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class="mw-page-title-main">George David Birkhoff</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 29 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="جورج دافيد بيركهوف – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جورج دافيد بيركهوف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="جورج دیوید بیرکهوف – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جورج دیوید بیرکهوف" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AB" title="জর্জ ডেভিড বার্কফ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জর্জ ডেভিড বার্কফ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Джордж Дэвід Біркгаф – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джордж Дэвід Біркгаф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Birkhoff" title="George Birkhoff – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="George Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="جورج دیوید بیرکهوف – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جورج دیوید بیرکهوف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%B2%84%EC%BD%94%ED%94%84" title="조지 데이비드 버코프 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조지 데이비드 버코프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgius_David_Birkhoff" title="Georgius David Birkhoff – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Georgius David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="جورج دافيد بيركهوف – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جورج دافيد بيركهوف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%83%93%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B3%E3%83%95" title="ジョージ・デビット・バーコフ – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョージ・デビット・バーコフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Биркгоф, Джордж Дэвид – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Биркгоф, Джордж Дэвид" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="George David Birkhoff" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Джордж Девід Біркгоф – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джордж Девід Біркгоф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="乔治·戴维·伯克霍夫 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="乔治·戴维·伯克霍夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q327301#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusjon:George_David_Birkhoff&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden (ikke skrevet ennå) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24829246"><table class="infobox infoboks biografi fastbredde"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">George David Birkhoff</th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:George_David_Birkhoff_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/George_David_Birkhoff_1.jpg/250px-George_David_Birkhoff_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/George_David_Birkhoff_1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="268" data-file-height="326" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P1477 edit-props-P569 edit-props-P19">Født</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><span><span lang="en">George David Birkhoff</span></span></span><br /><span><a href="/wiki/21._mars" title="21. mars">21. mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1884" title="1884">1884</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-hash-e3f7e60fd57a19a620f403bcf0bc3c7519ed92fc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-e3f7e60fd57a19a620f403bcf0bc3c7519ed92fc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-4c32aa167f60807edb223d2ed559b5776055d884_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-4c32aa167f60807edb223d2ed559b5776055d884-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-b548f0c7ccd215eef47d8ad7c3809bee12e7c0f4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-b548f0c7ccd215eef47d8ad7c3809bee12e7c0f4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-af5afccd3b3725c5518628433f983664aae5eed8_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-af5afccd3b3725c5518628433f983664aae5eed8-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327301?uselang=nb#P569" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span><br />Overisel Township</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P570 edit-props-P20 edit-props-P509">Død</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><a href="/wiki/12._november" title="12. november">12. nov.</a> <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-hash-4c32aa167f60807edb223d2ed559b5776055d884_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-4c32aa167f60807edb223d2ed559b5776055d884-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-b548f0c7ccd215eef47d8ad7c3809bee12e7c0f4_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-b548f0c7ccd215eef47d8ad7c3809bee12e7c0f4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-af5afccd3b3725c5518628433f983664aae5eed8_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-af5afccd3b3725c5518628433f983664aae5eed8-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-f5d268875404c23d935e464877a70ef62b5e7de9_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-f5d268875404c23d935e464877a70ef62b5e7de9-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327301?uselang=nb#P570" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> (60 år)<br /><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_(Massachusetts)" title="Cambridge (Massachusetts)">Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Beskjeftigelse</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Matematiker" title="Matematiker">Matematiker</a>, topolog, <a href="/wiki/Universitetsl%C3%A6rer" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitetslærer">universitetslærer</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327301?uselang=nb#P106" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Akademisk grad</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">Master of Arts</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 1906">1906</span>) (deles ut av: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />bachelorgrad (<span title="tidspunkt: 1905">1905</span>) (deles ut av: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Filosofisk_doktorgrad" title="Filosofisk doktorgrad">ph.d.