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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Povijest_njemačkoga_jezika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povijest_njemačkoga_jezika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Povijest njemačkoga jezika</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Povijest_njemačkoga_jezika-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Povijest njemačkoga jezika</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Povijest_njemačkoga_jezika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Službeni_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Službeni_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Službeni status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Službeni_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Narječja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Narječja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Narječja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Narječja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zemljopisna_raširenost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zemljopisna_raširenost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Zemljopisna raširenost</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Zemljopisna_raširenost-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Zemljopisna raširenost</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Zemljopisna_raširenost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Policentričnost_njemačkog_jezika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policentričnost_njemačkog_jezika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Policentričnost njemačkog jezika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Policentričnost_njemačkog_jezika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Države_u_kojima_je_njemački_glavni_službeni_jezik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Države_u_kojima_je_njemački_glavni_službeni_jezik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Države u kojima je njemački glavni službeni jezik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Države_u_kojima_je_njemački_glavni_službeni_jezik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Države_u_kojima_je_njemački_službeni_jezik_uz_druge_jezike" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Države_u_kojima_je_njemački_službeni_jezik_uz_druge_jezike"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Države u kojima je njemački službeni jezik uz druge jezike</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Države_u_kojima_je_njemački_službeni_jezik_uz_druge_jezike-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Njemački_kao_jezik_manjina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Njemački_kao_jezik_manjina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Njemački kao jezik manjina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Njemački_kao_jezik_manjina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Njemački_kao_strani_jezik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Njemački_kao_strani_jezik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Njemački kao strani jezik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Njemački_kao_strani_jezik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gramatika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gramatika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gramatika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gramatika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povezani_članci" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povezani_članci"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Povezani članci</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povezani_članci-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjske_poveznice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vanjske poveznice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Njemački jezik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 265 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-265" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">265 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Агерман бызшәа – abhaski" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Агерман бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abhaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa_Jeureuman" title="Bahsa Jeureuman – ačinski" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa Jeureuman" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ačinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Германыбзэ – adigejski" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Германыбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adigejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duits" title="Duits – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Duits" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprache" title="Deutsche Sprache – švicarski njemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Deutsche Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="švicarski njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%80%E1%88%AD%E1%88%98%E1%8A%95%E1%8A%9B" title="ጀርመንኛ – amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጀርመንኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_alem%C3%A1n" title="Idioma alemán – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma alemán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9E%C4%93odsc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Þēodsc sprǣc – staroengleski" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Þēodsc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="staroengleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الألمانية – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الألمانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%93%DC%AA%DC%A1%DC%A2%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܓܪܡܢܝܐ – aramejski" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܓܪܡܢܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لألمانية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لألمانية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89" title="لغه المانى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه المانى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="জাৰ্মান ভাষা – asamski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জাৰ্মান ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_alem%C3%A1n" title="Idioma alemán – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma alemán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80" title="Герман мацӀ – avarski" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Герман мацӀ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliman_aru" title="Aliman aru – ajmarski" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Aliman aru" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="ajmarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_dili" title="Alman dili – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Alman dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="آلمان دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آلمان دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Немец теле – baškirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Немец теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Jerman" title="Basa Jerman – balijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deitsche_Sproch" title="Deitsche Sproch – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Deitsche Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuok%C4%ABtiu_kalba" title="Vuokītiu kalba – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Vuokītiu kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Jerman" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon_na_Aleman" title="Tataramon na Aleman – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon na Aleman" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нямецкая мова – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нямецкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нямецкая мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нямецкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Немски език – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Немски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="জার্মান ভাষা – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জার্মান ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%87%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="འཇར་མན་སྐད། – tibetski" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="འཇར་མན་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamaneg" title="Alamaneg – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Alamaneg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Njemački jezik – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Njemački jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro_Jerman" title="Saro Jerman – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro Jerman" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Герман хэлэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Герман хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemany" title="Alemany – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alemany" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A1ik-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Dáik-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dáik-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Девтойн мотт – čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Девтойн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inaleman" title="Inaleman – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Inaleman" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%9B%E1%8F%A5_%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AF%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎠᏂᏛᏥ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ – čerokijski" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏂᏛᏥ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čerokijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%27%C4%97ho%C3%A9seotse" title="Ma'ėhoéseotse – čejenski" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Ma'ėhoéseotse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="čejenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%DA%B5%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="زمانی ئەڵمانی – soranski kurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی ئەڵمانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranski kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tedesca" title="Lingua tedesca – korzički" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Lingua tedesca" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korzički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_tili" title="Alman tili – krimski turski" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Alman tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimski turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bm%C4%8Dina" title="Němčina – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Němčina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niemiecczi_j%C3%A3z%C3%ABk" title="Niemiecczi jãzëk – kašupski" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Niemiecczi jãzëk" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kašupski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%A3%D0%BC%D1%8C%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D1%A9%EA%99%81%EA%99%91%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Нѣмьчьскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ – crkvenoslavenski" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Нѣмьчьскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="crkvenoslavenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BC%C4%95%C3%A7_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Нимĕç чĕлхи – čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нимĕç чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaeneg" title="Almaeneg – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Almaeneg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="preporučeni članak"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tysk_(sprog)" title="Tysk (sprog) – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tysk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaamani" title="Jaamani – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Jaamani" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprache" title="Deutsche Sprache – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Deutsche Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanki" title="Almanki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Almanki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nim%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Nimšćina – donjolužički" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Nimšćina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="donjolužički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%89%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%A9" title="އަލްމާނީ – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އަލްމާނީ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Γερμανική γλώσσα – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γερμανική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted%C3%A8sch" title="Tedèsch – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Tedèsch" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language" title="German language – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="German language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germana_lingvo" title="Germana lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Germana lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_alem%C3%A1n" title="Idioma alemán – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma alemán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksa_keel" title="Saksa keel – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saksa keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleman" title="Aleman – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aleman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_alemana" title="Lengua alemana – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lengua alemana" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="زبان آلمانی – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان آلمانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almankoore" title="Almankoore – fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Almankoore" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksan_kieli" title="Saksan kieli – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saksan kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%27aksa_kiil" title="S'aksa kiil – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="S'aksa kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BDskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Týskt mál – ferojski" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Týskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="ferojski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allemand" title="Allemand – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Allemand" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemand" title="Alemand – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Alemand" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tj%C3%BCsch" title="Tjüsch – sjevernofrizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Tjüsch" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="sjevernofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_todescje" title="Lenghe todescje – furlanski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lenghe todescje" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BAtsk" title="Dútsk – zapadnofrizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dútsk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadnofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ghearm%C3%A1inis" title="An Ghearmáinis – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Ghearmáinis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" title="德語 – gan kineski" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="德語" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anlman" title="Anlman – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Anlman" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gearmailtis" title="Gearmailtis – škotski gaelski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Gearmailtis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotski gaelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_alem%C3%A1" title="Lingua alemá – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua alemá" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A4%D9%86" title="آلماني زوؤن – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="آلماني زوؤن" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alema%C3%B1a%C3%B1e%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Alemañañe'ẽ – gvaranski" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Alemañañe'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B6%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 – gotski" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A8_%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="જર્મન ભાષા – gudžaratski" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="જર્મન ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaanish" title="Germaanish – manski" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Germaanish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language" title="German language – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="German language" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tet-ng%C3%AE" title="Tet-ngî – hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Tet-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%8Clelo_Kelem%C4%81nia" title="ʻŌlelo Kelemānia – havajski" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻŌlelo Kelemānia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="havajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="גרמנית – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרמנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_bhasa" title="German bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="German bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bm%C4%8Dina" title="Němčina – gornjolužički" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Němčina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="gornjolužički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang_alman" title="Lang alman – haićanski kreolski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lang alman" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haićanski kreolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9met_nyelv" title="Német nyelv – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Német nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Գերմաներեն – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գերմաներեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A7%D5%B6" title="Գերմաներէն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գերմաներէն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_german" title="Lingua german – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lingua german" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku_Jereman" title="Jaku Jereman – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku Jereman" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/German" title="German – interligua" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="German" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interligua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Aleman" title="Pagsasao nga Aleman – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao nga Aleman" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Немций мотт – ingušetski" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Немций мотт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingušetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaniana_linguo" title="Germaniana linguo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Germaniana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%BDska" title="Þýska – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þýska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tedesca" title="Lingua tedesca – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua tedesca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84%E8%AA%9E" title="ドイツ語 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドイツ語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joerman" title="Joerman – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Joerman" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/dotybau" title="dotybau – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="dotybau" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Jerman" title="Basa Jerman – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="გერმანული ენა – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გერმანული ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemis_tili" title="Nemis tili – kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Nemis tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_Talmant" title="Tutlayt Talmant – kabilski" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tutlayt Talmant" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Джэрмэныбзэ – kabardinski" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Джэрмэныбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caama_k%CA%8An%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Caama kʊnʊŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Caama kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidoitce" title="Kidoitce – kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kidoitce" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Неміс тілі – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Неміс тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%BA%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%8B" title="ភាសាអាល្លឺម៉ង់ – kmerski" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាអាល្លឺម៉ង់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kmerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆ – karnatački" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="karnatački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EC%96%B4" title="독일어 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독일어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Немеч кыв – komi-permski" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Немеч кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Немец тил – karachay-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Немец тил" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karachay-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8E%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8E%D9%86_%D8%B2%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جَرمَن زَبان – kašmirski" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="جَرمَن زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kašmirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCtsche_Sprooch" title="Dütsche Sprooch – kelnski" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Dütsche Sprooch" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kelnski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_alman%C3%AE" title="Zimanê almanî – kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê almanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Немеч кыв – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Немеч кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaynek" title="Almaynek – kornski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Almaynek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Немис тили – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Немис тили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Theodisca" title="Lingua Theodisca – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Theodisca" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_almana" title="Lingua almana – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Lingua almana" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A4itsch" title="Däitsch – luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Däitsch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Немец маз – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Немец маз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%87%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Немец чӀал – lezgiški" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Немец чӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgiški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutx_(lingua)" title="Deutx (lingua) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Deutx (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duits" title="Duits – limburški" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Duits" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_tedesca" title="Lengua tedesca – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengua tedesca" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaz_tud%C3%ABsch" title="Lingaz tudësch – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lingaz tudësch" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_todesca" title="Lengua todesca – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua todesca" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lial%C3%A9mani" title="Lialémani – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lialémani" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A2%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99" title="ພາສາເຢຍລະມັນ – laoski" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາເຢຍລະມັນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokie%C4%8Di%C5%B3_kalba" title="Vokiečių kalba – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vokiečių kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuoc%C4%AB%C5%A1u_vol%C5%ABda" title="Vuocīšu volūda – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Vuocīšu volūda" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%81cu_valoda" title="Vācu valoda – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vācu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Jerman" title="Basa Jerman – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Basa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Дойчень кяль – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Дойчень кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_alem%C3%A0na" title="Fiteny alemàna – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny alemàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%87_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Немыч йылме – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Немыч йылме" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Tiamana" title="Reo Tiamana – maorski" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Tiamana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maorski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Jerman" title="Bahaso Jerman – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Jerman" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Германски јазик – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Германски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Герман хэл – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Герман хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%9F_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯖꯔꯃꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ – manipurski" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯖꯔꯃꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_%C4%A0ermani%C5%BCa" title="Lingwa Ġermaniża – malteški" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa Ġermaniża" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lh%C3%A9ngua_almana" title="Lhéngua almana – mirandski" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Lhéngua almana" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဂျာမန်ဘာသာစကား – burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျာမန်ဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Немецень кель – mordvinski" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Немецень кель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="mordvinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="آلمانی – mazanderanski" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آلمانی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_germanese" title="Lengua germanese – napolitanski" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Lengua germanese" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BC%C3%BCtsche_Spraak" title="Düütsche Spraak – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Düütsche Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duuts" title="Duuts – donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Duuts" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मनेली भाषा – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जर्मनेली भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन भाषा – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जर्मन भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duits" title="Duits – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Duits" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tysk" title="Tysk – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tysk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tysk" title="Tysk – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tysk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanum" title="Germanum – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Germanum" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allemaund" title="Allemaund – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Allemaund" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejeremane" title="Sejeremane – sjeverni sotski" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Sejeremane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sjeverni sotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9%C3%A9sh_Bich%CA%BCahii_Bizaad" title="Béésh Bichʼahii Bizaad – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Béésh Bichʼahii Bizaad" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemand" title="Alemand – okcitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Alemand" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germuanien_kieli" title="Germuanien kieli – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Germuanien kieli" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Немыцаг æвзаг – osetski" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Немыцаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਜਰਮਨ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਰਮਨ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salitan_Alemano" title="Salitan Alemano – pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Salitan Alemano" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alem%C3%A1n" title="Alemán – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Alemán" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemant" title="Alemant – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Alemant" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schtandard-Deitsch" title="Schtandard-Deitsch – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Schtandard-Deitsch" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprache" title="Deutsche Sprache – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Deutsche Sprache" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jirman" title="Jirman – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Jirman" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_niemiecki" title="Język niemiecki – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język niemiecki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_ted%C3%ABsca" title="Lenga tedësca – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga tedësca" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="جرمن بولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جرمن بولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="جرمني ژبه – paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جرمني ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_alem%C3%A3" title="Língua alemã – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua alemã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliman_simi" title="Aliman simi – kečuanski" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Aliman simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tudestga" title="Lingua tudestga – retoromanski" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua tudestga" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jermanikani_chib" title="Jermanikani chib – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Jermanikani chib" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_german%C4%83" title="Limba germană – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba germană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_gherm%C3%A3nesc%C3%A3" title="Limba ghermãnescã – aromunski" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Limba ghermãnescã" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8nga_tedesche" title="Lènga tedesche – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Lènga tedesche" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobri članak"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Немецкий язык – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Немецкий язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%97%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Нїмецькый язык – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Нїмецькый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikidage" title="Ikidage – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikidage" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मनभाषा – sanskrtski" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जर्मनभाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrtski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%81_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Ньиэмэс тыла – jakutski" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ньиэмэс тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – santalski" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_tedesca" title="Limba tedesca – sardski" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba tedesca" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tidesca" title="Lingua tidesca – sicilijski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua tidesca" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_leid" title="German leid – škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="German leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="جرمن ٻولي – sindski" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جرمن ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duiskkagiella" title="Duiskkagiella – sjeverni sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Duiskkagiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sjeverni sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Njemački jezik – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Njemački jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_Talimant" title="Tutlayt Talimant – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tutlayt Talimant" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ජර්මානු භාෂාව – sinhaleški" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජර්මානු භාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhaleški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language" title="German language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="German language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nem%C4%8Dina" title="Nemčina – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nemčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nem%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Nemščina – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nemščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa%CA%BBa_Siamani" title="Faʻa Siamani – samoanski" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Faʻa Siamani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksakiel%C3%A2" title="Saksakielâ – inari sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Saksakielâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="inari sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chijerumani" title="Chijerumani – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chijerumani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_gjermane" title="Gjuha gjermane – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha gjermane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Немачки језик – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Немачки језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doysritongo" title="Doysritongo – sranan tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Doysritongo" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADJalim%C3%A1ne" title="SíJalimáne – svati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="SíJalimáne" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="svati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejeremane" title="Sejeremane – sesotski" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Sejeremane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sesotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BC%C3%BCtsk" title="Düütsk – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Düütsk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_J%C3%A9rman" title="Basa Jérman – sundanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Jérman" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="preporučeni članak"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyska" title="Tyska – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tyska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kijerumani" title="Kijerumani – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kijerumani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjymjecko_godka" title="Mjymjecko godka – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Mjymjecko godka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="இடாய்ச்சு மொழி – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இடாய்ச்சு மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="జర్మన్ భాష – teluški" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జర్మన్ భాష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lia-alemaun" title="Lia-alemaun – tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Lia-alemaun" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони олмонӣ – tadžički" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони олмонӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ภาษาเยอรมัน – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาเยอรมัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_dili" title="Alman dili – turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Alman dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Aleman" title="Wikang Aleman – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Aleman" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almani_zyvon" title="Almani zyvon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Almani zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejeremane" title="Sejeremane – cvana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Sejeremane" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="cvana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Jeman" title="Tok Jeman – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Tok Jeman" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanca" title="Almanca – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Almanca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alman_tele" title="Alman tele – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Alman tele" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Heremani" title="Reo Heremani – tahićanski" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Reo Heremani" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="tahićanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Немец дыл – tuvinski" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Немец дыл" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Немец кыл – udmurtski" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Немец кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%90%D9%85%D9%89%D8%B3_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="نېمىس تىلى – ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="نېمىس تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Німецька мова – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Німецька мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جرمن زبان – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جرمن زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemis_tili" title="Nemis tili – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nemis tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_todesca" title="Łéngua todesca – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua todesca" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksan_kel%27" title="Saksan kel' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Saksan kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c" title="Tiếng Đức – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Đức" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duuts" title="Duuts – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Duuts" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deut%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Deutänapük – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Deutänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almand_(lingaedje)" title="Almand (lingaedje) – valonski" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Almand (lingaedje)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inaleman" title="Inaleman – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Inaleman" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="德语 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="德语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD" title="Немшин келн – kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Немшин келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiJamani" title="IsiJamani – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IsiJamani" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="გერმანული ნინა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გერმანული ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A9" title="דייטש – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דייטש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_Germany" title="Èdè Germany – jorupski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Germany" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorupski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vah_Dwzgoz" title="Vah Dwzgoz – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vah Dwzgoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duuts" title="Duuts – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Duuts" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ – standardni marokanski tamašek" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standardni marokanski tamašek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="德语 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="德语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" title="德語 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="德語" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tek-g%C3%AD" title="Tek-gí – min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tek-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87" title="德文 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="德文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiJalimani" title="IsiJalimani – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiJalimani" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Pogledaj sadržaj [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Razgovor:Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" rel="discussion" title="Razgovorna stranica [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">hrvatski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Pogledi"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span>Čitaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kôd ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kôd</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=history" title="Ranije izmjene na ovoj stranici [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vidi povijest</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pomagala" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pomagala</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Pomagala</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Više mogućnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik"><span>Čitaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kôd ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kôd</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=history"><span>Vidi povijest</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Razno </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovamo/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Popis svih stranica koje sadrže poveznice na ovu stranicu [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Što vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_promjene/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" rel="nofollow" title="Nedavne promjene na stranicama koje su povezane s navedenom stranicom [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane promjene</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Upload" title="Postavi datoteke [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Postavi datoteku</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Posebne_stranice" title="Popis svih posebnih stranica [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne stranice</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&oldid=6943525" title="Trajna poveznica na ovu verziju stranice"><span>Trajna poveznica</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=info" title="Više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Podatci o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&id=6943525&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacije o tome kako citirati ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj ovu stranicu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Skra%C4%87iva%C4%8D_adresa&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNjema%25C4%258Dki_jezik"><span>Skraćeni URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNjema%25C4%258Dki_jezik"><span>Preuzmi QR kôd</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ispis/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Zbirka&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Njema%C4%8Dki+jezik"><span>Stvori knjigu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=show-download-screen"><span>Preuzmi kao PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&printable=yes" title="Inačica za ispis ove stranice [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Inačica za ispis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikimedijini projekti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:German_language" hreflang="en"><span>Zajednički poslužitelj</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibooks mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikibooks.org/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" hreflang="hr"><span>Wikiknjige</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikifunctions mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Z1430" hreflang="en"><span>Wikifunctions</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188" title="Poveznica na stavku na projektu Wikipodatci [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Stavka na Wikipodatcima</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0em 0em 1em 1em; width: 275px; font-size:100%; border-right-width:1px; border-bottom-width:1px;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #daefff; font-size:110%"><b>Njemački jezik</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #daefff; font-size:120%"><small>Deutsch</small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b><a href="/wiki/Dr%C5%BEava" title="Država">Države</a></b></small> </td> <td><small><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/24px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/36px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/48px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">Njemačka</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">Švicarska</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/24px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/36px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/48px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija">Austrija</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lihten%C5%A1tajn" title="Lihtenštajn"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/24px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/36px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/48px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lihten%C5%A1tajn" title="Lihtenštajn">Lihtenštajn</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/24px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/36px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/48px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg">Luksemburg</a></small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b><a href="/wiki/Regija" class="mw-redirect" title="Regija">Regije</a></b></small> </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a></small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b>Govornici</b></small> </td> <td><small>90 milijuna <span style="font-size:85%;">(materinski)</span><br />80 – 85 milijuna <span style="font-size:85%;">(strani, 2014.)</span></small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b><a href="/wiki/Popis_jezika_po_broju_govornika" title="Popis jezika po broju govornika">Rang</a></b></small> </td> <td><small>11.</small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b><a href="/wiki/Jezi%C4%8Dna_porodica" title="Jezična porodica">Razredba</a></b></small></td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Indoeuropski_jezici" title="Indoeuropski jezici">indoeuropski</a><br />  <a href="/wiki/Germanski_jezici" title="Germanski jezici">germanski</a><br />  <a href="/wiki/Zapadnogermanski_jezici" title="Zapadnogermanski jezici">zapadnogermanski</a><br />   <b>njemački</b></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #daefff; font-size:100%;"><small><b>Službeni status</b></small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b>Služben</b></small> </td> <td><small><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Europska_unija" title="Europska unija"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/24px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/36px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/48px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Europska_unija" title="Europska unija">EU</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/24px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/36px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/48px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">Njemačka</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lihten%C5%A1tajn" title="Lihtenštajn"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/24px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/36px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/48px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lihten%C5%A1tajn" title="Lihtenštajn">Lihtenštajn</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/24px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/36px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/48px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija">Austrija</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/24px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/36px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/48px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg">Luksemburg</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">Švicarska</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgija" title="Belgija"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/36px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/48px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgija" title="Belgija">Belgija</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/21px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/42px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Danska" title="Južna Danska">Južna Danska</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italija" title="Italija"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/24px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/36px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/48px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Autonomna_pokrajina_Bocen" title="Autonomna pokrajina Bocen">Južni Tirol</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/36px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gornja_%C5%A0leska" title="Gornja Šleska">Gornja Šleska</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #daefff; font-size:100%;"><small><b>Jezični kôd</b></small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-1</b></small> </td> <td><small>de</small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-2</b></small> </td> <td><small>ger (B) / deu (T)</small> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td><small><b><a href="/wiki/SIL_k%C3%B4d" class="mw-redirect" title="SIL kôd">ISO 639</a>-3</b></small> </td> <td><small><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/deu" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:deu">deu</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:95%; background-color:#daefff"><small>Povezani članci: <a href="/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik">jezik</a> | <a href="/wiki/Jezi%C4%8Dna_porodica" title="Jezična porodica">jezična porodica</a> | <a href="/wiki/Dodatak:Popis_jezika" title="Dodatak:Popis jezika">popis jezika</a> (<a href="/wiki/Popis_jezika_po_kodnim_nazivima" title="Popis jezika po kodnim nazivima">po kodnim nazivima</a>) </small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> <b>Njemački jezik</b> (njem. <i>Die deutsche Sprache</i>, skr. <i>Deutsch</i>) pripada skupini <a href="/wiki/Zapadnogermanski_jezici" title="Zapadnogermanski jezici">zapadnogermanskih jezika</a> i ubraja se među svjetske jezike. Njime govori oko 90 milijuna ljudi u 38 država svijeta.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Slu%C5%BEbeni_jezik" title="Službeni jezik">Službeni je jezik</a> u <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">Njemačkoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lihten%C5%A1tajn" title="Lihtenštajn">Lihtenštajnu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija">Austriji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg">Luksemburgu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgija" title="Belgija">Belgiji</a> i <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">Švicarskoj</a> te jedan od službenih jezika <a href="/wiki/EU" class="mw-redirect" title="EU">Europske unije</a>. Status područnog ili mjesnog službenog jezika uživa u <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazilu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italija" title="Italija">Italiji</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEni_Tirol" class="mw-redirect" title="Južni Tirol">Južnomu Tirolu</a>) i <a href="/wiki/Slova%C4%8Dka" title="Slovačka">Slovačkoj</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povijest_njemačkoga_jezika"><span id="Povijest_njema.C4.8Dkoga_jezika"></span>Povijest njemačkoga jezika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Povijest njemačkoga jezika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povijest njemačkoga jezika"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:AlthochdeutscheSprachr%C3%A4ume962_Box.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/AlthochdeutscheSprachr%C3%A4ume962_Box.jpg/200px-AlthochdeutscheSprachr%C3%A4ume962_Box.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/AlthochdeutscheSprachr%C3%A4ume962_Box.jpg/300px-AlthochdeutscheSprachr%C3%A4ume962_Box.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/AlthochdeutscheSprachr%C3%A4ume962_Box.jpg/400px-AlthochdeutscheSprachr%C3%A4ume962_Box.