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cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">보이기</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-역사" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#역사"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>역사</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-역사-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>역사 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-역사-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1420년_공성전" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1420년_공성전"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>1420년 공성전</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1420년_공성전-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-16세기와_18세기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#16세기와_18세기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>16세기와 18세기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-16세기와_18세기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19세기와_20세기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19세기와_20세기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>19세기와 20세기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19세기와_20세기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-인구" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#인구"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>인구</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-인구-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-자매_도시" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#자매_도시"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>자매 도시</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-자매_도시-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">레이던</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 97개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="알찬 글"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%88%E1%8B%AD%E1%8B%B5%E1%8A%95" title="ለይድን – 암하라어" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ለይድን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="암하라어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leyden" title="Leyden – 고대 영어" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Leyden" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="고대 영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%86" title="لايدن – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لايدن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="لايدين – 이집트 아랍어" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لايدين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="이집트 아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leyden" title="Leyden – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Leyden" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 발리어" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="발리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Лейдэн – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лейдэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Лейдэн – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лейдэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лайден – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лайден" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="লাইডেন – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লাইডেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 브르타뉴어" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="브르타뉴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лейден – 체첸어" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Лейден" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="체첸어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeente_Leiden" title="Gemeente Leiden – 세부아노어" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Gemeente Leiden" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="세부아노어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden_(Stadt)" title="Leiden (Stadt) – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Leiden (Stadt)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%AD%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Λέιντεν – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λέιντεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="좋은 글"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86" title="لیدن – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لیدن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 페로어" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="페로어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leyde" title="Leyde – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Leyde" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AAda" title="Lêda – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Lêda" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leien" title="Leien – 서부 프리지아어" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Leien" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="서부 프리지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 스코틀랜드 게일어" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="스코틀랜드 게일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%9F" title="ליידן – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ליידן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Լեյդեն – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեյդեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leida" title="Leida – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Leida" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3" title="ライデン – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ライデン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 자바어" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="자바어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლეიდენი – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლეიდენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 쿠르드어" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 콘월어" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="콘월어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugdunum_Batavorum" title="Lugdunum Batavorum – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lugdunum Batavorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 룩셈부르크어" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="룩셈부르크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 림버거어" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="림버거어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidenas" title="Leidenas – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Leidenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidene" title="Leidene – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Leidene" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лајден – 마케도니아어" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лајден" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="마케도니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidn" title="Leidn – 저지 색슨어" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Leidn" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="저지 색슨어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8ida" title="Lèida – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lèida" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лейден – 오세트어" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Лейден" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="오세트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 파피아먼토어" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="파피아먼토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lejda" title="Lejda – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lejda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8ida" title="Lèida – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lèida" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86" title="لیدن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لیدن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leida" title="Leida – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Leida" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лейден – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лейден" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лайден – 루신어" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Лайден" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="루신어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лајден – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лајден" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="லைடன் – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லைடன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ไลเดิน – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไลเดิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лейден – 타타르어" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Лейден" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="타타르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лейден – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лейден" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%86" title="لائیڈن – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لائیڈن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leida" title="Leida – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Leida" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leydn" title="Leydn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Leydn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 볼라퓌크어" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="볼라퓌크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – 와라이어" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="와라이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E9%A1%BF" title="莱顿 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="莱顿" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%9F" title="ליידן – 이디시어" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליידן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="이디시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Leiden" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E9%A1%BF" title="莱顿 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="莱顿" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E9%A0%93" title="萊頓 – 광둥어" 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href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=ko&pagename=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&params=52_10_N_4_29_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="이 위치에 대한 지도와 항공사진 및 기타 정보를 보여줍니다"><span class="latitude">북위 52° 10′ </span> <span class="longitude">동경 4° 29′ </span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="이 위치에 대한 지도와 항공사진 및 기타 정보를 보여줍니다">북위 52.167° 동경 4.483° </span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52.167; 4.483</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <div class="dablink hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8F%99%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%98%EC%96%B4_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="위키백과:동음이의어 문서"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/23px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/35px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/46px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <b>레이든</b>은 여기로 연결됩니다. 