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href="#Supporting_Reagan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Supporting Reagan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supporting_Reagan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_views_and_content" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_views_and_content"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Political views and content</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_views_and_content-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political views and content subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_views_and_content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Trump_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trump_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Trump era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trump_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biden_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biden_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Biden era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biden_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Review_Online" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Review_Online"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span><i>National Review Online</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Review_Online-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Review_Institute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Review_Institute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>National Review Institute</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Review_Institute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Finances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_primary_endorsements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_primary_endorsements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Presidential primary endorsements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_primary_endorsements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editors_and_contributors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editors_and_contributors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Editors and contributors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Editors_and_contributors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Editors and contributors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Editors_and_contributors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Contributors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contributors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Contributors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contributors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Past_contributors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Past_contributors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Past contributors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Past_contributors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Washington_editors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Washington_editors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Washington editors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Washington_editors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate_change_denial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_change_denial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Climate change denial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_change_denial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barack_Obama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barack_Obama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Barack Obama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barack_Obama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ann_Coulter_9/11_column" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ann_Coulter_9/11_column"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Ann Coulter 9/11 column</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ann_Coulter_9/11_column-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jeffrey_Epstein" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jeffrey_Epstein"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Jeffrey Epstein</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jeffrey_Epstein-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rashida_Tlaib" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rashida_Tlaib"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Rashida Tlaib</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rashida_Tlaib-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American editorial magazine</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the American magazine. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/National_Review_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="National Review (disambiguation)">National Review (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><i>National Review</i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Review_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/National_Review_logo.svg/180px-National_Review_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/National_Review_logo.svg/270px-National_Review_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/National_Review_logo.svg/360px-National_Review_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="43" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Natreview.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/af/Natreview.jpg/220px-Natreview.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/af/Natreview.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="365" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><i>National Review</i> cover for August 30, 2010</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor-in-Chief</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rich_Lowry" title="Rich Lowry">Rich Lowry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Categories</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Editorial" title="Editorial">Editorial</a> magazine, <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">American conservatism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">Monthly<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/E._Garrett_Bewkes_IV" title="E. Garrett Bewkes IV">E. Garrett Bewkes IV</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total circulation<br />(2022)</th><td class="infobox-data">75,000<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">William F. Buckley Jr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First issue</th><td class="infobox-data">November 19, 1955<span class="noprint">; 69 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1955-11-19</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company</th><td class="infobox-data">National Review, Inc.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Based in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalreview.com">www<wbr />.nationalreview<wbr />.com</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1699649#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #B0161E; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Conservatism in the United States">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#B0161E; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Conservatism<br />in the United States</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/135px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/180px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="476" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compassionate_conservatism" title="Compassionate conservatism">Compassionate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">Fiscal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusionism" title="Fusionism">Fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism#Relation_to_American_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_conservatism" title="Libertarian conservatism">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderate_conservatism" title="Moderate conservatism">Moderate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_conservatism" title="Movement conservatism">Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism">Neo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postliberalism" title="Postliberalism">Postliberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism#United_States" title="Right-wing populism">Populist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_conservatism" title="Progressive conservatism">Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Social conservatism in the United States">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straussianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Straussianism">Straussian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Traditionalist conservatism in the United States">Traditionalist</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">American exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">American nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism#United_States" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism#United_States" title="Christian nationalism">Christian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism#United_States" title="Classical liberalism">Classical liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism_in_the_United_States" title="Constitutionalism in the United States">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_life" title="Culture of life">Culture of life</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_anti-abortion_movement" title="United States anti-abortion movement">Pro-life</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familialism#United_States" title="Familialism">Familialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_values" title="Family values">Family values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">Federalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">States' rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_essentialism" title="Gender essentialism">Gender essentialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian_ethics" title="Judeo-Christian ethics">Judeo-Christian values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_and_order_(politics)" title="Law and order (politics)">Law and order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_government" title="Limited government">Limited government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritocracy" title="Meritocracy">Meritocracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_aristocracy" title="Natural aristocracy">Natural aristocracy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_militarism" title="United States militarism">Militarism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_through_strength" title="Peace through strength">Peace through strength</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_absolutism" title="Moral absolutism">Moral absolutism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordered_liberty" title="Ordered liberty">Ordered liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americanism_(ideology)" title="Americanism (ideology)">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_property" title="Right to property">Property rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">Right to bear arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">Supply-side economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_chivalry" title="Southern chivalry">Southern chivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemers" title="Redeemers">Redeemers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Brahmin" title="Boston Brahmin">Boston Brahmins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_humanism_(literature)" title="New humanism (literature)">New Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians" title="Southern Agrarians">Southern Agrarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Right_(United_States)" title="Old Right (United States)">Old Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Manifesto" title="Conservative Manifesto">Conservative Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_coalition" title="Conservative coalition">Conservative coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Committee" title="America First Committee">America First Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_the_1950s" class="mw-redirect" title="United States in the 1950s">United States in the 1950s</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_presidency" class="mw-redirect" title="Eisenhower presidency">Eisenhower presidency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater_1964_presidential_campaign" title="Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign">Goldwater campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Right#United_States" title="New Right">New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_era" title="Reagan era">Reagan era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Doctrine" title="Reagan Doctrine">Reagan Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaganomics" title="Reaganomics">Reaganomics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Revolution" title="Republican Revolution">Republican Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">W. Bush presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism_and_paleoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism">Neo- vs. paleoconservatism</a></li> <li>Trump era <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">First term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second presidency of Donald Trump">Second term</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams" title="Henry Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Anton" title="Michael Anton">Anton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Babbitt" title="Irving Babbitt">Babbitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bacevich" title="Andrew Bacevich">Bacevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bell" title="Daniel Bell">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Bellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_L._Berger" title="Peter L. Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Bloom" title="Allan Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Boorstin" title="Daniel J. Boorstin">Boorstin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Bradford" title="Mel Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burgess_(political_scientist)" title="John Burgess (political scientist)">Burgess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Burnham" title="James Burnham">Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Deneen" title="Patrick Deneen">Deneen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Eastman" title="Max Eastman">Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Francis_(writer)" title="Sam Francis (writer)">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Genovese" title="Eugene Genovese">Genovese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gottfried" title="Paul Gottfried">Gottfried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Davis_Hanson" title="Victor Davis Hanson">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoram_Hazony" title="Yoram Hazony">Hazony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Himmelfarb" title="Gertrude Himmelfarb">Himmelfarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Hermann_Hoppe" title="Hans-Hermann Hoppe">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zora_Neale_Hurston" title="Zora Neale Hurston">Hurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_V._Jaffa" title="Harry V. Jaffa">Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kerouac" title="Jack Kerouac">Kerouac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Kimball" title="Roger Kimball">Kimball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeane_Kirkpatrick" title="Jeane Kirkpatrick">Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kreeft" title="Peter Kreeft">Kreeft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Kristol" title="Irving Kristol">Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_von_Kuehnelt-Leddihn" title="Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn">Kuehnelt-Leddihn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lasch" title="Christopher Lasch">Lasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lind" title="Michael Lind">Lind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft" title="H. P. Lovecraft">Lovecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Loury" title="Glenn Loury">Loury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lukacs" title="John Lukacs">Lukacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">Mencken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Meyer_(political_philosopher)" title="Frank Meyer (political philosopher)">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Molnar" title="Thomas Molnar">Molnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Murray_(political_scientist)" title="Charles Murray (political scientist)">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nisbet" title="Robert Nisbet">Nisbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pangle" title="Thomas Pangle">Pangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crowe_Ransom" title="John Crowe Ransom">Ransom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Rieff" title="Philip Rieff">Rieff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">Santayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Schaeffer" title="Francis Schaeffer">Schaeffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Sowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Stein" title="Gertrude Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Strauss" title="Leo Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Viereck" title="Peter Viereck">Viereck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Voegelin" title="Eric Voegelin">Voegelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Weaver" title="Richard M. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Wharton" title="Edith Wharton">Wharton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Wolfe</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Abbott" title="Greg Abbott">Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">Adams (John)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">Adams (John Quincy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bolton" title="John Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">Buchanan (James)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan (Pat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush (George H. W.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">Bush (George W.