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.hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> For the learned society of American philosophers, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Association?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Philosophical Association">American Philosophical Association</a>. </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p>The <b>American Philosophical Society</b> (<b>APS</b>) is an American scholarly organization and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Learned_society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Learned society">learned society</a> founded in 1743 in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philadelphia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> that promotes knowledge in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Humanities?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Humanities">humanities</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Natural_sciences?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural sciences">natural sciences</a> through research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and community outreach. It was founded by the polymath <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a> and is considered the first learned society founded in what became the United States.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Nullo_Discrimine_The_American_Philosophical_Society.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Nullo_Discrimine_The_American_Philosophical_Society.png/220px-Nullo_Discrimine_The_American_Philosophical_Society.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Nullo_Discrimine_The_American_Philosophical_Society.png/330px-Nullo_Discrimine_The_American_Philosophical_Society.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Nullo_Discrimine_The_American_Philosophical_Society.png 2x" data-file-width="397" data-file-height="454"></a> <figcaption> The Society's Seal </figcaption> </figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF; line-height:1.5"> American Philosophical Society Hall </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF;"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.4; color: #202122; background: #87CEEB"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Historic Landmark">U.S. National Historic Landmark</a> </div></td> </tr> <tr style="display:none"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:American_Philosophical_Society_(53590377813).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/American_Philosophical_Society_%2853590377813%29.jpg/250px-American_Philosophical_Society_%2853590377813%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/American_Philosophical_Society_%252853590377813%2529.jpg/375px-American_Philosophical_Society_%252853590377813%2529.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/American_Philosophical_Society_%252853590377813%2529.jpg/500px-American_Philosophical_Society_%252853590377813%2529.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4966" data-file-height="2793"></a></span> <div class="infobox-caption"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philosophical_Hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philosophical Hall">Philosophical Hall</a>, the headquarters of the American Philosophical Society in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philadelphia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"> <div class="switcher-container"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style> <div class="center"> <div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"> <div style="width:250px;padding:0"> <div style="position:relative;width:250px"> <span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Street_map_of_Philadelphia_and_surrounding_area.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="American Philosophical Society is located in Philadelphia"><img alt="American Philosophical Society is located in Philadelphia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Street_map_of_Philadelphia_and_surrounding_area.png/250px-Street_map_of_Philadelphia_and_surrounding_area.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Street_map_of_Philadelphia_and_surrounding_area.png/375px-Street_map_of_Philadelphia_and_surrounding_area.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Street_map_of_Philadelphia_and_surrounding_area.png/500px-Street_map_of_Philadelphia_and_surrounding_area.png 2x" data-file-width="1307" data-file-height="1024"></a></span> <div class="od notheme" style="top:70.879%;left:45.964%;font-size:91%"> <div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"> <span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="American Philosophical Society"><img alt="American Philosophical Society" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></span></span> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Philadelphia</span> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"> <div class="center"> <div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"> <div style="width:250px;padding:0"> <div style="position:relative;width:250px"> <span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:USA_Pennsylvania_location_map.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="American Philosophical Society is located in Pennsylvania"><img alt="American Philosophical Society is located in Pennsylvania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/USA_Pennsylvania_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Pennsylvania_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/USA_Pennsylvania_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Pennsylvania_location_map.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/USA_Pennsylvania_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Pennsylvania_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="805"></a></span> <div class="od notheme" style="top:85.981%;left:89.525%;font-size:91%"> <div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"> <span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="American Philosophical Society"><img alt="American Philosophical Society" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></span></span> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Pennsylvania</span> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"> <div class="center"> <div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"> <div style="width:250px;padding:0"> <div style="position:relative;width:250px"> <span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_location_map.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="American Philosophical Society is located in the United States"><img alt="American Philosophical Society is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/250px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/375px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/500px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731"></a></span> <div class="od notheme" style="top:38.85%;left:84.24%;font-size:91%"> <div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"> <span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="American Philosophical Society"><img alt="American Philosophical Society" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></span></span> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span> </div> </div> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Location</th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">104 S. Fifth St., <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philadelphia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pennsylvania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, U.S.