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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Pjotr+Wrangel" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Pjotr+Wrangel" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. 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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biografie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Biografie-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Militaire_carrière" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Militaire_carrière"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Militaire carrière</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Militaire_carrière-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burgeroorlog" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burgeroorlog"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Burgeroorlog</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burgeroorlog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oppercommando" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oppercommando"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Oppercommando</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oppercommando-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ballingschap_en_dood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ballingschap_en_dood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Ballingschap en dood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ballingschap_en_dood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onderscheidingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onderscheidingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Onderscheidingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onderscheidingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatuur_en_bronnen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatuur_en_bronnen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Literatuur en bronnen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatuur_en_bronnen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voetnoten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voetnoten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voetnoten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voetnoten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 51 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84" title="بيوتر نيكولايفيتش رنجل – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيوتر نيكولايفيتش رنجل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84" title="بيوتر نيكولايفيتش رنجل – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيوتر نيكولايفيتش رنجل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr_Vrangel" title="Pyotr Vrangel – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pyotr Vrangel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Врангель Пётр Николаевич – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Врангель Пётр Николаевич" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Пётр Мікалаевіч Урангель – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пётр Мікалаевіч Урангель" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Пьотър Врангел – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пьотър Врангел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Wrangel" title="Piotr Wrangel – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Piotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Nikolajevi%C4%8D_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Nikolajevič Wrangel – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pjotr Nikolajevič Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Wrangel – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pjotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Nikolajewitsch_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Nikolajewitsch Wrangel – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pjotr Nikolajewitsch Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%81_%CE%92%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%BB" title="Πιότρ Βράνγκελ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πιότρ Βράνγκελ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr_Wrangel" title="Pyotr Wrangel – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pyotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Vrangel" title="Pjotr Vrangel – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pjotr Vrangel" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Wrangel" title="Piotr Wrangel – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Piotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_von_Wrangell" title="Peter von Wrangell – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Peter von Wrangell" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Wrangel" title="Piotr Wrangel – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Piotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84" title="پیتر ورانگل – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیتر ورانگل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Wrangel – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pjotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Nikola%C3%AFevitch_Wrangel" title="Piotr Nikolaïevitch Wrangel – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Piotr Nikolaïevitch Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A8_%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9C" title="פיוטר וראנגל – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיוטר וראנגל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Wrangel – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pjotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Nyikolajevics_Vrangel" title="Pjotr Nyikolajevics Vrangel – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pjotr Nyikolajevics Vrangel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%BF%D6%80_%D5%8E%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Պյոտր Վրանգել – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պյոտր Վրանգել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr_Wrangel" title="Pyotr Wrangel – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pyotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr_Wrangel" title="Pyotr Wrangel – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pyotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ABtr_Nikolaevi%C4%8D_Vrangel%27" title="Pëtr Nikolaevič Vrangel' – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pëtr Nikolaevič Vrangel'" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%B4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AA" title="ピョートル・ヴラーンゲリ – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピョートル・ヴラーンゲリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="პეტრე ვრანგელი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პეტრე ვრანგელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%9C%ED%8A%B8%EB%A5%B4_%EB%B8%8C%EB%9E%80%EA%B2%94_%EB%82%A8%EC%9E%91" title="표트르 브란겔 남작 