CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91356c94e80ffd28',cH: '4l_735vS4_gxHDq9Z6liYTG9O25dusZtBpPLG1rYMgI-1739791603-1.2.1.1-e5nnvJxJFqabM0I3596tfwidD3yUrAOtwzcLDTw10TdkCib_1ImUEYR.piurZ5uC',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Geographical%20Information%20System%20%28GIS%29%20for%20assets%20management&__cf_chl_tk=dSKVkd7yYn5TSREWWdPYENwQIRwApg4XOrD3fsCPKmM-1739791603-1.0.1.1-RAwTD9DKO3wH5Aw9D7dDoD.fHeo7a3IVcyu9jWDxJeY",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739791603',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Geographical%20Information%20System%20%28GIS%29%20for%20assets%20management&__cf_chl_f_tk=dSKVkd7yYn5TSREWWdPYENwQIRwApg4XOrD3fsCPKmM-1739791603-1.0.1.1-RAwTD9DKO3wH5Aw9D7dDoD.fHeo7a3IVcyu9jWDxJeY",md: "v9x5.bjHcrU7VZgeo9rzL5ZxNaO8ACluAZvcqFqDxbs-1739791603-1.2.1.1-rApiIzvFvtXPjC4TnUqqKlt7KNGSz1QgxIUx5VVxfsXfatlWZ6pOiWWiWmS7TrAGFFIlV7l0NM1oHh9j0scNyXFEMvFHkkOo0MBwZGR..P6e5Qd4tFVIdNcA0RwDiJdwJmUUmEFiDOuyOA0WamGSCtg.AdDVGyFw50S2HrT6RWrXdH2zMz3spCwLXVe3BjCfy3KVQoN0xWAfodudb0Z0.BPmXy_qONMFUYYSbN077fBHzf6xllGjR68DT6b6XxQta7a9EnwtV3XGzTf9uYdMHtzKzhi9z2j01IFEdRMQMpgoi_bJJmM36e_9w8omVsCDpRjGyyrsfpMfPjD05wlS1cpcsCle_dI8AR1DwXX84ZkXXVfQNyWIZ8Gt2FGuEZz4VIVrmsdc44LWRIl0RqgAqGqGO0pkEzy5a7jGfzLkrjRyhN5mYpfvKn.VPBaxhrs.l9SEDNTw7Q9iFCE0bhL9NyRqlWxQLr7cyERogcB3qNmG4egBblokNp_Tjl6ykhIRvqXNZ0kAsk91jJSScTRlSdsF5G2zLNl8LJ0FcszMx5iuQdDq.1lxM2Q.l6QgFG_uh3rVwkBruWM52_JAjxLfxlB0YhGL51ISCuM13SU6R9WZ6qX._NHuZtf.IE_I1D9KptXE.EqILqativq6G0988WAr_ePPHQPBHpn.pY0Eo8s3Wx1o84bKILufFu0.zSTLOm0mDT5cuWUbhCVf9u3TcXVdgRlDbsqPLfR9myTSQaJvhcBkCxagkRxgZFsYKotXKKZHWRh88GBMFtv.sjWFxKZ0hs5jo9CjMoP.fXY_y0xHd1cBDqrGZpYfiUPqUNX7VZrGujUzs_u82e9LoKib6wmrtqbdpNPZTmySS90gbOpc_GcKYa9Le4EUuzBADJSn9arGc3oYPzI0Bk.kuAsl2ITMvXi3gp5yTzfVOGQgl.qr6Kp21s_oRwsJy5F3s2amffA7TC7YgdWuWCUVI2XugWoWQz3JLJVigP7j8vzxcl.A0SdoClazV3FF_4PuaSrWIlLsna9Xbw.7e1xj5Xu9cNuC8TRQnyVD1HJSVIOm1SAnezLqs75umtykP_bTxf8bz.j1NKgrRY.XaFPSKptT9L4r14t5LH3iq0cL6dsa8zMWAlMg5ADVa.OnZIjIoF2rBwZOsdzjwOah_AS42uo8Q0GWZuP9VD5l1xMgefQPpw7UmfR0MRPiiWydJq9G.SjZiHcEchZOoEBv_jxTu81NlKvVHZw6Xt9gEyNJkCJPGuMWKQ01WkOxMkf7UXA9_FwARgGFAR03tYQyM4HpBq9WvraZOoZaN80pqod.VHvb2EFOXgiTCAykM444C8BlfSQMbzLLV6rJPPawMgLIs8fyIKZlbfocdnkI4SAvo4k_6K5Xkoa4SWAPWBAnBQMNn6opn5znM9QyFSs12BFWlNrOtFGT8o_Z35ALx1_RXZ3pFdza.ZULRIkgmw0Yftnr5A7O6igeDEBrcUwwctrdWQprN1hOIg6HmOIQ23Hi9sS6UjkuCbQ8QVdfmPU504ltm1pgL00gGuSczQ3_P6IQTCzo44YKB6kQrSTkM0ONLkF64wHZwx6j5WlycrWnOjJU2nfTF2iCbj0DKMWOpKWuzS6.kZO61gOfRk17KWDo0RHySvsKops.WYFmsWGjG53MsFABI4PR9nu88U.6qrjaY1.xsUM7Whwul8LBwZBjoSNf.zQS18vN6BHWJRqkI8B9W7Jl8esuV.FP41QkYQdYrDcDOvnOL0LIM0Httl5BeOAdA.qmE5B5ia1i1wM7u_YUAexb_aT8BHnDtzOGN0oMgDOUfda7lKTXDQ_pG2VPQZFZw_OscVjublu3sed.jHnJBD.ImLEDeTRKg9OMaXerUBdy7CkiEOIRPKd_B3MUd_VwXvL8UeDUyoPcL19SI3fZpYC52bAEom8jOYqCOGNdTK7zTe9LfFMYZjV8PTlWpq2KdjdLBwh8BSmk7kTTD6wXqq.PY08EigMOcJSIbjz01KNddY50V.noa2t6b7S63957lE.2sV08kXyMULB6MqCsWVU_D1CvM3u1obpIRGQk.UMHJbDNSln0jiOtPn0oSpfQeHGkpy3XXnPHECzFEa1nVcCP",mdrd: "UKoU8hrxKrx8tC_EtWTI6c4rOnYopzkFSgboVMzrznI-1739791603-1.2.1.1-PE7bUcBgcmRK78g7fk3CM6Kzo5pLaVH61iRI_gjV6YxBcf9OorGvFvOtgMM5CvIcLEpLkP.rsREeT9pfV63ZakOoP3jhnQlOgJiPLxWIb6sMiII5L19nNS8jSmgGeM1uVp8oVQWyYGeHjF2Ko9BbeiB2CMwyv0p.95dtjYWMVxvNbHdg_d4fV0CDWHyw3KPIHS1fIGdMh9hqHvq3TrrDQRo5_NZIxjgD5cpc39LQsc_yb48YqY3C1GPSUCzUo.DylaYhJDLSflLvjjOrnfR_TZnVGD7LDK10gfSzTfY8sQNr0DKTLG3jgfQ3nEsTC6hxyKxzDm0CTrA4tUnm62s.Jo4nn3sxZZAn3HHiX9XgSUWMlezsPGzubK9m5ExcVyrOqca2q_wOg5xe1hGiJg4TUaie8FIC0P82kg7x2efB0hZrtvAH1zBj.gT9WaUfo95egYnBLoeyeA5hxlbE_wQVs39DelTqU3Z9DtiCTyj9KbrCQurgguTm254JX_KVbXr63vFCNfEQksVT.T45t4y3kuDEo0hb9fR.7Jqex8wrLoZ8FY21W_u5wzGE5tyiVO2wCnmpQCS0Q49S3LhRtvIpOj7qKdFOnHN6V73UomE73AY3Qcvw_eeZemegNMI1P0d2TftqRsvxKvXsBBVX1RQLRR017.szguzYDKpsz5vwFe5Egu63iX13dM9H.FGexDlE3xATsod0UI65rcX559.8Sd5iAR_2U5qzZWGf2KYElfobaU7191ohetY2C9V88pDrwOXRmhT9GSOALO72fswnDvUI6a57m1atYgAtzsgkk8DjIjqaoEdx7ZXVGPdiCggdZpY1KZQ0ADWCYStjVm2Po12I8bhMh5H58MmHFf2wUNJ01LZJLRbdFYQeVY3sTJ9tpuhrCsY.PGwL8bahvMOK8AOHk.vhCFtZBChpwiTI17DqMngqcm0vWB6d8VFgIQovmUDGAmxgdjuISOSgdHWcawEvffr8mpaRZLj.KFWiaHlJ1rKyBM985ygSgG0S3p7bysDzG0nhIPjnmzJHiXVV53sFtLMslf9hiziAl5QycA.sbTO3GGZa78iJLLpz2RShzsaTqjmr4DOIRDM5NSHU9L_D5Q5WNiwYzODd_nUmlCM4gT3mmmDCOs0DXCJjr5jM0TUqdu7IBSfcI9X2xvKomAH1SDTC3k_k_PMHZAW8EsYOT0hSnRisMtgJbzxf8o.gkuT9ajODUULWcK.u2T2MHTYSUW8pR_drEVMlREvTnNVo.duCo1lQx9xzsdL9k_vjmPYgiiXnFOgsYqnnAAs8OylN5jm73_Ay668VtZ02jA4aG6EXfzeupvIg7Eo0uOsTpiPvmT_BKUXObKZXm8ubpsVa418nYnxwuJ.ZETm2OIq.9x9gPPTYn0MlvQqBlfHt3GBgetwijU3RAsruNeTjjQEL9htEGRAY7nrpzpJX2VHAzl6bSk5lv1kHQiimkCEReNLfcTX6OVxchMZBbJMVoADv2kU1g7NXd2hIbxqwj1_6EwQvY2a1u_BcQX69d.m6BEgCl0kTLI9o7Awqe3Y.De.eGuekYx69vJZfHG1QYrVHUcL5FAz5o50hnjHbkaQgF47j9tkDeDzpMAysfWNMVeaT3KouUKvjjsX0HKsiMWGSttZdom6V3CqjPPOoN6mKdKXHrS.xuu.ZSdwjdAwm6QwCdDR6hDx8JfDFuYX7CK9dN8Rk8tzDjt9n7dkNa4jRA5KJBqNTu7bV31jN.TPiV3ODxJAwQf4oZ__T8D.ZYltlay9_NogvrPMcRzRF4LnQmcSV1_HadzTjG2X2E.f.7fR4mgIbOlkMZ3ZivmzhQQ2zYzNeUGhp56EbG_R0ClOWJwRtWcS.r7UOUcHOA112Rd1FoIo7rp6wfzTYl3D9F_kWXRSjLeoX5wIPb.wcLnVWkqwTNbAq1qg0f1a35_B99_lDutiDHRySXX.ilPkxwZg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91356c94e80ffd28';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Geographical%20Information%20System%20%28GIS%29%20for%20assets%20management&__cf_chl_rt_tk=dSKVkd7yYn5TSREWWdPYENwQIRwApg4XOrD3fsCPKmM-1739791603-1.0.1.1-RAwTD9DKO3wH5Aw9D7dDoD.fHeo7a3IVcyu9jWDxJeY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>