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Military Academy incident - Wikipedia

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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C9%99rbi_Akademiya_insidenti" title="Hərbi Akademiya insidenti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hərbi Akademiya insidenti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incidente_de_la_Academia_Militar" title="Incidente de la Academia Militar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Incidente de la Academia Militar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> <b>may be too short to adequately <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> the key points</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please consider expanding the lead to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of all important aspects of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Military Academy incident<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">士官学校事件</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Shikan Gakko Jiken</i></span>)</span></b>, also known as the <b>November incident<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">十一月事件</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Juichigatsu Jiken</i></span>)</span></b> was an attempted <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d&#39;état">coup d'état</a> that took place in the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> in November 1934. It was one of a sequence of similar conspiracies for a "<a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_Restoration" title="Shōwa Restoration">Shōwa Restoration</a>" led by radical elements with the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese Army</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Academy_incident&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The failed coup attempts in 1931 (the <a href="/wiki/March_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="March Incident">March Incident</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Colors_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Colors Incident">Imperial Colors Incident</a>) by the <i><a href="/wiki/Sakurakai" title="Sakurakai">Sakurakai</a></i>, a secret society within the junior ranks of the Imperial Japanese Army officer corps promoting a vision of a <a href="/wiki/Militaristic" class="mw-redirect" title="Militaristic">militaristic</a> <a href="/wiki/Totalitarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Totalitarian">totalitarian</a> system as an alternative to the perceived corrupt party politics dominated democratic government, inspired similar plans by other groups within the military. </p><p>In 1934, a group of five <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_Academy" title="Imperial Japanese Army Academy">Imperial Japanese Army Academy</a> cadets led by two army officers belonging to the radical militarist <a href="/wiki/Kodaha" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodaha">Imperial Way Faction</a> at the academy, troubled by the perceived loss of influence of their faction over the military following the dismissal of <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of War of Japan">Army Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Sadao_Araki" title="Sadao Araki">Sadao Araki</a> in January 1934, formulated their own plan for overthrowing the government. However, in early November 1934, Sato, one of the cadets, informed the government authorities about the plan and its Imperial Way Faction involvement. </p><p>Forewarned, Captain <a href="/wiki/Tsuji_Masanobu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsuji Masanobu">Tsuji Masanobu</a>, company commander at the Army Academy, arranged the arrest of the principals by the <i><a href="/wiki/Kempeitai" title="Kempeitai">Kempeitai</a></i> on 20 November 1934, ending the possible coup d'état before it could even get started. For lack of evidence, the accused could not be convicted; but the five cadets were expelled from the academy in March 1935, and the two officers, Muranaka and Isobe were suspended for six months from duty in April 1935. </p><p>When the suspended officers Muranaka and Isobe later distributed pamphlets entitled "Remonstrance for the Restoration of Military Discipline" (otherwise known as "Views on the Housecleaning of the Army"), they were dismissed from the service outright in August 1935. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Aizawa_Incident">The Aizawa Incident</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Academy_incident&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: The Aizawa Incident"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Imperial Way Faction believed that Sato had been acting as a spy for Captain Tsuji all along, and that the whole affair was a trap laid by their rivals, the <i><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dseiha" title="Tōseiha">Tōseiha</a></i> faction to discredit General <a href="/wiki/Jinzabur%C5%8D_Masaki" title="Jinzaburō Masaki">Jinzaburō Masaki</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Inspectorate_General_of_Military_Training" title="Inspectorate General of Military Training">Inspector-General of Military Education</a>, as the incident led to General Masaki's dismissal. </p><p>In retaliation, in what came to be known as the <b>Aizawa Incident</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">相沢事件</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Aizawa jiken</i></span>)</span>, an Imperial Way Faction officer, Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/wiki/Saburo_Aizawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Saburo Aizawa">Saburo Aizawa</a>, assassinated Mazaki's successor, Toseiha faction <a href="/wiki/Major_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General">Major General</a> <a href="/wiki/Tetsuzan_Nagata" title="Tetsuzan Nagata">Tetsuzan Nagata</a> on 12 August 1935, cutting him down with his <a href="/wiki/Katana" title="Katana">sword</a> in his office. Nagata was posthumously promoted to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">lieutenant general</a>, and Aizawa was executed by firing squad after a <a href="/wiki/Court_martial" class="mw-redirect" title="Court martial">court martial</a> held by the <a href="/wiki/IJA_1st_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="IJA 1st Division">IJA 1st Division</a> based in Tokyo. Army Minister <a href="/wiki/Senj%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Hayashi" title="Senjūrō Hayashi">Senjūrō Hayashi</a> was also forced to resign over the affair. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consequences">Consequences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Academy_incident&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Consequences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Military Academy Incident and the Aizawa Incident were indicative of the increasing politicization and <a href="/wiki/Gumbatsu" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumbatsu">political polarization of the Japanese military</a>, and an increasing tendency to resolve political differences through force. The lack of action within the military leadership to suppress these tendencies, and the powerlessness of the civilian elected government over the military were contributing factors that led to the subsequent <a href="/wiki/February_26_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="February 26 Incident">February 26 Incident</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Academy_incident&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Way_Faction" title="Imperial Way Faction">Imperial Way Faction</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Academy_incident&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-No_footnotes plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-No_footnotes" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">list of references</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">related reading</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, <b>but its sources remain unclear because it lacks <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em 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.cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBix2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_P._Bix" title="Herbert P. Bix">Bix, Herbert P.</a> (2001). <i><a href="/wiki/Hirohito_and_the_Making_of_Modern_Japan" title="Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan">Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan</a></i>. Harper Perennial. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-093130-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-093130-2"><bdi>0-06-093130-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Hirohito+and+the+Making+of+Modern+Japan&amp;rft.pub=Harper+Perennial&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=0-06-093130-2&amp;rft.aulast=Bix&amp;rft.aufirst=Herbert+P.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+Academy+incident" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGordon2003" class="citation book cs1">Gordon, Andrew (2003). <i>A Modern History of Japan: From Tokugawa Times to the Present</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-511061-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-511061-7"><bdi>0-19-511061-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Modern+History+of+Japan%3A+From+Tokugawa+Times+to+the+Present&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=0-19-511061-7&amp;rft.aulast=Gordon&amp;rft.aufirst=Andrew&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+Academy+incident" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarries1994" class="citation book cs1">Harries, Meirion (1994). <i>Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army</i>. Random House; Reprint edition. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-679-75303-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-679-75303-6"><bdi>0-679-75303-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Soldiers+of+the+Sun%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Imperial+Japanese+Army&amp;rft.pub=Random+House%3B+Reprint+edition&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.isbn=0-679-75303-6&amp;rft.aulast=Harries&amp;rft.aufirst=Meirion&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+Academy+incident" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSims2001" class="citation book cs1">Sims, Richard (2001). <i>Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Renovation 1868-2000</i>. Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-23915-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-23915-7"><bdi>0-312-23915-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Japanese+Political+History+Since+the+Meiji+Renovation+1868-2000&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=0-312-23915-7&amp;rft.aulast=Sims&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+Academy+incident" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToland1970" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Toland_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Toland (author)">Toland, John</a> (1970). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rising_Sun:_The_Decline_and_Fall_of_the_Japanese_Empire_1936%E2%80%931945" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire 1936–1945">The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire 1936–1945</a></i>. Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8129-6858-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8129-6858-1"><bdi>0-8129-6858-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Rising+Sun%3A+The+Decline+and+Fall+of+the+Japanese+Empire+1936%E2%80%931945&amp;rft.pub=Random+House&amp;rft.date=1970&amp;rft.isbn=0-8129-6858-1&amp;rft.aulast=Toland&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+Academy+incident" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attempted<br />coups and<br />rebellions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-Modern<br />Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kibi_Clan_Rebellion" title="Kibi Clan Rebellion">Kibi Clan Rebellion</a>&#160;(463)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Hoshikawa_Rebellion" title="Prince Hoshikawa Rebellion">Prince Hoshikawa Rebellion</a>&#160;(479)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwai_Rebellion" title="Iwai Rebellion">Iwai Rebellion</a>&#160;(527)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isshi_incident" title="Isshi incident">Isshi incident</a>&#160;(645)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinshin_War" title="Jinshin War">Jinshin Rebellion</a>&#160;(672)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayato_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hayato Rebellion">Hayato Rebellion</a>&#160;(720–721)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujiwara_no_Hirotsugu_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Fujiwara no Hirotsugu Rebellion">Fujiwara no Hirotsugu Rebellion</a>&#160;(740)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujiwara_no_Nakamaro_Rebellion" title="Fujiwara no Nakamaro Rebellion">Fujiwara no Nakamaro Rebellion</a>&#160;(764)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengy%C5%8D_no_Ran" title="Tengyō no Ran">Tengyō no Ran</a>&#160;(939–940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dgen_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hōgen Rebellion">Hōgen Rebellion</a>&#160;(1156)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiji_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Heiji Rebellion">Heiji Rebellion</a>&#160;(1160)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishigatani_incident" title="Shishigatani incident">Shishigatani incident</a>&#160;(1177)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_H%C5%8Dj%C5%ABjidono" title="Siege of Hōjūjidono">Siege of Hōjūjidono</a>&#160;(1184)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennin_Rebellion" title="Kennin Rebellion">Kennin Rebellion</a>&#160;(1201)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dky%C5%AB_War" title="Jōkyū