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James Boswell — Wikipédia

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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Notes et références</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Publications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">James Boswell</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 36 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84" title="جيمس بوزويل – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيمس بوزويل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84" title="جيمس بوزويل – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيمس بوزويل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84" title="جیمز بوسول – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جیمز بوسول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%84" title="جیمز بازول – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جیمز بازول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A1_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%96%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C" title="ג&#039;יימס בוזוול – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג&#039;יימס בוזוול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B4%D5%BD_%D4%B2%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Ջեյմս Բոսուել – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջեյմս Բոսուել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A0%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9C%E3%82%BA%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB" title="ジェイムズ・ボズウェル – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジェイムズ・ボズウェル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Джеймс Босуэлл – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джеймс Босуэлл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B3%B4%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0" title="제임스 보스웰 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제임스 보스웰" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iacobus_Boswell" title="Iacobus Boswell – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iacobus Boswell" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Џејмс Босвел – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џејмс Босвел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD" title="ജെയിംസ് ബോസ്‌വെൽ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജെയിംസ് ബോസ്‌വെൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84" title="جیمس باسویل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جیمس باسویل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BB,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Босуэлл, Джеймс – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Босуэлл, Джеймс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell" title="James Boswell – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="James Boswell" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Джеймс Босвелл – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джеймс Босвелл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84" title="جیمس باسویل – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جیمس باسویل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94" title="詹姆斯·博斯韦尔 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="詹姆斯·博斯韦尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q335060#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les 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class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Boswell" class="mw-disambig" title="Boswell">Boswell</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive large"><div class="entete icon auteur" style="background-color:#4C6099;color:#FFFFFF"><div>James Boswell<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r155517023">.mw-parser-output .entete.auteur{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Picto_infobox_auteur.png")}</style></div></div><div><div class="images" style="padding:2px 0"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:James_Boswell_of_Auchinleck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/James_Boswell_of_Auchinleck.jpg/260px-James_Boswell_of_Auchinleck.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/James_Boswell_of_Auchinleck.jpg/390px-James_Boswell_of_Auchinleck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/James_Boswell_of_Auchinleck.jpg/520px-James_Boswell_of_Auchinleck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div><div class="legend">Portrait de James Boswell par <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Reynolds" title="Joshua Reynolds">Joshua Reynolds</a> (1785).</div></div><table><caption style="color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;background-color:#4C6099">Biographie</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">Naissance</th><td class=""><div> <time class="nowrap date-lien bday" datetime="1740-10-29" data-sort-value="1740-10-29"><a href="/wiki/29_octobre" title="29 octobre">29 octobre</a> <a href="/wiki/1740_en_litt%C3%A9rature" title="1740 en littérature">1740</a></time><br /><a href="/wiki/%C3%89dimbourg" title="Édimbourg">Édimbourg</a></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Décès</th><td class=""><div> <time class="nowrap date-lien dday" datetime="1795-05-19" data-sort-value="1795-05-19"><a href="/wiki/19_mai" title="19 mai">19</a> <a href="/wiki/Mai_1795" title="Mai 1795">mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1795_en_litt%C3%A9rature" title="1795 en littérature">1795</a></time> (à 54&#160;ans)<br /><a href="/wiki/Londres" title="Londres">Londres</a></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Nom de naissance</th><td class=""><div> James Boswell</div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Surnom</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p1449"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Bozzy</span><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P1449" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Nationalité</th><td class=""><div> britannique</div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Formation</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p69"><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27%C3%89dimbourg" title="Université d&#39;Édimbourg">Université d'Édimbourg</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Glasgow" title="Université de Glasgow">Université de Glasgow</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27Utrecht" title="Université d&#39;Utrecht">Université d'Utrecht</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P69" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Activités</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p106"><a href="/wiki/Diariste" title="Diariste">Diariste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avocat_(m%C3%A9tier)" title="Avocat (métier)">avocat</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89crivain" title="Écrivain">écrivain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biographe" title="Biographe">biographe</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P106" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Père</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p22">Alexander Boswell, Lord Auchinleck <small>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Boswell,_Lord_Auchinleck" class="extiw" title="en:Alexander Boswell, Lord Auchinleck"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article sur Wikipédia en anglais">en</span></a>)</small><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P22" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Mère</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p25">Euphemia Erskine <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76020907" class="extiw" title="d:Q76020907"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P25" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Fratrie</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p3373">Lieut. John Boswell <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96083635" class="extiw" title="d:Q96083635"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><br />Thomas David Boswell <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96083636" class="extiw" title="d:Q96083636"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P3373" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Conjoint</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p26">Margaret Boswell <small>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Boswell" class="extiw" title="en:Margaret Boswell"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article sur Wikipédia en anglais">en</span></a>)</small><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P26" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Enfants</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p40">Sally Boswell <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96083642" class="extiw" title="d:Q96083642"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><br />Veronica Boswell <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76298066" class="extiw" title="d:Q76298066"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><br />Euphemia Boswell <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76298068" class="extiw" title="d:Q76298068"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><br />Alexander Boswell <small>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Alexander_Boswell,_1st_Baronet" class="extiw" title="en:Sir Alexander Boswell, 1st Baronet"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article sur Wikipédia en anglais">en</span></a>)</small><br />James Boswell <small>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Boswell_(1778%E2%80%931822)" class="extiw" title="en:James Boswell (1778–1822)"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article sur Wikipédia en anglais">en</span></a>)</small><br />Elizabeth Boswell <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76298069" class="extiw" title="d:Q76298069"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><br />Charles Boswell <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96083641" class="extiw" title="d:Q96083641"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P40" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;background-color:#4C6099">Autres informations</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">A travaillé pour</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p108"><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27%C3%89dimbourg" title="Université d&#39;Édimbourg">Université d'Édimbourg</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P108" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Chaire</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p803"><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27%C3%89dimbourg" title="Université d&#39;Édimbourg">Université d'Édimbourg</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P803" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Archives conservées par</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p485"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Beinecke_de_livres_rares_et_manuscrits" title="Bibliothèque Beinecke de livres rares et manuscrits">Bibliothèque Beinecke de livres rares et manuscrits</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P485" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;background-color:#4C6099">Œuvres principales</caption><tbody><tr class=""><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p800"><i>The Life of Samuel Johnson</i> <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1218644" class="extiw" title="d:Q1218644"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l&#39;élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#P800" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar noprint bordered navigation-not-searchable" style="border-top:1px solid #4C6099"><span class="plainlinks" style="text-align:left"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=0">modifier</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=0">modifier le code</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060" class="extiw" title="d:Q335060">modifier Wikidata</a></span><span style="text-align:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Biographie2" title="Documentation du modèle"><img alt="Documentation du modèle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></p></div> <p><b>James Boswell</b>, né le <time class="nowrap bday" datetime="1740-10-29" data-sort-value="1740-10-29">29 octobre 1740</time> à <a href="/wiki/%C3%89dimbourg" title="Édimbourg">Édimbourg</a> et mort le <time class="nowrap dday" datetime="1795-05-19" data-sort-value="1795-05-19">19 mai 1795</time> à <a href="/wiki/Fitzrovia" title="Fitzrovia">Fitzrovia</a>, est un <a href="/wiki/%C3%89crivain" title="Écrivain">écrivain</a> et <a href="/wiki/Avocat_(m%C3%A9tier)" title="Avocat (métier)">avocat</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cosse" title="Écosse">écossais</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biographie">Biographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier la section : Biographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Biographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fils de Lord Alexander Boswell, dépressif<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, Boswell est connu pour sa monumentale <a href="/wiki/Biographie" title="Biographie">biographie</a> de <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a>, <i>La Vie de Samuel Johnson</i> (<i>The Life of Samuel Johnson</i>), publiée en <time>1791</time><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, considérée comme l’un des chefs-d’œuvre de la <a href="/wiki/Litt%C3%A9rature_anglaise" title="Littérature anglaise">littérature anglaise</a> du <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, pour ses récits de voyages et pour son engagement en faveur des <a href="/wiki/Corses" title="Corses">Corses</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Inscrit, à l’âge de treize ans, à l’<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%E2%80%99%C3%89dimbourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Université d’Édimbourg">université d’Édimbourg</a>, il y a étudié les arts, de <time>1753</time> à <time>1758</time>, avant d’être envoyé poursuivre ses études, à l’âge de dix-neuf ans, à l’<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Glasgow" title="Université de Glasgow">université de Glasgow</a>, où il fut l’élève du philosophe écossais <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Adam