</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 1907">1907</span>) (deles ut av: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Utdannet ved</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<span title="startdato: 1903">1903</span>–<span title="sluttdato: 1905">1905</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> (<span title="startdato: 1902">1902</span>–)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Doktorgrads-<br />veileder</th><td colspan="2">E. H. Moore<sup id="cite_ref-hash-0b030117b5946a36227d34fa39dd055c9a616975_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-0b030117b5946a36227d34fa39dd055c9a616975-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Barn</th><td colspan="2">Garrett Birkhoff<br />Barbara Birkhoff</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Nasjonalitet</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Gravlagt</th><td colspan="2">Mount Auburn Cemetery<sup id="cite_ref-hash-e5823a4f28d35706cd7a689da3822f942b5306e6_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-e5823a4f28d35706cd7a689da3822f942b5306e6-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Medlem av</th><td colspan="2"> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <div class="sentrert">8 oppføringer</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a> (<span title="startdato: 1918">1918</span>–)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-b65d0246cd54cfe2a9e346aefa9cf0f3ba5fac27_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-b65d0246cd54cfe2a9e346aefa9cf0f3ba5fac27-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Göttingens vitenskapsakademi<br /><a href="/wiki/Det_pavelige_vitenskapsakademi" title="Det pavelige vitenskapsakademi">Det pavelige vitenskapsakademi</a><sup id="cite_ref-hash-2dd50e363897e55cd650f53a7c7a382930a3635a_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-2dd50e363897e55cd650f53a7c7a382930a3635a-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />American Academy of Arts and Sciences (<span title="startdato: 1913">1913</span>–)<br />American Philosophical Society<sup id="cite_ref-hash-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a><sup id="cite_ref-hash-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Edinburgh Mathematical Society (<span title="tidspunkt: 1927">1927</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Det_Kongelige_Danske_Videnskabernes_Selskab" title="Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab">Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab</a></div> </div> </td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Utmerkelser</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B4cherprisen" title="Bôcherprisen">Bôcherprisen</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 1923">1923</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-8ac5cb944b331891b31cb02a612ae1a833fcb446_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-8ac5cb944b331891b31cb02a612ae1a833fcb446-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Edinburgh" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh">Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 1943">1943</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Newcomb Cleveland Prize (<span title="tidspunkt: 1926">1926</span>)<br />Æresdoktor ved Sorbonne (<span title="tidspunkt: 7. aug. 1936">1936</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-bad24bee81bc1182bf2eb21a320e64b9810ef071_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-bad24bee81bc1182bf2eb21a320e64b9810ef071-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-4f1047a321e155d5e4acb45e0047e98556377f22_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-4f1047a321e155d5e4acb45e0047e98556377f22-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Honorary doctor of the University of Poitiers (<span title="tidspunkt: 1933">1933</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-a93d197adc408a97ec9adf14949e837b3f75bf6d_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-a93d197adc408a97ec9adf14949e837b3f75bf6d-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Arbeidssted</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> (<span title="startdato: 1909">1909</span>–<span title="sluttdato: 1912">1912</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<span title="startdato: 1912">1912</span>–<span title="sluttdato: 1944">1944</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />University of Wisconsin (<span title="startdato: 1907">1907</span>–<span title="sluttdato: 1909">1909</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Fagfelt</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Topologi" title="Topologi">Topologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematikk" title="Matematikk">matematikk</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ergodeteori,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trelegemeproblemet" title="Trelegemeproblemet">trelegemeproblemet</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tallteori" title="Tallteori">tallteori</a><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Doktorgrads-<br />studenter</th><td colspan="2"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <div class="sentrert">47 oppføringer</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content">Marston Morse (<span title="tidspunkt: 1917">1917</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Marshall Harvey Stone (<span title="tidspunkt: 1926">1926</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Hassler Whitney (<span title="tidspunkt: 1932">1932</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Bernard Koopman (<span title="tidspunkt: 1926">1926</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />David Widder (<span title="tidspunkt: 1924">1924</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Robert Daniel Carmichael (<span title="tidspunkt: 1911">1911</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Charles Bradfield Morrey (<span title="tidspunkt: 1931">1931</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Clarence Raymond Adams (<span title="tidspunkt: 1922">1922</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Isador M. Sheffer (<span title="tidspunkt: 1927">1927</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Raymond Woodard Brink (<span title="tidspunkt: 1916">1916</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Heinrich Wilhelm Brinkmann (<span title="tidspunkt: 1925">1925</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Richard Clippinger (<span title="tidspunkt: 1940">1940</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Frances Cope (<span title="tidspunkt: 1932">1932</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Rudolf Ernest Langer (<span title="tidspunkt: 1922">1922</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Eleanor Pairman (<span title="tidspunkt: 1922">1922</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Griffith Baley Price (<span title="tidspunkt: 1932">1932</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Rainard B. Robbins (<span title="tidspunkt: 1914">1914</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Joseph Slepian (<span title="tidspunkt: 1913">1913</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Turner L. Smith (<span title="tidspunkt: 1931">1931</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Joseph Leonard Walsh (<span title="tidspunkt: 1920">1920</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Kenneth P. Williams (<span title="tidspunkt: 1913">1913</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />David G. Bourgin<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Hyman Joseph Ettlinger<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Daniel Clark Lewis, Jr.