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nuclei </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Synthesis_of_superheavy_nuclei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decay_and_detection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decay_and_detection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Decay and detection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decay_and_detection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Discovery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Discovery </div> </a> <ul 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predicted_properties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Predicted properties </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Predicted_properties-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Predicted properties subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Predicted_properties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nuclear_stability_and_isotopes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuclear_stability_and_isotopes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Nuclear stability and isotopes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuclear_stability_and_isotopes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physical_and_atomic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_and_atomic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Physical and atomic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_and_atomic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chemical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Chemical </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Experimental_chemistry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Experimental_chemistry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Experimental chemistry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Experimental_chemistry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> 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</div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Moscovium</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 125 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-125" aria-hidden="true" > 125 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovium_(element)" title="Moskovium (element) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Moskovium (element)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9E%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%AE%E1%89%AA%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ሞስኮቪየም – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሞስኮቪየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="मॉस्कोवियम – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मॉस्कोवियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="موسكوفيوم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="موسكوفيوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Moscovio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ununpentiu" title="Ununpentiu – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Ununpentiu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscoviu" title="Moscoviu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Moscoviu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Moskovium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Moskovium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="মস্কোভিয়াম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মস্কোভিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Масковій – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Масковій" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Маскоў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Маскоў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="मॉस्कोवियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मॉस्कोवियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovij" title="Moskovij – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Moskovij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskoviom" title="Moskoviom – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Moskoviom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovi" title="Moscovi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Moscovi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ununpentium" title="Ununpentium – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ununpentium" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscoviu" title="Moscoviu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Moscoviu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscofiwm" title="Moscofiwm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Moscofiwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskoovium" title="Moskoovium – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Moskoovium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Μοσκόβιο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μοσκόβιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Унунпентий – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Унунпентий" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Moscovio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovio_(elemento)" title="Moskovio (elemento) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Moskovio (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovio" title="Moskovio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Moskovio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="مسکوویم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مسکوویم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ununpentium" title="Ununpentium – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ununpentium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ununpentium" title="Ununpentium – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Ununpentium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ununpentium" title="Ununpentium – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ununpentium" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosc%C3%B3iviam" title="Moscóiviam – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Moscóiviam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Moscovio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Унунпентиум – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Унунпентиум" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%94%EB%B8%80" title="모스코븀 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모스코븀" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Մոսկովիում – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոսկովիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="मॉस्कोवियम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मॉस्कोवियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovij" title="Moskovij – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Moskovij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovio" title="Moskovio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Moskovio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Moskovium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMcombi" title="UMcombi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UMcombi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosk%C3%B3v%C3%ADn" title="Moskóvín – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Moskóvín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Moscovio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="מוסקוביום – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוסקוביום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Moskovium" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%94s%C9%A9k%C9%94v%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Mɔsɩkɔvɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Mɔsɩkɔvɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅನನ್ಪೆಂಟಿಯಮ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅನನ್ಪೆಂಟಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მოსკოვიუმი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მოსკოვიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskoviom" title="Moskoviom – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Moskoviom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovi" title="Moskovi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Moskovi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskov%C3%AEy%C3%BBm" title="Moskovîyûm – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Moskovîyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovijs" title="Moskovijs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Moskovijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovis" title="Moskovis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Moskovis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2vio" title="Moscòvio – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Moscòvio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moszk%C3%B3vium" title="Moszkóvium – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Moszkóvium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Московиум – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Московиум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="മോസ്കൊവിയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മോസ്കൊവിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="अनुनपेन्टियम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अनुनपेन्टियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="موسكوفيوم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="موسكوفيوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Москови – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Москови" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="မော်စကိုဗီယမ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မော်စကိုဗီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%93%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="モスコビウム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モスコビウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskoowium" title="Moskoowium – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Moskoowium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Moskovium" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2vi" title="Moscòvi – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Moscòvi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskoviy" title="Moskoviy – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Moskoviy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85" title="مسکوويم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مسکوويم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskow_(pierwiastek)" title="Moskow (pierwiastek) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Moskow (pierwiastek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosc%C3%B3vio" title="Moscóvio – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Moscóvio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscoviu" title="Moscoviu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Moscoviu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muskupyu" title="Muskupyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Muskupyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2viu" title="Moscòviu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Moscòviu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskoviumi" title="Moskoviumi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Moskoviumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ununpentiu" title="Ununpentiu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ununpentiu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosk%C3%B3vium" title="Moskóvium – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Moskóvium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovij" title="Moskovij – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Moskovij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ununbentiyaam" title="Ununbentiyaam – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ununbentiyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%86%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%86%DA%A4%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="مۆسکۆڤیۆم – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مۆسکۆڤیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Московијум – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Московијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovijum" title="Moskovijum – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Moskovijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Moskovium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Moskovium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Moscovium" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மாசுக்கோவியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாசுக்கோவியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="మాస్కోవియం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మాస్కోవియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="มอสโกเวียม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มอสโกเวียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Московий – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Московий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskoviyum" title="Moskoviyum – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Moskoviyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Московій – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Московій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ماسکوویم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ماسکوویم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%87%D9%86%DB%87%D9%86%D9%BE%DB%90%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%8A" title="ئۇنۇنپېنتىي – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئۇنۇنپېنتىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovii_(himine_element)" title="Moskovii (himine element) – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Moskovii (himine element)" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovi" title="Moscovi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" 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							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Moscovium">reviewed</a> on 22 January 2025.