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Ayten</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Demet Ayten"> <meta name="keywords" content="Demet Ayten"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Demet Ayten"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 26</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Demet Ayten</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Determination and Evaluation of the Need of Land Consolidation for Nationalization Purpose with the Survey Results</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turgut%20Ayten">Turgut Ayten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayfun%20%C3%87ay"> Tayfun Çay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Ayten"> Demet Ayten</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, nationalization method for obtaining land on the destination of Ankara-Konya High Speed Train in Turkey; Land consolidation for nationalization purpose as an alternative solution on obtaining land; a survey prepared for land owners whose lands were nationalized and institution officials who carries out the nationalization and land consolidation was applied, were investigated and the need for land consolidation for nationalization purpose is tried to be put forth. Study area is located in the Konya city- Kadınhanı district-Kolukısa and Sarikaya neighbourhood in Turkey and land consolidation results of the selected field which is on the destination of the high-speed train route were obtained. The data obtained was shared with the landowners in the research area, their choice between the nationalization method and land consolidation for nationalization method was questioned. In addition, the organization and institution officials who are accepted to used primarily by the state for obtaining land that are needed for the investments of state, and institution officials who make land consolidation were investigated on the issues of the efficiency of the methods they used and if they tried different methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nationalization" title="nationalization">nationalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20consolidation" title=" land consolidation"> land consolidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20consolidation%20for%20nationalization" title=" land consolidation for nationalization"> land consolidation for nationalization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27987/determination-and-evaluation-of-the-need-of-land-consolidation-for-nationalization-purpose-with-the-survey-results" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Effects of the Purpose Expropriation of Land Consolidation to Landholding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turgut%20Ayten">Turgut Ayten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayfun%20%C3%87ay"> Tayfun Çay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current expropriation of Turkey, the state acquires necessary lands for its investment without permission of the owners and not searching for alternative solutions, so it is determined that neither processor nor processed is not happy. In this study, interactions of enterprises in Turkey are analysed in case the necessary land for public investments are acquired by expropriation purposed land consolidation. Legal basis, positive and negative sides, financial effects to enterprises of this method is evaluated according to Konya Kadınhanı, Kolukısa avenue which is on the Konya-Ankara High-Speed Train Route. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expropriation" title="expropriation">expropriation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20consolidation" title=" land consolidation"> land consolidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20consolidation%20for%20expropriation%20purpose" title=" land consolidation for expropriation purpose"> land consolidation for expropriation purpose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20rural%20development" title=" sustainable rural development"> sustainable rural development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54656/effects-of-the-purpose-expropriation-of-land-consolidation-to-landholding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">507</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> The Effect of Air Entraining Agents on Compressive Strength</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Yavuz">Demet Yavuz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Freeze-thaw cycles are one of the greatest threats to concrete durability. Lately, protection against this threat excites scientists’ attention. Air-entraining admixtures have been widely used to produce freeze-thaw resistant at concretes. The use of air-entraining agents (AEAs) enhances not only freeze-thaw endurance but also the properties of fresh concrete such as segregation, bleeding and flow ability. This paper examines the effects of air-entraining on compressive strength of concrete. Air-entraining is used between 0.05% and 0.4% by weight of cement. One control and four fiber reinforced concrete mixes are prepared and three specimens are tested for each mix. It is concluded from the test results that when air entraining is increased the compressive strength of concrete reduces for all mixes with AEAs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air-entraining" title=" air-entraining"> air-entraining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61136/the-effect-of-air-entraining-agents-on-compressive-strength" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61136.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Compressive Strength of Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Concretes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Guler">Soner Guler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Yavuz"> Demet Yavuz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fuat%20Korkut"> Fuat Korkut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Synthetic fibers are commonly used in many civil engineering applications because of its some superior characteristics such as non-corrosive and cheapness. This study presents the results of experimental study on compressive strength of synthetic fiber reinforced concretes. Two types of polyamide (PA) synthetic fiber with the length of 12 and 54 mm are used for this study. The fiber volume ratio is kept as 0.25%, 0.75%, and 0.75% in all mixes. The plain concrete compressive strength is 36.2 MPa. The test results clearly show that the increase in compressive strength for synthetic fiber reinforced concretes is significant. The greatest increase in compressive strength is 23% for PA synthetic fiber reinforced concretes with 0.75% fiber volume. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20fibers" title="synthetic fibers">synthetic fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyamide%20fibers" title=" polyamide fibers"> polyamide fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20volume" title=" fiber volume"> fiber volume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53592/compressive-strength-of-synthetic-fiber-reinforced-concretes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">527</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> An Investigation on Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concretes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Guler">Soner Guler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Yavuz"> Demet Yavuz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Refik%20Burak%20Taymu%C5%9F"> Refik Burak Taymuş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fuat%20Korkut"> Fuat Korkut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Because of the easy applying and not costing too much, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) is one of the most used non-destructive techniques to determine concrete characteristics along with impact-echo, Schmidt rebound hammer (SRH) and pulse-echo. This article investigates the relationship between UPV and compressive strength of hybrid fiber reinforced concretes. Water/cement ratio (w/c) was kept at 0.4 for all concrete mixes. Compressive strength of concrete was targeted at 35 MPa. UPV testing and compressive strength tests were carried out at the curing age of 28 days. The UPV of concrete containing steel fibers has been found to be higher than plain concrete for all the testing groups. It is decided that there is not a certain relationship between fiber addition and strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20pulse%20velocity" title="ultrasonic pulse velocity">ultrasonic pulse velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20fiber" title=" hybrid fiber"> hybrid fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber" title=" fiber"> fiber</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61142/an-investigation-on-ultrasonic-pulse-velocity-of-hybrid-fiber-reinforced-concretes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Using Waste Marbles in Self Compacting Lightweight Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Funda%20T%C3%BCrkmeno%C4%9Flu">Z. Funda Türkmenoğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20T%C3%BCrkmenoglu"> Mehmet Türkmenoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Yavuz"> Demet