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Sērkociņš — Vikipēdija

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<div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Meklēt Vikipēdijā" aria-label="Meklēt Vikipēdijā" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Meklēt Vikipēdijā [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Meklēt</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Izskats" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Izskats</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=lv" class=""><span>Ziedojumi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti." class=""><span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dalībnieka rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dalībnieka izvēlne" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=lv"><span>Ziedojumi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Lapas redaktoriem, kuri nav pieslēgušies <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Ievads" aria-label="Uzzini vairāk par rediģēšanu"><span>uzzināt vairāk</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="Labojumi, kas veikti no šīs IP adreses [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Devums</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Diskusija par labojumiem, kas izdarīti no šīs IP adreses [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusijas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Saturs" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Saturs</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sērkociņu_vēsture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sērkociņu_vēsture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sērkociņu vēsture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sērkociņu_vēsture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Pārslēgt Sērkociņu vēsture apakšsadaļu</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sērkociņu_vēsture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Latvijā" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latvijā"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Latvijā</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latvijā-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sastāvs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sastāvs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sastāvs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sastāvs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atsauces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atsauces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Atsauces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atsauces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skatīt_arī" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skatīt_arī"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Skatīt arī</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skatīt_arī-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sērkociņš</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 106 valodās" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-106" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">106 valodas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuurhoutjie" title="Vuurhoutjie – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vuurhoutjie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misto" title="Misto – aragoniešu" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Misto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="عود ثقاب – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عود ثقاب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="জুইশলা – asamiešu" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জুইশলা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibrit" title="Kibrit – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kibrit" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colok" title="Colok – baliešu" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Colok" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="baliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zindh%C3%A4izl" title="Zindhäizl – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Zindhäizl" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sier%C4%8Dioks" title="Sierčioks – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sierčioks" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Запалка – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Запалка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Запалка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Запалка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Кибрит – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кибрит" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A0%E0%A5%80" title="अंगारकाठी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अंगारकाठी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="দিয়াশলাই – bengāļu" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দিয়াশলাই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ibice" title="Šibice – bosniešu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Šibice" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misto" title="Misto – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Misto" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%AA%CC%A4%E1%B9%B3-l%C3%A0i-hu%C5%8Di" title="Cê̤ṳ-lài-huōi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cê̤ṳ-lài-huōi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulminente" title="Fulminente – korsikāņu" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Fulminente" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1palka" title="Zápalka – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zápalka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%C4%83%D1%80%D0%BF%C4%83%D0%BA" title="Шăрпăк – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шăрпăк" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A6ndstik" title="Tændstik – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tændstik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streichholz" title="Streichholz – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Streichholz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%AF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Σπίρτο – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σπίρτο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulmin%C3%A0nt" title="Fulminànt – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Fulminànt" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Match" title="Match – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Match" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alumeto" title="Alumeto – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alumeto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3sforo_(utensilio)" title="Fósforo (utensilio) – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fósforo (utensilio)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuletikk" title="Tuletikk – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tuletikk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pospolo" title="Pospolo – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pospolo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="کبریت – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کبریت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulitikku" title="Tulitikku – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tulitikku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allumette" title="Allumette – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Allumette" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misto" title="Misto – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Misto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashana" title="Ashana – hausu" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ashana" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8" title="גפרור – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גפרור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8" title="माचिस – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="माचिस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDigica" title="Žigica – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Žigica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alim%C3%A8t" title="Alimèt – haitiešu" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Alimèt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vērtīgs raksts"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyufa" title="Gyufa – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gyufa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%81%D5%AF%D5%AB" title="Լուցկի – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուցկի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korek_api" title="Korek api – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Korek api" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alumeto" title="Alumeto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Alumeto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eldsp%C3%BDta" title="Eldspýta – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Eldspýta" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiammifero" title="Fiammifero – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fiammifero" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%83%81" title="マッチ – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マッチ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8k" title="Rèk – javiešu" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Rèk" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ასანთი – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ასანთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasitan" title="Kasitan – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Kasitan" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%80%D1%96%D2%A3%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Сіріңке – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сіріңке" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF" title="ಬೆಂಕಿಕಡ್ಡಿ – kannadu" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬೆಂಕಿಕಡ್ಡಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EB%83%A5" title="성냥 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="성냥" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Ширеңке – kirgīzu" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ширеңке" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulphuratum" title="Sulphuratum – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sulphuratum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixspoun" title="Fixspoun – luksemburgiešu" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Fixspoun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburgiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zjwaegel" title="Zjwaegel – limburgiešu" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zjwaegel" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alim%C9%9B%CC%81ti" title="Alimɛ́ti – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Alimɛ́ti" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degtukas" title="Degtukas – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Degtukas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Сардоня – mokšu" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Сардоня" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokšu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancis" title="Mancis – malajiešu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palo_de_cerilha" title="Palo de cerilha – mirandiešu" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Palo de cerilha" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appecciari%C3%A9gle" title="Appecciariégle – neapoliešu" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Appecciariégle" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="neapoliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rietsticken" title="Rietsticken – lejasvācu" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rietsticken" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lejasvācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striekzwevel" title="Striekzwevel – lejassakšu" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Striekzwevel" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lejassakšu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucifer_(voorwerp)" title="Lucifer (voorwerp) – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lucifer (voorwerp)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrstikk" title="Fyrstikk – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fyrstikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrstikk" title="Fyrstikk – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fyrstikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo – pangasinanu" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Fosforo" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapa%C5%82ka" title="Zapałka – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zapałka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%B3" title="ماچس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ماچس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palito_de_f%C3%B3sforo" title="Palito de fósforo – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Palito de fósforo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninachaq" title="Ninachaq – kečvu" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ninachaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečvu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chibrit" title="Chibrit – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chibrit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Спичка – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Спичка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminu" title="Luminu – sardīniešu" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Luminu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirinu" title="Cirinu – sicīliešu" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cirinu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicīliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A" title="ماچيس جي تيلي – sindhu" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ماچيس جي تيلي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ibice" title="Šibice – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Šibice" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BB" title="ගිනිකූර – singāļu" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ගිනිකූර" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Match" title="Match – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Match" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1palka_(pali%C4%8Dka)" title="Zápalka (palička) – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zápalka (palička)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C5%BEigalica" title="Vžigalica – slovēņu" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vžigalica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabriid" title="Kabriid – somāļu" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kabriid" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkrep%C3%ABsja" title="Shkrepësja – albāņu" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkrepësja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Шибица – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шибица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%A9k_api" title="Korék api – zundu" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Korék api" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="zundu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4ndsticka" title="Tändsticka – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tändsticka" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibiriti" title="Kibiriti – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kibiriti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztrahecle" title="Sztrahecle – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Sztrahecle" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="தீக்குச்சி – tamilu" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தீக்குச்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2" title="అగ్గిపుల్ల – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అగ్గిపుల్ల" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%AF%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Гӯгирд – tadžiku" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гӯгирд" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F" title="ไม้ขีดไฟ – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไม้ขีดไฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibrit" title="Kibrit – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kibrit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BF%D1%8B" title="Шырпы – tatāru" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Шырпы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Сірники – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сірники" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="دیا سلائی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دیا سلائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gugurt" title="Gugurt – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gugurt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%AAm" title="Diêm – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Diêm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfer_(lucifer)" title="Sulfer (lucifer) – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Sulfer (lucifer)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloumete" title="Aloumete – valoņu" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Aloumete" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valoņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puspuro" title="Puspuro – varaju" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Puspuro" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%9D%A5%E7%81%AB" title="自来火 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="自来火" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%A9%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98" title="ჩხაჩხი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჩხაჩხი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%9F%B4" title="火柴 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="火柴" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%9F%B4" title="火柴 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="火柴" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoan-%C3%A1-ho%C3%A9" title="Hoan-á-hoé – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hoan-á-hoé" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%9F%B4" title="火柴 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="火柴" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q37507#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Labot starpvalodu saites" class="wbc-editpage">Labot saites</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vārdtelpas"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1" title="Apskatīt rakstu [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Raksts</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1"><span>Izveidot grāmatu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Lejupielādēt kā PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;printable=yes" title="Drukājama lapas versija [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukājama versija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Citos projektos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Match" hreflang="en"><span>Vikikrātuve</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q37507" title="Saistītais Vikidatu ieraksts [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ieraksts Vikidatos</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lapas rīki"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izskats</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipēdijas lapa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Matches.