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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Akademiese loopbaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akademiese_loopbaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Botsende_beskawings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Botsende_beskawings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Botsende beskawings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Botsende_beskawings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bronne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Samuel Huntington</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 65 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="صامويل هنتنجتون – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صامويل هنتنجتون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="صامويل هنتنجتون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="صامويل هنتنجتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Hantinqton" title="Samuel Hantinqton – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Samuel Hantinqton" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="ساموئل هانتینقتون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ساموئل هانتینقتون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8E%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сэмюэл Філіпс Хантынгтан – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сэмюэл Філіпс Хантынгтан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8E%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Самюъл Хънтингтън – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Самюъл Хънтингтън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF._%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8" title="স্যামুয়েল পি. হান্টিংটন – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্যামুয়েল পি. হান্টিংটন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Phillips_Huntington" title="Samuel Phillips Huntington – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Samuel Phillips Huntington" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Хантингтон Самуэль – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хантингтон Самуэль" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B5%CE%BB_%CE%A7%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Σάμιουελ Χάντιγκτον – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σάμιουελ Χάντιγκτον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="ساموئل هانتینگتون – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ساموئل هانتینگتون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="סמואל הנטינגטון – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סמואל הנטינגטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A5%B0_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="सैमुअल पी॰ हंटिंगटन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सैमुअल पी॰ हंटिंगटन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Սամուել Հանթինգտոն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սամուել Հանթինգտոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BBP%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3" title="サミュエル・P・ハンティントン – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サミュエル・P・ハンティントン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სემუელ ჰანტინგტონი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სემუელ ჰანტინგტონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8E%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Самюель Хантингтон – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Самюель Хантингтон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%88%EB%AE%A4%EC%96%BC_P._%ED%97%8C%ED%8C%85%ED%84%B4" title="새뮤얼 P. 헌팅턴 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="새뮤얼 P. 헌팅턴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Хантингтон Самуэл – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Хантингтон Самуэл" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Philippus_Huntington" title="Samuel Philippus Huntington – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Samuel Philippus Huntington" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Phillips_Huntington" title="Samuel Phillips Huntington – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Samuel Phillips Huntington" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semjuels_Hantingtons" title="Semjuels Hantingtons – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Semjuels Hantingtons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Семјуел Хантингтон – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Семјуел Хантингтон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BA" title="സാമുവൽ പി.ഹണ്ടിങ്ടൺ – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാമുവൽ പി.ഹണ്ടിങ്ടൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сэмуэл Филлипс Хантингтон – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сэмуэл Филлипс Хантингтон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸੈਮੂਅਲ ਪੀ ਹੰਟਿੰਗਟਨ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੈਮੂਅਲ ਪੀ ਹੰਟਿੰਗਟਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Phillips_Huntington" title="Samuel Phillips Huntington – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Samuel Phillips Huntington" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8E%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Хантингтон, Сэмюэл Филлипс – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хантингтон, Сэмюэл Филлипс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Phillips_Huntington" title="Samuel Phillips Huntington – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Samuel Phillips Huntington" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Samuel Huntington – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Samuel Huntington" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A4._%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Самјуел Ф. Хантингтон – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Самјуел Ф. Хантингтон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8E%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сэмюэл Ҳантингтон – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сэмюэл Ҳантингтон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Самуель Гантінгтон – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Самуель Гантінгтон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%BC%AA%E5%B0%94%C2%B7P%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%BB%B7%E9%A1%BF" title="塞缪尔·P·亨廷顿 