War">Jōkyū Rebellion</a>&#160;(1221)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dch%C5%8D_uprising" title="Shōchō uprising">Shōchō uprising</a>&#160;(1428)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABki_War" title="Yūki War">Yūki War</a>(1440-1441)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakitsu_uprising" title="Kakitsu uprising">Kakitsu uprising</a>&#160;(1441)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamashiro_ikki" title="Yamashiro ikki">Yamashiro Rebellion</a> (1485–1493)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaga_Rebellion" title="Kaga Rebellion">Kaga Rebellion</a> (1487–1488)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honn%C5%8D-ji_Incident" title="Honnō-ji Incident">Honnō-ji Incident</a> (1582)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunohe_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Kunohe Rebellion">Kunohe Rebellion</a> (1591)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rokug%C5%8D_Rebellion" title="Rokugō Rebellion">Rokugō Rebellion</a>&#160;(1603)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimabara_Rebellion" title="Shimabara Rebellion">Shimabara Rebellion</a>&#160;(1637–1638)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keian_Uprising" title="Keian Uprising">Keian Uprising</a>&#160;(1651)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakushain%27s_revolt" title="Shakushain&#39;s revolt">Shakushain's revolt</a>&#160;(1669–1672)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menashi%E2%80%93Kunashir_rebellion" title="Menashi–Kunashir rebellion">Menashi–Kunashir rebellion</a>&#160;(1789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cshio_Heihachir%C5%8D#The_rebellion" title="Ōshio Heihachirō">Ōshio Heihachirō's Rebellion</a>&#160;(1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teradaya_incident" title="Teradaya incident">Teradaya incident</a> (1862, 1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimonoseki_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Shimonoseki Campaign">Shimonoseki Campaign</a>&#160;(1863–1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tench%C5%ABgumi_incident" title="Tenchūgumi incident">Tenchūgumi incident</a>&#160;(1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mito_Rebellion" title="Mito Rebellion">Mito Rebellion</a>&#160;(1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinmon_incident" title="Kinmon incident">Kinmon incident</a>&#160;(1864)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Two_Lords_Incident" title="Two Lords Incident">Two Lords Incident</a>&#160;(1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga_Rebellion" title="Saga Rebellion">Saga Rebellion</a>&#160;(1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinp%C5%ABren_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinpūren Rebellion">Shinpūren Rebellion</a>&#160;(1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akizuki_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Akizuki Rebellion">Akizuki Rebellion</a>&#160;(1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagi_Rebellion" title="Hagi Rebellion">Hagi Rebellion</a>&#160;(1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Rebellion" title="Satsuma Rebellion">Satsuma Rebellion</a>&#160;(1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takebashi_incident" title="Takebashi incident">Takebashi incident</a>&#160;(1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukushima_incident_(1882)" title="Fukushima incident (1882)">Fukushima incident</a>&#160;(1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichibu_incident" title="Chichibu incident">Chichibu incident</a>&#160;(1884)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_era" title="Shōwa era">Shōwa era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_incident" title="March incident">March incident</a>&#160;(1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_incident" title="October incident">October incident</a>&#160;(1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Blood_Incident" title="League of Blood Incident">League of Blood Incident</a>&#160;(1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_15_incident" title="May 15 incident">May 15 incident</a>&#160;(1932)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Military Academy incident</a>&#160;(1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26_incident" title="February 26 incident">February 26 incident</a>&#160;(1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABj%C5%8D_incident" title="Kyūjō incident">Kyūjō incident</a>&#160;(1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsue_incident" title="Matsue incident">Matsue incident</a>&#160;(1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanmu_incident" title="Sanmu incident">Sanmu incident</a>&#160;(1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukio_Mishima#Coup_attempt_and_ritual_suicide" title="Yukio Mishima">Mishima incident</a>&#160;(1970)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Riots and<br />civil disorder</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-Modern<br />Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kakitsu_uprising" title="Kakitsu uprising">Kakitsu uprising</a>&#160;(1441)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dky%C5%8D_uprising" title="Jōkyō uprising">Jōkyō uprising</a>&#160;(1686)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blood_tax_riots" title="Blood tax riots">Blood tax riots</a>&#160;(1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki_incident" title="Nagasaki incident">Nagasaki incident</a>&#160;(1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hibiya_incendiary_incident" title="Hibiya incendiary incident">Hibiya incendiary incident</a>&#160;(1905)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_era" title="Taishō era">Taishō era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rice_riots_of_1918" title="Rice riots of 1918">Rice riots</a>&#160;(1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kant%C5%8D_Massacre" title="Kantō Massacre">Kantō Massacre</a>&#160;(1923)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_era" title="Shōwa era">Shōwa era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shibuya_incident" title="Shibuya incident">Shibuya incident</a>&#160;(1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_May_Day" title="Bloody May Day">Bloody May Day</a>&#160;(1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinjuku_riot" title="Shinjuku riot">Shinjuku riot</a>&#160;(1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koza_riot" title="Koza riot">Koza riot</a>&#160;(1970)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7fc47fc68d‐j4fgs Cached time: 20241128201457 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.464 seconds Real time usage: 0.570 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 687/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 44362/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 289/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 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