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</a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Joseph Wright of Derby</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="جوزيف رايت من دربي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جوزيف رايت من دربي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cozef_Rayt" title="Cozef Rayt – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cozef Rayt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA)" title="Джозеф Райт (мастак) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джозеф Райт (мастак)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8D%D1%84_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA)" title="Джозэф Райт (мастак) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джозэф Райт (мастак)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_(Derby)" title="Joseph Wright (Derby) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Joseph Wright (Derby)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright" title="Joseph Wright – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Joseph Wright" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CF%8C%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%86_%CE%A1%CE%AC%CE%B9%CF%84_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%85" title="Τζόζεφ Ράιτ του Ντέρμπυ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζόζεφ Ράιτ του Ντέρμπυ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright" title="Joseph Wright – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Joseph Wright" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%81_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="جوزف رایت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جوزف رایت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%ED%94%84_%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="조지프 라이트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조지프 라이트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%A5%D6%86_%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A9" title="Ջոզեֆ Ռայթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջոզեֆ Ռայթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright" title="Joseph Wright – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Joseph Wright" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A3_%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99" title="ג'וזף רייט מדרבי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'וזף רייט מדרבי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright" title="Joseph Wright – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Joseph Wright" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iosephus_Wright_Derbiensis" title="Iosephus Wright Derbiensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iosephus Wright Derbiensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_i%C5%A1_Derbio" title="Joseph Wright iš Derbio – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Joseph Wright iš Derbio" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%89" title="چوزيف رايت من دربى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="چوزيف رايت من دربى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%82%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88_(%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="ジョセフ・ライト (画家) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョセフ・ライト (画家)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright" title="Joseph Wright – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Joseph Wright" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_(%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Райт, Джозеф (художник) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Райт, Джозеф (художник)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright" title="Joseph Wright – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Joseph Wright" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Joseph Wright of Derby – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Joseph Wright of Derby" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Джозеф Райт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джозеф Райт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q214062#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Joseph Wright</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_c.1780_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_c.1780_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_c.1780_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_c.1780_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_c.1780_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_c.1780_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_c.1780_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3992" data-file-height="4886" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Self-portrait <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1780</span>, oil on canvas,<br />in the <a href="/wiki/Yale_Center_for_British_Art" title="Yale Center for British Art">Yale Center for British Art</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1734-09-03</span>)</span>3 September 1734<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Derby" title="Derby">Derby</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">29 August 1797<span style="display:none">(1797-08-29)</span> (aged 62)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">Derby, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/St_Alkmund%27s_Church,_Derby" title="St Alkmund's Church, Derby">St Alkmund's Church, Derby</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Wright of Derby</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">Painter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Works</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_the_Air_Pump" title="An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump">An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Ann Swift</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="28 July 1773">1773</span>; died <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="17 August 1790">1790</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">6</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Joseph Wright</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Associate_Member_of_the_Royal_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate Member of the Royal Academy">ARA</a></span></span> (3 September 1734 – 29 August 1797), styled <b>Joseph Wright of Derby</b>, was an English landscape and portrait painter. He has been acclaimed as "the first professional painter to express the spirit of the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wright is notable for his use of <a href="/wiki/Tenebrism" title="Tenebrism">tenebrism</a>, an exaggerated form of the better known <a href="/wiki/Chiaroscuro" title="Chiaroscuro">chiaroscuro</a> effect, which emphasizes the contrast of light and dark, and for his paintings of candle-lit subjects. His paintings of the birth of science out of <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a>, often based on the meetings of the <a href="/wiki/Lunar_Society_of_Birmingham" title="Lunar Society of Birmingham">Lunar Society of Birmingham</a>, a group of scientists and industrialists living in the English Midlands, are a significant record of the struggle of science against religious values in the period known as the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a>. </p><p>Many of Wright's paintings and drawings are owned by <a href="/wiki/Derby_City_Council" title="Derby City Council">Derby City Council</a>, and are on display at the <a href="/wiki/Derby_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Derby Museum and Art Gallery">Derby Museum and Art Gallery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_an_Air_Pump_by_Joseph_Wright_of_Derby,_1768.