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salar</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Salmo salar"> <meta name="keywords" content="Salmo salar"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Salmo salar"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 18</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Salmo salar</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> The Collagen and Glycosaminoglycnas Isolated from Salmo Salar Skin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beata%20Kaczmarek-Szczepa%C5%84ska">Beata Kaczmarek-Szczepańska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidia%20Zasada"> Lidia Zasada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Marine collagens such as fish skin, bone, cartilage, and scales, including both marine vertebrates and invertebrates sources, are more bioavailable compared to bovine or porcine collagen and have a higher absorption capability and more rapid bloodstream circulation due to their low molecular weight and small particle size. Fish skin may be used as a source of bioactive compounds. The advantage is that fish skin is a by-product of the food industry. The subject of the study is a lyophilizate consisting of a mixture of compounds from the group of glycosaminoglycans and collagen obtained as a result of processing fish skins. Bioactive compounds may find biomedical use in the production of dressing materials for wounds or in tissue engineering for the production of scaffolds for cells. Collagen and glycosaminoglycans were isolated from Salmo salar skin. The final mixture was obtained by the freeze-drying method. In the obtained lyophilizate, the content of amino acids was studied as well as the presence of polysaccharides. The studies showed the presence of glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline, which are the main amino acids of collagen. The HPLC analysis showed the presence of glucose which is a product of polysaccharides hydrolyzation and then reduction of glucuronic acid. It may be assumed that the lyophilizate contains both collagen and polysaccharide, which is probably hyaluronic acid. Acknowledgment: This work was carried out as a result of research project no. TANGO-V-A/0020/2021 financed by the National Centre for Research and Development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collagen" title="collagen">collagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycosaminoglycans" title=" glycosaminoglycans"> glycosaminoglycans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20compounds" title=" bioactive compounds"> bioactive compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20skin" title=" fish skin"> fish skin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153105/the-collagen-and-glycosaminoglycnas-isolated-from-salmo-salar-skin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> The Impact of COVID-19 Waste on Aquatic Organisms: Nano/microplastics and Molnupiravir in Salmo trutta Embryos and Lervae</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%BDivil%C4%97%20Jurgel%C4%97n%C4%97">Živilė Jurgelėnė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitalijus%20Karabanovas"> Vitalijus Karabanovas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Augustas%20Morkv%C4%97nas"> Augustas Morkvėnas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Dzingelevi%C4%8Dien%C4%97"> Reda Dzingelevičienė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nerijus%20Dzingelevi%C4%8Dius"> Nerijus Dzingelevičius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saulius%20Raugel%C4%97"> Saulius Raugelė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boguslaw%20Buszewski"> Boguslaw Buszewski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The short- and long-term effects of COVID-19 antiviral drug molnupiravir and micro/nanoplastics on the early development of Salmo trutta were investigated using accumulation and exposure studies. Salmo trutta were used as standardized test organisms in toxicity studies of COVID-19 waste contaminants. The 2D/3D imaging was performed using confocal fluorescence spectral imaging microscopy to assess the uptake, bioaccumulation, and distribution of molnupiravir and micro/nanoplastics complex in live fish. Our study results demonstrated that molnupiravir may interact with a micro/nanoplastics and modify their spectroscopic parameters and toxicity to S. trutta embryos and larvae. The 0.2 µm size microplastics at a concentration of 10 mg/L were found to be stable in aqueous media than 0.02 µm, and 2 µm sizes polymeric particles. This study demonstrated that polymeric particles can adsorb molnupiravir that are present in mixtures and modify the accumulation of molnupiravir in Salmo trutta embryos and larvae. In addition, 2D/3D confocal fluorescence imaging showed that the single polymeric particle hardly accumulates and couldn't penetrate outer tissues of the tested organism. However, co-exposure micro/nanoplastics and molnupiravir could significantly enhance the polymeric particles capability of accumulating on surface tissues and penetrating surface tissue of fish in early development. Exposure to molnupiravir at 2 g/L concentration and co-exposure to micro/nanoplastics and molnupiravir did not bring about survival changes in in the early stages of Salmo trutta development, but we observed the reduction in heart rate and decrease in gill ventilation. The statistical analysis confirmed that micro/nanoplastics used in combination with molnupiravir enhance the toxicity of the latter micro/nanoplastics to embryos and larvae. This research has received funding from the European Regional Development Fund (project No 13.1.1-LMT-K-718-05-0014) under a grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT), and it was funded as part of the European Union’s measure in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title="fish">fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%2Fnanoplastics" title=" micro/nanoplastics"> micro/nanoplastics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molnupiravir" title=" molnupiravir"> molnupiravir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164051/the-impact-of-covid-19-waste-on-aquatic-organisms-nanomicroplastics-and-molnupiravir-in-salmo-trutta-embryos-and-lervae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Kinetic Study of the Esterification of Unsaturated Fatty Acids from Salmon Oil (Salmosalar L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Luis%20Lima%20de%20Oliveira">André Luis Lima de Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vera%20L%C3%BAcia%20Viana%20do%20Nascimento"> Vera Lúcia Viana do Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vict%C3%B3ria%20Maura%20Silva%20Bermudez">Victória Maura Silva Bermudez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mauricio%20Nunes%20Kleinberg"> Mauricio Nunes Kleinberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jo%C3%A3o%20Carlos%20da%20Costa%20Assun%C3%A7%C3%A3o"> João Carlos da Costa