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growth</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: seedling growth"> <meta name="keywords" content="seedling growth"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="seedling growth"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6433</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: seedling growth</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6433</span> The Role of Thermo Priming on Improving Seedling Production Technology (ISPT) in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seed's</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Sani">Behzad Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vida%20Jodaeian"> Vida Jodaeian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to determine the impact of thermo priming on germination of soybean seeds, an experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replications. The factors of studied included different time thermo priming (control, 5 and 10 minutes) through the placing seeds were exposed to oven. The results showed that the effect of thermo priming was significant on germination percentage, seedling dry weight and seedling vigour in P ≤ 0.05. Mean comparison showed that the highest germination percentage (77 %), seedling dry weight (1.39 g) and seedling vigour (107.03) were achieved by 10 minutes thermo priming. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo%20priming" title="thermo priming">thermo priming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling" title=" seedling"> seedling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20production" title=" seedling production"> seedling production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20growth" title=" seedling growth"> seedling growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean" title=" soybean"> soybean</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31615/the-role-of-thermo-priming-on-improving-seedling-production-technology-ispt-in-soybean-glycine-max-l-merrill-seeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6432</span> Effects of UV-B Radiation on the Growth of Ulva Pertusa Kjellman Seedling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HengJiang%20Cai">HengJiang Cai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RuiJin%20Zhang"> RuiJin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JinSong%20Gui"> JinSong Gui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enhanced UV-B (280-320nm) radiation resulting from ozone depletion was one of the global environmental problems. The effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on marine macro-algae were exposed to be the greatest in shallow intertidal environments because the macro-alga was often at or above the water during low tide. Ulva pertusa Kjellman was belonged to Chlorophyta (Phylum), Ulvales (Order), Ulvaceae (Family) which was widely distributed in the western Pacific coast, and the resources were extremely rich in China. Therefore, the effects of UV-B radiation on the growth of Ulva pertusa seedling were studied in this research. Ulva pertusa seedling appearances were mainly characterized by rod shapes and tadpole shapes. The percentage of rod shapes was 90.68%±2.50%. UV-B radiation could inhibit the growth of Ulva pertusa seedling, and the growth inhibition was more significant with the increased doses of UV-B radiation treatment. The relative inhibition rates of Ulva pertusa seedling length were16.11%, 24.98%and 39.04% respectively on the 30th day at different doses (30.96, 61.92 and 123.84 Jm-2d-1) of UV-B radiation. Ulva pertusa seedling had emerged death under UV-B radiation, and the death rates were increased with the increased doses of UV-B radiation treatment. Physiology and biochemistry of Ulva pertusa seedling could be affected by UV-B radiation treatment. The SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity was increased at low-dose UV-B radiation (30.96 Jm-2d-1), while was decreased at high-dose UV-B radiation (61.92 and 123.84 Jm-2d-1). UV-B radiation could inhibit CAT (catalase) activity all the while. It speculated that the reasons for growth inhibition and death of Ulva pertusa seedling were excess ROS (reactive oxygen species), which produced by UV-B radiation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title="growth">growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiology%20and%20biochemistry" title=" physiology and biochemistry"> physiology and biochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulva%20pertusa%20Kjellman" title=" Ulva pertusa Kjellman"> Ulva pertusa Kjellman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV-B%20radiation" title=" UV-B radiation"> UV-B radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47332/effects-of-uv-b-radiation-on-the-growth-of-ulva-pertusa-kjellman-seedling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6431</span> The Effects of Copper and Cadmium on Germination and Seedling Growth of Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) Seeds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Handan%20Ucun%20%C3%96zel">Handan Ucun Özel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halil%20Bar%C4%B1%C5%9F%20%C3%96zel"> Halil Barış Özel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The toxic effects of copper and cadmium on seed germination, seedling, root, shoot length, and seedling dry biomass of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) was evaluated under laboratory conditions compared to control values. Copper and cadmium treatments at 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/l affect seed germination and seedling growth of oriental beech as compared to control. Copper treatments at 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/l concentrations produced significant (p < 0.01) effects on seed germination and seedling length of oriental beech while copper treatment at 150 mg/l significantly affected root growth and seedling dry biomass as compared to control. Similarly, cadmium treatments from 50 to 200 mg/l affected the seed germination, root, shoot length, and seedling dry biomass of oriental beech as compared to control. Cadmium treatments showed an adverse effect on seedlings of oriental beech as compared to copper, copper and cadmium treatments at 200mg/l exhibited the lowest percentage of tolerance in seedlings of oriental beech as compared to control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper" title="copper">copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title=" cadmium"> cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oriental%20beech" title=" oriental beech"> oriental beech</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13800/the-effects-of-copper-and-cadmium-on-germination-and-seedling-growth-of-oriental-beech-fagus-orientalis-lipsky-seeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6430</span> Effect of Extraction Method, Soil Media on Germination and Seedling Establishment of Chrysophyllum Albidum </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peace%20Nnadi">Peace Nnadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research was aimed at using seed extraction methods, soil media and planting density to enhance seed germination and seedling growth of Chrysophyllum albidum commonly known as star apple. The experiment was conducted in two stages, mature, healthy ripe fruits were used and the seeds were extracted from the fruits. The experiment involves the extraction of uniform number of seeds of pulpled and depulped, planted into the various soil media. Result on planting density also showed that Depulped seeds/ seedlings at (p=0.05), recorded significant increase in germination percentage and seedling growth. The finding shows that when seeds are depulped, they enhance germination percentage and addition of poultry manure to the soil media encourages plant growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title="germination">germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling" title=" seedling"> seedling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20media" title=" soil media"> soil media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59745/effect-of-extraction-method-soil-media-on-germination-and-seedling-establishment-of-chrysophyllum-albidum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59745.