</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Coordinates</th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename%3DAmerican_Philosophical_Society%26params%3D39_56_55_N_75_8_58_W_region:US-PA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°56′55″N</span> <span class="longitude">75°8′58″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.94861°N 75.14944°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.94861; -75.14944</span></span></span></a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Built</th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">1787</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Architect</th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samuel_Vaughan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samuel Vaughan">Samuel Vaughan</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Architectural style</th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georgian_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Website</th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://amphilsoc.org">amphilsoc<wbr>.org</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NRHP reference <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/66000675">66000675</a><sup id="cite_ref-nris_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background: #A8EDEF">Significant dates</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Added to NRHP</th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">January 12, 1965</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Designated NHL</th> <td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">January 12, 1965</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philosophical_Hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philosophical Hall">Philosophical Hall</a>, the society's headquarters and a museum, is located just east of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Independence_Hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Independence Hall">Independence Hall</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Independence_National_Historical_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Independence National Historical Park">Independence National Historical Park</a>. In 1965, in recognition of the building's history, it was designated a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a>.</p> <p>The society has about 1,000 elected members. As of April 2020, 5,710 members had been inducted since its creation. Through research grants, published journals, the American Philosophical Society Museum, an extensive library, and regular meetings, the society supports a variety of disciplines in the humanities and the sciences.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Membership"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Membership</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Awards"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Awards</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Publications"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Publications</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Buildings"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Buildings</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Philosophical_Hall"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Philosophical Hall</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Library_Hall"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Library Hall</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Benjamin_Franklin_Hall"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Benjamin Franklin Hall</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Richardson_Hall"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Richardson Hall</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gallery"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Gallery</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Citations"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Citations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#General_and_cited_sources"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">General and cited sources</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png/220px-Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="952"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 279px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png/220px-Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png" data-width="220" data-height="279" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png/330px-Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png/440px-Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a> in 1746 </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_(53590617275).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_%2853590617275%29.jpg/220px-American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_%2853590617275%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4725" data-file-height="3544"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_%2853590617275%29.jpg/220px-American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_%2853590617275%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_%2853590617275%29.jpg/330px-American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_%2853590617275%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_%2853590617275%29.jpg/440px-American_Philosophical_Society_-_Library_Hall_%2853590617275%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Library_Company_of_Philadelphia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Library Company of Philadelphia">Library Hall</a> in 2024 </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg/220px-American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg/220px-American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg/330px-American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg/440px-American_Philosophical_Society_Thomas_Jefferson_Garden.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Thomas Jefferson Garden adjacent to Library Hall </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg/220px-Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg/220px-Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg/330px-Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg/440px-Franklin_Hall_meeting_preparation.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Franklin Hall at the American Philosophical Hall, named for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, the organization's founder </figcaption> </figure> <p>The American Philosophical Society was founded as the <b>Philosophical Society</b> in 1743 by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_Alexander_(lawyer)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James Alexander (lawyer)">James Alexander</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francis_Hopkinson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francis Hopkinson">Francis Hopkinson</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Bartram?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Bartram">John Bartram</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philip_Syng?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philip Syng">Philip Syng Jr.</a>, and others<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as an offshoot of an earlier club, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Junto_(club)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Junto (club)">Junto</a>.</p> <p>Early members included: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Dickinson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Dickinson">John Dickinson</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Washington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Adams?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Adams">John Adams</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-AAA_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-AAA-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_McHenry?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James McHenry">James McHenry</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_Paine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas Paine">Thomas Paine</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/David_Rittenhouse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="David Rittenhouse">David Rittenhouse</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peter_Stephen_Du_Ponceau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peter Stephen Du Ponceau">Peter Stephen Du Ponceau</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nicholas_Biddle_(banker)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Biddle (banker)">Nicholas Biddle</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Owen_Biddle_Sr.