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aureus</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Oreochromis aureus"> <meta name="keywords" content="Oreochromis aureus"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Oreochromis aureus"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 503</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Oreochromis aureus</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">503</span> Morphometric Relationships of Length-Weight and Length-Length of Oreochromis aureus in Relation to Body Size and Condition Factor from Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem">Muhammad Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdus%20Salam"> Abdus Salam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumera%20Yasmin"> Sumera Yasmin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abir%20Ishtiaq"> Abir Ishtiaq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, eighty-three wild Oreochromis aureus of different body size ranging 5.3-14.6 cm in total length were collected from the River Chenab, District Muzzafer Garh, Pakistan to investigate the parameters of length –weight, length-length relationships and condition factor in relation to size. Each fish was measured and weighed on arrival at laboratory. Log transformed regressions were used to test the allometric growth. Length-weight relationship was found highly significant (r = 0.964; P < 0.01). The values of exponent “ b” in Length–weight regression (W=aL^b), deviated from 3, showing isometric growth (b = 2.75). Results for LLRs indicated that these are highly correlated (P < 0.001). Condition factor (K) found constant with increasing body weight, however, showed negative influence with increasing total length. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lenght-weight" title="lenght-weight">lenght-weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20aureus" title=" Oreochromis aureus"> Oreochromis aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphometric%20study" title=" morphometric study"> morphometric study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2805/morphometric-relationships-of-length-weight-and-length-length-of-oreochromis-aureus-in-relation-to-body-size-and-condition-factor-from-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">502</span> Length-Weight and Length-Length Relationships of Oreochromis aureus in Relation to Body Size from Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem">Muhammad Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Zubari"> Amina Zubari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdus%20Salam"> Abdus Salam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Summera%20Yasmeen"> Summera Yasmeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Ali%20Ayub%20Bukhari"> Syed Ali Ayub Bukhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abir%20Ishtiaq"> Abir Ishtiaq </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, eighty three wild Oreochromis aureus of different body size ranging 5.3-14.6 cm in total length were collected from the River Chenab, District Muzzafer Garh, Pakistan to investigate the parameters of length –weight, length-length relationships and condition factor in relation to size. Each fish was measured and weighed on arrival at laboratory. Log transformed regressions were used to test the allometric growth. Length-weight relationship was found highly significant (r = 0.964; P < 0.01). The values of exponent “ b” in Length–weight regression (W=aLb), deviated from 3, showing isometric growth (b = 2.75). Results for LLRs indicated that these are highly correlated (P< 0.001). Condition factor (K) found constant with increasing body weight, however, showed negative influence with increasing total length. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20aureus" title="Oreochromis aureus">Oreochromis aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight-length%20relationship" title=" weight-length relationship"> weight-length relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condition%20factor" title=" condition factor"> condition factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20equations" title=" predictive equations"> predictive equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20572/length-weight-and-length-length-relationships-of-oreochromis-aureus-in-relation-to-body-size-from-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">831</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">501</span> Hybridization Potential of Oreochromis Niloticus (Nile Tilapia) with Oreochromis Jipe (Tilapia Jipe) in View of Lake Jipe Fishery Genetic Conservation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mercy%20Chepkirui">Mercy Chepkirui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Orina"> Paul Orina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priscilla%20Boera"> Priscilla Boera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Judith%20Achoki"> Judith Achoki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oreochromis jipe is a tropical freshwater bentho-pelagic fish belonging to the Cichlid family that is endemic to the Pangani River basin and Lake Jipe in Kenya and northern Tanzania, while Oreochromis niloticus inhabits the Lake Victoria basin with reported cases in Lake jipe too. Unlike O. jipe, Oreochromis niloticus is spreading across the globe due to its cultural potential. This, however, could cause genetic purity concerns in the event of cross-breeding among the tilapiines, which is already taking place in the wild. The study envisaged establishing the possibility of hybridization among the two species under aquaculture conditions and phenotypically informing the difference between pure and cross lines. Two hundred sixteen mature brooders weighing 100-120g were selected randomly, 108 of Oreochromis Jipe and 108 of Oreochromis niloticus; for each trial, 72 males and 144 females were distributed into 3 crosses, each grouped in triplicates (Oreochromis niloticus (♀) X Oreochromis niloticus(♂);Oreochromis niloticus (♂) X Oreochromis jipe ( ♀); Oreochromis jipe (♂) X Oreochromis niloticus (♀); Oreochromis jipe (♂) X Oreochromis jipe (♀). All trials had the F1 generation, which is currently undergoing growth trials and assessing its viability for the 2nd generation. The results indicated that Oreochromis niloticus has better growth, followed by crosses (Oreochromis niloticus X Oreochromis jipe) and, finally, pure line Oreochromis jipe. Further, pure Oreochromis jipe F1 demonstrated potential for aquaculture adoption despite its recent introduction into aquaculture; thus, this will help towards the conservation of indigenous fish species of Lake Jipe fishery, which is currently under the Internationa Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of endangered fish species. However, there is a need to inform the purity of existing Oreochromis jipe wild stocks to inform genetic material conservation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title="biodiversity">biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fisheries" title=" fisheries"> fisheries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oreochromis%20jipe" title=" oreochromis jipe"> oreochromis jipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166059/hybridization-potential-of-oreochromis-niloticus-nile-tilapia-with-oreochromis-jipe-tilapia-jipe-in-view-of-lake-jipe-fishery-genetic-conservation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">500</span> Feeding Habits and Condition Factor of Oreochromis niloticus in Lake Alau, Northeastern Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Ali%20Lawan">Zahra Ali Lawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Abdulhakim"> Ali Abdulhakim </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The stomach contents of 100 Oreochromis niloticus, sampled between April and August, 2011 in Alau Lake, northeastern Nigeria, were examined. Herbs and algae were the main contents representing 40.15%, 23.36% followed by some mud / sand components, insect parts and fish remains representing 14.60%, 13.87% and 8.03% respectively. Oreochromis niloticus was affirmed as an herbivore and a benthic feeder due to the presence of both herbs and mud/sand among its stomach content. The mean stomach fullness percentage was 70.94% and stomach emptiness was 29.06%. The average condition factor of the fishes was 1.69 with the best conditions recorded in the dry months of April and May at 1.74 and 1.94 respectively. The general trend in the condition factor for this species in this study is that relatively higher condition factors were recorded for relatively higher lengths. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stomach%20contents" title="stomach contents">stomach contents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oreochromis%20niloticus" title=" oreochromis niloticus"> oreochromis niloticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbivores" title=" herbivores"> herbivores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lake%20Alau" title=" Lake Alau"> Lake Alau</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36608/feeding-habits-and-condition-factor-of-oreochromis-niloticus-in-lake-alau-northeastern-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">499</span> Effect of Dietary Cellulose Levels on the Growth Parameters of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus Fingerlings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keri%20Alhadi%20Ighwela">Keri Alhadi Ighwela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aziz%20Bin%20Ahmad"> Aziz Bin Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Abol-Munafi"> A. B. Abol-Munafi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three purified diets were formulated using fish meal, soya bean, wheat flour, palm oil, minerals and maltose. The carbohydrate in the diets was increased from 5 to 15% by changing the cellulose content to study the effect of dietary carbohydrate level on the growth parameters of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus.The protein and the lipid contents were kept constant in all the diets. The results showed that, weight gain, protein efﬁciency ratio, net protein utilisation and hepatosomatic index of ﬁsh fed the diet containing 15% cellulose were the lowest among all groups. Addition, the fish fed the diet containing 5% cellulose had the best specific growth rate, and food conversion ratio. While, there was no effect of the dietary cellulose levels on condition factor and survival rate. These results indicate that Nile tilapia fingerlings are able to utilize dietary cellulose does not exceed 10% in their feed for optimum growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20cellulose" title="dietary cellulose">dietary cellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20parameters" title=" growth parameters"> growth parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oreochromis%20niloticus" title=" oreochromis niloticus"> oreochromis niloticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=purified%20diets" title=" purified diets"> purified diets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34481/effect-of-dietary-cellulose-levels-on-the-growth-parameters-of-nile-tilapia-oreochromis-niloticus-fingerlings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">498</span> Clinico-Microbiological Study of S. aureus from Various Clinical Samples with Reference to Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20G.%20Pathrikar">T. G. Pathrikar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20D.%20Urhekar"> A. D. Urhekar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20P.%20Bansal"> M. P. Bansal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To find out S. aureus from patient samples on the basis of coagulase test. We have evaluated slide coagulase (n=46 positive), tube coagulase (n=48 positive) and DNase test (n=44, positive) , We have isolated and identified MRSA from various clinical samples and specimens by disc diffusion method determined the incidence of MRSA 50% in patients. Found out the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of MRSA isolates and also the MIC of MRSA of oxacillin by E-Test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cefoxitin%20disc%20diffusion%20MRSA%20detection" title="cefoxitin disc diffusion MRSA detection">cefoxitin disc diffusion MRSA detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e%20%E2%80%93%20test" title=" e – test"> e – test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20aureus%20devastating%20pathogen" title=" S. aureus devastating pathogen"> S. aureus devastating pathogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tube%20coagulase%20confirmation" title=" tube coagulase confirmation"> tube coagulase confirmation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20422/clinico-microbiological-study-of-s-aureus-from-various-clinical-samples-with-reference-to-methicillin-resistant-s-aureus-mrsa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">497</span> Rapid and Culture-Independent Detection of Staphylococcus Aureus by PCR Based Protocols</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Verma">V. Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Riyaz-ul-Hassan"> Syed Riyaz-ul-Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most commonly found pathogenic bacteria and is hard to eliminate from the human environment. It is responsible for many nosocomial infections, besides being the main causative agent of food intoxication by virtue of its variety of enterotoxins. Routine detection of S. aureus in food is usually carried out by traditional methods based on morphological and biochemical characterization. These methods are time-consuming and tedious. In addition, misclassifications with automated susceptibility testing systems or commercially available latex agglutination kits have been reported by several workers. Consequently, there is a need for methods to specifically discriminate S. aureus from other staphylococci as quickly as possible. Data on protocols developed using molecular means like PCR technology will be presented for rapid and specific detection of this pathogen in food, clinical and environmental samples, especially milk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20Pathogens" title="food Pathogens">food Pathogens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR%20technology" title=" PCR technology"> PCR technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20and%20specific%20detection" title=" rapid and specific detection"> rapid and specific detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" staphylococcus aureus"> staphylococcus aureus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42644/rapid-and-culture-independent-detection-of-staphylococcus-aureus-by-pcr-based-protocols" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42644.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">496</span> Growth Pattern and Condition Factor of Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon galilaeus in Epe Lagoon, Lagos State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Bolaji%20Alarape">Ahmed Bolaji Alarape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluwatobi%20Damilola%20Aba"> Oluwatobi Damilola Aba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growth pattern of Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon galilaeus in Epe Lagoon Lagos State was investigated. One hundred (100) samples of each species were collected from fishermen at the landing site. They were transported to the Fisheries Laboratory of National Institute of Oceanography for identification, sexing morphometric measurement. The results showed that 58.0% and 56.0 % of the O.niloticus and S.galilaeus were female respectively while 42.0% and 44.0% were male respectively. The length-weight relationship of O.niloticus showed a strong regression coefficient (r = 0.944) (p<0.05) for the combined sex, (r =0.901) (p<0.05) for female and (r=0.985) (p<.05) for male with b-value of 2.5, 3.1 and 2.8 respectively. The S.galilaeus also showed a regression coefficient of r=0.970; p<0.05 for the combined sex, r=0.953; p<0.05 for the female and r= 0.979; p<0.05 for the male with b-value of 3.4, 3.1 and 3.6 respectively. O.niloticus showed an isometric growth pattern both in male and female. The condition factor in O.niloticus are 1.93 and 1.95 for male and female respectively while that of S.galilaeus is 1.95 for both sexes. Positive allometric was observed in both species except the male O.niloticus that showed negative allometric growth pattern. From the results of this study, the growth pattern of the two species indicated a good healthy environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Epe%20Lagoon" title="Epe Lagoon">Epe Lagoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=length-weight%20relationship" title=" length-weight relationship"> length-weight relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20niloticus" title=" Oreochromis niloticus"> Oreochromis niloticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarotherodon%20galilaeus" title=" Sarotherodon galilaeus"> Sarotherodon galilaeus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94857/growth-pattern-and-condition-factor-of-oreochromis-niloticus-and-sarotherodon-galilaeus-in-epe-lagoon-lagos-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">495</span> An Alternative Antimicrobial Approach to Fight Bacterial Pathogens from Phellinus linteus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Techaoei">S. Techaoei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Jarmkom"> K. Jarmkom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Eakwaropas"> P. Eakwaropas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Khobjai"> W. Khobjai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research was focused on investigating <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> antimicrobial activity of <em>Phellinus linteus</em> fruiting body extracts on <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. <em>Phellinus linteus</em> fruiting body was extracted with ethanol and ethyl acetate and was vaporized. The disc diffusion assay was used to assess antimicrobial activity against tested bacterial strains. Primary screening of chemical profile of crude extract was determined by using thin layer chromatography. The positive control and the negative control were used as erythromycin and dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively. Initial screening of <em>Phellinus linteus</em> crude extract with the disc diffusion assay demonstrated that only ethanol had greater antimicrobial activity against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. The MIC assay showed that the lower MIC was observed with 0.5 mg/ml of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and 0.25 mg/ml. of <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, respectively. TLC chemical profile of extract was represented at R<sub>f</sub> ≈ 0.71-0.76. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title="Staphylococcus aureus">Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Escherichia%20coli" title=" Escherichia coli"> Escherichia coli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phellinus%20linteus" title=" Phellinus linteus"> Phellinus linteus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Methicillin-resistant%20Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus"> Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title=" antimicrobial activity"> antimicrobial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61558/an-alternative-antimicrobial-approach-to-fight-bacterial-pathogens-from-phellinus-linteus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">494</span> Anti Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Action of Thermophilic Fungi Acrophialophora levis IBSD19 and Determination of Its Mode of Action Using Electron Microscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shivankar%20Agrawal">Shivankar Agrawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indira%20Sarangthem"> Indira Sarangthem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains one of the major causes of healthcare-associated and community-onset infections worldwide. Hence the search for non-toxic natural compounds having antibacterial activity has intensified for future drug development. The exploration of less studied niches of Earth can highly increase the possibility to discover novel bioactive compounds. Therefore, in this study, the cultivable fraction of fungi from the sediments of natural hot springs has been studied to mine potential fungal candidates with antibacterial activity against the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. We isolated diverse strains of thermophilic fungi from a collection of samples from sediment. Following a standard method, we isolated a promising thermophilic fungus strain IBSD19, identified as Acrophialophora levis, possessing the potential to produce an anti-Staphylococcus aureus agent. The growth conditions were optimized and scaled to fermentation, and its produced extract was subjected to chemical extraction. The ethyl acetate fraction was found to display significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.5 mg/ml and 4 mg/ml, respectively. The cell membrane integrity assay and SEM suggested that the fungal metabolites cause bacteria clustering and further lysis of the cell. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title="antibacterial activity">antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungi" title=" fungi"> fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRSA" title=" MRSA"> MRSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermophiles" title=" thermophiles"> thermophiles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129275/anti-staphylococcus-aureus-and-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-action-of-thermophilic-fungi-acrophialophora-levis-ibsd19-and-determination-of-its-mode-of-action-using-electron-microscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">493</span> Effect of Cuminum Cyminum L. Essential Oil on Staphylococcus Aureus during the Manufacture, Ripening and Storage of White Brined Cheese</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Misaghi">Ali Misaghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afshin%20Akhondzadeh%20Basti"> Afshin Akhondzadeh Basti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Sadeghi"> Ehsan Sadeghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen of major concern for clinical infection and food borne illness. Humans and most domesticated animals harbor S. aureus, and so we may expect staphylococci to be present in food products of animal origin or in those handled directly by humans, unless heat processing is applied to destroy them. Cuminum cyminum L. has been allocated the topic of some recent studies in addition to its well-documented traditional usage for treatment of toothache, dyspepsia, diarrhea, epilepsy and jaundice. The air-dried seed of the plant was completely immersed in water and subjected to hydro distillation for 3 h, using a clevenger-type apparatus. In this study, the effect of Cuminum cyminum L. essential oil (EO) on growth of Staphylococcus aureus in white brined cheese was evaluated. The experiment included different levels of EO (0, 7.5, 15 and 30 mL/ 100 mL milk) to assess their effects on S. aureus count during the manufacture, ripening and storage of Iranian white brined cheese for up to 75 days. The significant (P < 0.05) inhibitory effects of EO (even at its lowest concentration) on this organism were observed. The significant (P < 0.05) inhibitory effect of the EO on S. aureus shown in this study may improve the scope of the EO function in the food industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cuminum%20cyminum%20L.%20essential%20oil" title="cuminum cyminum L. essential oil">cuminum cyminum L. essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" staphylococcus aureus"> staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20brined%20cheese" title=" white brined cheese"> white brined cheese</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23074/effect-of-cuminum-cyminum-l-essential-oil-on-staphylococcus-aureus-during-the-manufacture-ripening-and-storage-of-white-brined-cheese" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">492</span> Staphylococcus argenteus: An Emerging Subclinical Bovine Mastitis Pathogen in Thailand </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natapol%20Pumipuntu">Natapol Pumipuntu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus argenteus is the emerging species of S. aureus complex. It was generally misidentified as S. aureus by standard techniques and their features. S. argenteus is possibly emerging in both humans and animals, as well as increasing worldwide distribution. The objective of this study was to differentiate and identify S. argenteus from S. aureus, which has been collected and isolated from milk samples of subclinical bovine mastitis cases in Maha Sarakham province, Northeastern of Thailand. Twenty-one isolates of S. aureus, which confirmed by conventional methods and immune-agglutination method were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The result from MALDI-TOF MS and MLST showed 6 from 42 isolates were confirmed as S. argenteus, and 36 isolates were S. aureus, respectively. This study indicated that the identification and classification method by using MALDI-TOF MS and MLST could accurately differentiate the emerging species, S. argenteus, from S. aureus complex which usually misdiagnosed. In addition, the identification of S. argenteus seems to be very limited despite the fact that it may be the important causative pathogen in bovine mastitis as well as pathogenic bacteria in food and milk. Therefore, it is very necessary for both bovine medicine and veterinary public health to emphasize and recognize this bacterial pathogen as the emerging disease of Staphylococcal bacteria and need further study about S. argenteus infection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20argenteus" title="Staphylococcus argenteus">Staphylococcus argenteus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subclinical%20bovine%20mastitis" title=" subclinical bovine mastitis"> subclinical bovine mastitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus%20complex" title=" Staphylococcus aureus complex"> Staphylococcus aureus complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20spectrometry" title=" mass spectrometry"> mass spectrometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MLST" title=" MLST"> MLST</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108179/staphylococcus-argenteus-an-emerging-subclinical-bovine-mastitis-pathogen-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">491</span> Antimicrobial Activity of the Natural Products Derived from Phyllanthus Emblica and Gracilaria Fisheri Against Staphylococcus Aureus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woraprat%20Amnuaychaichana">Woraprat Amnuaychaichana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several medicinal plants are well known to contain active constituents such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds with are plausible candidates for therapeutic purposes. An infectious disease caused by microbial infection is the leading