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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ludvig Holberg</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 45 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%BA_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%BA" title="لودفيغ هولبرغ – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لودفيغ هولبرغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AC_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AC" title="لودفيج هولبرج – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لودفيج هولبرج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%82_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82" title="لودویق هولبرق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لودویق هولبرق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Людвіг Хольберг – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Людвіг Хольберг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Лудвиг Холберг – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лудвиг Холберг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="aanbevolen artikel"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B2%CE%B9%CF%87_%CE%A7%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Λούντβιχ Χόλμπεργκ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λούντβιχ Χόλμπεργκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%AF_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="لودویگ هولبرگ – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لودویگ هولبرگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%92" title="לודוויג הולברג – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לודוויג הולברג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A3_%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Լյուդվիգ Հոլբերգ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լյուդվիգ Հոլբերգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BA%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9B%E3%83%AB%E3%83%99%E3%82%A2" title="ルズヴィ・ホルベア – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルズヴィ・ホルベア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%92_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="ლუდვიგ ჰოლბერგი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუდვიგ ჰოლბერგი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EB%93%9C%EB%B9%84_%ED%99%80%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4" title="루드비 홀베르 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루드비 홀베르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovicus_Holbergius" title="Ludovicus Holbergius – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ludovicus Holbergius" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Хольберг, Людвиг – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хольберг, Людвиг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Лудвиг Холберг – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лудвиг Холберг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Людвіг Гольберг – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Людвіг Гольберг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_Holberg" title="Ludvig Holberg – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ludvig Holberg" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E7%B6%AD%C2%B7%E9%83%9D%E7%88%BE%E6%8B%9C" title="路維·郝爾拜 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="路維·郝爾拜" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#FFFACD; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Ludvig Holberg </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:HolbergRoed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ludvig Holberg. Kopie door Jørgen Roed (1847) van een portret geschilderd door Johan Roselius (1752)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/HolbergRoed.jpg/266px-HolbergRoed.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/HolbergRoed.jpg/399px-HolbergRoed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/HolbergRoed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="595" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Ludvig Holberg.<br /><small>Kopie door Jørgen Roed (1847) van een portret geschilderd door Johan Roselius (1752)</small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#FFFACD; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3">Algemene informatie </th></tr> <tr> <th>Geboren </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/3_december" title="3 december">3 december</a> <a href="/wiki/1684" title="1684">1684</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboorteplaats </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bergen_(Noorwegen)" title="Bergen (Noorwegen)">Bergen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Overleden </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/28_januari" title="28 januari">28 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1754" title="1754">1754</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Overlijdensplaats </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kopenhagen" title="Kopenhagen">Kopenhagen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Land </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Noorwegen" title="Noorwegen">Noorwegen</a>-<a href="/wiki/Denemarken" title="Denemarken">Denemarken</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Beroep </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Toneelschrijver" title="Toneelschrijver">toneelschrijver</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#FFFACD; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dbnl.org/auteurs/auteur.php?id=holb004">Dbnl-profiel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0390004/">IMDb-profiel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#FFFACD; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Literatuur" title="Portaal:Literatuur">Literatuur</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table><p><b>Ludvig