Assunção</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Osvaldo%20Beserra%20Carioca"> José Osvaldo Beserra Carioca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to synthesize a triglyceride with high content of unsaturated fatty acids from salmon oil (Salmo salar L.) by esterification with glycerol catalyzed dealuminized zeolite. A kinetic study was conducted to determine the reaction order and the activation energy. A statistical study was conducted to determine optimal reaction conditions. Initially, the crude oil was refined salmon physically and chemically. The crude oil was hydrolyzed and unsaturated free fatty acids were separated by urea complexation method. An experimental project to verify the parameters (temperature, glycerin and catalyst) with the greatest impact on the reaction was developed. In experiments aliquots were taken at predetermined times to measure the amount of free fatty acids. Pareto, surface, contour and hub graphs were used to determine the factors that maximized the reaction. According to the graphs the best reaction conditions were: temperature 80 ° C, the proportion glycerine/oil 5: 1 and 1% of catalyst. The kinetic data showed that the system was compatible with a second-order reaction. After analyzing the rate constant versus temperature charts a value of 85.31 kJ/mol was obtained for the reaction activation energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esterification" title="esterification">esterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinect" title=" kinect"> kinect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil" title=" oil"> oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salmon" title=" salmon"> salmon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21393/kinetic-study-of-the-esterification-of-unsaturated-fatty-acids-from-salmon-oil-salmosalar-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Different Feedings on Chemical Characteristics of Atlantic Salmon Fillet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Jalili">Mahsa Jalili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trude%20Johansen"> Trude Johansen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Signe%20Dille%20Lovmo"> Signe Dille Lovmo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turid%20Rustad"> Turid Rustad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rolf%20Erik%20Olsen"> Rolf Erik Olsen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atle%20M.%20Bones"> Atle M. Bones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quality of fish muscle is a key factor in fish industry, and dietary ingredients can influence fish quality. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of krill meal, soybean meal, Bactocell® and butyrate fortified feeds and control diet on characteristics of salmon fillet. Thirty Atlantic salmon (6 per each group) were farmed for 12 weeks. All the fish were killed and frozen immediately. The white muscle from top posterior part of dorsal fin was dissected to analyze fat content, carotenoid content, content of water-soluble and salt-soluble proteins, cathepsin B and cathepsin B-L activities. ANOVA test was used to analyze mean and standard error of mean values at 0.05 significance level. There were significant difference in cathepsin B activity, water-soluble proteins and salt-soluble proteins (p-value= 0.005, 0.009 and 0.002). The mean values of other factors were not significantly different among the groups. Cathepsin B activity was higher in soymeal group. Water-soluble proteins were reported higher in soy meal and krill groups and salt-soluble proteins were significantly higher in soy meal and butyrate rich diets. Although soy meal has proven effect on enteritis, it results in higher percentage of protein in fillets. On the other hand, this feeding may have role in textural deterioration of fillets owing to higher values of endogenous cathepsin B in soymeal group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquaculture" title="aquaculture">aquaculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20quality" title=" food quality"> food quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krill%20protein%20extract" title=" Krill protein extract"> Krill protein extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prebiotics" title=" prebiotics"> prebiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmo%20salar" title=" Salmo salar"> Salmo salar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soy" title=" soy"> soy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79109/different-feedings-on-chemical-characteristics-of-atlantic-salmon-fillet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Recovery from Detrimental pH Troughs in a Moorland River Using Monitored Calcium Carbonate Introductions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lauren%20Dawson">Lauren Dawson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sean%20Comber"> Sean Comber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Sandford"> Richard Sandford</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alan%20Tappin"> Alan Tappin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruce%20Stockley"> Bruce Stockley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The West Dart River is underperforming for Salmon (Salmo salar) survival rates due to acidified pH troughs under the European Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC). These troughs have been identified as being caused by historic acid rain pollution which is being held in situ by peat bog presence at site and released during flushing events. Natural recovery has been deemed unlikely by the year 2020 using steady state water chemistry models and therefore a program of monitored calcium carbonate (CaCO3) introductions are being conducted to eliminate these troughs, which can drop to pH 2.93 (salmon survival – pH 5.5). The river should be naturally acidic (pH 5.5-6) due to the granite geology of Dartmoor and therefore the CaCO3 introductions are under new methodology (the encasing of the CaCO3 in permeable sacks) to ensure removal should the water pH rise above neutral levels. The water chemistry and ecology are undergoing comprehensive monitoring, including pH and turbidity levels, dissolved organic carbon and aluminum concentration and speciation, while the aquatic biota is being used to assess the potential water chemistry changes. While this project is ongoing, results from the preliminary field trial show only a temporary, localized increase in pH following CaCO3 introductions into the water column. However, changes to the water chemistry have only been identified in the West Dart after methodology adjustments to account for flow rates and spate-dissolution, though no long-term changes have so far been found in the ecology of the river. However, this is not necessarily a negative factor, as the aim of the study is to protect the current ecological communities and the natural pH of the river while remediating only the detrimental pH troughs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropogenic%20acidification%20recovery" title="anthropogenic