Smith</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Voyant qu'il avait décidé de se convertir au catholicisme et de devenir moine, son père lui ordonna de rentrer. Au lieu d’obéir, il s’enfuit à Londres, où il vécut trois mois en libertin, avant d’être ramené en Écosse par son père. À son retour, réinscrit à Édimbourg, son père l’a obligé à renoncer à la majeure partie de son héritage en échange d’une allocation de 100&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="livre sterling">£</abbr> par an. Ayant réussi son oral de droit, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1762-07-30" data-sort-value="1762-07-30">30 juillet 1762</time>, son père décida d’augmenter son allocation à 200&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="livre sterling">£</abbr> annuelles et de lui permettre de retourner à Londres. C’est à cette époque qu’il rédige son <i>London Journal</i> et qu’il rencontre pour la première fois, l’écrivain <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a>, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1763-05-16" data-sort-value="1763-05-16">16 mai 1763</time><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Tous deux devinrent presque immédiatement amis, même si, pour Boswell, Johnson, qui avait fini par le surnommer «&#160;Bozzy&#160;», était plus une figure parentale<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>En <time>1768</time>, il entreprend un voyage à travers l’Europe où il rencontre notamment <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a> et <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lévy_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lévy-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Sur la recommandation de ce dernier, il se rend en <a href="/wiki/Corse" title="Corse">Corse</a> à la rencontre de l’éminent général en chef de la Nation corse <a href="/wiki/Pasquale_Paoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasquale Paoli">Pasquale Paoli</a>, avec lequel il se lie d’amitié<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Admirant sa tentative d’organisation d’un État démocratique dans l’île et sa volonté de s’affranchir de toute tutelle étrangère, il se fait l'ambassadeur de la cause corse auprès de l’<a href="/wiki/Si%C3%A8cle_des_Lumi%C3%A8res" title="Siècle des Lumières">Europe des Lumières</a> et publie lors de son retour en Angleterre un best-seller traduit dans de nombreuses langues en Europe&#160;: le célèbre <i>Account of Corsica (Compte rendu sur la Corse), The Journal of a Tour to that Island and Memoirs of Pascal Paoli</i> (1768)<sup id="cite_ref-Graziani_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Graziani-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>James Boswell a tenu un journal personnel lors de son deuxième passage à Londres à l’âge de 22 ans. Ce journal, qui décrit la vie londonienne du jeune Boswell sur une période allant du <time class="nowrap" datetime="1762-11-15" data-sort-value="1762-11-15">15 novembre 1762</time> au <time class="nowrap" datetime="1763-08-03" data-sort-value="1763-08-03">3 août 1763</time>, avait été oublié. Retrouvé en <a href="/wiki/Irlande_(%C3%AEle)" title="Irlande (île)">Irlande</a> en <time>1920</time>, il a paru pour la première fois en <time>1950</time><sup id="cite_ref-LonJou_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LonJou-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. On y voit un écrivain disposé à exprimer ce que les autres auteurs de l’époque réprimaient<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Initié à la franc-maçonnerie, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1759-08-14" data-sort-value="1759-08-14">14 août 1759</time>, il est devenu, en 1773, maitre de sa loge et grand gardien principal de la <a href="/wiki/Grande_Loge_d%E2%80%99%C3%89cosse" title="Grande Loge d’Écosse">Grande Loge d’Écosse</a>. De 1776 à 1777, il fut le grand maître adjoint de cette grande loge<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Initialement abolitionniste, il serait ensuite devenu hostile à cette cause<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Grand amateur de prostituées<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, il a contracté, à au moins dix-sept reprises, une maladie vénérienne<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, bien qu’il se soit, à l’occasion, protégé à l’aide d’un préservatif<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>En 1792, il défend <span class="ExistingLink"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Bryant" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Bryant">Mary Bryant</a></span>, bagnarde anglaise qui a effectué un retour périlleux d'Australie, et obtient sa grâce. </p><p>Le terme de Boswell est passé dans la langue anglaise, sous la forme de «&#160;<i>Boswell</i>, <i>Boswellian</i>, <i>Boswellism</i>&#160;» pour décrire un compagnon fidèle et observateur qui prend des notes, rédige ou enregistre ses observations. Dans <i><a href="/wiki/Un_scandale_en_Boh%C3%AAme" title="Un scandale en Bohême">Un scandale en Bohême</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Sir_Arthur_Conan_Doyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Arthur Conan Doyle">Sir Arthur Conan Doyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes" title="Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a> dit affectueusement du <a href="/wiki/Docteur_Watson" title="Docteur Watson">Docteur Watson</a>, narrateur de leurs aventures&#160;: <span class="citation not_fr_quote" lang="en">«&#160;<span class="italique">I am lost without my Boswell<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-SH_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</span>&#160;»</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:30em;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Lors de leur première conversation, Boswell aurait dit&#160;: «&#160;Monsieur Johnson, je viens effectivement d’Écosse, mais je ne puis m’en empêcher.&#160;» À quoi Johnson aurait répondu&#160;: «&#160;C’est effectivement ce dont, Monsieur, un grand nombre de vos compatriotes ne peuvent s’empêcher.&#160;» (<i>Life of Samuel Johnson</i>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">«&#160;Je suis perdu sans mon Boswell.&#160;»</span></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Redfield_Jamison1996"><span class="ouvrage" id="Kay_Redfield_Jamison1996"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Kay Redfield Jamison, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Touched with Fire&#160;: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament</cite>, Free Press, <time>1996</time>, <span class="petites_capitales" style="font-variant: small-caps;">xii</span>, 370, 22 cm <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-68483-183-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-68483-183-1"><span class="nowrap">978-0-68483-183-1</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/907415015">907415015</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=8VMM61KHiVIC&amp;pg=PA232">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;232<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Touched+with+Fire&amp;rft.pub=Free+Press&amp;rft.stitle=Manic-Depressive+Illness+and+the+Artistic+Temperament&amp;rft.au=Kay+Redfield+Jamison&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.pages=232&amp;rft.tpages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22petites_capitales%22+style%3D%22font-variant%3A+small-caps%3B%22%3Exii%3C%2Fspan%3E%2C+370&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-68483-183-1&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F907415015&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fullbooks.com/A-Short-Biographical-Dictionary-of-English2.