Holberg</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bergen_(Noorwegen)" title="Bergen (Noorwegen)">Bergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/3_december" title="3 december">3 december</a> <a href="/wiki/1684" title="1684">1684</a> - <a href="/wiki/Kopenhagen" title="Kopenhagen">Kopenhagen</a>, <a href="/wiki/28_januari" title="28 januari">28 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1754" title="1754">1754</a>) was een <a href="/wiki/Noorwegen" title="Noorwegen">Noors</a>-<a href="/wiki/Denemarken" title="Denemarken">Deense</a> <a href="/wiki/Toneelschrijver" title="Toneelschrijver">toneelschrijver</a>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leven_en_werk">Leven en werk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludvig_Holberg&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Leven en werk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludvig_Holberg&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Leven en werk"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Holberg was de jongste van zes broers. Zijn vader stierf toen hij nog geen jaar oud was. Hoewel niemand in zijn familie ooit geschreven had, ontwikkelde Ludvig zich tot de <i>vader van de Deense literatuur</i>. Holberg woonde lange tijd in Kopenhagen en was er docent aan de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Kopenhagen" title="Universiteit van Kopenhagen">universiteit</a>. Dit is ook waar hij zijn beroemde <a href="/wiki/Komedie" title="Komedie">komedies</a> schreef. In het begin lukte het hem niet werk te vinden dat hem werkelijk interesseerde. Hij studeerde <a href="/wiki/Recht" title="Recht">rechten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis" title="Geschiedenis">geschiedenis</a> en <a href="/wiki/Taalkunde" title="Taalkunde">taalkunde</a>. Later doceerde hij uiteenlopende vakken zoals <a href="/wiki/Metafysica" title="Metafysica">metafysica</a>, Latijn en geschiedenis. </p><p>Holberg was een bereisd man. In zijn jonge jaren bezocht hij <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">Nederland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrijk" title="Frankrijk">Frankrijk</a> en <a href="/wiki/Rome_(stad)" title="Rome (stad)">Rome</a> en leerde zo veel verschillende mensen en culturen kennen. Hij studeerde een tijd aan de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Oxford" title="Universiteit van Oxford">Universiteit van Oxford</a>. Zijn reizen, waarbij hij Latijnse en Franse komedies te zien kreeg, waren een belangrijke bron van inspiratie voor zijn komedies. </p><p>In zijn tijd in <a href="/wiki/Parijs" title="Parijs">Parijs</a> had hij nauwe banden met <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacob_Winsl%C3%B8w&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacob Winsløw (de pagina bestaat niet)">Jacob Winsløw</a> een Deense katholiek die probeerde hem te bekeren, maar Ludvig bleef het <a href="/wiki/Maarten_Luther" title="Maarten Luther">Lutherse</a> <a href="/wiki/Religie" title="Religie">geloof</a> trouw. Toch had hij daar een vooruitstrevende kijk op. Ten aanzien van het in zijn tijd nieuwe <a href="/wiki/Heliocentrisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliocentrisme">heliocentrische</a> wereldbeeld dat omstreden was omdat het een letterlijke interpretatie van sommige delen van de Bijbel leek tegen te spreken, zei hij: <i>De Heilige Schrift is niet geschreven om mensen astronomie bij te brengen, maar om ze tot zaligheid te brengen</i>. </p><p>Zijn schrijverschap kent drie hoofdthema's: een historische, een poëtisch/komische en een filosofische periode. Vooral in de komische toneelspelen, waardoor hij het meest bekend is, was hij bijzonder productief. Men zegt wel dat zijn geloofshouding het <a href="/wiki/De%C3%AFsme" title="Deïsme">deïsme</a> vertegenwoordigt met zijn scepsis tegenover de <a href="/wiki/Erfzonde" title="Erfzonde">erfzonde</a> en zijn nadruk op de vrije wil van de mens. Holberg heeft een belangrijke wetenschappelijke bijdrage geleverd. Tot zijn tijd was de wetenschap ondergeschikt aan de religie. Holberg stelde daar <a href="/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme">empirisme</a>, met nadruk op ervaring en observatie tegenover. </p><p>Ter ere van Holberg stelde de Noorse regering in 2003 de <a href="/wiki/Holbergprijs" title="Holbergprijs">Holbergprijs</a> in voor wetenschappers die zich verdienstelijk hebben gemaakt op het terrein van de kunsten, de geesteswetenschappen, de sociale wetenschappen, het recht of de theologie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toneelwerk">Toneelwerk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludvig_Holberg&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Toneelwerk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludvig_Holberg&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Toneelwerk"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Plakat_for_en_opf%C3%B8relse_af_Ludvig_Holbergs_Gert_Westphaler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Plakat_for_en_opf%C3%B8relse_af_Ludvig_Holbergs_Gert_Westphaler.jpg/260px-Plakat_for_en_opf%C3%B8relse_af_Ludvig_Holbergs_Gert_Westphaler.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Plakat_for_en_opf%C3%B8relse_af_Ludvig_Holbergs_Gert_Westphaler.jpg/390px-Plakat_for_en_opf%C3%B8relse_af_Ludvig_Holbergs_Gert_Westphaler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Plakat_for_en_opf%C3%B8relse_af_Ludvig_Holbergs_Gert_Westphaler.jpg/520px-Plakat_for_en_opf%C3%B8relse_af_Ludvig_Holbergs_Gert_Westphaler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="985" data-file-height="1161" /></a><figcaption>De oudste bewaard gebleven theateraffiche voor het stuk <i>Mester Gert Westphaler</i>, opgevoerd op 22 oktober 1722.