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">DeSantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Gingrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Harding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover (Herbert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Huckabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Boothe_Luce" title="Clare Boothe Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy" title="Joseph McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul (Rand)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Paul (Ron)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randolph_of_Roanoke" title="John Randolph of Roanoke">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Rumsfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Santorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Taft (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft (William)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Thurmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Wolfowitz" title="Paul Wolfowitz">Wolfowitz</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Jurists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Bork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_E._Burger" title="Warren E. Burger">Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Colson" title="Charles Colson">Colson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_T._Frelinghuysen" title="Frederick T. Frelinghuysen">Frelinghuysen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._George" title="Robert P. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Goldsmith" title="Jack Goldsmith">Goldsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Gorsuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_Harlan_II" title="John Marshall Harlan II">Harlan II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Luttig" title="J. Michael Luttig">Luttig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Meese" title="Edwin Meese">Meese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker" title="Alton B. Parker">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">Rehnquist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">Roberts (John)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Terry_Sanford" title="Edward Terry Sanford">Sanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Scalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">Sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sutherland" title="George Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft (William)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Thomas (Clarence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Vermeule" title="Adrian Vermeule">Vermeule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Whittaker" title="Charles Evans Whittaker">Whittaker</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Commentators</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sohrab_Ahmari" title="Sohrab Ahmari">Ahmari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Beck" title="Glenn Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bongino" title="Dan Bongino">Bongino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Breitbart" title="Andrew Breitbart">Breitbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan (Pat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucker_Carlson" title="Tucker Carlson">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oren_Cass" title="Oren Cass">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chodorov" title="Frank Chodorov">Chodorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Coulter" title="Ann Coulter">Coulter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinesh_D%27Souza" title="Dinesh D'Souza">D'Souza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Derbyshire" title="John Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_DiLorenzo" title="Thomas DiLorenzo">DiLorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Dreher" title="Rod Dreher">Dreher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Elder" title="Larry Elder">Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_Goldberg" title="Jonah Goldberg">Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Grant_(radio_host)" title="Bob Grant (radio host)">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alyssa_Farah_Griffin" title="Alyssa Farah Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_van_den_Haag" title="Ernest van den Haag">Van den Haag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Hannity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hart" title="Jeffrey Hart">Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Herberg" title="Will Herberg">Herberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hoover" title="Margaret Hoover">Hoover (Margaret)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Ingraham" title="Laura Ingraham">Ingraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megyn_Kelly" title="Megyn Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kirk" title="Charlie Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Knowles_(political_commentator)" title="Michael Knowles (political commentator)">Knowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Krauthammer" title="Charles Krauthammer">Krauthammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomi_Lahren" title="Tomi Lahren">Lahren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Levin" title="Mark Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Limbaugh" title="Rush Limbaugh">Limbaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Mac_Donald" title="Heather Mac Donald">Mac Donald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_John_Neuhaus" title="Richard John Neuhaus">Neuhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Ngo" title="Andy Ngo">Ngo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_North" title="Oliver North">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Novak" title="Robert Novak">Novak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_O%27Reilly_(political_commentator)" title="Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)">O'Reilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candace_Owens" title="Candace Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Podhoretz" title="Norman Podhoretz">Podhoretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pool" title="Tim Pool">Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Portnoy" class="mw-redirect" title="David Portnoy">Portnoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Prager" title="Dennis Prager">Prager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Robertson" title="Pat Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Shapiro" title="Ben Shapiro">Shapiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amity_Shlaes" title="Amity Shlaes">Shlaes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sullivan" title="Andrew Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Walsh_(political_commentator)" title="Matt Walsh (political commentator)">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Watters" title="Jesse Watters">Watters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Wintrich" title="Lucian Wintrich">Wintrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Woods" title="Tom Woods">Woods</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Activists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Abramoff" title="Jack Abramoff">Abramoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Agostinelli" title="Robert Agostinelli">Agostinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Andreessen" title="Marc Andreessen">Andreessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Bannon" title="Steve Bannon">Bannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitlin_Bennett" title="Kaitlin Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Bezmenov" title="Yuri Bezmenov">Bezmenov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Brent_Bozell_Jr." title="L. Brent Bozell Jr.">Bozell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Cohn" title="Roy Cohn">Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dans" title="Paul Dans">Dans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dobson" title="James Dobson">Dobson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Drudge" title="Matt Drudge">Drudge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Falwell" title="Jerry Falwell">Falwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Feulner" title="Edwin Feulner">Feulner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Flynn" title="Michael Flynn">Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Gabriel" title="Brigitte Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Horowitz" title="David Horowitz">Horowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Krikorian_(activist)" title="Mark Krikorian (activist)">Krikorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Kristol" title="Bill Kristol">Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_LaHaye" title="Tim LaHaye">LaHaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Lindell" title="Mike Lindell">Lindell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Leo" title="Leonard Leo">Leo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McEntee_(political_aide)" title="John McEntee (political aide)">McEntee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebekah_Mercer" title="Rebekah Mercer">Mercer (Rebekah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mercer" title="Robert Mercer">Mercer (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Miller_(political_advisor)" title="Stephen Miller (political advisor)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Murdoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Musk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Views_of_Elon_Musk" title="Views of Elon Musk">political views</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Keefe" title="James O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeonmi_Park" title="Yeonmi Park">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Posobiec" title="Jack Posobiec">Posobiec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Powell" title="Sidney Powell">Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libs_of_TikTok" title="Libs of TikTok">Raichik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Reed" title="Ralph Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Regnery" title="Henry Regnery">Regnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Roberts_(political_strategist)" title="Kevin Roberts (political strategist)">Roberts (Kevin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rove" title="Karl Rove">Rove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rufo" title="Christopher Rufo">Rufo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mellon_Scaife" title="Richard Mellon Scaife">Scaife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schlafly" title="Andrew Schlafly">Schlafly (Andrew)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Schlafly" title="Phyllis Schlafly">Schlafly (Phyllis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Stone" title="Roger Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Thiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginni_Thomas" title="Ginni Thomas">Thomas (Ginni)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington" title="Booker T. Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Weyrich" title="Paul Weyrich">Weyrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Wood" title="Robert E. Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susie_Wiles" title="Susie Wiles">Wiles</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1788)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_America" title="Democracy in America">Democracy in America</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1835–1840)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Notes_on_Democracy" title="Notes on Democracy">Notes on Democracy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1926)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians#I'll_Take_My_Stand" title="Southern Agrarians">I'll Take My Stand</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1930)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Enemy,_the_State" title="Our Enemy, the State">Our Enemy, the State</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1935)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Managerial_Revolution" title="The Managerial Revolution">The Managerial Revolution</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1941)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ideas_Have_Consequences" title="Ideas Have Consequences">Ideas Have Consequences</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1948)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/God_and_Man_at_Yale" title="God and Man at Yale">God and Man at Yale</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1951)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Mind" title="The Conservative Mind">The Conservative Mind</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1953)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Conscience_of_a_Conservative" title="The Conscience of a Conservative">The Conscience of a Conservative</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1960)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Choice_Not_an_Echo" title="A Choice Not an Echo">A Choice Not an Echo</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1964)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Conflict_of_Visions" title="A Conflict of Visions">A Conflict of Visions</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Closing_of_the_American_Mind" title="The Closing of the American Mind">The Closing of the American Mind</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bell_Curve:_Intelligence_and_Class_Structure_in_American_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life">The Bell Curve</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1994)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Revolt_of_the_Elites" title="The Revolt of the Elites">The Revolt of the Elites</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_the_West" title="The Death of the West">The Death of the West</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2001)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hillbilly_Elegy" title="Hillbilly Elegy">Hillbilly Elegy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Benedict_Option" title="The Benedict Option">The Benedict Option</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Why_Liberalism_Failed" title="Why Liberalism Failed">Why Liberalism Failed</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018)</span></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Concerns</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_decline" title="American decline">American decline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancel_culture#American_public_opinion" title="Cancel culture">Cancel Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_war#United_States" title="Culture war">Culture war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_multiculturalism#United_States" title="Criticism of multiculturalism">Multiculturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disparate_impact#Controversy" title="Disparate impact">"Disparate impact" controversy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020s_controversies_around_critical_race_theory" title="2020s controversies around critical race theory">CRT controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversity,_equity,_and_inclusion#Criticism_and_controversy" title="Diversity, equity, and inclusion">DEI controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griggs_v._Duke_Power_Co." title="Griggs v. Duke Power Co.">Griggs v. Duke Power Co.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_bubble_in_the_United_States" title="Higher education bubble in the United States">Higher ed. bubble</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Go_woke,_go_broke" title="Go woke, go broke">Go woke, go broke</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental,_social,_and_governance#Criticism" title="Environmental, social, and governance">ESG</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Corporate_sociopolitical_activism#Counter-movement" title="Corporate sociopolitical activism">Woke capitalism</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeschooling#United_States" title="Homeschooling">Homeschooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_reduction_in_the_United_States" title="Immigration reduction in the United States">Immigration reduction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">Illegal immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States_and_crime" title="Illegal immigration to the United States and crime">Immigration and crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border_crisis" title="Mexico–United States border crisis">Border crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_public_policy" title="Intelligence and public policy">Intelligence and public policy</a></li> <li>Constitutional interpretations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Originalism" title="Originalism">Originalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textualism" title="Textualism">Textualism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managerial_state" title="Managerial state">Managerial state</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mudsill_theory" title="Mudsill theory">Mudsill theory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">Second Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-replacement_fertility#United_States" title="Sub-replacement fertility">Sub-replacement fertility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitary_executive_theory" title="Unitary executive theory">Unitary executive</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Active</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Party_(1969)" title="American Party (1969)">American Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">American Independent Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">Conservative Party of New York State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></li></ul> <p><b>Defunct</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonic_Party" title="Anti-Masonic Party">Anti-Masonic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Union Party (United States)">Constitutional Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> (<i>historically, factions</i>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boll_weevil_(politics)" title="Boll weevil (politics)">Boll weevils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Democrat" title="Bourbon Democrat">Bourbon Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democrat" title="Conservative Democrat">Conservative Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixiecrat" title="Dixiecrat">Dixiecrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan Democrats">Reagan Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Democrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Democrat">Southern Democrats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorr_Rebellion" title="Dorr Rebellion">Rhode Island Suffrage Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Party" title="National Republican Party">National Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American Party">Native American Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Think tanks</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acton_Institute" title="Acton Institute">Acton Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville_Institution" title="Alexis