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Camp (stil) - Wikipedia
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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultura_populară"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Cultura populară</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultura_populară-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cultura populară subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cultura_populară-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statele_Unite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statele_Unite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Statele Unite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statele_Unite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marea_Britanie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marea_Britanie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Marea Britanie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marea_Britanie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eurovision" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eurovision"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Eurovision</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eurovision-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Camp (stil)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 27 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp" title="Camp – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Camp" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est%C3%A8tica_camp" title="Estètica camp – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estètica camp" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(arddull)" title="Camp (arddull) – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Camp (arddull)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(kunst)" title="Camp (kunst) – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Camp (kunst)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(Kunst)" title="Camp (Kunst) – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Camp (Kunst)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(style)" title="Camp (style) – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Camp (style)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampo_(kulturo)" title="Kampo (kulturo) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kampo (kulturo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp" title="Camp – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Camp" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp" title="Camp – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Camp" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp" title="Camp – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Camp" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(style)" title="Camp (style) – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Camp (style)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A4" title="קאמפ – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קאמפ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(st%C3%ADlus)" title="Camp (stílus) – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Camp (stílus)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(arte)" title="Camp (arte) – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Camp (arte)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97_(%E6%A7%98%E5%BC%8F)" title="キャンプ (様式) – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キャンプ (様式)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98" title="კემპი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კემპი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%A0%ED%94%84_(%EC%96%91%EC%8B%9D)" title="캠프 (양식) – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캠프 (양식)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(cultuuruiting)" title="Camp (cultuuruiting) – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Camp (cultuuruiting)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamp_(estetyka)" title="Kamp (estetyka) – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kamp (estetyka)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp" title="Camp – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Camp" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF_(%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Кэмп (эстетика) – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кэмп (эстетика)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(stil)" title="Camp (stil) – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Camp (stil)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp" title="Camp – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Camp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp" title="Camp – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Camp" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF_(%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Кемп (естетика) – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кемп (естетика)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_(phong_c%C3%A1ch)" title="Camp (phong cách) – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Camp (phong cách)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%8E%E6%99%AE%E9%A3%8E" title="坎普风 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="坎普风" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q857784#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Camp_(stil)" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie:Camp_(stil)&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discuții despre această pagină — pagină inexistentă [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">română</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vizualizări"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Camp_(stil)"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Unelte</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Acțiuni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Camp_(stil)" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Camp_(stil)" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fi%C8%99ier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale" title="Lista tuturor paginilor speciale [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagini speciale</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&oldid=15905405" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" 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typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Camp_-_Notes_on_Fashion_at_the_Met_-_Walter_Van_Beirendonck_and_Vivienne_Westwood_(73851).