다른 뜻에 대해서는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%93%A0_(%EC%9D%8C%EC%95%85_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EB%93%80%EC%84%9C)" title="레이든 (음악 프로듀서)">레이든 (음악 프로듀서)</a> 문서를 참고하십시오.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311307">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:24em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above mergedrow" style="text-align:center; background:white; width:100%; vertical-align:middle; border-top: 0.3em solid #CDDEFF; border-bottom: 0.3em solid #CDDEFF;"><big>레이던</big><br />Leiden</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:LeidenOudeRijn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="라이덴 흐라흐트의 옛 라인강 운하" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/LeidenOudeRijn.jpg/300px-LeidenOudeRijn.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/LeidenOudeRijn.jpg/450px-LeidenOudeRijn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/LeidenOudeRijn.jpg/600px-LeidenOudeRijn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3705" data-file-height="2577" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">라이덴 흐라흐트의 옛 라인강 운하</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="display: table; width: 100%; background: none; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: 0; vertical-align: middle; text-align:center;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Flag_of_Leiden.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Leiden.svg/110px-Flag_of_Leiden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Leiden.svg/165px-Flag_of_Leiden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Leiden.svg/220px-Flag_of_Leiden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border: 0; vertical-align: middle; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Leiden_wapen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Leiden_wapen.svg/110px-Leiden_wapen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Leiden_wapen.svg/165px-Leiden_wapen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Leiden_wapen.svg/220px-Leiden_wapen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="729" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap">시기</span> </td> <td style="border:0; text-align:center;"><span class="nowrap">휘장</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:LocatieLeiden.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="남부 홀랜드의 위치" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/LocatieLeiden.png/260px-LocatieLeiden.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/LocatieLeiden.png 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="130" /></a></span><br />남부 홀랜드의 위치</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header mergedrow" style="text-align: center; background: #CDDEFF;">행정</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">국가</th><td class="infobox-data">네덜란드</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">행정 구역</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%84%ED%8A%B8%ED%99%80%EB%9E%80%ED%8A%B8%EC%A3%BC" title="자위트홀란트주">자위트홀란트주</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header mergedrow" style="text-align: center; background: #CDDEFF;">지리</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">면적</th><td class="infobox-data">23.27 km<sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">해발</th><td class="infobox-data">0 m</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">시간대</th><td class="infobox-data">UTC+1</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header mergedrow" style="text-align: center; background: #CDDEFF;">인문</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">인구</th><td class="infobox-data">120,105명(2013년)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">광역 인구</th><td class="infobox-data">342,838명</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header mergedrow" style="text-align: center; background: #CDDEFF;">지역 부호</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">우편번호</th><td class="infobox-data">2300–2334</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">지역번호</th><td class="infobox-data">071</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">웹사이트</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leiden.nl">www.leiden.nl</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>레이던</b>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%8D%9C%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C%EC%96%B4" title="네덜란드어">네덜란드어</a>: </span><span lang="nl">Leiden</span>)은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%8D%9C%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="네덜란드">네덜란드</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%84%ED%8A%B8%ED%99%80%EB%9E%80%ED%8A%B8%EC%A3%BC" title="자위트홀란트주">자위트홀란트주</a>의 도시로 인구 118,000명이다. 1575년부터 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="레이던 대학교">레이던 대학교</a>를 중심으로 성장한 대학도시이다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="역사"><span id=".EC.97.AD.EC.82.AC"></span>역사</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 역사"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>레이든은 역사적으로 로마의 초소였던 루그두눔 바타보룸과 연계되어 있었다. 