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6429</span> In vitro Assessment of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) Seedlings Growth and Proline Production under Salt Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Wahid">Amir Wahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazal%20Hadi"> Fazal Hadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Ullah%20Jan"> Amin Ullah Jan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tomato and Cauliflower seedlings were grown in-vitro under salt concentrations (0, 2, 4, 8, and 10 dSm-1) with objectives to investigate; (1) The effect of salinity on seedling growth and free proline production, (2) the correlation between seedling growth and proline contents, (3) comparative salt tolerance of both species. Different concentrations of salt showed considerable effect on percent (%) germination of seeds, length and biomass of shoot and root and also showed effect on percent water content of both plants seedlings. Germination rate in cauliflower was two times higher than tomato even at highest salt concentration (10 dSm-1). Seedling growth of both species was less effected at low salt concentrations (2 and 4 dSm-1) but at high concentrations (6 and 8 dSm-1) the seedling growth of both species was significantly decreased. Particularly the tomato root was highly significantly reduced. The proline level linearly increased in both species with increasing salt concentrations up-to 4 dSm-1 and then declined. The cauliflower showed higher free proline level than tomato under all salt treatments. Overall, the cauliflower seedlings showed better growth response along with higher proline contents on comparison with tomato seedlings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NaCl%20%28Sodium%20Chloride%29" title="NaCl (Sodium Chloride)">NaCl (Sodium Chloride)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EC%20%28Electrical%20Conductivity%29" title=" EC (Electrical Conductivity)"> EC (Electrical Conductivity)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MS%20%28Murashig%20and%20Skoog%29" title=" MS (Murashig and Skoog)"> MS (Murashig and Skoog)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANOVA%20%28Analysis%20of%20Variance%29" title=" ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)"> ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSD%20%28Least%20Significant%20Differences%29" title=" LSD (Least Significant Differences)"> LSD (Least Significant Differences)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16523/in-vitro-assessment-of-tomato-lycopersicon-esculentum-and-cauliflower-brassica-oleracea-seedlings-growth-and-proline-production-under-salt-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6428</span> Influence of Agricultural Utilization of Sewage Sludge Vermicompost on Plant Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meiyan%20Xing">Meiyan Xing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cenran%20Li"> Cenran Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang%20Xiang"> Liang Xiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Impacts of excess sludge vermicompost on the germination and early growth of plant were tested. The better effect of cow dung vermicompost (CV) on seed germination and seedling growth proved that cow dung was indeed the preferred additive in sludge vermicomposting as reported by plentiful researchers worldwide. The effects and the best amount of application of CV were further discussed. Results demonstrated that seed germination and seedling growth (seedlings number, plant height, stem diameter) were the best and heavy metal (Zn, Pb, Cr and As) contents of plant were the lowest when soil amended with CV by 15%. Additionally, CV fostered higher contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b compared to the control when concentration ranged from 5 to 15%, thereafter a slight increase in chlorophyll content was observed form 15% to 25%. Thus, CV at the optimum proportion of 15% could serve as a feasible and satisfactory way of sludge agricultural utilization of sewage sludge. In summary, sewage sludge can be gainfully utilized in producing organic fertilizer via vermicomposting, thereby not only providing a means of sewage sludge treatment and disposal, but also stimulating the growth of plant and the ability to resist disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cow%20dung%20vermicompost" title="cow dung vermicompost">cow dung vermicompost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20germination" title=" seed germination"> seed germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20growth" title=" seedling growth"> seedling growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sludge%20utilization" title=" sludge utilization"> sludge utilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59981/influence-of-agricultural-utilization-of-sewage-sludge-vermicompost-on-plant-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6427</span> Effect of Melatonin on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Catharanthus roseus under Cadmium Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayhaneh%20Amooaghaie">Rayhaneh Amooaghaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoomeh%20Nabaei"> Masoomeh Nabaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, 200 µM Cd reduced relative seed germination, root elongation tolerance and seed germination tolerance index of Catharanthus roseus. The melatonin improved seed germination, germination velocity, seedling length and vigor index under Cd stress in a dose-dependent manner and the maximum biological responses obtained by 100 μM melatonin. However, 200-400 μM melatonin and 400 μM SNP had negative effects that evidenced as lower germination indices and poor establishment of seedlings. The cadmium suppressed amylase activity and contents of soluble and reducing sugars in germinating seeds, thereby reduced seed germination and subsequent seedling growth whereas increased electrolyte leakage. These Cd-induced inhibitory effects were ameliorated by melatonin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title="cadmium">cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catharanthus%20roseus" title=" Catharanthus roseus"> Catharanthus roseus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melatonin" title=" melatonin"> melatonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20germination" title=" seed germination"> seed germination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89087/effect-of-melatonin-on-seed-germination-and-seedling-growth-of-catharanthus-roseus-under-cadmium-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6426</span> Seedling Emergence and Initial Growth of Different Plants after Trichoderma sp. Inoculation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simonida%20S.%20Djuric">Simonida S. Djuric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timea%20I.%20Hajnal%20Jafari"> Timea I. Hajnal Jafari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dragana%20R.%20Stamenov"> Dragana R. Stamenov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF) has significantly increased in the last decade mostly due to their multi-level properties, and their expected success as biofertilizers in agriculture. Beneficial fungi with broad-host range undergo long-term interactions with a large variety of plants thereby playing a significant role in managed ecosystems and in the adaptation of crops to global climate changes. Trichoderma spp. are promising fungi toward the development of sustainable agriculture. The aim of our experiment was to investigate the effect of seed inoculation of sunflower, maize, soybean, paprika, melon, and watermelon seeds with Trichoderma sp. on early seed germination energy and initial growth of the plant. The seed inoculation with Trichoderma sp. increased the seedling emergence from 7, 85% in melon to 156,70% in watermelon. The inoculation had the best effect on initial growth of maize shoot (+23,80%) and soybean root (+106,30%). The different response of seed and young plants on Trichoderma sp. inoculation implicate the need for future investigations of successful inoculation systems and modes of their integration in sustainable agriculture production systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=initial%20growth" title="initial growth">initial growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inoculation" title=" inoculation"> inoculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling" title=" seedling"> seedling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trichoderma%20sp." title=" Trichoderma sp."> Trichoderma sp.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80517/seedling-emergence-and-initial-growth-of-different-plants-after-trichoderma-sp-inoculation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6425</span> Salinity Effects on Germination of Malaysian Rice Varieties and Weedy Rice Biotypes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kamal%20Uddin">M. Kamal Uddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Mohd%20Dandan"> H. Mohd Dandan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ame%20H.%20Alidin"> Ame H. Alidin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Germination and seedling growth of plant species are reduced in saline due to an external osmotic potential. An experiment was conducted at the laboratory, Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, to compare the salt effect on seed germination and growth of weedy rice and cultivated rice. Seeds (10 in each) were placed in petri dishes. Five salinity levels 0 (distilled water), 4, 8, 12 and 16 dSm-1 (NaCl) were applied. The number of germinated seeds was recorded daily. The final germination percentage, germination index (GI), seedling vigour index (SVI) mean germination time (MGT), shoot and root dry weight were estimated. At highest salinity (16 dSm-1) germination percentage was higher (100%) in weedy rice awn and weedy rice compact. Lowest germination percentage was in MR219 and TQR-8 (50-60%). Mean germination time (MGT) was found higher in all weedy rice biotypes compared to cultivated rice. At highest salinity (16dSm-1) weedy rice open produced the highest MGT (9.92) followed by weedy rice compact (9.73) while lowest MGT was in MR219 (9.48). At highest salinity (16dSm-1) germination index was higher in weedy rice awn (11.71) and compact type (9.62). Lowest germination index was in MR219 (5.90) and TQR-8 (8.94). At the highest salinity (16 dSm−1), seedling vigor index was highest in weedy rice awn (6.06) followed by weedy rice compact (5.26); while lowest was in MR219 (2.11) followed by MR269 (3.82).On the basis of Germination index, seedling vigor index and growth related results it could be concluded that weedy rice awn, compact and open biotypes were more salt tolerant compared to other cultivated rice MR219, MR269, and TQR-8. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title="germination">germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinity" title="salinity">salinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20and%20weedy%20rice" title="rice and weedy rice">rice and weedy rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20agriculture" title=" sustainable agriculture"> sustainable agriculture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21509/salinity-effects-on-germination-of-malaysian-rice-varieties-and-weedy-rice-biotypes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6424</span> Effect of Planting Techniques on Mangrove Seedling Establishment in Kuwait Bay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Al-Mulla">L. Al-Mulla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20M.%20Thomas"> B. M. Thomas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20R.%20Bhat"> N. R. Bhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20K.%20Suleiman"> M. K. Suleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20George"> P. George</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mangroves are halophytic shrubs habituated in the intertidal zones in the tropics and subtropics, forming a complex and highly dynamic coastal ecosystem. Historical evidence indicating the existence followed by the extinction of mangrove in Kuwait; hence, continuous projects have been established to reintroduce this plant to the marine ecosystem. One of the major challenges in establishing large-scale mangrove plantations in Kuwait is the very high rate of seedling mortality, which should ideally be less than 20%. This study was conducted at three selected locations in the Kuwait bay during 2016-2017, to evaluate the effect of four planting techniques on mangrove seedling establishment. Coir-pillow planting technique, comp-mat planting technique, and anchored container planting technique were compared with the conventional planting method. The study revealed that the planting techniques significantly affected the establishment of mangrove seedlings in the initial stages of growth. Location-specific difference in seedling establishment was also observed during the course of the study. However, irrespective of the planting techniques employed, high seedling mortality was observed in all the planting locations towards the end of the study; which may be attributed to the physicochemical characteristics of the mudflats selected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avicennia%20marina%20%28Forsk.%29%20Vierh" title="Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh">Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20pollution" title=" coastal pollution"> coastal pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20accumulation" title=" heavy metal accumulation"> heavy metal accumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20ecosystem" title=" marine ecosystem"> marine ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sedimentation" title=" sedimentation"> sedimentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tidal%20inundation" title=" tidal inundation"> tidal inundation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98740/effect-of-planting-techniques-on-mangrove-seedling-establishment-in-kuwait-bay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6423</span> Impact of Corn Gluten Hydrolysate on Seedling Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyotika%20Chopra">Jyotika Chopra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesh%20Goyal"> Dinesh Goyal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was initiated to examine the effects of corn gluten hydrolysate on seedlings growth and its development. Corn gluten is the byproduct of starch industry rich in proteins was hydrolysed by acid and alkali, and the impact of hydrolysate was studied on seed germination of Vigna radiata, Phaseolus vulagris (Fabaceae) and Triticum aestivum and Oryza sativa (Gramineae). For this, the optimum hydrolysis was obtained by 4NHCl and 4M NaOH where insoluble protein in gluten was broken down to glutamic acid, alanine, aspartic acid which was initially confirmed by biuret test, xanthoproteic, solubility and chromatographic tests. The seeds of above families were separately treated with different dilutions of corn gluten hydrolysate ranging from 1-100% to see effects produced by these dilutions on seed germination, plumule, and radical growth. The seedlings were put in the Petri plates and placed in the optimized conditions of temperature (37˚C) and photoperiod of 16:8 hours. The results indicate the plumule of all seeds shows the increase in growth pattern up to 25.75%. Whereas radical shows the increase in growth up to 25.88% till 10% of dilution of corn and wheat gluten hydrolysate with respect to water as blank. Further, there is decrease in growth from 30- 100% of dilutions of both, the hydrolysate indicates the inhibitory effects which unveil about the careful usage of gluten hydrolysate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn%20gluten" title="corn gluten">corn gluten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrolysis" title=" hydrolysis"> hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20growth" title=" seedling growth"> seedling growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106308/impact-of-corn-gluten-hydrolysate-on-seedling-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6422</span> Response of Lepidium Sativum to Ionic Toxicity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20El-Barghathi">M. F. El-Barghathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20El-Tajouri"> R. El-Tajouri </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of different concentrations of cadmium sulfate "CdSO4" (0.0, 10, 50, 100, 500 ppm) was tested on seed germination, seedling elongation and growth of Lepidium sativum (garden cress) plants. Results indicated that seed germination and seedling elongation were not inhibited by different concentrations of CdSO4. This could suggest that, Lepidium sativum may be used as a phyto remediation tool of soils contaminated with cadmium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lepidium%20sativum" title="Lepidium sativum">Lepidium sativum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionic%20toxicity" title=" ionic toxicity"> ionic toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytoremediation" title=" phytoremediation"> phytoremediation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21205/response-of-lepidium-sativum-to-ionic-toxicity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6421</span> Effect of Nanoparticles on Wheat Seed Germination and Seedling Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pankaj%20Singh%20Rawat">Pankaj Singh Rawat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeew%20Kumar"> Rajeew Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradeep%20Ram"> Pradeep Ram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyanka%20Pandey"> Priyanka Pandey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wheat is an important cereal crop for food security. Boosting the wheat production and productivity is the major challenge across the nation. Good quality of seed is required for maintaining optimum plant stand which ultimately increases grain yield. Ensuring a good germination is one of the key steps to ensure proper plant stand and moisture assurance during seed germination may help to speed up the germination. The tiny size of nanoparticles may help in entry of water into seed without disturbing their internal structure. Considering above, a laboratory experiment was conducted during 2012-13 at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India. The completely randomized design was used for statistical analysis. The experiment was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the appropriate concentration of nanoparticles for seed treatment was screened. In second phase seed soaking hours of nanoparticles for better seed germination were standardized. Wheat variety UP2526 was taken as test crop. Four nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub>, ZnO, nickel and chitosan) were taken for study. The crop germination studies were done in petri dishes and standard package and practices were used to raise the seedlings. The germination studies were done by following standard procedure. In first phase of the experiment, seeds were treated with 50 and 300 ppm of nanoparticles and control was also maintained for comparison. In the second phase of experiment, seeds were soaked for 4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours with 50 ppm nanoparticles of TiO<sub>2</sub>, ZnO, nickel and chitosan along with control treatment to identify the soaking time for better seed germination. Experiment revealed that the application of nanoparticles help to enhance seed germination. The study revealed that seed treatment with  nanoparticles at 50 ppm concentration increases root length, shoot length, seedling length, shoot dry weight, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II as compared to seed soaking at 300 ppm concentration. This experiment showed that seed soaking up to 4 hr was better as compared to 6 and 8 hrs. Seed soaking with nanoparticles specially TiO<sub>2</sub>, ZnO, and chitosan proved to enhance germination and seedling growth indices of wheat crop. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title="nanoparticles">nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20germination" title=" seed germination"> seed germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20soaking" title=" seed soaking"> seed soaking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title=" wheat"> wheat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80641/effect-of-nanoparticles-on-wheat-seed-germination-and-seedling-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6420</span> Response of Six Organic Soil Media on the Germination, Seedling Vigor Performance of Jack Fruit Seeds in Chitwan Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Birendra%20Kumar%20Bhattachan">Birendra Kumar Bhattachan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organic soil media plays an important role for seed germination, growing, and producing organic jack fruits as the source of food such as vitamin A, C, and others for human health. An experiment was conducted to find out the appropriate organic soil medias to induce germination and seedling vigor of jack fruit seeds at the farm of Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU) Chitwan Nepal during June 2022 to October 2022. The organic soil medias used as treatments were as 1. soil collected under the Molingia tree; 2. soil, FYM and RH (2:1;1); 3. soil, FYM (1:1); 4. sand, FYM and RH (2:1:1), 5, sand, soil, FYM and RH (1:1:1:1) and 6. sand, soil and RH (1:2:1) under Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Significantly highest germination of 88% was induced by soil media, followed by media of soil and FYM (!:1) i.e. 63% and the media of soil, FYM and RH (2:1;1) and the least media was sand, soil, FYM and RH (1:1:1:) to induce germination of 28%. Significantly highest seedling length of 73 cm was produced by soil media followed by the media soil, sand, and RH (1:2:1), i.e. 72 cm and the media soil, sand, FYM, and RH (1:1:1:1) and the least media was soil, FYM and RH (2:1:1) to produce 62 cm seedling length, Similarly, significantly highest seedling vigor of 6257 was produced by soil media followed by the media soil and FYM (1:1) i.e. 4253 and the least was the media sand, soil, FYM and RH (1:1:1:1) to produce seedling vigor of1916. Based on this experiment, it was concluded that soil media collected under the Moringia tree could induce the highest germinating capacity of jack fruit seeds and then seedling vigor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jack%20fruit%20seed" title="jack fruit seed">jack fruit seed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20media" title=" soil media"> soil media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farm%20yard%20manure" title=" farm yard manure"> farm yard manure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand%20media" title=" sand media"> sand media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20husk" title=" rice husk"> rice husk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144173/response-of-six-organic-soil-media-on-the-germination-seedling-vigor-performance-of-jack-fruit-seeds-in-chitwan-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6419</span> Effect of Different Planting Times and Mulching Materials on Seed Quality and Yield of China Aster Cultivars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Bajad">A. A. Bajad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20P.%20Sharma"> B. P. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20C.%20Gupta"> Y. C. Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Dilt"> B. S. Dilt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Gupta"> R. K. Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present investigations were carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, H.P. during 2015 and 2016. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (factorial) consisting of 48 treatment combinations of four planting dates viz., D1- mid March, D2-mid April, D3-mid May and D4- mid June and two cultivars namely V1- Kamini and V2 -Poornima with six mulching materials M¬0¬- without mulch, M1- Black plastic mulch (100 µ), M2- Silver plastic mulch (100 µ), M3¬- Transparent plastic mulch (100 µ), M3-Transparent plastic mulch (100 µ), M4¬- Pine needle (100 µ) and M5- Grass (1 inch layer). Among different planting times, D4 i.e. mid June planting obtained best results for number of seed per flower (179.38), germination percent (83.92 %), electrical conductivity (0.97 ds/m), seedling length (7.93 cm), seedling dry weight (7.09 mg), seedling vigour index I (763.79), moisture content (7.83 %) and 1000 seed weight (1.94 g). However, seed yield per plant (14.30 g) was recorded to be maximum in mid of March. Among the cultivars, cv. ‘Poornima’ gave best results for number of seed per plant (187.30). However, cv. ‘Kamini’ recorded the best result for seed yield per plant (12.55), electrical conductivity (1.11 ds/m), germination percent (80.47 %), seedling length (6.39 cm), seedling dry weight (5.11 mg), seedling vigour index I (649.49), moisture content (9.28 %) and 1000 seed weight (1.70 g). Silver plastic obtained best results for number of seed per flower (170.10), seed yield per plant (15.66 g), germination percent (80.17 %), electrical conductivity (1.26 ds/m), seedling length (5.88 cm), seedling dry weight (4.46 mg), seedling vigour index I (616.78), Moisture content (9.35 %) and 100 seed weight (1.97 g). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultivars" title="cultivars">cultivars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mulch%20materials" title=" mulch materials"> mulch materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planting%20times" title=" planting times"> planting times</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flowers" title=" flowers"> flowers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89393/effect-of-different-planting-times-and-mulching-materials-on-seed-quality-and-yield-of-china-aster-cultivars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6418</span> Mapping QTLs Associated with Salinity Tolerance in Maize at Seedling Stage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Muhebbullah%20Ibne%20Hoque">Mohammad Muhebbullah Ibne Hoque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zheng%20Jun"> Zheng Jun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Guoying"> Wang Guoying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Salinity stress is one of the most important abiotic factors contributing to crop growth and yield loss. Exploring the genetic basis is necessary to develop maize varieties with salinity tolerance. In order to discover the inherent basis for salinity tolerance traits in maize, 121 polymorphic SSR markers were used to analyze 163 F2 individuals derived from a single cross of inbred line B73 (a salt susceptible inbred line) and CZ-7 (a salt tolerant inbred line). A linkage map was constructed and the map covered 1195.2 cM of maize genome with an average distance of 9.88 cM between marker loci. Ten salt tolerance traits at seedling stage were evaluated for QTL analysis in maize seedlings. A total of 41 QTLs associated with seedling shoot and root traits were detected, with 16 and 25 QTLs under non-salinity and salinity condition, respectively. And only 4 major stable QTLs were detected in two environments. The detected QTLs were distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and chromosome 10. Phenotypic variability for the identified QTLs for all the traits was in the range from 6.27 to 21.97%. Fourteen QTLs with more than 10% contributions were observed. Our results and the markers associated with the major QTL detected in this study have the potential application for genetic improvement of salt tolerance in maize through marker-assisted selection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salt%20tolerance" title="salt tolerance">salt tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20stage" title=" seedling stage"> seedling stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20shoot%20traits" title=" root shoot traits"> root shoot traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20trait%20loci" title=" quantitative trait loci"> quantitative trait loci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simple%20sequence%20repeat" title=" simple sequence repeat"> simple sequence repeat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize" title=" maize"> maize</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14120/mapping-qtls-associated-with-salinity-tolerance-in-maize-at-seedling-stage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6417</span> Effects of AG1 and AG2 QTLs on Rice Seedling Growth and Physiological Processes during Germination in Flooded Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satyen%20Mondal">Satyen Mondal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederickson%20Entila"> Frederickson Entila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shalabh%20Dixit"> Shalabh Dixit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pompe%20C.%20Sta.%20Cruz"> Pompe C. Sta. Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelbagi%20M.