Yavuz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q="> </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effects of waste marbles as aggregate material on workability and hardened concrete characteristics of self compacting lightweight concrete are investigated. For this purpose, self compacting light weight concrete are produced by waste marble aggregates are replaced with fine aggregate at 5%, 7.5%, and 10% ratios. Fresh concrete properties, slump flow, T<sub>50</sub> time, V funnel, compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity of self compacting lightweight concrete are determined. It is concluded from the test results that using waste marbles as aggregate material by replacement with fine aggregate slightly affects fresh and hardened concrete characteristics of self compacting lightweight concretes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardened%20concrete%20characteristics" title="hardened concrete characteristics">hardened concrete characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compacting%20lightweight%20concrete" title=" self compacting lightweight concrete"> self compacting lightweight concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20marble" title=" waste marble"> waste marble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workability" title=" workability"> workability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61141/using-waste-marbles-in-self-compacting-lightweight-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> The Relationships between the Feelings of Bullying, Self- Esteem, Employee Silence, Anger, Self- Blame and Shame</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eebnem%20Aslan">Şebnem Aslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Akar%C3%A7ay"> Demet Akarçay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to investigate the feelings of health employees occurred by bullying and the relationships between these feelings at work place. In this context, the relationships between bullying and the feelings of self-esteem, employee silence, anger, self- blame and shame. This study was conducted among 512 health employees in three hospitals in Konya by using survey method and simple random sampling. The scales of bullying, self-esteem, employee silence, anger, self-blame, and shame were performed within the study. The obtained data were analyzed with descriptive analysis, correlation, confirmative factor analysis, structural equation modeling and path analysis. The results of the study showed that while bullying had a positive effect on self-esteem (.61), employee silence (.41), anger (.18), a negative effect on self-blame and shame (-.26) was observed. Employee silence affected self-blame and shame (.83) as positively. Besides, self-esteem impacted on self- blame and shame (.18), employee silence (.62) positively and self-blame and shame was observed as negatively affecting on anger (-.20). Similarly, self-esteem was found as negatively affected on anger (-.13). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bullying" title="bullying">bullying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-esteem" title=" self-esteem"> self-esteem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20silence" title=" employee silence"> employee silence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anger" title=" anger"> anger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shame%20and%20guilt" title=" shame and guilt"> shame and guilt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20employee" title=" healthcare employee"> healthcare employee</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74237/the-relationships-between-the-feelings-of-bullying-self-esteem-employee-silence-anger-self-blame-and-shame" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Testing the Impact of Landmarks on Navigation through the Use of Mobile-Based Games</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Yesiltepe">Demet Yesiltepe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruth%20Dalton"> Ruth Dalton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayse%20Ozbil"> Ayse Ozbil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to understand the effect of landmarks on spatial navigation. For this study, a mobile-based virtual game, 'Sea Hero Quest' (SHQ), was used. At the beginning of the game, participants were asked to look at maps which included the specific locations of players and checkpoints. After the map disappeared, participants were asked to navigate a boat and find the checkpoints in a pre-given order. By analyzing this data, we aim to better understand an important component of cities, namely landmarks, on spatial navigation. Game levels were analyzed spatially and axial-based integration, choice and connectivity values of levels were calculated to make comparisons. To make this kind of a comparison, we focused on levels which include both local and global landmarks and levels which include only local landmarks. The most significant contribution of this study to urban design and planning fields is that it provides mounting evidence about the utility of landmarks and their roles in cities due to the fact that the game was played more than 2.5 million people. Moreover, by using these results, it can be possible to encourage cities with more global and local landmarks to have more identifiable/readable areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landmarks" title="landmarks">landmarks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile-based%20games" title=" mobile-based games"> mobile-based games</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20navigation" title=" spatial navigation"> spatial navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20environment" title=" virtual environment"> virtual environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89074/testing-the-impact-of-landmarks-on-navigation-through-the-use-of-mobile-based-games" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> FTIR and AFM Properties of Doubly Doped Tin Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Spin Coating Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahattin%20Duzgun">Bahattin Duzgun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adem%20Kocyigit"> Adem Kocyigit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Tatar"> Demet Tatar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Battal"> Ahmet Battal </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tin oxide thin films are semiconductor materials highly transparent and with high mechanical and chemical stability, except for their interactions with oxygen atoms at high temperature. Many dopants, such as antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), fluorine (F), indium (In), molybdenum and (Mo) etc. have been used to improve the electrical properties of tin oxide films. Among these, Sb and F are found to be the most commonly used dopants for solar cell layers. Also Tin oxide tin films investigated and characterized by researchers different film deposition and analysis method. In this study, tin oxide thin films are deposited on glass substrate by spin coating technique and characterized by FTIR and AFM. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that all films have O-Sn-O and Sn-OH vibration bonds not changing with layer effect. AFM analysis indicates that all films are homogeneity and uniform. It can be seen that all films have needle shape structure in their surfaces. Uniformity and homogeneity of the films generally increased for increasing layers. The results found in present study showed that doubly doped SnO2 thin films is a good candidate for solar cells and other optoelectronic and technological applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubly%20doped" title="doubly doped">doubly doped</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20coating" title=" spin coating"> spin coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTIR%20analysis" title=" FTIR analysis"> FTIR analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AFM%20analysis" title=" AFM analysis"> AFM analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28405/ftir-and-afm-properties-of-doubly-doped-tin-oxide-thin-films-prepared-by-spin-coating-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Synthesis and Characterization of SnO2: Ti Thin Films Spray-Deposited on Optical Glass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Tatar">Demet Tatar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahattin%20D%C3%BCzg%C3%BCn"> Bahattin Düzgün</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we have newly developed titanium-tin oxide (TiSnO) thin films as the transparent conducting oxides materials by the spray pyrolysis technique. Tin oxide thin films doped with different Ti content were successfully grown by spray pyrolysis and they were characterized as a function of Ti content. The effect of Ti contents on the crystalline structure and optical properties of the as-deposited SnO2:Ti films was systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-vis spectrometer and photoluminecenc spectrophotometer. The X-ray diffraction patterns taken at room temperature showed that the films are polycrystalline. The preferred directions of crystal growth appeared in the difractogram of SnO2: Ti (TiTO) films were correspond to the reflections from the (110), (200), (211) and (301) planes. The grain size varies from 