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Element 115" redirects here. For fictional and conspiracy references to element 115, see <a href="/wiki/Materials_science_in_science_fiction" title="Materials science in science fiction">Materials science in science fiction</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chemical element with atomic number 115 (Mc)</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1158442001">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data>.wikitable,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox .periodictable{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data{width:calc(100% - 20px)}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data>div{max-width:100%;overflow:auto}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Moscovium, 115Mc</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:inherit; background:#fdff8c">Moscovium</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pronunciation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/mɒˈskoʊviəm/</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">mos-SKOH-vee-əm</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mass_number" title="Mass number">Mass number</a></th><td class="infobox-data">[290] (data not decisive)<a href="#cite_note-most_stable_isotope-3">[a]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:inherit; background:#fdff8c">Moscovium in the <a href="/wiki/Periodic_table" title="Periodic table">periodic table</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="periodictable" style="margin:0 auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none; width:5px"><div style="background-color:transparent; color:inherit; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:center; border:none;"> <table style="empty-cells:hidden; border:none; padding:0; border-spacing:1px; border-collapse:separate; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">Hydrogen</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">Helium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">Lithium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium">Beryllium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">Boron</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">Carbon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">Oxygen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fluorine" title="Fluorine">Fluorine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Neon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium">Sodium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Aluminium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon">Silicon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">Phosphorus</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" title="Sulfur">Sulfur</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">Chlorine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Argon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium">Potassium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">Calcium</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Scandium" title="Scandium">Scandium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Titanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">Vanadium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium">Chromium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">Manganese</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">Iron</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">Cobalt</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">Nickel</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">Copper</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Gallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">Arsenic</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Selenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bromine" title="Bromine">Bromine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton">Krypton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rubidium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">Strontium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">Yttrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" title="Zirconium">Zirconium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Niobium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">Molybdenum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" title="Technetium">Technetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" title="Ruthenium">Ruthenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" title="Rhodium">Rhodium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Palladium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">Silver</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">Cadmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">Indium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Tin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">Antimony</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" title="Tellurium">Tellurium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iodine" title="Iodine">Iodine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a> </td></tr> <tr style="border:none;padding:0;"> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" title="Caesium">Caesium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Barium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" title="Lanthanum">Lanthanum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" title="Cerium">Cerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" title="Praseodymium">Praseodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" title="Neodymium">Neodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" title="Promethium">Promethium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Samarium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Europium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gadolinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Terbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" title="Dysprosium">Dysprosium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Holmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Erbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" title="Thulium">Thulium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium">Ytterbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" title="Lutetium">Lutetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hafnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Tantalum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">Tungsten</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium">Rhenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Osmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Iridium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">Platinum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">Gold</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" title="Mercury (element)">Mercury (element)</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">Thallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">Lead</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">Bismuth</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Polonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Astatine" title="Astatine">Astatine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Radon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Francium" title="Francium">Francium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Radium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium">Actinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium">Thorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" title="Protactinium">Protactinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">Uranium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Neptunium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Plutonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Americium" title="Americium">Americium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium">Curium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Berkelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Californium" title="Californium">Californium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Einsteinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fermium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Mendelevium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">Nobelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" title="Lawrencium">Lawrencium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rutherfordium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Dubnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Seaborgium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bohrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hassium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Meitnerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Darmstadtium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Roentgenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">Copernicium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nihonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Flerovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Moscovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Livermorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" title="Tennessine">Tennessine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Oganesson</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; width:10px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">Bi</a> ↑ Mc ↓ — </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; padding-top:0; padding-bottom:1px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">flerovium</a> ← moscovium → <a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">livermorium</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Atomic_number" title="Atomic number">Atomic number</a> (Z)</th><td class="infobox-data">115</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Group_(periodic_table)" title="Group (periodic table)">Group</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pnictogen" title="Pnictogen">group 15 (pnictogens)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Period_(periodic_table)" title="Period (periodic table)">Period</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Period_7_element" title="Period 7 element">period 7</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Block_(periodic_table)" title="Block (periodic table)">Block</a></th><td class="infobox-data">  <a href="/wiki/Block_(periodic_table)#p-block" title="Block (periodic table)">p-block</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Electron_configuration" title="Electron configuration">Electron configuration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">[<a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a>] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p3 (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Electrons per shell</th><td class="infobox-data">2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 5 (predicted)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:inherit; background:#fdff8c">Physical properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Phase_(matter)" title="Phase (matter)">Phase</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>at <a href="/wiki/Standard_temperature_and_pressure" title="Standard temperature and pressure">STP</a></th><td class="infobox-data">solid (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">Melting point</a></th><td class="infobox-data">670 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (400 °C, 750 °F) (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Boiling_point" title="Boiling point">Boiling point</a></th><td class="infobox-data">~1400 K (~1100 °C, ~2000 °F) (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">Density</a> (near <a href="/wiki/Room_temperature" title="Room temperature">r.t.</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data">13.5 g/cm3 (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Enthalpy_of_fusion" title="Enthalpy of fusion">Heat of fusion</a></th><td class="infobox-data">5.90–5.98 <a href="/wiki/Kilojoule_per_mole" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilojoule per mole">kJ/mol</a> (extrapolated)<a href="#cite_note-B&K-6">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Enthalpy_of_vaporization" title="Enthalpy of vaporization">Heat of vaporization</a></th><td class="infobox-data">138 kJ/mol (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:inherit; background:#fdff8c">Atomic properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Oxidation_state" title="Oxidation state">Oxidation states</a></th><td class="infobox-data">common: (none) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ionization_energy" title="Ionization energy">Ionization energies</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1st: 538.3 kJ/mol (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-VPershina-7">[6]</a></li><li>2nd: 1760 kJ/mol (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a></li><li>3rd: 2650 kJ/mol (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a></li><li>(<a href="/wiki/Molar_ionization_energies_of_the_elements#moscovium" title="Molar ionization energies of the elements">more</a>) </li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Atomic_radius" title="Atomic radius">Atomic radius</a></th><td class="infobox-data">empirical: 187 <a href="/wiki/Picometre" title="Picometre">pm</a> (predicted)<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Covalent_radius" title="Covalent radius">Covalent radius</a></th><td class="infobox-data">156–158 pm (extrapolated)<a href="#cite_note-B&K-6">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:inherit; background:#fdff8c">Other properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Natural occurrence</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_element" title="Synthetic element">synthetic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></th><td class="infobox-data">54085-64-2 </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:inherit; background:#fdff8c">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Naming</th><td class="infobox-data">After <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> region</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_chemical_element_discoveries" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of chemical element discoveries">Discovery</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joint_Institute_for_Nuclear_Research" title="Joint Institute for Nuclear Research">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Livermore_National_Laboratory" title="Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory">Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory</a> (2003)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:inherit; background:#fdff8c"><a href="/wiki/Isotopes_of_moscovium" title="Isotopes of moscovium">Isotopes of moscovium</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_moscovium_isotopes" title="Template:Infobox moscovium isotopes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Infobox_moscovium_isotopes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Infobox moscovium isotopes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0; padding: 0;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Main isotopes </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Radioactive_decay" title="Radioactive decay">Decay</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <th style="padding: 0.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_abundance" title="Natural abundance">abundance</a> </th> <th style="padding: 0.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Half-life" title="Half-life">half-life</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" />(t1/2) </th> <th style="padding: 0.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Radioactive_decay#Types_of_decay" title="Radioactive decay">mode</a> </th> <th style="padding: 0.