CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135b42f4a17f8ef',cH: 'RgneVPsVG_r79HDita9pi65gNIKD2YS2cwjD9tzcr7g-1739794536-1.2.1.1-7rqSrmW.gzCf1Im4N2NVfH4WRNolM.zsnG.LYDxlfUKGeeJSIK1V_LOx0lBAipYF',cUPMDTk: "\/6592.pdf?__cf_chl_tk=0uiA2rs6elX7ZDcQ9YtLuL3km4btF20W7WbO5_zfR_Y-1739794536-1.0.1.1-8rXoseyWAEAUvsii8aBVGxMTral9G_4Cp2j0wJUC5VI",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739794536',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/6592.pdf?__cf_chl_f_tk=0uiA2rs6elX7ZDcQ9YtLuL3km4btF20W7WbO5_zfR_Y-1739794536-1.0.1.1-8rXoseyWAEAUvsii8aBVGxMTral9G_4Cp2j0wJUC5VI",md: "joC7S4QKRgSU_LMEkXUDKZrkcrMnZSsMQjVYvNzyK9M-1739794536-1.2.1.1-eM7qz8PHNVWPsoYGTqCqBFrU1ONDzz69nN7BjE922bZBZG3NfWZBpDYQAWP4s22D4Zead9Bf.IwpErFMoCDmaDFs.Bor_za9_NHLaRRjxYi190JET8iRAGOnm8mfiQ8bkiFD5iYXVim4PmRp49Ej3MevqFa4LbNVOv1OvkNlt899TzfV_xVLyGOcbAjMg9Fu9jaf1iigPwUcoLcLZNj9MX1K2gUgW87JtOEQimIBmc0GmFne70fjYyNOG0sKQva44ZXo3p_wM3pGmVeW4yO0kb6INNm0grHuQvhCubWrCAHiEZb_oYBrPtjS3fWfyNXiG7B87ZSNW9Kr6d6wiXrfpepBZSE4jiGGgiualYlImyBfldGvUCbVy2CIvuw29BGe3Smzd670_PiC7xm3DoBsgUBaRUXqymcHpgvQky7feRZJEsOKglxUExyF4YC83SwcKeCmimOuTtYAKjLA42DEelAPfxUyfYW.HYPZAr7_6DORZ.XxY_MqeFTa1d819nqqLsdFfIfREsTvJZqKOsDB4DWh1T64tfVjUGvjLkrvkf3RQzLn8yADW7UTxYvKfzlGDW26u5pqDudKSU7Y2TANTSBPY5BqZZykn9PZdL131GOFv1BwXWfa5UT.xMNujf835OpWCSqzIAed1PGhQHFP9rM5M9DuC5MYe2KpuHx42wJvpzvrR9rPtze5a1VngeUze2s94pgwMKaQyfU3iTLfZjJTMF9MNq2NhyTjsAFKVw17RFFsf78vUHexkSjJPlGdSxcUJwg54G6hXs5WQ9P8ReylFO7Ch7c0T5koZ5n6mXEgOKsTI2uHPySu8.uYFADG2UgabLmhJAmtvt6wr.1OUlAfRXDHhUwI6O0d15lQxfMDDpx90G5qvbo.2hIl53BNujsiwHZ6.PCISVSYutPVZ3LrJYBXqb6hnS882TJNE.hGlQf.mbGQuBcrRjLjqFS75q178qQeWZj1Gu0T03uGTVSlajsUCzI9CeTUokbGCNYz5qSUjd7fFDZYZb9slHaqjTVqAmmN0PJ2njit2jwEVeaqHnd0D0Wc5EVimB2dsgG30j1cBg98bBjXNvtgrY2JcD.6DVbmdIU__6zpSCLDZPOKA2oGiFBxtrTVTGAA2q.9iJzoAcH2QnR.IlHJE.1gphRSjHRDdePtKHwJAoPzrrAoQyDJhBQcHkON_p6Ng4UiQfg4VQEkI7dceNK1.Y8ccyAVJf2AA23JfWCKWRW41piVu9nEOphtojjEnZRyT54IUqhHYmLzd5VIyvSKforjnvILNjWHMKDe1gptXVTd4bXxX7WcK0s3L1rJB7ztG6ZSGqqzh9qCGfR26NUKblZdyxmcDSB2r5wPSIrSve2p68zhbalTqaIZSS1PSI5IGCt6wtACb2rjBHV.VJh4NxtCG3ReJIUpDwNXG.X1qqTaFTOYNWJLlglW6p.dfG_NrC2EKJfQhsXOfPbsRZ_QUxTSQykdilxRT.TD10UpJNX0V0GC3Ein_C8GqOuYK2fpIXlfWAmHQIPAwosPAk5vAdsjlxwyyeFwcxtOENt1.7BFfaFJxCBZwNfkVBTBaNw7j1s7V5GAWbx4xE2ELwUOPMJrdDOTb927JK_rn7nqwsVvwHKOIt9FMcvDSzJzqy_rpM6rogqgzKzhGTfYanrbCiLo.V755p6x6P.6QKumZcea5tlwLBi2vxInsI5aZt_6pCEClQ3GYF5u4Gbpp5DtAoEvNkd5j8f1tGfLzttlTjtEdk6G9i74nDEbtDPAC3ly0YBUncH1dlajo2jUQuZMcwxDd2QWo9PAKoLCTFLFSBnw9bDZdEFD2IlJjNqIm1ETOEbv20Ty9WcwKIq83rFeTqq2wkd3Q1Yb1FkXLtHbAtpGdA",mdrd: "gCqObuTexQMNJ2m_PzW9vxQEdbQCEx41UBI6ry9I1CM-1739794536-1.2.1.1-tTcaDPXoX997Odm2x2bbfaAHVs4BDQKTRi9h8ZyNspaRAyFLm06VbgUOp_4FWQh2WqUA8uwqXMz70SpGK3MJrNpqi2SwdPPu7zTRq9jIcNMEOhnrRTD5gJw3GFGT_MvDCg5_rtbNjZ.htpdIt.vM3YPzAH6Zy_glT17Pv2yj.Hx2C1PDZoVnrTic3XF3hrT2QM3uzO.f19egBs020CQX8pleHCuVRkR9bvIuhr7_2rqz287.ciOiLFhQvGLdwuZCskDicvSn0vxor9jmPG6D2Fo0sOp156ZjBjCzGBb2wG4ZTQC851jbkKIR3l92gAj_VN1Un1aeeMYrnBRxQwzueWZEzRhI.qPNQlMbsDs73FY0PzM7MW0GtwA_gmiPOQU_kbNfJTPFcBs2MGci2kIkug4.Uj_J6rCWLvnWv.qAvBsWWenUpimxirug4OH7q9wZWGUq3SUJuSah7VWUlQDZFFyfhoFrm9ytRWZRkhwlcQxomUsXJjcNNXNi94UICncFWFO.hfc3Brsnwd1iIaChc6Z90OKbYS9UVI3NLTmUPU4KIJpg6lcUllPhWI4DWD4mMQEES3TaETlh2NyPwNkfyyku_PjpUkCVJapqP3ysKorUMAB_ox7QdDmxODvT5cN4FVAxnx.aGOm4kgOoXZihThP6djp6EoJSrbMrOhNfhgm20Y9uCLQQzZaHzHf.JEN3lGGkAEhgB8ekSvrg9u8IHMJn2l_OGpZ4jSkUSJ9yxf6Yr7lMCOoq7g6g0guh5c4CQhHLeTyoVlNQwF0ei_m7w88de2.qhItmxPjtiLq12yiwfRd1gpL4S3zsQzvItxZvd5f0LrwFHg3XWdmy.8mssJmabCMVSSPWnGGhvM2cCwmSxy7orQf75cBDAZupQe3MOzye9ow4EOeHuLQPm_famdM37HjaY.84uO_NAEG37yAHJLRMnN7qEi_8j0VsF0G9OxpgyrBQUCdmDMKk1EHyAqlJqKV_mZNKqiNgqAzr60F_oSFqhvghczL1q2GM2BOyGfgTYSZjphKx4iXiaePwxdO2qZ3L3zuTdESOO6SfmOddBsiy6dPqEEU3Lgy1RHW2xA6OJsXlEnjHY5N4f8PW7EP6YOBv2KWFFjrq0cIznPydsqfyNjnfK21tcqiB8RQs1LIozY1t.4Bsl0oC_SpPFEms3c3eXEgzc36ODx0QzF_9iZ0p1cY942LzPrEucY26MKw5xQBaGFGxBRe4OgbzVTZIzrGDR9eSKnVXdP9AA3NNYHkZLGDYEnCS6x6Jx4AVcfiqe5ePlAdrU1iMGfHsdAtd7cCWl76KYZsPMnpySSzRHHdPjdiPWP9j1Z.WRsYNCbpcJ_YtrkpEPpXLYT7Qq4jY63ZE5bFIHWqpcCA5WuLsr2odOdoV8LQ.T733yFaDy6mAp2bvYZCoR5dsDDMz2uiIZ_fMaPPbXd88AIvRKfYs_nH4khIpht44ZsfqWZQKhHhnTPWhtQ0xhGeIviwG3urDHZn6rLpTHiU04.XADzlec8JGtRuC3PZtJWaB7Y38Yy.KZDFbpoJ_fslX_hwfUpoPdoJxuWNN3IORBrv.UMOpZ._7H_KMG2eXaEZF6fh7A2M1QxUQpwcniTCe7Z.Awv0gRULQzDffehWsULLKktr_vgyXMeCjn0s2qnV18jEpTOLRQz2Ijqep7ysDVh9vPZt5urWFBlx7_JdKQl3LjWqPu7SVjEs3VAYmdrUcurDb3ox5xgWPwPH1ABjIIynBAJPtYEG4CpO42QIXaw1KUES.F7tK6QscaCps9OrXIc6Xry.yWUYwJkdMOBjA2L4.lauksVatf3i9psEkdt9iUXgkThseLoPeCfgWBAM_RqQvpOzvKJwqiFosiDayRWB2F3QVmKd42DK1zhexG8lwp9.Zm0idXMyovF41tQhQgNAm.VMcxgQlY071wZj0JgTuCh3_UpKH2_OqzvPZE768yILJW6FyZjBla.nRFNDqjnUM5zttM3NqrPnrIqRElFXJOQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135b42f4a17f8ef';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/6592.pdf?__cf_chl_rt_tk=0uiA2rs6elX7ZDcQ9YtLuL3km4btF20W7WbO5_zfR_Y-1739794536-1.0.1.1-8rXoseyWAEAUvsii8aBVGxMTral9G_4Cp2j0wJUC5VI" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>