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Owen Biddle Sr.">Owen Biddle</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Rush?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Rush">Benjamin Rush</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_Madison?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James Madison">James Madison</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michael_Hillegas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michael Hillegas">Michael Hillegas</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Marshall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Marshall">John Marshall</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Pettit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Pettit">Charles Pettit</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Andrews_(clergyman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="John Andrews (clergyman)">John Andrews</a>.</p> <p>It was common at the time for intellectual societies to invite members from around the world, where the society recruited members from other countries, including <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Alexander von Humboldt</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marquis_de_Lafayette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquis de Lafayette">Marquis de Lafayette</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Baron_von_Steuben?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Baron von Steuben">Baron von Steuben</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko">Tadeusz Kościuszko</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Princess_Dashkova?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Dashkova">Princess Dashkova</a>. The society lapsed into inactivity by 1746, but was revived in 1767.</p> <p>On January 2, 1769, the society united with the American Society for Promoting Useful Knowledge under the name <b>American Philosophical Society Held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge</b>. Franklin was elected the first president.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, the society maintained a standing Committee on American Improvements; one of its investigations was to study the prospects for a canal to connect the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Delaware_River?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Delaware River">Delaware River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chesapeake_and_Delaware_Canal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Chesapeake and Delaware Canal">Chesapeake and Delaware Canal</a>, which had been proposed by Thomas Gilpin, Sr., was built in the 1820s.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Following the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, the society looked for leadership to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francis_Hopkinson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francis Hopkinson">Francis Hopkinson</a>, one of the signatories of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Declaration of Independence">United States Declaration of Independence</a>. Under his influence, the society received land from the government of Pennsylvania, along with a plot of land in Philadelphia, where Philosophical Hall now stands.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Darwin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Frost?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Frost">Robert Frost</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_Pasteur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis Pasteur">Louis Pasteur</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elizabeth_Cabot_Agassiz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz">Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_James_Audubon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John James Audubon">John James Audubon</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Linus_Pauling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Margaret_Mead?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Margaret Mead">Margaret Mead</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maria_Mitchell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maria Mitchell">Maria Mitchell</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_Edison?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a> were all prominent members of the society.</p> <p>Many members of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Society_of_the_Cincinnati?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Society of the Cincinnati">Society of the Cincinnati</a> were among the APS's first board members and contributors; the APS and SOC still maintain an informal, collegial relationship.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Membership" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Membership of the APS "honors extraordinary accomplishments in all fields." It has about 1,000 elected members, comprising about 840 "resident" members (United States citizens or those working or living in the United States) and about 160 "international" members. As of April 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAmerican_Philosophical_Society%26action%3Dedit">[update]</a></sup> it had elected 5,710 members since its foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-elected_8-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-elected-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Over that history, 208 members have been from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harvard_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, 115 from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Princeton_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, 88 from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stanford_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, and 84 from the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>. Ten academic institutions have each been affiliated with 50 or more members:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1226773818">.mw-parser-output .defaultleft{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .defaultcenter{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .defaultright{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .col1left td:nth-child(1),.mw-parser-output .col2left td:nth-child(2),.mw-parser-output .col3left td:nth-child(3),.mw-parser-output .col4left td:nth-child(4),.mw-parser-output .col5left td:nth-child(5),.mw-parser-output .col6left td:nth-child(6),.mw-parser-output .col7left td:nth-child(7),.mw-parser-output .col8left td:nth-child(8),.mw-parser-output .col9left td:nth-child(9),.mw-parser-output .col10left 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td:nth-child(15),.mw-parser-output .col16right td:nth-child(16),.mw-parser-output .col17right td:nth-child(17),.mw-parser-output .col18right td:nth-child(18),.mw-parser-output .col19right td:nth-child(19),.mw-parser-output .col20right td:nth-child(20),.mw-parser-output .col21right td:nth-child(21),.mw-parser-output .col22right td:nth-child(22),.mw-parser-output .col23right td:nth-child(23),.mw-parser-output .col24right td:nth-child(24),.mw-parser-output .col25right td:nth-child(25),.mw-parser-output .col26right td:nth-child(26),.mw-parser-output .col27right td:nth-child(27),.mw-parser-output .col28right td:nth-child(28),.mw-parser-output .col29right td:nth-child(29){text-align:right}</style> <table class="wikitable sortable defaultcenter"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Institution</th> <th data-sort-type="number">Members (1743–2021)</th> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harvard_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harvard University">Harvard</a></td> <td>208</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Princeton_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a></td> <td>115</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stanford_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stanford University">Stanford</a></td> <td>88</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of California, Berkeley">Berkeley</a></td> <td>84</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Columbia_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Columbia University">Columbia</a></td> <td>73</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Chicago?