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature by John W. Cousin - Full Text Free Book (Part 2/13)</cite></a>&#160;», Fullbooks.com <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-05-02" data-sort-value="2011-05-02">2 mai 2011</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Root2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Douglas_Root2014">Douglas <span class="nom_auteur">Root</span>, <cite class="italique">Social Networks in the Long Eighteenth Century: Clubs, Literary Salons, Textual Coteries</cite>, Newcastle upon Tyne, Cambridge Scholars, <time>2014</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-1443866781" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-1443866781"><span class="nowrap">978-1443866781</span></a>)</small>, «&#160;Two 'Most Un-Clubbable Men': Samuel Johnson, Benjamin Franklin, and Their Social Circles&#160;», <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;256<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Social+Networks+in+the+Long+Eighteenth+Century%3A+Clubs%2C+Literary+Salons%2C+Textual+Coteries&amp;rft.place=Newcastle+upon+Tyne&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars&amp;rft.aulast=Root&amp;rft.aufirst=Douglas&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.pages=256&amp;rft.isbn=978-1443866781&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Rollyson2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Carl_E._Rollyson2005"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Carl E. Rollyson, <cite class="italique" lang="en">British Biography&#160;: A Reader</cite>, New York, iUniverse, <time>2005</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0595364098" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0595364098"><span class="nowrap">0595364098</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=N_TvvAeto04C&amp;pg=PAPA77">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;77<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=British+Biography&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=iUniverse&amp;rft.stitle=A+Reader&amp;rft.aulast=Rollyson&amp;rft.aufirst=Carl+E.&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.pages=77&amp;rft.isbn=0595364098&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sisman2002"><span class="ouvrage" id="Adam_Sisman2002"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Adam Sisman, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Boswell's Presumptuous Task&#160;: The Making of the Life of Dr. Johnson</cite>, Penguin, <time>2002</time>, 361&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-14200-175-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-14200-175-2"><span class="nowrap">978-0-14200-175-2</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=PkllFGaiveIC&amp;pg=PA36">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;36<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Boswell%27s+Presumptuous+Task&amp;rft.pub=Penguin&amp;rft.stitle=The+Making+of+the+Life+of+Dr.+Johnson&amp;rft.aulast=Sisman&amp;rft.aufirst=Adam&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.pages=36&amp;rft.tpages=361&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-14200-175-2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Zaretsky2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Robert_Zaretsky2015"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Robert Zaretsky, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Boswell’s Enlightenment</cite>, Harvard University Press, <time>2015</time>, 278&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-67436-823-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-67436-823-1"><span class="nowrap">978-0-67436-823-1</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/913214836">913214836</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=L2DFBgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PAPA33">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;33<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Boswell%E2%80%99s+Enlightenment&amp;rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&amp;rft.aulast=Zaretsky&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.pages=33&amp;rft.tpages=278&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-67436-823-1&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F913214836&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Price,_Martin,_1920–20101973"><span class="nom_auteur">Price, Martin, 1920–2010</span>, <cite class="italique">The restoration and the eighteenth century</cite>, New York, Oxford University Press, <time>1973</time>, 498&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-19-501614-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-19-501614-9"><span class="nowrap">0-19-501614-9</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/2341106">2341106</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+restoration+and+the+eighteenth+century&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.aulast=Price%2C+Martin%2C+1920%E2%80%932010&amp;rft.date=1973&amp;rft.tpages=498&amp;rft.isbn=0-19-501614-9&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2341106&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lévy-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Lévy_9-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lévy2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Maurice_Lévy2001"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_L%C3%A9vy_(angliciste)" title="Maurice Lévy (angliciste)">Maurice Lévy</a>, <cite class="italique">James Boswell&#160;: un libertin mélancolique&#160;; sa vie, ses voyages, ses amours et ses opinions</cite>, Grenoble, Ellug, <time>2001</time>, 412&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, 22 cm <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-84310-030-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-84310-030-7"><span class="nowrap">978-2-84310-030-7</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/833861392">833861392</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=EVaWDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PAPA58">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;58<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=James+Boswell&amp;rft.place=Grenoble&amp;rft.pub=Ellug&amp;rft.stitle=un+libertin+m%C3%A9lancolique+%3B+sa+vie%2C+ses+voyages%2C+ses+amours+et+ses+opinions&amp;rft.aulast=L%C3%A9vy&amp;rft.aufirst=Maurice&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.pages=58&amp;rft.tpages=412&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-84310-030-7&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F833861392&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="McGinty2017"><span class="ouvrage" id="Stephen_McGinty2017">Stephen McGinty, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Le Voyage de l'intrépide James Boswell</cite>&#160;», <i>Courrier International</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;1395,&#8206; 27 juillet-16 août 2017, <span class="petites_capitales" style="font-variant: small-caps;">xxi-xxii</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Le+Voyage+de+l%27intr%C3%A9pide+James+Boswell&amp;rft.jtitle=Courrier+International&amp;rft.issue=1395&amp;rft.aulast=McGinty&amp;rft.aufirst=Stephen&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22petites_capitales%22+style%3D%22font-variant%3A+small-caps%3B%22%3Exxi-xxii%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>, traduit de <i>The Times</i> du 7 mai 2017 (anglais).