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Camp_-_Notes_on_Fashion_at_the_Met_-_Walter_Van_Beirendonck_and_Vivienne_Westwood_%2873851%29.jpg/220px-Camp_-_Notes_on_Fashion_at_the_Met_-_Walter_Van_Beirendonck_and_Vivienne_Westwood_%2873851%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Camp_-_Notes_on_Fashion_at_the_Met_-_Walter_Van_Beirendonck_and_Vivienne_Westwood_%2873851%29.jpg/330px-Camp_-_Notes_on_Fashion_at_the_Met_-_Walter_Van_Beirendonck_and_Vivienne_Westwood_%2873851%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Camp_-_Notes_on_Fashion_at_the_Met_-_Walter_Van_Beirendonck_and_Vivienne_Westwood_%2873851%29.jpg/440px-Camp_-_Notes_on_Fashion_at_the_Met_-_Walter_Van_Beirendonck_and_Vivienne_Westwood_%2873851%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3419" data-file-height="4559" /></a><figcaption>Manechine în cadrul expoziției <i>Camp: Notes on Fashion</i>, <a href="/wiki/Met_Gala" title="Met Gala">Met Gala 2019</a>.<br /></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Camp</b> este un stil <a href="/wiki/Estetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Estetic">estetic</a> care are ca bază găsirea atractivității în obiecte de <a href="/wiki/Kitsch" title="Kitsch">prost gust</a>, prezentate într-o manieră <a href="/wiki/Ironie" title="Ironie">ironică</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În timp ce arta elevată caută să promoveze valori ca <a href="/wiki/Frumuse%C8%9Be" title="Frumusețe">frumusețea</a> și echilibrul, camp-ul se axează pe impetuozitate și dinamism. Stilul vizual este strâns legat de <a href="/wiki/Cultura_LGBT" title="Cultura LGBT">cultura gay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MallaMcGillis2005_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MallaMcGillis2005-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>În <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite" class="mw-redirect" title="Statele Unite">Statele Unite</a>, termenul a captat atenția națională odată cu publicarea <a href="/wiki/Eseu" title="Eseu">eseului</a> definitoriu <i>Notes on "Camp"</i> de <a href="/wiki/Susan_Sontag" title="Susan Sontag">Susan Sontag</a>, în 1964. Conform scriitoarei, esența stilului camp stă în „iubirea sa față de nenatural: de artificiu și exagerare”.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Met_Gala" title="Met Gala">Balul Met</a> și expoziția Institutului de Costume din <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City">New York</a> au avut în 2019 tematica <i>Camp: Notes on Fashion</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultura_populară"><span id="Cultura_popular.C4.83"></span>Cultura populară</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Cultura populară" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Cultura populară"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statele_Unite">Statele Unite</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Statele Unite" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Statele Unite"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="quotebox" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0 0.8em 1.4em; width: 22%; padding: 6px; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size: 88%; background-color: #F9F9F9;"> <div style="position: relative; text-align: left;"> <div> <p>Homosexualii și-au amprentat integrarea în societate prin promovarea simțului estetic. Camp-ul este un solvent al moralității. El neutralizează indignarea morală, încurajând ludicul. – <a href="/wiki/Susan_Sontag" title="Susan Sontag">Susan Sontag</a>, <i>Notes on "Camp"</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div> </div> <div style="text-align: left;"> </div> </div> <p>În 1964, filosoafa <a href="/wiki/Susan_Sontag" title="Susan Sontag">Susan Sontag</a> publică eseul <i>Notes on "Camp"</i> în <a href="/wiki/Revist%C4%83_literar%C4%83" title="Revistă literară">revista literară</a> <i>Partisan Review</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lucrarea încerca să definească tendința stilistică, enumerând totodată elemente ce aparțin canonului camp, precum lămpile <a href="/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co." title="Tiffany & Co.">Tiffany</a>, ilustrațiile lui <a href="/wiki/Aubrey_Beardsley" title="Aubrey Beardsley">Aubrey Beardsley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oper%C4%83" title="Operă">operele</a> lui <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a> și benzile desenate cu <a href="/wiki/Flash_Gordon" title="Flash Gordon">Flash Gordon</a>. Eseul avea să fie inclus doi ani mai târziu în colecția <i>Against Interpretation</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bob_Mackie_with_Bette_Midler,_Elton_John,_Cher_and_Flip_Wilson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bob_Mackie_with_Bette_Midler%2C_Elton_John%2C_Cher_and_Flip_Wilson.jpg/160px-Bob_Mackie_with_Bette_Midler%2C_Elton_John%2C_Cher_and_Flip_Wilson.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bob_Mackie_with_Bette_Midler%2C_Elton_John%2C_Cher_and_Flip_Wilson.jpg/240px-Bob_Mackie_with_Bette_Midler%2C_Elton_John%2C_Cher_and_Flip_Wilson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bob_Mackie_with_Bette_Midler%2C_Elton_John%2C_Cher_and_Flip_Wilson.jpg/320px-Bob_Mackie_with_Bette_Midler%2C_Elton_John%2C_Cher_and_Flip_Wilson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2434" data-file-height="3303" /></a><figcaption>Figuri camp ale <a href="/wiki/Anii_1970" title="Anii 1970">anilor '70</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bette_Midler" title="Bette Midler">Bette Midler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cher" title="Cher">Cher</a>, Bob Mackie și Filip Wilson.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cântăreața și actrița americană <a href="/wiki/Cher" title="Cher">Cher</a> este considerată posesoarea titlului de „regină a stilului camp” datorită costumațiilor sale scandaloase.<sup id="cite_ref-Sunday_Mirror_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sunday_Mirror-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ea a dobândit acest statut în <a href="/wiki/Anii_1970" title="Anii 1970">anii '70</a>, când și-a lansat emisiunile de varietăți în colaborare cu designerul Bob Mackie, și a devenit o prezență constantă la televiziunea americană din prime-time.