21.8 to 27.8 nm for (110) preferred plane. SEM and AFM study reveals the surface of TiTO to be made of nanocrystalline particles. The highest visible transmittance (570 nm) of the deposited films is 80 % for 20 wt % titanium doped tin oxide films. The obtained results revealed that the structures and optical properties of the films were greatly affected by doping levels. These films are useful as conducting layers in electro chromic and photovoltaic devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transparent%20conducting%20oxide" title="transparent conducting oxide">transparent conducting oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20sensors" title=" gas sensors"> gas sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SnO2" title=" SnO2"> SnO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ti" title=" Ti"> Ti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optoelectronic" title=" optoelectronic"> optoelectronic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spray%20pyrolysis" title=" spray pyrolysis"> spray pyrolysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28486/synthesis-and-characterization-of-sno2-ti-thin-films-spray-deposited-on-optical-glass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Geochemical Studies of Mud Volcanoes Fluids According to Petroleum Potential of the Lower Kura Depression (Azerbaijan)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayten%20Bakhtiyar%20Khasayeva">Ayten Bakhtiyar Khasayeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lower Kura depression is a part of the South Caspian Basin (SCB), located between the folded regions of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus. The region is characterized by thick sedimentary cover 22 km (SCB up to 30 km), high sedimentation rate, low geothermal gradient (average value corresponds to 2 °C / 100m). There is Quaternary, Pliocene, Miocene and Oligocene deposits take part in geological structure. Miocene and Oligocene deposits are opened by prospecting and exploratory wells in the areas of Kalamaddin and Garabagli. There are 25 mud volcanoes within the territory of the Lower Kura depression, which are the unique source of information about hydrocarbons contenting great depths. During the wells data research, solid erupted products and mud volcano fluids, and according to the geological and thermal characteristics of the region, it was determined that the main phase of the hydrocarbon generation (MK1-AK2) corresponds to a wide range of depths from 10 to 14 km, which corresponds to the Pliocene-Miocene sediments, and to the "oil and gas windows" according to the intended meaning of R0 ≈ 0,65-0,85%. Fluids of mud volcanoes comprise by the following phases - gas, water. Gas phase consists mainly of methane (99%) of heavy hydrocarbons (С2+ hydrocarbons), CO2, N2, inert components He, Ar. The content of the С2+ hydrocarbons in the gases of mud volcanoes associated with oil deposits is increased. Carbon isotopic composition of methane for the Lower Kura depression varies from -40 ‰ to -60 ‰. Water of mud volcanoes are represented by all four genetic types. However the most typical types of water are HCN type. According to the Mg-Li geothermometer formation of mud waters corresponds to the temperature range from 20 °C to 140 °C (PC2). The solid product emissions of mud volcanoes identified 90 minerals and 30 trace elements. As a result geochemical investigation, thermobaric and geological conditions, zone oil and gas generation - the prospect of the Lower Kura depression is projected to depths greater than 10 km. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geology" title="geology">geology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemistry" title=" geochemistry"> geochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mud%20volcanoes" title=" mud volcanoes"> mud volcanoes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20potential" title=" petroleum potential"> petroleum potential</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36243/geochemical-studies-of-mud-volcanoes-fluids-according-to-petroleum-potential-of-the-lower-kura-depression-azerbaijan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Effect of Mobile Drip and Linear Irrigation System on Sugar Beet Yield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Tas">Ismail Tas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Ersoy%20Yildirim"> Yusuf Ersoy Yildirim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yavuz%20Fatih%20Fidantemiz"> Yavuz Fatih Fidantemiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aysegul%20Boyacioglu"> Aysegul Boyacioglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Uygan"> Demet Uygan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozgur%20Ates"> Ozgur Ates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erdinc%20Savasli"> Erdinc Savasli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oguz%20Onder"> Oguz Onder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Tugrul"> Murat Tugrul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The biggest input of agricultural production is irrigation, water and energy. Although it varies according to the conditions in drip and sprinkler irrigation systems compared to surface irrigation systems, there is a significant amount of energy expenditure. However, this expense not only increases the user's control over the irrigation water but also provides an increase in water savings and water application efficiency. Thus, while irrigation water is used more effectively, it also contributes to reducing production costs. The Mobile Drip Irrigation System (MDIS) is a system in which new technologies are used, and it is one of the systems that are thought to play an important role in increasing the irrigation water utilization rate of plants and reducing water losses, as well as using irrigation water effectively. MDIS is currently considered the most effective method for irrigation, with the development of both linear and central motion systems. MDIS is potentially more advantageous than sprinkler irrigation systems in terms of reducing wind-induced water losses and reducing evaporation losses on the soil and plant surface. Another feature of MDIS is that the sprinkler heads on the systems (such as the liner and center pivot) can remain operational even when the drip irrigation system is installed. This allows the user to use both irrigation methods. In this study, the effect of MDIS and linear sprinkler irrigation method on sugar beet yield at different irrigation water levels will be revealed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDIS" title="MDIS">MDIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20sprinkler" title=" linear sprinkler"> linear sprinkler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugar%20beet" title=" sugar beet"> sugar beet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation%20efficiency" title=" irrigation efficiency"> irrigation efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163220/effect-of-mobile-drip-and-linear-irrigation-system-on-sugar-beet-yield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> The Effect of Air Injection in Irrigation Water on Sugar Beet Yield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Ersoy%20Yildirim">Yusuf Ersoy Yildirim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Tas"> Ismail Tas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ceren%20Gorgusen"> Ceren Gorgusen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tugba%20Yeter"> Tugba Yeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aysegul%20Boyacioglu"> Aysegul Boyacioglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Mehmet%20Tugrul"> K. Mehmet Tugrul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Tugrul"> Murat Tugrul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayten%20Namli"> Ayten Namli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Sabri%20Ozturk"> H. Sabri Ozturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Onur%20Akca"> M. Onur Akca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, a lot of research has been done for the sustainable use of scarce resources in the world. Especially, effective and sustainable use of water resources has been researched for many years. Sub-surface drip irrigation (SDI) is one of the most effective irrigation methods in which efficient and sustainable use of irrigation water can be achieved. When the literature is taken into consideration, it is often emphasized that, besides its numerous advantages, it also allows the application of irrigation water to the plant root zone along with air. It is stated in different studies that the air applied to the plant root zone with irrigation water has a positive effect on the root zone. Plants need sufficient oxygen for root respiration as well as for the metabolic functions of the roots. Decreased root respiration due to low oxygen content reduces transpiration, disrupts the flow of ions, and increases the ingress of salt reaching toxic levels, seriously affecting plant growth. Lack of oxygen (Hypoxia) can affect the survival of plants. The lack of oxygen in the soil is related to the exchange of gases in the soil with the gases in the atmosphere. Soil aeration is an important physical parameter of a soil. It is highly dynamic and is closely related to the amount of water in the soil and its bulk weight. Subsurface drip