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<span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Colosteidae</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown 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Disponible en 9 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85" title="معتلات العظم – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معتلات العظم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colost%C3%A8ids" title="Colostèids – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Colostèids" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae" title="Colosteidae – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Colosteidae" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae" title="Colosteidae – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Colosteidae" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae" title="Colosteidae – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Colosteidae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae" title="Colosteidae – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Colosteidae" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae" title="Colosteidae – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Colosteidae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae" title="Colosteidae – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Colosteidae" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Колостеиды – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Колостеиды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q143093#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p id="sous_titre_h1" class="noexcerpt">Colostéidés</p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r204255952">.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3{font-size:0.99em}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3 .entete,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3 caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3 p.bloc{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3 th{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.bordered th[scope=row],.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.bordered td{padding-bottom:4px;border-top:1px solid #ededed}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.animal .entete{background-color:LightSalmon}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.animal caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.animal p.bloc{background-color:Bisque}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.plante .entete{background-color:lightgreen}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.plante caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.plante p.bloc{background-color:#ccffcc}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.champignon .entete{background-color:SkyBlue}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.champignon caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.champignon p.bloc{background-color:PowderBlue}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.test .entete{background-color:#50a0a0}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.test caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.test p.bloc{background-color:#70c0c0}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.algue .entete{background-color:MediumAquamarine}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.algue caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.algue p.bloc{background-color:#bfffe6}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.archaea .entete{background-color:darkgray}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.archaea caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.archaea p.bloc{background-color:lightgray}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.protiste .entete{background-color:khaki}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.protiste caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.protiste p.bloc{background-color:PaleGoldenrod}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.virus .entete{background-color:#d1d1f9}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.virus caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.virus p.bloc{background-color:Lavender}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.neutre .entete{background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.neutre caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.neutre p.bloc{background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.bacterie .entete,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.eucaryote .entete,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.procaryote .entete{background-color:lightgrey}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.bacterie caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.bacterie p.bloc,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.eucaryote caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.eucaryote p.bloc,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.procaryote caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.procaryote p.bloc{background-color:#e6e6e6}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3 .taxobox_classification{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3 .taxobox_classification .rnormal,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.zoologie .taxobox_classification .normal,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3 th[scope="row"]{font-style:normal}</style><div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive large taxobox_v3 zoologie animal bordered" style="width:20em"> <div class="entete" style=""> <div>Colosteidae</div> </div><div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Colosteidae_NT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Colosteidae_NT.jpg/240px-Colosteidae_NT.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Colosteidae_NT.jpg/360px-Colosteidae_NT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Colosteidae_NT.jpg/480px-Colosteidae_NT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend">Restauration et comparaison de taille de 3 membres de Colosteidae par <a href="/wiki/Nobu_Tamura" title="Nobu Tamura">Nobu Tamura</a>.</div><table class="taxobox_classification"><caption style=""><a href="/wiki/Classification_scientifique_des_esp%C3%A8ces" title="Classification scientifique des espèces">Classification</a></caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A8gne_(biologie)" title="Règne (biologie)">Règne</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Embranchement_(biologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Embranchement (biologie)">Embranchement</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata">Chordata</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Sous-embranchement" title="Sous-embranchement"><abbr class="abbr" title="Sous-embranchement">Sous-embr.