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Graziani-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Graziani_11-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Graziani"><span class="ouvrage" id="Antoine-Marie_Graziani">Antoine-Marie Graziani, <cite class="italique">Pascal Paoli&#160;: Père de la patrie corse</cite>, Tallandier, 416&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, 22 cm <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/979-1-02102-314-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/979-1-02102-314-7"><span class="nowrap">979-1-02102-314-7</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/969570464">969570464</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=uVrVDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PAPT179">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="chapitre(s)">chap.</abbr>&#160;X («&#160;Boswell, l’ami anglais&#160;»), <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;179<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Pascal+Paoli&amp;rft.atitle=Boswell%2C+l%E2%80%99ami+anglais&amp;rft.pub=Tallandier&amp;rft.stitle=P%C3%A8re+de+la+patrie+corse&amp;rft.aulast=Graziani&amp;rft.aufirst=Antoine-Marie&amp;rft.pages=179&amp;rft.tpages=416&amp;rft.isbn=979-1-02102-314-7&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F969570464&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LonJou-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-LonJou_12-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2019"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <cite class="italique" lang="en">Boswell’s London Journal, 1762-1763&#160;: The Yale Editions of the Private Papers of James Boswell</cite>, Édinbourg, Edinburgh University Press, <time>2019</time>, <span class="petites_capitales" style="font-variant: small-caps;">xxxii</span>, 440, 24 cm <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-1-47446-458-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-1-47446-458-1"><span class="nowrap">978-1-47446-458-1</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/779585459">779585459</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=kaQxEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PAPR24">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;24<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Boswell%E2%80%99s+London+Journal%2C+1762-1763&amp;rft.place=%C3%89dinbourg&amp;rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&amp;rft.stitle=The+Yale+Editions+of+the+Private+Papers+of+James+Boswell&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.pages=24&amp;rft.tpages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22petites_capitales%22+style%3D%22font-variant%3A+small-caps%3B%22%3Exxxii%3C%2Fspan%3E%2C+440&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-47446-458-1&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F779585459&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Martin_Price1973"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="nom_auteur">Martin Price</span>, <cite class="italique" lang="en">The restoration and the eighteenth century</cite>, New York, Oxford University Press, <time>1973</time>, <span class="petites_capitales" style="font-variant: small-caps;">xv</span>, 800 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-19501-614-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-19501-614-7"><span class="nowrap">978-0-19501-614-7</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/466271569">466271569</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+restoration+and+the+eighteenth+century&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.aulast=Martin+Price&amp;rft.date=1973&amp;rft.tpages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22petites_capitales%22+style%3D%22font-variant%3A+small-caps%3B%22%3Exv%3C%2Fspan%3E%2C+800&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19501-614-7&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F466271569&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">History of Lodge Canongate Kilwinning, No. 2. Compiled from the Records, 1677-1888. p. 238. By Allan MacKenzie. Edinburgh. Published 1888.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><span class="noarchive">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lodgestpatrick.co.nz/famous.php"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Famous Freemasons</cite></a>&#160;» <small class="plainlinks cachelinks">&#91;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130208060549/http://www.lodgestpatrick.co.nz/famous.php">archive du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-02-08" data-sort-value="2013-02-08">8 février 2013</time></a>&#93;</small></span>, sur <span class="italique">Lodge St. Patrick No.468 Irish Constitution in New Zealand</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-11-13" data-sort-value="2018-11-13">13 novembre 2018</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Clarkson1836"><span class="ouvrage" id="Thomas_Clarkson1836">Thomas <span class="nom_auteur">Clarkson</span>, <cite class="italique">The History of the Rise, Progress, and Accomplishment of the Abolition of the African Slave-trade, by the British Parliament</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;1, John S. Taylor, <time>1836</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GlwSAAAAIAAJ">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;194<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Rise%2C+Progress%2C+and+Accomplishment+of+the+Abolition+of+the+African+Slave-trade%2C+by+the+British+Parliament&amp;rft.pub=John+S.+Taylor&amp;rft.aulast=Clarkson&amp;rft.aufirst=Thomas&amp;rft.date=1836&amp;rft.volume=1&amp;rft.pages=194&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGlwSAAAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="BoswellTemple1997"><span class="ouvrage" id="James_BoswellWilliam_Johnston_Temple1997">James <span class="nom_auteur">Boswell</span> et William Johnston <span class="nom_auteur">Temple</span>, <cite class="italique">Boswell Correspondence, letter of 26 June 1767</cite>, <time>1997</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780748607587" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780748607587"><span class="nowrap">9780748607587</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Fu7lQ2wF8DYC&amp;pg=PA192">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Boswell+Correspondence%2C+letter+of+26+June+1767&amp;rft.aulast=Boswell&amp;rft.aufirst=James&amp;rft.au=Temple%2C+William+Johnston&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.isbn=9780748607587&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFu7lQ2wF8DYC%26pg%3DPA192&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Greaves2002"><span class="ouvrage" id="Richard_L._Greaves2002">Richard L. <span class="nom_auteur">Greaves</span>, <cite class="italique"><i>Glimpses of Glory</i> by R. L Greaves page 381</cite>, <time>2002</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780804745307" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780804745307"><span class="nowrap">9780804745307</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8mACZIDfZEUC&amp;q=Boswell+%22venereal+disease%22&amp;pg=PA381">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=%27%27Glimpses+of+Glory%27%27+by+R.