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<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:h="http://www.hathitrust.org" lang="en" xml:lang="en" version="XHTML+RDFa 1.0"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link about="[_:uc1.b3728192]" rel="foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b3728192" /> <title>The philosophical magazine, ser.5 v.17. - Text-only - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/common/alicorn/css/main.201910.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/ssd/ssdstyles.css" type="text/css" /> <script src="/common/alicorn/js/utils.201910.js"></script> <script src="/ssd/access_banner.js"></script> <script src="/ssd/toc_links.js"></script> </head> <body><div id="mdpUberContainer"><div id="mdpHeaderContainer"><div id="mdpPageHeader"><a name="top" id="top"></a><h1>The philosophical magazine, ser.5 v.17. | HathiTrust Digital Library</h1><p><a style="font-weight: bold" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b3728192?urlappend=%3Bseq=137"> View this item in the Book Viewer </a></p><p>Use of this online version is subject to all U.S. copyright laws. Please do not save or redistribute this file.</p><div id="SSDcontact">For questions or comments, contact HathiTrust.org at <a href="mailto:support@hathitrust.org">support@hathitrust.org<br /></a></div><div><p>You have one page at a time access to this item. Authenticated members of HathiTrust institutions who have a print disability may have full-text access to this item. <a href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/wayf?target=https%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fssd%3Fid%3Duc1.b3728192%3Bseq%3D137%3Bnum%3D119" id="loginLink"> Login</a> to determine if you have access and see all volumes that are available when searching. For more information, see <a href="http://www.hathitrust.org/accessibility">HathiTrust Accessibility</a>. Page at a time access to this item is also available via our fully-styled HathiTrust interface.</p></div><div id="SSDjumps"><a href="#biblio">Go to full bibliographic information</a><br /><a href="#toc">Go to table of contents</a><br /><a href="#SkipToBookText">Skip table of contents and go to current page</a></div><div id="mdpItemMetadata"><h2><a name="biblio" id="biblio"></a>Full Bibliographic Information</h2><div class="mdpMetaDataRow"><div class="mdpMetaDataRegionHead">Title</div><div class="mdpMetaText"><span about="[_:uc1.b3728192]" property="dc:title" rel="dc:type" href="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text" content="The philosophical magazine, ser.5 v.17.">The philosophical magazine, ser.5 v.17.</span></div></div><div xmlns:METS="http://www.loc.gov/METS/" xmlns:PREMIS="http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis" id="mdpFlexible_1"><div class="mdpMetaDataRow"><div class="mdpMetaDataRegionHead">Published聽</div><div class="mdpMetaText"><span property="cc:attributionName" rel="cc:attributionURL" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b3728192" content="London, England :Taylor &amp; Francis,1798-c1977."></span><span property="dc:publisher" content="London, England :Taylor &amp; Francis,1798-c1977.">London, England :Taylor &amp; Francis,1798-c1977.</span></div></div><div class="mdpMetaDataRow"><div class="mdpMetaDataRegionHead">Description聽</div><div class="mdpMetaText">v. :ill. ;25 cm.</div></div><div class="mdpMetaDataRow"><div class="mdpMetaDataRegionHead">Rights聽</div><div class="mdpMetaText"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google">Public Domain, Google-digitized. </a></div></div><div class="mdpMetaDataRow"><div class="mdpMetaDataRegionHead">Permanent URL聽</div><div class="mdpMetaText"><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b3728192">https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b3728192</a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="ControlContentContainer"><div class="mdpControlContainer"><div id="mdpContentsList"><p></p><h2><a name="toc" id="toc">Table of Contents</a></h2><ul><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=1;num=">Front Cover</a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=7;num=i">Title Page<span> on page number i</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=9;num=iii">Table of Contents<span> on page number iii</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=15;num=1">Section 1<span> on page number 1</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=38;num=24">Section 2<span> on page number 24</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=46;num=30">Section 3<span> on page number 30</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=64;num=46">Section 4<span> on page number 46</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=77;num=59">Section 5<span> on page number 59</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=87;num=69">Section 6<span> on page number 69</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=93;num=75">Section 7<span> on page number 75</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=100;num=82">Section 8<span> on page number 82</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=129;num=111">Section 9<span> on page number 111</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=137;num=119">Section 10<span> on page number 119</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=155;num=135">Section 11<span> on page number 135</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=164;num=142">Section 12<span> on page number 142</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=170;num=148">Section 13<span> on page number 148</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=177;num=155">Section 14<span> on page number 155</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=178;num=156">Section 15<span> on page number 156</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=187;num=163">Section 16<span> on page number 163</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=197;num=173">Section 17<span> on page number 173</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=213;num=188">Section 