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_an_Air_Pump_by_Joseph_Wright_of_Derby%2C_1768.jpg/220px-An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_an_Air_Pump_by_Joseph_Wright_of_Derby%2C_1768.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_an_Air_Pump_by_Joseph_Wright_of_Derby%2C_1768.jpg/330px-An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_an_Air_Pump_by_Joseph_Wright_of_Derby%2C_1768.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_an_Air_Pump_by_Joseph_Wright_of_Derby%2C_1768.jpg/440px-An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_an_Air_Pump_by_Joseph_Wright_of_Derby%2C_1768.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5639" data-file-height="4226" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_the_Air_Pump" title="An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump">An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump</a></i>, by Joseph Wright, 1768, National Gallery, London</figcaption></figure> <p>Joseph Wright was born in Irongate, <a href="/wiki/Derby" title="Derby">Derby</a>, to a respectable family of lawyers. He was the third of five children of Hannah Brookes (1700–1764) and John Wright (1697–1767), an attorney and the town clerk of Derby. Joseph had two elder brothers, John and Richard Wright. </p><p>Deciding to become a painter, as a seventeen-year old youth Wright went to <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in 1751 and for two years studied under <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hudson_(painter)" title="Thomas Hudson (painter)">Thomas Hudson</a>, the master of <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Reynolds" title="Joshua Reynolds">Joshua Reynolds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wright acknowledged that he was also influenced by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Cozens" title="Alexander Cozens">Alexander Cozens</a> and applied his composition ideas to paintings. </p><p>After painting portraits for a while in Derby, the young Wright again worked as an assistant to Hudson for fifteen months. In 1753 he returned to, and settled in Derby. He varied his work in portraiture by the production of subjects with strong tenebrism under artificial light, with which his name is chiefly associated, and by landscape painting.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wright also spent a productive period in <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, from 1768 to 1771, painting portraits. These included pictures of a number of prominent citizens and their families. </p><p>Having established himself in his profession Wright married Ann (also known as Hannah) Swift, the daughter of a Derbyshire lead miner, on 28 July 1773.<sup id="cite_ref-biograph_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biograph-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_1765-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_1765-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/170px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_1765-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_1765-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/255px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_1765-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_1765-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/340px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_self-portrait_1765-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5329" data-file-height="6403" /></a><figcaption>Self-portrait as a young man, 1765–1768, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Victoria" title="National Gallery of Victoria">National Gallery of Victoria</a>, Melbourne</figcaption></figure> <p>Wright set off in 1773 with <a href="/wiki/John_Downman" title="John Downman">John Downman</a>, a newly pregnant Ann Wright, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hurleston" title="Richard Hurleston">Richard Hurleston</a> for Italy. Their ship took shelter for three weeks in <a href="/wiki/Nice,_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Nice, France">Nice</a> before they completed their outward voyage in <a href="/wiki/Livorno" title="Livorno">Livorno</a> in Italy in February 1774.<sup id="cite_ref-tate_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tate-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Downman returned to Britain in 1775.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although he spent a great deal of productive time in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, Wright never witnessed any major eruption of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Vesuvius" title="Mount Vesuvius">Mount Vesuvius</a>. However, it is possible that he witnessed smaller, less impressive eruptions, which may have inspired many of his subsequent paintings of the volcano.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On his return from his working sojourn in Italy he again established himself in England as a portrait-painter, this time at the fashionable spa resort of <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a>. But he met with little encouragement there, and in 1777 returned to Derby where he spent the rest of his life.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the years he became increasingly asthmatic and nervous about the house, and for these complaints he was treated by his friend and leading medical doctor <a href="/wiki/Erasmus_Darwin" title="Erasmus Darwin">Erasmus Darwin</a>. His friendship with Darwin had brought him and his works into the orbit of the Lunar Society of Birmingham, and although he was not a formal member of the Society he can be considered a key artistic influence on the men of the Midlands Enlightenment. </p><p>In his latter years Wright was a frequent contributor to the exhibitions of the Society of Artists, and to those of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Academy">Royal Academy</a>, of which he was elected an associate in 1781 and a full member in 1784. He, however, declined the latter honour on account of a slight that he believed that he had received, and severed his official connection with the Academy, although he continued to contribute to the exhibitions from 1783 until 1794.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His wife Ann Wright died on 17 August 1790, having borne six children from the marriage, three of whom had died in infancy. On 29 August 1797 Wright himself died at his new home at No. 28 Queen Street, Derby, where he had spent his final months with his two daughters.<sup id="cite_ref-biograph_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biograph-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career_and_works">Career and works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career and works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Joseph_Wright_004.jpg/220px-Joseph_Wright_004.