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Chicago">Chicago</a></td> <td>68</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Pennsylvania">Penn</a></td> <td>64</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Yale">Yale</a></td> <td>59</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a></td> <td>57</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York University">NYU</a></td> <td>53</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Awards" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>In 1786, the society established the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magellanic_Premium?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Magellanic Premium">Magellanic Premium</a>, a prize for achievement in "navigation, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Astronomy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a>, or natural philosophy," the oldest scientific prize awarded by an American institution, which it still awards. Other awards include the Barzun Prize for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cultural_history?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cultural history">cultural history</a>, the Judson Daland Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Clinical Investigation, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Medal_(American_Philosophical_Society)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Franklin Medal (American Philosophical Society)">Benjamin Franklin Medal</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lashley_Award?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lashley Award">Lashley Award</a> for <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neurobiology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurobiology">neurobiology</a>, the Lewis Award, and the Thomas Jefferson Medal for distinguished achievement in the arts, humanities, or social sciences.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Publications" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>The society has published the <i>Transactions of the American Philosophical Society</i> since 1771. Five issues appear each year. The <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society">Proceedings</a></i> have appeared since 1838; they publish the papers delivered at the society's biannual meetings. The society has also published <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Papers_of_Benjamin_Franklin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Papers of Benjamin Franklin">The Papers of Benjamin Franklin</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Henry?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Henry">Joseph Henry</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Penn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Penn">William Penn</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meriwether_Lewis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meriwether Lewis">Meriwether Lewis</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Clark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Clark">William Clark</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jane_Aitken?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jane Aitken">Jane Aitken</a> bound 400 volumes for the society.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJames197126_10-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJames197126-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The society also has an expansive archive on framer of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._constitution?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. constitution">U.S. constitution</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Dickinson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Dickinson">John Dickinson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>APS holds the ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) which is a collection of indigenous language documents from around the United States including recordings of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ottawa_dialect?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ottawa dialect">Odawa language</a> from northern Michigan.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> APS has created a guide<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to help provide broad coverage of the Native American and Indigenous archival collections at the Library & Museum of the American Philosophical Society. These materials date from 1553 to 2020 and include manuscript, audio, and visual materials relating to Indigenous peoples throughout the Americas.</p> <p>The society also has a collection of manuscripts on the history of the British colonies, Revolutionary War, the history of American science, quantum physics, Charles Darwin and evolution, genetics and the history of technology.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Buildings">Buildings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Buildings" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Philosophical_NHL.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Philosophical_NHL.jpg/240px-Philosophical_NHL.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 160px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Philosophical_NHL.jpg/240px-Philosophical_NHL.jpg" data-width="240" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Philosophical_NHL.jpg/360px-Philosophical_NHL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Philosophical_NHL.jpg/480px-Philosophical_NHL.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> National Historic Landmark Plaque </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Philosophical_Hall">Philosophical Hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Philosophical Hall" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Main article: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philosophical_Hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philosophical Hall">Philosophical Hall</a> </div> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philosophical_Hall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philosophical Hall">Philosophical Hall</a>, at 104 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, between <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chestnut_Street_(Philadelphia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chestnut Street (Philadelphia)">Chestnut</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Walnut_Street_(Philadelphia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Walnut Street (Philadelphia)">Walnut</a> Streets, immediately south of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Old_City_Hall_(Philadelphia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Old City Hall (Philadelphia)">Old City Hall</a>, was built in 1785–1789 to house the society and designed by Samuel Vaughan in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federal_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federal architecture">Federal style</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-philarchmit_16-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-philarchmit-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A third floor was added in 1890 to accommodate the expanding library, but was removed in 1948–1950,<sup id="cite_ref-philarchmit_16-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-philarchmit-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the building was restored to its original appearance for the creation of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Independence_National_Historical_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Independence National Historical Park">Independence National Historical Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2001, it was opened to the public as The American Philosophical Society Museum, hosting revolving, thematic exhibitions that explore intersections of history, art, and science. The museum features works of art, scientific instruments, original manuscripts, rare books, natural history specimens, and curiosities of all kinds from the APS's own collections, along with objects on loan from other institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Library_Hall">Library Hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Library Hall" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg/240px-American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 180px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg/240px-American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg" data-width="240" data-height="180" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg/360px-American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg/480px-American_Philosophical_Society_Library_Hall_reading_room.