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class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tarih" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarih"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tarih</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarih-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coğrafya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coğrafya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Coğrafya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coğrafya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ulaşım" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ulaşım"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ulaşım</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ulaşım-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Howland Adası</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 75 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland-eiland" title="Howland-eiland - Afrikaanca" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Howland-eiland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="جزيرة هاولاند - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جزيرة هاولاند" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="جزيره هاولاند - Mısır Arapçası" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جزيره هاولاند" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Mısır Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haulend_adas%C4%B1" title="Haulend adası - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Haulend adası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howlandinsel" title="Howlandinsel - Bavyera dili" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Howlandinsel" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavyera dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E)" title="Хаўленд (востраў) - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хаўленд (востраў)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Гоўланд - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гоўланд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)" title="Хауланд (остров) - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хауланд (остров)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrvo_Howland" title="Ostrvo Howland - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ostrvo Howland" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illa_Howland" title="Illa Howland - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Illa Howland" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B5)" title="Хауленд (гӀайре) - Çeçence" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Хауленд (гӀайре)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Çeçence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland_Island_(administratibo_nga_pulo)" title="Howland Island (administratibo nga pulo) - Sebuano dili" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Howland Island (administratibo nga pulo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Sebuano dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland%C5%AFv_ostrov" title="Howlandův ostrov - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Howlandův ostrov" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland-%C3%B8en" title="Howland-øen - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Howland-øen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howlandinsel" title="Howlandinsel - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Howlandinsel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Χάουλαντ - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χάουλαντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Howland Island" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulo_Howland" title="Insulo Howland - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Insulo Howland" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_Howland" title="Isla Howland - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Isla Howland" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howlandi_saar" title="Howlandi saar - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Howlandi saar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland_uhartea" title="Howland uhartea - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Howland uhartea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="جزیره هاولند - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جزیره هاولند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howlandinsaari" title="Howlandinsaari - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Howlandinsaari" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Howland" title="Île Howland - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Île Howland" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illa_Howland" title="Illa Howland - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Illa Howland" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="האולנד - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האולנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otok_Howland" title="Otok Howland - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Otok Howland" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland-sziget" title="Howland-sziget - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Howland-sziget" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4_(%D5%AF%D5%B2%D5%A6%D5%AB)" title="Հաուլենդ (կղզի) - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հաուլենդ (կղզի)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insula_de_Howland" title="Insula de Howland - İnterlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Insula de Howland" data-language-autonym="İnterlingua" data-language-local-name="İnterlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İnterlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Howland" title="Pulau Howland - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pulau Howland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulo_Howland" title="Insulo Howland - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Insulo Howland" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howlandeyja" title="Howlandeyja - İzlandaca" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Howlandeyja" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="İzlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isola_Howland" title="Isola Howland - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isola Howland" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E5%B3%B6" title="ハウランド島 - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハウランド島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulo_Howland" title="Pulo Howland - Cava dili" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pulo Howland" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Cava dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ჰოულენდი - Gürcüce" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰოულენდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gürcüce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Хаулэнд аралы - Kazakça" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хаулэнд аралы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9A%B8%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C%EC%84%AC" title="하울랜드섬 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하울랜드섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insula_Howland" title="Insula Howland - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Insula Howland" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island - Limburgca" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Howland Island" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houlando_sala" title="Houlando sala - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Houlando sala" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haulenda_sala" title="Haulenda sala - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Haulenda sala" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)" title="Хауленд (остров) - Makedonca" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хауленд (остров)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹൗലാന്റ് ദ്വീപ് - Malayalam dili" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹൗലാന്റ് ദ്വീപ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="हाउलँड आयलंड - Marathi dili" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हाउलँड आयलंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Howland" title="Pulau Howland - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pulau Howland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland_(eiland)" title="Howland (eiland) - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Howland (eiland)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland%C3%B8ya" title="Howlandøya - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Howlandøya" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland" title="Howland - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Howland" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="جزیرہ ہاولینڈ - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جزیرہ ہاولینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilha_Howland" title="Ilha Howland - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ilha Howland" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insula_Howland" title="Insula Howland - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Insula