de Tocqueville Institution">AdTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Enterprise_Institute" title="American Enterprise Institute">AEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Security_Policy" title="Center for Security Policy">CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_the_National_Interest" title="Center for the National Interest">Center for the National Interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Institute" title="Claremont Institute">Claremont Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute">CEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Horowitz_Freedom_Center" title="David Horowitz Freedom Center">CSPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_and_Public_Policy_Center" title="Ethics and Public Policy Center">EPPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Institute" title="Family Research Institute">FRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatestone_Institute" title="Gatestone Institute">Gatestone Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartland_Institute" title="Heartland Institute">Heartland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Action" title="Heritage Action">Heritage Action</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership" title="Mandate for Leadership">Mandate for Leadership</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_2025" title="Project 2025">Project 2025</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Institution" title="Hoover Institution">Hoover Institution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Institute" title="Hudson Institute">Hudson Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercollegiate_Studies_Institute" title="Intercollegiate Studies Institute">ISI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Program_in_American_Ideals_and_Institutions" title="James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions">James Madison Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_Institute" title="Leadership Institute">Leadership Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Institute_for_Policy_Research" title="Manhattan Institute for Policy Research">Manhattan Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mises_Institute" title="Mises Institute">Mises Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Research_Institute" title="Pacific Research Institute">PRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_for_the_New_American_Century" title="Project for the New American Century">Project for the New American Century</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_Society" title="Ripon Society">Ripon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_Street_Institute" title="R Street Institute">R Street Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockford_Institute" title="Rockford Institute">Rockford Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Policy_Network" title="State Policy Network">SPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutherland_Institute" title="Sutherland Institute">Sutherland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Foundation" title="Tax Foundation">Tax Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witherspoon_Institute" title="Witherspoon Institute">Witherspoon Institute</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <p><b>Newspapers</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Epoch_Times" title="The Epoch Times">The Epoch Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Union_Leader" title="New Hampshire Union Leader">New Hampshire Union Leader</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Voice" title="The Jewish Voice">The Jewish Voice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Observer" title="The New York Observer">The New York Observer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Remnant_(newspaper)" title="The Remnant (newspaper)">The Remnant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Editorial_board_at_The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="Editorial board at The Wall Street Journal">(editorial board)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a></i></li></ul> <p><b>Journals</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Affairs" title="American Affairs">American Affairs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Conservative" title="The American Conservative">The American Conservative</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Spectator" title="The American Spectator">The American Spectator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Thinker" title="American Thinker">American Thinker</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/City_Journal" title="City Journal">City Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Review_of_Books" title="Claremont Review of Books">Claremont Review of Books</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Commentary_(magazine)" title="Commentary (magazine)">Commentary</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Compact_(American_magazine)" title="Compact (American magazine)">Compact</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chronicles_(magazine)" title="Chronicles (magazine)">Chronicles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch" title="The Dispatch">The Dispatch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Things" title="First Things">First Things</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Imaginative_Conservative" title="The Imaginative Conservative">The Imaginative Conservative</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_World_Review" title="Jewish World Review">Jewish World Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Modern_Age_(periodical)" title="Modern Age (periodical)">Modern Age</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Affairs" title="National Affairs">National Affairs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_National_Interest" title="The National Interest">The National Interest</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">National Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_American" title="The New American">The New American</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Atlantis_(journal)" title="The New Atlantis (journal)">The New Atlantis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Criterion" title="The New Criterion">The New Criterion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Policy_Review" title="Policy Review">Policy Review</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Public_Discourse" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Discourse">Public Discourse</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Partisan" title="Southern Partisan">Southern Partisan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spectator_USA" class="mw-redirect" title="Spectator USA">Spectator USA</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tablet_(magazine)" title="Tablet (magazine)">Tablet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taki%27s_Magazine" title="Taki's Magazine">Taki's Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telos_(journal)" title="Telos (journal)">Telos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Weekly_Standard" title="The Weekly Standard">The Weekly Standard</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li></ul> <p><b>TV channels</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Broadcasting_Network" title="Christian Broadcasting Network">CBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Business" title="Fox Business">Fox Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsmax_TV" title="Newsmax TV">Newsmax TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_News_Network" title="One America News Network">One America News Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VOZ_(media_company)" title="VOZ (media company)">VOZ</a></li></ul> <p><b>Websites</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Babylon_Bee" title="The Babylon Bee">Babylon Bee</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breitbart_News" title="Breitbart News">Breitbart News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bulwark_(website)" title="The Bulwark (website)">The Bulwark</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Campus_Reform" title="Campus Reform">Campus Reform</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Center_Square" title="The Center Square">The Center Square</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Review" title="Conservative Review">Conservative Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Caller" title="The Daily Caller">Daily Caller</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Signal" title="The Daily Signal">Daily Signal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Wire" title="The Daily Wire">Daily Wire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Discover_the_Networks" title="Discover the Networks">Discover the Networks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_(website)" title="The Federalist (website)">The Federalist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FrontPage_Magazine" title="FrontPage Magazine">FrontPage Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Front_Porch_Republic" title="Front Porch Republic">Front Porch Republic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gateway_Pundit" title="The Gateway Pundit">Gateway Pundit</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hot_Air" title="Hot Air">Hot Air</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Human_Events" title="Human Events">Human Events</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Independent_Journal_Review" title="Independent Journal Review">Independent Journal Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/InfoWars" class="mw-redirect" title="InfoWars">InfoWars</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jihad_Watch" title="Jihad Watch">Jihad Watch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/LifeZette" title="LifeZette">LifeZette</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NewsBusters" class="mw-redirect" title="NewsBusters">NewsBusters</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PJ_Media" title="PJ Media">PJ Media</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rare_(website)" title="Rare (website)">Rare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RedState" title="RedState">RedState</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch" title="The Dispatch">The Dispatch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Townhall" title="Townhall">Townhall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twitchy" title="Twitchy">Twitchy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Free_Beacon" title="The Washington Free Beacon">The Washington Free Beacon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Western_Journal" title="The Western Journal">The Western Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WorldNetDaily" title="WorldNetDaily">WorldNetDaily</a></i></li></ul> <p><b>Other</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaze_Media" title="Blaze Media">Blaze Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encounter_Books" title="Encounter Books">Encounter Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evie_Magazine" title="Evie Magazine">Evie Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_TV" title="The First TV">The First</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imprimis" title="Imprimis">Imprimis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Political_Cesspool" title="The Political Cesspool">The Political Cesspool</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Passage Publishing">Passage Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PragerU" title="PragerU">PragerU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealClearPolitics" title="RealClearPolitics">RealClearPolitics</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare_(podcast)" title="Red Scare (podcast)">Red Scare</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnery_Publishing" title="Regnery Publishing">Regnery Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Side_Broadcasting_Network" title="Right Side Broadcasting Network">RSBN</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rubin_Report" title="The Rubin Report">The Rubin Report</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Broadcast_Group" title="Sinclair Broadcast Group">Sinclair Broadcast Group</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Other organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <p><b>Congressional caucuses</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_Caucus" title="Second Amendment Caucus">Second Amendment Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">RSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Caucus" title="Freedom Caucus">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governance_Group" title="Republican Governance Group">Republican Governance Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Dog_Coalition" title="Blue Dog Coalition">Blue Dog Coalition</a></li></ul> <p><b>Economics</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Tax_Reform" title="Americans for Tax Reform">ATR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreedomWorks" title="FreedomWorks">FreedomWorks</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Independent_Business" title="National Federation of Independent Business">NFIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Taxpayers_Union" title="National Taxpayers Union">NTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Patriots" title="Tea Party Patriots">Tea Party Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="United States Chamber of Commerce">USCC</a></li></ul> <p><b>Gun rights</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_Owners_of_America" title="Gun Owners of America">GOA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_Gun_Rights" title="National Association for Gun Rights">NAGR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Rifle_Association" title="National Rifle Association">NRA</a></li></ul> <p><b>Identity politics</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACT_for_America" title="ACT for America"><i>ACT!</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerned_Women_for_America" title="Concerned Women for America">CWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Conservative_Citizens" title="Council of Conservative Citizens">Council of Conservative Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gays_Against_Groomers" title="Gays Against Groomers">GAG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Women%27s_Forum" title="Independent Women's Forum">IWF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Cabin_Republicans" title="Log Cabin Republicans">LCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moms_for_Liberty" title="Moms for Liberty">Moms for Liberty</a></li></ul> <p><b>Nativist</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Immigration_Studies" title="Center for Immigration Studies">CIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_for_American_Immigration_Reform" title="Federation for American Immigration Reform">FAIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Restriction_League" title="Immigration Restriction League">Immigration Restriction League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NumbersUSA" title="NumbersUSA">NumbersUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Prayer" title="Patriot Prayer">Patriot Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proud_Boys" title="Proud Boys">Proud Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oath_Keepers" title="Oath Keepers">Oath Keepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Percenters" title="Three Percenters">Three Percenters</a></li></ul> <p><b>Religion</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Defending_Freedom" title="Alliance Defending Freedom">ADF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_court_cases_involving_Alliance_Defending_Freedom" title="List of court cases involving Alliance Defending Freedom">Court cases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Center_for_Law_%26_Justice" title="American Center for Law & Justice">ACLJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Family_Association" title="American Family Association">AFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_the_Defense_of_Tradition,_Family_and_Property" title="American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property">The American TFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcedon_Foundation" title="Chalcedon Foundation">Chalcedon Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Coalition_of_America" title="Christian Coalition of America">CCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Voice_(United_States)" title="Christian Voice (United States)">Christian Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Forum" title="Eagle Forum">Eagle Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Council" title="Family Research Council">FCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fellowship_(Christian_organization)" title="The Fellowship (Christian organization)">The Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_and_Freedom_Coalition" title="Faith and Freedom Coalition">FFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focus_on_the_Family" title="Focus on the Family">Focus on the Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Moral_Law" title="Foundation for Moral Law">Foundation for Moral Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Counsel" title="Liberty Counsel">Liberty Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_Majority" title="Moral Majority">Moral Majority</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Organization_for_Marriage" title="National Organization for Marriage">NOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Right_to_Life_Committee" title="National Right to Life Committee">NRLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parents_Television_and_Media_Council" title="Parents Television and Media Council">PTMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony_Pro-Life_America" title="Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America">Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More_Law_Center" title="Thomas More Law Center">Thomas More Law Center</a></li></ul> <p><b>Watchdog groups</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accuracy_in_Media" title="Accuracy in Media">AIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Econ_Journal_Watch" title="Econ Journal Watch">Econ Journal Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_News_Foundation" title="Franklin News Foundation">Franklin News Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Watch" title="Judicial Watch">JW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Research_Center" title="Media Research Center">MRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Keefe_Media_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Keefe Media Group">O'Keefe Media Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Veritas" title="Project Veritas">Project Veritas</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li></ul> <p><b>Youth/student groups</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Journalism_Center" title="National Journalism