations of the Chinese diaspora community towards the Chinese language remain under-researched. This research contributes seeks to bridge this gap by investigating the micro-level language ideologies embedded in the Chinese complementary schools in the Republic of Ireland. Informed by Ruíz’s (1984) metaphorical representations of language, 11 Chinese complementary schools’ websites were analysed as discursive texts that signal the language policy and ideology to prospective learners and parents were analysed. The results of the analysis suggest that a move from a portrayal of Chinese as linked to student heritage identity, to the commodification of linguistic and cultural diversity, is evident. It denotes the growing commodifying ideology among the Chinese complementary schools in the Republic of Ireland. The changing profile of the complementary school, from serving an ethnical community to teaching Chinese as a foreign language for the wider community, indicates the possibility of creating the a positive synergy between the Complementary school and the mainstream education. This study contributes to the wider discussions of language ideology and language planning, with regards to modern language learning and heritage language maintenance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Chinese%20language%3B" title="the Chinese language;">the Chinese language;</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20as%20heritage%20language" title="Chinese as heritage language">Chinese as heritage language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20as%20foreign%20language" title="Chinese as foreign language">Chinese as foreign language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20community%20schools" title="Chinese community schools">Chinese community schools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149725/commodification-of-the-chinese-language-investigating-language-ideology-in-the-chinese-complementary-schools-online-discourse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149725.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6960</span> Exploring Spiritual Needs of Taiwanese Inpatients with Advanced Cancer and Their Family Caregivers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szu%20Mei%20Hsiao">Szu Mei Hsiao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the spiritual needs of inpatients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers in one southern regional teaching hospital in Taiwan and elucidates the differences and similarities of spiritual needs between them. Little research reports the different phases of spiritual needs and the potential impact of Chinese cultural values on the spiritual needs. Qualitative inquiry was used. Twenty-one patients with advanced cancer and twenty-two family caregivers were recruited. During hospitalization, all participants identified spiritual needs both the palliative phase and the dying phase: (a) the need to foster faith/confidence and hope for medicine and/or God; (b) to understand the meaning and values of life; (c) to experience more reciprocal human love and forgiveness; and (d) to obey God’s/Heaven will. Furthermore, the differences of spiritual needs between patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers are as follows: (a) family caregivers emphasized the need to inform relatives and say goodbye in order to die peacefully; (b) patients highlighted a need to maintain a certain physical appearance in order to preserve their dignity; nurture one’s willpower; learn about the experiences of cancer survivors; and identify one’s own life experience for understanding the meaning and values of life. Moreover, the dissimilarity of spiritual needs is that the patients pointed out the need to understand God’s will during the palliative treatment phase. However, the family caregivers identified the need to forgive each other, and inform relatives and say goodbye to patients in the dying phase. This research has shown that the needs of meaning/values of life and facing death peacefully are different between two groups. Health professionals will be encouraged to detect and to develop individualized care strategies to meet spiritual needs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20cancer" title="advanced cancer">advanced cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20culture" title=" Chinese culture"> Chinese culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20caregivers" title=" family caregivers"> family caregivers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20research" title=" qualitative research"> qualitative research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spiritual%20needs" title=" spiritual needs"> spiritual needs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68438/exploring-spiritual-needs-of-taiwanese-inpatients-with-advanced-cancer-and-their-family-caregivers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6959</span> Understanding the ‘Third Gender’: A Qualitative Study of the Perception of Being a Leftover Woman among Chinese Female Ph.D. Students </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qian%20Wang">Qian Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, a growing number of Chinese women choose to pursue Ph.D. education. Except for the male and female, women with PhD degrees are stigmatized as the ‘third gender’ in Chinese society. People, especially most men, believe that female PhD students challenge the traditional image and gender role of Chinese women. This gender stereotype causes a range of difficulties in finding partners in marriage market for Chinese female PhD students. In this study, the author conducted in-depth interviews with 15 participants who are currently doing their PhD studies in Chinese universities to explore their perceptions of being leftover women on the basis of their experience. All the participants are single. Based on the analysis of qualitative data, this study found that the ‘leftover women’ phenomenon among Chinese female PhD students is the result of the contradictions generated between Chinese patriarchal society and them. Although Chinese female PhD students is an attention-attracting group, the studies about them are very limited in China. This study could not only contribute to the understanding of the ‘third gender’ phenomenon and the ‘leftover women’ studies in China, but also, in practical level, could give some guidance for governments to resolve the social problems of female PhD students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20female%20Ph.D.%20students" title="Chinese female Ph.D. students">Chinese female Ph.D. students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20%E2%80%98leftover%20women%E2%80%99" title=" the ‘leftover women’"> the ‘leftover women’</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Chinese%20patriarchal%20society" title=" the Chinese patriarchal society"> the Chinese patriarchal society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20role" title=" gender role"> gender role</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20culture" title=" Chinese culture"> Chinese culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98311/understanding-the-third-gender-a-qualitative-study-of-the-perception-of-being-a-leftover-woman-among-chinese-female-phd-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6958</span> AI-Assisted Business Chinese Writing: Comparing the Textual Performances Between Independent Writing and Collaborative Writing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephanie%20Liu%20Lu">Stephanie Liu Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the proliferation of artificial intelligence tools in the field of education, it is crucial to explore their impact on language learning outcomes. This paper examines the use of AI tools, such as ChatGPT, in practical writing within business Chinese teaching to investigate how AI can enhance practical writing skills and teaching effectiveness. The study involved third and fourth-year university students majoring in accounting and finance from a university in Hong Kong within the context of a business correspondence writing class. Students were randomly assigned to a control