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Decay_product" title="Decay product">product</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;">286Mc </th> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_radioisotope" title="Synthetic radioisotope">synth</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">20 ms<a href="#cite_note-Kovrizhnykh-8">[7]</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"><a href="/wiki/Alpha_decay" title="Alpha decay">α</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium-282" class="mw-redirect" title="Nihonium-282">282Nh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;">287Mc </th> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">synth </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">38 ms </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">α </td> <td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Ununtrium-283" class="mw-redirect" title="Ununtrium-283">283Nh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;">288Mc </th> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">synth </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">193 ms </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">α </td> <td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Ununtrium-284" class="mw-redirect" title="Ununtrium-284">284Nh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;">289Mc </th> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">synth </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">250 ms<a href="#cite_note-E117-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-SHEsummary-10">[9]</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">α </td> <td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Ununtrium-285" class="mw-redirect" title="Ununtrium-285">285Nh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;">290Mc </th> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">synth </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;">650 ms<a href="#cite_note-E117-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-SHEsummary-10">[9]</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">α </td> <td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Ununtrium-286" class="mw-redirect" title="Ununtrium-286">286Nh</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint" style="color:inherit; background:#fdff8c"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Moscovium" title="Category:Moscovium">Category: Moscovium</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_moscovium" title="Template:Infobox moscovium">view</a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_moscovium" title="Template talk:Infobox moscovium">talk</a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Infobox_moscovium" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Infobox moscovium">edit</a></li></ul></div> | <a href="/wiki/List_of_data_references_for_chemical_elements" title="List of data references for chemical elements">references</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Moscovium is a <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_element" title="Synthetic element">synthetic chemical element</a>; it has <a href="/wiki/Chemical_symbol" title="Chemical symbol">symbol</a> Mc and <a href="/wiki/Atomic_number" title="Atomic number">atomic number</a> 115. It was first synthesized in 2003 by a joint team of Russian and American scientists at the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Institute_for_Nuclear_Research" title="Joint Institute for Nuclear Research">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</a> (JINR) in <a href="/wiki/Dubna" title="Dubna">Dubna</a>, Russia. In December 2015, it was recognized as one of four new elements by the <a href="/wiki/IUPAC/IUPAP_Joint_Working_Party" title="IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party">Joint Working Party</a> of international scientific bodies <a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry">IUPAC</a> and <a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Physics" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Physics">IUPAP</a>. On 28 November 2016, it was officially named after the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow Oblast</a>, in which the JINR is situated.<a href="#cite_note-IUPAC-20161130-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20161201-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-IUPAC-June2016-13">[12]</a> Moscovium is an extremely <a href="/wiki/Radioactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Radioactive">radioactive</a> element: its most stable known <a href="/wiki/Isotope" title="Isotope">isotope</a>, moscovium-290, has a <a href="/wiki/Half-life" title="Half-life">half-life</a> of only 0.65 seconds.<a href="#cite_note-SHEsummary-10">[9]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Periodic_table" title="Periodic table">periodic table</a>, it is a <a href="/wiki/P-block" class="mw-redirect" title="P-block">p-block</a> <a href="/wiki/Transactinide_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Transactinide element">transactinide element</a>. It is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Period_7_element" title="Period 7 element">7th period</a> and is placed in group 15 as the heaviest <a href="/wiki/Pnictogen" title="Pnictogen">pnictogen</a>. Moscovium is calculated to have some properties similar to its lighter homologues, <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">antimony</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">bismuth</a>, and to be a <a href="/wiki/Post-transition_metal" title="Post-transition metal">post-transition metal</a>, although it should also show several major differences from them. In particular, moscovium should also have significant similarities to <a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">thallium</a>, as both have one rather loosely bound electron outside a quasi-closed <a href="/wiki/Electron_shell" title="Electron shell">shell</a>. Chemical experimentation on single atoms has confirmed theoretical expectations that moscovium is less reactive than its lighter homologue bismuth. Over a hundred atoms of moscovium have been observed to date, all of which have been shown to have mass numbers from 286 to 290. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Introduction">Introduction</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Introduction">edit</a>]</div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Superheavy_element#Introduction" title="Superheavy element">Superheavy element § Introduction</a>.[<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Superheavy_element&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Synthesis_of_superheavy_nuclei">Synthesis of superheavy nuclei</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Excerpt&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section: Synthesis of superheavy nuclei">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A graphic depiction of a nuclear fusion reaction" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg/250px-Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg/330px-Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg/500px-Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>A graphic depiction of a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fusion" title="Nuclear fusion">nuclear fusion</a> reaction. Two nuclei fuse into one, emitting a <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutron</a>. Reactions that created new elements to this moment were similar, with the only possible difference that several singular neutrons sometimes were released, or none at all.</figcaption></figure> A superheavy<a href="#cite_note-17">[b]</a> <a href="/wiki/Atomic_nucleus" title="Atomic nucleus">atomic nucleus</a> is created in a nuclear reaction that combines two other nuclei of unequal size<a href="#cite_note-20">[c]</a> into one; roughly, the more unequal the two nuclei in terms of <a href="/wiki/Mass" title="Mass">mass</a>, the greater the possibility that the two react.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Bloomberg-21">[18]</a> The material made of the heavier nuclei is made into a target, which is then bombarded by the <a href="/wiki/Particle_beam" title="Particle beam">beam</a> of lighter nuclei. Two nuclei can only <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fusion" title="Nuclear fusion">fuse</a> into one if they approach each other closely enough; normally, nuclei (all positively charged) repel each other due to <a href="/wiki/Coulomb%27s_law" title="Coulomb's law">electrostatic repulsion</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Strong_interaction" title="Strong interaction">strong interaction</a> can overcome this repulsion but only within a very short distance from a nucleus; beam nuclei are thus greatly <a href="/wiki/Particle_accelerator" title="Particle accelerator">accelerated</a> in order to make such repulsion insignificant compared to the velocity of the beam nucleus.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_n+1-22">[19]</a> The energy applied to the beam nuclei to accelerate them can cause them to reach speeds as high as one-tenth of the <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_light" title="Speed of light">speed of light</a>. However, if too much energy is applied, the beam nucleus can fall apart.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_n+1-22">[19]</a> Coming close enough alone is not enough for two nuclei to fuse: when two nuclei approach each other, they usually remain together for about 10−20 seconds and then part ways (not necessarily in the same composition as before the reaction) rather than form a single nucleus.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_n+1-22">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[20]</a> This happens because during the attempted formation of a single nucleus, electrostatic repulsion tears apart the nucleus that is being formed.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_n+1-22">[19]</a> Each pair of a target and a beam is characterized by its <a href="/wiki/Cross_section_(physics)" title="Cross section (physics)">cross section</a>—the probability that fusion will occur if two nuclei approach one another expressed in terms of the transverse area that the incident particle must hit in order for the fusion to occur.<a href="#cite_note-25">[d]</a> This fusion may occur as a result of the quantum effect in which nuclei can <a href="/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling#Nuclear_fusion" title="Quantum tunnelling">tunnel</a> through electrostatic repulsion. If the two nuclei can stay close past that phase, multiple nuclear interactions result in redistribution of energy and an energy equilibrium.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_n+1-22">[19]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox" style="width: 230px; clear: left; float:left;margin:0 1.5em 1.5em 0;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YovAFlzFtzg">Visualization</a> of unsuccessful nuclear fusion, based on calculations from the <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[22]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The resulting merger is an <a href="/wiki/Excited_state" title="Excited state">excited state</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[23]</a>—termed a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_reaction#Compound_nuclear_reactions" title="Nuclear reaction">compound nucleus</a>—and thus it is very unstable.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_n+1-22">[19]</a> To reach a more stable state, the temporary merger may <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fission" title="Nuclear fission">fission</a> without formation of a more stable nucleus.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_CzechNuclear-28">[24]</a> Alternatively, the compound nucleus may eject a few <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutrons</a>, which would carry away the excitation energy; if the latter is not sufficient for a neutron expulsion, the merger would produce a <a href="/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray">gamma ray</a>. This happens in about 10−16 seconds after the initial nuclear collision and results in creation of a more stable nucleus.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_CzechNuclear-28">[24]</a> The definition by the <a href="/wiki/IUPAC/IUPAP_Joint_Working_Party" title="IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party">IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party</a> (JWP) states that a <a href="/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element">chemical element</a> can only be recognized as discovered if a nucleus of it has not <a href="/wiki/Radioactive_decay" title="Radioactive decay">decayed</a> within 10−14 seconds. This value was chosen as an estimate of how long it takes a nucleus to acquire <a href="/wiki/Electron" title="Electron">electrons</a> and thus display its chemical properties.<a href="#cite_note-29">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[e]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decay_and_detection">Decay and detection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Excerpt&action=edit&section=T-2" title="Edit section: Decay and detection">edit</a>]</div> The beam passes through the target and reaches the next chamber, the separator; if a new nucleus is produced, it is carried with this beam.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_SHEhowvideo-32">[27]</a> In the separator, the newly produced nucleus is separated from other nuclides (that of the original beam and any other reaction products)<a href="#cite_note-35">[f]</a> and transferred to a <a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_detector" title="Semiconductor detector">surface-barrier detector</a>, which stops the nucleus. The exact location of the upcoming impact on the detector is marked; also marked are its energy and the time of the arrival.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_SHEhowvideo-32">[27]</a> The transfer takes about 10−6 seconds; in order to be detected, the nucleus must survive this long.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZagrebaevKarpovGreiner20133-36">[30]</a> The nucleus is recorded again once its decay is registered, and the location, the <a href="/wiki/Decay_energy" title="Decay energy">energy</a>, and the time of the decay are measured.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_SHEhowvideo-32">[27]</a> Stability of a nucleus is provided by the strong interaction. However, its range is very short; as nuclei become larger, its influence on the outermost <a href="/wiki/Nucleon" title="Nucleon">nucleons</a> (<a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">protons</a> and neutrons) weakens. At the same time, the nucleus is torn apart by electrostatic repulsion between protons, and its range is not limited.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeiser2003432-37">[31]</a> Total <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_binding_energy" title="Nuclear binding energy">binding energy</a> provided by the strong interaction increases linearly with the number of nucleons, whereas electrostatic repulsion increases with the square of the atomic number, i.e. the latter grows faster and becomes increasingly important for heavy and superheavy nuclei.