Center">NJC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turning_Point_USA" title="Turning Point USA">TPUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Freedom" title="Young Americans for Freedom">Young Americans for Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_America%27s_Foundation" title="Young America's Foundation">Young America's Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Liberty" title="Young Americans for Liberty">YAL</a></li></ul> <p><b>Social media</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettr" title="Gettr">Gettr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parler" title="Parler">Parler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(app)" title="The Right Stuff (app)">The Right Stuff</a></li></ul> <p><b>Miscellaneous</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_85_Fund" title="The 85 Fund">The 85 Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Western_Civilization" title="Alexander Hamilton Institute for the Study of Western Civilization">AHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Conservative_Union" title="American Conservative Union">ACU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Foundation" title="Bradley Foundation">Bradley Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Caucus" title="The Conservative Caucus">TCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_National_Policy" title="Council for National Policy">CNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Political_Action_Conference" title="Conservative Political Action Conference">CPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsdale_College" title="Hillsdale College">Hillsdale College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Freedom_Foundation" title="Idaho Freedom Foundation">IFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">JBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Olin_Foundation" title="John M. Olin Foundation">John M. Olin Foundation</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Fund" title="Liberty Fund">Liberty Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">LU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Scholars" title="National Association of Scholars">NAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Society" title="Philadelphia Society">Philadelphia Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_University" title="Regent University">Regent University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk_Center_for_Cultural_Renewal" title="Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal">Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Public_Policy_Foundation" title="Texas Public Policy Foundation">TPPF</a></li></ul> <p><b>Other</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Legal" title="America First Legal">AFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Network" title="Atlas Network">Atlas Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Network" title="Collegiate Network">CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservAmerica" title="ConservAmerica">ConservAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donors_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Donors Trust">Donors Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Society" title="Federalist Society">FedSoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservative_Political_Action_Committee" title="National Conservative Political Action Committee">NCPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Justice_Institute" title="Pacific Justice Institute">PJI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turning_Point_Action" title="Turning Point Action">Turning Point Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_American_Civic_Renewal" title="Society for American Civic Renewal">SACR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">YRNF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziklag_(organization)" title="Ziklag (organization)">Ziklag</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Movements</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_and_Pacific_Islands_American_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Asian American and Pacific Islands American conservatism in the United States">Asian and Pacific Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Black conservatism in the United States">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Christian right</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_reconstructionism#Influence_on_the_Christian_right_in_general" title="Christian reconstructionism">Reconstructionism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_education_movement" title="Classical education movement">Classical education movement</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Paideia" title="Paideia">Paideia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Enlightenment" title="Dark Enlightenment">Dark Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Women in conservatism in the United States">Female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_conservatism#United_States" title="Green conservatism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Hispanic and Latino conservatism in the United States">Hispanic and Latino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_conservatism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT conservatism in the United States">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">Libertarian republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_militia_movement" title="American militia movement">Militia movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Monarchism in the United States">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_and_politics_in_the_United_States" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and politics in the United States">Mormon</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Horse_Prophecy" title="White Horse Prophecy">White Horse Prophecy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theodemocracy" title="Theodemocracy">Theodemocracy</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parental_rights_movement" title="Parental rights movement">Parental rights movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement" title="Fathers' rights movement">Fathers' rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_movement" title="Patriot movement">Patriot movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Patriot_movement" title="Christian Patriot movement">Christian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_right_(United_States)" title="Radical right (United States)">Radical right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary_feminism" title="Reactionary feminism">Reactionary feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-libertarianism#United_States" title="Right-libertarianism">Right-libertarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolibertarianism" title="Paleolibertarianism">Paleolibertarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secession_in_the_United_States" title="Secession in the United States">Secessionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Confederates" title="Neo-Confederates">Neo-Confederates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_secession_movements" title="Texas secession movements">in Texas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Never_Trump_movement" title="Never Trump movement">Never Trump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda_47" title="Agenda 47">Agenda 47</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/America_First_(policy)" title="America First (policy)">America First</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Bibliography of conservatism in the United States">Bibliography of US conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_talk_radio" title="Conservative talk radio">Conservative talk radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunning_School" title="Dunning School">Dunning School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">GOP factions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="History of conservatism in the United States">History of US conservatism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_modern_American_conservatism" title="Timeline of modern American conservatism">Modern timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_conservatives" title="List of American conservatives">List of American conservatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservatism_Conference" title="National Conservatism Conference">NatCon</a></li> <li>Colloquialisms <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Barstool_conservatism" title="Barstool conservatism">Barstool conservatism</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cuckservative" title="Cuckservative">Cuckservative</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_immanentize_the_eschaton!" class="mw-redirect" title="Don't immanentize the eschaton!">Don't immanentize the eschaton!</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_pounce" title="Republicans pounce">Republicans pounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_in_Name_Only" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican in Name Only">RINO</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/South_Park_Republican" title="South Park Republican"><i>South Park</i> Republican</a>"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #B0161E; border-bottom:1px solid #B0161E"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_US" title="Template:Conservatism US"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_US" title="Template talk:Conservatism US"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_US" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism US"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>National Review</b></i> is an <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">American conservative</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> editorial magazine, focusing on news and commentary pieces on political, social, and cultural affairs. The magazine was founded by <a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">William F. Buckley Jr.</a> in 1955.<sup id="cite_ref-rperlstein_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rperlstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its editor-in-chief is <a href="/wiki/Rich_Lowry" title="Rich Lowry">Rich Lowry</a>, and its editor is <a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Ponnuru" title="Ramesh Ponnuru">Ramesh Ponnuru</a>. </p><p>Since its founding, the magazine has played a significant role in the development of <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservatism in the United States</a>, helping to define its boundaries<sup id="cite_ref-rperlstein_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rperlstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and promoting <a href="/wiki/Fusionism" title="Fusionism">fusionism</a> while establishing itself as a leading voice on the <a href="/wiki/American_right" class="mw-redirect" title="American right">American right</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rperlstein_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rperlstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brooksd_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brooksd-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">Conservatism in the United States</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_F._Buckley,_Jr._1985.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/William_F._Buckley%2C_Jr._1985.jpg/220px-William_F._Buckley%2C_Jr._1985.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/William_F._Buckley%2C_Jr._1985.jpg/330px-William_F._Buckley%2C_Jr._1985.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/William_F._Buckley%2C_Jr._1985.jpg/440px-William_F._Buckley%2C_Jr._1985.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1929" data-file-height="2860" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">William F. Buckley Jr.</a>, the founder and first editor of <i>National Review</i>, pictured in 1985</figcaption></figure> <p>Before <i>National Review</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s founding in 1955, the <a href="/wiki/American_right" class="mw-redirect" title="American right">American right</a> was a largely unorganized collection of people who shared intertwining philosophies but had little opportunity for a united public voice. They wanted to marginalize the <a href="/wiki/Antiwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiwar">antiwar</a>, noninterventionistic views of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Right_(United_States)" title="Old Right (United States)">Old Right</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENash2006186–193_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENash2006186–193-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1953, moderate Republican <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> was president, and many major magazines such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Evening_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturday Evening Post">Saturday Evening Post</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Reader%27s_Digest" title="Reader's Digest">Reader's Digest</a></i> were strongly conservative and anticommunist, as were many newspapers including the <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Globe-Democrat" title="St. Louis Globe-Democrat">St. Louis Globe-Democrat</a></i>. A few small-circulation conservative magazines, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Human_Events" title="Human Events">Human Events</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Freeman" title="The Freeman">The Freeman</a></i>, preceded <i>National Review</i> in developing <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> conservatism in the 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENash2006186–193_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENash2006186–193-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1953, <a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Russell Kirk</a> published <i>The Conservative Mind</i>, which traced an intellectual bloodline from <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Edmund Burke</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006186–188_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006186–188-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the <a href="/wiki/Old_Right_(United_States)" title="Old Right (United States)">Old Right</a> in the early 1950s. This challenged the notion among intellectuals that no coherent conservative tradition existed in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006186–188_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006186–188-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A young <a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">William F. Buckley Jr.</a> was greatly influenced by Kirk's concepts. Buckley had money; his father grew rich from oil fields in Mexico. He first tried to purchase <i><a href="/wiki/Human_Events" title="Human Events">Human Events</a></i>, but was turned down. He then met <a href="/wiki/Willi_Schlamm" title="Willi Schlamm">Willi Schlamm</a>, the experienced editor of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Freeman" title="The Freeman">The Freeman</a></i>; they would spend the next two years raising the $300,000 necessary to start their own weekly magazine, originally to be called <i>National Weekly</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBogus2011206_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBogus2011206-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (A magazine holding the trademark to the name prompted the change to <i>National Review</i>.) The statement of intentions read:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>Middle-of-the-Road, qua Middle of the Road, is politically, intellectually, and morally repugnant. We shall recommend policies for the simple reason that we consider them right (rather than "non-controversial"); and we consider them right because they are based on principles we deem right (rather than on popularity polls)... The <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> revolution, for instance, could hardly have happened save for the cumulative impact of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation">The Nation</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a></i>, and a few other publications, on several American college generations during the twenties and thirties.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding">Founding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">Conservatism in the United States</a></div> <p>On November 19, 1955, Buckley's magazine began to take shape. Buckley assembled an eclectic group of writers: traditionalists, Catholic intellectuals, libertarians, and ex-Communists. The group included <a href="/wiki/Revilo_P._Oliver" title="Revilo P. Oliver">Revilo P. Oliver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Russell Kirk</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Burnham" title="James Burnham">James Burnham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Meyer_(political_philosopher)" title="Frank Meyer (political philosopher)">Frank Meyer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Willmoore_Kendall" title="Willmoore Kendall">Willmoore Kendall</a>, and Catholics <a href="/wiki/L._Brent_Bozell_Jr." title="L. Brent Bozell Jr.">L. Brent Bozell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Garry_Wills" title="Garry Wills">Garry Wills</a>. The former <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> editor <a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Whittaker Chambers</a>, who had been a Communist spy in the 1930s and then turned intensely anti-Communist, became a senior editor. In the magazine's founding statement Buckley wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-Mission_Statement_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mission_Statement-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>The launching of a conservative weekly journal of opinion in a country widely assumed to be a bastion of conservatism at first glance looks like a work of supererogation, rather like publishing a royalist weekly within the walls of Buckingham Palace. It is not that of course; if <i>National Review</i> is superfluous, it is so for very different reasons: It stands athwart history, yelling Stop, at a time when no other is inclined to do so, or to have much patience with those who so urge it.</p></blockquote> <p>As editors and contributors, Buckley sought out intellectuals who were ex-Communists or had once worked on the far left, including Whittaker Chambers, <a href="/wiki/Willi_Schlamm" title="Willi Schlamm">William Schlamm</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Dos_Passos" title="John Dos Passos">John Dos Passos</a>, Frank Meyer, and James Burnham.