</abbr></a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Classe_(biologie)" title="Classe (biologie)">Classe</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Sarcopterygii" title="Sarcopterygii">Sarcopterygii</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">Clade</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Stegocephalia" title="Stegocephalia">Stegocephalia</a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p class="bloc"><a href="/wiki/Famille_(biologie)" title="Famille (biologie)">Famille</a></p><div class="center taxobox_classification"><span style="font-style: normal"><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr></span> <b><span class="normal"><span style="font-style: normal">Colosteidae</span></span></b><br /><span class="rnormal"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Edward_Drinker_Cope" title="Edward Drinker Cope">Cope</a>, <a href="/wiki/1875" title="1875">1875</a></b></small></span></div> <p class="bloc"><a href="/wiki/Genre_(biologie)" title="Genre (biologie)">Genres</a> de rang inférieur</p> <div class="left"> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr> <i><a href="/wiki/Colosteus" title="Colosteus">Colosteus</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Genre_type" title="Genre type">type</a>)</li> <li><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deltaherpeton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deltaherpeton (page inexistante)">Deltaherpeton</a></i></li> <li><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greererpeton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greererpeton (page inexistante)">Greererpeton</a></i></li> <li><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pholidogaster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pholidogaster (page inexistante)">Pholidogaster</a></i></li></ul></div> </div> <p>Les <b>colostéidés</b> (<b>Colosteidae</b>) forment une <a href="/wiki/Famille_(biologie)" title="Famille (biologie)">famille</a> <a href="/wiki/Extinction_des_esp%C3%A8ces" title="Extinction des espèces">éteinte</a> de <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9goc%C3%A9phales" class="mw-redirect" title="Stégocéphales">stégocéphales</a> apparentés aux <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9trapodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tétrapodes">tétrapodes</a> et ayant vécu durant le <a href="/wiki/Carbonif%C3%A8re" title="Carbonifère">Carbonifère</a>, entre 346,7 et 305,9 millions d'années avant notre ère<sup id="cite_ref-BoltLombard10_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoltLombard10-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ils possèdent une variété de caractéristiques de différents groupes de tétrapodes ou de <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9trapodes_souches" class="mw-redirect" title="Tétrapodes souches">tétrapodes souches</a>, ce qui les rendait historiquement <a href="/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis">difficiles à classer</a>. Ils sont maintenant considérés comme faisant partie d'une lignée intermédiaire entre les premiers <a href="/wiki/Vert%C3%A9br%C3%A9s" title="Vertébrés">vertébrés</a> terrestres du <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9vonien" title="Dévonien">Dévonien</a> (comme <i><a href="/wiki/Ichthyostega" title="Ichthyostega">Ichthyostega</a></i>) et les différents groupes ancestraux de tous les vrais tétrapodes, tels que les <a href="/wiki/Temnospondyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Temnospondyle">temnospondyles</a> (probablement ancestraux des <a href="/wiki/Amphibien" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibien">amphibiens</a> <a href="/wiki/Lissamphibia" title="Lissamphibia">modernes</a>) et les <a href="/wiki/Reptiliomorphe" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptiliomorphe">reptiliomorphes</a> (qui incluent les ancêtres des <a href="/wiki/Amniotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Amniotes">amniotes</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Description" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Description"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les colostéidés ont des corps allongés, avec environ <span class="nowrap">40 <a href="/wiki/Vert%C3%A8bres" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertèbres">vertèbres</a></span>, sans compter la <a href="/wiki/Queue_(anatomie)" title="Queue (anatomie)">queue</a>. Le <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A2ne" title="Crâne">crâne</a> est aplatie et est composé de nombreux os séparés, comme celui des autres <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9goc%C3%A9phales" class="mw-redirect" title="Stégocéphales">stégocéphales</a>. Les colostéidés n'ont pas d' <a href="/wiki/%C3%89chancrure_otique" title="Échancrure otique">échancrure otiques</a> à l'arrière de la tête, contrairement aux <a href="/wiki/Temnospondyles" class="mw-redirect" title="Temnospondyles">temnospondyles</a> et autres <a href="/wiki/Labyrinthodontia" title="Labyrinthodontia">labyrinthodontes</a>. Cependant, ils possèdent de grands <a href="/wiki/Crocs" title="Crocs">crocs</a> mandibulaires et palatins (sur la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A2choire_inf%C3%A9rieure" class="mw-redirect" title="Mâchoire inférieure">mâchoire inférieure</a> et le toit de la bouche) en plus de petites dents marginales (au bord de la bouche), comme les "labyrinthodontes". Le crâne est recouvert de larges rainures sensorielles, dites lignes latérales, qui s'étend du bord arrière du crâne à l'extrémité du museau. La plupart des stégocéphales aquatiques ont leurs lignes latérales plongeantes, ininterrompues, sous les <a href="/wiki/Narine" title="Narine">narines</a> une fois qu'elles atteignent le bout du <a href="/wiki/Museau" title="Museau">museau</a>, ou se déconnectent alternativement dans des rainures séparées par les narines. Cependant, les colostéidés ont développé une alternative unique : leurs lignes latérales tombent sous les narines jusqu'à ce qu'elles entrent en contact avec les dents marginales, de sorte que le bord du crâne est responsable de la subdivision des rainures, plutôt que des narines<sup id="cite_ref-BoltLombard10_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoltLombard10-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Les crocs mandibulaires sont plus grands que les crocs palatins, bien que ceux du palais soient encore grands. Les colostéidés sont uniques par rapport à la plupart des stégocéphales dans le fait qu'une paire de crocs palatins sont présents sur les os <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9maxillaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Prémaxillaire">prémaxillaires</a> à l'extrémité du museau. En conjonction avec la position avancée de ces crocs, les os dentaires de la mâchoire inférieure ont développé une encoche de chaque côté près de la symphyse (<a href="/wiki/Menton_(anatomie)" title="Menton (anatomie)">menton</a>). La symphyse elle-même est formée par une zone osseuse rugueuse sur les dents gauche et droite. Cette rugosité est formée par un système complexe de crêtes, qui sont qualifiés de « brassiquées » (texturées comme un <a href="/wiki/Chou-fleur" title="Chou-fleur">chou-fleur</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Uniquement <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megalocephalus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megalocephalus (page inexistante)">Megalocephalus</a></i> est connu pour partager ce point commun avec les colostéidés. Les mandibules sont également uniques dans le fait qu'elles possèdent un seul foramen allongé le long de leur surface interne, connu sous le nom de foramen exomeckelien (ou fenetre meckelienne). Les stégocéphales antérieurs comme <i><a href="/wiki/Ichthyostega" title="Ichthyostega">Ichthyostega</a></i> possèdent une fente subtile dans la mandibule, tandis que la plupart des groupes ultérieurs ont une série de trous plus petits et bien définis<sup id="cite_ref-BoltLombard10_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoltLombard10-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Classification" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Classification"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'analyse ci-dessous est menée par B. Swartz en 2012, montrant la relation des colostéidés avec d'autres <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9trapodomorphes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tétrapodomorphes">tétrapodomorphes</a><sup id="cite_ref-SB12_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SB12-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> : </p> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0; font-size:85%;line-height:85%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><a href="/wiki/Elpistostegalia" title="Elpistostegalia">Elpistostegalia</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Panderichthys" title="Panderichthys">Panderichthys</a></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Panderichthys_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Panderichthys_BW.jpg/70px-Panderichthys_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Panderichthys_BW.jpg/105px-Panderichthys_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Panderichthys_BW.jpg/140px-Panderichthys_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="274" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><a href="/wiki/Stegocephalia" title="Stegocephalia">Stegocephalia</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Tiktaalik" title="Tiktaalik">Tiktaalik</a></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Tiktaalik_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tiktaalik_BW.jpg/70px-Tiktaalik_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tiktaalik_BW.jpg/105px-Tiktaalik_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tiktaalik_BW.jpg/140px-Tiktaalik_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="244" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Elpistostege" title="Elpistostege">Elpistostege</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Elginerpeton" title="Elginerpeton">Elginerpeton</a></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Elginerpeton_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Elginerpeton_BW.jpg/70px-Elginerpeton_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Elginerpeton_BW.jpg/105px-Elginerpeton_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Elginerpeton_BW.jpg/140px-Elginerpeton_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="340" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Ventastega" title="Ventastega">Ventastega</a></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ventastega_life_restoration_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Ventastega_life_restoration_white_background.jpg/60px-Ventastega_life_restoration_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Ventastega_life_restoration_white_background.jpg/90px-Ventastega_life_restoration_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Ventastega_life_restoration_white_background.jpg/120px-Ventastega_life_restoration_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Acanthostega" title="Acanthostega">Acanthostega</a></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Acanthostega_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Acanthostega_BW.jpg/70px-Acanthostega_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Acanthostega_BW.jpg/105px-Acanthostega_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Acanthostega_BW.jpg/140px-Acanthostega_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="302" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Ichthyostega" title="Ichthyostega">Ichthyostega</a></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ichthyostega_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Ichthyostega_BW.jpg/70px-Ichthyostega_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Ichthyostega_BW.jpg/105px-Ichthyostega_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Ichthyostega_BW.jpg/140px-Ichthyostega_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="305" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Whatcheeriidae" title="Whatcheeriidae">Whatcheeriidae</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Pederpes22small.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pederpes22small.jpg/70px-Pederpes22small.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pederpes22small.jpg/105px-Pederpes22small.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pederpes22small.jpg/140px-Pederpes22small.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="325" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><b>Colosteidae</b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Greererpeton_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Greererpeton_BW.jpg/70px-Greererpeton_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Greererpeton_BW.jpg/105px-Greererpeton_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Greererpeton_BW.jpg/140px-Greererpeton_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="322" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Crassigyrinus" title="Crassigyrinus">Crassigyrinus</a></i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Crassigyrinus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Crassigyrinus_BW.jpg/70px-Crassigyrinus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Crassigyrinus_BW.jpg/105px-Crassigyrinus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Crassigyrinus_BW.jpg/140px-Crassigyrinus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="823" data-file-height="383" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <table class="clade" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:1.5em; border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><abbr class="abbr" title="éteint">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Baphetidae" title="Baphetidae">Baphetidae</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Loxomma1DB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Loxomma1DB.jpg/70px-Loxomma1DB.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Loxomma1DB.jpg/105px-Loxomma1DB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Loxomma1DB.jpg/140px-Loxomma1DB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1614" data-file-height="566" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); padding:0 0.2em; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center; position:relative;"><br /> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <p><a href="/wiki/Tetrapoda" title="Tetrapoda">Tetrapoda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Groupe-couronne" title="Groupe-couronne">groupe-couronne</a>) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Seymouria_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Seymouria_BW.jpg/70px-Seymouria_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Seymouria_BW.jpg/105px-Seymouria_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Seymouria_BW.jpg/140px-Seymouria_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="351" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="font-size:85%; padding-left:1.6em; margin:0.3em 0;"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé <span class="plainlinks">« <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae?oldid=1058483183">Colosteidae</a> » <small>(<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae?action=history">voir la liste des auteurs</a>)</small></span>.