acidification recovery">anthropogenic acidification recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20carbonate%20introductions" title=" calcium carbonate introductions"> calcium carbonate introductions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecology%20monitoring" title=" ecology monitoring"> ecology monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20chemistry%20monitoring" title=" water chemistry monitoring"> water chemistry monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89291/recovery-from-detrimental-ph-troughs-in-a-moorland-river-using-monitored-calcium-carbonate-introductions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Effects of Vitamin E and Vitamin on Growth, Survival and Some Haematological and Immunological Parameters of Caspian Brown Trout, Salmo trutta caspius Juveniles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Khara">Hossein Khara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Sayyadborani"> Mahmoud Sayyadborani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Sayyadborani"> Mohammad Sayyadborani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, we examined the effects of different dietary levels of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and their combinations on growth, survival and some haematological and immunological parameters of Caspian brown trout, Salmo trutta caspius juveniles. 15 experimental treatments and one control group with three replicates were considered for experiment. The experimental treatments were fish fed by experimental diets containing different levels of Vit C and E as follow: T1: Vit E (20 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (100 mg.kg diet -1), T2: Vit E (30 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (100 mg.kg diet -1), T3: Vit E (40 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (100 mg.kg diet -1), T4: Vit E (20 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (200 mg.kg diet -1), T5: Vit E (30 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (200 mg.kg diet -1), T6: Vit E (40 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (200 mg.kg diet -1), T7: Vit E (20 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (300 mg.kg diet -1), T8: Vit E (30 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (300 mg.kg diet -1), T9: Vit E (40 mg.kg diet -1) + Vit C (300 mg.kg diet -1), T10: Vit C (100 mg.kg diet -1), T11: Vit C (200 mg.kg diet -1), T12: Vit C (300 mg.kg diet -1), T13: Vit E (20 mg.kg diet -1), T14: Vit E (30 mg.kg diet -1) T15: Vit E (40 mg.kg diet -1). Also a non-vitamin supplemented was considered as control group. Growth parameters were measured monthly and serum parameters assayed at the end of the experiment. According to our results, Vit C and E improved survival and growth parameters including specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain percent (WG%) and biomass. The highest values of these parameters obtained in T8, T9 and T8 respectively. The lowest FCR obtained in T8. The haematological parameters including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), haematocrit (Hct) and haemoglobin (Hb) were higher in vitamin treated groups than control group with highest values in T8. In T13, WBC values were higher compared to other experimental groups. The immunological parameters including lysozyme activity, Immunoglobulin (IgM) and total immunoglobulin (TIg) were significantly higher in vitamin supplemented groups than in control group. In this regard the highest values of these parameters were found in T12. The lowest values of TIg and lysozyme activity were observed in control group and fish fed by only vitamin E i.e. T13, T14 and T15. In conclusion, our results show that Vit C and E in combination or only can improve growth, survival, haematological and immunological indices of Caspian brown trout. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamins%20E" title="vitamins E">vitamins E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamins%20C" title=" vitamins C"> vitamins C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival" title=" survival"> survival</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=haematological%20parameters" title=" haematological parameters"> haematological parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunological%20parameters" title=" immunological parameters"> immunological parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37646/effects-of-vitamin-e-and-vitamin-on-growth-survival-and-some-haematological-and-immunological-parameters-of-caspian-brown-trout-salmo-trutta-caspius-juveniles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Transcriptomic and Translational Regulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors after Different Feedings in Salmon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Jalili">Mahsa Jalili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Essa%20Ehsan%20Khan"> Essa Ehsan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Signe%20Dille%20Lovmo"> Signe Dille Lovmo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Augustine%20Akruwe"> Augustine Akruwe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egil%20Lien"> Egil Lien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rolf%20Erik%20Olsen"> Rolf Erik Olsen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trygve%20Sigholt"> Trygve Sigholt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atle%20Magnus%20Bones"> Atle Magnus Bones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data from the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries reported that >1.2 million tons of Atlantic salmon were produced in Norway aquaculture industry in 2016. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are one of the key transcription factor families that respond to nutritional ligands. Recent studies have shown the connection between PPARs with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in aquaculture. To our knowledge, there is no published data about the effects of krill meal, soybean meal, Bactocell ® and butyrate feedings compared to control group on PPARs gene and protein expressions in Atlantic salmon. Fish, 1year +postsmolt, average weight 250 gram were cultured for 12 weeks after acclimatization by control commercial feeding in 2 weeks after hatchery. Water oxygen rate, salinity, and temperature were monitored every second day. At the end of the trial, fish were taken from tanks randomly, and four replicates per group were collected and stored in -80 freezers until analysis. Total RNA extracted from posterior part of dorsal fin muscle tissues and Nanodrop and Bioanalyzer was used to check the quality of RNA. Gene expression of PPAR α, β and γ were determined by RT-PCR. The expression of genes of interest was measured relative to control group after normalization to three reference genes. Total protein concentration was calculated by Bradford method, and protein expression was determined with primary PPARγ antibody by western blot. All