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Telegraph_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Telegraph-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NY_Daily_News_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY_Daily_News-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Madonna" title="Madonna">Madonna</a> este un alt exemplu camp. Potrivit autoarei Carol Queen, „întreaga ei carieră până la publicarea cărții <i><a href="/wiki/Sex_(carte)" title="Sex (carte)">Sex</a></i>, inclusiv, a depins considerabil de reprezentări și viziuni camp asupra genului și sexului”.<sup id="cite_ref-Gnojewski_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gnojewski-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pe parcursul carierei sale, și Madonna a fost numită „regină camp”.<sup id="cite_ref-Madonna_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madonna-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tema <a href="/wiki/Met_Gala" title="Met Gala">Galei Met</a> din 2019 a fost <i>Camp: Notes on Fashion</i>, coprezidată de Anna Wintour, <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lady_Gaga" title="Lady Gaga">Lady Gaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Styles" title="Harry Styles">Harry Styles</a> și Alessandro Michele.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intrarea lui Lady Gaga a durat 16 minute, ea sosind la gală alături de un anturaj format din cinci dansatori cu umbrele, un make-up artist și un fotograf personal, pentru a-i surprinde ipostazele.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artista a sosit într-o rochie Brandon Maxwell roz aprins cu o trenă de 25 de metri, și a trecut printr-o serie de patru „dezvăluiri”, aducând un omagiu culturii <a href="/wiki/Drag_queen" title="Drag queen">drag</a>, debutând de fiecare dată cu o nouă ținută, până a ajuns la look-ul final: lenjerie intimă și tocuri cu platformă.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alte ansambluri notabile au inclus-o pe <a href="/wiki/Katy_Perry" title="Katy Perry">Katy Perry</a> purtând o rochie care semăna cu un <a href="/wiki/Candelabru" title="Candelabru">candelabru</a>, creată de Moschino, și pe Kacey Musgraves apărând ca o <a href="/wiki/Barbie" title="Barbie">Barbie</a> în mărime naturală.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marea_Britanie">Marea Britanie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Marea Britanie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Marea Britanie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Umoristul <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Williams" class="extiw" title="en:Kenneth Williams">Kenneth Williams</a> a scris într-o însemnare de jurnal din 1 ianuarie 1947: „Am fost la <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> cu Stan - o seară foarte <i>camp</i>, am fost observat, dar de niște siluete jerpelite, așa că nu m-am obosit să fac avansuri.”<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deși se aplică tuturor bărbaților <a href="/wiki/Homosexuali" class="mw-redirect" title="Homosexuali">homosexuali</a>, <i>camp</i> este un adjectiv folosit în special pentru a descrie un bărbat care își etalează sexualitatea prin veșminte stridente sau un comportament excentric. Camp-ul reprezintă un element popular în cultura <a href="/wiki/Britanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Britanic">britanică</a>, multe <a href="/wiki/Gay_icon" title="Gay icon">icoane gay</a> fiind alese ca atare pentru că sunt camp. Artiști precum <a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lulu" title="Lulu">Lulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graham_Norton" title="Graham Norton">Graham Norton</a>, și <a href="/wiki/Mika" title="Mika">Mika</a>, ori tradiția music-hall-ului și a pantomimei, sunt elemente camp în <a href="/wiki/Cultur%C4%83_popular%C4%83" title="Cultură populară">cultura populară</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eurovision">Eurovision</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Eurovision" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Eurovision"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Începând cu anul 2000, <a href="/wiki/Concursul_Muzical_Eurovision" title="Concursul Muzical Eurovision">Concursul Muzical Eurovision</a> a prezentat un element de camp din ce în ce mai pronunțat, devenind un eveniment de referință în rândul comunității gay. Dat fiind că este un spectacol vizual, mulți dintre artiștii Eurovision încearcă să atragă atenția votanților prin alte mijloace decât muzica, ceea ce duce uneori la trucuri bizare și la ceea ce unii critici au numit „unitatea <a href="/wiki/Kitsch" title="Kitsch">kitsch</a> a Eurovisionului”, prin care sunt încapsulate toate prestațiile caricaturale.<sup id="cite_ref-Antes_cursi_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antes_cursi-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Babuscio (1993, 20), Feil (2005, 478), Morrill (1994, 110), Shugart and Waggoner (2008, 33), and Van Leer (1995)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MallaMcGillis2005-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MallaMcGillis2005_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Kerry Malla (ianuarie 2005). Roderick McGillis, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/27477842">„Between a Frock and a Hard Place: Camp Aesthetics and Children's Culture”</a>. <i>Canadian Review of American Studies</i>. <b>35</b> (1): 1–3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2019-10-10">10 octombrie 2019</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Review+of+American+Studies&rft.atitle=Between+a+Frock+and+a+Hard+Place%3A+Camp+Aesthetics+and+Children%27s+Culture&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-3&rft.date=2005-01&rft.au=Kerry+Malla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F27477842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a href="/wiki/Susan_Sontag" title="Susan Sontag">Susan Sontag</a> (<time datetime="1964">1964</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://monoskop.org/images/5/59/Sontag_Susan_1964_Notes_on_Camp.pdf">„<i>Notes on "Camp"</i>”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2023-04-23">23 aprilie 2023</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notes+on+%E2%80%9CCamp%E2%80%9D&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1964&rft.au=Susan+Sontag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmonoskop.org%2Fimages%2F5%2F59%2FSontag_Susan_1964_Notes_on_Camp.