%20Ismail"> Abdelbagi M. Ismail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anaerobic condition caused by flooding during germination in direct seeded rice systems, known as anaerobic germination (AG), severely reduces crop establishment in both rainfed and irrigated areas. Seeds germinating in flooded soils could encounter hypoxia or even anoxia in severe cases, and this hinders germination and seedling growth. This study was conducted to quantify the effects of incorporating two major QTLs, AG1 and AG2, associated with tolerance of flooding during germination and to assess their interactive effects on enhancing crop establishment. A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baňos, Philippines, using elite lines incorporating AG1, AG2 and AG1+AG2 in the background of the popular varieties PSBRc82 (PSBRc82-AG1, PSBRc82-AG2, PSBRc82-AG1+AG2) and Ciherang-Sub1 (Ciherang-Sub1-AG1, Ciherang-Sub1-AG2, Ciherang-Sub1-AG1+AG2), along with the donors Kho Hlan On (for AG1) and Ma-Zhan Red (AG2) and the recipients PSBRc82 and Ciherang-Sub1. The experiment was conducted using concrete tanks in an RCBD with three replications. Dry seeds were sown in seedling trays then flooded with 10 cm water depth. Seedling survival, root and shoot growth and relative growth rate were measured. The germinating seedlings were used for assaying nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) and ascorbate concentrations, lipid peroxidation, total phenolic concentration, reactive oxygen species and total amylase enzyme activity. Flooding reduced overall survival, though survival of AG1+AG2 introgression lines was greater than other genotypes. Soluble sugars increased, while starch concentration decreased gradually under flooding especially in the tolerant checks and AG1+AG2 introgression lines. Less lipid peroxidation and higher amylase activity, reduced-ascorbate (RAsA) and total phenolic contents (TPC) were observed in the tolerant checks and in AG1+AG2 introgression lines. Lipid peroxidation correlated negatively with ascorbate and total phenolic concentrations and with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Introgression of AG1+AG2 QTLs upregulated total amylase activity causing rapid starch degradation and increase in ascorbate and total phenolic concentrations resulting in higher germination and seedling growth in flooded soils. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amylase" title="amylase">amylase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20germination" title=" anaerobic germination"> anaerobic germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ascorbate" title=" ascorbate"> ascorbate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct-seeded%20rice" title=" direct-seeded rice"> direct-seeded rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flooding" title=" flooding"> flooding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20peroxidation" title=" lipid peroxidation"> lipid peroxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73392/effects-of-ag1-and-ag2-qtls-on-rice-seedling-growth-and-physiological-processes-during-germination-in-flooded-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6416</span> Rejuvenation of Peanut Seedling from Collar Rot Disease by Azotobacter sp. RA2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20R.%20Patel">Ravi R. Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasudev%20R.%20Thakkar"> Vasudev R. Thakkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to increase the production and decrees disease occurrence is a recent method in agriculture. An RA2 rhizospheric culture was isolated from peanut rhizosphere from Junagadh region of Gujarat, India and showed different direct and indirect plant growth promoting activity like indole acetic acid, gibberellic acid, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, Ammonia and (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate) deaminase production, N2 fixation, phosphate and potassium solubilization in vitro. RA2 was able to protect peanut germinating seedling from A. niger infection and reduce collar rot disease incidence 60-35% to 72-41% and increase germination percentage from 70-82% to 75-97% in two varieties GG20 and GG2 of peanut. RA2 was found to induce resistance in A. hypogaea L. seedlings via induction of different defense-related enzymes like phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, lipoxygenase and pathogenesis related protein like chitinase, ß – 1,3- glucanase. Jasmonic acid one of the major signaling molecules of inducing systemic resistance was also found to induced due to RA2 treatments. RA2 bacterium was also promoting peanut growth and reduce A. niger infection in pot studies. 16S rDNA sequence of RA2 showed 99 % homology to Azotobacter species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20growth%20promoting%20rhizobacteria" title="plant growth promoting rhizobacteria">plant growth promoting rhizobacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peanut" title=" peanut"> peanut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspergillus%20niger" title=" aspergillus niger"> aspergillus niger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induce%20systemic%20resistance" title=" induce systemic resistance"> induce systemic resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59871/rejuvenation-of-peanut-seedling-from-collar-rot-disease-by-azotobacter-sp-ra2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6415</span> Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Seed Germination of Crop Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20M.%20Almutairi">Zainab M. Almutairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Alharbi"> Amjad Alharbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of engineered nanomaterials has increased as a result of their positive impact on many sectors of the economy, including agriculture. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are now used to enhance seed germination, plant growth, and photosynthetic quantum efficiency and as antimicrobial agents to control plant diseases. In this study, we examined the effect of AgNP dosage on the seed germination of three plant species: corn (Zea mays L.), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum. & Nakai) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.). This experiment was designed to study the effect of AgNPs on germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, root length and fresh and dry weight of seedlings for the three species. Seven concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 mg/ml) of AgNPs were examined at the seed germination stage. The three species had different dose responses to AgNPs in terms of germination parameters and the measured growth characteristics. The germination rates of the three plants were enhanced in response to AgNPs. Significant enhancement of the germination percentage values was observed after treatment of the watermelon and zucchini plants with AgNPs in comparison with untreated seeds. AgNPs showed a toxic effect on corn root elongation, whereas watermelon and zucchini seedling growth were positively affected by certain concentrations of AgNPs. This study showed that exposure to AgNPs caused both positive and negative effects on plant growth and germination. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citrullus%20lanatus" title="citrullus lanatus">citrullus lanatus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cucurbita%20pepo" title=" cucurbita pepo"> cucurbita pepo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20germination" title=" seed germination"> seed germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20growth" title=" seedling growth"> seedling growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title=" silver nanoparticles"> silver nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zea%20mays" title=" zea mays"> zea mays</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26020/effect-of-silver-nanoparticles-on-seed-germination-of-crop-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6414</span> Field Effects on Seed Germination of Phaseolus Vulgaris, Early Seedling Growth and Chemical Composition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najafi%20S.">Najafi S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heidai%20R."> Heidai R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamei%20R."> Jamei R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tofigh%20F."> Tofigh F.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the effects of magnetic field on the root system and growth of Phaseolus vulgaris, an experiment was conducted in 2012. The possible involvement of magnetic field (MF) pretreatment in physiological factors of Phaseolus vulgaris was investigated. Seeds were subjected to 10 days with 1.8 mT of magnetic field for 1h per day. MF pretreatment decreased the plant height, fresh and dry weight, length of root and length of shoot, Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and carotenoid in 10 days old seedling. In addition, activity of enzymes such as Catalase and Guaiacol peroxidase was decreased due to MF exposure. Also, the total Protein and DPPH content of the treated by magnetic field was not significantly changed in compare to control groups, while the flavonoid, Phenol and prolin content of the treated of the treated by magnetic field was significantly changed in compare to control groups. Lateral branches of roots and secondary roots increased with MF. The results suggest that pretreatment of this MF plays important roles in changes in crop productivity. In all cases there was observed a slight stimulating effect of the factors examined. The growth dynamics were weakened. The plants were shorter. Moreover, the effect of a magnetic field on the crop of Phaseolus vulgaris and its structure was small. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carotenoid" title="carotenoid">carotenoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chlorophyll%20a" title=" Chlorophyll a"> Chlorophyll a</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chlorophyll%20b" title=" Chlorophyll b"> Chlorophyll b</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPPH" title=" DPPH"> DPPH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymes" title=" enzymes"> enzymes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid" title=" flavonoid"> flavonoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenol" title=" phenol"> phenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proline" title=" proline"> proline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phaseolus%20vulgaris" title=" phaseolus vulgaris"> phaseolus vulgaris</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22056/field-effects-on-seed-germination-of-phaseolus-vulgaris-early-seedling-growth-and-chemical-composition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6413</span> Magnetic Field Effects on Seed Germination of Phaseolus Vulgaris, Early Seedling Growth, and Chemical Composition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Tofigh">Farzad Tofigh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeideh%20Najafi"> Saeideh Najafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Heidari"> Reza Heidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashid%20Jamei"> Rashid Jamei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the effects of magnetic field on the root system and growth of Phaseolus vulgaris, an experiment was conducted in 2012. The possible involvement of magnetic field (MF) pretreatment in physiological factors of Phaseolus vulgaris was investigated. Seeds were subjected to 10 days with 1.8 mT of magnetic field for 1h per day. MF pretreatment decreased the plant height, fresh and dry weight, length of root and length of shoot, Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and carotenoid in 10 days old seedling. In addition, activity of enzymes such as Catalase and Guaiacol peroxidase was decreased due to MF exposure. Also, the total Protein and DPPH content of the treated by magnetic field was not significantly changed in compare to control groups, while the flavonoid, Phenol and prolin content of the treated of the treated by magnetic field was significantly changed in compare to control groups. Lateral branches of roots and secondary roots increased with MF. The results suggest that pretreatment of this MF plays important roles in changes in crop productivity. In all cases there was observed a slight stimulating effect of the factors examined. The growth dynamics were weakened. The plants were shorter. Moreover, the effect of a magnetic field on the crop of Phaseolus vulgaris and its structure was small. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carotenoid" title="carotenoid">carotenoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorophyll%20a" title=" chlorophyll a"> chlorophyll a</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorophyll%20b" title=" chlorophyll b"> chlorophyll b</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPPH" title=" DPPH"> DPPH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymes" title=" enzymes"> enzymes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid" title=" flavonoid"> flavonoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenol" title=" phenol"> phenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proline" title=" proline"> proline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21836/magnetic-field-effects-on-seed-germination-of-phaseolus-vulgaris-early-seedling-growth-and-chemical-composition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6412</span> Screening Some Accessions of Lentil (Lens culinaris M.) for Salt Tolerance at Germination and Early Seedling Stage in Eastern Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azene%20Tesfaye">Azene Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yohannes%20Petros"> Yohannes Petros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habtamu%20Zeleke"> Habtamu Zeleke </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To evaluate genetic variation among Ethiopian lentil, laboratory experiment were conducted to screen 12 accessions of lentil (Lens culinaris M.) for salt tolerance. Seeds of 12 Lentil accessions were grown at laboratory (Petri dish) condition with different levels of salinity (0, 2, 4, and 8 dSm-1 NaCl) for 4 weeks. The experimental design was completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial combination with three replications. Data analysis was carried out using SAS software. Average germination time, germination percentage, seedling shoot and root traits, seedling shoot and root weight were evaluated. The two way ANOVA for varieties revealed statistically significant variation among lentil accession, NaCl level and their interactions (p<0.001) with respect to the entire parameters. It was found that salt stress significantly delays germination rate and decreases germination percentage, shoot and root length, seedling shoot and root weight of lentil accessions. The degree of decrement varied with accessions and salinity levels. Accessions 36120, 9235 and 36004 were better salt tolerant than the other accessions. As the result, it is recommended to be used as a genetic resource for the development of lentil accession and other very salt sensitive crop with improved germination under salt stress condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accession" title="accession">accession</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lentil" title=" lentil"> lentil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NaCl" title=" NaCl"> NaCl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title=" screening"> screening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20stage" title=" seedling stage"> seedling stage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29040/screening-some-accessions-of-lentil-lens-culinaris-m-for-salt-tolerance-at-germination-and-early-seedling-stage-in-eastern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6411</span> The Effect of Multiple Environmental Conditions on Acacia senegal Seedling’s Carbon, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen Contents: An Experimental Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmoniem%20A.%20Attaelmanan">Abdelmoniem A. Attaelmanan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20H.%20Siddig"> Ahmed A. H. Siddig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted in light of continual global climate changes that projected increasing aridity, changes in soil fertility, and pollution. Plant growth and development largely depend on the combination of availing water and nutrients in the soil. Changes in the climate and atmospheric chemistry can cause serious effects on these growth factors. Plant carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and hydrogen (H) play a fundamental role in the maintenance of ecosystem structure and function. Hashab (Acacia senegal), which produces gum Arabic, supports dryland ecosystems in tropical zones by its potentiality to restore degraded soils; hence it is ecologically and economically important for the dry areas of sub-Saharan Africa. The study aims at investigating the effects of water stress (simulated drought) and poor soil type on Acacia senegal C, N, and H contents. Seven days old seedlings were assigned to the treatments in Split- plot design for four weeks. The main plot is irrigation interval (well-watered and water-stressed), and the subplot is soil types (silt and sand soils). Seedling's C%, N%, and H% were measured using CHNS-O Analyzer and applying Standard Test Method. Irrigation intervals and soil types had no effects on seedlings and leaves C%, N%, and H%, irrigation interval had affected stem C and H%, both irrigation intervals and soil types had affected root N% and interaction effect of water and soil was found on leaves and root's N%. Synthesis application of well-watered irrigation with soil that is rich in N and other nutrients would result in the greatest seedling C, N, and H content which will enhance growth and biomass accumulation and can play a crucial role in ecosystem productivity and services in the dryland regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acacia%20senegal" title="Acacia senegal">Acacia senegal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title=" Africa"> Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drylands" title=" drylands"> drylands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients%20biomass" title=" nutrients biomass"> nutrients biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sub-Saharan" title=" Sub-Saharan"> Sub-Saharan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudan" title=" Sudan"> Sudan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152568/the-effect-of-multiple-environmental-conditions-on-acacia-senegal-seedlings-carbon-nitrogen-and-hydrogen-contents-an-experimental-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6410</span> Effects of Poultry Manure Rates on Some Growth and Yield Attributes of Cucumber in Owerri, South Eastern Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinwe%20Pearl%20Poly-Mbah">Chinwe Pearl Poly-Mbah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evelyn%20Obioma"> Evelyn Obioma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliet%20Amajuoyi"> Juliet Amajuoyi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The investigation here reported examined growth and yield responses of Cucumber to manure rates in Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria. Fruit vegetables are widely cultivated and produced in Northern Nigeria but greatly consumed in Southern Nigeria where cucumbers command high demand and price but are minimally cultivated. Unfortunately, farmers in northern Nigeria incur lots of losses because cucumber is a perishable vegetable and is transported all the way from the northern Nigeria where cucumbers are produced to Southern Nigeria