group, who completed business letter writing independently, and an experimental group, who completed the writing with the assistance of AI. In the latter, the AI-assisted business letters were initially drafted by the students issuing commands and interacting with the AI tool, followed by the students' revisions of the draft. The paper assesses the performance of both groups in terms of grammatical expression, communicative effect, and situational awareness. Additionally, the study collected dialogue texts from interactions between students and the AI tool to explore factors that affect text generation and the potential impact of AI on enhancing students' communicative and identity awareness. By collecting and comparing textual performances, it was found that students assisted by AI showed better situational awareness, as well as more skilled organization and grammar. However, the research also revealed that AI-generated articles frequently lacked a proper balance of identity and writing purpose due to limitations in students' communicative awareness and expression during the instruction and interaction process. Furthermore, the revision of drafts also tested the students' linguistic foundation, logical thinking abilities, and practical workplace experience. Therefore, integrating AI tools and related teaching into the curriculum is key to the future of business Chinese teaching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI-assistance" title="AI-assistance">AI-assistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20Chinese" title=" business Chinese"> business Chinese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textual%20analysis" title=" textual analysis"> textual analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20education" title=" language education"> language education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181515/ai-assisted-business-chinese-writing-comparing-the-textual-performances-between-independent-writing-and-collaborative-writing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181515.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6957</span> Family Business and Gender Diversity as Determinants of Winery Survival: An Application to the Spanish Wine Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marta%20Fern%C3%A1ndez%20Olmos">Marta Fernández Olmos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Gargallo%20Castel"> Ana Gargallo Castel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20Salami"> Alice Salami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The literature has shown the importance of studying the issue of business survival in highly competitive environments. In particular, the wine sector has certain characteristics that make it interesting to study factors that increase the possibility of wineries' survival, such as individual productivity, winery size, age, innovation efforts or the maturity of the industry itself, among others. Due to the importance of these factors, this research aims to analyze whether the possibility of wineries' survival increases if they are family businesses or if there is gender diversity in senior management. To this end, a nationwide survey was carried out. The sample was made up of wineries from all the Spanish appellations of origin, using this sample to analyze the survival of the diverse types of wineries according to the factors to be studied. The main results indicate that family wineries survive longer, suggesting that this may be due to the fact that the main objective of family wineries is the continuity of the business in the long term. Regarding gender diversity, wineries that have a female presence in top roles in management, adding gender diversity, survive more than those with a predominantly male presence. Based on these results, it is advisable to consider the importance of family businesses, especially in this type of sector. In addition, support should be provided for the inclusion of a female labor force to improve the possibility of survival. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title="gender">gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20business" title=" family business"> family business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wine%20industry" title=" wine industry"> wine industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival" title=" survival"> survival</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163098/family-business-and-gender-diversity-as-determinants-of-winery-survival-an-application-to-the-spanish-wine-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6956</span> Internationalization Using Strategic Alliances: A Comparative Study between Family and Non-Family Businesses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guadalupe%20Fuentes-Lombardo">Guadalupe Fuentes-Lombardo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuel%20Carlos%20Vallejo-Martos"> Manuel Carlos Vallejo-Martos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rub%C3%A9n%20Fern%C3%A1ndez-Ortiz"> Rubén Fernández-Ortiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miriam%20Cano-Rubio"> Miriam Cano-Rubio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The different ways in which companies enter foreign markets, exporting their products and direct investment and using strategic alliances or not, are influenced by a series of peculiarities specific to family businesses. In these companies, different systems, such as the family, property, and business overlap; giving them unique and specific characteristics which on occasions can enhance the development of cooperation agreements and in other situations can hinder them. Previous research has shown that these companies are more likely to enter into strategic alliances with certain specific features, and are more reluctant to take part in others in which some of the advantages of the family business are put at risk, such as control of ownership and decision-making over the company by the family, among others. These arguments show that there is a wide range of interesting aspects and peculiarities in the process of internationalization of the family business, although the research objectives of this paper focus on three in particular. Our first objective will be to discover why family businesses decide to establish or not strategic alliances in their internationalization processes in comparison with other companies that are not family owned. Secondly we will be identifying the idiosyncratic aspects of family businesses that favor or hinder the use of strategic alliances as a means of entering foreign markets. Our third and final objective will be to define the types of strategic alliance most commonly used by family businesses and the reasons why they choose these particular forms of alliance rather than others. We chose these research objectives for three main reasons. Firstly because research on this subject shows that alliances are the best way to begin the international expansion process, among other reasons because they provide the partners with different kinds of resources and capacity, so increasing the probability of successful internationalization. Secondly, because family and non-family businesses are often equipped with different types of resources and strategic alliances, offer them the chance to acquire resources less frequently found in family businesses. Thirdly, because the strengths and weaknesses of these companies could affect their decisions whether or not to use strategic alliances in their international expansion process and the success achieved in these alliances. As a result, these companies prefer to enter into cooperation agreements with conditions that do not put their specific status as family companies at risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20business" title="family business">family business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internationalization" title=" internationalization"> internationalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20alliances" title=" strategic alliances"> strategic alliances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=olive-oil%20and%20wine%20industry" title=" olive-oil and wine industry"> olive-oil and