</div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BoltLombard10-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-BoltLombard10_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BoltLombard10_1-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-BoltLombard10_1-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="BoltEric_Lombard2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="John_R._BoltR._Eric_Lombard2010"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> John R. Bolt et R. Eric Lombard, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en"><i>Deltaherpeton hiemstrae</i>, a New Colosteid Tetrapod from the Mississippian of Iowa</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Journal of Paleontology</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 84, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 6,‎ <time>2010</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">1135–1151</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1666/10-020.1">10.1666/10-020.1</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:83774501">83774501</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261928501">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27%27Deltaherpeton+hiemstrae%27%27%2C+a+New+Colosteid+Tetrapod+from+the+Mississippian+of+Iowa&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Paleontology&rft.issue=6&rft.aulast=Bolt&rft.aufirst=John+R.&rft.au=R.+Eric+Lombard&rft.date=2010&rft.volume=84&rft.pages=1135%E2%80%931151&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1666%2F10-020.1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F261928501&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AColosteidae"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="LombardBolt2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="R._Eric_LombardJohn_R._Bolt2001"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> R. Eric <span class="nom_auteur">Lombard</span> et John R. <span class="nom_auteur">Bolt</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">The mandible of the primitive tetrapod Greererpeton, and the early evolution of the tetrapod lower jaw</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Journal of Paleontology</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 75, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 5,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2001-09" data-sort-value="2001-09">septembre 2001</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">1016–1042</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1937-2337">1937-2337</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022336000039913">10.1017/S0022336000039913</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jstor.org/stable/1307064">1307064</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:232347256">232347256</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+mandible+of+the+primitive+tetrapod+Greererpeton%2C+and+the+early+evolution+of+the+tetrapod+lower+jaw&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Paleontology&rft.issue=5&rft.aulast=Lombard&rft.aufirst=R.+Eric&rft.au=Bolt%2C+John+R.&rft.date=2001-09&rft.volume=75&rft.pages=1016%E2%80%931042&rft.issn=1937-2337&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0022336000039913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AColosteidae"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SB12-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-SB12_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Swartz2012"><span class="ouvrage" id="B._Swartz2012"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> B. <span class="nom_auteur">Swartz</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">A marine stem-tetrapod from the Devonian of Western North America</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">PLOS ONE</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 7, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3,‎ <time>2012</time>, e33683 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22448265">22448265</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMCID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3308997">3308997</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033683">10.1371/journal.pone.0033683</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès libre au document"><img alt="Accès libre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012PLoSO...733683S">2012PLoSO...733683S</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+marine+stem-tetrapod+from+the+Devonian+of+Western+North+America&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=B.&rft.date=2012&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=e33683&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0033683&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22448265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AColosteidae"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Colosteidae?uselang=fr">Colosteidae</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wikispecies"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Colosteidae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Colosteidae">Colosteidae</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikispecies</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stegocephalia" title="Stegocephalia">Stegocephalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whatcheeriidae" title="Whatcheeriidae">Whatcheeriidae</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crassigyrinus" title="Crassigyrinus">Crassigyrinus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrapoda" title="Tetrapoda">Tetrapoda</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colosteidae&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressources relatives au vivant<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143093?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36975"><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Paleobiology Database</i></span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/fr/species/4815781"><span class="lang-fr" lang="fr"><i>Global Biodiversity Information Facility</i></span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=117162"><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera</i></span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Pal%C3%A9ontologie" title="Portail de la paléontologie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Anning_plesiosaur.png/27px-Anning_plesiosaur.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Anning_plesiosaur.png/40px-Anning_plesiosaur.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Anning_plesiosaur.png/53px-Anning_plesiosaur.png 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="692" 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