data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Benjamini-Hochberg and Bonferroni tests. Probability values <0.05 considered significant. Bactocell® and butyrate groups showed significantly lower PPARα expression. PPARβ and γ were not significantly different among groups. PPARγ mRNA expression was approximately consistent with protein expression pattern, except than butyrate group showed lower mRNA level. The order of PPARγ expression was Bactocell® > soy meal > butyrate > krill meal > control respectively. PPARβ gene expression decreased more in soy meal > butyrate > krill meal > Bactocell® > control groups respectively. In conclusion, the increased expression of PPARγ and α is proposed to represent a reduction tendency of lipid storage in fish fed by Bactocell®, butyrate, soy and krill meal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquaculture" title="aquaculture">aquaculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blotting%20western" title=" blotting western"> blotting western</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression" title=" gene expression"> gene expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=krill%20protein%20extract" title=" krill protein extract"> krill protein extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prebiotics" title=" prebiotics"> prebiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmo%20salar" title=" Salmo salar"> Salmo salar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79615/transcriptomic-and-translational-regulation-of-peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptors-after-different-feedings-in-salmon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Advancements in Hydraulic Fracturing for Unconventional Resources</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salar%20Ahmed%20Ali">Salar Ahmed Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydraulic fracturing has revolutionized the extraction of unconventional oil and gas resources, significantly increasing global energy reserves. This paper explores recent advancements in hydraulic fracturing technologies, focusing on the integration of real-time monitoring systems, environmentally friendly fracturing fluids, and nanotechnology applications. Case studies demonstrate how innovative approaches have enhanced resource recovery while minimizing environmental impact and operational costs. Additionally, the paper addresses challenges such as induced seismicity and regulatory constraints, proposing solutions to ensure sustainable development. These advancements promise to make hydraulic fracturing more efficient, sustainable, and adaptable to the evolving energy landscape. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil" title="oil">oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas" title=" gas"> gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic" title=" hydraulic"> hydraulic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194790/advancements-in-hydraulic-fracturing-for-unconventional-resources" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">8</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Hui as Religious over Ethnic Identity: A Case Study of Muslim Ethnic Interaction in Central Northwest China </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hugh%20Battye">Hugh Battye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, Muslim identity in China has strengthened against the backdrop of a worldwide Islamic revival. One discussion arising from this has been focused around the Hui, an ethnicity created by the Communist government in the 1950s covering the Chinese speaking 'Sino-Muslims' as opposed to those with their own language. While the term Hui in Chinese has traditionally meant 'Muslim', the strengthening of Hui identity in recent decades has led to a debate among scholars as to whether this identity is primarily ethnically or religiously driven. This article looks at the case of a mixed ethnic community in rural Gansu Province, Central Northwest China, which not only contains the official Hui ethnicity but also members of the smaller Muslim Salar and Bonan minority groups. In analyzing the close interaction between these groups, the paper will argue that, despite government attempts to promote the Hui as an ethnicity within its modern ethnic paradigm, in rural Gansu and the general region, Hui is still essentially seen as a religious identity. Having provided an overview of the historical evolution of the Hui ethnonym in China and presented the views of some of the important scholars involved in the discussion, the paper will then offer its findings based on participant observation and survey work in Gansu. The results will show that, firstly, for the local Muslims, religious identity clearly dominates ethnic identity. On the ground, the term Hui continues to be used as a catch-all term for Muslims, whether they belong to the official 'Hui' nationality or not, and against this backdrop, the ethnic importance of being 'Hui', 'Bonan' or 'Salar' within the Muslim community itself is by contrast minimal. Secondly, however, this local Muslim solidarity is not at present pointing towards some kind of national pan-ethnic Islamic movement that could potentially set itself up in opposition to the Chinese government; rather it is better seen as part of an ongoing negotiation by local Muslims with the state in the context of its ascribed ethnic categories. The findings of this study in a region where many of the Muslims are more conservative in their beliefs is not necessarily replicated in other contexts, such as in urban areas and in eastern and southern China, and hence reification of the term Hui as one idea extending all across China should be avoided, whether in terms of a united religious 'ummah' or of a real or imagined 'ethnic group.' Rather, this localized case study seeks to demonstrate ways in which Muslims of rural Central Northwest China are 'being Hui,' as a contribution to the broader discussion on what it means to be Muslim and Chinese in the reform era. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnicity" title=" ethnicity"> ethnicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui" title=" Hui"> Hui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muslims" title=" Muslims"> Muslims</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104333/hui-as-religious-over-ethnic-identity-a-case-study-of-muslim-ethnic-interaction-in-central-northwest-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Glucose Measurement in Response to Environmental and Physiological Challenges: Towards a Non-Invasive Approach to Study Stress in Fishes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomas%20Makaras">Tomas Makaras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julija%20Razumien%C4%97"> Julija Razumienė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidut%C4%97%20Gurevi%C4%8Dien%C4%97"> Vidutė Gurevičienė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gintar%C4%97%20Sauliut%C4%97"> Gintarė Sauliutė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milda%20Stankevi%C4%8Di%C5%ABt%C4%97"> Milda Stankevičiūtė</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stress responses represent animal’s natural reactions to various challenging conditions and could be used as a welfare indicator. Regardless of the wide use of glucose measurements in stress evaluation, there are some inconsistencies in its acceptance as a stress marker, especially when it comes to comparison with non-invasive cortisol measurements in the fish challenging stress. To meet the challenge and to test the reliability and applicability of glucose measurement in practice, in this study, different environmental/anthropogenic exposure scenarios were simulated to provoke chemical-induced stress in fish (14-days exposure to landfill leachate) followed by a 14-days stress recovery period and under the cumulative effect of leachate fish subsequently exposed to pathogenic oomycetes (Saprolegnia parasitica) to represent a possible infection in fish. It is endemic to all freshwater habitats worldwide and is partly responsible for the decline of natural freshwater fish populations. Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) and sea trout (Salmo trutta trutta) juveniles were chosen because of a large amount of literature on physiological stress responses in these species was known. Glucose content in fish by applying invasive and non-invasive glucose measurement procedures in different test mediums such as fish blood, gill tissues and fish-holding water were analysed. The results indicated that the quantity of glucose released in the holding water of stressed fish increased considerably (approx. 3.5- to 8-fold) and remained substantially higher (approx. 2- to 4-fold) throughout the stress recovery period than the control level suggesting that fish did not recover from chemical-induced stress. The circulating levels of glucose in blood and gills decreased over time in fish exposed to different stressors. However, the gill glucose level in fish showed a decrease similar to the control levels measured at the same time points, which was found to be insignificant. The data analysis showed that concentrations of β-D glucose measured in gills of fish treated with S. parasitica differed significantly from the control recovery, but did not differ from the leachate recovery group showing that S. parasitica presence in water had no additive effects. In contrast, a positive correlation between blood and gills glucose were determined. Parallel trends in blood and water glucose changes suggest that water glucose measurement has much potency in predicting stress. This study demonstrated that measuring β-D-glucose in fish-holding water is not stressful as it involves no handling and manipulation of an organism and has critical technical advantages concerning current (invasive) methods, mainly using blood samples or specific tissues. The quantification of glucose could be essential for studies examining the stress physiology/aquaculture studies interested in the assessment or long-term monitoring of fish health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brown%20trout" title="brown trout">brown trout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfill%20leachate" title=" landfill leachate"> landfill leachate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20trout" title=" sea trout"> sea trout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathogenic%20oomycetes" title=" pathogenic oomycetes"> pathogenic oomycetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-D-glucose" title=" β-D-glucose"> β-D-glucose</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142040/glucose-measurement-in-response-to-environmental-and-physiological-challenges-towards-a-non-invasive-approach-to-study-stress-in-fishes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Salmon Diseases Connectivity between Fish Farm Management Areas in Chile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20Reche">Pablo Reche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since 1980’s aquaculture has become the biggest economic activity in southern Chile, being Salmo salar and Oncorhynchus mykiss the main finfish species. High fish density makes both species prone to contract diseases, what drives the industry to big losses, affecting greatly the local economy. Three are the most concerning infective agents, the infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAv), the bacteria Piscirickettsia salmonis and the copepod Caligus rogercresseyi. To regulate the industry the government arranged the salmon farms within management areas named as barrios, which coordinate the fallowing periods and antibiotics treatments of their salmon farms. In turn, barrios are gathered into larger management areas, named as macrozonas whose purpose is to minimize the risk of disease transmission between them and to enclose the outbreaks within their boundaries. However, disease outbreaks still happen and transmission to neighbor sites enlarges the initial event. Salmon disease agents are mostly transported passively by local currents. Thus, to understand how transmission occurs it must be firstly studied the physical environment. In Chile, salmon farming takes place in the inner seas of the southernmost regions of western Patagonia, between 41.5ºS-55ºS. This coastal marine system is characterised by western winds, latitudinally modulated by the position of the South-Eats Pacific high-pressure centre, high precipitation rates and freshwater inflows from the numerous glaciers (including the largest ice cap out of Antarctic and Greenland). All of these forcings meet in a complex bathymetry and coastline system - deep fjords, shallow sills, narrow straits, channels, archipelagos, inlets, and isolated inner seas- driving an estuarine circulation (fast outflows westwards on surface and slow deeper inflows eastwards). Such a complex system is modelled on the numerical model MIKE3, upon whose 3D current fields particle-track-biological models (one for each infective agent) are decoupled. Each agent biology is parameterized by functions for maturation and mortality (reproduction not included). Such parameterizations are depending upon environmental factors, like temperature and salinity, so their lifespan will depend upon the environmental conditions those virtual agents encounter on their way while passively transported. CLIC (Connectivity-Langrangian–IFOP-Chile) is a service platform that supports the graphical visualization of the connectivity matrices calculated from the particle trajectories files resultant of the particle-track-biological models. On CLIC users can select, from a high-resolution grid (~1km), the areas the connectivity will be calculated between them. These areas can be barrios and macrozonas. Users also can select what nodes of these areas are allowed to release and scatter particles from, depth and frequency of the initial particle release, climatic scenario (winter/summer) and type of particle (ISAv, Piscirickettsia salmonis, Caligus rogercresseyi plus an