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Reading room for researchers at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Library_Company_of_Philadelphia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Library Company of Philadelphia">Library Hall</a> in 2019 </figcaption> </figure> <p>In 1789–90, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Library_Company_of_Philadelphia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Library Company of Philadelphia">Library Company of Philadelphia</a> (LCP) built its headquarters directly across 5th Street from APS. In 1884 LCP sold its building, which was demolished for the expansion of the Drexel & Company Building in 1887. This building was demolished in the mid-1950s, during the creation of Independence National Historical Park.</p> <p>APS built a library on the site in 1958 and recreated the façade of the old LCP building.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Benjamin_Franklin_Hall">Benjamin Franklin Hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Benjamin Franklin Hall" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>APS restored the former Farmers' & Mechanics' Bank building at 425–29 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chestnut_Street_(Philadelphia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chestnut Street (Philadelphia)">Chestnut Street</a>, which was built in 1854–55 to the design of John M. Gries in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italianate_architecture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italianate architecture">Italianate style</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to serve as a lecture hall. It is the site of meetings and most major events the society hosts.<sup id="cite_ref-apsdir_20-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-apsdir-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Richardson_Hall">Richardson Hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Richardson Hall" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constance_Coleman_Richardson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constance Coleman Richardson">Constance C.</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edgar_Preston_Richardson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edgar Preston Richardson">Edgar P. Richardson</a> Hall at 431 Chestnut Street, immediately west of Benjamin Franklin Hall, is the former Pennsylvania Company for Insurances on Lives and Granting Annuities Building, which was built in 1871–1873 and designed by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Addison_Hutton?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Addison Hutton">Addison Hutton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It contains offices and the Consortium for History of Science, Technology and Medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-apsdir_20-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-apsdir-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Gallery" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 280px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior of Philosophical Hall, c. 1901–02"> <noscript> <img alt="Interior of Philosophical Hall, c. 1901–02" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png/218px-PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png" decoding="async" width="218" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1405" data-file-height="1610"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 218px;height: 250px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png/218px-PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png" data-alt="Interior of Philosophical Hall, c. 1901–02" data-width="218" data-height="250" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png/327px-PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png/436px-PSM_V60_D442_Place_of_meeting_in_the_building_of_the_society.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Interior of Philosophical Hall, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1901–02</span> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 280px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Benjamin Franklin Hall in 2013"> <noscript> <img alt="Benjamin Franklin Hall in 2013" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg/204px-Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="204" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2377" data-file-height="2908"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 204px;height: 250px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg/204px-Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg" data-alt="Benjamin Franklin Hall in 2013" data-width="204" data-height="250" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg/306px-Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg/409px-Farmers%27_%26_Mechanics%27_Bank_427_Chestnut_Street.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Benjamin Franklin Hall in 2013 </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 280px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Richardson Hall in 2013"> <noscript> <img alt="Richardson Hall in 2013" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg/159px-Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="159" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2041" data-file-height="3205"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 159px;height: 250px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg/159px-Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg" data-alt="Richardson Hall in 2013" data-width="159" data-height="250" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg/239px-Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg/318px-Pennsylvania_Company_for_Insurances_on_Lives_and_Granting_Annuities_431_Chestnut_Street.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Richardson Hall in 2013 </div></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Citations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nris-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nris_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/66000675">"National Register Information System – (#66000675)"</a>. <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a></i>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Park_Service?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. January 23, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places&rft.atitle=National+Register+Information+System+%E2%80%93+%28%26%23035%3B66000675%29&rft.date=2007-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgallery.nps.gov%2FAssetDetail%2FNRIS%2F66000675&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Duer, William Alexander. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/stream/lifeofwilliamale00duerw%23page/4/mode/2up"><i>The life of William Alexander, Earl of Stirling, Major-General in the Army of the United States during the Revolution</i></a> New York: Wiley & Putnam for the New Jersey Historical Society, 1847. p.5</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/biography/14388.html">"Philip Syng, Jr."