그러나 이 특별한 성채는 카트비크에 더 가까웠으며, 반면 오늘날 레이던 근교에 있는 로마 시대의 정착지의 이름은 마틸로(Matilo)로 불렸다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Leiden-Windmill-DeValk.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Leiden-Windmill-DeValk.JPG/220px-Leiden-Windmill-DeValk.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Leiden-Windmill-DeValk.JPG/330px-Leiden-Windmill-DeValk.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Leiden-Windmill-DeValk.JPG/440px-Leiden-Windmill-DeValk.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2602" data-file-height="3714" /></a><figcaption>풍차 박물관</figcaption></figure> <p>옛날의 그리고 새 라인강의 합류점에 해당하는 지역에 인공 언덕이 만들어지고 그곳에 레이던이 만들어졌다. 이 위치에 대한 기록은 860년 무렵, 정착지의 이름은 레이튼 (난초 : Leithon)이라고 되어 있다. 언덕을 본거지로 하는 레이던의 영주는 처음에는 위트레흐트 주교에 종속되어 있었지만, 1100년 무렵 세습 성주가 홀란트 백작령에 종속되게 되었다. 이 백작령은 근처에 있는 요새 홀트란트(<i>Holtland</i>) 또는 홀란트 (<i>Holland</i>) 령에서 따온 것으로 1101년에 명명된 것이다. 레이던은 1047년에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%84%B1%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="신성로마제국">신성로마제국</a> 황제 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_3%EC%84%B8" class="mw-disambig" title="하인리히 3세">하인리히 3세</a>에 의해 약탈을 당했다. 13세기 초 홀란 여성 백작 아다가 삼촌 빌렘 1세와 내전을 벌인 끝에 이곳 레이던으로 도피하였다. 빌렘은 요새를 포위하고 아다를 사로잡았다. 레이던은 1266년에 도시 권을 부여받았다. 1389년 인구는 4000명으로 늘어났다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1420년_공성전"><span id="1420.EB.85.84_.EA.B3.B5.EC.84.B1.EC.A0.84"></span>1420년 공성전</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 1420년 공성전"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>낚시와 대구 전쟁 (Hoekse en Kabeljauwse twisten) 중에 1420년 바이에른 슈트라우 빈크공작 요한 3세는 레이던을 정복하기 위해 자신의 군대와 함께 고다에서 레이던 방면으로 진군했다. 레이던은 새로운 홀란드 백작이자, 하이나우트 여자 백작 자클린(요한 3세의 조카로, 홀란트 백작 빌렘 4세의 외동딸),이 백작 위를 상속한 이래 세금을 내지 않았기 때문이다. 요한 군은 만반의 장비를 갖추고, 몇 문의 대포도 가지고 있었다. </p><p>레이던 성주 필립스 판 바서나르와 여러 지역 귀족은 요한 3세가 처음에는 레이던을 포위했다가, 도시를 포위하고 주변 요새를 제압하기 위해 작은 부대를 보내올 것이라고 추측했다. 그러나 요한 3세는 요새를 우선적으로 기습하는 것을 선택했다. </p><p>그는 대포를 그의 군대로 운반했는데, 하나는 너무 무거워서 배에 실었다. 성벽과 성문에 철탄으로 대포가 퍼부어 하나씩 요새를 함락시켰다. 한 주일 동안 요한 3세는 폴루헤스트, 텔 도스, 호이쿠마데, 드 지르, 텔 바르트, 발몽트, 데 팥덴폴 성을 각각 정복했다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/6%EC%9B%94_24%EC%9D%BC" title="6월 24일">6월 24일</a> 레이던의 성벽 앞에 요한 3세 군이 모습을 드러냈다. 두 달 간의 포위를 한 후에 <a href="/wiki/1420%EB%85%84" title="1420년">1420년</a> <a href="/wiki/8%EC%9B%94_17%EC%9D%BC" title="8월 17일">8월 17일</a> 시는 요한 3세 군에게 항복했다. 필립스 판 바서나르는 백작 작위와 재산을 박탈당하고, 만년을 포로로 보내게 되었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="16세기와_18세기"><span id="16.EC.84.B8.EA.B8.B0.EC.99.80_18.EC.84.B8.EA.B8.B0"></span>16세기와 18세기</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 16세기와 18세기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Veen01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Veen01.jpg/220px-Veen01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Veen01.jpg/330px-Veen01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Veen01.jpg/440px-Veen01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6570" data-file-height="4404" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0_%ED%8C%90_%EB%B2%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="오토 판 벤 (없는 문서)">오토 판 벤</a>: <b>레이던 구제</b> (1574), 침수된 초원은 네덜란드 함대가 스페인 보병의 주둔지 접근을 가능하게 했다.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Herengracht_(Leiden).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Herengracht_%28Leiden%29.JPG/220px-Herengracht_%28Leiden%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Herengracht_%28Leiden%29.JPG/330px-Herengracht_%28Leiden%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Herengracht_%28Leiden%29.JPG/440px-Herengracht_%28Leiden%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4224" data-file-height="2376" /></a><figcaption>헤렌흐라스트 따라 늘어선 17세기 주택들</figcaption></figure> <p>레이던은 16세기부터 17세기에 걸쳐 번영을 이루었다. 15세기 말에 레이던의 섬유 산업 (주로 브로드클로스) 확립이 매우 중시되었으며, 스페인 군의 추방 후 레이던 직물, 레이던의 양탄자, 레이던의 낙타 방직은 익숙한 용어가 되었다. 같은 시기에, 레이던은 중요한 인쇄 출판 산업을 발전시켰다. 영향력 있는 화가 크리스토프 프랭탕은 한때 레이덴에 살았다. 그의 제자 중 하나 로더베이크 엘제비르(1547년 - 1617년)는 레이던에서 가장 큰 서점을 열어 인쇄업을 영위했고, 현재도 그의 후손이 경영을 계속하고 있다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1572%EB%85%84" title="1572년">1572년</a>, 레이던은 스페인 지배에 맞서서 네덜란드 반란군 편을 들었고, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EC%8B%AD%EB%85%84_%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81" class="mw-redirect" title="팔십년 전쟁">팔십년 전쟁</a>에서 중요한 역할을 했다. 스페인 군에 1574년 5월부터 10월까지 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98_%EA%B3%B5%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%84" title="레이던 공방전">레이던 공방전</a>에서 레이던은 제방을 인위적으로 붕괴시켜 홍수가 난 도시의 주민들에게 식량을 배로 공급하였다. 전년의 영웅적인 방어의 보답으로 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="레이던 대학교">레이던 대학교</a>가 <a href="/wiki/1575%EB%85%84" title="1575년">1575년</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%9D%BC%EB%85%9C_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9E%91_%EB%B9%8C%EB%9F%BC_1%EC%84%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="오라녜 공작 빌럼 1세">오라녜 공작 빌럼 1세</a>에 의해 건립되었다. 레이던 공성전 마지막 날이었던 <a href="/wiki/10%EC%9B%94_3%EC%9D%BC" title="10월 3일">10월 3일</a>은 오늘 날에도 매년 레이던에서 경축 행사가 개최되고 있다. 전설에 의하면 레이던 시민은 대학과 세금 면제를 제시받았고, 그 중에 시민들은 대학 설립을 선택했다고 전해진다. 이 공성전은 또한 유럽에서 지폐를 처음 발행한 것으로도 유명하며, 은이 고갈되자 성서에 동전으로 스탬프를 찍어 화폐를 대신했다.