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BrusselsAlpha-38">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BrusselsSF-39">[33]</a> Superheavy nuclei are thus theoretically predicted<a href="#cite_note-40">[34]</a> and have so far been observed<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAudi_et_al.2017030001-129–030001-138-41">[35]</a> to predominantly decay via decay modes that are caused by such repulsion: <a href="/wiki/Alpha_decay" title="Alpha decay">alpha decay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spontaneous_fission" title="Spontaneous fission">spontaneous fission</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[g]</a> Almost all alpha emitters have over 210 nucleons,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeiser2003433-44">[37]</a> and the lightest nuclide primarily undergoing spontaneous fission has 238.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAudi_et_al.2017030001-125-45">[38]</a> In both decay modes, nuclei are inhibited from decaying by corresponding <a href="/wiki/Rectangular_potential_barrier" title="Rectangular potential barrier">energy barriers</a> for each mode, but they can be tunneled through.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BrusselsAlpha-38">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BrusselsSF-39">[33]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apparatus_for_creation_of_superheavy_elements_en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Apparatus for creation of superheavy elements" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Apparatus_for_creation_of_superheavy_elements_en.svg/500px-Apparatus_for_creation_of_superheavy_elements_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Apparatus_for_creation_of_superheavy_elements_en.svg/660px-Apparatus_for_creation_of_superheavy_elements_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Apparatus_for_creation_of_superheavy_elements_en.svg/880px-Apparatus_for_creation_of_superheavy_elements_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="220" /></a><figcaption>Scheme of an apparatus for creation of superheavy elements, based on the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator set up in the <a href="/wiki/Flerov_Laboratory_of_Nuclear_Reactions" class="mw-redirect" title="Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions">Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions</a> in JINR. The trajectory within the detector and the beam focusing apparatus changes because of a <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_dipole" title="Magnetic dipole">dipole magnet</a> in the former and <a href="/wiki/Quadrupole_magnet" title="Quadrupole magnet">quadrupole magnets</a> in the latter.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Aksenov-46">[39]</a></figcaption></figure> Alpha particles are commonly produced in radioactive decays because the mass of an alpha particle per nucleon is small enough to leave some energy for the alpha particle to be used as kinetic energy to leave the nucleus.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeiser2003432–433-47">[40]</a> Spontaneous fission is caused by electrostatic repulsion tearing the nucleus apart and produces various nuclei in different instances of identical nuclei fissioning.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BrusselsSF-39">[33]</a> As the atomic number increases, spontaneous fission rapidly becomes more important: spontaneous fission partial half-lives decrease by 23 orders of magnitude from <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> (element 92) to <a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">nobelium</a> (element 102),<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Oganessian12-48">[41]</a> and by 30 orders of magnitude from <a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium">thorium</a> (element 90) to <a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">fermium</a> (element 100).<a href="#cite_note-49">[42]</a> The earlier <a href="/wiki/Liquid_drop_model" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid drop model">liquid drop model</a> thus suggested that spontaneous fission would occur nearly instantly due to disappearance of the <a href="/wiki/Fission_barrier" title="Fission barrier">fission barrier</a> for nuclei with about 280 nucleons.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BrusselsSF-39">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Oganessian04-50">[43]</a> The later <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_shell_model" title="Nuclear shell model">nuclear shell model</a> suggested that nuclei with about 300 nucleons would form an <a href="/wiki/Island_of_stability" title="Island of stability">island of stability</a> in which nuclei will be more resistant to spontaneous fission and will primarily undergo alpha decay with longer half-lives.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BrusselsSF-39">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Oganessian04-50">[43]</a> Subsequent discoveries suggested that the predicted island might be further than originally anticipated; they also showed that nuclei intermediate between the long-lived actinides and the predicted island are deformed, and gain additional stability from shell effects.<a href="#cite_note-51">[44]</a> Experiments on lighter superheavy nuclei,<a href="#cite_note-52">[45]</a> as well as those closer to the expected island,<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Oganessian12-48">[41]</a> have shown greater than previously anticipated stability against spontaneous fission, showing the importance of shell effects on nuclei.<a href="#cite_note-53">[h]</a> Alpha decays are registered by the emitted alpha particles, and the decay products are easy to determine before the actual decay; if such a decay or a series of consecutive decays produces a known nucleus, the original product of a reaction can be easily determined.<a href="#cite_note-57">[i]</a> (That all decays within a decay chain were indeed related to each other is established by the location of these decays, which must be in the same place.)<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_SHEhowvideo-32">[27]</a> The known nucleus can be recognized by the specific characteristics of decay it undergoes such as decay energy (or more specifically, the <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy" title="Kinetic energy">kinetic energy</a> of the emitted particle).<a href="#cite_note-58">[j]</a> Spontaneous fission, however, produces various nuclei as products, so the original nuclide cannot be determined from its daughters.<a href="#cite_note-61">[k]</a> The information available to physicists aiming to synthesize a superheavy element is thus the information collected at the detectors: location, energy, and time of arrival of a particle to the detector, and those of its decay. The physicists analyze this data and seek to conclude that it was indeed caused by a new element and could not have been caused by a different nuclide than the one claimed. Often, provided data is insufficient for a conclusion that a new element was definitely created and there is no other explanation for the observed effects; errors in interpreting data have been made.<a href="#cite_note-67">[l]</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Discoveries_of_the_chemical_elements" class="mw-redirect" title="Discoveries of the chemical elements">Discoveries of the chemical elements</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RedSquare_(pixinn.net).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/RedSquare_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/330px-RedSquare_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/RedSquare_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/500px-RedSquare_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/RedSquare_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/960px-RedSquare_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1085" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>A view of the famous <a href="/wiki/Red_Square" title="Red Square">Red Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>. The region around the city was honored by the discoverers as "the ancient Russian land that is the home of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research" and became the namesake of moscovium.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discovery">Discovery</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Discovery">edit</a>]</div> The first successful <a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_the_chemical_elements" class="mw-redirect" title="Discovery of the chemical elements">synthesis</a> of moscovium was by a joint team of Russian and American scientists in August 2003 at the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Institute_for_Nuclear_Research" title="Joint Institute for Nuclear Research">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</a> (JINR) in <a href="/wiki/Dubna" title="Dubna">Dubna</a>, Russia. Headed by Russian nuclear physicist <a href="/wiki/Yuri_Oganessian" title="Yuri Oganessian">Yuri Oganessian</a>, the team included American scientists of the <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Livermore_National_Laboratory" title="Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory">Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory</a>. The researchers on February 2, 2004, stated in <a href="/wiki/Physical_Review" title="Physical Review">Physical Review C</a> that they bombarded <a href="/wiki/Americium" title="Americium">americium</a>-243 with calcium-48 ions to produce four atoms of moscovium. These atoms decayed by emission of alpha-particles to <a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">nihonium</a> in about 100 milliseconds.<a href="#cite_note-68">[56]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996643573">.mw-parser-output .block-indent{padding-left:3em;padding-right:0;overflow:hidden}</style><div class="block-indent"><a href="/wiki/Americium-243" class="mw-redirect" title="Americium-243">243 95Am </a> + <a href="/wiki/Calcium-48" title="Calcium-48">48 20Ca </a> → <a href="/wiki/Moscovium-288" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscovium-288">288 115Mc </a> + 3 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">1 0n </a> → <a href="/wiki/Nihonium-284" class="mw-redirect" title="Nihonium-284">284 113Nh </a> + <a href="/wiki/Alpha_particle" title="Alpha particle"> α </a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r996643573" /><div class="block-indent">243 95Am + 48 20Ca → <a href="/wiki/Moscovium-287" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscovium-287">287 115Mc </a> + 4 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">1 0n </a> → <a href="/wiki/Nihonium-283" class="mw-redirect" title="Nihonium-283">283 113Nh </a> + <a href="/wiki/Alpha_particle" title="Alpha particle"> α </a></div> The Dubna–Livermore collaboration strengthened their claim to the discoveries of moscovium and nihonium by conducting chemical experiments on the final <a href="/wiki/Decay_product" title="Decay product">decay product</a> 268Db. None of the nuclides in this decay chain were previously known, so existing experimental data was not available to support their claim. In June 2004 and December 2005, the presence of a <a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">dubnium</a> isotope was confirmed by extracting the final decay products, measuring <a href="/wiki/Spontaneous_fission" title="Spontaneous fission">spontaneous fission</a> (SF) activities and using chemical identification techniques to confirm that they behave like a <a href="/wiki/Group_5_element" title="Group 5 element">group 5 element</a> (as dubnium is known to be in group 5 of the periodic table).<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-E115-69">[57]</a> Both the half-life and the decay mode were confirmed for the proposed 268Db, lending support to the assignment of the parent nucleus to moscovium.<a href="#cite_note-E115-69">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[58]</a> However, in 2011, the <a href="/wiki/IUPAC/IUPAP_Joint_Working_Party" title="IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party">IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party</a> (JWP) did not recognize the two elements as having been discovered, because current theory could not distinguish the chemical properties of <a href="/wiki/Group_4_element" title="Group 4 element">group 4</a> and group 5 elements with sufficient confidence.<a href="#cite_note-JWP-71">[59]</a> Furthermore, the decay properties of all the nuclei in the decay chain of moscovium had not been previously characterized before the Dubna experiments, a situation which the JWP generally considers "troublesome, but not necessarily exclusive".<a href="#cite_note-JWP-71">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road_to_confirmation">Road to confirmation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Road to confirmation">edit</a>]</div> Two heavier isotopes of moscovium, 289Mc and 290Mc, were discovered in 2009–2010 as daughters of the <a href="/wiki/Tennessine" title="Tennessine">tennessine</a> isotopes 293Ts and 294Ts; the isotope 289Mc was later also synthesized directly and confirmed to have the same properties as found in the tennessine experiments.<a href="#cite_note-E117-9">[8]</a> In 2011, the <a href="/wiki/IUPAC/IUPAP_Joint_Working_Party" title="IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party">Joint Working Party</a> of international scientific bodies <a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry">International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry</a> (IUPAC) and <a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Physics" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Physics">International Union of Pure and Applied Physics</a> (IUPAP) evaluated the 2004 and 2007 Dubna experiments, and concluded that they did not meet the criteria for discovery. Another evaluation of more recent experiments took place within the next few years, and a claim to the discovery of moscovium was again put forward by Dubna.<a href="#cite_note-JWP-71">[59]</a> In August 2013, a team of researchers at <a href="/wiki/Lund_University" title="Lund University">Lund University</a> and at the <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Schwerionenforschung" class="mw-redirect" title="Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung">Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung</a> (GSI) in <a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> announced they had repeated the 2004 experiment, confirming Dubna's findings.<a href="#cite_note-72">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[61]</a> Simultaneously, the 2004 experiment had been repeated at Dubna, now additionally also creating the isotope 289Mc that could serve as a cross-bombardment for confirming the discovery of the <a href="/wiki/Tennessine" title="Tennessine">tennessine</a> isotope 293Ts in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-74">[62]</a> Further confirmation was published by the team at the <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Berkeley_National_Laboratory" title="Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory</a> in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-75">[63]</a> In December 2015, the IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party recognized the element's discovery and assigned the priority to the Dubna-Livermore collaboration of 2009–2010, giving them the right to suggest a permanent name for it.