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928122446/http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/biography/14388.html">Archived</a> September 28, 2018, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved December 31, 2015.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-AAA-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-AAA_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/american-philosophical-society-selected-records-10947">"American Philosophical Society selected records, 1784–1954"</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Archives_of_American_Art?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Archives of American Art">Archives of American Art</a>. 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927115401/https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/american-philosophical-society-selected-records-10947">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+Philosophical+Society+selected+records%2C+1784%E2%80%931954&rft.pub=Archives+of+American+Art&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaa.si.edu%2Fcollections%2Famerican-philosophical-society-selected-records-10947&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodrich1974" class="citation book cs1">Goodrich, Carter (1974). <i>Government Promotion of American Canals and Railroads, 1800–1890</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Philosophical+Society&rft.atitle=Elected+Members&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amphilsoc.org%2Felected-members&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search">"American Philosophical Society Member History"</a>. <i>American Philosophical Society</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20220917083910/https://search.amphilsoc.org//memhist/search">Archived</a> from the original on September 17, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 7,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=indigenousguide.amphilsoc.org&rft.atitle=Home+%7C+Guide+to+the+Indigenous+Materials+at+the+American+Philosophical+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findigenousguide.amphilsoc.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1989" class="citation journal cs1">Smith, Murphy D. (December 1, 1989). "Manuscript Collecting at the American Philosophical Society: The First 101 Years". <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Journal_of_the_History_of_Collections?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Journal of the History of Collections">Journal of the History of Collections</a></i>. <b>1</b> (2): 197–206. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093%252FJHC%252F1.2.197">10.1093/JHC/1.2.197</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+History+of+Collections&rft.atitle=Manuscript+Collecting+at+the+American+Philosophical+Society%3A+The+First+101+Years&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=197-206&rft.date=1989-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2FJHC%2F1.2.197&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Murphy+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallery2004" class="citation cs2">Gallery, John Andrew, ed. 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(1981), <i>Architecture in Philadelphia: A Guide</i>, Cambridge, Massachusetts: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MIT_Press?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="MIT Press">MIT Press</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/0262700212?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/0262700212"><bdi>0262700212</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Architecture+in+Philadelphia%3A+A+Guide&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0262700212&rft.aulast=Teitelman&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.au=Longstreth%2C+Richard+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span>, p. 30</span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Webster, <i>Philadelphia Preserved</i> (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1976), p. 92.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.artinfo.com/galleryguide/22252/8770/about/american-philosophical-society-philadelphia/">"American Philosophical Society Museum: About"</a>. ARTINFO. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=American+Philosophical+Society+Museum%3A+About&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.artinfo.com%2Fgalleryguide%2F22252%2F8770%2Fabout%2Famerican-philosophical-society-philadelphia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:Cite_journal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:CS1_errors?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2016">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallery2004" class="citation cs2">Gallery, John Andrew, ed. (2004), <i>Philadelphia Architecture: A Guide to the City</i> (2nd ed.), Philadelphia: Foundation for Architecture, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/0962290815?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/0962290815"><bdi>0962290815</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philadelphia+Architecture%3A+A+Guide+to+the+City&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Foundation+for+Architecture&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0962290815&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span>, pp. 55–56</span></li> <li id="cite_note-apsdir-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-apsdir_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-apsdir_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.amphilsoc.org/about/directions">"Directions"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604120817/http://www.amphilsoc.org/about/directions">Archived</a> June 4, 2013, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on the APS website</span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallery2004" class="citation cs2">Gallery, John Andrew, ed. (2004), <i>Philadelphia Architecture: A Guide to the City</i> (2nd ed.), Philadelphia: Foundation for Architecture, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/0962290815?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/0962290815"><bdi>0962290815</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philadelphia+Architecture%3A+A+Guide+to+the+City&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Foundation+for+Architecture&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0962290815&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span>, p.64</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="General_and_cited_sources">General and cited sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: General and cited sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Further information: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibliography_of_Benjamin_Franklin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliography of Benjamin Franklin">Bibliography of Benjamin Franklin</a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style> <div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames1971" class="citation book cs1">James, Edward T. (1971). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/notableamericanw02jame_0"><i>Notable American Women, 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary</i></a></span>. Harvard University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/notableamericanw02jame_0/page/26">26</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-62734-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-62734-5"><bdi>978-0-674-62734-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+American+Women%2C+1607%E2%80%931950%3A+A+Biographical+Dictionary&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=978-0-674-62734-5&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Edward+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnotableamericanw02jame_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Philosophical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style> <div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"> <span class="noviewer" 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/American_Philosophical_Society,_The" class="extiw" title="s:The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/American Philosophical Society, The">The American Philosophical Society</a></b></i>. </div> </div> </div> <ul> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://amphilsoc.org/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.inphoproject.org/journal/journal">American Philosophical Society</a> at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indiana_Philosophy_Ontology_Project?