wine industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15142/internationalization-using-strategic-alliances-a-comparative-study-between-family-and-non-family-businesses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">450</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6955</span> Study on Spatial Structure and Evolvement Process of Traditional Villages’ Courtyard Based on Clannism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang%20Sun">Liang Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20He"> Yi He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The origination and development of Chinese traditional villages have a strong link with clan society. Thousands of traditional villages are constituted by one big family who have the same surname. Villages’ basic social relationships are built on the basis of family kinship. Clan power controls family courtyards’ spatial structure and influences their evolvement process. Compared with other countries, research from perspective of clanism is a particular and universally applicable manner to recognize Chinese traditional villages’ space features. This paper takes traditional villages in astern Zhejiang province as examples, especially a single-clan village named Zoumatang. Through combining rural sociology with architecture, it clarifies the coupling relationship between clan structure and village space, reveals spatial composition and evolvement logic of family courtyards. Clan society pays much attention to the patrilineal kinship and genealogy. In astern Zhejiang province, clan is usually divided to ‘clan-branches-families’ three levels. Its structural relationship looks like pyramid, which results in ‘center-margin’ structure when projecting to villages’ space. Due to the cultural tradition of ancestor worship, family courtyards’ space exist similar ‘center-margin’ structure. Ancestor hall and family temple are respectively the space core of village and courtyard. Other parts of courtyard also shows order of superiority and inferiority. Elder and men must be the first. However, along with the disintegration of clan society, family courtyard gradually appears fragmentation trend. Its spatial structure becomes more and more flexible and its scale becomes smaller and smaller. Living conditions rather than ancestor worship turn out to be primary consideration. As a result, there are different courtyard historical prototype in different historic period. To some extent, Chinese present traditional villages’ conservation ignore the impact of clan society. This paper discovers the social significance of courtyard’s spatial texture and rebuilds the connection between society and space. It is expected to promote Chinese traditional villages’ conservation paying more attention to authenticity which defined in the historical process and integrity which built on the basis of social meaning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clanism" title=" clanism"> clanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=courtyard" title=" courtyard"> courtyard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolvement%20process" title=" evolvement process"> evolvement process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20structure" title=" spatial structure"> spatial structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20village" title=" traditional village"> traditional village</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70945/study-on-spatial-structure-and-evolvement-process-of-traditional-villages-courtyard-based-on-clannism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70945.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6954</span> The Effect of Family Support on Employee Satisfaction and Perception of Work-Family Conflict: The Case of Oil Sector Employees in Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20H.%20Muhammad">Ali H. Muhammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates both instrumental and emotional family support on employee job satisfaction and perception of work-family conflict. Instrumental family support is manifested in family behavior that contributes to the reduction of employee’s family responsibilities and keeping the physical home environment in a proper shape. Emotional family support includes the encouragement and praise that the employee receives from his family and families for the employee’s work problem and their role in assisting the employees in dealing with these problems. The paper suggests that instrumental and emotional family support increases employee’s job satisfaction. Furthermore, the study proposes that family support decreases employee’s perception of work-family conflict. In addition, this study examines the reliability and validity of the family support index developed by Lynda King and her colleagues in 1995. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to test the validity of the instrument in an Arab business setting. A paper-pencil questionnaire was used to collect data from a random sample of 70 Kuwaiti employees working in the oil sector. Data were analyzed using factor analysis, reliability tests, and regression analysis. Results confirmed the research hypothesis. Family support had a positive effect on job satisfaction. Furthermore, family support significantly contributed to the reduction of employee perception of work-family conflict. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20support" title="family support">family support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work-family%20conflict" title=" work-family conflict"> work-family conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuwait%20oil%20sector" title=" Kuwait oil sector"> Kuwait oil sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115168/the-effect-of-family-support-on-employee-satisfaction-and-perception-of-work-family-conflict-the-case-of-oil-sector-employees-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6953</span> Language Learning Strategies of Chinese Students at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University in Thailand </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gunniga%20Anugkakul">Gunniga Anugkakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suwaree%20Yordchim"> Suwaree Yordchim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objectives were to study language learning strategies (LLSs) employed by Chinese students, and the frequency of LLSs they used, and examine the relationship between the use of LLSs and gender. The Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) by Oxford was administered to thirty-six Chinese students at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University in Thailand. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Three useful findings were found on the use of LLSs reported by Chinese students. First, Chinese students used overall LLSs at a high level. Second, among the six strategy groups, Chinese students employed compensation strategy most frequently and memory strategy least frequently. Third, the research results also revealed that gender had significant effect on Chinese Student’s use of overall LLSs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20language" title="English language">English language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20learning%20strategy" title=" language learning strategy"> language learning strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20students" title=" Chinese students"> Chinese students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation%20strategy" title=" compensation strategy"> compensation strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12405/language-learning-strategies-of-chinese-students-at-suan-sunandha-rajabhat-university-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">678</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6952</span> Fatherhood and Migration among Chinese Returnees in Hong Kong: A Literature Review </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucille%20Lok-Sun%20Ngan">Lucille Lok-Sun Ngan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are significant gaps in both the migration and family literatures regarding the gendered parenting