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68175564">.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst ul,.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst li,.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst dd{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0.1em;page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-0 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst li,html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-0 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst dd{line-height:1.5714285em}html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst li,html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst dd{line-height:1.6em}html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-2 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst li,html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-2 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst dd{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .kolommen-lijst{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst figure{break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst{clear:both}}</style><div class="kolommen-lijst" style="column-width:29em; column-count:2;"> <ul><li><i>Den Politiske Kandestøber</i>, 1722 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.nl/books?id=k6ViAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover"><i>De politieke tinnegieter</i></a><i>)</i>, 1853</li> <li><i>Den vægelsindede (De wankelmoedige)</i>, 1722.</li> <li><i>Jean de France</i> of <i>Hans Frandsen</i>, 1722.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeppe_p%C3%A5_Bjerget" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeppe på Bjerget">Jeppe på Bjerget</a></i>, 1722 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.delpher.nl/nl/boeken/view?coll=boeken&identifier=MMKB24:079259000"><i>Jeppe op de berg</i></a>), 1925 of <i>Den forvandlede Bonde (De veranderde boer) </i>, 1722.</li> <li><i>Mester Gert Westphaler</i>, 1722.</li> <li><i>Barselstuen (De kraamkamer)</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Den ellefte Junii</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Jacob von Tyboe</i> of <i>Den stortalende Soldat (De snoevende soldaat)</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Ulysses von Ithacia</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Erasmus Montanus</i> of <i>Rasmus Berg</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Don Ranudo de Colibrados</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Uden Hoved og Hale (Zonder kop en staart)</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Den Stundesløse (De rusteloze)</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Hexerie (Hekserij)</i> of <i>Blind Allarm (Loos alarm)</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Melampe</i>, 1723.</li> <li><i>Det lykkelige Skibbrud (De gelukkige schipbreuk)</i>, 1724.</li> <li><i>Det Arabiske Pulver (Het Arabische poeder)</i>, 1724.</li> <li><i>Mascarade</i>, 1724 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.nl/books?id=yi_bak7VpcIC&printsec=frontcover"><i>De Maskerade</i></a>), 1777.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Julestuen" title="Julestuen">Julestuen</a> (De kerststal)</i>, 1724.</li> <li><i>De Usynlige (De onzichtbare)</i>, 1724.</li> <li><i>Diderich Menschenskraek (Diderich de verschrikkelijke)</i>, 1724.</li> <li><i>Kildereisen (De reis naar de bron)</i>, 1725.</li> <li><i>Henrich og Pernille</i>, 1724-1726.</li> <li><i>Den pantsatte Bondedreng (De boerenknecht in onderpand)</i>, 1726.</li> <li><i>Pernilles korte Frøkenstand (Pernille kortstondig als dame)</i>, 1727.</li> <li><i>Den Danske Comoedies Liigbegængelse (De begrafenis van de Deense komedie)</i>, 1727.</li> <li><i>Den honette Ambition (De eervolle eerzucht)</i>, 1731.</li> <li><i>Nicolai Klimmii iter subterraneum</i>, 1741 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.nl/books?id=XV9XAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover"><i>Onderaardsche Reis van Claas Klim, behelzende eene nieuwe beschryving van den aardkloot met de historie der vyfde, tot nog toe onbekende monarchie</i></a>), 1741.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Postuum uitgegeven</dt></dl> <ul><li><i>Plutus</i> of <i>Proces imellom Fattigdom og Riigdom (Proces tussen armoede en rijkdom)</i>.</li> <li><i>Husspøgelse (Het huisspook)</i> of <i>Abracadabra</i>.</li> <li><i>Philosophus udi egen Indbildning (Filosoof uit eigen inbeelding)</i>.</li> <li><i>Republiqven (De Republiek)</i> of <i>Det gemeene Bedste (Het gemenebest)</i>.