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="표트르 브란겔 남작" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Wrangel" title="Petrus Wrangel – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Petrus Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotras_Vrangelis" title="Piotras Vrangelis – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Piotras Vrangelis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotrs_Vrangelis" title="Pjotrs Vrangelis – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pjotrs Vrangelis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Nikolaievitch_Wrangel" title="Piotr Nikolaievitch Wrangel – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Piotr Nikolaievitch Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_vun_Wrangel" title="Peter vun Wrangel – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Peter vun Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Wrangel – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pjotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Wrangel – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pjotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Wrangel" title="Piotr Wrangel – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Piotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr_Wrangel" title="Pyotr Wrangel – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pyotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Vranghel" title="Piotr Vranghel – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Piotr Vranghel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Врангель, Пётр Николаевич – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Врангель, Пётр Николаевич" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Врангель Петр Николаевич – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Врангель Петр Николаевич" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Wrangel – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pjotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Wrangel – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pjotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Петар Врангел – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Петар Врангел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotr_Wrangel" title="Pjotr Wrangel – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pjotr Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB,_%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Врангел, Пётр Николаевич – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Врангел, Пётр Николаевич" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="ปิออตร์ วรานเกล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปิออตร์ วรานเกล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr_Vrangel" title="Pyotr Vrangel – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pyotr Vrangel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Врангель Петро Миколайович – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Врангель Петро Миколайович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr_Nikolayevich_Wrangel" title="Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Pyotr_Wrangel,_portrait_medium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pyotr_Wrangel%2C_portrait_medium.jpg/260px-Pyotr_Wrangel%2C_portrait_medium.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="431" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Pyotr_Wrangel%2C_portrait_medium.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>De "boomlange" generaal Pjotr Wrangel, 1920</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Pjotr Nikolajevitsj Wrangel</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russisch" title="Russisch">Russisch</a>: Барон Пётр Николаевич Врангель, ook wel: <a href="/wiki/Duits" title="Duits">Duits</a>: Freiherr Peter von Wrangel) (<a href="/wiki/Zarasai" title="Zarasai">Zarasai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Litouwen" title="Litouwen">Litouwen</a>, <a href="/wiki/15_augustus" title="15 augustus">15 augustus</a> <a href="/wiki/1878" title="1878">1878</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ukkel" title="Ukkel">Ukkel</a>, <a href="/wiki/25_april" title="25 april">25 april</a> <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a>) was een Russisch (tsaristisch) officier en commandant van de <a href="/wiki/Witten_(leger)" title="Witten (leger)">Witten</a> tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Russische_Burgeroorlog" title="Russische Burgeroorlog">Russische Burgeroorlog</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Biografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Militaire_carrière"><span id="Militaire_carri.C3.A8re"></span>Militaire carrière</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Militaire carrière" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Militaire carrière"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baron Wrangel werd geboren in het <a href="/wiki/Gouvernement_Kovno" title="Gouvernement Kovno">gouvernement Kovno</a> als lid van de aristocratische <a href="/wiki/Baltische_Duitsers" title="Baltische Duitsers">Baltisch-Duitse</a> familie <a href="/wiki/Wrangel_(geslacht)" title="Wrangel (geslacht)">Wrangel</a>. Hij volgde een opleiding in de mijnbouwkunde, maar koos voor een carrière als officier in het Russische leger. Hij nam deel aan de <a href="/wiki/Russisch-Japanse_Oorlog" title="Russisch-Japanse Oorlog">Russisch-Japanse Oorlog</a> in 1905 en was commandant van een cavalerie-eenheid tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Wereldoorlog" title="Eerste Wereldoorlog">Eerste Wereldoorlog</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Burgeroorlog">Burgeroorlog</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Burgeroorlog" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Burgeroorlog"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Na de <a href="/wiki/Oktoberrevolutie" title="Oktoberrevolutie">Oktoberrevolutie</a> trok Wrangel naar de <a href="/wiki/Krim" title="Krim">Krim</a> en trad hij toe tot het Witte <a href="/wiki/Vrijwilligersleger" title="Vrijwilligersleger">vrijwilligersleger</a>. In het voorjaar van 1919 kreeg hij daar het commando over de Kaukasische legereenheden, waaronder veel <a href="/wiki/Kozakken" title="Kozakken">Kozakken</a>. Al snel maakte hij naam als een bekwaam organisator die veel gezag afdwong en marcheerde hij in een van de opmerkelijkste campagnes van de burgeroorlog veertig dagen lang onder de verzengende zon over de zuidoostelijke steppen, waarna hij op 19 juni <a href="/wiki/Tsaritsyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsaritsyn">Tsaritsyn</a> innam, ondanks een <a href="/wiki/Rode_Leger_(Sovjet-Unie)" title="Rode Leger (Sovjet-Unie)">Rode</a> overmacht. De Rode verdedigers van de stad renden in paniek weg toen ze de Engelse tanks van Wrangel zagen naderen. Zijn troepen namen 40.000 Roden gevangen en bemachtigden grote hoeveelheden munitie. </p><p>Als onderscheiding voor zijn troepen stelde generaal Wrangel