irrigation; It has higher water use efficiency compared to irrigation methods such as furrow irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. However, in heavy clay soils, subsurface drip irrigation creates continuous wetting fronts that predispose the rhizosphere region to hypoxia or anoxia. With subsurface drip irrigation, the oxygen is limited for root microbial respiration and root development, with the continuous spreading of water to a certain region of the root zone. In this study, the change in sugar beet yield caused by air application in the SDI system will be explained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugar%20beet" title="sugar beet">sugar beet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsurface%20drip%20irrigation" title=" subsurface drip irrigation"> subsurface drip irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20application" title=" air application"> air application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation%20efficiency" title=" irrigation efficiency"> irrigation efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163222/the-effect-of-air-injection-in-irrigation-water-on-sugar-beet-yield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Comparison of Various Policies under Different Maintenance Strategies on a Multi-Component System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Ozgur-Unluakin">Demet Ozgur-Unluakin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Busenur%20Turkali"> Busenur Turkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayse%20Karacaorenli"> Ayse Karacaorenli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Maintenance strategies can be classified into two types, which are reactive and proactive, with respect to the time of the failure and maintenance. If the maintenance activity is done after a breakdown, it is called reactive maintenance. On the other hand, proactive maintenance, which is further divided as preventive and predictive, focuses on maintaining components before a failure occurs to prevent expensive halts. Recently, the number of interacting components in a system has increased rapidly and therefore, the structure of the systems have become more complex. This situation has made it difficult to provide the right maintenance decisions. Herewith, determining effective decisions has played a significant role. In multi-component systems, many methodologies and strategies can be applied when a component or a system has already broken down or when it is desired to identify and avoid proactively defects that could lead to future failure. This study focuses on the comparison of various maintenance strategies on a multi-component dynamic system. Components in the system are hidden, although there exists partial observability to the decision maker and they deteriorate in time. Several predefined policies under corrective, preventive and predictive maintenance strategies are considered to minimize the total maintenance cost in a planning horizon. The policies are simulated via Dynamic Bayesian Networks on a multi-component system with different policy parameters and cost scenarios, and their performances are evaluated. Results show that when the difference between the corrective and proactive maintenance cost is low, none of the proactive maintenance policies is significantly better than the corrective maintenance. However, when the difference is increased, at least one policy parameter for each proactive maintenance strategy gives significantly lower cost than the corrective maintenance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title="decision making">decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20Bayesian%20networks" title=" dynamic Bayesian networks"> dynamic Bayesian networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-component%20systems" title=" multi-component systems"> multi-component systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108704/comparison-of-various-policies-under-different-maintenance-strategies-on-a-multi-component-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Excited State Structural Dynamics of Retinal Isomerization Revealed by a Femtosecond X-Ray Laser </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Przemyslaw%20Nogly">Przemyslaw Nogly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Weinert"> Tobias Weinert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20James"> Daniel James</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergio%20Carbajo"> Sergio Carbajo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20Ozerov"> Dmitry Ozerov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonia%20Furrer"> Antonia Furrer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dardan%20Gashi"> Dardan Gashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veniamin%20Borin"> Veniamin Borin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petr%20Skopintsev"> Petr Skopintsev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathrin%20Jaeger"> Kathrin Jaeger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karol%20Nass"> Karol Nass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petra%20Bath"> Petra Bath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Bosman"> Robert Bosman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Koglin"> Jason Koglin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Seaberg"> Matthew Seaberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Lane"> Thomas Lane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Kekilli"> Demet Kekilli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steffen%20Br%C3%BCnle"> Steffen Brünle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomoyuki%20Tanaka"> Tomoyuki Tanaka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenting%20Wu"> Wenting Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Milne"> Christopher Milne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20A.%20White"> Thomas A. White</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anton%20Barty"> Anton Barty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uwe%20Weierstall"> Uwe Weierstall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valerie%20Panneels"> Valerie Panneels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eriko%20Nango"> Eriko Nango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So%20Iwata"> So Iwata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Hunter"> Mark Hunter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Schapiro"> Igor Schapiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebhard%20Schertler"> Gebhard Schertler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Neutze"> Richard Neutze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%B6rg%20Standfuss"> Jörg Standfuss</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrafast isomerization of retinal is the primary step in a range of photoresponsive biological functions including vision in humans and ion-transport across bacterial membranes. We studied the sub-picosecond structural dynamics of retinal isomerization in the light-driven proton pump bacteriorhodopsin using an X-ray laser. Twenty snapshots with near-atomic spatial and temporal resolution in the femtosecond regime show how the excited all-trans retinal samples conformational states within the protein binding pocket prior to passing through a highly-twisted geometry and emerging in the 13-cis conformation. The aspartic acid residues and functional water molecules in proximity of the retinal Schiff base respond collectively to formation and decay of the initial excited state and retinal isomerization. These observations reveal how the protein scaffold guides this remarkably efficient photochemical reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriorhodopsin" title="bacteriorhodopsin">bacteriorhodopsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free-electron%20laser" title=" free-electron laser"> free-electron laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retinal%20isomerization%20mechanism" title=" retinal isomerization mechanism"> retinal isomerization mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time-resolved%20crystallography" title=" time-resolved crystallography"> time-resolved crystallography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90555/excited-state-structural-dynamics-of-retinal-isomerization-revealed-by-a-femtosecond-x-ray-laser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90555.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Contribution of NLRP3 Inflammasome to the Protective Effect of 5,14-HEDGE, A 20-HETE Mimetic, against LPS-Induced Septic Shock in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahar%20Tunctan">Bahar Tunctan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sefika%20Pinar%20Kucukkavruk"> Sefika Pinar Kucukkavruk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryem%20Temiz-Resitoglu"> Meryem Temiz-Resitoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Sinem%20Guden"> Demet Sinem Guden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayse%20Nihal%20Sari"> Ayse Nihal Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyhan%20Sahan-Firat"> Seyhan Sahan-Firat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20P.%20Paudyal"> Mahesh P. Paudyal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20R.%20Falck"> John R. Falck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kafait%20U.