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When James Burnham became one of the original senior editors, he urged the adoption of a more pragmatic editorial position that would extend the influence of the magazine toward the political center. Smant (1991) finds that Burnham overcame sometimes heated opposition from other members of the editorial board (including Meyer, Schlamm, William Rickenbacker, and the magazine's publisher <a href="/wiki/William_A._Rusher" title="William A. Rusher">William A. Rusher</a>), and had a significant effect on both the editorial policy of the magazine and on the thinking of Buckley himself.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmant200233–66_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmant200233–66-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>National Review</i> aimed to make conservative ideas respectable<sup id="cite_ref-rperlstein_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rperlstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in an age when the dominant view of conservative thought was, as expressed by Columbia professor <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Trilling" title="Lionel Trilling">Lionel Trilling</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>[L]iberalism is not only the dominant but even the sole intellectual tradition. For it is the plain fact that nowadays there are no conservative or reactionary ideas in general circulation... the conservative impulse and the reactionary impulse do not... express themselves in ideas but only... in irritable mental gestures which seek to resemble ideas.</p></blockquote> <p>Buckley said that <i>National Review</i> "is out of place because, in its maturity, literate America rejected conservatism in favor of radical social experimentation... since ideas rule the world, the ideologues, having won over the intellectual class, simply walked in and started to... run just about everything. There never was an age of <a href="/wiki/Conformity" title="Conformity">conformity</a> quite like this one, or a camaraderie quite like the Liberals.'<sup id="cite_ref-Mission_Statement_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mission_Statement-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goldwater_era">Goldwater era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Goldwater era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>National Review</i> promoted <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a> heavily during the early 1960s. Buckley and others involved with the magazine took a major role in the "Draft Goldwater" movement in 1960 and the 1964 presidential campaign. <i>National Review</i> spread his vision of conservatism throughout the country.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006601–604_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006601–604-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The early <i>National Review</i> faced occasional defections from both left and right. <a href="/wiki/Garry_Wills" title="Garry Wills">Garry Wills</a> broke with <i>National Review</i> and became a liberal commentator. Buckley's brother-in-law, <a href="/wiki/L._Brent_Bozell_Jr." title="L. Brent Bozell Jr.">L. Brent Bozell Jr.</a> left and started the short-lived <a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditionalist Catholic">traditionalist Catholic</a> magazine, <i><a href="/wiki/Triumph_(magazine)" title="Triumph (magazine)">Triumph</a></i> in 1966. </p><p>Buckley and Meyer promoted the idea of enlarging the boundaries of conservatism through <a href="/wiki/Fusionism_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fusionism (politics)">fusionism</a>, whereby different schools of conservatives, including <a href="/wiki/Libertarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarians">libertarians</a>, would work together to combat what were seen as their common opponents.<sup id="cite_ref-rperlstein_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rperlstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Buckley and his editors used his magazine to define the boundaries of conservatism—and to exclude people or ideas or groups they considered unworthy of the conservative title. Therefore, they attacked the <a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">John Birch Society</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">George Wallace</a>, and anti-Semites.<sup id="cite_ref-rperlstein_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rperlstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Buckley's goal was to increase the respectability of the conservative movement; in 2004, current editor <a href="/wiki/Rich_Lowry" title="Rich Lowry">Rich Lowry</a>, compiled various quotes of articles commenting on Buckley's retirement including from <a href="/wiki/The_Dallas_Morning_News" title="The Dallas Morning News">The Dallas Morning News</a>: "Mr. Buckley's first great achievement was to purge the American right of its kooks. He marginalized the anti-Semites, the John Birchers, the <a href="/wiki/Nativism_(politics)" title="Nativism (politics)">nativists</a> and their sort."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1957, <i>National Review</i> editorialized in favor of white leadership in the South, arguing that "the central question that emerges... is whether the White community in the South is entitled to take such measures as are necessary to prevail, politically and culturally, in areas where it does not predominate numerically? The sobering answer is Yes – the White community is so entitled because, for the time being, it is the advanced race."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 1970s <i>National Review</i> advocated colorblind policies and the end of <a href="/wiki/Affirmative_action" title="Affirmative action">affirmative action</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 1960s, the magazine denounced segregationist <a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">George Wallace</a>, who ran in Democratic primaries in 1964 and 1972 and made an independent run for president in 1968. During the 1950s, Buckley had worked to remove <a href="/wiki/Anti-Semitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Semitism">anti-Semitism</a> from the conservative movement and barred holders of those views from working for <i>National Review</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJudis1988283–287_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJudis1988283–287-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1962, Buckley denounced <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Welch_Jr." title="Robert W. Welch Jr.">Robert W. Welch Jr.</a> and the <a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">John Birch Society</a> as "far removed from common sense" and urged the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> to purge itself of Welch's influence.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_Reagan">Supporting Reagan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Supporting Reagan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Goldwater was defeated by <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyndon Johnson">Lyndon Johnson</a> in 1964, Buckley and <i>National Review</i> continued to champion the idea of a conservative movement, which was increasingly embodied in <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>. Reagan, a longtime subscriber to <i>National Review</i>, became politically prominent during Goldwater's campaign. <i>National Review</i> supported his challenge to President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> in 1976 and his successful 1980 campaign. </p><p>During the 1980s, <i>National Review</i> called for tax cuts, <a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">supply-side economics</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Defense_Initiative" title="Strategic Defense Initiative">Strategic Defense Initiative</a>, and support for President Reagan's foreign policy against the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. The magazine criticized the <a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">welfare state</a> and would support the <a href="/wiki/Welfare_reform" title="Welfare reform">welfare reform</a> proposals of the 1990s. The magazine also regularly criticized President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>. It first embraced and then rejected <a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a> in his political campaigns. A lengthy 1996 <i>National Review</i> editorial called for a "movement toward" drug legalization.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1985, <i>National Review</i> and Buckley were represented by attorney <a href="/wiki/J._Daniel_Mahoney" title="J. Daniel Mahoney">J. Daniel Mahoney</a> during the magazine's $16 million libel suit against <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spotlight" title="The Spotlight">The Spotlight</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Washington_Times;_October_25,_1985_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Washington_Times;_October_25,_1985-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_views_and_content">Political views and content</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Political views and content"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Victor_Davis_Hanson" title="Victor Davis Hanson">Victor Davis Hanson</a>, a regular contributor since 2001, sees a broad spectrum of <a href="/wiki/American_conservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="American conservatism">conservative</a> and anti-<a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">liberal</a> contributors: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In other words, a wide conservative spectrum—<a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">paleo-conservatives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neo-conservatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-conservatives">neo-conservatives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tea_party_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Tea party movement">tea-party</a> enthusiasts, the deeply <a href="/wiki/Religious" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious">religious</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Agnostic" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnostic">agnostic</a>, both <a href="/wiki/Libertarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarians">libertarians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Social conservatives">social conservatives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">free-marketeers</a> and the more <a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">protectionist</a>—characterizes <i>National Review</i>. The common requisite is that they present their views as a critique of prevailing <a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">liberal orthodoxy</a> but do so analytically and with decency and respect.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The magazine has been described as "the bible of <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">American conservatism</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-TitanicReshufflingDeckChairsNRCruise-NewRepublic_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TitanicReshufflingDeckChairsNRCruise-NewRepublic-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trump_era">Trump era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Trump era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, the magazine published an editorial titled "Against Trump", calling <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> a "philosophically unmoored political opportunist" and announcing its adamant and uniform opposition to his <a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">presidential candidacy</a> for the Republican nomination for president.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Trump's <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 electoral victory</a> over <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, and through his administration, the <i>National Review</i> editorial board continued to criticize him.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (October 2023)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, some <i>National Review</i> and <i>National Review Online</i> contributors took more varied positions on Trump. Hanson, for instance, supports him,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while others, such as editor Ramesh Ponnuru and contributor <a href="/wiki/Jonah_Goldberg" title="Jonah Goldberg">Jonah Goldberg</a>, have remained uniformly critical of Trump.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In a <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i> feature on conservative magazines, T.A. Frank noted: "From the perspective of a reader, these tensions make <i>National Review</i> as lively as it has been in a long time."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biden_era">Biden era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Biden era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As Trump announced his run for reelection in 2022 and throughout 2023, <i>National Review</i> editorialized regularly against him and his <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">candidacy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_Review_Online"><i>National Review Online</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: National Review Online"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A popular web version of the magazine, <i>National Review Online</i> ("N.R.O."), includes a digital version of the magazine, with articles updated daily by <i>National Review</i> writers, and conservative blogs. The online version is called <i>N.R.O.</i> to distinguish it from the printed magazine. It also features free articles, though these deviate in content from its print magazine. The site's editor is <a href="/wiki/Philip_Klein_(editor)" title="Philip Klein (editor)">Phillip Klein</a>, who replaced <a href="/wiki/Charles_C._W._Cooke" title="Charles C. W. Cooke">Charles C. W. Cooke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each day, the site posts new content consisting of conservative, libertarian, and neoconservative opinion articles, including some syndicated columns, and news features. </p><p>It also features two <a href="/wiki/Blogs" class="mw-redirect" title="Blogs">blogs</a>: </p> <ul><li><b>The Corner</b><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a selection of postings from a group of the site's editors and affiliated writers discussing the issues of the day.</li> <li><b>Bench Memos</b><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> provides legal and judicial news and commentary.</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Markos_Moulitsas" title="Markos Moulitsas">Markos Moulitsas</a>, who runs the <a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">liberal</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Kos" title="Daily Kos">Daily Kos</a></i> web-site, told reporters in August 2007 that he does not read conservative blogs, with the exception of those on N.R.O.: "I do like the blogs at the <i>National Review</i>—I do think their writers are the best in the [conservative] blogosphere," he said.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_Review_Institute">National Review Institute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: National Review Institute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The N.R.I. works in policy development and helping establish new advocates in the conservative movement. National Review Institute was founded by William F. Buckley Jr. in 1991 to engage in policy development, public education, and advocacy that would advance the conservative principles he championed.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Whittaker Chambers</a> family prevailed on the N.R.I. to cease an award in Chambers' name, after an award to people whom the family found objectionable.<sup id="cite_ref-WSJ-Award_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-Award-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WEF-Award_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WEF-Award-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finances">Finances</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Finances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As with most political opinion magazines in the United States, <i>National Review</i> carries little corporate advertising. The magazine stays afloat from subscription fees, donations, and black-tie fundraisers around the country. The magazine also sponsors cruises featuring <i>National Review</i> editors and contributors as lecturers.<sup id="cite_ref-TitanicReshufflingDeckChairsNRCruise-NewRepublic_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TitanicReshufflingDeckChairsNRCruise-NewRepublic-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Buckley said in 2005 that the magazine had lost about $25,000,000 over 50 years.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidential_primary_endorsements">Presidential primary endorsements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Presidential primary endorsements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>National Review</i> sometimes endorses a candidate during the primary election season. Editors at <i>National Review</i> have said, "Our guiding principle has always been to select the most conservative viable candidate."<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This statement echoes what has come to be called "The Buckley Rule". In a 1967 interview, in which he was asked about the choice of presidential candidate, Buckley said, "The wisest choice would be the one who would win... I'd be for the most right, viable candidate who could win."<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These candidates were endorsed by <i>National Review</i>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li>1956: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwight Eisenhower">Dwight Eisenhower</a></li> <li>1960: <i>No endorsement</i><sup id="cite_ref-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/John_M._Ashbrook" title="John M. Ashbrook">John M. Ashbrook</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></li> <li>1980: <i>No endorsement</i><sup id="cite_ref-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011_50-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></li> <li>1992: <i>No endorsement</i></li> <li>1996: <i>No endorsement</i></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></li> <li>2004: <i>No endorsement</i></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012: <i>No endorsement</i><sup id="cite_ref-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011_50-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jonah_Goldberg,_December_15,_2011-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ted_Cruz_Endorsement,_March_11,_2016_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ted_Cruz_Endorsement,_March_11,_2016-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2020: <i>No endorsement</i><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editors_and_contributors">Editors and contributors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Editors and contributors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/National_Review" title="Special:EditPage/National Review">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22National+Review%22">"National Review"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22National+Review%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22National+Review%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22National+Review%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22National+Review%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22National+Review%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The magazine's editor-in-chief is <a href="/wiki/Rich_Lowry" title="Rich Lowry">Rich Lowry</a>. Many of the magazine's commentators are affiliated with think-tanks such as <a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Enterprise_Institute" title="American Enterprise Institute">American Enterprise Institute</a>. Prominent guest authors have included <a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Peter Thiel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a> in the online and print edition. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contributors">Contributors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Contributors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Contributors to <i>National Review</i> (<i>N.R.</i>) magazine, <i>National Review Online</i> (<i>N.R.O.</i>), or both: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Abrams" title="Elliott Abrams">Elliott Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Brookhiser" title="Richard Brookhiser">Richard Brookhiser</a>, senior editor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._W._Cooke" title="Charles C. W. Cooke">Charles C. W. Cooke</a>, editor of <i>N.R.O.</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_H._Fleitz" title="Frederick H. Fleitz">Frederick H. Fleitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fund" title="John Fund">John Fund</a>, <i>N.R.O.</i> national-affairs columnist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Geraghty" title="Jim Geraghty">Jim Geraghty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Johnson_(writer)" title="Paul Johnson (writer)">Paul Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Kimball" title="Roger Kimball">Roger Kimball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Kudlow" title="Larry Kudlow">Larry Kudlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kurtz" title="Stanley Kurtz">Stanley Kurtz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuval_Levin" title="Yuval Levin">Yuval Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lileks" title="James Lileks">James Lileks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Long" title="Rob Long">Rob Long</a>, <i>N.R.</i> contributing editor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Jean_Lopez" title="Kathryn Jean Lopez">Kathryn Jean Lopez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Lowry" title="Rich Lowry">Rich Lowry</a>, <i>N.R.</i> editor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_C._McCarthy" title="Andrew C. McCarthy">Andrew C. McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCormack_(journalist)" title="John McCormack (journalist)">John McCormack</a>, <i>N.R.</i> <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> <a href="/wiki/Correspondent#Capitol_correspondent" title="Correspondent">correspondent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Miller_(journalist)" title="John J. Miller (journalist)">John J. Miller</a>, <i>N.R.</i> national political reporter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Moore_(writer)" title="Stephen Moore (writer)">Stephen Moore</a>, financial columnist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deroy_Murdock" title="Deroy Murdock">Deroy Murdock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Nordlinger" title="Jay Nordlinger">Jay Nordlinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Sullivan_(columnist)" title="John O'Sullivan (columnist)">John O'Sullivan</a>, <i>N.R.</i> editor-at-large</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Ponnuru" title="Ramesh Ponnuru">Ramesh Ponnuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pryce-Jones" title="David Pryce-Jones">David Pryce-Jones</a></li> <li>Tom Rogan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_Rothman" title="Noah Rothman">Noah Rothman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reihan_Salam" title="Reihan Salam">Reihan Salam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armond_White" title="Armond White">Armond White</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Past_contributors">Past contributors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Past contributors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renata_Adler" title="Renata Adler">Renata Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Allen" title="Steve Allen">Steve Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wick_Allison" title="Wick Allison">Wick Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._H._Auden" title="W. H. Auden">W. H. Auden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Banfield" title="Edward C. Banfield">Edward C. Banfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Barzun" title="Jacques Barzun">Jacques Barzun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_L._Berger" title="Peter L. Berger">Peter L. Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bethell" title="Tom Bethell">Tom Bethell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Bloom" title="Allan Bloom">Allan Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Borjas" class="mw-redirect" title="George Borjas">George Borjas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Robert Bork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Brent_Bozell_Jr." title="L. Brent Bozell Jr.">L. Brent Bozell Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Brimelow" title="Peter Brimelow">Peter Brimelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jed_Babbin" title="Jed Babbin">Jed Babbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrna_Blyth" title="Myrna Blyth">Myrna Blyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Buckley_(novelist)" title="Christopher Buckley (novelist)">Christopher Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">William F. Buckley Jr.</a>, founder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Burnham" title="James Burnham">James Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chamberlain_(journalist)" title="John Chamberlain (journalist)">John R. Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Whittaker Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Charen" title="Mona Charen">Mona Charen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannen_W._Coffin" title="Shannen W. Coffin">Shannen W. Coffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Robert Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Corliss" title="Richard Corliss">Richard Corliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Costa_(journalist)" title="Robert Costa (journalist)">Robert Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Coulter" title="Ann Coulter">Ann Coulter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlene_Croce" title="Arlene Croce">Arlene Croce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Davenport" title="Guy Davenport">Guy Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Derbyshire" title="John Derbyshire">John Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Didion" title="Joan Didion">Joan Didion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dos_Passos" title="John Dos Passos">John Dos Passos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Dreher" title="Rod Dreher">Rod Dreher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinesh_D%27Souza" title="Dinesh D'Souza">Dinesh D'Souza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gregory_Dunne" title="John Gregory Dunne">John Gregory Dunne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Eastman" title="Max Eastman">Max Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Ehrmann" title="Eric Ehrmann">Eric Ehrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fleming_(political_writer)" title="Thomas Fleming (political writer)">Thomas Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_T._Francis" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel T. Francis">Samuel T. Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_French_(political_commentator)" class="mw-redirect" title="David French (political commentator)">David French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">Milton Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">David Frum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Fukuyama" title="Francis Fukuyama">Francis Fukuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Genovese" title="Eugene Genovese">Eugene Genovese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gigot" title="Paul Gigot">Paul Gigot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Glazer" title="Nathan Glazer">Nathan Glazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_Goldberg" title="Jonah Goldberg">Jonah Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_M._Goldblatt" title="Mark M. Goldblatt">Mark M. Goldblatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Goldman" title="Stuart Goldman">Stuart Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gottfried" title="Paul Gottfried">Paul Gottfried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Graham_(radio_personality)" title="Michael Graham (radio personality)">Michael Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethan_Gutmann" title="Ethan Gutmann">Ethan Gutmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_van_den_Haag" title="Ernest van den Haag">Ernest van den Haag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Davis_Hanson" title="Victor Davis Hanson">Victor Davis Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hart" title="Jeffrey Hart">Jeffrey Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hazlitt" title="Henry Hazlitt">Henry Hazlitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Herberg" title="Will Herberg">Will Herberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hitchens" title="Christopher Hitchens">Christopher Hitchens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_V._Jaffa" title="Harry V. Jaffa">Harry V. Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Jensen" title="Arthur Jensen">Arthur Jensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Keegan" title="John Keegan">John Keegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willmoore_Kendall" title="Willmoore Kendall">Willmoore Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Kenner" title="Hugh Kenner">Hugh Kenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_King" title="Florence King">Florence King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Kerpen" title="Phil Kerpen">Phil Kerpen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Russell Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Krauthammer" title="Charles Krauthammer">Charles Krauthammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Kristol" title="Irving Kristol">Irving Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Kopel" title="Dave Kopel">Dave Kopel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_von_Kuehnelt-Leddihn" title="Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn">Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ledeen" title="Michael Ledeen">Michael Ledeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Leiber" title="Fritz Leiber">Fritz Leiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leonard_(critic)" title="John Leonard (critic)">John Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Levin" title="Mark Levin">Mark Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lukacs" title="John Lukacs">John Lukacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Lunn" title="Arnold Lunn">Arnold Lunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lynn" title="Richard Lynn">Richard Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_MacIntyre" title="Alasdair MacIntyre">Alasdair MacIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_C._Mansfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvey C. Mansfield">Harvey C. Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachi_Martin" title="Malachi Martin">Malachi Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Meyer_(political_philosopher)" title="Frank Meyer (political philosopher)">Frank Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_McConnell" title="Scott McConnell">Scott McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_McDonald" title="Forrest McDonald">Forrest McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises" title="Ludwig von Mises">Ludwig von Mises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice-Leone_Moats" title="Alice-Leone Moats">Alice-Leone Moats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Moley" title="Raymond Moley">Raymond Moley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Molnar" title="Thomas Molnar">Thomas Molnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Murray_(political_scientist)" title="Charles Murray (political scientist)">Charles Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neuhaus" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Neuhaus">Richard Neuhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nisbet" title="Robert Nisbet">Robert Nisbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Novak" title="Michael Novak">Michael Novak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Novak" title="Robert Novak">Robert Novak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Oakeshott" title="Michael Oakeshott">Michael Oakeshott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_O%27Beirne" title="Kate O'Beirne">Kate O'Beirne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conor_Cruise_O%27Brien" title="Conor Cruise O'Brien">Conor Cruise O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revilo_P._Oliver" title="Revilo P. Oliver">Revilo P. Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pangle" title="Thomas Pangle">Thomas Pangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Paterson" title="Isabel Paterson">Isabel Paterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Pound" title="Ezra Pound">Ezra Pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Craig_Roberts" title="Paul Craig Roberts">Paul Craig Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Rothbard" title="Murray Rothbard">Murray Rothbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rusher" title="William A. Rusher">William A. Rusher</a>, publisher, 1957–88</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Philippe_Rushton" title="J. Philippe Rushton">J. Philippe Rushton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Sailer" title="Steve Sailer">Steve Sailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Sajak" title="Pat Sajak">Pat Sajak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Seipp" title="Catherine Seipp">Catherine Seipp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Seligman" title="Daniel Seligman">Daniel Seligman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Shapiro" title="Ben Shapiro">Ben Shapiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Simon_(critic)" title="John Simon (critic)">John Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Sobran" title="Joseph Sobran">Joseph Sobran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Thomas Sowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Steyn" title="Mark Steyn">Mark Steyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whit_Stillman" title="Whit Stillman">Whit Stillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sturgeon" title="Theodore Sturgeon">Theodore Sturgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Szasz" title="Thomas Szasz">Thomas Szasz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Tate" title="Allen Tate">Allen Tate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Taylor" title="Jared Taylor">Jared Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Teachout" title="Terry Teachout">Terry Teachout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taki_Theodoracopulos" title="Taki Theodoracopulos">Taki Theodoracopulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Timpf" class="mw-redirect" title="Katherine Timpf">Katherine Timpf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_de_Toledano" title="Ralph de Toledano">Ralph de Toledano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberon_Waugh" title="Auberon Waugh">Auberon Waugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Waugh" title="Evelyn Waugh">Evelyn Waugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Weaver" title="Richard M. Weaver">Richard M. Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Weissberg" title="Robert Weissberg">Robert Weissberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wilhelmsen" title="Frederick Wilhelmsen">Frederick Wilhelmsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Will" class="mw-redirect" title="George F. Will">George F. Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_D._Williamson" title="Kevin D. Williamson">Kevin D. Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garry_Wills" title="Garry Wills">Garry Wills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Q._Wilson" title="James Q. Wilson">James Q. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Tom Wolfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_York" title="Byron York">Byron York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._V._Young" title="R. V. Young">R. V. Young</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Washington_editors">Washington editors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Washington editors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L._Brent_Bozell_Jr." title="L. Brent Bozell Jr.">L. Brent Bozell Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_B._Freeman" title="Neal B. Freeman">Neal B. Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">George Will</a>, 1973–76<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Neal B. Freeman, 1978–81</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McLaughlin_(host)" title="John McLaughlin (host)">John McLaughlin</a>, 1981–89</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McGurn" title="William McGurn">William McGurn</a>, 1989–1992</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_O%27Beirne" title="Kate O'Beirne">Kate O'Beirne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Costa_(journalist)" title="Robert Costa (journalist)">Robert Costa</a>, 2012–13</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliana_Johnson" title="Eliana Johnson">Eliana Johnson</a>, 2014–16</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate_change_denial">Climate change denial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Climate change denial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Philip Bump of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>, <i>National Review</i> "has regularly criticized and rejected the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_consensus_on_climate_change" title="Scientific consensus on climate change">scientific consensus on climate change</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, the magazine published an intentionally deceptive graph which suggested that there was no <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The graph set the lower and upper bounds of the chart at -10 and 110 degrees Fahrenheit and zoomed out so as to obscure warming trends.