een <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint_Nicolaas_Thaumaturgus_(Wrangel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orde van Sint Nicolaas Thaumaturgus (Wrangel)">Orde van Sint Nicolaas Thaumaturgus</a> in. </p><p>Ondanks zijn aanvankelijke successen kwam Wrangel regelmatig in conflict met zijn opperbevelhebber <a href="/wiki/Anton_Denikin" title="Anton Denikin">Anton Denikin</a>. Toen de laatste op 2 juli 1919 bekendmaakte met drie Witte legers, waaronder dat van Wrangel, naar Moskou te willen oprukken, verzette Wrangel zich fel: hij gaf er de voorkeur aan minder snel en in maar één operatiegebied tegelijk op te trekken. Denikin zette zijn voornemen niettemin door. In het najaar werden de Witte troepen echter teruggeslagen, onder meer omdat ze onvoldoende troepen konden mobiliseren. Ook de Kozakken keerden zich af van de Witten. In januari 1920 beheersten de Witten alleen nog schiereiland de <a href="/wiki/Krim" title="Krim">Krim</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oppercommando">Oppercommando</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Oppercommando" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Oppercommando"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Begin 1920 was Wrangel opnieuw in onmin geraakt met Denikin, waarna hij werd verbannen naar <a href="/wiki/Constantinopel" title="Constantinopel">Constantinopel</a>. Op 4 april riep Denikin hem onder druk van andere Witte officieren echter weer terug en droeg het oppercommando van de nog resterende Witte troepen aan hem over. Onder Wrangel zette de Witten vanuit de Krim een laatste actie tegen de bolsjewieken op, maar eigenlijk was al vanaf het begin duidelijk dat deze gedoemd was te mislukken. Eind april 1920 werden de Witten dan ook definitief verslagen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ballingschap_en_dood">Ballingschap en dood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Ballingschap en dood" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Ballingschap en dood"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wrangel emigreerde via <a href="/wiki/Turkije" title="Turkije">Turkije</a> en <a href="/wiki/Tunesi%C3%AB" title="Tunesië">Tunesië</a> naar <a href="/wiki/Joegoslavi%C3%AB" title="Joegoslavië">Joegoslavië</a>. Hij stond al snel bekend als de leider van de Witten in ballingschap. In 1924 richtte hij <a href="/wiki/Russische_Al-Militaire_Unie" title="Russische Al-Militaire Unie">Russische Al-Militaire Unie</a> op, een organisatie die zich tot doel stelde voor de omverwerping van het bolsjewistische bewind te blijven strijden. </p><p>Wrangel woonde vanaf november 1926 in het Belgische <a href="/wiki/Ukkel" title="Ukkel">Ukkel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hij stierf er in 1928. Zijn familie heeft altijd beweerd dat hij vergiftigd werd door de broer van zijn butler, die een geheim agent uit de <a href="/wiki/Sovjet-Unie" title="Sovjet-Unie">Sovjet-Unie</a> zou zijn geweest: kort nadat hij Wrangel had bezocht werd deze plotseling zwaar ziek en overleed hij nog dezelfde dag. De broer van de butler bleek gevlogen. Wrangel werd begraven eerst in Brussel en werd bijna een jaar later herbegraven nabij <a href="/wiki/Belgrado" title="Belgrado">Belgrado</a>. In het <a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%AB" title="Servië">Servische</a> <a href="/wiki/Sremski_Karlovci" title="Sremski Karlovci">Sremski Karlovci</a>, waar hij zijn hoofdkwartier had, werd een standbeeld voor hem opgericht. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Onderscheidingen">Onderscheidingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Onderscheidingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Onderscheidingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:General_Wrangel_Statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/General_Wrangel_Statue.jpg/210px-General_Wrangel_Statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/General_Wrangel_Statue.jpg/315px-General_Wrangel_Statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/General_Wrangel_Statue.jpg/420px-General_Wrangel_Statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1539" /></a><figcaption>Standbeeld Wrangel in Sremski Karlovci</figcaption></figure> <p>Pjotr Wrangel droeg een groot aantal Russische onderscheidingen. </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Anna" title="Order of St. Anna"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG/30px-Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG/45px-Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG/60px-Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint-Anna" title="Orde van Sint-Anna">Orde van Sint-Anna</a> Vierde Klasse, 4 juli 1904</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Stanislav" title="Order of St. Stanislav"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG/30px-Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG/45px-Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG/60px-Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint-Stanislaus" title="Orde van Sint-Stanislaus">Orde van Sint-Stanislaus</a> Derde Klasse, met Zwaarden en Strik, 6 januari 1906.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Anna" title="Order of St. Anna"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG/30px-Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG/45px-Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG/60px-Order_of_Saint_Anne_Ribbon.PNG 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint-Anna" title="Orde van Sint-Anna">Orde van Sint-Anna</a> Derde Klasse, 9 mei 1906</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Stanislav" title="Order of St. Stanislav"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG/30px-Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG/45px-Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG/60px-Order_of_Saint_Stanislaus_Ribbon.PNG 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint-Stanislaus" title="Orde van Sint-Stanislaus">Orde van Sint-Stanislaus</a> Tweede Klasse, 6 december 1912</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._George" title="Order of St. George"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png/30px-Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png/45px-Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png/60px-Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint-George" class="mw-redirect" title="Orde van Sint-George">Orde van Sint-George</a>, Vierde Klasse, 13 oktober 1914</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Vladimir" title="Order of St. Vladimir"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png/30px-Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png/45px-Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png/60px-Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint-Vladimir" title="Orde van Sint-Vladimir">Orde van Sint-Vladimir</a>, Vierde Klasse met Zwaarden en Strik, 24 oktober 