option for lifeless particles). Results include probabilities downstream (where the particles go) and upstream (where the particles come from), particle age and vertical distribution, all of them aiming to understand how currently connectivity works to eventually propose a minimum risk zonation for aquaculture purpose. Preliminary results in Chiloe inner sea shows that the risk depends not only upon dynamic conditions but upon barrios location with respect to their neighbors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquaculture%20zonation" title="aquaculture zonation">aquaculture zonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caligus%20rogercresseyi" title=" Caligus rogercresseyi"> Caligus rogercresseyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chilean%20Patagonia" title=" Chilean Patagonia"> Chilean Patagonia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20oceanography" title=" coastal oceanography"> coastal oceanography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connectivity" title=" connectivity"> connectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infectious%20salmon%20anemia%20virus" title=" infectious salmon anemia virus"> infectious salmon anemia virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piscirickettsia%20salmonis" title=" Piscirickettsia salmonis"> Piscirickettsia salmonis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101425/salmon-diseases-connectivity-between-fish-farm-management-areas-in-chile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Use of Improved Genetic Algorithm in Cloud Computing to Reduce Energy Consumption in Migration of Virtual Machines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marziyeh%20Bahrami">Marziyeh Bahrami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Pahlevan%20Hsseini"> Hamed Pahlevan Hsseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnam%20Ghamami"> Behnam Ghamami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arman%20Alvanpour"> Arman Alvanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Ezzati"> Hamed Ezzati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Salar%20Sadeghi"> Amir Salar Sadeghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the ways to increase the efficiency of services in the system of agents and, of course, in the world of cloud computing, is to use virtualization techniques. The aim of this research is to create changes in cloud computing services that will reduce as much as possible the energy consumption related to the migration of virtual machines and, in some way, the energy related to the allocation of resources and reduce the amount of pollution. So far, several methods have been proposed to increase the efficiency of cloud computing services in order to save energy in the cloud environment. The method presented in this article tries to prevent energy consumption by data centers and the subsequent production of carbon and biological pollutants as much as possible by increasing the efficiency of cloud computing services. The results show that the proposed algorithm, using the improvement in virtualization techniques and with the help of a genetic algorithm, improves the efficiency of cloud services in the matter of migrating virtual machines and finally saves consumption. becomes energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption%20reduction" title="consumption reduction">consumption reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title=" cloud computing"> cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=live%20migration" title=" live migration"> live migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20Machine" title=" virtual Machine"> virtual Machine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185270/use-of-improved-genetic-algorithm-in-cloud-computing-to-reduce-energy-consumption-in-migration-of-virtual-machines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Evolution of Economic Urban Spaces: Barcelona's Trafalgar Garment District, 1940-2017</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20Vicente%20Salar">Rafael Vicente Salar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities are steadily transforming their productive systems based on value-adding strategies, with the aim of becoming more competitive in a globalized economy. This fact is reflected in inner urban spaces which are increasingly accommodating new economic activities related to knowledge, culture, creativity, and tourism, to the detriment of traditional activities. This is the case of the Trafalgar Garment District (TGD), located in Barcelona´s Eixample Dret neighborhood, an economic urban space historically devoted to the garment wholesale trade. This district is currently experiencing the transformation of its traditional economic specialization. In the last 50 years, external and internal factors have caused, firstly, the disintegration of the Catalonian garment regional cluster. This has resulted in the closure of the majority of metropolitan garment workshops. Secondly, this has also caused either the disappearance of wholesale firms or their relocation to more suitable spaces in the metropolitan area. Specifically, the TGD's economic restructuration is related to the attraction of firms related to the lodging industry and the new economy. In addition, some of the wholesale businesses are adopting new management strategies in order to remain in the TGD. These initiatives are thought to allow them, on one hand, to upgrade their products and, on the other, to reconfigure their internal organization in order to be more competitive. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garment%20district" title=" garment district"> garment district</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20economy" title=" new economy"> new economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garmen%20wholesale%20trade" title=" garmen wholesale trade"> garmen wholesale trade</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58447/evolution-of-economic-urban-spaces-barcelonas-trafalgar-garment-district-1940-2017" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58447.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Heavy Metal Contamination of Mining-Impacted Mangrove Sediments and Its Correlation with Vegetation and Sediment Attributes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jumel%20Christian%20P.%20Nicha">Jumel Christian P. Nicha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Severino%20G.