of Chinese migrants. Evidence from the literature informs us that the child-focused parenting style of the West has altered, with positive consequences, parent–child relationships in migrant families. In particular, second-generation migrants have developed hybrid identities distinct from those of their overseas-born parents and the locals. On returning to their place of origin, they may undergo yet another process of change in values, and in behaviour, in order to adapt to the local culture. As migration changes values, personality and practice at personal, interpersonal and familial levels, the cross-cultural experiences of returnees inevitably affect their own fatherhood journeys in their country of origin. This paper reviews current literature on fatherhood and migration and identifies the gaps and limitations that pertain to understanding the paternal experiences of Chinese return migrants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20returnees" title="Chinese returnees">Chinese returnees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-cultural%20experiences" title=" cross-cultural experiences"> cross-cultural experiences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatherhood" title=" fatherhood"> fatherhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybridity" title=" hybridity"> hybridity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13365/fatherhood-and-migration-among-chinese-returnees-in-hong-kong-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6951</span> An Analysis on the Hidden Transcripts and Power: A Cultural Study on Confliction between Mother and Daughter-in-Law in Contemporary Chinese Television Dramas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohui%20Pan">Xiaohui Pan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the most influential media for the dissemination of Chinese culture, films and television dramas have played cognitive orientation in guiding young audience to understand its cultural value. Taking a retrospective overview of the Chinese domestic film and television dramas in the last decade, it is tangible to notice that Westernization has become irresistible force in the presentation of Chinese youth culture, such as the rise of sensibility, publicity of subjectivity, and the resistance to mainstream discourse. However, the process of deconstruction and transition of these film and television works on Western youth culture brought about more comprehensive conflicts and integration rather than providing a panoramic interpretation to young Chinese. Issues of tradition and modernization, oriental and Western, and serious thinking and the spirit of entertainment overwhelmed those Chinese works. This study attempts to examine the mechanism of young Chinese’s resistance, compromise and re-construction in their marriages during the dynamic cultural intergration between traditional Chinese culture and Western culture. To investigate such a mechanism, this study analyzed four Chinese television dramas themed on family ethics to reveal the conflictions between two generations, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, aiming to identify their strategies of their struggles. Incorporating the theory of Scott's weapons of the weak, this study examines the dynamic model of the struggles content analysis on their hidden language and the power. The finding shows that young Chinese identified their self-awakening during the resistance. The study also finds out that the external factors might have the functions of switching the power from the strong end to the weak end. The finding of this study can provide useful insights for researchers in this area and for those in the process of exploring cultural integration issues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intergration" title="intergration">intergration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20culture" title=" youth culture"> youth culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55912/an-analysis-on-the-hidden-transcripts-and-power-a-cultural-study-on-confliction-between-mother-and-daughter-in-law-in-contemporary-chinese-television-dramas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6950</span> Creating a Quasi-Folklore as a Tool for Knowledge Sharing in a Family-Based Business</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chico%20A.%20E.%20Hindarto">Chico A. E. Hindarto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Knowledge management practices are more contextual when they combine with the corporate culture. Each entity has a specific cultural climate that enables knowledge sharing in both functional and individual levels. The interactions between people within organization can be influenced by the culture and how the knowledge is transmitted. On the other hand, these interactions have impacts in culture modification as well. Storytelling is one of the methods in delivering the knowledge throughout the organization. This paper aims to explore the possibility in using a quasi-folklore in the family-based business. Folklore is defined as informal tradition culture that spreading through a word-of-mouth, without knowing the source of the story. In this paper, the quasi-folklore term is used to differentiate it with the original term of folklore. The story is created by somebody in the organization, not like the folklore with unknown source. However, the source is not disclosed, in order to avoid the predicted interest from the story origin. The setting of family-based business is deliberately chosen, since the kinship is considerably strong in this type of entity. Through a thorough literature review that relates to knowledge management, storytelling, and folklore, this paper determines how folklore can be an option for knowledge sharing within the organization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folklore" title="folklore">folklore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20business" title=" family business"> family business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20culture" title=" organizational culture"> organizational culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title=" knowledge management"> knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storytelling" title=" storytelling"> storytelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55626/creating-a-quasi-folklore-as-a-tool-for-knowledge-sharing-in-a-family-based-business" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6949</span> Wh-Movement in Second Language Acquisition: Evidence from Magnitude Estimation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Bo%20Hsu">Dong-Bo Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Universal Grammar (UG) claims that the constraints that are derived from this should operate in language users’ L2 grammars. This study investigated this hypothesis on knowledge of Subjacency and resumptive pronoun usage among Chinese learners of English. Chinese fulfills two requirements to examine the existence of UG, i.e., Subjacency does not operate in Chinese and resumptive pronouns in English are very different from those in Chinese and second L2 input undermines the knowledge of Subjacency. The results indicated that Chinese learners of English demonstrated a nearly identical pattern as English native speakers do but the resumptive pronoun in the embedding clauses. This may be explained in terms of the case that Chinese speakers’ usage of pronouns is not influenced by the number of embedding clauses. Chinese learners of English have full access to knowledge endowed by UG but their processing of English sentences may be different from native speakers as a general slow rate for processing in their L2 English. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universal%20grammar" title="universal grammar">universal grammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese" title=" Chinese"> Chinese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English" title=" English"> English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wh-questions" title=" wh-questions"> wh-questions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resumption" title=" resumption"> resumption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36394/wh-movement-in-second-language-acquisition-evidence-from-magnitude-estimation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6948</span> Design Elements: Examining Product Design Attribute That Make Sweets Appear More Delicious to Foreign Patrons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuko%20Sakamoto">Kazuko Sakamoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keiichiro%20Kawarabayashi"> Keiichiro Kawarabayashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoji%20Kitani"> Yoji Kitani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Japanese sweets are one of the important elements of the Chur Japan strategy. In this research, we investigated what kind of sweets are liked to the Chinese tourist. What is generally eaten is influenced by culture, a sense of values, and business practice. Therefore, what was adapted there is sold. However, when traveling, what its country does not have is called for. Then, how far should we take in Chinese people's taste in a design?　This time, the design attribute (a color and a form) which leads to sweets "being delicious" was clarified by rough aggregate theory.As a result, the difference in the taste of Chinese people and Japanese people became clear. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20attribute" title="design attribute">design attribute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20comparison" title=" international comparison"> international comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taste%20by%20appearance" title=" taste by appearance"> taste by appearance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20attribute" title=" design attribute"> design attribute</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10772/design-elements-examining-product-design-attribute-that-make-sweets-appear-more-delicious-to-foreign-patrons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6947</span> From Tionghoa to Tjina: Historical Tracing on the Identity Politics in Demonization of Ethnic Chinese in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20J.%20Kristiono">Michael J. Kristiono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempts to investigate the reasons behind the negative sentiments directed towards Chinese Indonesians from International Relations (IR) perspective. By tracing back the treatment of the New Order government towards ethnic Chinese, it was found that such demonization initially happened due to two politically motivated reasons. Firstly, as part of de-Soekarnoization done by the New Order, the Chinese were outcast because Chinese identity does not conform to the 'Indonesian identity', which was in essence, the Javanese identity. Secondly, the condition reflected the change in Indonesian foreign policy which drifted apart from People’s Republic of China (PRC) as the latter was suspected to be involved in September 30 Movement. Then, this paper argues that due to those reasons, coupled by blatant maltreatment from the New Order Government, Chinese Indonesians were constructed as the Others, that is, as non-Indonesians. Such construct has been deeply embedded such that reconciliation attempts done by the Reformation Era government were not sufficient enough to stop ethnic discrimination towards Chinese Indonesians from happening even until the present. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese Indonesians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20discrimination" title=" ethnic discrimination"> ethnic discrimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=New%20Order" title=" New Order"> New Order</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85938/from-tionghoa-to-tjina-historical-tracing-on-the-identity-politics-in-demonization-of-ethnic-chinese-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6946</span> Chinese Übermensches: Mobility Capital and the Entrepreneurial Experiences of Young Privileged Chinese Migrants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenfu%20Zhang">Wenfu Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines why young, privileged Chinese individuals emigrate, how they sustain fluid, ongoing movement, and the life goals through migrant entrepreneurship. Through interviews with 30 young Chinese migrant entrepreneurs in the UK, this study reveals that they migrate primarily to escape an increasingly "risk society", characterized by reduced social and personal freedoms, a hostile business environment, and hyper-competition within professional and entrepreneurial sectors in the PRC. In this context, elite-oriented immigration policies of Northern countries align with these migrants' goals, creating a duality of 'neoliberalism as exception' and 'exceptions to neoliberalism', which facilitates selective entry for young, privileged Chinese. Intriguingly, even within the perceived context of an increasingly 'risk society,' young, privileged migrants are hesitant to relinquish their Chinese nationality, despite having diligently obtained UK residency. This choice reflects a deliberate strategy to cultivate 'mobility capital'. A Northern country's residency offers mobility to exit China when “risks” emerge, while Chinese nationality enables a strategic return when advantageous. This study contributes to the literature on how young, privileged Chinese individuals from the not-so-distant ‘Deng Xiaoping Era’ view China’s ongoing “New Era” as shaping their future aspirations with uncertainty; it examines how revenue-driven immigration controls in postcolonial Northern countries impact Southern elites by enabling them to project their domestic inequality issues onto a global scale through the use of mobility capital. In this study, it term these young Chinese elites "Chinese Übermensches," an unparalleled phenomenon in Chinese migration history. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility%20capital" title="mobility capital">mobility capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elite%20migration" title=" elite migration"> elite migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title=" entrepreneurship"> entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neoliberalism" title=" neoliberalism"> neoliberalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20society" title=" risk society"> risk society</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194431/chinese-ubermensches-mobility-capital-and-the-entrepreneurial-experiences-of-young-privileged-chinese-migrants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">8</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6945</span> New-Born Children and Marriage Stability: An Evaluation of Divorce Risk Based on 2010-2018 China Family Panel Studies Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuchao%20Yao">Yuchao Yao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As two of the main characteristics of Chinese demographic trends, increasing divorce rates and decreasing fertility rates both shaped the population structure in the recent decade. Figuring out to what extent can be having a child make a difference in the divorce rate of a couple will not only draw a picture of Chinese families but also bring about a new perspective to evaluate the Chinese child-breeding policies. Based on China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) Data 2010-2018, this paper provides a systematic evaluation of how children influence a couple’s marital stability through a series of empirical models. Using survival analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) model, this paper finds that the number and age of children that a couple has mattered in consolidating marital relationship, and these effects vary little over time; during the last decade, newly having children can in fact decrease the possibility of divorce for Chinese couples; the such decreasing effect is largely due to the birth of a second child. As this is an inclusive attempt to study and compare not only the effects but also the causality of children on divorce risk in the last decade, the results of this research will do a good summary of the status quo of divorce in China. Furthermore, this paper provides implications for further reforming the