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Joseph_Wright_004.jpg/330px-Joseph_Wright_004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Joseph_Wright_004.jpg/440px-Joseph_Wright_004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="705" /></a><figcaption><i>Cave at evening</i>, (aka <i><a href="/wiki/Grotto_in_the_Gulf_of_Salerno" title="Grotto in the Gulf of Salerno">Grotto in the Gulf of Salerno</a></i>) by Joseph Wright, 1774,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Smith_College" title="Smith College">Smith College Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northampton,_Massachusetts" title="Northampton, Massachusetts">Northampton</a>, Massachusetts</figcaption></figure> <p>Wright is seen at his best in his candlelit subjects of which the <i><a href="/wiki/Three_Persons_Viewing_the_Gladiator_by_Candlelight" title="Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight">Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight</a></i> (1765), his <i><a href="/wiki/A_Philosopher_Lecturing_on_the_Orrery" title="A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery">A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery</a></i> (1766), in the <a href="/wiki/Derby_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Derby Museum and Art Gallery">Derby Museum and Art Gallery</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_the_Air_Pump" title="An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump">An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump</a></i> (1768), in the <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery, London">National Gallery</a> are excellent examples. His <i>Old Man and Death</i> (1774) is also a striking and individual production.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He painted <i><a href="/wiki/Dovedale_by_Moonlight" title="Dovedale by Moonlight">Dovedale by Moonlight</a></i>, capturing the rural landscape of a narrow valley called <a href="/wiki/Dovedale" title="Dovedale">Dovedale</a>, 14 miles northwest of Wright's home town of Derby, at night with a full moon. The painting hangs in the <a href="/wiki/Allen_Memorial_Art_Museum" title="Allen Memorial Art Museum">Allen Memorial Art Museum</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College" title="Oberlin College">Oberlin College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its companion piece, <i>Dovedale by Sunlight</i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1784–1785</span>) captures the colours of day. In another painting, <i>Moonlight Landscape</i>, in the <a href="/wiki/John_and_Mable_Ringling_Museum_of_Art" title="John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art">John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art</a>, Sarasota, Florida, equally dramatic, the Moon is obscured by an arched bridge over water, but illuminates the scene, making the water sparkle in contrast to the dusky landscape. Another memorable image from his tour of the <a href="/wiki/Lake_District" title="Lake District">Lake District</a> is <i>Rydal Waterfall</i> of 1795. </p><p><i>Cave at Evening</i> (above) is painted with the same dramatic <a href="/wiki/Chiaroscuro" title="Chiaroscuro">chiaroscuro</a> for which Wright is noted. The painting was executed during 1774, while he was staying in Italy. There are similarities to the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</a>'s holding, <i>Grotto by the Seaside in the Kingdom of Naples with Banditti, Sunset</i> (1778). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Painting_the_British_Enlightenment">Painting the British Enlightenment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Painting the British Enlightenment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_The_Alchemist.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_The_Alchemist.jpg/170px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_The_Alchemist.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_The_Alchemist.jpg/255px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_The_Alchemist.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_The_Alchemist.jpg/340px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_The_Alchemist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4724" data-file-height="6126" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alchemist_in_Search_of_the_Philosopher%27s_Stone" class="mw-redirect" title="The Alchemist in Search of the Philosopher's Stone">The Alchemist in Search of the Philosopher's Stone</a></i>, by Joseph Wright, 1771. <a href="/wiki/Derby_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Derby Museum and Art Gallery">Derby Museum and Art Gallery</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Wright had close contact with the pioneering industrialists of the English Midlands. Two of his most important patrons were <a href="/wiki/Josiah_Wedgwood" title="Josiah Wedgwood">Josiah Wedgwood</a>, credited with the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_process" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrial process">industrialization</a> of the manufacture of <a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">pottery</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Arkwright" title="Richard Arkwright">Richard Arkwright</a>, regarded as the creator of the <a href="/wiki/Factory_system" title="Factory system">factory system</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacture_during_the_Industrial_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution">cotton industry</a>. One of Wright's students, <a href="/wiki/William_Tate_(painter)" title="William Tate (painter)">William Tate</a>, was uncle to the eccentric gentleman tunneller, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Williamson_(philanthropist)" title="Joseph Williamson (philanthropist)">Joseph Williamson</a>, and completed some of Wright's works after his death. Wright also had connections with Erasmus Darwin and other members of the <a href="/wiki/Lunar_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar Society">Lunar Society</a>, which brought together leading industrialists, scientists, and philosophers. Although meetings were held in or near Birmingham, Darwin, grandfather of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a>, lived in Derby, and some of the paintings by Wright, which are notable for their use of brilliant light on shade, are of, or were inspired by, Lunar Society gatherings. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wright_of_Derby,_The_Orrery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wright_of_Derby%2C_The_Orrery.jpg/220px-Wright_of_Derby%2C_The_Orrery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wright_of_Derby%2C_The_Orrery.jpg/330px-Wright_of_Derby%2C_The_Orrery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wright_of_Derby%2C_The_Orrery.jpg/440px-Wright_of_Derby%2C_The_Orrery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6527" data-file-height="4581" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/A_Philosopher_Lecturing_on_the_Orrery" title="A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery">A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery</a></i>, 1766</figcaption></figure> <p><i>A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery</i> (1766) shows an early mechanism for demonstrating the movement of the planets around the Sun. The Scottish scientist <a href="/wiki/James_Ferguson_(1710%E2%80%931776)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Ferguson (1710–1776)">James Ferguson</a> (1710–1776) undertook a series of lectures in Derby in July 1762<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Baird_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baird-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> based on his book <i>Lectures on Select Subjects in Mechanics, Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, Optics &c</i>. (1760). To illustrate his lectures, Ferguson used various machines, models, and instruments. Wright may have attended these talks, especially as tickets were available from John Whitehurst, Wright's close neighbour, a clockmaker and a scientist. Wright could have drawn on Whitehurst's practical knowledge to learn more about the orrery and its operation. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_the_Air_Pump" title="An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump">An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump</a></i> (1768) shows people gathered to observe an early experiment into the nature of air and its ability to support life. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alchemist_in_Search_of_the_Philosopher%27s_Stone" class="mw-redirect" title="The Alchemist in Search of the Philosopher's Stone">The Alchemist in Search of the Philosopher's Stone</a></i> (1771) depicts the discovery of the element <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a> by German alchemist <a href="/wiki/Hennig_Brand" title="Hennig Brand">Hennig Brand</a> in 1669. A flask in which a large quantity of <a href="/wiki/Urine" title="Urine">urine</a> has been boiled down is seen bursting into light as the phosphorus, which is abundant in urine, ignites spontaneously in air. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_-_An_Iron_Forge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Joseph_Wright_-_An_Iron_Forge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Joseph_Wright_-_An_Iron_Forge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Joseph_Wright_-_An_Iron_Forge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Joseph_Wright_-_An_Iron_Forge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Joseph_Wright_-_An_Iron_Forge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Joseph_Wright_-_An_Iron_Forge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2801" data-file-height="2572" /></a><figcaption><i>An Iron Forge</i>, 1772, oil on canvas. <a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a>, London.</figcaption></figure> <p>These factual paintings are considered to also have metaphorical meaning, the bursting into light of the phosphorus in front of a praying figure signifying the problematic transition from faith to scientific understanding and enlightenment, and the various expressions on the figures around the bird in the air pump indicating concern over the possible inhumanity of the coming age of science.<sup id="cite_ref-Baird_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baird-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These paintings represent a high point in scientific enquiry that began to undermine the power of religion in Western societies. Some ten years later, scientists would find themselves persecuted in the backlash to the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> of 1789. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Priestley" title="Joseph Priestley">Joseph Priestley</a>, a member of the Lunar Society, left Britain in 1794 after his Birmingham laboratory was smashed and his house burned down by a mob objecting to his outspoken support for the French Revolution. In France, the chemist <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier">Antoine Lavoisier</a> was executed by the <a href="/wiki/Guillotine" title="Guillotine">guillotine</a> at the height of the <a href="/wiki/Reign_of_Terror" title="Reign of Terror">Terror</a>. The politician and philosopher <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Edmund Burke</a>, in his famous <i>Reflections on the Revolution in France</i> (1790), tied natural philosophers, and specifically Priestley, to the French Revolution; he later wrote in his <i>Letter to a Noble Lord</i> (1796) that radicals who supported science in Britain "considered man in their experiments no more than they do mice in an air pump".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In light of this comment, Wright's painting of the bird in the air pump, completed more than twenty years earlier, seems particularly prescient. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_Dovedale_by_Moonlight_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_Dovedale_by_Moonlight_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_Dovedale_by_Moonlight_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_Dovedale_by_Moonlight_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_Dovedale_by_Moonlight_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_Dovedale_by_Moonlight_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_Dovedale_by_Moonlight_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2021" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Dovedale_by_Moonlight" title="Dovedale by Moonlight">Dovedale by Moonlight</a></i>, 1784. <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Houston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Houston">Museum of Fine Arts, Houston</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>It was against this background that <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a>, grandson of Erasmus Darwin, would add to the conflict between science and religious belief, half a century later, with the publication of his book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Origin_of_Species" class="mw-redirect" title="The Origin of Species">The Origin of Species</a></i> in 1859. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Memorials">Memorials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Memorials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_Orrery.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_Orrery.JPG/170px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_Orrery.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_Orrery.JPG/255px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_Orrery.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_Orrery.JPG/340px-Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_Orrery.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Armillary_sphere" title="Armillary sphere">armillary sphere</a> memorial in Irongate, <a href="/wiki/Derby" title="Derby">Derby</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_-_Mrs._Robert_Gwillym.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Joseph_Wright_-_Mrs._Robert_Gwillym.jpg/170px-Joseph_Wright_-_Mrs._Robert_Gwillym.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Joseph_Wright_-_Mrs._Robert_Gwillym.jpg/255px-Joseph_Wright_-_Mrs._Robert_Gwillym.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Joseph_Wright_-_Mrs._Robert_Gwillym.jpg/340px-Joseph_Wright_-_Mrs._Robert_Gwillym.jpg 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Mrs Robert Gwillym. <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_Art_Museum" title="Saint Louis Art Museum">Saint Louis Art Museum</a>, Missouri.</figcaption></figure> <p>Wright's birthplace at 28 Irongate, Derby, is commemorated with a representation of an <a href="/wiki/Armillary_sphere" title="Armillary sphere">armillary sphere</a> on the pavement nearby. </p><p>Joseph Wright was buried in the grounds of <a href="/wiki/St_Alkmund%27s_Church,_Derby" title="St Alkmund's Church, Derby">St Alkmund's Church</a>, Derby. The church was demolished in 1968 to make way for a major new section of the inner ring road cutting through the town centre, and its site now lies beneath the road. Wright's remains were removed to <a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Road_Cemetery" title="Nottingham Road Cemetery">Nottingham Road Cemetery</a>. In 1997, his tombstone was placed at the side of Derby Cathedral, and in 2002, it was brought inside and wall-mounted in a prominent place near the well-visited memorial to <a href="/wiki/Bess_of_Hardwick" title="Bess of Hardwick">Bess of Hardwick</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wright's name has been given to the sixth-form centre situated on Cathedral Row, Derby (not far from Iron Gate). The Joseph Wright Centre was opened in 2005 as the new flagship site for <a href="/wiki/Derby_College" title="Derby College">Derby College</a>. The building is named after the eighteenth-century painter because his "artwork captured the many scientific and technological advances of the Industrial Revolution."