cause of death. Antibiotics are typically used to eradicate these microbes, but recent evidence indicates that they are developing antibiotic-resistant effects. This study focused on antimicrobial activities of Phyllanthus emblica and Gracilaria fisheri using the agar disk diffusion method and broth microdilution to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value. The extracts were screened against Staphylococcus aureus. Five concentrations of plant extracts were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by 2-fold dilution of plant extract. The results indicated that G. fisheri extract gave the maximum zones of inhibition of 11.7 mm against S. aureus while P. emblica showed no effects. The MIC values of G. fisheri extract against S. aureus was 500 µg/ml. To summarise, G. fisheri extracts demonstrated high efficacy of antibacterial activity against Gram-positive S. aureus, which may pave the way for developing a formulation containing this plant. G. fisheri extract should be subjected to additional investigation in order to determine the mechanism of action of its antimicrobial activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title="antibacterial activity">antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gracilaria%20fishery" title=" gracilaria fishery"> gracilaria fishery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phyllanthus%20emblica" title=" Phyllanthus emblica"> Phyllanthus emblica</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141049/antimicrobial-activity-of-the-natural-products-derived-from-phyllanthus-emblica-and-gracilaria-fisheri-against-staphylococcus-aureus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">490</span> Adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus to Intravascular cannulae</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghadah%20Abusalim">Ghadah Abusalim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suliman%20Alharbi"> Suliman Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesham%20Khalil"> Hesham Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milton%20Wainwright"> Milton Wainwright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20A.%20Khiyami"> Mohammad A. Khiyami </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of implantable foreign devices in medicine has recently increased dramatically. Intravascular cannulae and catheters are used to administer fluids, medications, parenteral nutrition, and blood products in order to monitor hemodynamic status and also to provide hemodialysis. The early and late failure of inserted or implanted devices is largely the result of bacterial infection and may lead to the disruption of integration between the device and the tissues which surround it. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are widely considered to be the most common organisms causing device-related infection. Our study showed that S. aureus and S. epidermidis adhered to intravascular cannulae made up of PTFE, SPTFE and vialon. Adhesion of S. epidermidis and S. aureus to intravascular cannulae varied significantly depending upon the type of material used and the presence of coating materials. Both bacteria adhered less to PTFE followed by Vialon and SPTFE and the adhesion capacity of S. aureus and S. epidermidis increased over time. Coating intravascular cannulae with human serum albumin inhibited the adhesion of S. aureus and S. epidermidis to these cannulae, and pretreatment of cannulae with fibronectin inhibited the adhesion of S. epidermidis but increased the adhesion of S. aureus to all types of cannulae. Pretreatment of cannulae surface with potassium chloride or calcium chloride increased the adhesion of S. aureus and S. epidermidis to cannulae, suggesting a role for electrostatic forces in the mechanism of such adhesion. This study will hopefully clarify the mechanism of adhesion and provide possible means of preventing such adhesion either by the use of better material coatings or by interfering with the process of adhesion by targeting bacterial structures responsible for it. Currently we recommend the use of PTFE cannulae as they exhibit a lower bacterial adhesion capacity compared to the other tested cannulae. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20epidermidis" title="Staphylococcus epidermidis">Staphylococcus epidermidis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cannulae" title=" cannulae"> cannulae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTFE" title=" PTFE"> PTFE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vialon" title=" Vialon"> Vialon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3444/adhesion-of-staphylococcus-epidermidis-and-staphylococcus-aureus-to-intravascular-cannulae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">489</span> Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis to Ciprofloxacin in Dairy Herd in Tabriz during 2013</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Jafarzadeh">Alireza Jafarzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samad%20Mosaferi"> Samad Mosaferi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansour%20Khakpour"> Mansour Khakpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mastitis is an inflammation of the parenchyma of mammary gland regardless of the causes. Mastitis is characterized by a range of physical and chemical changes in the glandular tissue. The most important change in milk includes discoloration, the presence of clots and large number of leucocytes. There is swelling, heat, pain and edema in mammary gland in many clinical cases. Positive coagulase S. aureus is a major pathogen of the bovine mammary gland and a common cause of contagious mastitis in cattle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outbreaks of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. This study is conducted in ten dairy herds about one thousand cows. After doing CMT and identifying infected cows, the milk samples obtained from infected teats and transported to microbiological laboratories. After microbial culture of milk samples and isolating S. aureus, antimicrobial, sensitivity test was performed with disk diffusion method by ciprofloxacin, co-amoxiclav, erythromycin, penicillin, oxytetracyclin, sulfonamides, lincomycin and cefquinome. The study defined that the outbreak of subclinical positive coagulase Staphylococcus mastitis in dairy herd was 13.11% (5.6% S. aureus and 7.51% S. intermedicus). The antimicrobial sensitivity test shown that 87.23% of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in dairy herd was susceptible to ciprofloxacin, 93.9% to cefquinome, 4.67% to co-amoxiclav, 12.16% to erythromycin 86.11% to sulfonamides (co-trimoxazole), 3.35% lincomycin, 12.7% to oxytetracyclin and 5.98% to penicillin. Results of present defined that ciprofloxacin has a great effect on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis dairy herd. It seems that cefquinome sulfonamides has a great effect on isolated Staphylococcus aureus in vivo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ciprofloxacin" title="ciprofloxacin">ciprofloxacin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mastitis" title=" mastitis"> mastitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy%20herd" title=" dairy herd "> dairy herd </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6431/sensitivity-of-staphylococcus-aureus-isolated-from-subclinical-bovine-mastitis-to-ciprofloxacin-in-dairy-herd-in-tabriz-during-2013" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">633</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">488</span> Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Staphlyococci Isolated from Various Clinical Specimens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recep%20Kesli">Recep Kesli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merih%20Simsek"> Merih Simsek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cengiz%20Demir"> Cengiz Demir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20Turkyilmaz"> Onur Turkyilmaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Goal of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated at Medical Microbiology Laboratory of ANS Application and Research Hospital, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey. Methods: S. aureus strains isolated between October 2012 and September 2016, from various clinical specimens were evaluated retrospectively. S. aureus strains were identified by both the conventional methods and automated identification system -VITEK 2 (bio-Mérieux, Marcy l’etoile, France), and Meticillin resistance was verified using oxacillin disk with disk-diffusion method. Antibiotic resistance testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI criteria, and intermediate susceptible strains were considered as resistant. Results: Seven hundred S.aureus strains which were isolated from various clinical specimens were included in this study. These strains were mostly isolated from blood culture, tissue, wounds and bronchial aspiration. All of 306 (43,7%) were oxacillin resistant. While all the S.aureus strains were found to be susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, daptomycin and linezolid, 38 (9.6 %), 77 (19.5 %), 116 (29.4 %), 152 (38.6 %) and 28 (7.1 %) were found to be resistant aganist to clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, retrospectively. Conclusions: Comparing to the Methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains, increased resistance rates of, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, and tetracycline were observed among the MRSA strains. In this study, the most effective antibiotic on the total of strains was found to be trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, the least effective antibiotic on the total of strains was found to be tetracycline. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic%20resistance" title="antibiotic resistance">antibiotic resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRSA" title=" MRSA"> MRSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VITEK%202" title=" VITEK 2"> VITEK 2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71749/evaluation-of-antibiotic-resistance-profiles-of-staphlyococci-isolated-from-various-clinical-specimens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71749.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">487</span> Substitution of Fish Meal by Local Vegetable Raw Materials in the Feed of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus, Linne, 1758) in Senegal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamadou%20Sileye%20Niang">Mamadou Sileye Niang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is a contribution to the development of a feed for juvenile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, from local raw materials in order to reduce the cost of feeding farmed tilapia in Senegal. Three feeds were formulated from local raw materials. The basic composition of the tested feeds is as follows: A1 (peanut meal, rice bran, millet bran, maize meal and no fish meal); A2 (peanut meal, rice bran, millet bran, maize meal and 10% fish meal) and A3 (peanut meal, rice bran, millet bran, maize meal and 25% fish meal). All feeds contain 31% protein. The trial compared three batches, in 2 replicates, with different diets. The initial weight of the juveniles was 0.37± 0.5g. The daily ration was distributed at 9 am and 4 pm. After 90 days of the experiment, the final mean weights were 2.45 ± 0.5g; 2.75±0.5g; and 4.67 ± 0.5g for A1, A2, and A3, respectively. A performance test, of which the objective was to compare growth parameters, was conducted. The results of the growth parameters of juveniles fed A3 were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those fed A1 and A2. The weight growth study shows similar growth during the first month. However, from this date onwards, juveniles fed A3 show a faster growth, which is maintained throughout the experiment. On the other hand, the Protein Efficiency Coefficient and the Survival Rate showed no significant difference. The zootechnical parameters are not significantly different (p > 0.05) between the two tanks for the same feed treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title="nutrition">nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed" title=" feed"> feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fingerlings" title=" fingerlings"> fingerlings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis" title=" Oreochromis"> Oreochromis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20raw%20materials" title=" local raw materials"> local raw materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20cost" title=" feed cost"> feed cost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162920/substitution-of-fish-meal-by-local-vegetable-raw-materials-in-the-feed-of-juvenile-nile-tilapia-oreochromis-niloticus-linne-1758-in-senegal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">486</span> Male Oreochromis mossambica as Indicator for Water Pollution with Trace Elements in Relation to Condition Factor from Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem">Muhammad Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20M.%20Moeen-ud-Din%20Raheel"> Syed M. Moeen-ud-Din Raheel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Arshad"> Muhammad Arshad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem%20Qaisar"> Muhammad Naeem Qaisar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Khalid"> Muhammad Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zubair%20Ahmed"> Muhammad Zubair Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ashraf"> Muhammad Ashraf </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iron, Copper, Cadmium, Zinc, Manganese, Chromium levels were estimated to study the risk of trace elements on human consumption. The area of collection was Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan and was evaluated by means of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The standards find in favor of the six heavy metals were in accordance with the threshold edge concentrations on behalf of fish meat obligatory by European and other international normative. Regressions were achieved for both size (length and weight) and condition factor with concentrations of metal present in the fish body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20mossambica" title="Oreochromis mossambica">Oreochromis mossambica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxic%20analysis" title=" toxic analysis"> toxic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20size" title=" body size"> body size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condition%20factor" title=" condition factor"> condition factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40825/male-oreochromis-mossambica-as-indicator-for-water-pollution-with-trace-elements-in-relation-to-condition-factor-from-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">584</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">485</span> Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Momordica cochinchinesis and Pinus kesiya Extracts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pattaramon%20Pongjetpong">Pattaramon Pongjetpong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, infectious diseases have increased considerably, and they are amongst the most common leading causes of death all over the world. Several medicinal plants are well known to contain active constituents such as flavonoids, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds, which are plausible candidates for therapeutic purposes. This study aimed to examine the antimicrobial activities of M. cochinchinensis and P. kesiya extracts using the agar disk diffusion method and broth microdilution to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value. In this study, Momordica cochinchinensis and Pinus kesiya extracts are investigated for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that S. aureus was susceptible to P. kesiya extracts with an MIC value of 62.5 µg/ml, while M. cochinchinensis showed MIC against S. aureus was greater than 2000 µg/ml. In summary, P. kesiya extract showed potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus, which could greatly value developing as adjuvant therapy for infectious diseases. However, further investigation regarding purification of the active constituents as well as a determination of the mechanism of antimicrobial action of P. kesiya active compound should be performed to identify the molecular target of the active compounds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title="antimicrobial activity">antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Momordica%20cochinchinensis" title=" Momordica cochinchinensis"> Momordica cochinchinensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pinus%20kesiya" title=" Pinus kesiya"> Pinus kesiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140872/comparison-of-antimicrobial-activity-of-momordica-cochinchinesis-and-pinus-kesiya-extracts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">484</span> Antibacterial Activity of Northern Algerian Honey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messaouda%20Belaid">Messaouda Belaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salima%20Kebbouche-Gana"> Salima Kebbouche-Gana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamila%20Benaziza"> Djamila Benaziza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our study focuses on determining the antibacterial activity of some honeys from northern Algeria. To test this activity, the agar well diffusion methods was employed. The bacterial strains tested were Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeroginosae. The results showed that all the microbes tested were inhibited by all honey used in this study but Those bacteria that appear to be more sensitive to all honey tested are Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeroginosae. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey" title="honey">honey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Northern%20Algeria" title=" Northern Algeria"> Northern Algeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13175/antibacterial-activity-of-northern-algerian-honey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">483</span> Antimicrobial Activity of Different Essential Oils in Synergy with Amoxicillin against Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naheed%20Niaz">Naheed Niaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nimra%20Naeem"> Nimra Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bushra%20Uzair"> Bushra Uzair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riffat%20Tahira"> Riffat Tahira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antibacterial activity of different traditional plants essential oils against clinical isolates of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) through disk diffusion method was evaluated. All the tested essential oils, in different concentrations, inhibited growth of S. aureus to varying degrees. Cinnamon and Thyme essential oils were observed to be the “best” against test pathogen. Even at lowest concentration of these essential oils i.e. 25 µl/ml, clear zone of inhibition was recorded 9+0.085mm and 8+0.051mm respectively, and at higher concentrations there was a total reduction in growth of MRSA. The study also focused on analyzing the synergistic effects of essential oils in combination with amoxicillin. Results showed that oregano and pennyroyal mint essential oils which were not very effective alone turned out to be strong synergistic enhancers. The activity increased with increase in concentration of the essential oils. It may be concluded from present results that cinnamon and thyme essential oils could be used as potential antimicrobial source for the treatment of infections caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title="Staphylococcus aureus">Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oils" title=" essential oils"> essential oils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotics" title=" antibiotics"> antibiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combination%20therapy" title=" combination therapy"> combination therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20inhibitory%20concentration" title=" minimum inhibitory concentration"> minimum inhibitory concentration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22310/antimicrobial-activity-of-different-essential-oils-in-synergy-with-amoxicillin-against-clinical-isolates-of-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">482</span> The Impact of the Cell-Free Solution of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Cadaverine Production by Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus in Lysine-Decarboxylase Broth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20%C3%96zogul">Fatih Özogul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurten%20Toy"> Nurten Toy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yesim%20%C3%96zogul"> Yesim Özogul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influences of cell-free solutions (CFSs) of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on cadaverine and other biogenic amine production by Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated in lysine decarboxylase broth (LDB) using HPLC. Cell-free solutions were prepared from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris, Pediococcus acidophilus and Streptococcus thermophiles. Two different concentrations that were 50% and 25% CFS and the control without CFSs were prepared. Significant variations on biogenic amine production were observed in the presence of L. monocytogenes and S. aureus (P<0.05). The role of CFS on biogenic amine production by foodborne pathogens varied depending on strains and specific amine. Cadaverine formation in control by L. monocytogenes and S. aureus were 500.9 and 948.1 mg/L, respectively while the CFSs of LAB induced 4-fold lower cadaverine production by L. monocytogenes and 7-fold lower cadaverine production by S. aureus. CFSs resulted in strong decreases in cadaverine and putrescine production by L. monocytogenes and S. aureus, although remarkable increases were observed for histamine, spermidine, spermine, serotonin, dopamine, tyramine, and agmatine, in the presence of LAB in lysine decarboxylase broth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell-free%20solution" title="cell-free solution">cell-free solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadaverine" title=" cadaverine"> cadaverine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20borne-pathogen" title=" food borne-pathogen"> food borne-pathogen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19420/the-impact-of-the-cell-free-solution-of-lactic-acid-bacteria-on-cadaverine-production-by-listeria-monocytogenes-and-staphylococcus-aureus-in-lysine-decarboxylase-broth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">541</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">481</span> Antibacterial Activity of Copper Nanoparticles on Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Vitro and Animal Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sina%20Gharevali">Sina Gharevali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important factors for nosocomial infections and infections acquired in a hospital setting role as is. Drug-resistant bacteria methicillin, which in 1961 was reported in many parts of the world, Made the role as the last drug, vancomycin, in the treatment of infections caused by the Staphylococcus aureus chain be taken into consideration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of copper nanoparticles and compared it with antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus resistant to vancomycin in vitro and animal model. In this study, this test was performed, and the most effective antibiotic for vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was determined by disk diffusion method. After various concentrations of copper nanoparticles and antibiotics were prepared and vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with serial dilution method for determining antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrationcopper nanoparticles was performed. The agar dilution method for bacterial growth in different concentrations of copper nanoparticles and antibiotics ciprofloxacin was performed. The agar dilution method for bacterial growth in different concentrations of copper nanoparticles and antibiotics ciprofloxacin was performed. Then the broth dilution method for the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, nano-particles, and nano-particles of copper and copper-established antibiotic synergy MIC and MBC were obtained. MBC was obtained from the experimental animal model test method, and the results were compared. The results showed that copper nanoparticles compared with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin in vitro and animal model more effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to vancomycin and ciprofloxacin and extent of the impact of the Synthetic effect of lower copper nanoparticles. Which can then be used to treat clinical research as a candidate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title="nanoparticles">nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper" title=" copper"> copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=staphylococcus" title=" staphylococcus"> staphylococcus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aureus" title=" aureus"> aureus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158819/antibacterial-activity-of-copper-nanoparticles-on-vancomycin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-in-vitro-and-animal-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">480</span> Determinants of Selenium Intake in a High HIV Prevalence Fishing Community in Bondo District, Kenya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samwel%20Boaz%20Otieno">Samwel Boaz Otieno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fred%20Were"> Fred Were</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ephantus%20Kabiru"> Ephantus Kabiru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaunda%20Waza"> Kaunda Waza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was done to establish determinants of selenium intake in a high HIV prevalence fishing community in the Pala Bondo district, Kenya. It was established that most of the respondents (61%) were small holder Farmers and Fishermen {χ<sup>2</sup> (1, N=386) p<0.000}, and that most of them (91.2%) had up to college level education {χ<sup>2</sup>.