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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Assyrian+conquest+of+Elam%22">"Assyrian conquest of Elam"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Assyrian+conquest+of+Elam%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Assyrian+conquest+of+Elam%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Assyrian+conquest+of+Elam%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Assyrian+conquest+of+Elam%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Assyrian+conquest+of+Elam%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Assyrian conquest of Elam</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Wars_of_Neo-Assyria" class="mw-redirect" title="Wars of Neo-Assyria">Wars of Neo-Assyria</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Destruction_of_the_Elamite_city_of_Hamanu_645-635_BCE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Destruction_of_the_Elamite_city_of_Hamanu_645-635_BCE.jpg/220px-Destruction_of_the_Elamite_city_of_Hamanu_645-635_BCE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Destruction_of_the_Elamite_city_of_Hamanu_645-635_BCE.jpg/330px-Destruction_of_the_Elamite_city_of_Hamanu_645-635_BCE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Destruction_of_the_Elamite_city_of_Hamanu_645-635_BCE.jpg/440px-Destruction_of_the_Elamite_city_of_Hamanu_645-635_BCE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="575" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Ashurbanipal" title="Ashurbanipal">Ashurbanipal</a>'s campaign against Elam is triumphantly recorded in this relief showing the destruction of the city of <a href="/wiki/Hamanu" title="Hamanu">Hamanu</a>. Here, flames rise from the city as Assyrian soldiers topple it with pickaxes and crowbars and carry off the spoils. 645-635 BCE. <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a> BM 124919.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>655 BC - 639 BC</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">South <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elam</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Assyrian victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elam</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> King <a href="/wiki/Esarhaddon" title="Esarhaddon">Esarhaddon</a><br />King <a href="/wiki/Assurbanipal" class="mw-redirect" title="Assurbanipal">Assurbanipal</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> King <a href="/wiki/Teumman" title="Teumman">Teumman</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown, presumed equal at first before declining</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Many civilians and soldiers</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Campaigns_of_Assyria" title="Template:Campaignbox Campaigns of Assyria"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Campaigns_of_Assyria" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Campaigns of Assyria"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Campaigns_of_Assyria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Campaigns of Assyria"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Campaigns_of_theNeo-Assyrian_Empire" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire">Campaigns of the<br />Neo-Assyrian Empire</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rise_of_Neo-Assyria" class="mw-redirect" title="Rise of Neo-Assyria">Rise of Neo-Assyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_Ashurnasirpal_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of Ashurnasirpal II">Campaigns of Ashurnasirpal II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suru" title="Battle of Suru">Suru</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_Shalmaneser_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of Shalmaneser III">Campaigns of Shalmaneser III</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qarqar" title="Battle of Qarqar">Qarqar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_V" title="Shamshi-Adad V">Campaigns of Shamshi-Adad V</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dur-Papsukkal" title="Battle of Dur-Papsukkal">Dur-Papsukkal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_Tiglath-Pileser_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of Tiglath-Pileser III">Campaigns of Tiglath-Pileser III</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gezer_(c._733_BC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Gezer (c. 733 BC)">Gezer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_conquest_of_Aram" title="Assyrian conquest of Aram">Conquest of Aram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urartu-Assyria_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Urartu-Assyria War">War with Urartu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_Sargon_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of Sargon II">Campaigns of Sargon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_Sennacherib" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of Sennacherib">Campaigns of Sennacherib</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sennacherib%27s_campaign_in_the_Levant" title="Sennacherib's campaign in the Levant">Sennacherib's campaign in the Levant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Azekah" title="Siege of Azekah">Azekah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Lachish" title="Siege of Lachish">Lachish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_siege_of_Jerusalem" title="Assyrian siege of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Diyala_River" title="Battle of Diyala River">Diyala River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Halule" title="Battle of Halule">Halule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Babylon" title="Siege of Babylon">1st Babylon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_Esarhaddon" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of Esarhaddon">Campaigns of Esarhaddon</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Conquest of Elam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_conquest_of_Egypt" title="Assyrian conquest of Egypt">Egypt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaigns_of_Ashurbanipal" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaigns of Ashurbanipal">Campaigns of Ashurbanipal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ulai" title="Battle of Ulai">Ulai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Susa" title="Battle of Susa">Susa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Ashdod" title="Fall of Ashdod">Ashdod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_conquest_of_Egypt" title="Assyrian conquest of Egypt">Egypt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medo-Babylonian_conquest_of_the_Assyrian_Empire" title="Medo-Babylonian conquest of the Assyrian Empire">Medo-Babylonian conquest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_Babylon_(626_BC)" title="Revolt of Babylon (626 BC)">2nd Babylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arrapha" title="Battle of Arrapha">Arrapha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Tarbisu" title="Fall of Tarbisu">Tarbisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Assur" title="Fall of Assur">Assur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nineveh_(612_BC)" title="Battle of Nineveh (612 BC)">Nineveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Harran" title="Fall of Harran">Fall of Harran</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The conquest of <a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elam</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a> took place between 655 and 639 BC. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assyrian_conquest_of_Elam&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Clashes between the <a href="/wiki/Elamites" class="mw-redirect" title="Elamites">Elamites</a> and the Assyrians had been ongoing for many years prior to 721 BC, the first recorded conflict between Elamites and Assyrians. For many centuries before that, the Elamites had made it a habit of intervening in <a href="/wiki/Babylonia" title="Babylonia">Babylonian</a> politics. Naturally this would have placed them in conflict with the Assyrians, who saw <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a> as within their <a href="/wiki/Sphere_of_influence" title="Sphere of influence">sphere of influence</a>. In 721 BC, the Babylonians rebelled against Assyria and Elamite forces attempted to aid Babylon in her revolt. Following this event, the Assyrians and Elamites clashed on numerous occasions; at the <a href="/wiki/Tigris" title="Tigris">Tigris</a> in 717 BC, along the Elamite coast as part of an <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_invasion" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibious invasion">amphibious invasion</a> in 694 BC, at the province of Der and again <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Diyala_River" title="Battle of Diyala River">at the River Diyala</a> in 693 BC (this may have been the same battle). For the most part, these battles were bloody and inconclusive. However, the Assyrians were able to obtain the upper hand for the most part, demonstrated by the failure of the Elamites to extend their power beyond the boundaries of <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>. </p><p>After a failed attack on Babylon in 655 BC, Elamite power soon began to collapse. At the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ulai" title="Battle of Ulai">Battle of Ulai</a> in the plain of <a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a>, an Assyrian army assaulted strong Elamite defensive positions. The Elamites were soundly beaten and <a href="/wiki/Teumman" title="Teumman">Teumman</a>, the Elamite king, was beheaded during the battle. Although another Babylonian revolt saved Elam from immediate invasion, it would remain one of the most important objectives in the mind of <a href="/wiki/Ashurbanipal" title="Ashurbanipal">Ashurbanipal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campaign_against_Elam">Campaign against Elam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assyrian_conquest_of_Elam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Campaign against Elam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 648 BC, the Elamite city of Susa was razed to the ground; it was to be a terrible portent of events to come. In 639 BC, the Assyrians moved their entire army from the west to destroy their enemies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Collapse_of_Elam">Collapse of Elam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assyrian_conquest_of_Elam&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Collapse of Elam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The defeats inflicted by Assyria on Elamite offensives were one of many problems facing the Elamites; civil war had erupted in the land, whilst her northern borders were being overrun by the Persians. In 639 BC, Ashurbanipal moved into Elam and proudly documented the vengeance against Elamite incursions: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>For a distance of a month and twenty-five days' journey I devastated the provinces of Elam. Salt and sihlu I scattered over them... The dust of Susa, Madaktu, Haltemash and the rest of the cities I gathered together and took to Assyria... The noise of people, the tread of cattle and sheep, the glad shouts of rejoicing, I banished from its fields. Wild asses, gazelles and all kinds of beasts of the plain I caused to lie down among them, as if at home.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Ashurbanipal<sup id="cite_ref-Healy54_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Healy54-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>With Elam destroyed, the Assyrians returned to find their empire falling apart; years of war had destroyed their ability to wage it. Within 34 years of Elam's destruction, Assyria fell as an independent political entity in the Middle East forever. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Ulai,_Elam,_653_BCE,_British_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Battle_of_Ulai%2C_Elam%2C_653_BCE%2C_British_Museum.jpg/880px-Battle_of_Ulai%2C_Elam%2C_653_BCE%2C_British_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="880" height="348" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Battle_of_Ulai%2C_Elam%2C_653_BCE%2C_British_Museum.jpg/1320px-Battle_of_Ulai%2C_Elam%2C_653_BCE%2C_British_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Battle_of_Ulai%2C_Elam%2C_653_BCE%2C_British_Museum.jpg/1760px-Battle_of_Ulai%2C_Elam%2C_653_BCE%2C_British_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="2161" /></a><figcaption>Relief of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ulai" title="Battle of Ulai">Battle of Ulai</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assyrian_conquest_of_Elam&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Susa" title="Battle of Susa">Battle of Susa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assyrian_conquest_of_Elam&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_1856-0909-52">"Wall panel; relief British Museum"</a>. <i>The British Museum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+British+Museum&rft.atitle=Wall+panel%3B+relief+British+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fcollection%2Fobject%2FW_1856-0909-52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssyrian+conquest+of+Elam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Healy54-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Healy54_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHealy1991" class="citation book cs1">Healy, Mark (1991). <i>The Ancient Assyrians</i>. New York: Osprey. p. 54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ancient+Assyrians&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Osprey&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Healy&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssyrian+conquest+of+Elam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_1851-0902-8-b">"Wall panel; relief British Museum"</a>. <i>The British Museum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+British+Museum&rft.atitle=Wall+panel%3B+relief+British+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fcollection%2Fobject%2FW_1851-0902-8-b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssyrian+conquest+of+Elam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assyrian_conquest_of_Elam&oldid=1259395035">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assyrian_conquest_of_Elam&oldid=1259395035</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:650s_BC" title="Category:650s BC">650s BC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:640s_BC" title="Category:640s BC">640s BC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:639_BC" title="Category:639 BC">639 BC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_BC_conflicts" title="Category:7th-century BC conflicts">7th-century BC conflicts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_Assyria" title="Category:Battles involving Assyria">Battles involving Assyria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:7th_century_BC_in_Assyria" title="Category:7th century BC in Assyria">7th century BC in Assyria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Elam" title="Category:Elam">Elam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Esarhaddon" title="Category:Esarhaddon">Esarhaddon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ashurbanipal" title="Category:Ashurbanipal">Ashurbanipal</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description" title="Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description">Short description with empty Wikidata description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_November_2019" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from November 2019">Articles needing additional references from November 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Iran_articles_missing_geocoordinate_data" title="Category:Iran articles missing geocoordinate data">Iran articles missing geocoordinate data</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_coordinates" title="Category:All articles needing coordinates">All articles needing coordinates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_missing_coordinates_without_coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Articles missing coordinates without coordinates on Wikidata">Articles missing coordinates without coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 November 2024, at 22:38<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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