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>레이던은 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%84%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%BC_%ED%8C%8C%EB%8D%94%EC%8A%A4" title="필그림 파더스">필그림 파더스</a>(북미 <a href="/wiki/%EB%89%B4%EC%95%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="뉴암스테르담">뉴암스테르담</a>에 처음으로 이주한 사람들도 마찬가지로<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)가 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84" class="mw-disambig" title="신세계">신세계</a>에 있는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A4%EC%82%AC%EC%B6%94%EC%84%B8%EC%B8%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="매사추세츠">매사추세츠</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%EB%89%B4%EC%95%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="뉴암스테르담">뉴암스테르담</a>으로 출발하기 전에 <a href="/wiki/17%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="17세기">17세기</a> 한 때 이 땅에서 (출판업을 영위하며<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) 살았던 곳으로도 유명하다.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>17세기 플랑드르에서 난민에 의해 직물 산업이 촉진되어 레이던은 번창했다. 1574년 공성전 사이에 15,000명의 인구의 3분의 1 가량이 손실되었다. 그랬던 것이 1622년에는 순식간에 45,000명으로 회복하였고, 1670년경에는 70,000명에 육박하게 되었다. 네덜란드 황금시대 레이던은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%B4" title="암스테르담">암스테르담</a> 다음으로 네덜란드에서 큰 도시가 되었다. </p><p>17세기 후반부터 레이던은 지속적으로 쇠약해지기 시작했다. 직물 산업 쇠퇴가 원인이었다. 19세기 제조업이 레이던 경제의 중심으로 남아 있어도 양탄자 산업은 완전히 끊기게 되었다. 이 쇠퇴는 인구 감소로 연결되었다. 레이던의 인구는 1796년에서 1811년 사이에 30,000명 정도 감소하고, <a href="/wiki/1904%EB%85%84" title="1904년">1904년</a>에는 56,044명으로 줄어 있었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19세기와_20세기"><span id="19.EC.84.B8.EA.B8.B0.EC.99.80_20.EC.84.B8.EA.B8.B0"></span>19세기와 20세기</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 19세기와 20세기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/1807%EB%85%84" title="1807년">1807년</a> <a href="/wiki/1%EC%9B%94_12%EC%9D%BC" title="1월 12일">1월 12일</a> 대재앙이 레이던 기습했다. 보트가 전복되고, 17,400kg의 화약이 도시에서 폭발한 것이다. 151명의 사망자와 2000명 이상의 부상자가 발생하고 주택 220채가 무너졌다. 당시 네덜란드 (홀란트) 왕 루이 보나파르트는 사적으로 레이던을 방문하여 피해자에 대한 지원을 실시했다. </p><p>1842년 레이던 - 하를렘 사이의 철도가 개통되었고, 1년 후에는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EC%9D%B4%EA%B7%B8" title="헤이그">헤이그</a>에 철도가 완성되었다. 결과적으로 사회, 경제적 상황이 일부 개선되었다. 그러나 시민의 수는 1900년에도 50,000명을 넘지 못했다. <a href="/wiki/1896%EB%85%84" title="1896년">1896년</a>까지 17세기의 해자를 넘어 레이던은 시역을 확장하기 시작되지 않았던 것이다. 1920년 이후 시내에 새로운 제조업 즉, 통조림 제조와 금속 제조업 등이 시작되었다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C2%EC%B0%A8_%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84_%EB%8C%80%EC%A0%84" title="제2차 세계 대전">제2차 세계 대전</a> 동안 레이던은 연합군의 폭격으로 심하게 손상되었다. 기차역 지역과 마러베이크 지구는 완전히 파괴되었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="인구"><span id=".EC.9D.B8.EA.B5.AC"></span>인구</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 인구"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption style="border-top:1px #aaa solid;border-left:1px #aaa solid;border-right:1px #aaa solid;background-color:lavender;padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:1px;width:3em">연도</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:1px 2px;text-align:right">인구</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="연당 인구 증감율">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1398</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1497</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">11,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.80%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1514</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">14,250</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.53%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1574</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,456</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.22%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1581</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">12,144</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.36%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1622</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">44,745</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.23%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1632</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">44,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.17%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1665</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">67,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.28%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1732</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">70,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.07%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1750</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">38,105</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−3.32%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1795</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">30,955</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.46%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:left">출처: <a href="#CITEREFLourensLucassen1997">Lourens & Lucassen 1997</a>, 112–114쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFLourensLucassen1997 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="자매_도시"><span id=".EC.9E.90.EB.A7.A4_.EB.8F.84.EC.8B.9C"></span>자매 도시</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 자매 도시"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD" title="영국"><img alt="영국" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD" title="영국">영국</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A5%EC%8A%A4%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="옥스퍼드">옥스퍼드</a> (1946년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC" title="독일"><img