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="874" /></a><figcaption>Njemačko govorno područje unutar Europe, godine 962. Različiti dijalekti označeni su različitim bojama</figcaption></figure> <p>Naziv <a href="/wiki/Gornjenjema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Gornjenjemački jezik">gornjenjemački jezik</a> (<i>Hochdeutsch</i>), što je danas sinonim za općeprihvaćeni književni i <a href="/wiki/Standardni_jezik" title="Standardni jezik">standardni</a> njemački jezik, u početku se odnosio na sva germanska <a href="/wiki/Narje%C4%8Dje" title="Narječje">narječja</a> koja su u ranom <a href="/wiki/Srednji_vijek" title="Srednji vijek">srednjem vijeku</a> sudjelovala u drugom ili starim gornjenjemačkim <a href="/wiki/Glasovna_promjena" title="Glasovna promjena">promjenama glasova</a> (alemanski, bavarski, istočnofranački, rajnskofranački i srednjofranački, istočnosrednjonjemački = gornjonjemačka i srednjonjemačka narječja = gornjenjemačko narječje). Germanska narječja, koja nisu sudjelovala u tim drugim germanskim <a href="/wiki/Glasovna_promjena" title="Glasovna promjena">glasovnim promjenama</a>, ili su u njima sudjelovali tek neznatno, nazivaju se od ranog novog vremena <a href="/wiki/Donjenjema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Donjenjemački jezik">donjenjemačkim jezikom</a> (<i>Niederdeutsch</i>) (donjosaksonski i donjefranački). </p><p>Riječ »teutsch« (<i>deutsch</i>) razvila se unutar <a href="/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik">latinskog</a> od germanske riječi za narod (<i>thioda</i>, <i>thiodisk</i>, <i>»Volk«</i>) i označavala je jezik naroda koji nije bio latinski, a niti <a href="/wiki/Romanski_jezici" title="Romanski jezici">romanski</a>. Stariji naziv »franački« (izorno <i>fränkisch</i>) za vlastiti jezik prestaje negdje u 9. stoljeću biti sasvim točan kad je s jedne strane <a href="/wiki/Franci" title="Franci">zapadnofranačka</a> vlastela u kasnijoj Francuskoj (originalno <i>Frank</i>reich) prihvatila romansko narječje domaćeg stanovništva, a s druge istočna Franačka obuhvatila i nefranačka plemena <a href="/wiki/Alemani" title="Alemani">Alemana</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bavarci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bavarci (stranica ne postoji)">Bavaraca</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tirin%C5%BEani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tirinžani (stranica ne postoji)">Tirinžana</a> i (Donjo)<a href="/wiki/Saksonci" class="mw-redirect" title="Saksonci">Saksonce</a>. </p><p>Za razliku od susjednih zemalja, za vrijeme cijelog <a href="/wiki/Srednji_vijek" title="Srednji vijek">srednjeg vijeka</a> zemlja Nijemaca je bila teritorijalno razjedinjena i s različitim političkim strukturama, pa su se dugo paralelno jedni uz druge razvijali dijelom vrlo različita njemačka narječja (<a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dko_narje%C4%8Dje" class="mw-redirect" title="Njemačko narječje">njemačka narječja</a>) </p><p>Prvi početak nadregionalnog izjednačavanja narječja pripisuje se <a href="/wiki/Srednjogornjonjema%C4%8Dki_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Srednjogornjonjemački jezik">srednjem gornjenjemačkom</a> <a href="/wiki/Jezik_pjesnika" title="Jezik pjesnika">jeziku pjesnika</a> <a href="/wiki/Dvorske_pjesme" title="Dvorske pjesme">dvorskih pjesama</a> oko 1200-te godine. Dijelom se mora priznati da su pjesnici ulagali napor da izbjegnu samo regionalno razumljiv rječnik kao i glasovne posebnosti narječja da bi omogućili nadregionalnu razumljivost svojih djela. S druge strane, mogući utjecaj dvorskih pjesnika, u situaciji kad je zanemariva manjina stanovništva bila pismena da bi im ova umjetnost elite uopće bila dostupna, se doista mora procijeniti kao minimalan. Početak razvoja novog gornjonjemačkog pisanog i govornog standardnog jezika se stoga može sagledavati tek u procesima nadregionalnih izjednačavanja kasnog <a href="/wiki/Srednji_vijek" title="Srednji vijek">srednjeg vijeka</a> i ranog <a href="/wiki/Novi_vijek" title="Novi vijek">novog vijeka</a>. </p><p>Dok je u većini europskih zemalja standardni jezik proizašao iz narječja njihovih glavnih gradova današnji standardni njemački jezik predstavlja neku vrstu kompromisa između srednje i gornjenjemačkih narječja južno od <a href="/wiki/Benrathska_linija" title="Benrathska linija">Benrathske linije</a>. </p><p>U <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjeverna_Njema%C4%8Dka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjeverna Njemačka (stranica ne postoji)">Sjevernoj Njemačkoj</a> se, prije svega prateći <a href="/wiki/Reformacija" title="Reformacija">reformaciju</a>, kao jezik činovnika i školski jezik nametnuo gornjonjemački nasuprot donjenjemačkom (donjosaksonski i donjofranački). U vrijeme procvata trgovačkih saveza gradova, donjonjemački je bio jezik sporazumijevanja u čitavom području <a href="/wiki/Sjeverno_more" title="Sjeverno more">Sjevernog mora</a> i <a href="/wiki/Balti%C4%8Dko_more" title="Baltičko more">Baltika</a>. I <a href="/wiki/Nizozemski_jezik" title="Nizozemski jezik">nizozemski jezik</a> je donjofranački jezik, pa otuda donjonjemački. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> je <a href="/wiki/1521." title="1521.">1521.</a> preveo <a href="/wiki/Novi_zavjet" title="Novi zavjet">Novi zavjet</a>, a <a href="/wiki/1534." title="1534.">1534.</a> <a href="/wiki/Stari_zavjet" title="Stari zavjet">Stari zavjet</a> na novi gornjonjemački koji se u to vrijeme još razvijao. Jezik korišten u tim prijevodima bio je obojen istočnim srednjenjemačkim, a zbog religioznog značenja Luthera obilježio je čitave generacije. Značaj Luthera u odnosu na nastajanje novog gornjenjemačkog pisanog jezika dugo je bilo precjenjivano. Već u <a href="/wiki/14._stolje%C4%87e" title="14. stoljeće">14. stoljeću</a> se počeo oblikovati postupno sve više nadregionalno izražen pisani jezik, koji se opisuje kao rani novi gornjenjemački jezik. Oblikovanje pisanog gornjenjemačkog jezika je u <a href="/wiki/17._stolje%C4%87e" title="17. stoljeće">17. stoljeću</a> većim dijelom bilo dovršeno. Uklanjanjem tzv. »gomilanja slova« u <a href="/wiki/18._stolje%C4%87e" title="18. stoljeće">18. stoljeću</a> je zaokružena slika pisanog jezika, koja se od tada u svojoj osnovi gotovo da i nije mijenjala. </p><p>Povijest njemačkog jezika se najčešće dijeli na četiri jezične stepenice: </p> <ul><li>750. – 1050.: stari gornjonjemački</li> <li>1050. – 1350.: srednji gornjonjemački</li> <li>1350. – 1650.: rani novi gornjonjemački</li> <li>od 1650.: novi gornjonjemački</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christoph_Adelung" title="Johann Christoph Adelung">Johann Christoph Adelung</a> je <a href="/wiki/1781." title="1781.">1781.</a> objavio prvi veliki rječnik. <a href="/wiki/Bra%C4%87a_Grimm" title="Braća Grimm">Jacob</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bra%C4%87a_Grimm" title="Braća Grimm">Wilhelm Grimm</a> su <a href="/wiki/1852." title="1852.">1852.</a> počeli s izdavanjem Njemačkog rječnika koji je dovršen <a href="/wiki/1961." title="1961.">1961.</a>, ali je od tada prerađen. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Duden_Die_deutsche_Rechtschreibung.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hr/thumb/a/a8/Duden_Die_deutsche_Rechtschreibung.jpg/220px-Duden_Die_deutsche_Rechtschreibung.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hr/thumb/a/a8/Duden_Die_deutsche_Rechtschreibung.jpg/330px-Duden_Die_deutsche_Rechtschreibung.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hr/thumb/a/a8/Duden_Die_deutsche_Rechtschreibung.jpg/440px-Duden_Die_deutsche_Rechtschreibung.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1170" /></a><figcaption><i>Duden, Die deutsche Rechtschreibung</i> (njemački pravopis iz 1996. godine)</figcaption></figure> <p>Tijekom <a href="/wiki/19._stolje%C4%87e" title="19. stoljeće">19. stoljeća</a> njemački je <a href="/wiki/Pravopis" title="Pravopis">pravopis</a> uglavnom normiran. Proboj prema njemačkom »jedinstvenom pisanju« uspio je »Ortografskom rječniku njemačkog jezika« čiji je autor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konrad_Duden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konrad Duden (stranica ne postoji)">Konrad Duden</a> (<a href="/wiki/1880." title="1880.">1880.</a>). U neznatno promijenjenom obliku to je bila podloga za pravopis službeno razglašen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pravopisna_reforma_1901._godine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pravopisna reforma 1901. godine (stranica ne postoji)">Pravopisnom reformom 1901. godine</a>. Tek je <a href="/wiki/1996." title="1996.">1996.</a> godine ponovno došlo do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pravopisna_reforma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pravopisna reforma (stranica ne postoji)">Pravopisne reforme</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Hochdeutscher_Sprachraum.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Hochdeutscher_Sprachraum.png/220px-Hochdeutscher_Sprachraum.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Hochdeutscher_Sprachraum.png/330px-Hochdeutscher_Sprachraum.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Hochdeutscher_Sprachraum.png/440px-Hochdeutscher_Sprachraum.png 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="651" /></a><figcaption>Narječja njemačkog jezika</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_neu.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_neu.PNG/220px-Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_neu.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_neu.PNG/330px-Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_neu.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_neu.PNG/440px-Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_neu.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="646" /></a><figcaption>Raširenost njemačkog jezika, bez baltičkog, povolškog i prekomorskih područja, godine 1910.</figcaption></figure> <p>Od <a href="/wiki/1._kolovoza" title="1. kolovoza">1. kolovoza</a> <a href="/wiki/2006." title="2006.">2006.</a> u njemačkim školama i javnim ustanovama vrijedi novi jedinstveni pravopis. U <a href="/wiki/O%C5%BEujak" title="Ožujak">ožujku</a> je prihvaćen novi pravilnik o pravopisu njemačkog jezika Vijeća za pravopis, sastavljenog nakon sukoba oko pravopisa koji su <a href="/wiki/1996." title="1996.">1996.</a> objavili predstavnici Njemačke, Švicarske i Austrije. Vijeće će pratiti do koje mjere će promjene biti prihvaćene, za što je predviđen dvogodišnji pokusni rok. Nova pravila će prihvatiti i većina <a href="/wiki/Mediji" title="Mediji">medija</a> na njemačkom jeziku, uključujući i <a href="/wiki/Novine" title="Novine">novinske</a> agencije. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Službeni_status"><span id="Slu.C5.BEbeni_status"></span>Službeni status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Službeni status" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Službeni status"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>U <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">Njemačkoj</a> je gornjonjemački: </p> <ul><li>prema § 23 Zakona o upravnom postupku <a href="/wiki/Slu%C5%BEbeni_jezik" title="Službeni jezik">službeni jezik</a></li> <li>prema § 5 Zakona o ispravama jezik notarijalnih isprava</li> <li>prema § 184 Zakona o sudskom postupku utvrđen sudskim jezikom.</li></ul> <p>Posebna pravila vrijede za dansku manjinu u Schleswig-Holsteinu kao i za <a href="/wiki/Lu%C5%BEi%C4%8Dki_Srbi" title="Lužički Srbi">Lužičke Srbe</a> u <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburgu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Saska_(pokrajina)" title="Saska (pokrajina)">Saskoj</a>. </p><p>U <a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija">Austriji</a> je prema članku 8.(1) Saveznog <a href="/wiki/Ustav" title="Ustav">Ustava</a> on državni jezik u mjeri u kojoj ne zadire u prava priznata manjinama. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Narječja"><span id="Narje.C4.8Dja"></span>Narječja</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Narječja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Narječja"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7016135">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_narje%C4%8Dja" class="mw-redirect" title="Njemačka narječja">Njemačka narječja</a></div></i></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_2010.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_2010.png/220px-Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_2010.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_2010.png/330px-Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_2010.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_2010.png/440px-Verbreitungsgebiet_der_deutschen_Sprache_2010.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Raširenost njemačkog jezika, godine 2010.</figcaption></figure> <p>Izraz »njemački« koristi se za narječja Njemačke, Austrije, dijela Švicarske i nekih susjednih zemalja, kao i za govore kolonija i etničkih grupa koje su osnovali Nijemci (npr. Njemački u SAD-u). </p><p>Razlike među njemačkim narječjima su značajne. Samo su susjedna narječja međusobno razumljivi. Za govornika standardnog njemačkog (njem. <i>Hochdeutsch</i>), većina narječja nije razumljiva. </p><p>Njemačka i nizozemska narječja se dijele na <a href="/wiki/Donjonjema%C4%8Dki_jezici" title="Donjonjemački jezici">donjonjemačke</a> i <a href="/wiki/Gornjonjema%C4%8Dki_jezici" title="Gornjonjemački jezici">gornjonjemačke</a>. Ne postoji točan odgovor na to je li riječ o različitim jezicima; međutim, točno je da formiraju narječni kontinuum gdje je svako narječje u tijesnoj vezi sa susjednim, bez obzira je li to gornjonjemački ili donjonjemački. </p><p>U narječjima donjonjemačkog, nije izvršena zamjena suglasnika kao u gornjonjemačkom. Donjonjemačka narječja se dijele na dvije skupine, <a href="/wiki/Donjofrana%C4%8Dki_jezici" title="Donjofranački jezici">donjofranačke</a> i <a href="/wiki/Donjosaksonski_jezici" class="mw-redirect" title="Donjosaksonski jezici">donjosaksonske</a>. Donjofranačka se sastoje iz <a href="/wiki/Nizozemski_jezik" title="Nizozemski jezik">nizozemskog jezika</a> i <a href="/wiki/Flamanski_jezik" title="Flamanski jezik">flamanskog jezika</a>, kojim se govori u Nizozemskoj i Belgiji; donjosaksonska se sastoje iz narječja kojima se govori u njemačkim ravnicama (zbog toga naziv <i>donji</i> – nizinski) i u istočnoj Nizozemskoj. </p><p>Narječja gornjonjemačkog dijele se na centralni njemački jezik i gornji njemački jezik. Središnja njemačka narječja uključuju rajnsko, luksemburško, mozel frankonsko, rajnsko frankonsko, hesensko, tirinško i gornje saksonsko, i njime se govori u sjevernoistočnoj Nizozemskoj, istočnoj Belgiji, Luksemburgu, dijelovima Francuske, i u njemačkoj između rijeke Majne i sjevernih nizina. Standardni njemački se uglavnom zasniva na narječjima srednje Njemačke. </p><p>Gornjonjemačka narječja uključuju alemanski jezik (na primjer švicarski njemački – njem. <i>Schweizerdeutsch</i> ili <i>Schwyzerdütsch</i>), švapski (njem. <i>Schwäbisch</i>), istočno frankonski (njem. <i>Fränkisch</i>), austro-bavarski (njem. <i>Bairisch</i>) jezik. Njima se govori u Alzasu, južnoj Njemačkoj, Lihtenštajnu, Austriji i u dijelovima Švicarske gdje se koristi njemački, kao i Italije. </p><p>Gornjonjemački kojim govore Židovi <a href="/wiki/A%C5%A1kenazi" title="Aškenazi">Aškenazi</a> (uglavnom u bivšem Sovjetskom Savezu) imaju nekoliko jedinstvenih crta, i uglavnom se smatraju zasebnim jezicima (<a href="/wiki/Jidi%C5%A1" title="Jidiš">jidiš</a>). </p><p>Narječja njemačkog kojima se govorilo u kolonijama sliče na narječja njemačkog kojima govore ili su govorili Nijemci koji su tu došli (npr. <a href="/wiki/Pensilvanijski_njema%C4%8Dki" title="Pensilvanijski njemački">pensilvanijski njemački</a> sliči na narječje njemačkog zvan palatinski). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kreolski_jezici_temeljeni_na_njema%C4%8Dkom_jeziku" title="Kreolski jezici temeljeni na njemačkom jeziku">Na temelju njemačkog jezika</a> nastali su neki <a href="/wiki/Kreolski_jezici" title="Kreolski jezici">kreolski jezici</a>. </p><p>U SAD-u, druga generacija imigranata stvorila je novo narječje koji je kombinacija njemačkog jezika s gramatikom i pravopisnim pravilima engleskog. On uglavnom nije razumljiv ni za jedne, ni za druge. Govornici ga nazivaju »američki njemački« (njem. <i>Amerikanischdeutsch</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zemljopisna_raširenost"><span id="Zemljopisna_ra.C5.A1irenost"></span>Zemljopisna raširenost</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Zemljopisna raširenost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Zemljopisna raširenost"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Policentričnost_njemačkog_jezika"><span id="Policentri.C4.8Dnost_njema.C4.8Dkog_jezika"></span>Policentričnost njemačkog jezika</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Policentričnost njemačkog jezika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Policentričnost njemačkog jezika"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Policentri%C4%8Dni_standardni_jezik" title="Policentrični standardni jezik">Policentrični standardni jezik</a></div></i></div> <p>Za razliku od narječja koja nisu standardni oblik njemačkog jezika, postoje i određene nacionalne razlike u samom standardnom njemačkom jeziku, ovisno u kojoj državi se govori. Tako se razlikuju <a href="/wiki/Austrija" title="Austrija">austrijska</a> standardna varijanta njemačkog jezika, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">švicarska</a> varijanta i njemačka. Stoga se u sociolingvistici njemački klasificira kao <a href="/wiki/Policentri%C4%8Dni_standardni_jezik" title="Policentrični standardni jezik">policentrični standardni jezik</a>, kakvi su i svi drugi veći europski jezici. Jezične razlike unutar standardnog njemačkog jezika vidljive su na svim jezičnim razinama, od <a href="/wiki/Leksem" title="Leksem">leksika</a>, izgovora, <a href="/wiki/Gramatika" title="Gramatika">gramatike</a> pa do <a href="/wiki/Pravopis" title="Pravopis">pravopisa</a>. Razlike su kodificirane u zasebnim knjigama i sveprisutne su u svim sferama društvenog života, od državne uprave, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kola" title="Škola">škole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mediji" title="Mediji">medija</a> do privatnog života. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg/220px-Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg/330px-Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg/440px-Legal_status_of_German_in_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="552" /></a><figcaption>Raširenost njemačkog jezika</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Države_u_kojima_je_njemački_glavni_službeni_jezik"><span id="Dr.C5.BEave_u_kojima_je_njema.C4.8Dki_glavni_slu.C5.BEbeni_jezik"></span>Države u kojima je njemački glavni službeni jezik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Države u kojima je njemački glavni službeni jezik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Države u kojima je njemački glavni službeni jezik"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Njemačka</li> <li>Lihtenštajn</li> <li>Austrija</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Lihten%C5%A1tajn" title="Lihtenštajn">Lihtenštajn</a> je jedina država u kojoj je njemački jedini službeni i govorni jezik. Njemačka i Austrija imaju i priznate manjinske jezike. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Knowledge_of_German_EU_map_(2010).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Knowledge_of_German_EU_map_%282010%29.svg/220px-Knowledge_of_German_EU_map_%282010%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Knowledge_of_German_EU_map_%282010%29.svg/330px-Knowledge_of_German_EU_map_%282010%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Knowledge_of_German_EU_map_%282010%29.svg/440px-Knowledge_of_German_EU_map_%282010%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="603" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Države_u_kojima_je_njemački_službeni_jezik_uz_druge_jezike"><span id="Dr.C5.BEave_u_kojima_je_njema.C4.8Dki_slu.C5.BEbeni_jezik_uz_druge_jezike"></span>Države u kojima je njemački službeni jezik uz druge jezike</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak: Države u kojima je njemački službeni jezik uz druge jezike" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Države u kojima je njemački službeni jezik uz druge jezike"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgija" title="Belgija">Belgija</a> (uz <a href="/wiki/Francuski" class="mw-redirect" title="Francuski">francuski</a> i <a href="/wiki/Nizozemski" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizozemski">nizozemski</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luksemburg" title="Luksemburg">Luksemburg</a> (uz <a href="/wiki/Luksembur%C5%A1ki" class="mw-redirect" title="Luksemburški">luksemburški</a> i <a href="/wiki/Francuski" class="mw-redirect" title="Francuski">francuski</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">Švicarska</a> (63 % njemački) (na državnoj razini uz <a href="/wiki/Francuski" class="mw-redirect" title="Francuski">francuski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talijanski" class="mw-redirect" title="Talijanski">talijanski</a> i <a href="/wiki/Retoromanski" class="mw-redirect" title="Retoromanski">retoromanski</a>; u 17 od 26 <a href="/wiki/Kanton" title="Kanton">kantona</a> je njemački jedini službeni jezik, a u još 4 je službeni uz druge)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italija" title="Italija">Italija</a>: samo regionalno u <a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEni_Tirol" class="mw-redirect" title="Južni Tirol">Južnom Tirolu</a> (uz <a href="/wiki/Talijanski" class="mw-redirect" title="Talijanski">talijanski</a> i <a href="/wiki/Ladinski" class="mw-redirect" title="Ladinski">ladinski</a>; u drugim regijama: <a href="/wiki/Aosta" title="Aosta">Aosta</a>: <a href="/wiki/Francuski" class="mw-redirect" title="Francuski">francuski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Furlanija-Julijska_krajina" title="Furlanija-Julijska krajina">Friula</a>: <a href="/wiki/Slovenski" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovenski">slovenski</a>, uvijek i uz talijanski)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska">Danska</a>: u područjima gdje živi njemačka manjiha uz <a href="/wiki/Danski" class="mw-redirect" title="Danski">danski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibija" title="Namibija">Namibija</a> (od lipnja 1984. uz <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">afrikaans</a> i <a href="/wiki/Engleski" class="mw-redirect" title="Engleski">engleski</a>, a od stjecanja nezavisnosti Namibije 1990. više nije službeni jezik)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija">Rusija</a>: priznat je kao jezik komunikacije stanovništva njemačkog porijekla u oba zapadnosibirska Nacionalna okruga Asovo (područje Omska) i Halbstadt (Regija Altaj)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Njemački_kao_jezik_manjina"><span id="Njema.C4.8Dki_kao_jezik_manjina"></span>Njemački kao jezik manjina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak: Njemački kao jezik manjina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Njemački kao jezik manjina"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg/315px-Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="315" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg/473px-Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg/630px-Legal_status_of_German_in_the_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1326" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>Njemački jezik u svijetu</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> 300 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australija" title="Australija">Australija</a> 150 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgija" title="Belgija">Belgija</a> 112 458</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosna_i_Hercegovina" title="Bosna i Hercegovina">Bosna i Hercegovina</a> 20 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> 1 900 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Ce%C5%A1ka" title="Češka">Češka</a> 50 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cile" title="Čile">Čile</a> 40 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska">Danska</a> 20 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonija" title="Estonija">Estonija</a> 3460</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francuska" title="Francuska">Francuska</a> od 1 200 000 elzašana i lotarinžana – potencijalnih korisnika njemačkog – još ih samo mali dio govori domaćim narječjem</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italija" title="Italija">Italija</a> 330 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrvatska" title="Hrvatska">Hrvatska</a> 11 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan">Kazahstan</a> 358 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvija" title="Latvija">Latvija</a> 3780</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litva" title="Litva">Litva</a> 2060</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91arska" title="Mađarska">Mađarska</a> 145.000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavija" title="Moldavija">Moldavija</a> 7300</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibija" title="Namibija">Namibija</a> 30 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizozemska" title="Nizozemska">Nizozemska</a> 47 775</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragvaj" title="Paragvaj">Paragvaj</a> 200 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska">Poljska</a> 50 000 – 120 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumunjska" title="Rumunjska">Rumunjska</a> 70 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija">Rusija</a>: u europskom dijelu 75000, u <a href="/wiki/Sibir" title="Sibir">Sibiru</a> 767 300</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sjedinjene_Ameri%C4%8Dke_Dr%C5%BEave" title="Sjedinjene Američke Države">Sjedinjene Američke Države</a> posebno u Pennsylvaniji, pogledaj tekst <a href="/wiki/Pensilvanijski_njema%C4%8Dki" title="Pensilvanijski njemački">pensilvanijski njemački</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slova%C4%8Dka" title="Slovačka">Slovačka</a> 12 000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina">Ukrajina</a> 38 000</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Njemački_kao_strani_jezik"><span id="Njema.C4.8Dki_kao_strani_jezik"></span>Njemački kao strani jezik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak: Njemački kao strani jezik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Njemački kao strani jezik"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Njemački (gornjonjemački) se kao strani jezik uči u čitavom nizu zemalja; u Europi je poslije engleskog najrašireniji. Posebno često se gornjonjemački kao strani jezik odabire za učenje u <a href="/wiki/Nizozemska" title="Nizozemska">Nizozemskoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skandinavija" title="Skandinavija">Skandinaviji</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Baltik" title="Baltik">Baltiku</a>, u <a href="/wiki/Slovenija" title="Slovenija">Sloveniji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hrvatska" title="Hrvatska">Hrvatskoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska">Poljskoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosna_i_Hercegovina" title="Bosna i Hercegovina">Bosni i Hercegovini</a>, u dijelovima <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska" title="Švicarska">Švicarske</a> u kojima se govore romanski jezici, <a href="/wiki/Srbija" title="Srbija">Srbiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91arska" title="Mađarska">Mađarskoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crna_Gora" title="Crna Gora">Crnoj Gori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makedonija" class="mw-redirect" title="Makedonija">Makedoniji</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bugarska" title="Bugarska">Bugarskoj</a>. Dijelom se u tim zemljama njemački u školama uči kao prvi strani jezik, pa time stoji još ispred engleskoga. U <a href="/wiki/Bjelorusija" title="Bjelorusija">Bjelorusiji</a> se također često u školama uči njemački. </p><p>U drugim zemljama, primjerice u <a href="/wiki/Francuska" title="Francuska">Francuskoj</a> i u <a href="/wiki/SAD" class="mw-redirect" title="SAD">SAD</a>-u, njemački gubi na značenju u korist <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panjolski" class="mw-redirect" title="Španjolski">španjolskoga</a>. </p><p>U Istočnoj Aziji (<a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>) se u 19. i 20. stoljeću njemački koristio kao jezik medicine (umjesto <a href="/wiki/Latinski" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinski">latinskoga</a>). </p><p>Poslije engleskog, njemački se jezik najčešće rabi na <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internetu</a>, a slijede ga <a href="/wiki/Francuski" class="mw-redirect" title="Francuski">francuski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanski" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanski">japanski</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panjolski" class="mw-redirect" title="Španjolski">španjolski</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kineski" class="mw-redirect" title="Kineski">kineski</a>. Više od osam posto stranica na internetu na njemačkom su jeziku.