+L+Greaves+page+381&amp;rft.aulast=Greaves&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard+L.&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=9780804745307&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8mACZIDfZEUC%26q%3DBoswell%2B%2522venereal%2Bdisease%2522%26pg%3DPA381&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Spacks2003"><span class="ouvrage" id="Patricia_Meyer_Spacks2003">Patricia Meyer <span class="nom_auteur">Spacks</span>, <cite class="italique"><i>Privacy: concealing the eighteenth-century self</i> by P Spacks page 141</cite>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-06" data-sort-value="2003-06">juin 2003</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780226768601" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780226768601"><span class="nowrap">9780226768601</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Xe2tjI-4180C&amp;q=Boswell+%22venereal+disease%22&amp;pg=PA141">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=%27%27Privacy%3A+concealing+the+eighteenth-century+self%27%27+by+P+Spacks+page+141&amp;rft.aulast=Spacks&amp;rft.aufirst=Patricia+Meyer&amp;rft.date=2003-06&amp;rft.isbn=9780226768601&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXe2tjI-4180C%26q%3DBoswell%2B%2522venereal%2Bdisease%2522%26pg%3DPA141&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SH-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-SH_21-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lynch2012"><span class="ouvrage" id="John_T._Lynch2012"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> John T. Lynch, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Samuel Johnson in Context</cite>, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, <time>2012</time>, <span class="petites_capitales" style="font-variant: small-caps;">xxxii</span>, 440, 24 cm <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-52119-010-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-52119-010-7"><span class="nowrap">978-0-52119-010-7</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/779585459">779585459</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=2Kng06OsCOQC&amp;pg=PAPA12">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Samuel+Johnson+in+Context&amp;rft.place=Cambridge&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.aulast=Lynch&amp;rft.aufirst=John+T.&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.tpages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22petites_capitales%22+style%3D%22font-variant%3A+small-caps%3B%22%3Exxxii%3C%2Fspan%3E%2C+440&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-52119-010-7&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F779585459&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier la section : Publications" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Publications"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Account_of_Corsica.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Account_of_Corsica.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Account_of_Corsica.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Account_of_Corsica.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Account_of_Corsica.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Account_of_Corsica.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Account_of_Corsica.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11382" data-file-height="7430" /></a><figcaption><i>Account of Corsica</i>, 1768.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>&#160;<span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Les Papiers de Boswell&#160;: Tome 1, Amours à Londres, 1762-1763</cite> (<abbr class="abbr" title="traduction">trad.</abbr>&#160;Marie-Christine Blanchet, <abbr class="abbr" title="préface">préf.</abbr>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Maurois" title="André Maurois">André Maurois</a>), Paris, Hachette (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Les_Belles_Lettres" title="Les Belles Lettres">Les Belles Lettres</a>, coll. Domaine étranger, Paris, 350 p., 2021) (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr>&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1952), 318&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+Papiers+de+Boswell&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Hachette&amp;rft.stitle=Tome+1%2C+Amours+%C3%A0+Londres%2C+1762-1763&amp;rft.tpages=318&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Les Papiers de Boswell&#160;: Tome 2, Boswell chez les princes, 1764</cite> (<abbr class="abbr" title="traduction">trad.</abbr>&#160;Célia Bertin, <abbr class="abbr" title="préface">préf.</abbr>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Maurois" title="André Maurois">André Maurois</a>), Paris, Hachette (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr>&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1955), 319&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+Papiers+de+Boswell&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Hachette&amp;rft.stitle=Tome+2%2C+Boswell+chez+les+princes%2C+1764&amp;rft.tpages=319&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage"><cite class="italique">Les Papiers de Boswell&#160;: Tome 3, Boswell veut se marier, 1766-1769</cite> (<abbr class="abbr" title="traduction">trad.</abbr>&#160;Renée Viloteau, <abbr class="abbr" title="préface">préf.</abbr>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Lalou_(%C3%A9crivain)" title="René Lalou (écrivain)">René Lalou</a>), Paris, Hachette (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr>&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> 1959), 408&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+Papiers+de+Boswell&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Hachette&amp;rft.stitle=Tome+3%2C+Boswell+veut+se+marier%2C+1766-1769&amp;rft.tpages=408&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span>.</li> <li>&#160;<span class="ouvrage" id="1992"><cite class="italique">État de la Corse</cite> (<abbr class="abbr" title="traduction">trad.</abbr>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Jean_Vivi%C3%A8s" title="Jean Viviès">Jean Viviès</a>, édition critique, présentation, traduction, notes, inde pars), Paris, Éditions du CNRS, <time>1992</time>, 239&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, 24 cm <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-27105-003-8" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-27105-003-8"><span class="nowrap">978-2-27105-003-8</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/28187417">28187417</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=KrkOAgAACAAJ">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=%C3%89tat+de+la+Corse&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+du+CNRS&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.tpages=239&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-27105-003-8&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F28187417&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span>.