current marriage and child-breeding policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divorce%20risk" title="divorce risk">divorce risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility" title=" fertility"> fertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival%20analysis" title=" survival analysis"> survival analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propensity%20score%20matching" title=" propensity score matching"> propensity score matching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157408/new-born-children-and-marriage-stability-an-evaluation-of-divorce-risk-based-on-2010-2018-china-family-panel-studies-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6944</span> Mealtime Talk as a Context of Learning: A Multiple Case Study of Australian Chinese Parents' Interaction with Their Preschool Aged Children at Dinner Table</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiangbo%20Hu">Jiangbo Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frances%20Hoyte"> Frances Hoyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haiquan%20Huang"> Haiquan Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research identifies that mealtime talk can be a significant learning context that provides children with rich experiences to foster their language and cognitive development. Middle-classed parents create an extended learning discourse for their children through sophisticated vocabulary, narrative and explanation genres at dinner table. However, mealtime opportunities vary with some parents having little interaction with their children and some parents focusing on directive of children’s behaviors. This study investigated five Chinese families’ parent-child interaction during mealtime that was rarely reported in the literature. The five families differ in terms of their living styles. Three families are from professional background where both mothers the fathers work in Australian companies and both of them present at dinner time. The other two families own business. The mothers are housemakers and the fathers are always absent at dinner time due to their busy business life. Employing case study method, the five Chinese families’ parent-child interactions at dinner table were recorded using a video camera. More than 3000 clauses were analyzed with the framework of 'systems of clause complexing' from systemic functional linguistic theory. The finding shows that mothers played a critical role in the interaction with their children by initiating most conversations. The three mothers from professional background tended to use more language in extending and expanding pattern that is beneficial for children’s language development and high level of thinking (e.g., logical thinking). The two house making mothers’ language focused more on the directive of their children’s social manners and dietary behaviors. The fathers though seemed to be less active, contributing to the richness of the conversation through their occasional props such as asking open questions or initiating a new topic. In general, the families from professional background were more advantaged in providing learning opportunities for their children at dinner table than the families running business were. The home experiences of Chinese children is an important topic in research due to the rapidly increasing number of Chinese children in Australia and other English speaking countries. Such research assist educators in the education of Chinese children with more awareness of Chinese children experiences at home that could be very unlike the settings in English schools. This study contributes to the research in this area through the analysis of language in parent-child interaction during mealtime, which is very different from previous research that mainly investigated Chinese families through survey and interview. The finding of different manners in language use between the professional families and business families has implication for the understanding of the variation of Chinese children’s home experiences that is influenced not only by parents’ socioeconomic status but their lifestyles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20children" title="Chinese children">Chinese children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20parents" title=" Chinese parents"> Chinese parents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mealtime%20talk" title=" mealtime talk"> mealtime talk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parent-child%20interaction" title=" parent-child interaction"> parent-child interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81319/mealtime-talk-as-a-context-of-learning-a-multiple-case-study-of-australian-chinese-parents-interaction-with-their-preschool-aged-children-at-dinner-table" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6943</span> Stop Consonants in Chinese and Slovak: Contrastive Analysis by Using Praat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Istvanova">Maria Istvanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The acquisition of the correct pronunciation in Chinese is closely linked to the initial phase of the study. Based on the contrastive analysis, we determine the differences in the pronunciation of stop consonants in Chinese and Slovak taking into consideration the place and manner of articulation to gain a better understanding of the students' main difficulties in the process of acquiring correct pronunciation of Chinese stop consonants. We employ the software Praat for the analysis of the recorded samples with an emphasis on the pronunciation of the students with a varying command of Chinese. The comparison of the VOT length for the individual consonants in the students' pronunciation and the pronunciation of the native speaker exposes the differences between the correct pronunciation and the deviant pronunciation of the students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese" title="Chinese">Chinese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contrastive%20analysis" title=" contrastive analysis"> contrastive analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Praat" title=" Praat"> Praat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pronunciation" title=" pronunciation"> pronunciation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slovak." title=" Slovak. "> Slovak. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137114/stop-consonants-in-chinese-and-slovak-contrastive-analysis-by-using-praat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6942</span> A Study of Chinese-specific Terms in Government Work Report(2017-2019) from the Perspective of Relevance Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi%20Jiaxin">Shi Jiaxin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Government Work Report is an essential form of document in the government of the People’s Republic of China. It covers all aspects of Chinese society and reflects China’s development strategy and trend. There are countless special terms in Government Work Report. Only by understanding Chinese-specific terms can we understand the content of the Government Work Report. Only by accurately translating the Chinese-specific terms can people come from all across the world know the Chinese government work report and understand China. Relevance theory is a popular theory of cognitive pragmatics. Relevance Translation Theory, which is closely related to Relevance Theory, has crucial and major guiding significance for the translation of Chinese-specific. Through studying Relevance Theory and researching the translation techniques, strategies and applications in the process of translating Chinese-specific terms from the perspective of Relevance Theory, we can understand the meaning and connotation of Chinese-specific terms, then solve various problems in the process of C-E translation, and strengthen our translation ability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20work%20report" title="government work report">government work report</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese-specific%20terms" title=" Chinese-specific terms"> Chinese-specific terms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relevance%20theory" title=" relevance