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, <i>National Review</i> published an article alleging that a top NOAA scientist claimed that the <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a> engaged in data manipulation and rushed a study based on faulty data in order to influence the Paris climate negotiations.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The article largely repeated allegations made in the <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a></i> without independent verification.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The scientist in question later rejected the claims made by <i>National Review</i>, noting that he did not accuse NOAA of data manipulation but instead raised concerns about "the way data was handled, documented and stored, raising issues of transparency and availability".<sup id="cite_ref-:4_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, climate scientist <a href="/wiki/Michael_E._Mann" title="Michael E. Mann">Michael E. Mann</a> sued <i>National Review</i> for <a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">defamation</a> after columnist <a href="/wiki/Mark_Steyn" title="Mark Steyn">Mark Steyn</a> accused Mann of fraud and referenced a quote from <a href="/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a> (CEI) writer Rand Simberg that called Mann "the <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Sandusky" title="Jerry Sandusky">Jerry Sandusky</a> of climate science, except that instead of molesting children, he has molested and tortured data."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ars_Technica_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ars_Technica-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Civil liberties organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/ACLU" class="mw-redirect" title="ACLU">ACLU</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a> and several publications such as <i>The Washington Post</i> expressed support for <i>National Review</i> in the lawsuit, filing <a href="/wiki/Amicus_brief" class="mw-redirect" title="Amicus brief">amicus briefs</a> in their defense.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2024, Mann was awarded over $1 million from Steyn and Simberg. He intends to appeal a 2021 ruling saying that the CEI and <i>National Review</i> could not be held liable.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barack_Obama">Barack Obama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Barack Obama"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_citizenship_conspiracy_theories" title="Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories">Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories</a></div> <p>In June 2008, <i>National Review</i> correspondent <a href="/wiki/Jim_Geraghty" title="Jim Geraghty">Jim Geraghty</a> published an article encouraging <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> to release his birth certificate in order to debunk false rumors circulating on conservative forums and blogs. Geraghty's column may have brought these conspiracy theories about Obama to mainstream attention.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Karen_Tumulty" title="Karen Tumulty">Karen Tumulty</a> wrote in <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)"><i>Time</i></a> that Geraghty's article "became fodder for cable television."<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Obama released his birth certificate a few days after Geraghty's column, and Geraghty wrote that there was "no reason" to doubt its authenticity.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a July 2009 column, the <i>National Review</i> editorial board called conspiracies about Obama's citizenship "untrue."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One <i>National Review</i> article suggested Obama's parents could be <a href="/wiki/Communism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Communism in the United States">communists</a> because "for a white woman to marry a black man in 1958, or '60, there was almost inevitably a connection to explicit Communist politics".<sup id="cite_ref-rperlstein_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rperlstein-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ann_Coulter_9/11_column"><span id="Ann_Coulter_9.2F11_column"></span>Ann Coulter 9/11 column</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Ann Coulter 9/11 column"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two days after the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>, <i>National Review</i> published a column by <a href="/wiki/Ann_Coulter" title="Ann Coulter">Ann Coulter</a> in which she wrote of Muslims, "This is no time to be precious about locating the exact individuals directly involved in this particular terrorist attack. We should invade their countries, kill their leaders and convert them to Christianity. We weren't punctilious about locating and punishing only Hitler and his top officers. We carpet-bombed German cities; we killed civilians. That's war. And this is war."<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>National Review</i> later called the column a "mistake" and fired Coulter as a contributing editor.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jeffrey_Epstein">Jeffrey Epstein</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Jeffrey Epstein"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2019, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> reported that <i>National Review</i> was one of three news outlets (along with <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a></i>) that had published stories written by <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Epstein" title="Jeffrey Epstein">Jeffrey Epstein</a>'s publicists.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>National Review</i> article was written by Christina Galbraith, Epstein's publicist at the time the article was published in 2013. The <i>National Review</i> bio for Galbraith described her as a science writer. <i>National Review</i> retracted the article in July 2019 with apologies and spoke of new methods being used to better filter freelance content.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rashida_Tlaib">Rashida Tlaib</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Rashida Tlaib"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/2024_Lebanon_pager_explosions" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Lebanon pager explosions">2024 Lebanon pager explosions</a>, the <i>National Review</i> published a cartoon of <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">US Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Rashida_Tlaib" title="Rashida Tlaib">Rashida Tlaib</a> with an exploding pager.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was condemned by Tlaib as <a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">racist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dearborn,_Michigan" title="Dearborn, Michigan">Dearborn</a> mayor <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Hammoud" title="Abdullah Hammoud">Abdullah Hammoud</a> called the cartoon "<a href="/wiki/Anti-Arab_racism" title="Anti-Arab racism">anti-Arab bigotry</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_oppose_the_Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Republicans who oppose the Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">List of Republicans who oppose the Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/behold-a-new-magazine/">"Behold! A New Magazine"</a>. <i>National Review</i>. August 20, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240616020043/https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/behold-a-new-magazine/">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=Behold%21+A+New+Magazine&rft.date=2023-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalreview.com%2Fcorner%2Fbehold-a-new-magazine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/444340/national-review-welcomes-garrett-bewkes-publisher">"Garrett Bewkes"</a>. <i>National Review</i>. January 27, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefactual.com/blog/is-the-national-review-reliable/">the original</a> on April 29, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Factual&rft.atitle=Is+the+National+Review+Reliable%3F&rft.date=2022-09-19&rft.aulast=Meylan&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefactual.com%2Fblog%2Fis-the-national-review-reliable%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rperlstein-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rperlstein_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rperlstein_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rperlstein_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rperlstein_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rperlstein_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rperlstein_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rperlstein_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerlstein2017" class="citation news cs1">Perlstein, Rick (April 11, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/11/magazine/i-thought-i-understood-the-american-right-trump-proved-me-wrong.html?_r=4">"I thought I understood the American Right"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221226163822/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/11/magazine/i-thought-i-understood-the-american-right-trump-proved-me-wrong.html?_r=4">Archived</a> from the original on December 26, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=I+thought+I+understood+the+American+Right&rft.date=2017-04-11&rft.aulast=Perlstein&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F04%2F11%2Fmagazine%2Fi-thought-i-understood-the-american-right-trump-proved-me-wrong.html%3F_r%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByers2016" class="citation web cs1">Byers, Dylan (January 21, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2016/01/21/politics/national-review-magazine-opposes-donald-trump/index.html">"National Review, conservative thinkers stand against Donald Trump"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240616015938/https://www.cnn.com/2016/01/21/politics/national-review-magazine-opposes-donald-trump/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=National+Review%2C+conservative+thinkers+stand+against+Donald+Trump&rft.date=2016-01-21&rft.aulast=Byers&rft.aufirst=Dylan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2016%2F01%2F21%2Fpolitics%2Fnational-review-magazine-opposes-donald-trump%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brooksd-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brooksd_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooks2017" class="citation news cs1">Brooks, David (September 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/25/opinion/brooks-the-conservative-mind.html">"The Conservative Mind"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240616015939/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/25/opinion/brooks-the-conservative-mind.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Conservative+Mind&rft.date=2017-09-24&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F09%2F25%2Fopinion%2Fbrooks-the-conservative-mind.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENash2006186–193-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENash2006186–193_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENash2006186–193_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNash2006">Nash 2006</a>, pp. 186–193.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006186–188-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006186–188_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006186–188_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrohnenBeerNelson2006">Frohnen, Beer & Nelson 2006</a>, pp. 186–188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBogus2011206-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBogus2011206_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBogus2011">Bogus 2011</a>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2003" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Gregory L., ed. 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October 27, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=YjQ4Nzc2OTVjMWE1MzVkNWM5ZGYxZDUxNjY5YTFhYzU=">the original</a> on May 4, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Review+Online&rft.atitle=Golden+Days&rft.date=2005-10-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticle.nationalreview.com%2F%3Fq%3DYjQ4Nzc2OTVjMWE1MzVkNWM5ZGYxZDUxNjY5YTFhYzU%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006601–604-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrohnenBeerNelson2006601–604_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrohnenBeerNelson2006">Frohnen, Beer & Nelson 2006</a>, pp. 601–604.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapman2010" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Chapman, Roger (2010). 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Sharpe. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-1761-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-1761-3"><bdi>978-0-7656-1761-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/176996812">176996812</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Buckley%2C+William+F.%2C+Jr&rft.btitle=Culture+wars%3A+An+encyclopedia+of+issues%2C+viewpoints%2C+and+voices&rft.place=Armonk%2C+New+York&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=M.+E.+Sharpe&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F176996812&rft.isbn=978-0-7656-1761-3&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvRY27FkGJAUC%26pg%3DPA58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061019044636/http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=ZDc3ZDExYWU5MjBiMDJiN2Q2YWM4Y2U4MWYyYTY1NzI=">"A Personal Retrospective"</a>. <i>National Review Online</i>. August 9, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=ZDc3ZDExYWU5MjBiMDJiN2Q2YWM4Y2U4MWYyYTY1NzI=">the original</a> on October 19, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Review+Online&rft.atitle=A+Personal+Retrospective&rft.date=2004-08-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticle.nationalreview.com%2F%3Fq%3DZDc3ZDExYWU5MjBiMDJiN2Q2YWM4Y2U4MWYyYTY1NzI%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuckley1957" class="citation news cs1">Buckley, William F. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2017</span> – via adamgomez.files.wordpress.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=Why+the+South+Must+Prevail&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E148-%3C%2Fspan%3E149&rft.date=1957-08-24&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=William+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadamgomez.files.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F03%2Fwhythesouthmustprevail-1957.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quoted in <a href="#CITEREFJudis1988">Judis 1988</a>, p. 138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalman2010" class="citation book cs1">Kalman, Laura (2010). <i>Right Star Rising: A New Politics, 1974–1980</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Commentary&rft.atitle=Goldwater%2C+the+John+Birch+Society%2C+and+Me&rft.au=William+F.+Buckley+Jr.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.commentarymagazine.com%2Fviewarticle.cfm%2FGoldwater--the-John-Birch-Society--and-Me-11248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20001025070707/https://www.nationalreview.com/12feb96/drug.html">"The War on Drugs is Lost"</a>. <i>National Review</i>. February 12, 1996. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalreview.com/12feb96/drug.html">the original</a> on October 25, 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=The+War+on+Drugs+is+Lost&rft.date=1996-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalreview.com%2F12feb96%2Fdrug.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Washington_Times;_October_25,_1985-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Washington_Times;_October_25,_1985_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArchibald1985" class="citation news cs1">Archibald, George (October 25, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170123065429/https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP90-00965R000100200005-7.pdf">"Jury begged not to let Buckley 'punish and destroy' Spotlight"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Washington Times</i>. Washington, D.C. p. 3-A. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP90-00965R000100200005-7.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on January 23, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Times&rft.atitle=Jury+begged+not+to+let+Buckley+%27punish+and+destroy%27+Spotlight&rft.pages=3-A&rft.date=1985-10-25&rft.aulast=Archibald&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Freadingroom%2Fdocs%2FCIA-RDP90-00965R000100200005-7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">see <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanson2015" class="citation web cs1">Hanson, Victor Davis (December 1, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalreview.com/article/418697/home-intellectual-populism-could-use-your-help-victor-davis-hanson">"The Home of Intellectual Populism Could Use Your Help"</a>. <i>National Review</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=The+Home+of+Intellectual+Populism+Could+Use+Your+Help&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Victor+Davis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalreview.com%2Farticle%2F418697%2Fhome-intellectual-populism-could-use-your-help-victor-davis-hanson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TitanicReshufflingDeckChairsNRCruise-NewRepublic-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TitanicReshufflingDeckChairsNRCruise-NewRepublic_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TitanicReshufflingDeckChairsNRCruise-NewRepublic_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHari2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Hari, Johann (July 2, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newrepublic.com/article/64804/titanic">"Titanic: Reshuffling the deck chairs on the 'National Review' cruise"</a>. <i>The New Republic</i>. Vol. 237, no. 1. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-6583">0028-6583</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Republic&rft.atitle=Titanic%3A+Reshuffling+the+deck+chairs+on+the+%27National+Review%27+cruise&rft.volume=237&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=31&rft.date=2007-07-02&rft.issn=0028-6583&rft.aulast=Hari&rft.aufirst=Johann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewrepublic.com%2Farticle%2F64804%2Ftitanic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalreview.com/2016/01/donald-trump-conservative-movement-menace/">"Against Trump"</a>. <i>National Review</i>. January 21, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240616015939/https://www.nationalreview.com/2016/01/donald-trump-conservative-movement-menace/">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=Born+in+the+U.S.A.