Howland" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)" title="Хауленд (остров) - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хауленд (остров)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Csula_Howland" title="Ìsula Howland - Sardunya dili" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ìsula Howland" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardunya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Csula_Howland" title="Ìsula Howland - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ìsula Howland" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island - İskoçça" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Howland Island" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="İskoçça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland_(otok)" title="Howland (otok) - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Howland (otok)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Howland Island" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howlandov_ostrov" title="Howlandov ostrov - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Howlandov ostrov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howlandov_otok" title="Howlandov otok - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Howlandov otok" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Хауланд (острво) - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хауланд (острво)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulo_Howland" title="Pulo Howland - Sunda dili" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Pulo Howland" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland%C3%B6n" title="Howlandön - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Howlandön" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="ஹவுலாந்து தீவு - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஹவுலாந்து தீவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="เกาะฮาวแลนด์ - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกาะฮาวแลนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Гауленд - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гауленд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="جزیرہ ہاولینڈ - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جزیرہ ہاولینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A3o_Howland" title="Đảo Howland - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đảo Howland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pur%C3%B4_Howland" title="Purô Howland - Varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Purô Howland" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%AA%E5%85%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="豪兰岛 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="豪兰岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Er%C3%A9k%C3%B9%E1%B9%A3%C3%B9_Howland" title="Erékùṣù Howland - Yorubaca" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Erékùṣù Howland" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yorubaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%AA%E8%98%AD%E5%B3%B6" title="豪蘭島 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="豪蘭島" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howland-t%C3%B3" title="Howland-tó - Min Nan Çincesi" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Howland-tó" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%AA%E8%98%AD%E5%B3%B6" title="豪蘭島 - Kantonca" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="豪蘭島" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q131305#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Co%C4%9Frafi_koordinat_sistemi" title="Coğrafi koordinat sistemi">Koordinatlar</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32637432">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=tr:Howland_Adas%C4%B1&params=0_48_24_N_176_36_59_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Bu konum için haritalar, havadan fotoğraflar ve diğer veriler"><span class="latitude">0°48′24″K</span> <span class="longitude">176°36′59″B</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Bu konum için haritalar, hava fotoğrafı ve diğer veriler">0.80667°K 176.61639°B</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">0.80667; -176.61639</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Howland_island_nasa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Howland_island_nasa.jpg/300px-Howland_island_nasa.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Howland_island_nasa.jpg/450px-Howland_island_nasa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Howland_island_nasa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Uzaydan göründüğü haliyle Howland Adası.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Howland Adası</b> <a href="/wiki/Ekvator" title="Ekvator">ekvatorun</a> hemen kuzeyinde, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Okyanus" title="Büyük Okyanus">Büyük Okyanus</a>'un ortasında, <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a>'nun 3.100 km güneybatısında, 0°48′24"K 176°36′59"B koordinatlarında bulunan bir <a href="/wiki/Mercan_adas%C4%B1" title="Mercan adası">mercan adasıdır</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Avustralya" title="Avustralya">Avustralya</a> arasında neredeyse yarıyolda yer alan ada üzerinde yerleşim yoktur ve yasal olarak <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">Amerika Birleşik Devletleri</a>'ne bağlıdır. </p><p>Adanın hiçbir ekonomik işlevi yoktur ve genellikle <a href="/wiki/Amelia_Earhart" title="Amelia Earhart">Amelia Earhart</a>'ın ulaşamadığı ada olarak bilinir. Savunması <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">Birleşik Devletler</a>'in sorumluluğundadır ve iki yılda bir ziyaret edilmektedir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarih">Tarih</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Howland_Adas%C4%B1&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Tarih" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Howland_Adas%C4%B1&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Tarih"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Üzerinde bulunan az sayıda yol ve kalıntı daha önce üzerinde <a href="/wiki/Polinezyal%C4%B1lar" title="Polinezyalılar">Polinezyalıların</a> bulunduğuna işaret etse de Birleşik Devletler tarafından 1857'de sahiplenildiğinde üzerinde insan bulunmamaktaydı. Adadaki <a href="/wiki/Guano" title="Guano">Guano</a> rezervleri kısa sürede Amerikalı ve İngiliz şirketlerce tüketildi. </p><p>1935'te, ekvator çevresinde kalıcı ABD yerleşimleri oluşturulmasıyla ilgili Birleşik Devletler Ticaret Bakanlığı tarafından yürütülen bir proje dahilinde kolonileştirilmesi denendi. </p><p>Ada'da 1937'de Amerikalı pilot <a href="/wiki/Amelia_Earhart" title="Amelia Earhart">Amelia Earhart</a> ve rotacı <a href="/wiki/Fred_Noonan" title="Fred Noonan">Fred Noonan</a> tarafından gerçekleştirilecek dünyanın çevresini dönen uçuşta yakıt ikmali için kullanılmak üzere adada üç adet uçak pisti inşa edildiyse de <a href="/wiki/Yeni_Gine" title="Yeni Gine">Yeni Gine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lae (sayfa mevcut değil)">Lae</a>'den kalkış yapan uçak adaya erişemeden kaybolmuştur. </p><p>Adaya giriş ancak ABD tarafından genellikle bilim adamları ve eğitimcilere verilen özel bir izinle gerçekleştirilebilir. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:HowlandIsland.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/HowlandIsland.jpeg/220px-HowlandIsland.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="405" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/HowlandIsland.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption>Howland Adası Haritası.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coğrafya"><span id="Co.C4.9Frafya"></span>Coğrafya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Howland_Adas%C4%B1&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Coğrafya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Howland_Adas%C4%B1&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Coğrafya"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kuzey Büyük Okyanusta yer alan ada 1.84 km²'lik yüzölçümü ve 6.4 km'lik sahil şeridiyle ufak bir adadır. Kuzey-güney ekseninde uzunca bir şekli vardır. Ekvator iklimine sahip olan adaya pek sık yağmur düşmez ve güneş yakıcıdır. Doğu'dan sürekli esen rüzgarlar iklimi az da olsa ılımanlaştırır. Yüzeyi alçak ve kumludur. Ortasında en yüksek noktası 6 metre olan hafif bir çıkıntıya sahip olan ada mercan kayalıklarıyla çevrilidir. </p><p>Adanın tatlı su kaynağı bulunmamaktadır. Bitki örtüsü çimenler, yatay sarmaşıklar ve bodur çalılardan ibarettir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ulaşım"><span id="Ula.C5.9F.C4.B1m"></span>Ulaşım</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Howland_Adas%C4%B1&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ulaşım" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Howland_Adas%C4%B1&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ulaşım"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adada liman bulunmamaktadır. Mercan kayalıkları da gemilerin yanaşması için tehlike arz etmektedir. Batı kıyısının ortasında teknelerin yanaşabileceği tek bir nokta bulunmaktadır. Uçakla da ulaşılabilir. </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Amerika_Birleşik_Devletleri&#039;nin_eyaletleri_ve_bölgeleri" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25548259">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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