alt="독일" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC" title="독일">독일</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A0%88%ED%8E%A0%ED%8A%B8" title="크레펠트">크레펠트</a> (1974년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="폴란드"><img alt="폴란드" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="폴란드">폴란드</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A3%AC" title="토룬">토룬</a> (1988년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC%EA%B3%BC" title="니카라과"><img alt="니카라과" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC%EA%B3%BC" title="니카라과">니카라과</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%9B%84%EC%9D%B4%EA%B0%88%ED%8C%8C" title="후이갈파">후이갈파</a> (1988년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="남아프리카 공화국"><img alt="남아프리카 공화국" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="남아프리카 공화국">남아프리카 공화국</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%84%ED%8C%94%EB%A1%9C%EC%8B%9C%ED%8B%B0" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="버팔로시티">버팔로시티</a> (1996년)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&action=edit&section=7" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Jona Lendering. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140215042316/http://www.livius.org/ga-gh/germania/lugdunum.html">“Towns in Germania Inferior: Lugdunum (Brittenburg)”</a>. Livius.org. 2014년 2월 15일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livius.org/ga-gh/germania/lugdunum.html">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2010년 6월 11일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Towns+in+Germania+Inferior%3A+Lugdunum+%28Brittenburg%29&rft.pub=Livius.org&rft.au=Jona+Lendering&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livius.org%2Fga-gh%2Fgermania%2Flugdunum.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131208185511/http://thecurrencycollector.com/pdfs/Siege_Notes_-_Windows_to_the_Past_Part_I.pdf">“보관된 사본”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2013년 12월 8일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecurrencycollector.com/pdfs/Siege_Notes_-_Windows_to_the_Past_Part_I.pdf">원본 문서</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2013년 11월 22일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%B3%B4%EA%B4%80%EB%90%9C+%EC%82%AC%EB%B3%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecurrencycollector.com%2Fpdfs%2FSiege_Notes_-_Windows_to_the_Past_Part_I.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927221847/http://www.newyorkfamilyhistory.org/modules.php?name=Sections&op=printpage&artid=40">“The New York Genealogical and Biographical Society – Access Denied”</a>. Newyorkfamilyhistory.org. 2011년 9월 27일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorkfamilyhistory.org/modules.php?name=Sections&op=printpage&artid=40">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2010년 6월 11일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+New+York+Genealogical+and+Biographical+Society+%E2%80%93+Access+Denied&rft.pub=Newyorkfamilyhistory.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorkfamilyhistory.org%2Fmodules.php%3Fname%3DSections%26op%3Dprintpage%26artid%3D40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://pages.prodigy.net/parrish/MapGroundZero.html">[1]</a>{{ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071102104823/http://pages.prodigy.net/parrish/MapGroundZero.html">Archived</a> 2007년 11월 2일 - <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%B1_%EB%A8%B8%EC%8B%A0" title="웨이백 머신">웨이백 머신</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990503060700/http://www.pilgrimhall.org/pilpress.htm">“The Pilgrim Press”</a>. Pilgrimhall.org. 2005년 5월 18일. 1999년 5월 3일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pilgrimhall.org/pilpress.htm">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2010년 6월 11일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Pilgrim+Press&rft.pub=Pilgrimhall.org&rft.date=2005-05-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pilgrimhall.org%2Fpilpress.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanheritage.com/content/dutch-door-america">“The Dutch Door to America”</a>. Americanheritage.com. April 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2011년 11월 28일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dutch+Door+to+America&rft.pub=Americanheritage.com&rft.date=1999-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanheritage.com%2Fcontent%2Fdutch-door-america&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%98&action=edit&section=8" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480479">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480595">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div 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href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43631#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204927/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404053310">ISNI</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000115404997">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/143615766">VIAF</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국가</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX459163">스페인</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a 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