<a href="#cite_note-76">[64]</a> While they did not recognise the experiments synthesising 287Mc and 288Mc as persuasive due to the lack of a convincing identification of atomic number via cross-reactions, they recognised the 293Ts experiments as persuasive because its daughter 289Mc had been produced independently and found to exhibit the same properties.<a href="#cite_note-Karol-74">[62]</a> In May 2016, <a href="/wiki/Lund_University" title="Lund University">Lund University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lund" title="Lund">Lund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scania</a>, Sweden) and GSI cast some doubt on the syntheses of moscovium and tennessine. The decay chains assigned to 289Mc, the isotope instrumental in the confirmation of the syntheses of moscovium and tennessine, were found based on a new statistical method to be too different to belong to the same nuclide with a reasonably high probability. The reported 293Ts decay chains approved as such by the JWP were found to require splitting into individual data sets assigned to different tennessine isotopes. It was also found that the claimed link between the decay chains reported as from 293Ts and 289Mc probably did not exist. (On the other hand, the chains from the non-approved isotope 294Ts were found to be <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/congruent" class="extiw" title="wikt:congruent">congruent</a>.) The multiplicity of states found when nuclides that are not <a href="/wiki/Even_and_odd_atomic_nuclei" title="Even and odd atomic nuclei">even–even</a> undergo alpha decay is not unexpected and contributes to the lack of clarity in the cross-reactions. This study criticized the JWP report for overlooking subtleties associated with this issue, and considered it "problematic" that the only argument for the acceptance of the discoveries of moscovium and tennessine was a link they considered to be doubtful.<a href="#cite_note-77">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[66]</a> On June 8, 2017, two members of the Dubna team published a journal article answering these criticisms, analysing their data on the nuclides 293Ts and 289Mc with widely accepted statistical methods, noted that the 2016 studies indicating non-congruence produced problematic results when applied to radioactive decay: they excluded from the 90% confidence interval both average and extreme decay times, and the decay chains that would be excluded from the 90% confidence interval they chose were more probable to be observed than those that would be included. The 2017 reanalysis concluded that the observed decay chains of 293Ts and 289Mc were consistent with the assumption that only one nuclide was present at each step of the chain, although it would be desirable to be able to directly measure the mass number of the originating nucleus of each chain as well as the excitation function of the 243Am+48Ca reaction.<a href="#cite_note-79">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naming">Naming</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Naming">edit</a>]</div> Using <a href="/wiki/Mendeleev%27s_predicted_elements" title="Mendeleev's predicted elements">Mendeleev's nomenclature for unnamed and undiscovered elements</a>, moscovium is sometimes known as eka-<a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">bismuth</a>. In 1979, IUPAC recommended that the <a href="/wiki/Placeholder_name" title="Placeholder name">placeholder</a> <a href="/wiki/Systematic_element_name" title="Systematic element name">systematic element name</a> ununpentium (with the corresponding symbol of Uup)<a href="#cite_note-iupac-80">[68]</a> be used until the discovery of the element is confirmed and a permanent name is decided. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who called it "element 115", with the symbol of E115, (115) or even simply 115.<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a> On 30 December 2015, discovery of the element was recognized by the <a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry">International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry</a> (IUPAC).<a href="#cite_note-81">[69]</a> According to IUPAC recommendations, the discoverer(s) of a new element has the right to suggest a name.<a href="#cite_note-82">[70]</a> A suggested name was langevinium, after <a href="/wiki/Paul_Langevin" title="Paul Langevin">Paul Langevin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[71]</a> Later, the Dubna team mentioned the name moscovium several times as one among many possibilities, referring to the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow Oblast</a> where Dubna is located.<a href="#cite_note-84">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[73]</a> In June 2016, IUPAC endorsed the latter proposal to be formally accepted by the end of the year, which it was on 28 November 2016.<a href="#cite_note-IUPAC-June2016-13">[12]</a> The naming ceremony for moscovium, tennessine, and oganesson was held on 2 March 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Russian Academy of Sciences">Russian Academy of Sciences</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_routes_of_synthesis">Other routes of synthesis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other routes of synthesis">edit</a>]</div> In 2024, the team at JINR reported the observation of one decay chain of 289Mc while studying the reaction between <a href="/wiki/Plutonium-242" title="Plutonium-242">242Pu</a> and 50Ti, aimed at producing more neutron-deficient <a href="/wiki/Isotopes_of_livermorium" title="Isotopes of livermorium">livermorium isotopes</a> in preparation for synthesis attempts of elements <a href="/wiki/Ununennium" title="Ununennium">119</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unbinilium" title="Unbinilium">120</a>. This was the first successful report of a charged-particle exit channel – the evaporation of a proton and two neutrons, rather than only neutrons, as the compound nucleus de-excites to the <a href="/wiki/Ground_state" title="Ground state">ground state</a> – in a hot fusion reaction between an actinide target and a projectile with atomic number greater than or equal to 20.<a href="#cite_note-jinr2024-87">[75]</a> Such reactions have been proposed as a novel synthesis route for yet-undiscovered isotopes of superheavy elements with several neutrons more than the known ones, which may be closer to the theorized <a href="/wiki/Island_of_stability" title="Island of stability">island of stability</a> and have longer half-lives. In particular, the isotopes 291Mc–293Mc may be reachable in these types of reactions within current detection limits.<a href="#cite_note-Yerevan2023PPT-88">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-pxn-89">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Predicted_properties">Predicted properties</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Predicted properties">edit</a>]</div> Other than nuclear properties, no properties of moscovium or its compounds have been measured; this is due to its extremely limited and expensive production<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Bloomberg-21">[18]</a> and the fact that it decays very quickly. Properties of moscovium remain unknown and only predictions are available. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nuclear_stability_and_isotopes">Nuclear stability and isotopes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Nuclear stability and isotopes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Isotopes_of_moscovium" title="Isotopes of moscovium">Isotopes of moscovium</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Island_of_Stability_derived_from_Zagrebaev.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Island_of_Stability_derived_from_Zagrebaev.svg/400px-Island_of_Stability_derived_from_Zagrebaev.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Island_of_Stability_derived_from_Zagrebaev.svg/600px-Island_of_Stability_derived_from_Zagrebaev.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Island_of_Stability_derived_from_Zagrebaev.svg/800px-Island_of_Stability_derived_from_Zagrebaev.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1155" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>The expected location of the island of stability. The dotted line is the line of <a href="/wiki/Beta_stability" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta stability">beta stability</a>.</figcaption></figure> Moscovium is expected to be within an <a href="/wiki/Island_of_stability" title="Island of stability">island of stability</a> centered on <a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">copernicium</a> (element 112) and <a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">flerovium</a> (element 114).<a href="#cite_note-Zagrebaev-90">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[79]</a> Due to the expected high fission barriers, any nucleus within this <a href="/wiki/Island_of_stability" title="Island of stability">island of stability</a> exclusively decays by alpha decay and perhaps some electron capture and <a href="/wiki/Beta_decay" title="Beta decay">beta decay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Although the known isotopes of moscovium do not actually have enough neutrons to be on the island of stability, they can be seen to approach the island as in general, the heavier isotopes are the longer-lived ones.<a href="#cite_note-E117-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-SHEsummary-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-E115-69">[57]</a> The hypothetical isotope 291Mc is an especially interesting case as it has only one neutron more than the heaviest known moscovium isotope, 290Mc. It could plausibly be synthesized as the daughter of 295Ts, which in turn could be made from the reaction 249Bk(48Ca,2n)295Ts.<a href="#cite_note-Zagrebaev-90">[78]</a> Calculations show that it may have a significant <a href="/wiki/Electron_capture" title="Electron capture">electron capture</a> or <a href="/wiki/Positron_emission" title="Positron emission">positron emission</a> decay mode in addition to alpha decay and also have a relatively long half-life of several seconds. This would produce 291<a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a>, 291Nh, and finally 291<a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">Cn</a> which is expected to be in the middle of the island of stability and have a half-life of about 1200 years, affording the most likely hope of reaching the middle of the island using current technology. Possible drawbacks are that the cross section of the production reaction of 295Ts is expected to be low and the decay properties of superheavy nuclei this close to the line of <a href="/wiki/Beta_stability" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta stability">beta stability</a> are largely unexplored.<a href="#cite_note-Zagrebaev-90">[78]</a> The heavy isotopes from 291Mc to 294Mc might also be produced using charged-particle evaporation, in the 245Cm(48Ca,pxn) and 248Cm(48Ca,pxn) reactions.<a href="#cite_note-Yerevan2023PPT-88">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-pxn-89">[77]</a> The light isotopes 284Mc, 285Mc, and 286Mc could be made from the 241Am+48Ca reaction. They would undergo a chain of alpha decays, ending at transactinide isotopes too light to be made by hot fusion and too heavy to be made by cold fusion.<a href="#cite_note-Zagrebaev-90">[78]</a> The isotope 286Mc was found in 2021 at Dubna, in the 243Am(48Ca,5n)286Mc reaction: it decays into the already-known 282Nh and its daughters.<a href="#cite_note-92">[80]</a> The yet lighter 282Mc and 283Mc could be made from 243Am+44Ca, but the cross-section would likely be lower.<a href="#cite_note-Zagrebaev-90">[78]</a> Other possibilities to synthesize nuclei on the island of stability include quasifission (partial fusion followed by fission) of a massive nucleus.<a href="#cite_note-ZG-93">[81]</a> Such nuclei tend to fission, expelling doubly <a href="/wiki/Magic_number_(physics)" title="Magic number (physics)">magic</a> or nearly doubly magic fragments such as <a href="/wiki/Calcium-40" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcium-40">calcium-40</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tin-132" class="mw-redirect" title="Tin-132">tin-132</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lead-208" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead-208">lead-208</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Bismuth-209" title="Bismuth-209">bismuth-209</a>.<a href="#cite_note-jinr20006-94">[82]</a> It has been shown that the multi-nucleon transfer reactions in collisions of actinide nuclei (such as <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium">curium</a>) might be used to synthesize the neutron-rich superheavy nuclei located at the <a href="/wiki/Island_of_stability" title="Island of stability">island of stability</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ZG-93">[81]</a> although formation of the lighter elements <a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">nobelium</a> or <a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">seaborgium</a> is more favored.<a href="#cite_note-Zagrebaev-90">[78]</a> One last possibility to synthesize isotopes near the island is to use controlled <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_explosion" title="Nuclear explosion">nuclear explosions</a> to create a <a href="/wiki/Neutron_flux" title="Neutron flux">neutron flux</a> high enough to bypass the gaps of instability at 258–260<a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Mass_number" title="Mass number">mass number</a> 275 (atomic numbers <a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">104</a> to <a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">108</a>), mimicking the <a href="/wiki/R-process" title="R-process">r-process</a> in which the <a href="/wiki/Actinide" title="Actinide">actinides</a> were first produced in nature and the gap of instability around <a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">radon</a> bypassed.