18<span> on page number 188</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=220;num=194">Section 19<span> on page number 194</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=244;num=214">Section 20<span> on page number 214</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=271;num=239">Section 21<span> on page number 239</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=277;num=245">Section 22<span> on page number 245</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=283;num=249">Section 23<span> on page number 249</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=299;num=265">Section 24<span> on page number 265</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=309;num=275">Section 25<span> on page number 275</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=316;num=282">Section 26<span> on page number 282</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=338;num=302">Section 27<span> on page number 302</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=352;num=314">Section 28<span> on page number 314</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=359;num=321">Section 29<span> on page number 321</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=366;num=328">Section 30<span> on page number 328</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=392;num=352">Section 31<span> on page number 352</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=407;num=367">Section 32<span> on page number 367</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=417;num=377">Section 33<span> on page number 377</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=432;num=392">Section 34<span> on page number 392</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=438;num=398">Section 35<span> on page number 398</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=445;num=403">Section 36<span> on page number 403</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=451;num=409">Section 37<span> on page number 409</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=480;num=438">Section 38<span> on page number 438</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=489;num=447">Section 39<span> on page number 447</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=501;num=459">Section 40<span> on page number 459</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=533;num=487">Section 41<span> on page number 487</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=540;num=492">Section 42<span> on page number 492</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=559;num=507">Section 43<span> on page number 507</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=617;num=565">Index<span> on page number 565</span></a></li><li class="mdpFeatureListItem"><a href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;seq=624;num=">Section 44</a></li></ul></div></div><div id="mdpContentContainer"><a name="SkipToBookText" id="SkipToBookText"></a><h2 id="seq137">Section 10 - Page 119</h2><div id="mdpPage"><p class="Text">[ 119 ] XV. On the Theory of Dynamo-electrical Machines. By R. CLAUSIUS. [Concluded from p. 59.] 搂 8. Work of the Ponderomotive and Electromotive Force for the Case in which the Iron Core of the Rotating Coil is at rest. AFTER having expressed the magnetic moments, we may determine the work done by the ponderomotive force when the machine is in action. We will make an assumption, which is not indeed realized in the machines of ordinary construction, but the results of which may be readily transferred to these machines, and which facilitates the investigation. We will assume that the iron core of the rotating coil does not share the rotation of the latter, but is fixed, and that therewith the rotating coil rotates alone, in which it is subject to a double force, the force of the magnet acting from without, and the force of the magnetic iron core acting inwards *. The ponderomotive force which the fixed electromagnet exerts on the rotating coil, is proportional, on the one hand, to the magnetic moment M of the fixed electromagnet, and, on the other hand, it must be proportional to the magnetic moment of the current in the coil, and therewith be propor- tional to the above-mentioned magnitude N. We can there- fore represent the work done by this force in unit time, which, moreover, is proportional to the number of turns v, by the pro- duct of the value MNv into a constant factor. But in the direc- tion of that rotation which we must impart to the machine in order to produce a current, and which we will assume to be the positive direction of rotation, the work of the pondero- motive force is negative; for it acts in opposition to such a motion, and must be overcome by an extraneous force. It is therefore convenient to express this by affixing the minus sign to the constant factor, and it may accordingly be denoted by -h. The expression which thus determines this work is then -hMNv. The other ponderomotive force which the rotating coil expe- riences from the magnetic iron core in it is, like the former, proportional to the magnitude N. It depends, moreover, on Strictly speaking, two forces must be distinguished in reference to the fixed electromagnet-that is to say, first, the force exerted by the magnetic iron mass of the fixed electromagnet, and, second, the force directly exerted by the current which traverses the coil of the fixed elec- tromagnet. But since in the dynamo machines at present constructed the latter force is very small in comparison with the first, we will neglect this difference, and only consider the total force of the fixed electromagnet. </p><p><a class="navigation" href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;page=ssd;view=plaintext;seq=136;num=118"> Previous Page </a><br /><a class="navigation" href="/cgi/ssd?id=uc1.b3728192;page=ssd;view=plaintext;seq=138;num=120"> Next Page </a><br /> Return to <a href="#top">top</a>. </p></div></div></div></div><script type="text/javascript">var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? 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