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiana Philosophy Ontology Project">Indiana Philosophy Ontology Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.dianepublishing.net/American_Philosophical_Society_s/460.htm">American Philosophical Society publications</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110052759/http://www.dianepublishing.net/American_Philosophical_Society_s/460.htm">Archived</a> January 10, 2023, at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060630192200/http://www.scholarly-societies.org/history/1743aps.html">Notes on the American Philosophical Society from the Scholarly Societies project</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> copy)</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heritage_Documentation_Programs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Historic_American_Buildings_Survey" title="Heritage Documentation Programs">Historic American Buildings Survey</a> (HABS) No. PA-1464, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://loc.gov/pictures/item/pa1081/">American Philosophical Society</a>"</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/pj_display.cfm/19493">Listing of Philosophical Hall</a> at Philadelphia Architects and Buildings</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/163159-1">"Writings of Benjamin Franklin", broadcast from the American Philosophical Society</a> from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C-SPAN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a>'s <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Writers:_A_Journey_Through_History?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Writers: A Journey Through History">American Writers</a></i></li> </ul> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DAmerican_Philosophical_Society%26oldid%3D1256702705">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&oldid=1256702705</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=American_Philosophical_Society&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Scu ba" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1731301575"> <span>Last edited on 11 November 2024, at 05:06</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A3%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D9%2583%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9_%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D9%2581%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D9%2581%25D8%25A9" title="الجمعية الأمريكية للفلسفة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الجمعية الأمريكية للفلسفة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socied%25C3%25A1_Filos%25C3%25B3fica_Americana" title="Sociedá Filosófica Americana – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sociedá Filosófica Americana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B5_%25D1%2584%25D1%2596%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B5_%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Амерыканскае філасофскае таварыства – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амерыканскае філасофскае таварыства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societat_Filos%25C3%25B2fica_Americana" title="Societat Filosòfica Americana – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Societat Filosòfica Americana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Gymdeithas_Athronyddol_Americanaidd" title="Y Gymdeithas Athronyddol Americanaidd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Gymdeithas Athronyddol Americanaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_Filosoofiaselts" title="Ameerika Filosoofiaselts – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ameerika Filosoofiaselts" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usona_Filozofia_Societo" title="Usona Filozofia Societo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Usona Filozofia Societo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D9%2586_%25D9%2581%25DB%258C%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D9%2581%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586_%25D8%25A2%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7" title="انجمن فیلسوفان آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انجمن فیلسوفان آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%25C3%25A9t%25C3%25A9_am%25C3%25A9ricaine_de_philosophie" title="Société américaine de philosophie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Société américaine de philosophie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comann_Aimeireaganach_na_Feallsanachd" title="Comann Aimeireaganach na Feallsanachd – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Comann Aimeireaganach na Feallsanachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25AF%25B8%25EA%25B5%25AD%25EC%25B2%25A0%25ED%2595%2599%25ED%2595%2599%25ED%259A%258C" title="미국철학학회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국철학학회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2594%25D7%2597%25D7%2591%25D7%25A8%25D7%2594_%25D7%2594%25D7%25A4%25D7%2599%25D7%259C%25D7%2595%25D7%25A1%25D7%2595%25D7%25A4%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA_%25D7%2594%25D7%2590%25D7%259E%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA" title="החברה הפילוסופית האמריקאית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="החברה הפילוסופית האמריקאית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societas_Philosophica_Americana" title="Societas Philosophica Americana – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Societas Philosophica Americana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D9%258A%25D9%2587_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D9%2583%25D9%258A%25D9%2587_%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D9%2581%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D9%2581%25D9%2587" title="الجمعيه الامريكيه للفلسفه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الجمعيه الامريكيه للفلسفه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25A2%25E3%2583%25A1%25E3%2583%25AA%25E3%2582%25AB%25E5%2593%25B2%25E5%25AD%25A6%25E5%258D%2594%25E4%25BC%259A" title="アメリカ哲学協会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ哲学協会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameryka%25C5%2584skie_Towarzystwo_Filozoficzne" title="Amerykańskie Towarzystwo Filozoficzne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amerykańskie Towarzystwo Filozoficzne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D1%2584%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D1%2589%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE" title="Американское философское общество – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Американское философское общество" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="American Philosophical Society" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikan_Felsefe_Toplulu%25C4%259Fu" title="Amerikan Felsefe Topluluğu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amerikan Felsefe Topluluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5_%25D1%2584%25D1%2596%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584%25D1%2581%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5_%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE" title="Американське філософське товариство – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Американське філософське товариство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%25BE%258E%25E5%259C%258B%25E5%2593%25B2%25E5%25AD%25B8%25E5%25AD%25B8%25E6%259C%2583" title="美國哲學學會 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美國哲學學會" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">This page was last edited on 11 November 2024, at 05:06<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li 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