<a href="#cite_note-Zagrebaev-90">[78]</a> Some such isotopes (especially 291Cn and 293Cn) may even have been synthesized in nature, but would have decayed away far too quickly (with half-lives of only thousands of years) and be produced in far too small quantities (about 10−12 the abundance of <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>) to be detectable as <a href="/wiki/Primordial_nuclide" title="Primordial nuclide">primordial nuclides</a> today outside <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_ray" title="Cosmic ray">cosmic rays</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Zagrebaev-90">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical_and_atomic">Physical and atomic</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Physical and atomic">edit</a>]</div> In the <a href="/wiki/Periodic_table" title="Periodic table">periodic table</a>, moscovium is a member of group 15, the pnictogens. It appears below <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">antimony</a>, and bismuth. Every previous pnictogen has five electrons in its valence shell, forming a <a href="/wiki/Valence_electron" title="Valence electron">valence electron</a> configuration of ns2np3. In moscovium's case, the trend should be continued and the valence electron configuration is predicted to be 7s27p3;<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a> therefore, moscovium will behave similarly to its lighter <a href="/wiki/Congener_(chemistry)" title="Congener (chemistry)">congeners</a> in many respects. However, notable differences are likely to arise; a largely contributing effect is the <a href="/wiki/Spin%E2%80%93orbit_interaction" title="Spin–orbit interaction">spin–orbit (SO) interaction</a>—the mutual interaction between the electrons' motion and <a href="/wiki/Spin_(physics)" title="Spin (physics)">spin</a>. It is especially strong for the superheavy elements, because their electrons move much faster than in lighter atoms, at velocities comparable to the <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_light" title="Speed of light">speed of light</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Thayer-95">[83]</a> In relation to moscovium atoms, it lowers the 7s and the 7p electron energy levels (stabilizing the corresponding electrons), but two of the 7p electron energy levels are stabilized more than the other four.<a href="#cite_note-Faegri-96">[84]</a> The stabilization of the 7s electrons is called the <a href="/wiki/Inert-pair_effect" title="Inert-pair effect">inert-pair effect</a>, and the effect "tearing" the 7p subshell into the more stabilized and the less stabilized parts is called subshell splitting. Computation chemists see the split as a change of the second (<a href="/wiki/Azimuthal_quantum_number" title="Azimuthal quantum number">azimuthal</a>) <a href="/wiki/Quantum_number" title="Quantum number">quantum number</a> l from 1 to <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>1⁄2 and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" />3⁄2 for the more stabilized and less stabilized parts of the 7p subshell, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-Thayer-95">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[m]</a> For many theoretical purposes, the valence electron configuration may be represented to reflect the 7p subshell split as 7s2 7p2 1/27p1 3/2.<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a> These effects cause moscovium's chemistry to be somewhat different from that of its lighter <a href="/wiki/Congener_(chemistry)" title="Congener (chemistry)">congeners</a>. The valence electrons of moscovium fall into three subshells: 7s (two electrons), 7p1/2 (two electrons), and 7p3/2 (one electron). The first two of these are relativistically stabilized and hence behave as <a href="/wiki/Inert-pair_effect" title="Inert-pair effect">inert pairs</a>, while the last is relativistically destabilized and can easily participate in chemistry.<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a> (The 6d electrons are not destabilized enough to participate chemically.)<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Thus, the +1 <a href="/wiki/Oxidation_state" title="Oxidation state">oxidation state</a> should be favored, like <a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">Tl</a>+, and consistent with this the first <a href="/wiki/Ionization_potential" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionization potential">ionization potential</a> of moscovium should be around 5.58 <a href="/wiki/Electronvolt" title="Electronvolt">eV</a>, continuing the trend towards lower ionization potentials down the pnictogens.<a href="#cite_note-Haire-4">[3]</a> Moscovium and nihonium both have one electron outside a quasi-closed shell configuration that can be <a href="/wiki/Delocalization" class="mw-redirect" title="Delocalization">delocalized</a> in the metallic state: thus they should have similar <a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">melting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boiling_point" title="Boiling point">boiling points</a> (both melting around 400 °C and boiling around 1100 °C) due to the strength of their <a href="/wiki/Metallic_bond" class="mw-redirect" title="Metallic bond">metallic bonds</a> being similar.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Additionally, the predicted ionization potential, <a href="/wiki/Ionic_radius" title="Ionic radius">ionic radius</a> (1.5 <a href="/wiki/Angstrom" title="Angstrom">Å</a> for Mc+; 1.0 Å for Mc3+), and <a href="/wiki/Polarizability" title="Polarizability">polarizability</a> of Mc+ are expected to be more similar to Tl+ than its true congener <a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">Bi3+</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Moscovium should be a dense metal due to its high <a href="/wiki/Atomic_weight" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomic weight">atomic weight</a>, with a density around 13.5 g/cm3.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> The electron of the <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen-like_atom" title="Hydrogen-like atom">hydrogen-like</a> moscovium atom (oxidized so that it only has one electron, Mc114+) is expected to move so fast that it has a mass 1.82 times that of a stationary electron, due to <a href="/wiki/Relativistic_quantum_chemistry" title="Relativistic quantum chemistry">relativistic effects</a>. For comparison, the figures for hydrogen-like bismuth and antimony are expected to be 1.25 and 1.077 respectively.<a href="#cite_note-Thayer-95">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chemical">Chemical</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Chemical">edit</a>]</div> Moscovium is predicted to be the third member of the 7p series of <a href="/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element">chemical elements</a> and the heaviest member of group 15 in the periodic table, below <a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">bismuth</a>. Unlike the two previous 7p elements, moscovium is expected to be a good homologue of its lighter congener, in this case bismuth.<a href="#cite_note-Zaitsevskii-98">[85]</a> In this group, each member is known to portray the group oxidation state of +5 but with differing stability. For nitrogen, the +5 state is mostly a formal explanation of molecules like <a href="/wiki/Dinitrogen_pentoxide" title="Dinitrogen pentoxide">N2O5</a>: it is very difficult to have five <a href="/wiki/Covalent_bond" title="Covalent bond">covalent bonds</a> to nitrogen due to the inability of the small nitrogen atom to accommodate five <a href="/wiki/Ligand" title="Ligand">ligands</a>. The +5 state is well represented for the essentially non-relativistic typical pnictogens <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">antimony</a>. However, for bismuth it becomes rare due to the relativistic stabilization of the 6s orbitals known as the <a href="/wiki/Inert-pair_effect" title="Inert-pair effect">inert-pair effect</a>, so that the 6s electrons are reluctant to bond chemically. It is expected that moscovium will have an inert-pair effect for both the 7s and the 7p1/2 electrons, as the <a href="/wiki/Binding_energy" title="Binding energy">binding energy</a> of the lone 7p3/2 electron is noticeably lower than that of the 7p1/2 electrons. Nitrogen(I) and bismuth(I) are known but rare and moscovium(I) is likely to show some unique properties,<a href="#cite_note-99">[86]</a> probably behaving more like thallium(I) than bismuth(I).<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Because of spin-orbit coupling, <a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">flerovium</a> may display closed-shell or noble gas-like properties; if this is the case, moscovium will likely be typically monovalent as a result, since the cation Mc+ will have the same electron configuration as flerovium, perhaps giving moscovium some <a href="/wiki/Alkali_metal" title="Alkali metal">alkali metal</a> character.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Calculations predict that moscovium(I) fluoride and chloride would be ionic compounds, with an ionic radius of about 109–114 pm for Mc+, although the 7p1/2 lone pair on the Mc+ ion should be highly <a href="/wiki/Polarizability" title="Polarizability">polarisable</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[87]</a> The Mc3+ cation should behave like its true lighter homolog Bi3+.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> The 7s electrons are too stabilized to be able to contribute chemically and hence the +5 state should be impossible and moscovium may be considered to have only three valence electrons.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Moscovium would be quite a reactive metal, with a <a href="/wiki/Standard_reduction_potential" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard reduction potential">standard reduction potential</a> of −1.5 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a> for the Mc+/Mc couple.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> The chemistry of moscovium in <a href="/wiki/Aqueous_solution" title="Aqueous solution">aqueous solution</a> should essentially be that of the Mc+ and Mc3+ ions. The former should be easily <a href="/wiki/Hydrolysis" title="Hydrolysis">hydrolyzed</a> and not be easily <a href="/wiki/Coordination_complex" title="Coordination complex">complexed</a> with <a href="/wiki/Halide" title="Halide">halides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyanide" title="Cyanide">cyanide</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">ammonia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Moscovium(I) <a href="/wiki/Hydroxide" title="Hydroxide">hydroxide</a> (McOH), <a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">carbonate</a> (Mc2CO3), <a href="/wiki/Oxalate" title="Oxalate">oxalate</a> (Mc2C2O4), and <a href="/wiki/Fluoride" title="Fluoride">fluoride</a> (McF) should be soluble in water; the <a href="/wiki/Sulfide" title="Sulfide">sulfide</a> (Mc2S) should be insoluble; and the <a href="/wiki/Chloride" title="Chloride">chloride</a> (McCl), <a href="/wiki/Bromide" title="Bromide">bromide</a> (McBr), <a href="/wiki/Iodide" title="Iodide">iodide</a> (McI), and <a href="/wiki/Thiocyanate" title="Thiocyanate">thiocyanate</a> (McSCN) should be only slightly soluble, so that adding excess <a href="/wiki/Hydrochloric_acid" title="Hydrochloric acid">hydrochloric acid</a> would not noticeably affect the solubility of moscovium(I) chloride.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Mc3+ should be about as stable as Tl3+ and hence should also be an important part of moscovium chemistry, although its closest <a href="/wiki/Homologous_series" title="Homologous series">homolog</a> among the elements should be its lighter congener Bi3+.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Moscovium(III) fluoride (McF3) and <a href="/wiki/Thiozonide" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiozonide">thiozonide</a> (McS3) should be insoluble in water, similar to the corresponding bismuth compounds, while moscovium(III) chloride (McCl3), bromide (McBr3), and iodide (McI3) should be readily soluble and easily hydrolyzed to form <a href="/wiki/Oxyhalide" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxyhalide">oxyhalides</a> such as McOCl and McOBr, again analogous to bismuth.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Both moscovium(I) and moscovium(III) should be common oxidation states and their relative stability should depend greatly on what they are complexed with and the likelihood of hydrolysis.<a href="#cite_note-Fricke1975-5">[4]</a> Like its lighter homologues <a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">ammonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phosphine" title="Phosphine">phosphine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arsine" title="Arsine">arsine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stibine" title="Stibine">stibine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bismuthine" title="Bismuthine">bismuthine</a>, moscovine (McH3) is expected to have a <a href="/wiki/Trigonal_pyramidal_molecular_geometry" title="Trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry">trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry</a>, with an Mc–H bond length of 195.4 pm and a H–Mc–H bond angle of 91.8° (bismuthine has bond length 181.7 pm and bond angle 91.9°; stibine has bond length 172.3 pm and bond angle 92.0°).<a href="#cite_note-101">[88]</a> In the predicted <a href="/wiki/Aromaticity" title="Aromaticity">aromatic</a> pentagonal planar Mc− 5 cluster, analogous to <a href="/wiki/Pentazole" title="Pentazole">pentazolate</a> (N− 5), the Mc–Mc bond length is expected to be expanded from the extrapolated value of 312–316 pm to 329 pm due to spin–orbit coupling effects.<a href="#cite_note-102">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Experimental_chemistry">Experimental chemistry</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Experimental chemistry">edit</a>]</div> The isotopes 288Mc, 289Mc, and 290Mc have half-lives long enough for chemical investigation.<a href="#cite_note-Eichler-103">[90]</a> A 2024 experiment at the GSI, producing 288Mc via the 243Am+48Ca reaction, studied the adsorption of nihonium and moscovium on SiO2 and gold surfaces. The adsorption enthalpy of moscovium on SiO2 was determined experimentally as −ΔHSiO2 ads(Mc) = 54+11 −5 kJ/mol (68% confidence interval). Moscovium was determined to be less reactive with the SiO2 surface than its lighter congener bismuth, but more reactive than closed-shell copernicium and flerovium. This arises because of the relativistic stabilisation of the 7p1/2 shell.<a href="#cite_note-moscovium-104">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Papapishu-Lab-icon-6.svg/28px-Papapishu-Lab-icon-6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Papapishu-Lab-icon-6.svg/42px-Papapishu-Lab-icon-6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Papapishu-Lab-icon-6.svg/56px-Papapishu-Lab-icon-6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Chemistry" title="Portal:Chemistry">Chemistry portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Materials_science_in_science_fiction#Moscovium" title="Materials science in science fiction">Materials science in science fiction § Moscovium</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-most_stable_isotope-3"><a href="#cite_ref-most_stable_isotope_3-0">^</a> The most stable isotope of moscovium cannot be determined based on existing data due to uncertainty that arises from the low number of measurements. The half-life of 290Mc corresponding to two <a href="/wiki/Standard_deviation" title="Standard deviation">standard deviations</a> is, based on existing data, 650+980 −400 milliseconds<a href="#cite_note-NUBASE2020-1">[1]</a>, whereas that of 289Mc is 250+102 −70 milliseconds<a href="#cite_note-Mc2022-2">[2]</a> ; these measurements have overlapping <a href="/wiki/Confidence_interval" title="Confidence interval">confidence intervals</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_physics" title="Nuclear physics">nuclear physics</a>, an element is called <a href="/wiki/Heavy_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy element">heavy</a> if its atomic number is high; <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a> (element 82) is one example of such a heavy element. The term "superheavy elements" typically refers to elements with atomic number greater than <a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" title="Lawrencium">103</a> (although there are other definitions, such as atomic number greater than <a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">100</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> or <a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">112</a>;<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> sometimes, the term is presented an equivalent to the term "transactinide", which puts an upper limit before the beginning of the hypothetical <a href="/wiki/Superactinide" class="mw-redirect" title="Superactinide">superactinide</a> series).