<sup>[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Navo%C4%91enje_izvora" title="Wikipedija:Navođenje izvora">nedostaje izvor</a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gramatika">Gramatika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak: Gramatika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Gramatika"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glagolski_oblici_u_njema%C4%8Dkom_jeziku" title="Glagolski oblici u njemačkom jeziku">Glagolski oblici u njemačkom jeziku</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gramatika_njema%C4%8Dkog_jezika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gramatika njemačkog jezika (stranica ne postoji)">Gramatika njemačkog jezika</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povezani_članci"><span id="Povezani_.C4.8Dlanci"></span>Povezani članci</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odlomak: Povezani članci" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povezani članci"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Policentri%C4%8Dni_standardni_jezik" title="Policentrični standardni jezik">Policentrični standardni jezik</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=deu">Ethnologue (16th)</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjske_poveznice">Vanjske poveznice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odlomak: Vanjske poveznice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjske poveznice"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/">de.wikipedia.org <span style="cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="njemački jezik">(<span style="color:#606060; font-size:80%; position:relative; bottom:0.1em"></span></span></a><a href="/w/index.php?title=De&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De (stranica ne postoji)">de</a>) Wikipedija na njemačkome jeziku</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gfds.de/">gfds.de <span style="cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="njemački jezik">(<span style="color:#606060; font-size:80%; position:relative; bottom:0.1em"></span></span></a><a href="/w/index.php?title=De&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De (stranica ne postoji)">de</a>) Društvo za njemački jezik u Wiesbadenu</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goethe.de/ins/hr/zag/hrindex.htm">goethe.de/ins/hr/zag/hrindex.htm</a> Goethe-Institut u Zagrebu</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ids-mannheim.de/">ids-mannheim.de <span style="cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="njemački jezik">(<span style="color:#606060; font-size:80%; position:relative; bottom:0.1em"></span></span></a><a href="/w/index.php?title=De&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De (stranica ne postoji)">de</a>) Instiut za njemački jezik u Mannheimu</li></ul> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-naslov"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand navbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-variant:small-caps; ;;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Slu%C5%BEbeni_jezici_EU" title="Predložak:Službeni jezici EU"><span title="Vidi ovaj predložak." style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> • <a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Slu%C5%BEbeni_jezici_EU&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Možete urediti ovaj predložak. Prije spremanja provjerite kako će izgledati.">u</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Slu%C5%BEbeni_jezici_Europske_unije" title="Službeni jezici Europske unije">Službeni jezici Europske unije</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bugarski_jezik" title="Bugarski jezik">bugarski</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Ce%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Češki jezik">češki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Danski_jezik" title="Danski jezik">danski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">engleski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Estonski_jezik" title="Estonski jezik">estonski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Finski_jezik" title="Finski jezik">finski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Francuski_jezik" title="Francuski jezik">francuski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Grčki jezik">grčki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hrvatski_jezik" title="Hrvatski jezik">hrvatski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Irski_jezik" title="Irski jezik">irski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Latvijski_jezik" class="mw-redirect" title="Latvijski jezik">latvijski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Litavski_jezik" title="Litavski jezik">litavski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91arski_jezik" title="Mađarski jezik">mađarski</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Malte%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Malteški jezik">malteški</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nizozemski_jezik" title="Nizozemski jezik">nizozemski</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">njemački</a> • <a href="/wiki/Poljski_jezik" title="Poljski jezik">poljski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Portugalski_jezik" title="Portugalski jezik">portugalski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rumunjski_jezik" title="Rumunjski jezik">rumunjski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Slova%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Slovački jezik">slovački</a> • <a href="/wiki/Slovenski_jezik" title="Slovenski jezik">slovenski</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panjolski_jezik" title="Španjolski jezik">španjolski</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedski_jezik" title="Švedski jezik">švedski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Talijanski_jezik" title="Talijanski jezik">talijanski</a></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="1"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zastava Europske unije"><img alt="Zastava Europske unije" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/40px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/60px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/80px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-iznadispod" style=";background:#e8e8ff;" colspan="3"><small><i>Izvor: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europa.eu">Službene mrežne stranice EU</a></i> • <i>Vidi još: <a href="https://hr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Europska_unija" class="extiw" title="wikt:Europska unija">Nazivi EU na raznim jezicima</a></i></small></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-naslov"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand navbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-variant:small-caps; ;;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Predložak:Njemačka"><span title="Vidi ovaj predložak." style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> • <a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Njema%C4%8Dka&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Možete urediti ovaj predložak. Prije spremanja provjerite kako će izgledati.">u</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/24px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/36px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/48px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">Njemačka</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;">Simboli i identitet</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Grb_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Grb Njemačke">Grb Njemačke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zastava_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Zastava Njemačke">Zastava Njemačke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lied_der_Deutschen" title="Lied der Deutschen">Lied der Deutschen</a></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="9"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_grb" title="Njemački grb"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Zemljopis_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Zemljopis Njemačke">Zemljopis</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dke_savezne_pokrajine" title="Njemačke savezne pokrajine">Njemačke savezne pokrajine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_okruzi" title="Njemački okruzi">Njemački okruzi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dodatak:Popis_gradova_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj" title="Dodatak:Popis gradova u Njemačkoj">Gradovi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_autonomni_gradovi" title="Njemački autonomni gradovi">Njemački autonomni gradovi</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klima_Njema%C4%8Dke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klima Njemačke (stranica ne postoji)">Klima</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Popis_rijeka_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popis rijeka u Njemačkoj (stranica ne postoji)">Rijeke</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Popis_planina_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popis planina u Njemačkoj (stranica ne postoji)">Planine</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Popis_jezera_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popis jezera u Njemačkoj (stranica ne postoji)">Jezera</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nacionalni_parkovi_Njema%C4%8Dke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nacionalni parkovi Njemačke (stranica ne postoji)">Nacionalni parkovi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dko_sredogorje" title="Njemačko sredogorje">Njemačko sredogorje</a> • <a href="/wiki/Porajnje" title="Porajnje">Porajnje</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ruhr" title="Ruhr">Ruhr</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bavarske_Alpe" title="Bavarske Alpe">Bavarske Alpe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rajna" title="Rajna">Rajna</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dunav" title="Dunav">Dunav</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Povijest_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Povijest Njemačke">Povijest</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Germani" title="Germani">Germani</a> • <a href="/wiki/Goti" title="Goti">Goti</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vizigoti" class="mw-redirect" title="Vizigoti">Vizigoti</a> • <a href="/wiki/Teutonci" title="Teutonci">Teutonci</a> • <a href="/wiki/Frana%C4%8Dka" title="Franačka">Franačka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Verdunski_ugovor" title="Verdunski ugovor">Verdunski ugovor</a> • <a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dna_Frana%C4%8Dka" title="Istočna Franačka">Istočna Franačka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karolin%C5%A1ko_Carstvo" title="Karolinško Carstvo">Karolinško Carstvo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sveto_Rimsko_Carstvo" title="Sveto Rimsko Carstvo">Sveto Rimsko Carstvo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_prodor_na_istok" title="Njemački prodor na istok">Njemački prodor na istok</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rajnska_konfederacija" title="Rajnska konfederacija">Rajnska konfederacija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dka_revolucija_1848._%E2%80%93_1849.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Njemačka revolucija 1848. – 1849. (stranica ne postoji)">Njemačka revolucija 1848. – 1849.</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_savez" title="Njemački savez">Njemački savez</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sjevernonjema%C4%8Dka_konfederacija" title="Sjevernonjemačka konfederacija">Sjevernonjemačka konfederacija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ujedinjenje_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Ujedinjenje Njemačke">Ujedinjenje Njemačke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dko_Carstvo" title="Njemačko Carstvo">Njemačko Carstvo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_u_Prvom_svjetskom_ratu" title="Njemačka u Prvom svjetskom ratu">Njemačka u Prvom svjetskom ratu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_revolucija" title="Njemačka revolucija">Njemačka revolucija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Weimarska_Republika" title="Weimarska Republika">Weimarska Republika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tre%C4%87i_Reich" title="Treći Reich">Treći Reich</a> • <a href="/wiki/Savezni%C4%8Dka_okupacija_Njema%C4%8Dke" class="mw-redirect" title="Saveznička okupacija Njemačke">Saveznička okupacija Njemačke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Progon_Nijemaca_nakon_Drugog_svjetskog_rata" title="Progon Nijemaca nakon Drugog svjetskog rata">Progon Nijemaca nakon Drugog svjetskog rata</a> • <a href="/wiki/Denacifikacija" title="Denacifikacija">Denacifikacija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_Demokratska_Republika" title="Njemačka Demokratska Republika">Njemačka Demokratska Republika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zapadna_Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Zapadna Njemačka">Zapadna Njemačka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ponovno_ujedinjenje_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Ponovno ujedinjenje Njemačke">Ponovno ujedinjenje Njemačke</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;">Politika i gospodarstvo</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bundesrat" title="Bundesrat">Bundesrat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_kancelar" title="Njemački kancelar">Kancelar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Predsjednik_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Predsjednik Njemačke">Predsjednik Njemačke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hrvatsko-njema%C4%8Dki_odnosi" title="Hrvatsko-njemački odnosi">Hrvatsko-njemački odnosi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hrvati_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj" title="Hrvati u Njemačkoj">Hrvati u Njemačkoj</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nijemci_u_Hrvatskoj" title="Nijemci u Hrvatskoj">Nijemci u Hrvatskoj</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oru%C5%BEane_snage_Njema%C4%8Dke" class="mw-redirect" title="Oružane snage Njemačke">Oružane snage</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gospodarstvo_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Gospodarstvo Njemačke">Gospodarstvo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Promet_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Promet Njemačke">Promet</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobilska_industrija_Njema%C4%8Dke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automobilska industrija Njemačke (stranica ne postoji)">Automobilska industrija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Turizam_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj" title="Turizam u Njemačkoj">Turizam</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dodatak:Popis_sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1ta_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dodatak:Popis sveučilišta u Njemačkoj (stranica ne postoji)">Popis sveučilišta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_u_Heidelbergu" title="Sveučilište u Heidelbergu">Sveučilište u Heidelbergu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Putovnica_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Putovnica Njemačke">Putovnica Njemačke</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;">Društvo, kultura i sport</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Stanovni%C5%A1tvo_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Stanovništvo Njemačke">Stanovništvo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nijemci" title="Nijemci">Nijemci</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Njemački jezik</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kultura_Njema%C4%8Dke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kultura Njemačke (stranica ne postoji)">Kultura</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umjetnost_Njema%C4%8Dke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umjetnost Njemačke (stranica ne postoji)">Umjetnost</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arhitektura_Njema%C4%8Dke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arhitektura Njemačke (stranica ne postoji)">Arhitektura</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_knji%C5%BEevnost" title="Njemačka