%20Malik"> Kafait U. Malik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We hypothesized that 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) mimetics such as N-(20-hydroxyeicosa-5[Z],14[Z]-dienoyl)glycine (5,14-HEDGE) may be beneficial for preventing mortality due to inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This study aims to assess the effect of 5,14-HEDGE on the LPS-induced changes in nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3)/apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC)/pro-caspase-1 inflammasome. Rats were injected with saline (4 ml/kg) or LPS (10 mg/kg) at time 0. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured using a tail-cuff device. 5,14-HEDGE (30 mg/kg) was administered to rats 1 h after injection of saline or LPS. The rats were sacrificed 4 h after saline or LPS injection and kidney, heart, thoracic aorta, and superior mesenteric artery were isolated for measurement of caspase-1/11 p20, NLRP3, ASC, and β-actin proteins as well as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels. Blood pressure decreased by 33 mmHg and heart rate increased by 63 bpm in the LPS-treated rats. In the LPS-treated rats, tissue protein expression of caspase-1/11 p20, NLRP3, and ASC in addition to IL-1β levels were increased. 5,14-HEDGE prevented the LPS-induced changes. Our findings suggest that inhibition of renal, cardiac, and vascular formation/activity of NLRP3/ASC/pro-caspase-1 inflammasome involved in the protective effect of 5,14-HEDGE on LPS-induced septic shock in rats. This work was financially supported by the Mersin University (2015-AP3-1343) and USPHS NIH (PO1 HL034300). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5" title="5">5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=14-HEDGE" title="14-HEDGE">14-HEDGE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipopolysaccharide" title=" lipopolysaccharide"> lipopolysaccharide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NLRP3" title=" NLRP3"> NLRP3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammasome" title=" inflammasome"> inflammasome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=septic%20shock" title=" septic shock"> septic shock</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68280/contribution-of-nlrp3-inflammasome-to-the-protective-effect-of-514-hedge-a-20-hete-mimetic-against-lps-induced-septic-shock-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Effect of Substrate Temperature on Some Physical Properties of Doubly doped Tin Oxide Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Battal">Ahmet Battal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Tatar"> Demet Tatar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahattin%20D%C3%BCzg%C3%BCn"> Bahattin Düzgün</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) are mostly used much applications due to many properties such as cheap, high transmittance/electrical conductivity etc. One of the clearest among TCOs, indium tin oxide (ITO), is the most widely used in many areas. However, as ITO is expensive and very low regarding reserve, other materials with suitable properties (especially SnO2 thin films) are be using instead of it. In this report, tin oxide thin films doubly doped with antimony and fluorine (AFTO) were deposited by spray at different substrate temperatures on glass substrate. It was investigated their structural, optical, electrical and luminescence properties. The substrate temperature was varied from 320 to 480 ˚C at the interval of 40 (±5) ºC. X-ray results were shown that the films are polycrystalline with tetragonal structure and oriented preferentially along (101), (200) and (210) directions. It was observed that the preferential orientations of crystal growth are not dependent on substrate temperature, but the intensity of preferential orientation was increased with increasing substrate temperature until 400 ºC. After this substrate temperature, they decreased. So, substrate temperature impact structure of these thin films. It was known from SEM analysis, the thin films have rough and homogenous and the surface of the films was affected by the substrate temperature i.e. grain size are increasing with increasing substrate temperature until 400 ºC. Also, SEM and AFM studies revealed the surface of AFTO thin films to be made of nanocrystalline particles. The average transmittance of the films in the visible range is 70-85%. Eg values of the films were investigated using the absorption spectra and found to be in the range 3,20-3,93 eV. The electrical resistivity decreases with increasing substrate temperature, then the electrical resistivity increases. PL spectra were found as a function of substrate temperature. With increasing substrate temperature, emission spectra shift a little bit to a UV region. Finally, tin oxide thin films were successfully prepared by this method and a spectroscopic characterization of the obtained films was performed. It was found that the films have very good physical properties. It was concluded that substrate temperature impacts thin film structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title="thin films">thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spray%20pyrolysis" title=" spray pyrolysis"> spray pyrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SnO2" title=" SnO2"> SnO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubly%20doped" title=" doubly doped"> doubly doped</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28569/effect-of-substrate-temperature-on-some-physical-properties-of-doubly-doped-tin-oxide-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28569.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> The Effects of Street Network Layout on Walking to School </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayse%20Ozbil">Ayse Ozbil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gorsev%20Argin"> Gorsev Argin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Yesiltepe"> Demet Yesiltepe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data for this cross-sectional study were drawn from questionnaires conducted in 10 elementary schools (1000 students, ages 12-14) located in Istanbul, Turkey. School environments (1600 meter buffers around the school) were evaluated through GIS-based land-use data (parcel level land use density) and street-level topography. Street networks within the same buffers were evaluated by using angular segment analysis (Integration and Choice) implemented in Depthmap as well as two segment-based connectivity measures, namely Metric and Directional Reach implemented in GIS. Segment Angular Integration measures how accessible each space from all the others within the radius using the least angle measure of distance. Segment Angular Choice which measures how many times a space is selected on journeys between all pairs of origins and destinations. Metric Reach captures the density of streets and street connections accessible from each individual road segment. Directional Reach measures the extent to which the entire street network is accessible with few direction changes. In addition, socio-economic characteristics (annual income, car ownership, education-level) of parents, obtained from parental questionnaires, were also included in the analysis. It is shown that surrounding street network configuration is strongly associated with both walk-mode shares and average walking distances to/from schools when controlling for parental socio-demographic attributes as well as land-use compositions and topographic features in school environments. More specifically, findings suggest that the scale at which urban form has an impact on pedestrian travel is considerably larger than a few blocks around the school. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20network%20layout" title=" street network layout"> street network layout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20form" title=" urban form"> urban form</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walking%20to%2Ffrom%20school" title=" walking to/from school"> walking to/from school</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29317/the-effects-of-street-network-layout-on-walking-to-school" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Contribution of mTOR to Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress via NADPH Oxidase System Activation in Zymosan-Induced Systemic Inflammation in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyhan%20Sahan-Firat">Seyhan Sahan-Firat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryem%20Temiz-Resitoglu"> Meryem Temiz-Resitoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Sinem%20Guden"> Demet Sinem Guden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sefika%20Pinar%20Kucukkavruk"> Sefika Pinar Kucukkavruk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahar%20Tunctan"> Bahar Tunctan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayse%20Nihal%20Sari"> Ayse Nihal Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zumrut%20Kocak"> Zumrut Kocak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We hypothesized that mTOR inhibition may prevent the multiple organ failures following severe multiple tissue injury associated with increased NADPH oxidase system activity occur in zymosan-induced systemic inflammation. Therefore, we investigated the role of mTOR in oxidative/nitrosative stress associated with increase in NADPH oxidase activity in zymosan-induced systemic inflammation model in rats. Male Wistar rats received saline (4 ml/kg, i.p.) and zymosan (500 mg/kg, i.p.) at time 0. Saline, or zymosan-treated rats were given rapamycin (1 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h after saline or zymosan injections. Rats were sacrified 4 h after zymosan challenge and kidney, heart, thoracic aorta, and superior mesenteric artery were collected. NADPH oxidase activity, p22phox, gp91phox, and p47phox protein expression and nitrotyrosine levels were measured in tissue samples. Zymosan administration caused an increase in NADPH oxidase activity, p22phox, gp91phox, and p47phox protein expression and nitrotyrosine levels in kidney, heart, thoracic aorta, and superior mesenteric artery. These changes caused by zymosan reversed by rapamycin, a selective mTOR inhibitor. Rapamycin alone had no effect on the parameters measured. Our results demonstrated that zymosan-induced oxidative/nitrosative stress presumably due to enhanced activity of NADPH oxidase, expression of p22phox, gp91phox, and p47phox and production of peroxynitrite were mediated by mTOR. [This work was financially supported by Research Foundation of Mersin University (2016-2-AP3-1900)]. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title="oxidative stress">oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mTOR" title=" mTOR"> mTOR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrosative%20stress" title=" nitrosative stress"> nitrosative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zymosan" title=" zymosan"> zymosan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71048/contribution-of-mtor-to-oxidativenitrosative-stress-via-nadph-oxidase-system-activation-in-zymosan-induced-systemic-inflammation-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Analyzing the Performance of Different Cost-Based Methods for the Corrective Maintenance of a System in Thermal Power Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Ozgur-Unluakin">Demet Ozgur-Unluakin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Busenur%20Turkali"> Busenur Turkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Caglar%20Aksezer"> S. Caglar Aksezer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the age of industrialization, maintenance has always been a very crucial element for all kinds of factories and plants. With today’s increasingly developing technology, the system structure of such facilities has become more complicated, and even a small operational disruption may return huge losses in profits for the companies. In order to reduce these costs, effective maintenance planning is crucial, but at the same time, it is a difficult task because of the complexity of systems. The most important aspect of correct maintenance planning is to understand the structure of the system, not to ignore the dependencies among the components and as a result, to model the system correctly. In this way, it will be better to understand which component improves the system more when it is maintained. Undoubtedly, proactive maintenance at a scheduled time reduces costs because the scheduled maintenance prohibits high losses in profits. But the necessity of corrective maintenance, which directly affects the situation of the system and provides direct intervention when the system fails, should not be ignored. When a fault occurs in the system, if the problem is not solved immediately and proactive maintenance time is awaited, this may result in increased costs. This study proposes various maintenance methods with different efficiency measures under corrective maintenance strategy on a subsystem of a thermal power plant. To model the dependencies between the components, dynamic Bayesian Network approach is employed. The proposed maintenance methods aim to minimize the total maintenance cost in a planning horizon, as well as to find the most appropriate component to be attacked on, which improves the system reliability utmost. Performances of the methods are compared under corrective maintenance strategy. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is also applied under different cost values. Results show that all fault effect methods perform better than the replacement effect methods and this conclusion is also valid under different downtime cost values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20Bayesian%20networks" title="dynamic Bayesian networks">dynamic Bayesian networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-component%20systems" title=" multi-component systems"> multi-component systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108702/analyzing-the-performance-of-different-cost-based-methods-for-the-corrective-maintenance-of-a-system-in-thermal-power-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Protective Effect of Bexarotene, a Selective RXRα Agonist, against Hypotension Associated with Inflammation and Tissue Injury Linked to Decreased Circulating iNOS Levels in A Rat Model of Septic Shock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahar%20Tunctan">Bahar Tunctan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sefika%20Pinar%20Kucukkavruk"> Sefika Pinar Kucukkavruk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryem%20Temiz-Resitoglu"> Meryem Temiz-Resitoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Sinem%20Guden"> Demet Sinem Guden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayse%20Nihal%20Sari"> Ayse Nihal Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyhan%20Sahan-Firat"> Seyhan Sahan-Firat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We hypothesized that rexinoids such as bexarotene, a selective retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) agonist, may be beneficial for preventing mortality due to inflammation associated with increased expression/activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Therefore, we investigated effects of bexarotene on the changes in circulating protein levels of iNOS (an index for systemic iNOS expression), myeloperoxidase (MPO) (an index for systemic inflammation), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (an index for systemic tissue injury) in LPS-induced systemic inflammation model resulting in septic shock in rats. Rats were injected with saline (4 ml/kg; i.p.), LPS (10 mg/kg; i.p.), dimethylsulphoxide (4 ml/kg, 0.1%; s.c.) at time 0. Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured using a tail-cuff device. Bexarotene (0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg; s.c.) was administered to separate groups of rats 1 h after injection of saline or LPS. The rats were sacrificed 4 h after saline or LPS injection and blood was collected for measurement of serum iNOS, MPO, and LDH protein levels. Blood pressure decreased by 31 mmHg and heart rate increased by 63 bpm in the LPS-treated rats. Bexarotene at 0.3 and 1 mg/kg doses caused 20% mortality 4 h after LPS injection. In the LPS-treated rats, serum iNOS, MPO, and LDH protein levels were increased. Bexarotene only at 0.1 mg/kg dose prevented the LPS-induced hypotension and increased in iNOS, MPO, and LDH protein levels. These data are consistent with the view that a decrease in systemic iNOS levels contributes to the beneficial effect of bexarotene to prevent the hypotension associated with inflammation and tissue injury during rat endotoxemia. [This work was financially supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (SBAG-109S121)]. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bexarotene" title="bexarotene">bexarotene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iNOS" title=" iNOS"> iNOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipopolisaccharide" title=" lipopolisaccharide"> lipopolisaccharide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RXRa" title=" RXRa"> RXRa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68276/protective-effect-of-bexarotene-a-selective-rxra-agonist-against-hypotension-associated-with-inflammation-and-tissue-injury-linked-to-decreased-circulating-inos-levels-in-a-rat-model-of-septic-shock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Determination of Physical Properties of Crude Oil Distillates by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Calibration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayten%20Ekin%20Me%C5%9Fe">Ayten Ekin Meşe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selahattin%20%C5%9Eent%C3%BCrk"> Selahattin Şentürk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melike%20Duvano%C4%9Flu"> Melike Duvanoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Petroleum refineries are a highly complex process industry with continuous production and high operating costs. Physical separation of crude oil starts with the crude oil distillation unit, continues with various conversion and purification units, and passes through many stages until obtaining the final product. To meet the desired product specification, process parameters are strictly followed. To be able to ensure the quality of distillates, routine analyses are performed in quality control laboratories based on appropriate international standards such as American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard methods and European Standard (EN) methods. The cut point of distillates in the crude distillation unit is very crucial for