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 2013 Derby City Council and Derby Civic Society announced they would erect a <a href="/wiki/Blue_plaque" title="Blue plaque">blue plaque</a> on his home at 27 Queen Street in Derby.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_works">Other works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vesuvius_from_Posillipo_by_Moonlight" title="Vesuvius from Posillipo by Moonlight">Vesuvius from Posillipo by Moonlight</a></i> (1774)</li> <li><i>Grotto by the Seaside in the Kingdom of Naples with Banditti, Sunset</i> (1778) <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peter_Labilliere" title="Peter Labilliere">Peter Labilliere</a></i> (1780) Dorking Museum, UK<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Widow" title="Indian Widow">Indian Widow</a></i> (1784)</li> <li><i>Miss Mary Tunaley</i> (1790–93) <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet:_the_Tomb_Scene" title="Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene">Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene</a></i> (1790) <a href="/wiki/Derby_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Derby Museum and Art Gallery">Derby Museum and Art Gallery</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virgil%27s_Tomb_(Joseph_Wright_paintings)" title="Virgil's Tomb (Joseph Wright paintings)">Virgil's Tomb</a></i> (three versions, 1779 to 1785)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georges_de_La_Tour" title="Georges de La Tour">Georges de La Tour</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Klingender" title="Francis Klingender">F. D. Klingender</a>; quoted in Ellis Waterhouse, <i>Painting in Britain 1530 to 1790,</i> Fourth Edition, New York, Viking Penguin, 1978; p. 285.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKennedy2012" class="citation news cs1">Kennedy, Maev (23 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/feb/23/restoration-joseph-wright-derby-paintings">"Restoration of Joseph Wright of Derby paintings reveals hidden details"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Restoration+of+Joseph+Wright+of+Derby+paintings+reveals+hidden+details&rft.date=2012-02-23&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Maev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2012%2Ffeb%2F23%2Frestoration-joseph-wright-derby-paintings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. 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Cambridge University Press. p. 846.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wright%2C+Joseph&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=846&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-biograph-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-biograph_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-biograph_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080114003238/http://www.mezzo-mondo.com/arts/mm/wright/wright.html">"Joseph Wright of Derby Biograph"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mezzo-mondo.com/arts/mm/wright/wright.html">the original</a> on 14 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Joseph+Wright+of+Derby+Biograph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mezzo-mondo.com%2Farts%2Fmm%2Fwright%2Fwright.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tate-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tate_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyles" class="citation web cs1">Lyles, Anne; et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/wright-inside-the-arcade-of-the-colosseum-t08590/text-exhibition-catalogue-text">"Inside the Arcade of the Colosseum"</a>. <i>Catalogue entry from British Watercolours from the Oppé Collection</i>. The Tate<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catalogue+entry+from+British+Watercolours+from+the+Opp%C3%A9+Collection&rft.atitle=Inside+the+Arcade+of+the+Colosseum&rft.aulast=Lyles&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fart%2Fartworks%2Fwright-inside-the-arcade-of-the-colosseum-t08590%2Ftext-exhibition-catalogue-text&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jane Munro, "Downman, John (1750–1824)", <i>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</i>, Oxford University Press, 2004 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7984,">accessed 7 Sept 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/wright-vesuvius-in-eruption-with-a-view-over-the-islands-in-the-bay-of-naples-t05846/text-summary">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Vesuvius in Eruption, with a View over the Islands in the Bay of Naples', Joseph Wright of Derby: Summary – Tate"</a>. <i>Tate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Joseph+Wright+of+Derby%3A+Art%2C+the+Enlightenment+and+Industrial+Revolution&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.search.revolutionaryplayers.org.uk%2Fengine%2Fresource%2Fexhibition%2Fstandard%2Fdefault.asp%3Fresource%3D5230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Baird-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baird_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baird_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBairdDick" class="citation web cs1">Baird, Olga; Dick, Malcolm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070316172422/http://www.search.revolutionaryplayers.org.uk/content/files/81/76/355.rtf">"Joseph Wright of Derby: Art, the Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ourcivilisation.com&rft.atitle=Letter+To+A+Noble+Lord&rft.date=1795%2F1796&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=Edmund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcivilisation.com%2Fsmartboard%2Fshop%2Fburkee%2Ftolord%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.derbyphotos.co.uk/areas_city/irongate.htm">"Photographs around Iron Gate & Sadler Gate in Derby City Centre, England"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photographs+around+Iron+Gate+%26+Sadler+Gate+in+Derby+City+Centre%2C+England&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.derbyphotos.co.uk%2Fareas_city%2Firongate.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090709130614/http://www.derby-college.ac.uk/college-sites/the-joseph-wright-centre2">"Website, with photos, of the Joseph Wright Centre, Derby College"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.derby-college.ac.uk/college-sites/the-joseph-wright-centre2">the original</a> on 9 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Website%2C+with+photos%2C+of+the+Joseph+Wright+Centre%2C+Derby+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.derby-college.ac.uk%2Fcollege-sites%2Fthe-joseph-wright-centre2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130423203413/http://www.thisisderbyshire.co.uk/LIST-DERBEIANS-HONOURED/story-18125437-detail/story.html%23axzz2KjCUpLKV">"LIST OF DERBEIANS TO BE HONOURED"</a>. <i>Derby Telegraph</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thisisderbyshire.co.uk/LIST-DERBEIANS-HONOURED/story-18125437-detail/story.html#axzz2KjCUpLKV">the original</a> on 23 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Derby+Telegraph&rft.atitle=LIST+OF+DERBEIANS+TO+BE+HONOURED&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thisisderbyshire.co.uk%2FLIST-DERBEIANS-HONOURED%2Fstory-18125437-detail%2Fstory.html%23axzz2KjCUpLKV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/grotto-by-the-seaside-in-the-kingdom-of-naples-with-banditti-sunset-34993">"Grotto by the Seaside in the Kingdom of Naples with Banditti, Sunset"</a>. 