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Matches.jpg/235px-Matches.jpg" decoding="async" width="235" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Matches.jpg/353px-Matches.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Matches.jpg/470px-Matches.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a><figcaption>Sērkociņi, no kuriem viens jau ir izdedzis</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Sērkociņš</b> ir stienītis, kas izgatavots no viegli degoša materiāla (parasti <a href="/wiki/Koks" title="Koks">koka</a>) un kura vienā galā ir īpaši viegli uzliesmojoša galviņa, kas kalpo <a href="/wiki/Uguns" title="Uguns">uguns</a> iegūšanai. Sērkociņus parasti izgatavo no <a href="/wiki/Parast%C4%81_apse" title="Parastā apse">apses</a> koka. <a href="/wiki/Uguns_ieg%C5%AB%C5%A1ana" title="Uguns iegūšana">Uguni iegūst</a>, sērkociņa galviņu strauji velkot gar sērkociņu kastītes nelīdzeno (brūngano) malu (zēveli). Eksistē arī tādi sērkociņi, kurus var paberzēt pret pilnīgi jebkuru virsmu, un tie aizdegsies. </p><p>Tiek ražoti arī lielāku izmēru sērkociņi, kas domāti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kam%C4%ABns&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamīns (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">kamīnu</a> iekuršanai. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sērkociņu_vēsture"><span id="S.C4.93rkoci.C5.86u_v.C4.93sture"></span>Sērkociņu vēsture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Sērkociņu vēsture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Sērkociņu vēsture"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pirmie sērkociņi radās 1820. gadā. Parīzē sērkociņi tika ražoti 1816. gadā, tātad tur tika ātrāk ražoti. Pirmo komerciālo sērkociņu ražošanu Anglijā organizēja Džons Volkers 1826. gadā. Šos sērkociņus varēja aizdedzināt paberzējot pret jebkuru virsmu, taču tas izraisīja biežu sērkociņu aizdegšanos pat kastītē. Pirmais solis sērkociņu padarīšanai par drošiem bija Gustava Paša (<i>Gustay E. Pasch</i>) 1844. gada <a href="/wiki/Izgudrojums" title="Izgudrojums">izgudrojums</a>. Viņš sarkano fosforu no sērkociņa galviņām pārvietoja uz kastītes sānu virsmu. 1855. gadā zviedrs Karls Francs Lundstroms patentēja noteiktus sērkociņu galviņu un beržamo virsmu sastāvus, kā arī izveidoja "drošu" sērkociņu ražotni. Šis jaunievedums bija tik veiksmīgs, ka tiek izmantots vēl joprojām ar ļoti maznozīmīgām izmaiņām. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latvijā"><span id="Latvij.C4.81"></span>Latvijā</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Latvijā" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Latvijā"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1878. gadā <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luijs_Hir%C5%A1mans&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Luijs Hiršmans (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Luijs Hiršmans</a> nodibināja pirmo <a href="/wiki/Latvija" title="Latvija">Latvijā</a> sērkociņu ražošanas uzņēmumu (<a href="/wiki/Fabrika" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabrika">fabriku</a>) <a href="/wiki/Kuld%C4%ABga" title="Kuldīga">Kuldīgā</a>, kas bija viens no pirmajiem šai nozarē visā <a href="/wiki/Krievijas_Imp%C4%93rija" title="Krievijas Impērija">Krievijas Impērijā</a>. Hiršmanam piederēja arī sērkociņu automāta un oriģinālās sērkociņu <a href="/wiki/Kaste" title="Kaste">kastītes</a> <a href="/wiki/Patents" title="Patents">patenti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sastāvs"><span id="Sast.C4.81vs"></span>Sastāvs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Sastāvs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Sastāvs"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <table> <caption><b>Sērkociņu kastītes abrazīvās virsmas sastāvs</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td>P (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkanais_fosfors&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarkanais fosfors (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">sarkanais fosfors</a>)</td> <td>30,8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sb<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Antimona_sulf%C4%ABds&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Antimona sulfīds (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">antimona sulfīds</a>)</td> <td>41,8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Svina_m%C4%ABnijs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Svina mīnijs (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">svina mīnijs</a>)</td> <td>12,8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>CaCO<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Kr%C4%ABts" title="Krīts">krīts</a>)</td> <td><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2,6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>ZnO (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinka_oks%C4%ABds&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinka oksīds (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">cinka oksīds</a>)</td> <td><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stikls" title="Stikls">stikls</a></td> <td><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>3,8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/L%C4%ABme" title="Līme">līme</a></td> <td><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>6,7% </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table> <caption><b>Sērkociņu galviņu sastāvs</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td>KClO<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Bertol%C4%93_s%C4%81ls" class="mw-redirect" title="Bertolē sāls">Bertolē sāls</a>)</td> <td>46,5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>malts stikls</td> <td>17,2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Svina_m%C4%ABnijs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Svina mīnijs (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">svina mīnijs</a>)</td> <td>15,3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>kaulu līme</td> <td>11,5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>S (<a href="/wiki/S%C4%93rs" title="Sērs">sērs</a>)</td> <td><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>4,2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>ZnO (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinka_oks%C4%ABds&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinka oksīds (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">cinka oksīds</a>)</td> <td><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>3,8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>K<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (<a href="/wiki/K%C4%81lija_dihrom%C4%81ts" title="Kālija dihromāts">kālija dihromāts</a>)</td> <td><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,5% </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atsauces">Atsauces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Atsauces"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Edmunds Krastiņš. <i>Latvijas rūpniecība XIX-XXI gadsimtā</i>. Jumava, 2018. 35.&#160;lpp. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789934202292" title="Special:BookSources/9789934202292">9789934202292</a>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skatīt_arī"><span id="Skat.C4.ABt_ar.C4.AB"></span>Skatīt arī</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Labot sadaļu: Skatīt arī" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%93rkoci%C5%86%C5%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Skatīt arī"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata mbox-small plainlinks" style="border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami multivides faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Matches" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Matches">Sērkociņš</a></b></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L%C4%81pa" title="Lāpa">Lāpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0%C4%B7iltavas" title="Šķiltavas">Šķiltavas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uguns_ieg%C5%AB%C5%A1ana" title="Uguns iegūšana">Uguns iegūšana</a></li></ul> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Vista_Login_Manager_Cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Vista_Login_Manager_Cropped.svg/40px-Vista_Login_Manager_Cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Vista_Login_Manager_Cropped.svg/59px-Vista_Login_Manager_Cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Vista_Login_Manager_Cropped.svg/79px-Vista_Login_Manager_Cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="76" /></a></span></td><td><i>Šis ar <a href="/wiki/Sabiedr%C4%ABba" title="Sabiedrība">sabiedrību</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. 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