the efficiency of the upcoming processes. In order to maximize the process efficiency, the determination of the quality of distillates should be as fast as possible, reliable, and cost-effective. In this sense, an alternative study was carried out on the crude oil distillation unit that serves the entire refinery process. In this work, studies were conducted with three different crude oil distillates which are Light Straight Run Naphtha (LSRN), Heavy Straight Run Naphtha (HSRN), and Kerosene. These products are named after separation by the number of carbons it contains. LSRN consists of five to six carbon-containing hydrocarbons, HSRN consist of six to ten, and kerosene consists of sixteen to twenty-two carbon-containing hydrocarbons. Physical properties of three different crude distillation unit products (LSRN, HSRN, and Kerosene) were determined using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy with multivariate calibration. The absorbance spectra of the petroleum samples were obtained in the range from 10000 cm⁻¹ to 4000 cm⁻¹, employing a quartz transmittance flow through cell with a 2 mm light path and a resolution of 2 cm⁻¹. A total of 400 samples were collected for each petroleum sample for almost four years. Several different crude oil grades were processed during sample collection times. Extended Multiplicative Signal Correction (EMSC) and Savitzky-Golay (SG) preprocessing techniques were applied to FT-NIR spectra of samples to eliminate baseline shifts and suppress unwanted variation. Two different multivariate calibration approaches (Partial Least Squares Regression, PLS and Genetic Inverse Least Squares, GILS) and an ensemble model were applied to preprocessed FT-NIR spectra. Predictive performance of each multivariate calibration technique and preprocessing techniques were compared, and the best models were chosen according to the reproducibility of ASTM reference methods. This work demonstrates the developed models can be used for routine analysis instead of conventional analytical methods with over 90% accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20distillation%20unit" title="crude distillation unit">crude distillation unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multivariate%20calibration" title=" multivariate calibration"> multivariate calibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near%20infrared%20spectroscopy" title=" near infrared spectroscopy"> near infrared spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20preprocessing" title=" data preprocessing"> data preprocessing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refinery" title=" refinery"> refinery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153031/determination-of-physical-properties-of-crude-oil-distillates-by-near-infrared-spectroscopy-and-multivariate-calibration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Investigations at the Settlement of Oglankala</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayten%20Tahirli">Ayten Tahirli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Settlements and grave monuments discovered by archeological excavations conducted in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic have a special place in studying the Ancient history of Azerbaijan between the 4th century B.C. and the 3rd century A.C. From this point of view, the archeological excavations and investigations conducted at Oglankala, Goshatapa, Babatapa, Pusyan, Agvantapa, Meydantapa and other monuments in Nakhchivan have a specific place. From this point of view, the conclusions of archeological research conducted at the Oglankala settlement enable studying of Nakhchivan history, economic life and trade relationships broadly. Oglankala, which is located on Garatapa Mountain with a space of 50 ha, was the largest fortress in Nakhchivan and one of the largest fortresses in the South Caucasus during the Middle Iron Age. The territory where the monument is located is very important in terms of keeping Sharur Lowland, which has great importance for agriculture and is the most productive territory in Nakhchivan, where Arpachay passes starting from the Lesser Caucasus. During the excavations between 1988 and 1989 at Oglankala, covering the fortress's history belonging to the Early and Middle Iron Ages, indisputable proofs showing that the territory was an important political center were discovered at that territory. Oglankala was the capital city of an independent government during the Middle Iron Age. It maintained economic and cultural relationships with the neighboring Urartu Government and was the capital city of a city government covered by a strong protection system in the centuries after the collapse of the Achaemenid Empire. It is need say that broader archeological excavations at Oglankala City were first started by Vali Bakhshaliyev, the Department Head of the Institute of History, Ethnography and Archeology of ANAS Nakhchivan Branch. Between 1988 and 1989, V.B. Bakhshaliyev conducted an excavation within an area of 320 square meters at Oglankala. Since 2006, Oglankala has become a research object for the International Azerbaijan-USA archeological expedition. In 2006, Lauren Ristvet from Pennsylvania State University, Veli Bakhshaliyev from the Nakhchivan Branch of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences and Safar Ashurov from Baku Office of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, together with their other colleagues and students, started to study the ancient history of that magic area. During the archeological research conducted by an international expedition between 2008 and 2011 under the supervision of Vali Bakhshaliyev, the remnants of a palace and the protective walls of a citadel constructed between late 9th century B.C. and early 8th century A.C. were discovered in that residential area. It was found out that Oglankala was the capital city of a small government established at Sharur Lowland during the Middle Iron Age and struggled against the Urartu by establishing a union with the local tribes. That government had a specific cuneiform script. Between the 4th and 2nd centuries B.C., Oglankala and the territory it covered was one of the major political centers of the Atropathena Government. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nakhchivan" title="Nakhchivan">Nakhchivan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oglankala" title=" Oglankala"> Oglankala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement" title=" settlement"> settlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic" title=" ceramic"> ceramic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archaeological%20excavation" title=" archaeological excavation"> archaeological excavation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163609/investigations-at-the-settlement-of-oglankala" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163609.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Maintenance Optimization for a Multi-Component System Using Factored Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ipek%20Kivanc">Ipek Kivanc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Ozgur-Unluakin"> Demet Ozgur-Unluakin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the past years, technological innovations and advancements have played an important role in the industrial world. Due to technological improvements, the degree of complexity of the systems has increased. Hence, all systems are getting more uncertain that emerges from increased complexity, resulting in more cost. It is challenging to cope with this situation. So, implementing efficient planning of maintenance activities in such systems are getting more essential. Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) are powerful tools for stochastic sequential decision problems under uncertainty. Although maintenance optimization in a dynamic environment can be modeled as such a sequential decision problem, POMDPs are not widely used for tackling maintenance problems. However, they can be well-suited frameworks for obtaining optimal maintenance policies. In the classical representation of the POMDP framework, the system is denoted by a single node which has multiple states. The main drawback of this classical approach is that the state space grows exponentially with the number of state variables. On the other side, factored representation of POMDPs enables to simplify the complexity of the states by taking advantage of the factored structure already available in the nature of the problem. The main idea of factored POMDPs is that they can be compactly modeled through dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs), which are graphical representations for stochastic processes, by exploiting the structure of this representation. This study aims to demonstrate how maintenance planning of dynamic systems can be modeled with factored POMDPs. An empirical maintenance planning problem of a dynamic system consisting of four partially observable components deteriorating in time is designed. To solve the empirical model, we resort to Symbolic Perseus solver which is one of the state-of-the-art factored POMDP solvers enabling approximate solutions. We generate some more predefined policies based on corrective or proactive maintenance strategies. We execute the policies on the empirical problem for many replications and compare their performances under various scenarios. The results show that the computed policies from the POMDP model are superior to the others. Acknowledgment: This work is supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) under grant no: 117M587. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factored%20representation" title="factored representation">factored representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-component%20system" title=" multi-component system"> multi-component system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partially%20observable%20Markov%20decision%20processes" title=" partially observable Markov decision processes"> partially observable Markov decision processes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108513/maintenance-optimization-for-a-multi-component-system-using-factored-partially-observable-markov-decision-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Artificial Law: Legal AI Systems and the Need to Satisfy Principles of Justice, Equality and the Protection of Human Rights</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Begum%20Koru">Begum Koru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isik%20Aybay"> Isik Aybay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Celik%20Ulusoy"> Demet Celik Ulusoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discipline of law is quite complex and has its own terminology. Apart from written legal rules, there is also living law, which refers to legal practice. Basic legal rules aim at the happiness of individuals in social life and have different characteristics in different branches such as public or private law. On the other hand, law is a national phenomenon. The law of one nation and the legal system applied on the territory of another nation may be completely different. People who are experts in a particular field of law in one country may have insufficient expertise in the law of another country. Today, in addition to the local nature of law, international and even supranational law rules are applied in order to protect basic human values and ensure the protection of human rights around the world. Systems that offer algorithmic solutions to legal problems using artificial intelligence (AI) tools will perhaps serve to produce very meaningful results in terms of human rights. However, algorithms to be used should not be developed by only computer experts, but also need the contribution of people who are familiar with law, values, judicial decisions, and even the social and political culture of the society to which it will provide solutions. Otherwise, even if the algorithm works perfectly, it may not be compatible with the values of the society in which it is applied. The latest developments involving the use of AI techniques in legal systems indicate that artificial law will emerge as a new field in the discipline of law. More AI systems are already being applied in the field of law, with examples such as predicting judicial decisions, text summarization, decision support systems, and classification of documents. Algorithms for legal systems employing AI tools, especially in the field of prediction of judicial decisions and decision support systems, have the capacity to create automatic decisions instead of judges. When the judge is removed from this equation, artificial intelligence-made law created by an intelligent algorithm on its own emerges, whether the domain is national or international law. In this work, the aim is to make a general analysis of this new topic. Such an analysis needs both a literature survey and a perspective from computer experts' and lawyers' point of view. In some societies, the use of prediction or decision support systems may be useful to integrate international human rights safeguards. In this case, artificial law can serve to produce more comprehensive and human rights-protective results than written or living law. In non-democratic countries, it may even be thought that direct decisions and artificial intelligence-made law would be more protective instead of a decision "support" system. Since the values of law are directed towards "human happiness or well-being", it requires that the AI algorithms should always be capable of serving this purpose and based on the rule of law, the principle of justice and equality, and the protection of human rights. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI%20and%20law" title="AI and law">AI and law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20law" title=" artificial law"> artificial law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection%20of%20human%20rights" title=" protection of human rights"> protection of human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI%20tools%20for%20legal%20systems" title=" AI tools for legal systems"> AI tools for legal systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174646/artificial-law-legal-ai-systems-and-the-need-to-satisfy-principles-of-justice-equality-and-the-protection-of-human-rights" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Epigastric Pain in Emergency Room: Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demet%20Devrimsel%20Dogan">Demet Devrimsel Dogan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecem%20Deniz%20Kirkpantur"> Ecem Deniz Kirkpantur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muharrem%20Dogan"> Muharrem Dogan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Aykut"> Ahmet Aykut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebru%20Unal%20Akoglu"> Ebru Unal Akoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozge%20Ecmel%20Onur"> Ozge Ecmel Onur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) is a rare cause of chronic abdominal pain due to external compression of the celiac trunk by a fibrous arch that unites diaphragmatic crura on each side of the aortic hiatus. While 10-24% of the population may suffer from compression of celiac trunk, it rarely causes patients to develop symptoms. The typical clinical triad of symptoms includes postprandial epigastric pain, weight loss and vomiting. The diagnosis can be made using thin section multi-detector computed tomography (CT) scans which delineate the ligament and the compressed vessel. The treatment of MALS is aimed at relieving the compression of the celiac artery to restore adequate blood flow through the vessel and neurolysis to address chronic pain. Case: A 68-year-old male presented to our clinic with acute postprandial epigastric pain. This was patients’ first attack, and the pain was the worst pain of his life. The patient did not have any other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, chest pain or dyspnea. In his medical history, the patient has had an ischemic cerebrovascular stroke 5 years ago which he recovered with no sequel, and he was using 75 mg clopidogrel and 100 mg acetylsalicylic acid. He was not using any other medication and did not have a story of cardiovascular disease. His vital signs were stable (BP:113/72 mmHg, Spo2:97, temperature:36.3°C, HR:90/bpm). In his electrocardiogram, there was ST depression in leads II, III and AVF. In his physical examination, there was only epigastric tenderness, other system examinations were normal. Physical examination through his upper gastrointestinal system showed no bleeding. His laboratory results were as follows: creatinine:1.26 mg/dL, AST:42 U/L, ALT:17 U/L, amylase:78 U/L, lipase:26 U/L, troponin:10.3 pg/ml, WBC:28.9 K/uL, Hgb:12.7 gr/dL, Plt:335 K/uL. His serial high-sensitive troponin levels were also within normal limits, his echocardiography showed no segmental wall motion abnormalities, an acute myocardial infarction was excluded. In his abdominal ultrasound, no pathology was founded. Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT and CT angiography reported ‘thickened diaphragmatic cruras are compressing and stenosing truncus celiacus superior, this is likely compatible with MALS’. The patient was consulted to general surgery, and they admitted the patient for laparoscopic ligament release. Results: MALS is a syndrome that causes postprandial pain, nausea and vomiting as its most common symptoms. Affected patients are normally young, slim women between the ages of 30 and 50 who have undergone extensive examinations to find the source of their symptoms. To diagnose MALS, other underlying pathologies should initially be excluded. The gold standard is aortic angiography. Although diagnosis and treatment of MALS are unclear, symptom resolution has been achieved with multiple surgical modalities, including open, laparoscopic or robotic ligament release as well as celiac ganglionectomy, which often requires celiac artery revascularisation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20diagnosis" title="differential diagnosis">differential diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epigastric%20pain" title=" epigastric pain"> epigastric pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=median%20arcuate%20ligament%20syndrome" title=" median arcuate ligament syndrome"> median arcuate ligament syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=celiac%20trunk" title=" celiac trunk"> celiac trunk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74949/epigastric-pain-in-emergency-room-median-arcuate-ligament-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> 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