theory"> relevance theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation" title=" translation"> translation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147040/a-study-of-chinese-specific-terms-in-government-work-report2017-2019-from-the-perspective-of-relevance-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6941</span> Comparative Study of Affricate Initial Consonants in Chinese and Slovak</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Istvanova">Maria Istvanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of the comparative study of the affricate consonants in Chinese and Slovak is to increase the awareness of the main distinguishing features between these two languages taking into consideration this particular group of consonants. This study determines the main difficulties of the Slovak learners in the process of acquiring correct pronunciation of affricate initial consonants in Chinese based on the understanding of the distinguishing features of Chinese and Slovak affricates in combination with the experimental measuring of VOT values. The software tool Praat is used for the analysis of the recorded language samples. The language samples contain recordings of a Chinese native speaker and Slovak students of Chinese with different language proficiency levels. Based on the results of the analysis in Praat, the study identifies erroneous pronunciation and provide clarification of its cause. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese" title="Chinese">Chinese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20study" title=" comparative study"> comparative study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=initial%20consonants" title=" initial consonants"> initial consonants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pronunciation" title=" pronunciation"> pronunciation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slovak" title=" Slovak"> Slovak</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137602/comparative-study-of-affricate-initial-consonants-in-chinese-and-slovak" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6940</span> Thailand and Sino-Japanese Relations in the Early Twentieth Century</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mizuno%20Norihito">Mizuno Norihito</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study attempts to examine Japanese views of Thailand primarily in the 1920s and 1930s through the analysis of documents published by the Office of Governor-General of Taiwan (Taiwan Sotokufu) and its affiliated organizations. Japan regarded Taiwan, under its control since 1895, as a foothold to making inroads into the South, and The governor-general office was active in investigations and intelligence gathering in Southeast Asia, as well as the southern part of the Chinese continent. Documents published by the governor-general office and its related organizations, especially those in a couple of decades following the First World War, reveal that the Japanese paid attention to the presence of the-Thai-Chinese during the time period. It would not be surprising that the desiring to penetrating into the Thai market, as well as the markets of the rest of Southeast Asia, the Japanese could not ignore the presence of the Thai-Chinese because of their local economic influences. The increased Japanese concern about the Thai-Chinese toward the end of the 1920s and throughout the 1930s was, moreover, intertwined with the increased tension between China and Japan. In other words, Thailand, as well as the rest of Southeast Asia, became another arena of Sino-Japanese confrontation. The rise of nationalism against Japan in China infected the Thai-Chinese communities and threatened Japanese economic activities in the country. However, the Japanese simultaneously found out that Thai-Chinese concert with anti-Japanese in China did not necessarily match their business interests and that the Thai government’s efforts to assimilate the Thai-Chinese into the Thais society and strategic approach to Japan in the late 1930s hampered their anti-Japanese actions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese-Thai%20Relations" title="Japanese-Thai Relations">Japanese-Thai Relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sino-Japanese%20relations" title=" Sino-Japanese relations"> Sino-Japanese relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20Chinese" title=" Thai Chinese"> Thai Chinese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Overseas%20Japanese" title=" Overseas Japanese"> Overseas Japanese</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58376/thailand-and-sino-japanese-relations-in-the-early-twentieth-century" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6939</span> Family Firms and Investment–Cash Flow Sensitivity: Empirical Evidence from Canada</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imen%20Latrous">Imen Latrous</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Family firm is the most common form of business organization in the world. Many family businesses rely heavily on their own capital to finance their expansion. This dependence on internal funds for their investment may be deliberate to maintain the family dominant position or involuntary as family firms have limited access to external funds. Our understanding of family firm’s choice to fund their own growth using existing capital is somewhat limited. The aim of this paper is to study whether the presence of a controlling family in the company either mitigates or exacerbates external financing constraints. The impact of family ownership on investment–cash flow sensitivity is ultimately an empirical question. We use a sample of 406 Canadian firms listed in Toronto Stock exchange (TSX) over the period 2005–2014 in order to explore this relationship. We distinguish between three elements in the definition of family firms, specifically ownership, control and management, to explore the issue whether family firms are more efficient organisational form. Our research contributes to the extant literature on family ownership in several ways. First, as our understanding of family firm’s investment cash flow sensitivity is somewhat limited in recession times, we explore the effect of family firms on the relation between investment and cash flow during the recent 2007-2009 financial crisis. We also analyse this relationship difference between family firms and non family firms before and during financial crisis. Finally, our paper addresses the endogeneity problem of family ownership and investment-cash flow sensitivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20firms" title="family firms">family firms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment%E2%80%93cash%20flow%20sensitivity" title=" investment–cash flow sensitivity"> investment–cash flow sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crisis" title=" financial crisis"> financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73218/family-firms-and-investment-cash-flow-sensitivity-empirical-evidence-from-canada" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6938</span> Chinese Leaders Abroad: Case in the Netherlands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Lin">Li Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hein%20Roelfsema"> Hein Roelfsema</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To achieve aggressive expansion goals, many Chinese companies are seeking resources and market around the world. To an increasing extent, Chinese enterprises recognized the Netherlands as their gateway to Europe Market. Yet, large cultural gaps (e.g. individualism/collectivism, power distance) may influence expat leaders’ influencing process, in turn affect intercultural teamwork. Lessons and suggestions from Chinese expat leaders could provide profound knowledge for managerial practice and future research. The current research focuses on the cultural difference between China and the Netherlands, along with leadership tactics for coping and handling differences occurring in the international business work. Exclusive 47 in-depth interviews with Chinese expat leaders were conducted. Within each interview, respondents were asked what were the main issues when working with Dutch employees, and what they believed as the keys to successful leadership in Dutch-Chinese cross-cultural workplaces. Consistent with previous research, the findings highlight the need to consider the cultural context within which leadership adapts. In addition, the findings indicated the importance of recognizing and applying the cultural advantages from which leadership originates. The results address observation ability as a crucial key for Chinese managers to lead Dutch/international teams. Moreover, setting a common goal help a leader to overcome the challenges due to cultural differences. Based on the analysis, we develop a process model to illustrate the dynamic mechanisms. Our study contributes to the better understanding of transference of management practices, and has important practical implications for managing Dutch employees. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20managers" title="Chinese managers">Chinese managers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dutch%20employees" title=" Dutch employees"> Dutch employees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interviews" title=" interviews"> interviews</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56210/chinese-leaders-abroad-case-in-the-netherlands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6937</span> New Chinese Landscapes in the Works of the Chinese Photographer Yao Lu</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoling%20Dai">Xiaoling Dai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many Chinese artists have used digital photography to create works with features of Chinese landscape paintings since the 20th century. The ‘New Mountains and Water’ works created by digital techniques reflect the fusion of photographic techniques and traditional Chinese aesthetic thoughts. Borrowing from Chinese landscape paintings in the Song Dynasty, the Chinese photographer Yao Lu uses digital photography to reflect contemporary environmental construction in his series New Landscapes. By portraying a variety of natural environments brought by urbanization in the contemporary period, Lu deconstructs traditional Chinese paintings and reconstructs contemporary photographic practices. The primary object of this study is to investigate how Chinese photographer Yao Lu redefines and re-interprets the relationship between tradition and contemporaneity. In this study, Yao Lu’s series work New Landscapes is used for photo elicitation, which seeks to broaden understanding of the development of Chinese landscape photography. Furthermore, discourse analysis will be used to evaluate how Chinese social developments influence the creation of photographic practices. Through visual and discourse analysis, this study aims to excavate the relationship between tradition and contemporaneity in Lu’s works. According to New Landscapes, the study argues that in Lu’s interpretations of landscapes, tradition and contemporaneity are seen to establish a new relationship. Traditional approaches to creation do not become obsolete over time. On the contrary, traditional notions and styles of creation can shed new light on contemporary issues or techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20aesthetics" title="Chinese aesthetics">Chinese aesthetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yao%20Lu" title=" Yao Lu"> Yao Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20landscapes" title=" new landscapes"> new landscapes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tradition" title=" tradition"> tradition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contemporaneity" title=" contemporaneity"> contemporaneity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161088/new-chinese-landscapes-in-the-works-of-the-chinese-photographer-yao-lu" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6936</span> Characteristics of Pakistani Business Leaders: A Psychological Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Haseeb%20Nisar">Hafiz Haseeb Nisar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Bilal"> Maryam Bilal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This qualitative study was conducted to investigate the underlying dynamics, key success factors and characteristics of Pakistani business leaders. The sample included 5 top businessmen from different business sectors. They were approached through the magazine “Manager Today” office in Lahore. Semi-structured interview technique was used to understand their experiences, attitudes, styles of management and key factors in their business success. Grounded theory was employed to analyze data. The following themes emerged as characteristics of business leaders: optimism, assertiveness, professionalism, effective management style, business knowledge/ excellence, supportive family and strong faith in God. It was noted that all these were interlinked, which leads the businessmen to become a successful business tycoon of this country. The importance of this study rests in its eastern contribution to the theoretical framework of the psychology of business leaders and particularly these findings will help to realize the basic key factors of success behind a business leader in Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20psychology" title="business psychology">business psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics" title=" characteristics"> characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20personality%20factors" title=" key personality factors"> key personality factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117865/characteristics-of-pakistani-business-leaders-a-psychological-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6935</span> Learning Chinese Suprasegmentals for a Better Communicative Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi%20Wang">Qi Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chinese has become a powerful worldwide language and millions of learners are studying it all over the words. Chinese is a tone language with unique meaningful characters, which makes foreign learners master it with more difficulties. On the other hand, as each foreign language, the learners of Chinese first will learn the basic Chinese Sound Structure (the initials and finals, tones, Neutral Tone and Tone Sandhi). It’s quite common that in the following studies, teachers made a lot of efforts on drilling and error correcting, in order to help students to pronounce correctly, but ignored the training of suprasegmental features (e.g. stress, intonation). This paper analysed the oral data based on our graduation students (two-year program) from 2006-2013, presents the intonation pattern of our graduates to speak Chinese as second language -high and plain with heavy accents, without lexical stress, appropriate stop endings and intonation, which led to the misunderstanding in different real contexts of communications and the international official Chinese test, e.g. HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test), HSKK (HSK Speaking Test). This paper also demonstrated how the Chinese to use the suprasegmental features strategically in different functions and moods (declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory and rhetorical intonations) in order to train the learners to achieve better Communicative Performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20language%20learning" title="second language learning">second language learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suprasegmental" title=" suprasegmental"> suprasegmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HSK%20%28Chinese%20Proficiency%20Test%29" title=" HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test)"> HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23187/learning-chinese-suprasegmentals-for-a-better-communicative-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20family%20business&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20family%20business&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20family%20business&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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