%20Salmo%20III"> Severino G. Salmo III</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the concentration of heavy metals (HM) in mangrove sediments of Lake Uacon, Zambales, Philippines. The relationship among the studied HM (Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Cd, Fe) and the mangrove vegetation and sediment characteristics were assessed. Fourteen sampling plots were designated across the lake (10 vegetated and 4 un-vegetated) based on distance from the mining effluents. In each plot, three sediment cores were collected at 20 cm depth. Among the dominant mangrove species recorded were (in order of dominance): Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora stylosa, Avicennia marina, Excoecaria agallocha and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. Sediment samples were digested with aqua regia, and the HM concentrations were quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Results showed that HM concentrations were higher in the vegetated plots as compared to the un-vegetated sites. Vegetated sites had high Ni (mean: 881.71 mg/kg) and Cr (mean: 776.36 mg/kg) that exceeded the threshold values (cf. by the United States Environmental Protection Agency; USEPA). Fe, Pb, Cu and Cd had a mean concentration of 2597.92 mg/kg, 40.94 mg/kg, 36.81 mg/kg and 2.22 mg/kg respectively. Vegetation variables were not significantly correlated with HM concentration. However, the HM concentration was significantly correlated with sediment variables particularly pH, redox, particle size, nitrogen, phosphorus, moisture and organic matter contents. The Pollution Load Index (PLI) indicated moderate to high pollution in the lake. Risk assessment and management should be designed in order to mitigate the ecological risk posed by HM. The need of a regular monitoring scheme for lake and mangrove rehabilitation programs and management should be designed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title="heavy metals">heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mangrove%20vegetation" title=" mangrove vegetation"> mangrove vegetation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mining" title=" mining"> mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippines" title=" Philippines"> Philippines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment" title=" sediment"> sediment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81039/heavy-metal-contamination-of-mining-impacted-mangrove-sediments-and-its-correlation-with-vegetation-and-sediment-attributes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> The Influence of Plyometric Exercises on Biomechanical Factor Front Crawl and Back Crawl Speed in Elite Swimmers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gheimati%20Salar">Gheimati Salar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of conducting this research was to study the influence of plyometric exercises on the biomechanical selected factor of elite teen swimmers and compare the influence of plyometric exercises on the speed of front crawl and back crawl in empirical and control groups of teens. In order to conduct these study 30 swimmers with minimum of 3 years' experience who were 11 or 12 were randomly chosen and divided into 2 groups of 15. The first group was empirical and the second was control group. The speed of the swimmer was analyzed after 25 meters of swimming and their speed were recorded in the last. The researcher was standing stable at the beginning and then started the chronometer and stopped it at the end of the swimming. He repeated the record taking two times and then the average was taken. Before conducting plyometric exercises, a speed test was taken from both groups in both types of swimming. The duration of plyometric exercises was 8 weeks, every week 3 sessions and 24 sessions in total. The exercises in this study were focused on 3 parts of the body. Upper limb part, the lower part of the body and trunk area. Upper limb exercises consisted of four parts. The lower limb exercises consisted of 5 parts, and the trunk exercises consisted of four sections. A Medicine ball, cone and different weights were used in these exercises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plyometric" title="plyometric">plyometric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercises" title=" exercises"> exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=front%20crawl%20and%20back%20crawl" title=" front crawl and back crawl"> front crawl and back crawl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speed" title=" speed"> speed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156298/the-influence-of-plyometric-exercises-on-biomechanical-factor-front-crawl-and-back-crawl-speed-in-elite-swimmers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Impacts of Opium Addiction on Patterns of Angiographic Findings in Patients with Coronary Artery Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Abdiardekani">Alireza Abdiardekani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Salimi"> Maryam Salimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shirin%20Sarejloo"> Shirin Sarejloo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Bazrafshan"> Mehdi Bazrafshan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Askarinejad"> Amir Askarinejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirhossein%20Salimi"> Amirhossein Salimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Bazrafshan"> Hanieh Bazrafshan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salar%20Javanshir"> Salar Javanshir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armin%20Attar"> Armin Attar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shokoufeh%20Khanzadeh"> Shokoufeh Khanzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Esmaeili"> Mohsen Esmaeili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Bazrafshan%20Drissi"> Hamed Bazrafshan Drissi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Opium, after tobacco, is the most abused substance in the Middle East. The effects of opium use on coronary artery disease are indeed unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between opium use and angiographic findings in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnosis at Al-Zahra Heart Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In this case-control study, 170 patients admitted for coronary angiography were enrolled from 2019 to 2020. They were categorized into two groups based on their history: "non-opium" and "opium." SPSS (Version 26) was used to investigate the correlation between opioid addiction and the severity of coronary artery disease. Results: The results of our study reveal that the mean age of the participants was 61.63±9.07. This study indicated that 49 (28.82%) patients were female, and 121 (71.17%) were male. Our findings revealed that three-vessel disease was more frequent in non-opium (40; 47.05%) and opium (45; 52.94%) groups. There was a significant correlation between the severity of the second diagonal artery(D2) and right coronary artery(RCA) involvement and opium consumption. There was a strong positive correlation between the location of the vascular lesion in the left circumflex artery and opium consumption. Conclusion: Opium, as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, can have specific effects on angiographic findings in patients with coronary artery disease. Public health officials and politicians should arrange several programs to increase the general population’s consciousness about opioid use and its consequences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20coronary%20syndrome" title="acute