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/press/news/2018/2019-costume-institute-announcement">„Costume Institute's Spring 2019 Exhibition to Focus on Camp in Fashion”</a>. <i>www.metmuseum.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2020-04-30">30 aprilie 2020</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.metmuseum.org&rft.atitle=Costume+Institute%27s+Spring+2019+Exhibition+to+Focus+on+Camp+in+Fashion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fpress%2Fnews%2F2018%2F2019-costume-institute-announcement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a href="/wiki/Susan_Sontag" title="Susan Sontag">Susan Sontag</a> (<time datetime="1964">1964</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://monoskop.org/images/5/59/Sontag_Susan_1964_Notes_on_Camp.pdf">„<i>Notes on "Camp"</i>”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. p. 12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2023-04-23">23 aprilie 2023</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notes+on+%E2%80%9CCamp%E2%80%9D&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1964&rft.au=Susan+Sontag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmonoskop.org%2Fimages%2F5%2F59%2FSontag_Susan_1964_Notes_on_Camp.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Sontag, Susan (<time datetime="1964">1964</time>). „Notes on 'Camp<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span>”. <i>Partisan Review</i>. <b>31</b> (4): 515–530.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Partisan+Review&rft.atitle=Notes+on+%27Camp%27&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=515-530&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Sontag&rft.aufirst=Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_DeMott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin DeMott — pagină inexistentă">DeMott, Benjamin</a> (<time datetime="1966-01-23">23 ianuarie 1966</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170714133425/https://www.nytimes.com/1966/01/23/books/booksspecial/sontag-interpretation.html">„Lady on the Scene”</a>. The New York Times Book Review. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. pp. 5, 32. Arhivat din <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1966/01/23/archives/lady-on-the-scene-lady-on-the-scene.html">original<span style="padding-left:0.15em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Necesită abonament cu plată"><img alt="Necesită abonament cu plată" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></a></span> la <time datetime="2017-07-14">14 iulie 2017</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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She's Cher, and She's Still Fantastic”</a>. <i>Sunday Mirror</i>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-343551795.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2016-05-29">29 mai 2016</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2016-04-21">21 aprilie 2016</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sunday+Mirror&rft.atitle=She%27s+Reigned+Pop+Land+since+the+70s%2C+She%27s+the+Queen+of+Camp%2C+She+Believes+in+Life+after+Love.+She%27s+Cher%2C+and+She%27s+Still+Fantastic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-343551795.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Telegraph-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Telegraph_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">White, Belinda (<time datetime="2015-07-24">24 iulie 2015</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181118131220/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/cher-is-love-magazine-cover-girl-at-69/">„Cher is Love magazine's latest cover 'girl' at 69”</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/cher-is-love-magazine-cover-girl-at-69/">original</a> la <time datetime="2018-11-18">18 noiembrie 2018</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2016-04-21">21 aprilie 2016</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Cher+is+Love+magazine%27s+latest+cover+%27girl%27+at+69&rft.date=2015-07-24&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Belinda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffashion%2Fpeople%2Fcher-is-love-magazine-cover-girl-at-69%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NY_Daily_News-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NY_Daily_News_10-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171104172524/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/nydn-features/cher-ishing-queen-camp-article-1.493616">„Cher-ishing the Queen of Camp”</a>. <i>Daily News</i>. New York. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/nydn-features/cher-ishing-queen-camp-article-1.493616">original</a> la <time datetime="2017-11-04">4 noiembrie 2017</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2016-04-21">21 aprilie 2016</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+News&rft.atitle=Cher-ishing+the+Queen+of+Camp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Farchives%2Fnydn-features%2Fcher-ishing-queen-camp-article-1.493616&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gnojewski-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gnojewski_11-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Gnojewski, Carol (<time datetime="2007">2007</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JDGdVGWrjr8C&q=Madonna"><i>Madonna: Express Yourself</i></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enslow_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enslow Publishing — pagină inexistentă">Enslow Publishing</a>. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-7660-2442-7" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-7660-2442-7">978-0-7660-2442-7</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2022-03-31">31 martie 2022</time></span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Madonna%3A+Express+Yourself&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Enslow+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7660-2442-7&rft.aulast=Gnojewski&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJDGdVGWrjr8C%26q%3DMadonna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Madonna-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Madonna_12-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Drushe, Bruce E.; Peters, Brian M. (<time datetime="2017">2017</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kHAKDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA216"><i>Chapter 12, Camp, Androgyny, and 1990: Strike a Pose</i></a>. <i>Sontag and the Camp Aesthetic: Advancing New Perspectives</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexington_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lexington Books — pagină inexistentă">Lexington Books</a>. p. 216. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-1-4985-3777-3" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-1-4985-3777-3">978-1-4985-3777-3</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Accesat în <time datetime="2022-08-25">25 august 2022</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Insider&rft.atitle=The+2019+Met+Gala%27s+theme+is+%27camp%27+%E2%80%94+here%27s+what+you+should+expect+to+see+on+the+red+carpet&rft.date=2019-05-07&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Lucy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insider.com%2Fmet-gala-2019-camp-theme-co-chairs-2018-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/lady-gaga-met-gala">„Lady Gaga perfectly captured 'camp' at the Met Gala by paying homage to drag culture”</a>. <i>British GQ</i> (în engleză). <time datetime="2019-05-07">7 mai 2019</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2022-08-25">25 august 2022</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+GQ&rft.atitle=Lady+Gaga+perfectly+captured+%27camp%27+at+the+Met+Gala+by+paying+homage+to+drag+culture&rft.date=2019-05-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gq-magazine.co.uk%2Farticle%2Flady-gaga-met-gala&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogue.com/article/lady-gaga-met-gala-2019-entrance-behind-the-scenes-video">„See How Lady Gaga Pulled Off the Greatest Met Gala Entrance of All Time”<span style="padding-left:0.15em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Necesită înregistrare gratuită"><img alt="Necesită înregistrare gratuită" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></a></span>. <i>Vogue</i> (în engleză). <time datetime="2019-05-10">10 mai 2019</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2022-08-25">25 august 2022</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vogue&rft.atitle=See+How+Lady+Gaga+Pulled+Off+the+Greatest+Met+Gala+Entrance+of+All+Time&rft.date=2019-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vogue.com%2Farticle%2Flady-gaga-met-gala-2019-entrance-behind-the-scenes-video&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eonline.com/photos/33191/moschinos-most-memorable-met-gala-looks">„Photos from Moschino's Most Memorable Met Gala Looks”</a>. <i>E! Online</i>. <time datetime="2021-09-13">13 septembrie 2021</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2022-08-25">25 august 2022</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=E%21+Online&rft.atitle=Photos+from+Moschino%27s+Most+Memorable+Met+Gala+Looks&rft.date=2021-09-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eonline.com%2Fphotos%2F33191%2Fmoschinos-most-memorable-met-gala-looks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russell_Davies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russell Davies — pagină inexistentă">Russell Davies</a> (1993) <i>The Kenneth Williams Diaries</i>, Harper-Collins Publishers <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-00-255023-9" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-00-255023-9">ISBN: 978-0-00-255023-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Armstrong, Robert (<time datetime="2019-05-23">23 mai 2019</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/e0b5072c-7bb1-11e9-81d2-f785092ab560">„Rock it, man — what Elton John teaches us about style”</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. Arhivat din <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/e0b5072c-7bb1-11e9-81d2-f785092ab560">original<span style="padding-left:0.15em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Necesită abonament cu plată"><img alt="Necesită abonament cu plată" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></a></span> la <time datetime="2022-12-10">10 decembrie 2022</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2021-07-12">12 iulie 2021</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Rock+it%2C+man+%E2%80%94+what+Elton+John+teaches+us+about+style&rft.date=2019-05-23&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fe0b5072c-7bb1-11e9-81d2-f785092ab560&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Antes_cursi-19"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Antes_cursi_19-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Allatson, Paul (<time datetime="2007">2007</time>). „<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">'</span>Antes cursi que sencilla': Eurovision Song Contests and the Kitsch‐Drive to Euro‐Unity”. <i>Culture, Theory and Critique</i>. <b>48</b> (1): 87–98. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14735780701293540">10.1080/14735780701293540</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Culture%2C+Theory+and+Critique&rft.atitle=%27Antes+cursi+que+sencilla%27%3A+Eurovision+Song+Contests+and+the+Kitsch%E2%80%90Drive+to+Euro%E2%80%90Unity&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=87-98&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14735780701293540&rft.aulast=Allatson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ACamp+%28stil%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span 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title="Suprarealism">Suprarealism</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camp_(stil)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint tright portal" style="border:solid #aaa 1px; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0.5em;"> <table style="background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f9f9f9); color:inherit; font-size:85%; line-height:110%; max-width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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