književnost">Književnost</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Njema%C4%8Dka_kinematografija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Njemačka kinematografija (stranica ne postoji)">Kinematografija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_glazba" title="Njemačka glazba">Glazba</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obrazovanje_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obrazovanje u Njemačkoj (stranica ne postoji)">Obrazovanje</a> • <a href="/wiki/Religija_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj" title="Religija u Njemačkoj">Religija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kr%C5%A1%C4%87anstvo_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kršćanstvo u Njemačkoj (stranica ne postoji)">Kršćanstvo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Katoli%C4%8Dka_Crkva_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj" title="Katolička Crkva u Njemačkoj">Katolička Crkva</a> • <a href="/wiki/Svjetska_ba%C5%A1tina_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj" title="Svjetska baština u Njemačkoj">Svjetska baština u Njemačkoj</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_kuhinja" title="Njemačka kuhinja">Njemačka kuhinja</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija_na_njema%C4%8Dkom_jeziku" title="Wikipedija na njemačkom jeziku">Wikipedija na njemačkom jeziku</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sport_u_Njema%C4%8Dkoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sport u Njemačkoj (stranica ne postoji)">Sport</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_na_Olimpijskim_igrama" title="Njemačka na Olimpijskim igrama">Njemačka na OI</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_nogometna_reprezentacija" title="Njemačka nogometna reprezentacija">Njemačka nogometna reprezentacija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_rukometna_reprezentacija" title="Njemačka rukometna reprezentacija">Njemačka rukometna reprezentacija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka_ko%C5%A1arka%C5%A1ka_reprezentacija" title="Njemačka košarkaška reprezentacija">Njemačka košarkaška reprezentacija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlinski_maraton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlinski maraton (stranica ne postoji)">Berlinski maraton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Turneja_%C4%8Detiriju_skakaonica" title="Turneja četiriju skakaonica">Turneja četiriju skakaonica</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michael_Schumacher" title="Michael Schumacher">Michael Schumacher</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-naslov"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand navbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-variant:small-caps; ;;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Germanski_jezici" title="Predložak:Germanski jezici"><span title="Vidi ovaj predložak." style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Razgovor_o_predlo%C5%A1ku:Germanski_jezici" title="Razgovor o predlošku:Germanski jezici"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Razgovor o ovom predlošku.">r</span></a> • <a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Germanski_jezici&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Možete urediti ovaj predložak. Prije spremanja provjerite kako će izgledati.">u</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Germanski_jezici" title="Germanski jezici">Germanski jezici</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Zapadnogermanski_jezici" title="Zapadnogermanski jezici">zapadnogermanski</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks navbox-podgrupa" style="width:100%;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Anglofrizijski_jezici" title="Anglofrizijski jezici">anglofrizijski</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks navbox-podgrupa" style="width:100%;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezici" title="Engleski jezici">anglijski</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">engleski</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Afroameri%C4%8Dki_engleski_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afroamerički engleski jezik (stranica ne postoji)">afroamerički engleski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Afroameri%C4%8Dki_dijalekt" title="Afroamerički dijalekt">afroamerički dijalekt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jingli%C5%A1" title="Jingliš">jingliš</a> • <i><a href="/wiki/Srednjoengleski_jezik" title="Srednjoengleski jezik">srednjoengleski</a></i> • <i><a href="/wiki/Staroengleski_jezik" title="Staroengleski jezik">staroengleski</a></i>) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fingalijski_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fingalijski jezik (stranica ne postoji)">fingalijski</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kotski_jezik" title="Škotski jezik">škotski</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Stariji_%C5%A1kotski_jezik" title="Stariji škotski jezik">stariji škotski</a></i>) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yola_(jezik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yola (jezik) (stranica ne postoji)">yola</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Frizijski_jezici" title="Frizijski jezici">frizijski</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Starofrizijski_jezik" title="Starofrizijski jezik">starofrizijski</a></i> — <a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dnofrizijski_jezik" title="Istočnofrizijski jezik">istočnofrizijski</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saterlandski_frizijski_jezik" title="Saterlandski frizijski jezik">saterlandski frizijski</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Sjevernofrizijski_jezik" title="Sjevernofrizijski jezik">sjevernofrizijski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zapadnofrizijski_jezik" title="Zapadnofrizijski jezik">zapadnofrizijski</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Donjonjema%C4%8Dki_jezici" title="Donjonjemački jezici">donjonjemački</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Starosaski_jezik" title="Starosaski jezik">starosaski</a></i> — <i><a href="/wiki/Srednjoniskonjema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Srednjoniskonjemački jezik">srednjoniskonjemački</a></i> — <a href="/wiki/Achterhoeks" title="Achterhoeks">achterhoeks</a> • <a href="/wiki/Donji_pruski" title="Donji pruski">donji pruski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Donjosaski_jezik" title="Donjosaski jezik">donjosaski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Drentski_jezik" title="Drentski jezik">drentski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Groningenski_jezik" title="Groningenski jezik">groningenski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dnofrizijski_saski_jezik" title="Istočnofrizijski saski jezik">istočnofrizijski saski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Plautdietsch" title="Plautdietsch">plautdietsch</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vestfalski_jezik" title="Vestfalski jezik">vestfalski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sallands" title="Sallands">sallands</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stellingwerfs" title="Stellingwerfs">stellingwerfs</a> • <a href="/wiki/Twents" title="Twents">twents</a> • <a href="/wiki/Veluws" title="Veluws">veluws</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Donjofrana%C4%8Dki_jezici" title="Donjofranački jezici">donjofranački</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Starofrana%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Starofranački jezik">starofranački</a></i> — <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">afrikaans</a> • <a href="/wiki/Flamanski_jezik" title="Flamanski jezik">flamanski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Limbur%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Limburški jezik">limburški</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nizozemski_jezik" title="Nizozemski jezik">nizozemski</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Srednjovjekovni_nizozemski_jezik" title="Srednjovjekovni nizozemski jezik">srednjovjekovni nizozemski</a></i>) • <a href="/wiki/Zelandski_jezik" title="Zelandski jezik">zelandski</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Gornjonjema%C4%8Dki_jezici" title="Gornjonjemački jezici">gornjonjemački</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Starovisokonjema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Starovisokonjemački jezik">starovisokonjemački</a></i> — <i><a href="/wiki/Srednjovisokonjema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Srednjovisokonjemački jezik">srednjovisokonjemački</a></i> — <a href="/wiki/Alemanski_jezik" title="Alemanski jezik">alemanski</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alem%C3%A1n_coloneiro" title="Alemán coloneiro">coloneiro</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vapski_jezik" title="Švapski jezik">švapski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Walserski_jezik" title="Walserski jezik">walserski</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Bavarski_jezik" title="Bavarski jezik">bavarski</a> (<a href="/wiki/Be%C4%8Dki_njema%C4%8Dki" title="Bečki njemački">bečki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cimbrijski_jezik" title="Cimbrijski jezik">cimbrijski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hutteritski_jezik" title="Hutteritski jezik">hutteritski</a> • <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2cheno" title="Mòcheno">mòcheno</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Donjo%C5%A1leski_jezik" title="Donjošleski jezik">donjošleski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fala%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Falački jezik">falački</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pensilvanijski_njema%C4%8Dki" title="Pensilvanijski njemački">pensilvanijski</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Gornjosaski_jezik" title="Gornjosaski jezik">gornjosaski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hunsrik_(jezik)" title="Hunsrik (jezik)">hunsrik</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jeni%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Jeniški jezik">jeniški</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jidi%C5%A1" title="Jidiš">jidiš</a> (<a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dni_jidi%C5%A1" title="Istočni jidiš">istočni jidiš</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zapadni_jidi%C5%A1" title="Zapadni jidiš">zapadni jidiš</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Kelnski_jezik" title="Kelnski jezik">kelnski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Langobardski_jezik" title="Langobardski jezik">langobardski</a> † • <a href="/wiki/Luksembur%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Luksemburški jezik">luksemburški</a> • <a href="/wiki/Majnskofrana%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Majnskofranački jezik">majnskofranački</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">njemački</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vilamovski_jezik" title="Vilamovski jezik">vilamovski</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Sjevernogermanski_jezici" title="Sjevernogermanski jezici">sjevernogermanski</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks navbox-podgrupa" style="width:100%;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">povijesno:</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Staronordijski_jezik" title="Staronordijski jezik">staronordijski</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Zapadnoskandinavski_jezici" title="Zapadnoskandinavski jezici">zapadnoskandinavski</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ferojski_jezik" title="Ferojski jezik">ferojski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Islandski_jezik" title="Islandski jezik">islandski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Norn" title="Norn">norn</a> † • <a href="/wiki/Norve%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Norveški jezik">norveški</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Staronorve%C5%A1ki_jezik" title="Staronorveški jezik">staronorveški</a></i>)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dnoskandinavski_jezici" title="Istočnoskandinavski jezici">istočnoskandinavski</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Danski_jezik" title="Danski jezik">danski</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jutski_jezik" title="Jutski jezik">jutski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dijalekti_danskoga_jezika" title="Dijalekti danskoga jezika">ostali dijalekti</a>) • <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedski_jezik" title="Švedski jezik">švedski</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%84lvdalski_jezik" title="Älvdalski jezik">älvdalski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dalekarlijski_dijalekt" title="Dalekarlijski dijalekt">dalekarlijski</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gutnijski_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gutnijski jezik (stranica ne postoji)">gutnijski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Skonski_dijalekt" title="Skonski dijalekt">skonski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jemtlandski_dijalekt" title="Jemtlandski dijalekt">jemtlandski</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dijalekti_%C5%A1vedskoga_jezika" title="Dijalekti švedskoga jezika">ostali dijalekti</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dnogermanski_jezici" title="Istočnogermanski jezici">istočnogermanski</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gotski_jezik" title="Gotski jezik">gotski</a> † • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Burgundijski_jezik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burgundijski jezik (stranica ne postoji)">burgundijski</a> † • <a href="/wiki/Vandalski_jezik" title="Vandalski jezik">vandalski</a> †</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-iznadispod" style=";background:#ddf" colspan="2"><small>† – izumrli jezici; <i>kurziv</i> – povijesne inačice; (zagrade) – inačica jezika prije zagrada</small></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Njemački_jezik&oldid=6943525">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Njemački_jezik&oldid=6943525</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorija</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C4%8Clanci_kojima_nedostaje_izvor" title="Kategorija:Članci kojima nedostaje 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