(1, N=386) p<0.000}, while the number of males and females were not significantly different {χ (1, N=386) p=0.263} and 83.5% of respondents were married {χ<sup>2 </sup>(1, N=386) p=0.000}. The study showed that adults take on average 2.68 meals a day (N=382, SD=0.603), while children take 3.02 meals (N=386, SD=1.031) a day, and that in most households (82.6%) food is prepared by the women {χ<sup>2 </sup>(1, N=386) p=0.000} and further that 50% of foods eaten in that community are purchased {χ<sup>2</sup> (1, N=386)=0.1818, p=0.6698}. The foods eaten by 75.2% of the respondents were <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>, <em>Lates niloticus</em>, and <em>Sorghum bicolour</em>, 64.1% vegetables and that both children and adults eat same types of food, and further that traditional foods which have become extinct are mainly vegetables (46%). The study established that selenium levels in foods eaten in Pala sub-locations varies with traditional vegetables having higher levels of selenium; for example<em>, Laurnea cornuta</em> (148.5 mg/kg), <em>Cleome</em> <em>gynandra </em>(121.5 mg/kg), <em>Vignia ungulata</em> (21.97 mg/kg), while <em>Rastrineobola argentea</em> (51 mg/kg), <em>Lates niloticus</em> (0), <em>Oreochromis niloticus </em>(0) <em>Sorgum bicolour</em> (19.97 mg/kg), and <em>Sorgum bicolour </em>(0). The study showed that there is an inverse relationship between foods eaten and selenium levels {RR=1.21, p=0.000}, with foods eaten by 75.2% of respondents (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>/<em>Lates niloticus)</em> having no detectable selenium. The four soil types identified in the study area had varying selenium levels with pleat loam (13.3 mg/kg), sandy loam (10.7 mg/kg), clay (2.8 mg/kg) and loam (4.8 mg/kg). It was concluded from this study that for the foods eaten by most of the respondents the selenium levels were below Daily Reference Intake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title="determinants">determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV" title=" HIV"> HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title=" food"> food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fishing" title=" fishing"> fishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selenium" title=" Selenium"> Selenium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56060/determinants-of-selenium-intake-in-a-high-hiv-prevalence-fishing-community-in-bondo-district-kenya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">479</span> Antibacterial Activity of Nisin: Comparison the Role of Free and Encapsulated Nisin to Control Staphylococcus Aureus Inoculated in Minced Beef</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zh.%20Ghasemi">Zh. Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Nouri%20Saeedlou"> S. Nouri Saeedlou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ghasemi"> A. Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SL.%20Nasiri"> SL. Nasiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Ayremlou"> P. Ayremlou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Mahasti"> P. Mahasti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of nisin is successfully used as antibacterial agent in various food products. Although the conclusions of the previous studies were that nisin is not very effective in meat environments. The reduced antimicrobial efficacy of nisin when applied in food has been frequently observed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of free and encapsulated nisin to inhibit the growth of staphylococcus aureus in minced beef. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nisin is determined against S. aureus using the agar dilution method. Nisin is encapsulated by spray drying, and encapsulation efficiency, mass yield and total solids content values are 47.79%, 61%, and 96.41 respectively. The study in vitro release kinetics shows highest release of nisin from zein capsules is obtained after 72 hour. This work shows that an appropriate delivery system is necessary to obtain desirable effect of nisin in meat and meat product. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nisin" title="nisin">nisin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encapsulation" title=" encapsulation"> encapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minced%20beef" title=" minced beef"> minced beef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39910/antibacterial-activity-of-nisin-comparison-the-role-of-free-and-encapsulated-nisin-to-control-staphylococcus-aureus-inoculated-in-minced-beef" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">478</span> Biochemical and Molecular Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus Various Isolates from Different Places</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiran%20Fatima">Kiran Fatima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashif%20Ali"> Kashif Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic human as well as animal pathogen that causes a variety of diseases. A total of 70 staphylococci isolates were obtained from soil, water, yogurt, and clinical samples. The likely staphylococci clinical isolates were identified phenotypically by different biochemical tests. Molecular identification was done by PCR using species-specific 16S rRNA primer pairs, and finally, 50 isolates were found to be positive as Staphylococcus aureus, sciuri, xylous and cohnii. Screened isolates were further analyzed by several microbiological diagnostics tests, including gram staining, coagulase, capsule, hemolysis, fermentation of glucose, lactose, maltose, and sucrose tests enzymatic reactions. It was found that 78%, 81%, and 51% of isolates were positive for gelatin hydrolysis, protease, and lipase activities, respectively. Antibiogram analysis of isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains with respect to different antimicrobial agents revealed resistance patterns ranging from 57 to 96%. Our study also shows 70% of strains to be MRSA, 54.3% as VRSA, and 54.3% as both MRSA and VRSA. All the identified isolates were subjected to detection of mecA, nuc, and hlb genes, and 70%, 84%, and 40% were found to harbour mecA, nuc, and hlb genes, respectively. The current investigation is highly important and informative for the high-level multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections inclusive also of methicillin and vancomycin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRSA" title="MRSA">MRSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VRSA" title=" VRSA"> VRSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mecA" title=" mecA"> mecA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSSA" title=" MSSA"> MSSA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151772/biochemical-and-molecular-analysis-of-staphylococcus-aureus-various-isolates-from-different-places" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">477</span> Molecular Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in the Pork Chain Supply and the Potential Anti-Staphylococcal Activity of Natural Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valeria%20Velasco">Valeria Velasco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20M.%20Bonilla"> Ana M. Bonilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20L.%20Vergara"> José L. Vergara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alcides%20Lofa"> Alcides Lofa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Campos"> Jorge Campos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Rojas-Garc%C3%ADa"> Pedro Rojas-García</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staphylococcus aureus is both commensal bacterium and opportunistic pathogen that can cause different diseases in humans and can rapidly develop antimicrobial resistance. Since this bacterium has the ability to colonize the nares and skin of humans and animals, there is a risk of contamination of food in different steps of the food chain supply. Emerging strains have been detected in food-producing animals and meat, such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and oxacillin susceptibility of S. aureus in the pork chain supply in Chile and to suggest some natural antimicrobials for control. A total of 487 samples were collected from pigs (n=332), carcasses (n=85), and retail pork meat (n=70). Presumptive S. aureus colonies were isolated by selective enrichment and culture media. The confirmation was carried out by biochemical testing (Api® Staph) and molecular technique PCR (detection of nuc and mecA genes, associated with S. aureus and methicillin resistance, respectively). The oxacillin (β-lactam antibiotic that replaced methicillin) susceptibility was assessed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the Epsilometer test (Etest). A preliminary assay was carried out to test thymol, carvacrol, oregano essential oil (Origanum vulgare L.), Maqui or Chilean wineberry extract (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) as anti-staphylococcal agents using the disc diffusion method at different concentrations. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in the pork chain supply reached 33.9%. A higher prevalence of S. aureus was determined in carcasses (56.5%) than in pigs (28.3%) and pork meat (32.9%) (P ≤ 0.05). The prevalence of S. aureus in pigs sampled at farms (40.6%) was higher than in pigs sampled at slaughterhouses (23.3%) (P ≤ 0.05). The contamination of no packaged meat with S. aureus (43.1%) was higher than in packaged meat (5.3%) (P ≤ 0.05). The mecA gene was not detected in S. aureus strains isolated in this study. Two S. aureus strains exhibited oxacillin resistance (MIC ≥ 4µg/mL). Anti-staphylococcal activity was detected in solutions of thymol, carvacrol, and oregano essential oil at all concentrations tested. No anti-staphylococcal activity was detected in Maqui extract. Finally, S. aureus is present in the pork chain supply in Chile. Although the mecA gene was not detected, oxacillin resistance was found in S. aureus and could be attributed to another resistance mechanism. Thymol, carvacrol, and oregano essential oil could be used as anti-staphylococcal agents at low concentrations. Research project Fondecyt No. 11140379. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobials" title="antimicrobials">antimicrobials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mecA%20gen" title=" mecA gen"> mecA gen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuc%20gen" title=" nuc gen"> nuc gen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxacillin%20susceptibility" title=" oxacillin susceptibility"> oxacillin susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pork%20meat" title=" pork meat"> pork meat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72478/molecular-detection-of-staphylococcus-aureus-in-the-pork-chain-supply-and-the-potential-anti-staphylococcal-activity-of-natural-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">476</span> Antimicrobial Activity of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Different Bacteria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malalage%20Mudara%20Peiris">Malalage Mudara Peiris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives of the study are: the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus, characterization of silver nanoparticles and determination of antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, MRSA, and C. Albicans. Methods: E. coli (ATCC 25922), A. baumanii (clinical strain), S. aureus (clinical strain) cultured in nutrient broth medium were used for biosynthesis of AgNPs. Culture conditions (AgNO3 concentration, pH, incubation time and temperature) were optimized. Characterization of synthesized NPs was done by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized NPs was studied using the good diffusion assay against E. coli, S. aureus, MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), P. aeruginosa and C. Albicans. Results: All the selected bacteria produced silver nanoparticles at alkaline pH above 0.3 g/L AgNO3 concentration. The optimum reaction temperature was 60oC. According to the UV-Visible spectroscopy, the maximum absorbance was found to be around 420 - 430 nm indicating the presence of AgNPs. According to the good diffusion results, AgNPs produced by S. aureus resulted in the larger zone of inhibition (ZOI) against the selected pathogens, while AgNPs produced by E. coli showed comparatively smaller ZOI. In general, biosynthesized AgNPs were highly effective against gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive bacterial and fungal species. Conclusions: Green AgNPs produced by each bacterium show antimicrobial activity against the selected pathogens. AgNPs produced by S. aureus are the most effective NPs among tested AgNPs, while AgNPs produced by E. coli are the least effective. Further characterization of NPs is required to study the physical properties of silver NPs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20nanotechnology" title="green nanotechnology">green nanotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title=" silver nanoparticles"> silver nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title=" antimicrobial activity"> antimicrobial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140446/antimicrobial-activity-of-biosynthesized-silver-nanoparticles-using-different-bacteria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">475</span> Investigation of Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in Kitchen of Catering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%87i%C4%9Fdem%20Sezer">Çiğdem Sezer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aksem%20Aksoy"> Aksem Aksoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leyla%20Vatansever"> Leyla Vatansever</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study has been done for the purpose of evaluation of public health and identifying of enterotoxigenic Staphyloccocus aureus in kitchen of catering. In the kitchen of catering, samples have been taken by swabs from surface of equipments which are in the salad section, meat section and bakery section. Samples have been investigated with classical cultural methods in terms of Staphyloccocus aureus. Therefore, as a 10x10 cm area was identified (salad, cutting and chopping surfaces, knives, meat grinder, meat chopping surface) samples have been taken with sterile swabs with helping FTS from this area. In total, 50 samples were obtained. In aseptic conditions, Baird-Parker agar (with egg yolk tellurite) surface was seeded with swabs. After 24-48 hours of incubation at 37°C, the black colonies with 1-1.5 mm diameter and which are surrounded by a zone indicating lecithinase activity were identified as S. aureus after applying Gram staining, catalase, coagulase, glucose and mannitol fermentation and termonuclease tests. Genotypic characterization (Staphylococcus genus and S.aureus species spesific) of isolates was performed by PCR. The ELISA test was applied to the isolates for the identification of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SET) A, B, C, D, E in bacterial cultures. Measurements were taken at 450 nm in an ELISA reader using an Ridascreen-Total set ELISA test kit (r-biopharm R4105-Enterotoxin A, B, C, D, E). The results were calculated according to the manufacturer’s instructions. A total of 50 samples of 97 S. aureus was isolated. This number has been identified as 60 with PCR analysis. According to ELISA test, only 1 of 60 isolates were found to be enterotoxigenic. Enterotoxigenic strains were identified from the surface of salad chopping and cutting. In the kitchen of catering, S. aureus identification indicates a significant source of contamination. Especially, in raw consumed salad preparation phase of contamination is very important. This food can be a potential source of food-borne poisoning their terms, and they pose a significant risk to consumers have been identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title="Staphylococcus aureus">Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enterotoxin" title=" enterotoxin"> enterotoxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catering" title=" catering"> catering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kitchen" title=" kitchen"> kitchen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15962/investigation-of-enterotoxigenic-staphylococcus-aureus-in-kitchen-of-catering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">474</span> Bioinformatics and Molecular Biological Characterization of a Hypothetical Protein SAV1226 as a Potential Drug Target for Methicillin/Vancomycin-Staphylococcus aureus Infections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nichole%20Haag">Nichole Haag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kimberly%20Velk"> Kimberly Velk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tyler%20McCune"> Tyler McCune</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun%20Wu"> Chun Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Methicillin/multiple-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are infectious bacteria that are resistant to common antibiotics. A previous in silico study in our group has identified a hypothetical protein SAV1226 as one of the potential drug targets. In this study, we reported the bioinformatics characterization, as well as cloning, expression, purification and kinetic assays of hypothetical protein SAV1226 from methicillin/vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Mu50 strain. MALDI-TOF/MS analysis revealed a low degree of structural similarity with known proteins. Kinetic assays demonstrated that hypothetical protein SAV1226 is neither a domain of an ATP dependent dihydroxyacetone kinase nor of a phosphotransferase system (PTS) dihydroxyacetone kinase, suggesting that the function of hypothetical protein SAV1226 might be misannotated on public databases such as UniProt and InterProScan 5. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Methicillin-resistant%20Staphylococcus%20aureus" title="Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus">Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dihydroxyacetone%20kinase" title=" dihydroxyacetone kinase"> dihydroxyacetone kinase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20genes" title=" essential genes"> essential genes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20target" title=" drug target"> drug target</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphoryl%20group%20donor" title=" phosphoryl group donor"> phosphoryl group donor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21705/bioinformatics-and-molecular-biological-characterization-of-a-hypothetical-protein-sav1226-as-a-potential-drug-target-for-methicillinvancomycin-staphylococcus-aureus-infections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21705.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20aureus&page=2">2</a></li> <li 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