5 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grotto+by+the+Seaside+in+the+Kingdom+of+Naples+with+Banditti%2C+Sunset&rft.date=2017-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mfa.org%2Fcollections%2Fobject%2Fgrotto-by-the-seaside-in-the-kingdom-of-naples-with-banditti-sunset-34993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/major-peter-labilliere-d-1800-12319">"Portrait of Peter Labilliere"</a>. Art UK<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portrait+of+Peter+Labilliere&rft.pub=Art+UK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartuk.org%2Fdiscover%2Fartworks%2Fmajor-peter-labilliere-d-1800-12319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/miss-mary-tunaley-33448">"Miss Mary Tunaley"</a>. 5 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miss+Mary+Tunaley&rft.date=2017-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mfa.org%2Fcollections%2Fobject%2Fmiss-mary-tunaley-33448&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoseph+Wright+of+Derby" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Barker, Elizabeth and Alex Kidson. <i>Joseph Wright of Derby in Liverpool</i>. Yale University Press, 2007.</li> <li>Bemrose, William. <i>The Life and Works of Joseph Wright, Commonly called 'Wright of Derby</i>. Bemrose and Sons 1885.</li> <li>Busch, Werner. <i>Joseph Wright of Derby. Das Experiment mit der Luftpumpe: eine heilige Allianz zwischen Wissenschaft und Religion</i>. Frankfurt am Main: Fischer, 1986.</li> <li>Craske, Matthew. <i>Joseph Wright of Derby, Painter of Darkness</i>. Yale University Press, 2020.</li> <li>Daniels, Stephen. Joseph Wright. Princeton University Press, 1999.</li> <li>Edgerton, Judy. <i>Wright of Derby</i>. Exh. cat. Tate Gallery, 1990.</li> <li>Fraser, David. <i>Wright in Italy: Joseph Wright of Derby's Visit Abroad, 1773–5</i>. Gainsborough's House, 1987.</li> <li>Graciano. Andrew. "Art, Science and Enlightenment." PhD dissertation, University of Virginia, 2002.</li> <li>Graciano, Andrew. <i>Joseph Wright, Esq., Painter and Gentleman</i>. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012.</li> <li>Graciano, Andrew. "'The Book of Nature is Open to All Men': Geology, Mining and History in Joseph Wright's Derbyshire Landscapes." <i>Huntington Library Quarterly</i> 68, no. 4 (2005): 583–600.</li> <li>Graciano, Andrew. "Shedding New Botanical Light on Joseph Wright's <i>Portrait of Brooke Boothby</i>: Rousseauian Pleasure versus Medicinal Utility." <i>Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte</i> 67 no. 3 (2004): 365–380.</li> <li>Nicolson, Benedict. "Addenda to Wright of Derby." <i>Apollo</i> 88 (November 1968), suppl. Notes on British Art 12, 1–4.</li> <li>Nicolson, Benedict. "Wright of Derby: addenda and corrigenda." <i>Burlington Magazine</i> 130, no. 1,027 (October 1988): 745–58.</li> <li>Nicolson, Benedict. <i>Joseph Wright of Derby: Painter of Light</i>, 2 vols. Pantheon, 1968.</li> <li>Solkin, David H. <i>Painting for Money: The Visual Arts and the Public Sphere in Eighteenth-Century England</i>. Yale University Press, 1993: pages 214–46.</li> <li>Rosenblum, Robert. "Wright of Derby: Gothick Realist." <i>Art News</i> 59, no. 1 (March 1960): 24–7, 54.</li> <li>Wallis, Jane. <i>Joseph Wright of Derby</i>. Derby Museum And Art Gallery, 1997.</li> <li>Wright, Amina. <i>Joseph Wright of Derby: Bath and Beyond</i>. Exh. cat. Holburne Museum, 2014.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wright_of_Derby&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100830092959/http://www.derby.gov.uk/LeisureCulture/MuseumsGalleries/ArtTreasuresJosephWrightGallery.htm">Gallery of Joseph Wright paintings at Derby Museum and Art Gallery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=697&page=1">Getty Museum profile</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.racollection.org.uk/ixbin/indexplus?_IXACTION_=file&_IXFILE_=templates/full/person.html&_IXTRAIL_=Academicians&person=5995">Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/search/actor:wright-of-derby-joseph-17341797">161 artworks by or after Joseph Wright of Derby</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Art_UK" title="Art UK">Art UK</a> site</li> <li><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/search?title=The+Life+and+Works+of+Joseph+Wright&author=Bemrose&reader=&keywords=&genre_id=0&status=all&project_type=either&recorded_language=&sort_order=catalog_date&search_page=1&search_form=advanced"><i>The Life and Works of Joseph Wright</i> by William Bemrose</a> public domain audiobook at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Template:Joseph Wright of Derby"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Template talk:Joseph Wright of Derby"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Joseph Wright of Derby"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Joseph_Wright_of_Derby56" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joseph Wright of Derby</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Borrow_and_Ann_Borrow" title="Thomas Borrow and Ann Borrow"><i>Thomas Borrow</i> and <i>Ann Borrow</i></a> (1762–63)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Persons_Viewing_the_Gladiator_by_Candlelight" title="Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight">Three Persons Viewing the Gladiator by Candlelight</a></i> (1765)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Philosopher_Lecturing_on_the_Orrery" title="A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery">A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery</a></i> (1766)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_the_Air_Pump" title="An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump">An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump</a></i> (1768)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Two_Girls_Dressing_a_Kitten_by_Candlelight" title="Two Girls Dressing a Kitten by Candlelight">Two Girls Dressing a Kitten by Candlelight</a></i> (c. 1768)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Philosopher_by_Lamplight" title="A Philosopher by Lamplight">A Philosopher by Lamplight</a></i> (c. 1769)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alchemist_Discovering_Phosphorus" title="The Alchemist Discovering Phosphorus">The Alchemist Discovering Phosphorus</a></i> (1771)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blacksmith%27s_Shop" title="The Blacksmith's Shop">The Blacksmith's Shop</a></i> (1771)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miravan_Breaking_Open_the_Tomb_of_his_Ancestors" title="Miravan Breaking Open the Tomb of his Ancestors">Miravan Breaking Open the Tomb of his Ancestors</a></i> (1772)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Earthstopper" title="The Earthstopper">The Earthstopper</a></i> (1773)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grotto_in_the_Gulf_of_Salerno" title="Grotto in the Gulf of Salerno">Grotto in the Gulf of Salerno</a></i> (1774)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Captive_(painting)" title="The Captive (painting)">The Captive</a></i> (1774)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vesuvius_from_Posillipo_by_Moonlight" title="Vesuvius from Posillipo by Moonlight">Vesuvius from Posillipo by Moonlight</a></i> (1774)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Widow" title="Indian Widow">Indian Widow</a></i> (1783/84)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dovedale_by_Moonlight" title="Dovedale by Moonlight">Dovedale by