<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> Terms "heavy isotopes" (of a given element) and "heavy nuclei" mean what could be understood in the common language—isotopes of high mass (for the given element) and nuclei of high mass, respectively. </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> In 2009, a team at the JINR led by Oganessian published results of their attempt to create hassium in a symmetric 136Xe + 136Xe reaction. They failed to observe a single atom in such a reaction, putting the upper limit on the cross section, the measure of probability of a nuclear reaction, as 2.5 <a href="/wiki/Picobarn" class="mw-redirect" title="Picobarn">pb</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[16]</a> In comparison, the reaction that resulted in hassium discovery, 208Pb + 58Fe, had a cross section of ~20 pb (more specifically, 19+19 -11 pb), as estimated by the discoverers.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_84Mu01-19">[17]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> The amount of energy applied to the beam particle to accelerate it can also influence the value of cross section. For example, in the 28 14Si + 1 0n → 28 13Al + 1 1p reaction, cross section changes smoothly from 370 mb at 12.3 MeV to 160 mb at 18.3 MeV, with a broad peak at 13.5 MeV with the maximum value of 380 mb.<a href="#cite_note-24">[21]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> This figure also marks the generally accepted upper limit for lifetime of a compound nucleus.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BerkeleyNoSF-30">[26]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> This separation is based on that the resulting nuclei move past the target more slowly then the unreacted beam nuclei. The separator contains electric and magnetic fields whose effects on a moving particle cancel out for a specific velocity of a particle.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoffmanGhiorsoSeaborg2000334-33">[28]</a> Such separation can also be aided by a <a href="/wiki/Time-of-flight_mass_spectrometry" title="Time-of-flight mass spectrometry">time-of-flight measurement</a> and a recoil energy measurement; a combination of the two may allow to estimate the mass of a nucleus.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoffmanGhiorsoSeaborg2000335-34">[29]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> Not all decay modes are caused by electrostatic repulsion. For example, <a href="/wiki/Beta_decay" title="Beta decay">beta decay</a> is caused by the <a href="/wiki/Weak_interaction" title="Weak interaction">weak interaction</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeiser2003439-42">[36]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> It was already known by the 1960s that ground states of nuclei differed in energy and shape as well as that certain magic numbers of nucleons corresponded to greater stability of a nucleus. However, it was assumed that there was no nuclear structure in superheavy nuclei as they were too deformed to form one.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Oganessian12-48">[41]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> Since mass of a nucleus is not measured directly but is rather calculated from that of another nucleus, such measurement is called indirect. Direct measurements are also possible, but for the most part they have remained unavailable for superheavy nuclei.<a href="#cite_note-54">[46]</a> The first direct measurement of mass of a superheavy nucleus was reported in 2018 at LBNL.<a href="#cite_note-55">[47]</a> Mass was determined from the location of a nucleus after the transfer (the location helps determine its trajectory, which is linked to the mass-to-charge ratio of the nucleus, since the transfer was done in presence of a magnet).<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_C&EN-56">[48]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> If the decay occurred in a vacuum, then since total momentum of an isolated system before and after the decay <a href="/wiki/Momentum#Conservation" title="Momentum">must be preserved</a>, the daughter nucleus would also receive a small velocity. The ratio of the two velocities, and accordingly the ratio of the kinetic energies, would thus be inverse to the ratio of the two masses. The decay energy equals the sum of the known kinetic energy of the alpha particle and that of the daughter nucleus (an exact fraction of the former).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeiser2003433-44">[37]</a> The calculations hold for an experiment as well, but the difference is that the nucleus does not move after the decay because it is tied to the detector. </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> Spontaneous fission was discovered by Soviet physicist <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Flerov" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgy Flerov">Georgy Flerov</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Distillations-59">[49]</a> a leading scientist at JINR, and thus it was a "hobbyhorse" for the facility.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_coldfusion77-60">[50]</a> In contrast, the LBL scientists believed fission information was not sufficient for a claim of synthesis of an element. They believed spontaneous fission had not been studied enough to use it for identification of a new element, since there was a difficulty of establishing that a compound nucleus had only ejected neutrons and not charged particles like protons or alpha particles.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_BerkeleyNoSF-30">[26]</a> They thus preferred to link new isotopes to the already known ones by successive alpha decays.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_Distillations-59">[49]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> For instance, element 102 was mistakenly identified in 1957 at the Nobel Institute of Physics in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_County" title="Stockholm County">Stockholm County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_RSC-62">[51]</a> There were no earlier definitive claims of creation of this element, and the element was assigned a name by its Swedish, American, and British discoverers, nobelium. It was later shown that the identification was incorrect.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKragh201838–39-63">[52]</a> The following year, RL was unable to reproduce the Swedish results and announced instead their synthesis of the element; that claim was also disproved later.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKragh201838–39-63">[52]</a> JINR insisted that they were the first to create the element and suggested a name of their own for the new element, joliotium;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKragh201840-64">[53]</a> the Soviet name was also not accepted (JINR later referred to the naming of the element 102 as "hasty").<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_1993_responses-65">[54]</a> This name was proposed to IUPAC in a written response to their ruling on priority of discovery claims of elements, signed 29 September 1992.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_1993_responses-65">[54]</a> The name "nobelium" remained unchanged on account of its widespread usage.<a href="#cite_note-Superheavy_element_IUPAC97-66">[55]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> The quantum number corresponds to the letter in the electron orbital name: 0 to s, 1 to p, 2 to d, etc. See <a href="/wiki/Azimuthal_quantum_number" title="Azimuthal quantum number">azimuthal quantum number</a> for more information. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscovium&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NUBASE2020-1"><a href="#cite_ref-NUBASE2020_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKondevWangHuangNaimi2021" class="citation journal cs1">Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www-nds.iaea.org/amdc/ame2020/NUBASE2020.pdf">"The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"</a> (PDF). 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International Journal of Quantum Chemistry. 118 (14): e25585. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fqua.25585">10.1002/qua.25585</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Quantum+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Relativistic+effects+on+inversion+barriers+of+pyramidal+group+15+hydrides&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=14&rft.pages=e25585&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fqua.25585&rft.aulast=Santiago&rft.aufirst=R%C3%A9gis+T.&rft.au=Haiduke%2C+Roberto+L.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscovium" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlvarez-ThonInostroza-Pino2018" class="citation journal cs1">Alvarez-Thon, Luis; Inostroza-Pino, Natalia (2018). 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Periodic_table18" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Periodic_table_(navbox)" title="Template:Periodic table (navbox)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Periodic_table_(navbox)" title="Template talk:Periodic table (navbox)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Periodic_table_(navbox)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Periodic table (navbox)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Periodic_table18" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Periodic_table" title="Periodic table">Periodic table</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <table style="table-layout:fixed; width:100%;" aria-describedby="periodic-table-legend"> <tbody><tr> <td style="line-height:100%;"> </td> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Alkali_metal" title="Alkali metal">1</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Alkaline_earth_metal" title="Alkaline earth metal">2</a> </th> <td colspan="14"> </td> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_3_element" title="Group 3 element">3</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_4_element" title="Group 4 element">4</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_5_element" title="Group 5 element">5</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_6_element" title="Group 6 element">6</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_7_element" title="Group 7 element">7</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_8_element" title="Group 8 element">8</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_9_element" title="Group 9 element">9</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_10_element" title="Group 10 element">10</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_11_element" title="Group 11 element">11</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Group_12_element" title="Group 12 element">12</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Boron_group" title="Boron group">13</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Carbon_group" title="Carbon group">14</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Pnictogen" title="Pnictogen">15</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chalcogen" title="Chalcogen">16</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">17</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Noble_gas" title="Noble gas">18</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Period_1_element" title="Period 1 element">1</a> </th> <td title="H, Hydrogen" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30"> </td> <td title="He, Helium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Period_2_element" title="Period 2 element">2</a> </th> <td title="Li, Lithium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">Li</a> </td> <td title="Be, Beryllium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="B, Boron" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">B</a> </td> <td title="C, Carbon" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">C</a> </td> <td title="N, Nitrogen" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N</a> </td> <td title="O, Oxygen" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">O</a> </td> <td title="F, Fluorine" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fluorine" title="Fluorine">F</a> </td> <td title="Ne, Neon" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Period_3_element" title="Period 3 element">3</a> </th> <td title="Na, Sodium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium">Na</a> </td> <td title="Mg, Magnesium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Al, Aluminium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td title="Si, Silicon" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon">Si</a> </td> <td title="P, Phosphorus" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">P</a> </td> <td title="S, Sulfur" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" title="Sulfur">S</a> </td> <td title="Cl, Chlorine" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">Cl</a> </td> <td title="Ar, Argon" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Period_4_element" title="Period 4 element">4</a> </th> <td title="K, Potassium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium">K</a> </td> <td title="Ca, Calcium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Sc, Scandium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Scandium" title="Scandium">Sc</a> </td> <td title="Ti, Titanium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Ti</a> </td> <td title="V, Vanadium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td title="Cr, Chromium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium">Cr</a> </td> <td title="Mn, Manganese" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">Mn</a> </td> <td title="Fe, Iron" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">Fe</a> </td> <td title="Co, Cobalt" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">Co</a> </td> <td title="Ni, Nickel" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">Ni</a> </td> <td title="Cu, Copper" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">Cu</a> </td> <td title="Zn, Zinc" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zn</a> </td> <td title="Ga, Gallium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Ga</a> </td> <td