</li> <li><i>Sganarels Rejse til det philosophiske Land (Sganarels reis naar het filosofische land)</i>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_link">Externe link</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludvig_Holberg&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe link" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludvig_Holberg&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe link"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Deens">(<span>da</span>) </span> J. Paludan: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/dbl/7/0521.html">Ludvig Holberg</a> in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dansk_Biografisk_Leksikon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dansk Biografisk Leksikon (de pagina bestaat niet)">Dansk Biografisk Leksikon</a></i> (1. uitgave, deel 7, 1893)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style><div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Bibliografische informatie" data-collapsetext="Inklappen" data-expandtext="Uitklappen"><div id="Bibliografische_informatie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bibliografische_informatie" title="Wikipedia:Bibliografische informatie">Bibliografische informatie</a></div><div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content plainlist ta-left"><ul style="column-width:36em"><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibsys">Bibsys</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90073658">90073658</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Chile">Biblioteca Nacional de Chile</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000163975">000163975</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">Biblioteca Nacional de España</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1173068">XX1173068</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11907650r">cb11907650r</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11907650r">(data)</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A0leg_d%27autoritats_de_noms_i_t%C3%ADtols_de_Catalunya" title="Catàleg d'autoritats de noms i títols de Catalunya">Catàleg d'autoritats de noms i títols de Catalunya</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058522992606706">981058522992606706</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05684694?l=en">DA05684694</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Digitale_Bibliotheek_voor_de_Nederlandse_Letteren" title="Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren">Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dbnl.org/auteurs/auteur.php?id=holb004">holb004</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118552961">118552961</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">International Standard Name Identifier</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000121019729">0000 0001 2101 9729</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/KulturNav" title="KulturNav">KulturNav</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/f803be41-29a7-4d62-bdf0-aa162fd6d432">f803be41-29a7-4d62-bdf0-aa162fd6d432</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">Library of Congress Control Number</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79042001">n79042001</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Letland" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Letland">Nationale Bibliotheek van Letland</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000166054&P_CON_LNG=ENG">000166054</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Tsjechi%C3%AB" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Tsjechië">Nationale Bibliotheek van Tsjechië</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000602978&CON_LNG=ENG">jn20000602978</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_bibliotheek_van_Australi%C3%AB" title="Nationale bibliotheek van Australië">Nationale bibliotheek van Australië</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35201413">35201413</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Isra%C3%ABl" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Israël">Nationale Bibliotheek van Israël</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007262608805171">987007262608805171</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nationale_Bibliotheek_van_Polen" title="Nationale Bibliotheek van Polen">Nationale Bibliotheek van Polen</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/a0000001925990">a0000001925990</a></span></li><li><b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1006" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1006">Nederlandse Thesaurus van Auteursnamen</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069902380">069902380</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/R%C3%89RO" title="RÉRO">Réseau des bibliothèques de Suisse occidentale</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A003378934">02-A003378934</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/RKD-Nederlands_Instituut_voor_Kunstgeschiedenis" title="RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis">RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/nl/explore/artists/352355">352355</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Centrale_per_il_Catalogo_Unico" title="Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico">Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/opacsbn/opac/iccu/scheda_authority.jsp?bid=CFIV107723">CFIV107723</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">LIBRIS</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/61320">61320</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/SNAC" title="SNAC">SNAC</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w62z2m5j">w62z2m5j</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">Système universitaire de documentation</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026923629">026923629</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Trove" title="Trove">Trove</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/862529">862529</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">Virtual International Authority File</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/66468731">66468731</a></span></li><li><b></b> <b><a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a></b> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/66468731">66468731</a></li></ul></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" 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