Moonlight</a></i> (1784)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet:_the_Tomb_Scene" title="Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene">Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene</a></i> (1790)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vesuvius_in_Eruption_(Wright_painting)" title="Vesuvius in Eruption (Wright painting)">Vesuvius in Eruption</a></i> (1773–1775)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virgil%27s_Tomb_(Joseph_Wright_paintings)" title="Virgil's Tomb (Joseph Wright paintings)">Virgil's Tomb</a></i> (1779, 1782, 1785)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drawings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Captive_King" title="The Captive King">The Captive King</a></i> (1772)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Derby Museum and Art Gallery">Derby Museum and Art Gallery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Derby_Museum_and_Art_Gallery345" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Derby_Museum" title="Template:Derby Museum"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Derby_Museum" title="Template talk:Derby Museum"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Derby_Museum" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Derby Museum"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Derby_Museum_and_Art_Gallery345" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Derby_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Derby Museum and Art Gallery">Derby Museum and Art Gallery</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Leggatt_Chantrey" title="Francis Leggatt Chantrey">Francis Leggatt Chantrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Ellis_Clark" title="Ernest Ellis Clark">Ernest Ellis Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._J._Coffee" title="W. J. Coffee">W. J. Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Sketching_Club" title="Derby Sketching Club">Derby Sketching Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Fidler" title="Harry Fidler">Harry Fidler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Gresley" title="Harold Gresley">Harold Gresley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Holtzendorff" title="Georg Holtzendorff">Count Holtzendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hurleston" title="Richard Hurleston">Richard Hurleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_John_Keene" title="Alfred John Keene">Alfred John Keene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lark_Pratt" title="Henry Lark Pratt">Henry Lark Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Payne_(artist)" title="David Payne (artist)">David Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Pope" title="Ronald Pope">Ronald Pope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Rayner" title="Samuel Rayner">Samuel Rayner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Rayner" title="Louise Rayner">Louise Rayner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Smith_(Derby)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Smith (Derby)">Thomas Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tate_(painter)" title="William Tate (painter)">William Tate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Townsend" title="Ernest Townsend">Ernest Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Turner_(artist)" title="George Turner (artist)">George Turner</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joseph Wright of Derby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashford_Black_Marble" title="Ashford Black Marble">Ashford Black Marble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Farey,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Farey, Sr.">John Farey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Martin_(naturalist)" title="William Martin (naturalist)">William Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matlockite" title="Matlockite">Matlockite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mawe" title="John Mawe">John Mawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Watson" title="White Watson">White Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whitehurst" title="John Whitehurst">John Whitehurst</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Decorative arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Prince_Charlie_Room" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonnie Prince Charlie Room">Bonnie Prince Charlie Room</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9th/12th_Royal_Lancers" title="9th/12th Royal Lancers">9th/12th Royal Lancers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Goate" title="William Goate">William Goate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kells" title="Robert Kells">Robert Kells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Octavius_Grenfell" title="Francis Octavius Grenfell">Francis O. Grenfell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Rushe" title="David Rushe">David Rushe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Spence_(VC)" title="David Spence (VC)">David Spence</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/General_Johnson_Saving_a_Wounded_French_Officer_from_the_Tomahawk_of_a_North_American_Indian" title="General Johnson Saving a Wounded French Officer from the Tomahawk of a North American Indian">Gen. Johnson Saving Officer from Tomahawk</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Natural history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allenton_hippopotamus" title="Allenton hippopotamus">Allenton hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King_of_Rome" title="The King of Rome">King of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Richardson_Linton" title="William Richardson Linton">William Richardson Linton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hunt_Painter" title="William Hunt Painter">William Hunt Painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Whittaker" title="Joseph Whittaker">Joseph Whittaker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joseph Wright</a><br />paintings and drawings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_Arkwright" title="Richard Arkwright">Richard Arkwright</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grotto_in_the_Gulf_of_Salerno" title="Grotto in the Gulf of Salerno">Grotto in the Gulf of Salerno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Philosopher_Lecturing_on_the_Orrery" title="A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery">A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Widow" title="Indian Widow">Indian Widow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet:_the_Tomb_Scene" title="Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene">Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miravan_Breaking_Open_the_Tomb_of_his_Ancestors" title="Miravan Breaking Open the Tomb of his Ancestors">Miravan Breaking Open the Tomb of his Ancestors</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alchemist_Discovering_Phosphorus" title="The Alchemist Discovering Phosphorus">The Alchemist Discovering Phosphorus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virgil%27s_Tomb_(Joseph_Wright_paintings)" title="Virgil's Tomb (Joseph Wright paintings)">Virgil's Tomb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blacksmith%27s_Shop" title="The Blacksmith's Shop">The Blacksmith's Shop</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Earthstopper" title="The Earthstopper">The Earthstopper</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Philosopher_by_Lamplight" title="A Philosopher by Lamplight">A Philosopher by Lamplight</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ward_(taster)" title="Samuel Ward (taster)">Samuel Ward</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Captive_(painting)" title="The