where cucumbers are consumed, hence the high cost of cucumber fruits in Southern Nigeria. There is a need, therefore, to evolve packages that will enhance cucumber production in Southern Nigeria. The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of poultry manure rates on the growth and yield of cucumber in Owerri, South Eastern Nigeria. Specifically, this study was designed to assess the effect of poultry manure rates on number of days to 50% seedling emergence, vine length/plant, leaf area per plant and the number of leaves produced per plant. The design used for the experiment was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three blocks (replications). Treatment consisted of four rates of well-decomposed poultry manure at the rate of 0 tons/ha, 2 tons/ha, 4 tons/ha and 6 tons/ha. Data were collected on number of days to 50% seedling emergence, vine length per plant at two weeks interval, leaf number per plant at two weeks interval, leaf area per plant at two weeks interval, number of fruits produced per plant, and fresh weight of fruits per plant at harvest. Results from the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there were highly significant effects (P=0.05) of poultry manure on growth and yield parameters studied which include number of days to 50% seedling emergence, vine length per plant, leaf number per plant, leaf area per plant, fruit number and fruit weight per plant such that increase in poultry manure rates lead to increase in growth and yield parameters studied. Therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected, while the alternative hypothesis was accepted. Farmers should be made to know that growing cucumber with poultry manure in southeastern Nigeria agro ecology is a successful enterprise <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cucumber" title="cucumber">cucumber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effects" title=" effects"> effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20and%20yield" title=" growth and yield"> growth and yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manure" title=" manure"> manure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75763/effects-of-poultry-manure-rates-on-some-growth-and-yield-attributes-of-cucumber-in-owerri-south-eastern-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75763.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6409</span> Salinity Response of Some Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes in Germination and Seedling Growth of Periods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onder%20Aldemir">Onder Aldemir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ercan%20Ceyhan"> Ercan Ceyhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research was conducted to determine effects of salt concentrations on emergence and seedling development of chickpea genotypes. Trials were performed during the year of 2013 on the laboratory and greenhouse of Agricultural Faculty, Selcuk University. Emergency trial was set up according to ‘Randomized Plots Design’ by two factors and four replications; greenhouse trial was also set up according to ‘Randomized Plots Design’ by two factors with three replications. The chickpea genotypes; CA119, CA132, CA149, CA150, CA215, CA222, CA235, CA261, Bozkır and Gokce were used as material for both of the trials. Effects of the five doses of salt concentrations (control, 30 mM, 60 mM, 90 mM and 120 mM) on the ratio of emergency, speed of emergency, average time for emergency, index of sensibility, length of shoot and root, fresh weight of shoot and root, dry weight of shoot and root, index of salt tolerance were evaluated. Responses of the chickpea genotypes for salt concentrations were found different. Comparing to the control, all of the investigated characteristics on the chickpea genotypes showed significant reduction by depending on the increasing salt level. According to the effects of salt application, the chickpea genotypes Gokce, CA215 and CA222 were the most tolerant in respect to plant dry weights while the chickpea genotypes CA149 and CA150 were the most sensitive. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chickpea" title="chickpea">chickpea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergence" title=" emergence"> emergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salt%20tolerant" title=" salt tolerant"> salt tolerant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedling%20development" title=" seedling development"> seedling development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41889/salinity-response-of-some-chickpea-cicer-arietinum-l-genotypes-in-germination-and-seedling-growth-of-periods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6408</span> Screening of the Sunflower Genotypes for Drought Stress at Seedling Stage by Polyethylene Glycol under Laboratory Conditions </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uzma%20Ayaz">Uzma Ayaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanam%20Bashir"> Sanam Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Iqbal%20Awan"> Shahid Iqbal Awan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ilyas"> Muhammad Ilyas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Fareed%20Khan"> Muhammad Fareed Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drought stress directly affects growth along with the productivity of plants by altering plant water status. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), an oilseed crop, is adversely affected by abiotic stresses. The present study was carried out to characterize the genetic variability for seedling and morpho-physiological parameters in different sunflower genotypes under water-stressed conditions. A total of twenty-seven genotypes, including two hybrids, eight advanced lines and seventeen accessions of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) were tested against drought stress at Seedling stages by Polyethylene glycol (PEG). Significant means were calculated among traits using analysis of variance (ANOVA) whereas, correlation and principal component analysis also confirmed that germination percentage, root length, shoot length, chlorophyll content, stomatal frequency are positively linked with each other hence, these traits were responsible for most of the variation among genotypes. The cluster analysis results showed that genotypes Ausun, line-3, line-2, and 17578, line-1, line-7, line-6 and 17562 as more diverse among all the genotypes. These most divergent genotypes could be utilized in the development of drought-tolerant inbreed lines which could be subsequently used in future heterosis breeding programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sunflower" title="sunflower">sunflower</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title=" drought"> drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyethylene-%20glycol" title=" polyethylene- glycol"> polyethylene- glycol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title=" screening"> screening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118011/screening-of-the-sunflower-genotypes-for-drought-stress-at-seedling-stage-by-polyethylene-glycol-under-laboratory-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6407</span> A Novel Gene Encoding Ankyrin-Repeat Protein, SHG1, Is Indispensable for Seed Germination under Moderate Salt Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Sakamoto">H. Sakamoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Tochimoto"> J. Tochimoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kurosawa"> S. Kurosawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Suzuki"> M. Suzuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Oguri"> S. Oguri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Salt stress adversely affects plant growth at various stages of development including seed germination, seedling establishment, vegetative growth and finally reproduction. Because of their immobile nature, plants have evolved mechanisms to sense and respond to salt stress. Seed dormancy is an adaptive trait that enables seed germination to coincide with favorable environmental conditions. We identified a novel locus of Arabidopsis, designated SHG1 (salt hypersensitive germination 1), whose disruption leads to reduced germination rate under moderate salt stress conditions. SHG1 encodes a transmembrane protein with an ankyrin repeat motif that has been implicated in diverse cellular processes such as signal transduction. The SGH1-disrupted Arabidopsis mutant died at the cotyledon stage when sown on salt-containing medium, although wild type plants could form true leaves under the same conditions. On the other hand, this mutant showed similar phenotypes to wild type plants when sown on medium without salt and transferred to salt-containing medium at the vegetative stage. These results suggested that SHG1 played indispensable role in the seed germination and seedling establishment under moderate salt stress conditions. SHG1 may be involved in the release of seed dormancy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title="germination">germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ankyrin%20repeat" title=" ankyrin repeat"> ankyrin repeat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arabidopsis" title=" arabidopsis"> arabidopsis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salt%20tolerance" title=" salt tolerance"> salt tolerance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7011/a-novel-gene-encoding-ankyrin-repeat-protein-shg1-is-indispensable-for-seed-germination-under-moderate-salt-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6406</span> Green Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Nano-Nutrient for the Growth and Enhancement of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Karunakaran">G. Karunakaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jagathambal"> M. Jagathambal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Van%20Minh"> N. Van Minh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Kolesnikov"> E. Kolesnikov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gusev"> A. Gusev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20V.