<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />John J. L. Hinrichsen<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Rainard B. Robbins<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Levi Thomas Wilson<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Paul Mason Batchelder<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Norman Miller<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Carl Arshag Garabedian<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Ben Zion Linfield<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Forrest Hamilton Murray<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Herman Betz<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Julian Laurence Holley<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Lewis Edes Ward<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Carl Jenness Coe<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Chin-Nien Liu<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Frederick Henry Steen<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Alan Stuart Galbraith<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Otis Ewing Lancaster<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Robert E. Street<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Arnold Didrik Hestenes<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Fausto Garcia Gravalos<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Robert Eric O'Connor<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Paul Ernest Guenther<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Clarence Newton Reynolds, Jr.<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Jeanne Starrett Agnew (LeCaine)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </div></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Kjent for</th><td colspan="2"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <div class="sentrert">13 oppføringer</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content">Ergodic theorem<sup id="cite_ref-hash-6ddba9745c61aed5f408b43b8b430b317e2f26a4_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-6ddba9745c61aed5f408b43b8b430b317e2f26a4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Jebsen-Birkhoffs_teorem" title="Jebsen-Birkhoffs teorem">Jebsen-Birkhoffs teorem</a><br />Poincaré–Birkhoff theorem<br />Birkhoff–Kellogg invariant-direction theorem<br />Birkhoff–Grothendieck theorem<br />Birkhoff–Khinchin theorem<br />Birkhoff's representation theorem<br />Birkhoff's axioms<br />Birkhoff factorization<br />Birkhoff interpolation<br />Poincaré–Birkhoff–Witt theorem<br />Birkhoff polytope<br />Birkhoff orthogonality</div> </div></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:George_David_Birkhoff" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:George David Birkhoff">George David Birkhoff på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>George David Birkhoff</b> (1884–1944) var en <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">amerikansk</a> matematiker. Han var en av de viktigste lederne innen amerikansk matematikk i sin generasjon, og på sitt beste ansett av mange som den fremste amerikanske matematikeren.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Matematikeren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garrett_Birkhoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garrett Birkhoff (ikke skrevet ennå)">Garrett Birkhoff</a> (1911–1996) var hans sønn. <a href="/wiki/Leroy_P._Steele-prisen" title="Leroy P. Steele-prisen">Leroy P. Steele-prisen</a> ble innstiftet til minne om blant andre George David Birkhoff. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karriere">Karriere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Karriere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Karriere"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Birkhoff studerte først ved <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> og tok doktorgraden på en avhandling om <a href="/wiki/Differensialligning" title="Differensialligning">differensialligninger</a> ved <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a>. Selv om <a href="/w/index.php?title=E._H._Moore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E. H. Moore (ikke skrevet ennå)">E. H. Moore</a> var hans veileder, ble han var mest påvirket av skriftene til <a href="/wiki/Henri_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Henri Poincaré">Henri Poincaré</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Etter å ha undervist ved <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin</a> og <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, ble han professor ved <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> fra 1912 inntil sin død. Han hadde en stor innvirkning matematikere i <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a>, gjennom undervisningen og den banebrytende forskingen sin.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Trenger_referanse" title="Hjelp:Trenger referanse"><span title="Foregående påstand trenger referanse">trenger referanse</span></a></i>]</sup> Forskingen hans var hovedsakelig innen <a href="/wiki/Matematisk_analyse" title="Matematisk analyse">matematisk analyse</a> og analyse benyttet på <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynamisk_system&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dynamisk system (ikke skrevet ennå)">dynamiske system</a>, der navnet hans særlig er knyttet opp mot det såkalte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ergodeteoremet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ergodeteoremet (ikke skrevet ennå)">ergodeteoremet</a>, som har mange bruksområder. </p><p>På slutten av livet utga Birkhoff to litt annerledes verk. I hans <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aesthetic_Measure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aesthetic Measure (ikke skrevet ennå)">Aesthetic Measure</a></i> fra 1933 konstruerte han en matematisk teori for <a href="/wiki/Estetikk" title="Estetikk">estetikk</a>. Mens han skrev boken, brukte han et år på å studere kunsten, musikken og poesien til forskjellige kulturer rundt om i verden. Hans <i>Electricity as a Fluid</i> fra 1938 kombinerte hans ideer om filosofi og vitenskap. Hans <a href="/wiki/Gravitasjon" title="Gravitasjon">gravitasjonsteori</a> fra 1943 er også gåtefull, siden Birkhoff viste (men ikke syntes å legge vekt på) at hans teori tillater som kilder bare stoff som er en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perfekt_v%C3%A6ske&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perfekt væske (ikke skrevet ennå)">perfekt væske</a> hvor <a href="/wiki/Lydens_hastighet" title="Lydens hastighet">lydens hastighet</a> må være lik <a href="/wiki/Lysets_hastighet" title="Lysets hastighet">lysets hastighet</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verv">Verv</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Verv" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Verv"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Visepresident for <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Mathematical Society (ikke skrevet ennå)">American Mathematical Society</a>, 1919.