title="Ge, Germanium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td title="As, Arsenic" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">As</a> </td> <td title="Se, Selenium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Se</a> </td> <td title="Br, Bromine" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bromine" title="Bromine">Br</a> </td> <td title="Kr, Krypton" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Period_5_element" title="Period 5 element">5</a> </th> <td title="Rb, Rubidium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td title="Sr, Strontium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">Sr</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Y, Yttrium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">Y</a> </td> <td title="Zr, Zirconium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" title="Zirconium">Zr</a> </td> <td title="Nb, Niobium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td title="Mo, Molybdenum" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">Mo</a> </td> <td title="Tc, Technetium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" title="Technetium">Tc</a> </td> <td title="Ru, Ruthenium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" title="Ruthenium">Ru</a> </td> <td title="Rh, Rhodium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" title="Rhodium">Rh</a> </td> <td title="Pd, Palladium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Pd</a> </td> <td title="Ag, Silver" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">Ag</a> </td> <td title="Cd, Cadmium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td title="In, Indium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td title="Sn, Tin" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Sn</a> </td> <td title="Sb, Antimony" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">Sb</a> </td> <td title="Te, Tellurium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" title="Tellurium">Te</a> </td> <td title="I, Iodine" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iodine" title="Iodine">I</a> </td> <td title="Xe, Xenon" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Period_6_element" title="Period 6 element">6</a> </th> <td title="Cs, Caesium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" title="Caesium">Cs</a> </td> <td title="Ba, Barium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td title="La, Lanthanum" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" title="Lanthanum">La</a> </td> <td title="Ce, Cerium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" title="Cerium">Ce</a> </td> <td title="Pr, Praseodymium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" title="Praseodymium">Pr</a> </td> <td title="Nd, Neodymium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" title="Neodymium">Nd</a> </td> <td title="Pm, Promethium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" title="Promethium">Pm</a> </td> <td title="Sm, Samarium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td title="Eu, Europium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td title="Gd, Gadolinium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td title="Tb, Terbium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td title="Dy, Dysprosium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" title="Dysprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td title="Ho, Holmium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td title="Er, Erbium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td title="Tm, Thulium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" title="Thulium">Tm</a> </td> <td title="Yb, Ytterbium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td title="Lu, Lutetium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" title="Lutetium">Lu</a> </td> <td title="Hf, Hafnium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td title="Ta, Tantalum" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Ta</a> </td> <td title="W, Tungsten" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">W</a> </td> <td title="Re, Rhenium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium">Re</a> </td> <td title="Os, Osmium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td title="Ir, Iridium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td title="Pt, Platinum" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">Pt</a> </td> <td title="Au, Gold" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">Au</a> </td> <td title="Hg, Mercury" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" title="Mercury (element)">Hg</a> </td> <td title="Tl, Thallium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">Tl</a> </td> <td title="Pb, Lead" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">Pb</a> </td> <td title="Bi, Bismuth" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">Bi</a> </td> <td title="Po, Polonium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td title="At, Astatine" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Astatine" title="Astatine">At</a> </td> <td title="Rn, Radon" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Period_7_element" title="Period 7 element">7</a> </th> <td title="Fr, Francium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Francium" title="Francium">Fr</a> </td> <td title="Ra, Radium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ff9999; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td title="Ac, Actinium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium">Ac</a> </td> <td title="Th, Thorium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium">Th</a> </td> <td title="Pa, Protactinium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" title="Protactinium">Pa</a> </td> <td title="U, Uranium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">U</a> </td> <td title="Np, Neptunium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td title="Pu, Plutonium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td title="Am, Americium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Americium" title="Americium">Am</a> </td> <td title="Cm, Curium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium">Cm</a> </td> <td title="Bk, Berkelium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td title="Cf, Californium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Californium" title="Californium">Cf</a> </td> <td title="Es, Einsteinium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td title="Fm, Fermium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td title="Md, Mendelevium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td title="No, Nobelium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#9bff99; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td title="Lr, Lawrencium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" title="Lawrencium">Lr</a> </td> <td title="Rf, Rutherfordium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td title="Db, Dubnium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td title="Sg, Seaborgium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td title="Bh, Bohrium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td title="Hs, Hassium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hs</a> </td> <td title="Mt, Meitnerium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td title="Ds, Darmstadtium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td title="Rg, Roentgenium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td title="Cn, Copernicium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#99ccff; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">Cn</a> </td> <td title="Nh, Nihonium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td title="Fl, Flerovium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td title="Mc, Moscovium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:3px solid black; ;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mc</a> </td> <td title="Lv, Livermorium" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td title="Ts, Tennessine" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" title="Tennessine">Ts</a> </td> <td title="Og, Oganesson" style="text-align:center; background-color:#fdff8c; color:inherit; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div role="presentation" id="periodic-table-legend" style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; width:100%; line-height:120%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top; background:#f8f8f8;color:inherit; margin:0; margin:0;"><div style="padding:0.3em;"> <table style="width:100%; line-height:1.2em; table-layout:fixed; overflow:hidden; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff9999;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/S-block" class="mw-redirect" title="S-block">s-block</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#9bff99;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/F-block" class="mw-redirect" title="F-block">f-block</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#99ccff;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/D-block" class="mw-redirect" title="D-block">d-block</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#fdff8c;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/P-block" class="mw-redirect" title="P-block">p-block</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox505" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2012003555">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-65585cc8dc-rp9ff","wgBackendResponseTime":254,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.394","walltime":"2.824","ppvisitednodes":{"value":39192,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":711138,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":57093,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":56,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":12,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":407597,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2550.488 1 -total"," 45.25% 1154.102 3 Template:Infobox"," 37.40% 953.862 1 Template:Infobox_moscovium"," 37.23% 949.586 1 Template:Infobox_element"," 23.48% 598.797 2 Template:Reflist"," 16.09% 410.341 45 Template:Cite_journal"," 14.30% 364.705 1 Template:Excerpt"," 11.72% 298.928 133 Template:Trim"," 11.48% 292.850 1 Template:Infobox_moscovium_isotopes"," 11.34% 289.174 1 Template:Infobox_isotopes_(meta)"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.436","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":14869420,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAlvarez-ThonInostroza-Pino2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAudi_et_al.2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarber,_Robert_C.Karol,_Paul_J.Nakahara,_HiromichiVardaci,_Emanuele2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeiser2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChatt,_J.1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFConsidineKulik2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDmitrievOganessianUtyonkovShishkin2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEichler2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFaegriSaue2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFedorova2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFedorova2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFForsbergFahlanderRudolph2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFForsbergRudolphFahlanderGolubev2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGatesGregorichGotheUribe2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaire2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoffmanGhiorsoSeaborg2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHongAdamianAntonenko2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHongAdamianAntonenkoJachimowicz2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIbadullayev2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKarolBarberSherrillVardaci2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKellerC._W._Nestor_Jr.1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoppenol2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKovrizhnykh2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKragh2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOganessian2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOganessianUtyonkovDmitrievLobanov2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOganessianUtyonkovLobanovAbdullin2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSantiagoHaiduke2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSantiagoHaiduke2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSt._Fleur2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStaff2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThayer2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYakushevKhuyagbaatarDüllmannBlock2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZagrebaevGreiner2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZagrebaevKarpovGreiner2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZaitsevskiivan_WüllenRusakovTitov2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZavyalova2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZlokazovUtyonkov2017\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"=\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Block indent\"] = 2,\n [\"Chem\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite conference\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 22,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 10,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"Excerpt\"] = 1,\n [\"Frac\"] = 2,\n [\"Fricke1975\"] = 15,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox moscovium\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 3,\n [\"Nuclide\"] = 8,\n [\"Periodic table (navbox)\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-pc\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Section link\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Su\"] = 5,\n [\"SubatomicParticle\"] = 4,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 2,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","540","29.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","200","10.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","200","10.8"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","140","7.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","100","5.4"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","80","4.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","60","3.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","3.2"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","60","3.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::setTTL","40","2.2"],["[others]","380","20.4"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c6f46dcf-4rcs6","timestamp":"20250331025538","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Moscovium","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moscovium","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1303","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1303","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-08-04T09:39:26Z","headline":"element with the atomic number of 115"}</script> </body> </html>