+-+National+Review&rft.date=2009-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalreview.com%2F2009%2F07%2Fborn-usa-editors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/208566/the-new-hate-by-arthur-goldwag/9780307742513/"><i>The New Hate by Arthur Goldwag</i></a>. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180523095843/https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/208566/the-new-hate-by-arthur-goldwag/9780307742513/">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Hate+by+Arthur+Goldwag&rft.pages=5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.penguinrandomhouse.com%2Fbooks%2F208566%2Fthe-new-hate-by-arthur-goldwag%2F9780307742513%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/292798/weapons-of-mass-deception-by-sheldon-rampton/9781585422760">"Weapons of Mass Deception by Sheldon Rampton, John Stauber"</a>. Penguin Random House. pp. <span class="nowrap">145–</span>146. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240820012551/https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/292798/weapons-of-mass-deception-by-sheldon-rampton/9781585422760/">Archived</a> from the original on August 20, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weapons+of+Mass+Deception+by+Sheldon+Rampton%2C+John+Stauber&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E145-%3C%2Fspan%3E146&rft.pub=Penguin+Random+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.penguinrandomhouse.com%2Fbooks%2F292798%2Fweapons-of-mass-deception-by-sheldon-rampton%2F9781585422760&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurtz2001" class="citation news cs1">Kurtz, Howard (October 2, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2001/10/02/national-review-cans-columnist-ann-coulter/4128f3be-7a64-47e9-a350-eb801757d376/">"National Review Cans Columnist Ann Coulter"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190109155518/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2001/10/02/national-review-cans-columnist-ann-coulter/4128f3be-7a64-47e9-a350-eb801757d376/">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=National+Review+Cans+Columnist+Ann+Coulter&rft.date=2001-10-02&rft.aulast=Kurtz&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F2001%2F10%2F02%2Fnational-review-cans-columnist-ann-coulter%2F4128f3be-7a64-47e9-a350-eb801757d376%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHsu2019" class="citation news cs1">Hsu, Tiffany (July 21, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/21/business/media/jeffrey-epstein-media.html">"Jeffrey Epstein Pitched a New Narrative. These Sites Published It"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191213104224/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/21/business/media/jeffrey-epstein-media.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jeffrey+Epstein+Pitched+a+New+Narrative.+These+Sites+Published+It.&rft.date=2019-07-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Hsu&rft.aufirst=Tiffany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F07%2F21%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fjeffrey-epstein-media.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh" class="citation news cs1">Singh, Kanishka. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-lawmaker-rashida-tlaib-condemns-cartoon-showing-her-with-exploding-pager-2024-09-21/">"US lawmaker Rashida Tlaib condemns cartoon showing her with exploding pager"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=US+lawmaker+Rashida+Tlaib+condemns+cartoon+showing+her+with+exploding+pager&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Kanishka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fus%2Fus-lawmaker-rashida-tlaib-condemns-cartoon-showing-her-with-exploding-pager-2024-09-21%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYang2024" class="citation web cs1">Yang, Maya (September 20, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/sep/20/rashida-tlaib-cartoon-pager">"Rashida Tlaib condemns cartoonist for racist image of her with exploding pager"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Rashida+Tlaib+condemns+cartoonist+for+racist+image+of+her+with+exploding+pager&rft.date=2024-09-20&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Maya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2024%2Fsep%2F20%2Frashida-tlaib-cartoon-pager&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/21/us-lawmaker-rashida-tlaib-slams-racist-image-of-her-with-exploding-pager">"US lawmaker Rashida Tlaib slams racist image of her with exploding pager"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. September 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=US+lawmaker+Rashida+Tlaib+slams+racist+image+of+her+with+exploding+pager&rft.date=2024-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F9%2F21%2Fus-lawmaker-rashida-tlaib-slams-racist-image-of-her-with-exploding-pager&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.com.pk/story/2497664/rashida-tlaib-condemns-racist-and-islamophobic-cartoon-depicting-her-with-exploding-pager">"Rashida Talib condemns racist cartoon depicting her with exploding pager"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Express_Tribune" title="The Express Tribune">The Express Tribune</a></i>. September 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Rashida+Talib+condemns+racist+cartoon+depicting+her+with+exploding+pager&rft.date=2024-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F2497664%2Frashida-tlaib-condemns-racist-and-islamophobic-cartoon-depicting-her-with-exploding-pager&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBogus2011" class="citation book cs1">Bogus, Carl T. (2011). <i>Buckley: William F. Buckley Jr. and the Rise of American Conservatism</i>. New York: Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1596915800" title="Special:BookSources/978-1596915800"><bdi>978-1596915800</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/707329314">707329314</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buckley%3A+William+F.+Buckley+Jr.+and+the+Rise+of+American+Conservatism&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F707329314&rft.isbn=978-1596915800&rft.aulast=Bogus&rft.aufirst=Carl+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrohnenBeerNelson2006" class="citation book cs1">Frohnen, Bruce; Beer, Jeremy; Nelson, Jeffrey O., eds. (2006). <i>American Conservatism: An Encyclopedia</i>. Wilmington, DE: ISI Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-932236-44-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-932236-44-9"><bdi>1-932236-44-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/64690866">64690866</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Conservatism%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Wilmington%2C+DE&rft.pub=ISI+Books&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F64690866&rft.isbn=1-932236-44-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJudis1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Judis" title="John Judis">Judis, John B.</a> (1988). <i>William F. Buckley, Jr.: Patron Saint of the Conservatives</i>. New York: Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-1797-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-1797-2"><bdi>978-0-7432-1797-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+F.+Buckley%2C+Jr.%3A+Patron+Saint+of+the+Conservatives&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-7432-1797-2&rft.aulast=Judis&rft.aufirst=John+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNash2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_H._Nash" title="George H. Nash">Nash, George</a> (2006) [1978]. <i>The Conservative Intellectual Movement in America Since 1945</i> (30th anniversary ed.). Wilmington, DE: ISI Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1933859121" title="Special:BookSources/1933859121"><bdi>1933859121</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/124536175">124536175</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Conservative+Intellectual+Movement+in+America+Since+1945&rft.place=Wilmington%2C+DE&rft.edition=30th+anniversary&rft.pub=ISI+Books&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F124536175&rft.isbn=1933859121&rft.aulast=Nash&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmant2002" class="citation book cs1">Smant, Kevin J. (2002). <i>Principles and Heresies: Frank S. Meyer and the Shaping of the American Conservative Movement</i>. Wilmington, DE: ISI Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1882926722" title="Special:BookSources/1882926722"><bdi>1882926722</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50036266">50036266</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Principles+and+Heresies%3A+Frank+S.+Meyer+and+the+Shaping+of+the+American+Conservative+Movement&rft.place=Wilmington%2C+DE&rft.pub=ISI+Books&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50036266&rft.isbn=1882926722&rft.aulast=Smant&rft.aufirst=Kevin+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllitt2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Allitt" title="Patrick Allitt">Allitt, Patrick</a> (2010). <i>The Conservatives: Ideas and Personalities Throughout American History</i>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300164183" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300164183"><bdi>978-0300164183</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/261342762">261342762</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Conservatives%3A+Ideas+and+Personalities+Throughout+American+History&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F261342762&rft.isbn=978-0300164183&rft.aulast=Allitt&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBayley1981" class="citation book cs1">Bayley, Edwin R. (1981). <i>Joe McCarthy and the Press</i>. University of Wisconsin Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0299086208" title="Special:BookSources/0299086208"><bdi>0299086208</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7555013">7555013</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joe+McCarthy+and+the+Press&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Press&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7555013&rft.isbn=0299086208&rft.aulast=Bayley&rft.aufirst=Edwin+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirzer2015" class="citation book cs1">Birzer, Bradley J. (2015). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/russellkirkameri0000birz"><i>Russell Kirk: American Conservative</i></a></span>. University Press of Kentucky. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0813166186" title="Special:BookSources/978-0813166186"><bdi>978-0813166186</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/908071888">908071888</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russell+Kirk%3A+American+Conservative&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F908071888&rft.isbn=978-0813166186&rft.aulast=Birzer&rft.aufirst=Bradley+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frussellkirkameri0000birz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBridgesCoyne2007" class="citation book cs1">Bridges, Linda; Coyne, John R. Jr. (2007). <i>Strictly Right: William F. Buckley Jr. and the American Conservative Movement</i>. John Wiley and Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0471758174" title="Special:BookSources/978-0471758174"><bdi>978-0471758174</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/71275596">71275596</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strictly+Right%3A+William+F.+Buckley+Jr.+and+the+American+Conservative+Movement&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F71275596&rft.isbn=978-0471758174&rft.aulast=Bridges&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.au=Coyne%2C+John+R.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCritchlow2007" class="citation book cs1">Critchlow, Donald T. (2007). <i>The Conservative Ascendancy: How the Right Made Political History</i>. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674026209" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674026209"><bdi>978-0674026209</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/148723846">148723846</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Conservative+Ascendancy%3A+How+the+Right+Made+Political+History&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F148723846&rft.isbn=978-0674026209&rft.aulast=Critchlow&rft.aufirst=Donald+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDel_Visco2019" class="citation journal cs1">Del Visco, Stephen (2019). "Yellow peril, red scare: race and communism in National Review". <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_and_Racial_Studies" title="Ethnic and Racial Studies">Ethnic and Racial Studies</a></i>. <b>42</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">626–</span>644. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01419870.2017.1409900">10.1080/01419870.2017.1409900</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ethnic+and+Racial+Studies&rft.atitle=Yellow+peril%2C+red+scare%3A+race+and+communism+in+National+Review&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E626-%3C%2Fspan%3E644&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01419870.2017.1409900&rft.aulast=Del+Visco&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrisk2011" class="citation book cs1">Frisk, David B. (2011). <i>If Not Us, Who?: William Rusher, National Review, and the Conservative Movement</i>. Wilmington, DE: ISI Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1935191452" title="Special:BookSources/978-1935191452"><bdi>978-1935191452</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1018161914">1018161914</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=If+Not+Us%2C+Who%3F%3A+William+Rusher%2C+National+Review%2C+and+the+Conservative+Movement&rft.place=Wilmington%2C+DE&rft.pub=ISI+Books&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1018161914&rft.isbn=978-1935191452&rft.aulast=Frisk&rft.aufirst=David+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hart" title="Jeffrey Hart">Hart, Jeffrey</a> (2005). <i>The Making of the American Conservative Mind: The National Review and Its Times</i>. Wilmington, DE: ISI Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1932236813" title="Special:BookSources/1932236813"><bdi>1932236813</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62875113">62875113</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+the+American+Conservative+Mind%3A+The+National+Review+and+Its+Times&rft.place=Wilmington%2C+DE&rft.pub=ISI+Books&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62875113&rft.isbn=1932236813&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span> – a view from the inside</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHemmer2016" class="citation book cs1">Hemmer, Nicole (2016). <i>Messengers of the Right: Conservative Media and the Transformation of American Politics</i>. University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0812248395" title="Special:BookSources/978-0812248395"><bdi>978-0812248395</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/945028632">945028632</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Messengers+of+the+Right%3A+Conservative+Media+and+the+Transformation+of+American+Politics&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F945028632&rft.isbn=978-0812248395&rft.aulast=Hemmer&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnston2021" class="citation journal cs1">Johnston, Savannah Eccles (2021). "The Rise of Illiberal Conservatism: Immigration and Nationhood at National Review". <i>American Political Thought</i>. <b>10</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">190–</span>216. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F713668">10.1086/713668</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Political+Thought&rft.atitle=The+Rise+of+Illiberal+Conservatism%3A+Immigration+and+Nationhood+at+National+Review&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E190-%3C%2Fspan%3E216&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F713668&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Savannah+Eccles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNemeth2020" class="citation journal cs1">Nemeth, Julian (2020). "The Passion of William F. Buckley: Academic Freedom, Conspiratorial Conservatism, and the Rise of the Postwar Right". <i>Journal of American Studies</i>. <b>54</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">323–</span>350. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0021875818001469">10.1017/S0021875818001469</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+American+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Passion+of+William+F.+Buckley%3A+Academic+Freedom%2C+Conspiratorial+Conservatism%2C+and+the+Rise+of+the+Postwar+Right&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E323-%3C%2Fspan%3E350&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0021875818001469&rft.aulast=Nemeth&rft.aufirst=Julian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOwen2021" class="citation book cs1">Owen, Christopher H. (2021). <i>Heaven Can Indeed Fall: The Life of Willmoore Kendall</i>. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1793624444" title="Special:BookSources/978-1793624444"><bdi>978-1793624444</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1258659722">1258659722</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heaven+Can+Indeed+Fall%3A+The+Life+of+Willmoore+Kendall&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1258659722&rft.isbn=978-1793624444&rft.aulast=Owen&rft.aufirst=Christopher+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2009" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Gregory (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/conservativecent0000schn"><i>The Conservative Century: From Reaction to Revolution</i></a></span>. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0742542846" title="Special:BookSources/978-0742542846"><bdi>978-0742542846</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/232002119">232002119</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Conservative+Century%3A+From+Reaction+to+Revolution&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F232002119&rft.isbn=978-0742542846&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconservativecent0000schn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2020" class="citation journal cs1">Walsh, David Austin (2020). "The Right-Wing Popular Front: The Far Right and American Conservatism in the 1950s". <i>Journal of American History</i>. <b>107</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">411–</span>432. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjahist%2Fjaaa182">10.1093/jahist/jaaa182</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+American+History&rft.atitle=The+Right-Wing+Popular+Front%3A+The+Far+Right+and+American+Conservatism+in+the+1950s&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E411-%3C%2Fspan%3E432&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjahist%2Fjaaa182&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=David+Austin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Review" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalreview.com">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1699649#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/133649537">"National Review Institute"</a>. 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