Captive (painting)">The Captive</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Captive_King" title="The Captive King">The Captive King</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dovedale_by_Moonlight" title="Dovedale by Moonlight">Dovedale</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Borrow_and_Ann_Borrow" title="Thomas Borrow and Ann Borrow"><i>Thomas Borrow</i> and <i>Ann Borrow</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vesuvius_in_Eruption_(Wright_painting)" title="Vesuvius in Eruption (Wright painting)">Vesuvius in Eruption</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Porcelain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_porcelain_factory" title="Chelsea porcelain factory">Chelsea porcelain factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Porcelain" title="Derby Porcelain">Derby Porcelain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Crown_Derby" title="Royal Crown Derby">Royal Crown Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinxton_Porcelain" title="Pinxton Porcelain">Pinxton Porcelain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Planche" title="Andrew Planche">André Planché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Billingsley_(artist)" title="William Billingsley (artist)">William Billingsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Duesbury" title="William Duesbury">William Duesbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient Britain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creswellian_culture" title="Creswellian culture">Creswellian culture </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derventio_(Little_Chester)" class="mw-redirect" title="Derventio (Little Chester)">Derventio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strutt%27s_Park_Roman_fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Strutt's Park Roman fort">Strutt's Park Roman fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Racecourse_Roman_settlement" title="Derby Racecourse Roman settlement">Derby Racecourse Roman settlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanson_Log_Boat" title="Hanson Log Boat">Hanson Log Boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Heathen_Army" title="Great Heathen Army">Great Heathen Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heath_Wood_barrow_cemetery" title="Heath Wood barrow cemetery">Heath Wood barrow cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codnor_Castle" title="Codnor Castle">Codnor Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffield_Castle,_Derbyshire" title="Duffield Castle, Derbyshire">Duffield Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icknield_Street" title="Icknield Street">Icknield St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Street_(Derbyshire)" title="The Street (Derbyshire)">The Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Lane_(Derbyshire)" title="The Long Lane (Derbyshire)">The Long Lane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Science and engineering</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Coelestis" title="Atlas Coelestis">Atlas Coelestis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Vulliamy" title="Benjamin Vulliamy">Benjamin Vulliamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehurst_%26_Son_sundial_(1812)" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitehurst & Son sundial (1812)">Whitehurst & Son sundial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Handyside_and_Company" title="Andrew Handyside and Company">Andrew Handyside & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Research_Division" title="British Rail Research Division">British Rail Research Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Philosophical_Society" title="Derby Philosophical Society">Derby Philosophical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Exhibition_(1839)" title="Derby Exhibition (1839)">Derby Exhibition (1839)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkmund_of_Derby" title="Alkmund of Derby">Alkmund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Perez_Burdett" title="Peter Perez Burdett">P. P. Burdett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%27Ewes_Coke" title="D'Ewes Coke">D'Ewes Coke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus_Darwin" title="Erasmus Darwin">Erasmus Darwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cavendish,_6th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire">6th Duke of Devonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ferguson_(Scottish_astronomer)" title="James Ferguson (Scottish astronomer)">James Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Keily" title="Arthur Keily">Arthur Keily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Knill_Freeman" title="Richard Knill Freeman">R. K. Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_E._Goodey" title="Alfred E. Goodey">Alfred E. Goodey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harpur_Crewe" title="George Harpur Crewe">Sir George Harpur Crewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llewellynn_Jewitt" title="Llewellynn Jewitt">Llewellynn Jewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lombe" title="John Lombe">John Lombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mundy_(MP)" title="William Mundy (MP)">William Mundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pickford" title="Joseph Pickford">Joseph Pickford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Shirley,_5th_Earl_Ferrers" title="Washington Shirley, 5th Earl Ferrers">5th Earl Ferrers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sorocold" title="George Sorocold">George Sorocold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Strutt_(philanthropist)" title="Joseph Strutt (philanthropist)">Joseph Strutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sylvester" title="Charles Sylvester">Charles Sylvester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Derby_Silk_Mill" title="Derby Silk Mill">Derby Silk Mill</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lombe%27s_Mill" title="Lombe's Mill">Lombe's Mill</a>)</b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pickford%27s_House_Museum" title="Pickford's House Museum">Pickford's House Museum</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Derby_Central_Library" title="Derby Central Library">Central Library</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214062#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1865" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214062#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1865" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214062#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/89048916">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118812785">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n87933688">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12155799p">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12155799p">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35621531">Australia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500029777">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/85718">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/cd3182e0-3469-419b-a9e3-8cd19ed5b3d8">KulturNav</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/1712/">Victoria</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/hi/gnt/dsi2/index.php?table_name=dsi&function=details&where_field=id&where_value=3341">Scientific illustrators</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artist/1925/">Auckland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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