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="塞缪尔·P·亨廷顿" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%B9%86%E7%88%BE%C2%B7P%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%BB%B7%E9%A0%93" title="塞繆爾·P·亨廷頓 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塞繆爾·P·亨廷頓" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_P._Huntington" title="Samuel P. Huntington – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Samuel P. Huntington" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19074#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Huntington" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Samuel_Huntington" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Huntington"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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dir="ltr"><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold"><div class="fn" style="display:inline">Samuel P. Huntington</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Samuel_P._Huntington_(2004_World_Economic_Forum).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Samuel_P._Huntington_%282004_World_Economic_Forum%29.jpg/220px-Samuel_P._Huntington_%282004_World_Economic_Forum%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Samuel_P._Huntington_%282004_World_Economic_Forum%29.jpg/330px-Samuel_P._Huntington_%282004_World_Economic_Forum%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Samuel_P._Huntington_%282004_World_Economic_Forum%29.jpg/440px-Samuel_P._Huntington_%282004_World_Economic_Forum%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2150" data-file-height="1514" /></a></span><div>Samuel Huntington in 2004 by die World Economic Forum</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Gebore</th><td><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Samuel Phillips Huntington</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1927-04-18</span>)</span>18 April 1927<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Stad" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Stad">New York Stad</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(deelstaat)" title="New York (deelstaat)">New York</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Sterf</th><td>24 Desember 2008 (op 81)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">Martha's Vineyard, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Nasionaliteit</th><td class="category"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Verenigde State van Amerika"><img alt="Vlag van Verenigde State van Amerika" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Verenigde State</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Alma mater</th><td>Harvard-universiteit, Universiteit van Chicago, <a href="/wiki/Yale-universiteit" title="Yale-universiteit">Yale-universiteit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Beroep</th><td class="role">Politoloog</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Bekend vir</th><td><i>The Clash of Civilizations</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Politieke party</th><td class="org"><a href="/wiki/Demokratiese_Party_(Verenigde_State)" title="Demokratiese Party (Verenigde State)">Demokratiese Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ouer(s)</th><td>Dorothy Sanborn (née Phillips) en Richard Thomas Huntington</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Samuel Phillips Huntington</b> (<a href="/wiki/New_York" title="New York">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/18_April" title="18 April">18 April</a> <a href="/wiki/1927" title="1927">1927</a> – Martha's Vineyard, <a href="/wiki/24_Desember" title="24 Desember">24 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>) was 'n <a href="/wiki/Amerikaanse" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerikaanse">Amerikaanse</a> politiekoloog. Hy was hoogleraar aan die <a href="/wiki/Harvard-universiteit" title="Harvard-universiteit">Harvard-universiteit</a> en verwerf bekendheid deur sy werk <i>The Clash of Civilizations</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Huntington is gebore op 18 April 1927 in New York. Hy was die seun van uitgewer Richard Thomas Huntington en Dorothy Sanborn, skryfster van kort verhale. Sy grootvader van moederskant was ook uitgewer: John Sanborn Phillips (1861-1949) was een van die stigters van die invloedryke politiek-literêre maandblad <i>McClure's Magazine</i> en later van die meer populêre <i>The American Magazine.</i> </p><p>Huntington studeer aan die <a href="/wiki/Yale-universiteit" title="Yale-universiteit">Yale-universiteit</a> en behaal sy einddiploma met onderskeiding op sy agttiende leeftyd. Na sy diens in die leër het hy 'n meesters graad aan die universiteit van Chicago behaal. Sy doktorsgraad behaal hy aan die universiteit van Harvard, waar hy daarna as 23 jarige klasgee in die <a href="/wiki/Politieke_wetenskap" title="Politieke wetenskap">politieke wetenskap</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Akademiese_loopbaan">Akademiese loopbaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Akademiese loopbaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Akademiese loopbaan"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Van 1950-1959 was hy werksaam in Harvard, waar hy klas gegee het in bestuurskunde. In <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> publiseer hy sy eerste belangrike boek, <i>The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations,</i> wat geïnspireer was deur die ontslag weens insubordinasie van generaal <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a> teen president <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> in <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a>. Omdat die boek by verskynsel baie omstrede was, is Huntington ontslaan in <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>. Met sy vriend die politikoloog <a href="/wiki/Zbigniew_Brzezi%C5%84ski" title="Zbigniew Brzeziński">Zbigniew Brzeziński</a>, wat ook deur Harvard uitgewerk is, vertrek hy na die Columbia-universiteit in New York, waar hy universiter hoofdosent geword het en ook die funksie het van onderdirekteur van die Instituut vir Oorlog en Vrede Studies word. In <a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a> is Huntington gevra om terug te kom na Harvard om daar hoogleraar te word. Hy het ingestem tot die versoek, en bly daar aan as hoogleraar politieke wetenskap tot met sy dood. In <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a> is hy lid van die Amerikaanse Akademie vir Kuns en Wetenskap. In <a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a> stig