coronary syndrome">acute coronary syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opium" title=" opium"> opium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coronary%20artery%20disease" title=" coronary artery disease"> coronary artery disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiography" title=" angiography"> angiography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154519/impacts-of-opium-addiction-on-patterns-of-angiographic-findings-in-patients-with-coronary-artery-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Mapping the Core Processes and Identifying Actors along with Their Roles, Functions and Linkages in Trout Value Chain in Kashmir, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stanzin%20Gawa">Stanzin Gawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nalini%20Ranjan%20Kumar"> Nalini Ranjan Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gohar%20Bilal%20Wani"> Gohar Bilal Wani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinay%20Maruti%20Hatte"> Vinay Maruti Hatte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Vinay"> A. Vinay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) and Brown trout (<em>Salmo trutta fario</em>) are the two species of trout which were once introduced by British in waters of Kashmir has well adapted to favorable climatic conditions. Cold water fisheries are one of the emerging sectors in Kashmir valley and trout holds an important place Jammu and Kashmir fisheries. Realizing the immense potential of trout culture in Kashmir region, the state fisheries department started privatizing trout culture under the centrally funded scheme of RKVY in which they provide 80 percent subsidy for raceway construction and supply of feed and seed for the first year since 2009-10 and at present there are 362 private trout farms. To cater the growing demand for trout in the valley, it is important to understand the bottlenecks faced in the propagation of trout culture. Value chain analysis provides a generic framework to understand the various activities and processes, mapping and studying linkages is first step that needs to be done in any value chain analysis. In Kashmir, it is found that trout hatcheries play a crucial role in insuring the continuous supply of trout seed in valley. Feed is most limiting factor in trout culture and the farmer has to incur high cost in payment and in the transportation of feed from the feed mill to farm. Lack of aqua clinic in the Kashmir valley needs to be addressed. Brood stock maintenance, breeding and seed production, technical assistance to private farmer, extension services have to be strengthened and there is need to development healthier environment for new entrepreneurs. It was found that trout farmers do not avail credit facility as there is no well define credit scheme for fisheries in the state. The study showed weak institutional linkages. Research and development should focus more on applied science rather than basic science. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trout" title="trout">trout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashmir" title=" Kashmir"> Kashmir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20chain" title=" value chain"> value chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linkages" title=" linkages"> linkages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50828/mapping-the-core-processes-and-identifying-actors-along-with-their-roles-functions-and-linkages-in-trout-value-chain-in-kashmir-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Remote Observation of Environmental Parameters on the Surface of the Maricunga Salt Flat, Atacama Region, Chile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lican%20Guzm%C3%A1n">Lican Guzmán</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Manuel%20Lattus"> José Manuel Lattus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20Cervetto"> Mariana Cervetto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mauricio%20Calder%C3%B3n"> Mauricio Calderón</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today the estimation of effects produced by climate change in high Andean wetland environments is confronted by big challenges. This study provides a way to an analysis by remote sensing how some Ambiental aspects have evolved on the Maricunga salt flat in the last 30 years, divided into the summer and winter seasons, and if global warming is conditioning these changes. The first step to achieve this goal was the recompilation of geological, hydrological, and morphometric antecedents to ensure an adequate contextualization of its environmental parameters. After this, software processing and analysis of Landsat 5,7 and 8 satellite imagery was required to get the vegetation, water, surface temperature, and soil moisture indexes (NDVI, NDWI, LST, and SMI) in order to see how their spatial-temporal conditions have evolved in the area of study during recent decades. Results show a tendency of regular increase in surface temperature and disponibility of water during both seasons but with slight drought periods during summer. Soil moisture factor behaves as a constant during the dry season and with a tendency to increase during wintertime. Vegetation analysis shows an areal and quality increase of its surface sustained through time that is consistent with the increase of water supply and temperature in the basin mentioned before. Roughly, the effects of climate change can be described as positive for the Maricunga salt flat; however, the lack of exact correlation in dates of the imagery available to remote sensing analysis could be a factor for misleading in the interpretation of results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title="global warming">global warming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geology" title=" geology"> geology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SIG" title=" SIG"> SIG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atacama%20Desert" title=" Atacama Desert"> Atacama Desert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salar%20de%20Maricunga" title=" Salar de Maricunga"> Salar de Maricunga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20geology" title=" environmental geology"> environmental geology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDVI" title=" NDVI"> NDVI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMI" title=" SMI"> SMI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LST" title=" LST"> LST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDWI" title=" NDWI"> NDWI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Landsat" title=" Landsat"> Landsat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150410/remote-observation-of-environmental-parameters-on-the-surface-of-the-maricunga-salt-flat-atacama-region-chile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150410.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" 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