</li> <li><i>Vie de <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a></i>, traduction de Gérard Joulié, Paris, l'Âge d'homme, 2002.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Lévy2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Maurice_Lévy2001"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_L%C3%A9vy_(angliciste)" title="Maurice Lévy (angliciste)">Maurice Lévy</a>, <cite class="italique">James Boswell&#160;: un libertin mélancolique&#160;; sa vie, ses voyages, ses amours et ses opinions</cite>, Grenoble, Ellug, <time>2001</time>, 412&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, 22 cm <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-84310-030-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-84310-030-7"><span class="nowrap">978-2-84310-030-7</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/833861392">833861392</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=EVaWDwAAQBAJ">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=James+Boswell&amp;rft.place=Grenoble&amp;rft.pub=Ellug&amp;rft.stitle=un+libertin+m%C3%A9lancolique+%3B+sa+vie%2C+ses+voyages%2C+ses+amours+et+ses+opinions&amp;rft.aulast=L%C3%A9vy&amp;rft.aufirst=Maurice&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.tpages=412&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-84310-030-7&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F833861392&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Boswell"></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Boswell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressources relatives aux beaux-arts<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG85195"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">British Museum</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00494"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">National Portrait Gallery</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/james-boswell"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Royal Academy of Arts</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&amp;role=&amp;nation=&amp;subjectid=500274533"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Union List of Artist Names</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressources relatives à la musique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/artist/5487414"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Discogs</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.muziekweb.nl/fr/Link/M00000284644/">Muziekweb</a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la recherche<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/library/browse/personDetails.xhtml?personId=55244"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Archaeology Data Service</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la bande dessinée<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comicvine.gamespot.com/wd/4040-80923/"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Comic Vine</span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Boswell"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/boswell-james"><i>Brockhaus</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//James_Boswell/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118513923.html"><i>Deutsche Biographie</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F041771.php"><i>Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/james-boswell_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><i>Enciclopedia italiana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0011692.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=8939"><i>Hrvatska Enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3879912"><i>Internetowa encyklopedia PWN</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/james-boswell"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/2950"><i>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proleksis.lzmk.hr/13195"><i>Proleksis enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/James_Boswell"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/james-boswell"><i>Treccani</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/james-boswell/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/Straipsnis/james-boswell"><i>Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l&#39;information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335060?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/64002337">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121363095">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11893082f">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11893082f">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/026741180">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79018795">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/118513923">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV102020">Italie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00433939">Japon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00344848?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX1210787">Espagne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14540084">Belgique</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068411170">Pays-Bas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810576271405606">Pologne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007258920005171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nukat.edu.pl/aut/n%20%2094203968">NUKAT</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058530081406706">Catalogne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/178795">Suède</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/495_109596">Vatican</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n79-018795">WorldCat</a></span></li> </ul></div></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamesboswell.info/">James Boswell - a guide</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Samuel_Johnson" title="Modèle:Palette Samuel Johnson"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a>&#160;· <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Samuel_Johnson&amp;action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Lieux</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lichfield" title="Lichfield">Lichfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembroke_College_(Oxford)" title="Pembroke College (Oxford)">Pembroke College (Oxford)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londres" title="Londres">Londres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_de_Londres" title="Cité de Londres">Cité de Londres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cosse" title="Écosse">Écosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9brides" title="Hébrides">Hébrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></li></ul> </div></td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:7px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Samuel_Johnson_by_Joshua_Reynolds.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Samuel_Johnson_by_Joshua_Reynolds.jpg/120px-Samuel_Johnson_by_Joshua_Reynolds.