1914</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erezwaard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erezwaard (de pagina bestaat niet)">Gouden Zwaard van de Orde van Sint-George</a> "voor dapperheid", 10 juni 1915</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Vladimir" title="Order of St. Vladimir"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png/30px-Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png/45px-Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png/60px-Saint_vladimir_%28bande%29.png 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint-Vladimir" title="Orde van Sint-Vladimir">Orde van Sint-Vladimir</a>, Derde Klasse met Zwaarden, 8 december 1915</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png/30px-Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png/45px-Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png/60px-Order_of_Glory_Ribbon_Bar.png 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kruis_van_Sint-George&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kruis van Sint-George (de pagina bestaat niet)">Kruis van Sint-George</a>, Vierde Klasse, 24 juli 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orde_van_Sint_Nicolaas_de_Wonderdoener" class="mw-redirect" title="Orde van Sint Nicolaas de Wonderdoener">Orde van Sint Nicolaas de Wonderdoener</a>, Tweede Klasse</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatuur_en_bronnen">Literatuur en bronnen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Literatuur en bronnen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Literatuur en bronnen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Figes" title="Orlando Figes">Orlando Figes</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Tragedie_van_een_volk" title="Tragedie van een volk">Tragedie van een volk; de Russische Revolutie 1891-1924</a></i>, Amsterdam/Antwerpen, 1996</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voetnoten">Voetnoten</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Voetnoten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Voetnoten"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wim Coudenys, "Een caleidoscoop des levens: De vele gezichten van de Russische emigratie in België" in: <i>Handelingen van de Koninklijke Zuid-Nederlandse maatschappij voor taal- en letterkunde en geschiedenis</i>, 2000, p. 244. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.21825%2Fkzm.v54i0.17270">10.21825/kzm.v54i0.17270</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pyotr_Nikolayevich_Wrangel#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pyotr_Nikolayevich_Wrangel#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel">Pyotr 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.navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style><div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Bibliografische informatie" data-collapsetext="Inklappen" data-expandtext="Uitklappen"><div id="Bibliografische_informatie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bibliografische_informatie" title="Wikipedia:Bibliografische informatie">Bibliografische informatie</a></div><div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content plainlist ta-left"><ul style="column-width:36em"><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibsys">Bibsys</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1012959">1012959</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb136162255">cb136162255</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb136162255">(data)</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA07155311?l=en">DA07155311</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118643185">118643185</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">International Standard Name Identifier</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000121217442">0000 0001 2121 7442</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">Library of Congress Control Number</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n85289371">n85289371</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Letland" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Letland">Nationale Bibliotheek van Letland</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000087465&P_CON_LNG=ENG">000087465</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Tsjechi%C3%AB" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Tsjechië">Nationale Bibliotheek van Tsjechië</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola2002106437&CON_LNG=ENG">ola2002106437</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_bibliotheek_van_Australi%C3%AB" title="Nationale bibliotheek van Australië">Nationale bibliotheek van Australië</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35942734">35942734</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Isra%C3%ABl" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Israël">Nationale Bibliotheek van Israël</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007305377305171">987007305377305171</a></span></li><li><b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1006" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1006">Nederlandse Thesaurus van Auteursnamen</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071502416">071502416</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/R%C3%89RO" title="RÉRO">Réseau des bibliothèques de Suisse occidentale</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A013496813">02-A013496813</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Russische_Staatsbibliotheek" title="Russische Staatsbibliotheek">Russische Staatsbibliotheek</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.rsl.ru/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&adjacent=Y&local_base=RSL11&request=000079599&CON_LNG=ENG">000079599</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">LIBRIS</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/237053">237053</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/SNAC" title="SNAC">SNAC</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6w67gk1">w6w67gk1</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">Système universitaire de documentation</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/056571623">056571623</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Trove" title="Trove">Trove</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1156744">1156744</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">Virtual International Authority File</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/14948283">14948283</a></span></li><li><b></b> <b><a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a></b> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/14948283">14948283</a></li></ul></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&oldid=68353361">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pjotr_Wrangel&oldid=68353361</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Persoon_in_de_Russische_Burgeroorlog" title="Categorie:Persoon in 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