%20Zakharova"> O. V. Zakharova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20V.%20Scripnikova"> E. V. Scripnikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20D.%20Vishnyakova"> E. D. Vishnyakova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Kuznetsov"> D. Kuznetsov </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>NPs) are widely used in different applications due to its ecofriendly nature and biocompatibility. Hence, in this investigation, biosynthesized Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>NPs influence on flax (<em>Linum usitatissimum</em> L.) plant was examined. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were found to be cubic phase which is confirmed by XRD analysis. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups corresponding to the iron oxide nanoparticle. The elemental analysis also confirmed that the obtained nanoparticle is iron oxide nanoparticle. The scanning electron microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy confirm that the average particle size was around 56 nm. The effect of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>NPs on seed germination followed by biochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods. The results obtained after four days and 11 days of seed vigor studies showed that the seedling length (cm), average number of seedling with leaves, increase in root length (cm) was found to be enhanced on treatment with iron oxide nanoparticles when compared to control. A positive correlation was noticed with the dose of the nanoparticle and plant growth, which may be due to changes in metabolic activity. Hence, to evaluate the change in metabolic activity, peroxidase and catalase activities were estimated. It was clear from the observation that higher concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>NPs 1000 mg/L) has enhanced peroxidase and catalase activities and in turn plant growth. Thus, this study clearly showed that biosynthesized iron oxide nanoparticles will be an effective nano-nutrient for agriculture applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalase" title="catalase">catalase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer" title=" fertilizer"> fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20oxide%20nanoparticles" title=" iron oxide nanoparticles"> iron oxide nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linum%20usitatissimum%20L." title=" Linum usitatissimum L."> Linum usitatissimum L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-nutrient" title=" nano-nutrient"> nano-nutrient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxidase" title=" peroxidase"> peroxidase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70716/green-synthesized-iron-oxide-nanoparticles-a-nano-nutrient-for-the-growth-and-enhancement-of-flax-linum-usitatissimum-l-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70716.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6405</span> Crop Genotype and Inoculum Density Influences Plant Growth and Endophytic Colonization Potential of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naveed">Muhammad Naveed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohail%20Yousaf"> Sohail Yousaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahir%20Ahmad%20Zahir"> Zahir Ahmad Zahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Birgit%20Mitter"> Birgit Mitter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Sessitsch"> Angela Sessitsch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most bacterial endophytes originate from the soil and enter plants via the roots followed by further spread through the inner tissues. The mechanisms allowing bacteria to colonize plants endophytically are still poorly understood for most bacterial and plant species. Specific bacterial functions are required for plant colonization, but also the plant itself is a determining factor as bacterial ability to establish endophytic populations is very often dependent on the plant genotype (cultivar) and inoculums density. The effect of inoculum density (107, 108, 109 CFU mL-1) of Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN was evaluated on growth and endophytic colonization of different maize and potato cultivars under axenic and natural soil conditions. PsJN inoculation significantly increased maize seedling growth and tuber yield of potato at all inoculum density compared to uninoculated control. Under axenic condition, PsJN inoculation (108 CFU mL-1) significantly improved the germination, root/shoot length and biomass up to 62, 115, 98 and 135% of maize seedling compared to uninoculated control. In case of potato, PsJN inoculation (109 CFU mL-1) showed maximum response and significantly increased root/shoot biomass and tuber yield under natural soil condition. We confirmed that PsJN is able to colonize the rhizosphere, roots and shoots of maize and potato cultivars. The endophytic colonization increased linearly with increasing inoculum density (within a range of 8 x 104 – 3 x 107 CFU mL-1) and were highest for maize (Morignon) and potato (Romina) as compared to other cultivars. Efficient colonization of cv. Morignon and Romina by strain PsJN indicates the specific cultivar colonizing capacity of the bacteria. The findings of the study indicate the non-significant relationship between colonization and plant growth promotion in maize under axenic conditions. However, the inoculum level (109 CFU mL-1) that promoted colonization of rhizosphere and plant interior (endophytic) also best promoted growth and tuber yield of potato under natural soil conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20genotype" title="crop genotype">crop genotype</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inoculum%20density" title=" inoculum density"> inoculum density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burkholderia%20phytofirmans%20PsJN" title=" Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN"> Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonization" title=" colonization"> colonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potato" title=" potato"> potato</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20888/crop-genotype-and-inoculum-density-influences-plant-growth-and-endophytic-colonization-potential-of-plant-growth-promoting-bacterium-burkholderia-phytofirmans-psjn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6404</span> A Laboratory–Designed Activity in Ecology to Demonstrate the Allelopathic Property of the Philippine Chromolaena odorata L. (King and Robinson) Leaf Extracts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20T.%20Codilla">Lina T. Codilla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study primarily designed a laboratory activity in ecology to demonstrate the allelopathic property of the Philippine Chromolaena odorata L. (hagonoy) leaf extracts to Lycopersicum esculentum (M), commonly known as tomatoes. Ethanol extracts of C. odorata leaves were tested on seed germination and seedling growth of L. esculentum in 7-day and 14-day observation periods. Analysis of variance and Tukey’s HSD post hoc test was utilized to determine differences among treatments while Pre–test – Post–test experimental design was utilized in the determination of the effectiveness of the designed laboratory activity. Results showed that the 0.5% concentration level of ethanol leaf extracts significantly inhibited germination and seedling growth of L. esculentum in both observation periods. These results were used as the basis in the development of instructional material in ecology. The laboratory activity underwent face validation by five (5) experts in various fields of specialization, namely, Biological Sciences, Chemistry and Science Education. The readability of the designed laboratory activity was determined using a Cloze Test. Pilot testing was conducted and showed that the laboratory activity developed is found to be a very effective tool in supplementing learning about allelopathy in ecology class. Thus, it is recommended for use among ecology classes but modification will be made in a small – scale basis to minimize time consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allelopathy" title="allelopathy">allelopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromolaena%20odorata%20l.%20%28hagonoy%29" title=" chromolaena odorata l. (hagonoy)"> chromolaena odorata l. (hagonoy)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=designed-laboratory%20activity" title=" designed-laboratory activity"> designed-laboratory activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20herbicide%20students%E2%80%99%20performance" title=" organic herbicide students’ performance"> organic herbicide students’ performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49370/a-laboratory-designed-activity-in-ecology-to-demonstrate-the-allelopathic-property-of-the-philippine-chromolaena-odorata-l-king-and-robinson-leaf-extracts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span 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