hy met die diplomaat Warren Demian Manshel die tydskrif <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i>. </p><p>Sy tweede belangrike boek was <i>Political Order in Changing Societies</i> (<a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>), waarin hy die opvatting kritiseer dat ekonomiese en sosiale vooruitgang in onlangs gedekoloniseerde lande outomaties stabiele <a href="/wiki/Demokrasie" title="Demokrasie">demokrasie</a> sou oplewer. </p><p>As adviseur van die Amerikaanse ministerie van Buitenlandse Sake adviseer hy, ook deur 'n invloedryke artikel in die tydskrif <i>Foreign Affairs</i> (1968), vir die konsentrasie van die landelike bevolking van Suid-Vietnam as metode om die <a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%ABtkong" title="Viëtkong">Viëtkong</a> te isoleer. Hy was ook mede-outeur van <i>The Crisis of Democracy</i>, oor die regeerbaarheid van demokrasieë.Dit was 'n verslag uit <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> aan die Trilaterale Kommissie, 'n dinktenk gestig deur David Rockefeller. Onder <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> was hy in 1977-1978 veiligheidskoordineerder van die Nasionale Veiligheidsraad, die presidentiële advieskommissie van Buitenlandse Sake. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Botsende_beskawings">Botsende beskawings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Botsende beskawings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Botsende beskawings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Clash_of_Civilizations_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Clash_of_Civilizations_map.png/220px-Clash_of_Civilizations_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Clash_of_Civilizations_map.png/330px-Clash_of_Civilizations_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Clash_of_Civilizations_map.png/440px-Clash_of_Civilizations_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1265" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Kaart gebaseer op Huntington se "Botsende beskawings". Die  Westerse-, Latynse-Amerikaanse-, Japannese-, Chinese-, Hindoeïstiese-, Islamitiese-, Ortodokse- en  Afrika-kulture.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a> het Huntington die artikel <i>The Clash of Civilizations?</i> gepubliseer in die blad <i>Foreign Affairs</i>. Die idees bou hy uit in die boek <i>The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order</i> (<a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>). Huntington stel dat in die 21ste eeu die konflikte veral tussen <a href="/wiki/Kultuur" title="Kultuur">kulture</a> in plaas van ideologieë sou afspeel. Huntington onderskei die volgende kulture: </p> <ul><li>Die <a href="/wiki/Weste" title="Weste">Westerse</a> kultuur</li> <li>Die <a href="/wiki/Oosters-Ortodokse_Kerk" title="Oosters-Ortodokse Kerk">Oosters-ortodokse kultuur</a></li> <li>Die <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrikakultuur</a></li> <li>Die <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamietiese</a> kultuur</li> <li>Die <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">Chinese kultuur</a></li> <li>Die <a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme">Hindoe-kultuur</a></li> <li>Die <a href="/wiki/Latyns-Amerika" title="Latyns-Amerika">Latyns-Amerikaanse</a> kultuur</li> <li>Die <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japannese</a> kultuur</li></ul> <p>Terwyl daar in die <a href="/wiki/Koue_Oorlog" title="Koue Oorlog">Koue Oorlog</a> <a href="/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie">ideologiese</a> konflik tussen die kapitalistiese Weste en die kommunistiese Oos-Blok plaasgevind het, sien Huntington dit nou as konflik tussen die genoemde groot beskawings. Hierdie kulturele benadering kontrasteer die kontemporêre wêreld met die klassieke idee van soewereine state, waarin kulturele verskille verstaan moet word, en kultuur eerder as die staat aanvaar moet word as die rede vir huidige en toekomstige konflik. So, Westerse nasies sal hul dominante posisie verloor as hulle nie die onversoenbare aard van kulturele spanning erken nie. Huntington argumenteer dat hierdie na-Koue Oorlog-verskuiwing in geopolitieke organisasies en strukture van die Weste vereis om hulself kultureel te versterk deur die opsegging van sy ideaal van demokratiese universalisme en sy onophoudelike militêre ingryping. Ter beklemtoning van dié punt het Huntington in <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> gesê: "In die opkomende wêreld van etniese konflik en burgerlike botsing het Westerse geloof in die universaliteit van die Westerse kultuur drie probleme: dit is vals, dit is immoreel, en dit is gevaarlik." </p><p>Kritici (byvoorbeeld artikels in <i>Le Monde Diplomatique</i>) stel dat <i>The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order</i> voorsien die teoretiese legitimering van Amerikaans-veroorsaakte Westerse aggressie teen China en die wêreld se Islamitiese en Ortodokse kulture. Ander kritici argumenteer dat Huntington se <a href="/wiki/Taksonomie" class="mw-redirect" title="Taksonomie">taksonomie</a> vereenvoudig en arbitrêr is en nie die interne dinamika en partydige spanning binne beskawings in ag neem nie. Verder beweer kritici dat Huntington ideologiese mobilisering deur elite en onvervulde sosio-ekonomiese behoeftes van die bevolking verwaarloos as die werklike oorsaaklike faktore van konflik. Dit ignoreer ook konflikte wat nie goed pas by die kulturele grense wat deur hom geïdentifiseer is nie, en hulle reken dat sy nuwe paradigma is niks anders as realistiese denke waarin "state" vervang word deur "beskawings" nie. Huntington se invloed op die Amerikaanse beleid is vergelyk met dié van die Britse historikus <a href="/wiki/Arnold_J._Toynbee" title="Arnold J. Toynbee">Arnold J. Toynbee</a> se omstrede godsdienstige teorieë oor Asiatiese leiers in die vroeë twintigste eeu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronne">Bronne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Huntington&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bronne"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Atlantic</i>, December 2001: <a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Kaplan" title="Robert D. Kaplan">Robert D. Kaplan</a>, 'Looking the World in the Eye'</li> <li><i>Book of Members</i>, 1780-2010: Chapter H. American Academy of Arts and Sciences.</li> <li><i>Samuel Huntington, 81, political scientist, scholar</i>, Harvard Gazette. 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