</li> <li>President for American Mathematical Society, 1925–1926.</li> <li>Redaktør for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transactions_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (ikke skrevet ennå)">Transactions of the American Mathematical Society</a>, 1920–1924.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografi_(utvalg)"><span id="Bibliografi_.28utvalg.29"></span>Bibliografi (utvalg)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Bibliografi (utvalg)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bibliografi (utvalg)"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_1941" title="Vitenskapsåret 1941">1941</a> – <i>Basic Geometry</i> (sammen med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Beatley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Beatley (ikke skrevet ennå)">Ralph Beatley</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_1933" title="Vitenskapsåret 1933">1933</a> – <i>Aesthetic Measure</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_1928" title="Vitenskapsåret 1928">1928</a> – <i>Dynamical Systems</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_1923" title="Vitenskapsåret 1923">1923</a> – <i>Relativity and Modern Physics</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_1917" title="Vitenskapsåret 1917">1917</a> – <i>Dynamical Systems with Two Degrees of Freedom</i> <i>Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 18</i>: 199–300.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_1913" title="Vitenskapsåret 1913">1913</a> – <i>Proof of Poincaré's geometric theorem</i> <i>Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 14</i>: 14–22.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Priser_og_utmerkelser_(utvalg)"><span id="Priser_og_utmerkelser_.28utvalg.29"></span>Priser og utmerkelser (utvalg)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Priser og utmerkelser (utvalg)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Priser og utmerkelser (utvalg)"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitenskaps%C3%A5ret_1923" title="Vitenskapsåret 1923">1923</a> – <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B4cherprisen" title="Bôcherprisen">Bôcherprisen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-hash-e3f7e60fd57a19a620f403bcf0bc3c7519ed92fc-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-e3f7e60fd57a19a620f403bcf0bc3c7519ed92fc_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></span></span>, besøkt 27. april 2014<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-4c32aa167f60807edb223d2ed559b5776055d884-2"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-4c32aa167f60807edb223d2ed559b5776055d884_2-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-4c32aa167f60807edb223d2ed559b5776055d884_2-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>annuaire prosopographique: la France savante</span></span>, CTHS person-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cths.fr/an/savant.php?id=118933">118933</a></span></span>, besøkt 9. oktober 2017<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-b548f0c7ccd215eef47d8ad7c3809bee12e7c0f4-3"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-b548f0c7ccd215eef47d8ad7c3809bee12e7c0f4_3-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-b548f0c7ccd215eef47d8ad7c3809bee12e7c0f4_3-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">Store norske leksikon</a></span></span>, Store norske leksikon-ID <span><span><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=4342&url_prefix=https://snl.no/&id=George_David_Birkhoff">George_David_Birkhoff</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-af5afccd3b3725c5518628433f983664aae5eed8-4"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-af5afccd3b3725c5518628433f983664aae5eed8_4-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-af5afccd3b3725c5518628433f983664aae5eed8_4-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Brockhaus_Enzyklop%C3%A4die" title="Brockhaus Enzyklopädie">Brockhaus Enzyklopädie</a></span></span>, Brockhaus Online-Enzyklopädie-id <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/birkhoff-george-david">birkhoff-george-david</a></span></span>, besøkt 9. oktober 2017<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-f5d268875404c23d935e464877a70ef62b5e7de9-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-f5d268875404c23d935e464877a70ef62b5e7de9_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Social Networks and Archival Context</span></span>, SNAC Ark-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6xm23ds">w6xm23ds</a></span></span>, besøkt 9. oktober 2017<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c-6"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-5"><sup>f</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-6"><sup>g</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-7"><sup>h</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-8"><sup>i</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-9"><sup>j</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-ba3a774b19bcf6d42fd2452b328bf8b96c1bc75c_6-10"><sup>k</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Birkhoff.html">www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk</a>, besøkt 21. mars 2018<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-0b030117b5946a36227d34fa39dd055c9a616975-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-0b030117b5946a36227d34fa39dd055c9a616975_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span></span>, verkets språk <span><span><a href="/wiki/Engelsk" title="Engelsk">engelsk</a></span></span>, Mathematics Genealogy Project-identifikator <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=5879">5879</a></span></span>, besøkt 8. august 2016<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-e5823a4f28d35706cd7a689da3822f942b5306e6-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-e5823a4f28d35706cd7a689da3822f942b5306e6_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-b65d0246cd54cfe2a9e346aefa9cf0f3ba5fac27-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-b65d0246cd54cfe2a9e346aefa9cf0f3ba5fac27_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20000687.html">www.nasonline.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-2dd50e363897e55cd650f53a7c7a382930a3635a-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-2dd50e363897e55cd650f53a7c7a382930a3635a_10-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>www.pas.va</span></span>, PAS member ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pas.va/en/academicians/deceased/birkhoff.html">deceased/birkhoff</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d-11"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d_11-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d_11-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Notable Names Database</span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-8ac5cb944b331891b31cb02a612ae1a833fcb446-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-8ac5cb944b331891b31cb02a612ae1a833fcb446_12-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ams.org/profession/prizes-awards/pabrowse?purl=bocher-prize">www.ams.