CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134b1c2ab11ce31',cH: '2J1FlZ1wSjpQFlVlX0GgzjDTsXUSAHQEKCYPqGaQNXQ-1739783951-1.2.1.1-.WngInyAtfMDx4.g7UPszlN2gSI2C.pLsoE7x60lzsrEx9cLi0rdWGg.GDhiJdTN',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=aldehydes&__cf_chl_tk=9.anmGACuESIgzKwHR8rDQuCJimSpyK4lk4OHnQnuZs-1739783951-1.0.1.1-F8zs02c5GuJFQk59SQRzbSdfgGgnwIUnmJGNvcDuuPk",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739783951',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=aldehydes&__cf_chl_f_tk=9.anmGACuESIgzKwHR8rDQuCJimSpyK4lk4OHnQnuZs-1739783951-1.0.1.1-F8zs02c5GuJFQk59SQRzbSdfgGgnwIUnmJGNvcDuuPk",md: "AMaeh8ymsHBfhHZHxtKtjjHd1mW7LpgWFBxG.f1G.P0-1739783951-1.2.1.1-Yr_94bQmk3Ywyh3FzSwT4kP5gyT32IiRzk4srEOVk86tBW5yZrJXXVKTc7zitwjyy4URnV7pg9iHW7wbrhELk_eLzEYuCysKSzLG44Pj36bRL_njImSWfvMHaOR7FmkuD9EYs.E2pTZn3lMKqODEzzyTi0RdFTDt_TDgq49RElHt64vtZfYgP5O7oLikzMYaKo7w72o84MIyWy9LnXm94MGejtVtnSexMO49VRq8Kp6XEvdUPKH0fPHLyZzQyUQGEpxMgq815_LY48UCOV8XE7uv.g5.GsfmsyK91Hkg7Xa3zDqvX.knrfEr89BH3alj32cXbotiEwUPCyXUrK803qb3iYKdzHhzZCVlItJYNdZrh1cbzfV5_KdDTHd4IzyO2yZcvTu7blsfWmq2Q1uOCWPUVpIW96.s5ShOKMOnkbhjrxOSGdYwvrhqFXnmk2BJJV65LA.Ej50nSPXmLd3uXhCvCeIbZwWgrY8W3mGQRRX4tpMFJ_k7lT8SpxU2E_Ps7tC69QapZctAD5FgzO0MKPaq2T5bvXqjms4PXK1RcFLOVRyiRVtVpSHys8tyuZnOqNeV4.IxDsGP2pPdiUU5a8__ObSqaMMUw9eE._rqgI1GNsCfhnIQrWWEbiPXs6C0ZAF4U58Q70.Wl_DwR6Dv8q2g8NkffuybHy7mygBrXVz4bgcqZZvq1I_ZeFdpPzSFxW5xfhY78CCcGXRk_GZ29ag7.uBmOjVW5gkwxITFjRuRaBdGSQ5Vh6eaVopsMQ6t7JUazQ8.JbvFOv3JlMoyoYuc8TQHZiVBYiwSB0BA_M2TxgTjTUwxEb_mPajQujYcZi5JHMyWaVlibgYMnlTBFwQYfW0BfE8oo0eN1LRJIpWaOula0MjgIT89c3AxpImh.hzE5..EdRNe3ZfL3ECFQGvk6AVbTrZfKfSeleTah37u.YUgznhhcvp3c0_3gQtZEryJ4tsLvGZ5WRpqW4fqn1ed_K.SW8gpztH6USD0ghB9AkA5qL0M6_kmCqDH9CCTPses6HxfScDTXzxfwvMh7RmKnWfGosb.SElY.9fFiOxNhhhYWhAuqaNqZLvm2yR8Tk0kz1HdzEXIZye58.hhxythPuSMELI258dOgPLv4ztjidLN2EMAlscnRqSueRbadWeIxX3yzeGrkmitZvYke.pgvd1XTlrbS2U5r6YmV8g5mbkFj4S2rYVXjJDkRTedtdVR.GrXUbP9KnLWn1uZekuzosFQd0O6qecFWTyQmw8QsPxsw19A37ZMCbpyR_aia0OSZwB6DK1_wT4vgn2XzHaglb..Da3fh0mo3ZiccksAaSOQd38uAveOgxBnZAmYNX_OqC5AUCKbsNSgUpqJ02ptr_9LBbtcQ.NqFRvRu767FVozJfLcOCdcjAu5GGGDRjYB6msLurjrnYpTb5g67e5HtWwbcVYBiXt7iqK_utSIVJGP3p6dhkfl1VmWlTJdu.1Zwj5qsB4YCg0a.U0TqYcvktWs2twDxa0YiciZP.Zg2d8eX6nESTp48JyKGiVJlkaG6tkdukvE415.xXuLICs8sTHi9oX1MWPCe2P1ZADFWUzcFjbOnmb2u6ry8JrLvpgNnhW5JevG5JECdGBEqdoNcu_XeKO1yowax2GHm2d2qDFfZCh.z7iHiLCPnP0_1VnFDlSH6X1Tw.qC9uY6XtJjOwyjU7oDreoi6Ni9fo7I17vMQ4ZNx15lWFbcRX7EGvJwkB8xE0mbMUB9jvwlhz09q1D2IJe.WlglYGkmjWkKY4V5Ta8bKZACVFug9KOP0gQxP.svRmx9eHA1RTK1rbfwB.GWL.r.z6rERUCWMA_aVR5hac8kGZXoz0Gq71O_f_Cd8xV6QO0e5NcOPk_Jf0xjxanw_lanw0t0ZH.P5j3Ouv7lsR3hw3eRqS.4cYIUlSsZcGqUGrNQey.y8T_p0g",mdrd: "72nKQBYmXarg6KxVd64NJ_yvQ2VDXbSqvKQk0Iv7cyE-1739783951-1.2.1.1-9y02pctVLsRGwYTc2rBrCkFqGo6SFSc7aWa7BYTnA2Wnfe1Evomo1bhrhfZngahfwBq3ad77gq_cSVi8KMmU7R_VMZ8Ks6enjI2iD33vZlta0MszjcpoKHHnbkK3c78EDmisDTEMhF0HzPoCoKcuL.OUzb0s6EuZJgHeYIFarJs1j3a1io.U_ZqVXovUHk7SwdAk_7KHeAY3MHjN5WbUEEjzbUQsJl6x7z70ingRgmQETMrikUcyT9WiTY4GDxbgMXpnQVKYugl.TFhD7MW.b2VBbWbBT_IjEnNyP.TWcm.P6VJuYwMXysINwlms5cR_RJlMYRMX68noZBeBeL1lnyBG8Kt1yOahWX45RcxHmWZyWCnWHT8WY8.l2lA9AT3NiJnqw7Btc4ka8a8RoK2gzGmGpAkvxcyoo7BoumPSfgCfYuJooBWpZtpOWihhO2uPHT6hnfJWhFQp2VOsXctbuMXwewd2dGKZMz4VyxagusCpQuNVV0lv9mcWS2ic6WFJZafva3WU3d5GIy4H09nedzbIa4LF.VQZM5CTOaAu_5J5pjRXen4CB1J0FnRqIg_.PEFdHZWAqmBS3.egl2E8WoJEDd5WFYPMV1_9JPl9aBaj44rkRaIaiZleihdoaRNN.SXQ89RYQtu_AmxyBlR0lirGIFp2sYCzck60rLiFVfzonOtNr4P7jdjbkNDTeIWHbrz8pj9uDi9UB1nGBBr9USCYPF_aZ1QPEpVIMjYAFyNGtD..sVXeZGzoHlUblorH8cY0ao8J.2Azg6XBFyMX9G26ptxRNqndjdb81KJxcK2VX3ChZl85UnX2Jzhp_ulrCIRM3J1pYzKCCABWbkHG5ckgqueSyxYnNuQ3bC1f90cPGrpBbLE9AdCx.p9GJfYw8ZzAGfKmka7mzjvDf1i1ZTVfcNyG7EqxmOL.LcTazDfrt6ybDdoTLuU2KHA3TIP0aJuQJKOdYfwB97s0QTot.qd5NNPe8kX5jgBtJOzkiLHDg_t5hFPjqQE0lC1bExUDQ2.cRGttDO31paXh3JZyvf74lz3wSPrZTdSjn30urE6xx7Rfu2frBLGDapDWY.H.PMfnEnJGCNMaOMzJ3iW2JhcnLTf_PhweW4Gy2b_2GTIJvAttFSWJ2Brm1NTt5itv2VdAN8VK_MBmv.dd2q4DwhVpLSBiO.guST5EMf0CHkrN1ZqkbQkVgRV3Aj2nI0hjR3X8MzMKC__cQvEGut2oZBuBHJa5EN9yZbbq4FlrqSoGg8_lUDq2O7imsnftWjaETHSX5YbHLwhiA.joat.UmcZximgVG2xLBwKiz4iJWHqJ1rhq76Gjk1m0V7hfAqr9nBlN.CZwDAn77bKjh3pLe7nGg82DKT4jT9fRAUxFKPiSXYX73w5yfg_KkU21o.nuNZQHQF8RNvaBXUUdFxihSqqdhJS5OO0GSgKIVv3xt_5wLO.x0dIkzEo_2LYTspTG.a.jolX9m5ggAhitGdxnAXsEw2_cnda9u86JqUyCJqHtoUugFJK23nlT6xmM4MQ_mFi.tI2b9UQ5Au_AB3tQS42AglmeIoWUU_qmaTkhIFR_98JObnWBYrT0.pJIoY5kAElltfu6tOU2_FGRpibq8tH3KUrzH.6FxrH_uGdaMhS92eqJazPQo81bmNwQHPlfTviMBgT9YRypT2j4PbHGIjClfRfS34LqR9kofvaZQPwCQatCDTbTmU_4xxSZFgTm1.En_r3Zm1WwznfT5S_No9yJgMzr7Zn1zjZnRD1a2Tj0JdUqye5mu5zhsH3.WJpgYMdCAackix6oMVK_fG313rUkuhUsdZrfbzmcccFGZDQ6gA5hQW4TPUgHj8eqgTIUJb2MUwBsjCOKbQdxgx6mow.j2UAGz8JpIhaei25zP07dTdwn5XQRsQrgNsWGZb9FuPWcMNEALn4dAFkTBHq.eVD1XX8x5.CAGeXDwmerfrbmpAxlhWK_n9YhZOjBNzEl"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134b1c2ab11ce31';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=aldehydes&__cf_chl_rt_tk=9.anmGACuESIgzKwHR8rDQuCJimSpyK4lk4OHnQnuZs-1739783951-1.0.1.1-F8zs02c5GuJFQk59SQRzbSdfgGgnwIUnmJGNvcDuuPk" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>