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Samuel_Johnson_by_Joshua_Reynolds.jpg/180px-Samuel_Johnson_by_Joshua_Reynolds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Samuel_Johnson_by_Joshua_Reynolds.jpg/240px-Samuel_Johnson_by_Joshua_Reynolds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1252" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Entourage</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literary_Club" title="Literary Club">Literary Club</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">James Boswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Garrick" title="David Garrick">David Garrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Porter" title="Elizabeth Porter">Elizabeth Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Reynolds" title="Joshua Reynolds">Joshua Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Goldsmith" title="Oliver Goldsmith">Oliver Goldsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Percy_(%C3%A9v%C3%AAque_de_Dromore)" title="Thomas Percy (évêque de Dromore)">Thomas Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Edmund Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burney" title="Charles Burney">Charles Burney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Burney" title="Frances Burney">Frances Burney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hawkins_(auteur)" title="John Hawkins (auteur)">John Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gibbon" title="Edward Gibbon">Edward Gibbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Banks" title="Joseph Banks">Joseph Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Thrale" title="Hester Thrale">Hester Thrale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Barber" title="Francis Barber">Francis Barber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Psalmanazar" title="George Psalmanazar">George Psalmanazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Smart" title="Christopher Smart">Christopher Smart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Savage" title="Richard Savage">Richard Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Baretti" title="Giuseppe Baretti">Giuseppe Baretti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodge_(chat)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hodge (chat) (page inexistante)">Hodge (chat)</a>&#160;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodge_(cat)" class="extiw" title="en:Hodge (cat)"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&#160;: «&#160;Hodge (cat)&#160;»">(en)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Publications</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language" title="A Dictionary of the English Language">Dictionary of the English Language</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Idler" title="The Idler">The Idler</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rambler" title="The Rambler">The Rambler</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gentleman%27s_Magazine" title="The Gentleman&#39;s Magazine">The Gentleman's Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lettre_%C3%A0_Chesterfield" title="Lettre à Chesterfield">Lettre à Chesterfield</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Journey_to_the_Western_Islands_of_Scotland" title="A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland">A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Plays_of_William_Shakespeare" title="The Plays of William Shakespeare">The Plays of William Shakespeare</a></i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Biographes du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Jackson_Bate" title="Walter Jackson Bate">Walter Jackson Bate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton">G. K. Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Greene" title="Donald Greene">Donald Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hibbert" title="Christopher Hibbert">Christopher Hibbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holmes_(biographe)" title="Richard Holmes (biographe)">Richard Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Manganelli" title="Giorgio Manganelli">Giorgio Manganelli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Marc_Parrott&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Marc Parrott (page inexistante)">Thomas Marc Parrott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wain" title="John Wain">John Wain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Wilson" title="Edmund Wilson">Edmund Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Lumi%C3%A8res" title="Portail des Lumières"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Alembert.jpg/19px-Alembert.jpg" decoding="async" width="19" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Alembert.jpg/29px-Alembert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Alembert.jpg/38px-Alembert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Lumi%C3%A8res" title="Portail:Lumières">Portail des Lumières</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:%C3%89cosse" title="Portail de l’Écosse"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/37px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/55px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/74px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:%C3%89cosse" title="Portail:Écosse">Portail de l’Écosse</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Litt%C3%A9rature_britannique" title="Portail de la littérature britannique"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Britishbook-icon.png/38px-Britishbook-icon.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Britishbook-icon.png/57px-Britishbook-icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Britishbook-icon.png/76px-Britishbook-icon.png 2x" data-file-width="968" data-file-height="617" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Litt%C3%A9rature_britannique" title="Portail:Littérature britannique">Portail de la littérature britannique</a></span> </span></li> </ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c59558b9d‐d977n Cached time: 20241129113722 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.211 seconds Real time usage: 1.705 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3285/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 134804/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 8163/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 19/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 30356/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.946/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 11553074/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 47/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1508.979 1 -total 43.00% 648.844 1 Modèle:Infobox_Biographie2 36.31% 547.983 1 Modèle:Liens 6.95% 104.920 2 Modèle:Références 4.48% 67.622 20 Modèle:Ouvrage 4.12% 62.152 1 Modèle:Portail 2.58% 38.875 1 Modèle:Suivi_des_biographies 2.09% 31.532 1 Modèle:Voir_homonymes 1.96% 29.636 1 Modèle:Méta_bandeau_de_note 1.84% 27.693 1 Modèle:Méta_bandeau --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key frwiki:pcache:413973:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241129113722 and revision id 220389193. 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