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-bad24bee81bc1182bf2eb21a320e64b9810ef071-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-bad24bee81bc1182bf2eb21a320e64b9810ef071_13-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=_lLqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1906&lpg=PA1906">books.google.fr</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-4f1047a321e155d5e4acb45e0047e98556377f22-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-4f1047a321e155d5e4acb45e0047e98556377f22_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>L'Information universitaire</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k4585659f/f2.item.r=honoris.zoom">gallica.bnf.fr</a>, utgitt 1. september 1936<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-a93d197adc408a97ec9adf14949e837b3f75bf6d-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-a93d197adc408a97ec9adf14949e837b3f75bf6d_15-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65601042/f62">gallica.bnf.fr</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2-16"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2_16-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2_16-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2_16-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-4a14dcf8f40453b75911c02fea99435247c6338e-v2_16-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://autority.nkp.cz/"><i>Tsjekkias nasjonale autoritetsdatabase</i></a>, NKC-identifikator ola2002153232, <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13550863" class="extiw" title="d:Q13550863">Q13550863</a><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://autority.nkp.cz/">http://autority.nkp.cz/</a></span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tsjekkias+nasjonale+autoritetsdatabase&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fautority.nkp.cz%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:George_David_Birkhoff"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99-17"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-5"><sup>f</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-6"><sup>g</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-7"><sup>h</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-8"><sup>i</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-9"><sup>j</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-10"><sup>k</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-11"><sup>l</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-12"><sup>m</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-13"><sup>n</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-14"><sup>o</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-15"><sup>p</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-16"><sup>q</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-17"><sup>r</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-18"><sup>s</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-19"><sup>t</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-20"><sup>u</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-21"><sup>v</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-22"><sup>w</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-23"><sup>x</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-24"><sup>y</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-25"><sup>z</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-26"><sup>æ</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-27"><sup>ø</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-28"><sup>å</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-29"><sup>aa</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-30"><sup>ab</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-31"><sup>ac</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-32"><sup>ad</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-33"><sup>ae</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-34"><sup>af</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-35"><sup>ag</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-36"><sup>ah</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-37"><sup>ai</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-38"><sup>aj</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-39"><sup>ak</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-40"><sup>al</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-41"><sup>am</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-42"><sup>an</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-43"><sup>ao</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-44"><sup>ap</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-45"><sup>aq</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-fe5b9a6e85f660a4cea0fc2b13b79783f0f02d99_17-46"><sup>ar</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-6ddba9745c61aed5f408b43b8b430b317e2f26a4-18"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-6ddba9745c61aed5f408b43b8b430b317e2f26a4_18-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-19"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-David-Birkhoff">«George David Birkhoff»</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Britannica">Britannica</a></i> (på engelsk)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 1. november 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+David+Birkhoff&rft.atitle=George+David+Birkhoff&rft.btitle=Britannica&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FGeorge-David-Birkhoff&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_David_Birkhoff&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Birkhoff.html">George David Birkhoff</a> hos School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=5879">George David Birkhoff</a> hos Mathematics Genealogy Project</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://darwin.nap.edu/books/0309082811/html/45.html">Birkhoff's biography</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" siden juli 2017" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:D%C3%B8de_eksterne_lenker" title="Wikipedia:Døde eksterne lenker">død lenke</a></i>]</span></sup> − fra <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Academies_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Academies Press (ikke skrevet ennå)">National Academies Press</a>, av <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Veblen" title="Oswald Veblen">Oswald Veblen</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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