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Ètnia - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure

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id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d&#039;actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> 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</div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&amp;returnto=%C3%88tnia" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&amp;returnto=%C3%88tnia" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right 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href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&amp;returnto=%C3%88tnia" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&amp;returnto=%C3%88tnia" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l&#039;edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d&#039;aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-El_concepte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#El_concepte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>El concepte</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-El_concepte-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció El concepte</span> </button> <ul id="toc-El_concepte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Història_i_tradicions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Història_i_tradicions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Història i tradicions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Història_i_tradicions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recerca_sobre_les_definicions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recerca_sobre_les_definicions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Recerca sobre les definicions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recerca_sobre_les_definicions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classificació" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classificació"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Classificació</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classificació-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ètnia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 107 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-107" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">107 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Аетнос - abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аетнос" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etniese_groep" title="Etniese groep - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Etniese groep" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnie" title="Ethnie - alemany suís" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ethnie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemany suís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D8%AB%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مجموعة إثنية - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة إثنية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87" title="مجموعه عرقيه - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مجموعه عرقيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnik_qrup" title="Etnik qrup - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Etnik qrup" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE" title="اتنیک قوروپ - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اتنیک قوروپ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Етническа група - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Етническа група" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="एथ्निसिटी - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एथ्निसिटी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A7%80" title="নৃগোষ্ঠী - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নৃগোষ্ঠী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etni%C4%8Dka_grupa" title="Etnička grupa - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Etnička grupa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="گرووپی نەتەوەیی - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گرووپی نەتەوەیی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnikum" title="Etnikum - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Etnikum" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C5%B5p_ethnig" title="Grŵp ethnig - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Grŵp ethnig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnicitet" title="Etnicitet - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Etnicitet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balli" title="Balli - Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Balli" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnie" title="Ethnie - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ethnie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruba_etnike" title="Gruba etnike - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Gruba etnike" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpung_tinaru" title="Simpung tinaru - Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Simpung tinaru" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Εθνοτική ομάδα - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνοτική ομάδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group" title="Ethnic group - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ethnic group" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etno" title="Etno - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Etno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etninen_ryhm%C3%A4" title="Etninen ryhmä - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etninen ryhmä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnie" title="Ethnie - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ethnie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88tnia" title="Ètnia - Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ètnia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BApa_eitneach" title="Grúpa eitneach - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Grúpa eitneach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buidheann_cinneachail" title="Buidheann cinneachail - gaèlic escocès" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Buidheann cinneachail" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaèlic escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%A5" title="વંશીય જૂથ - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વંશીય જૂથ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possan_kynneeagh" title="Possan kynneeagh - manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Possan kynneeagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="אתניות - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אתניות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="जातीय समूह - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जातीय समूह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etni%C4%8Dka_skupina" title="Etnička skupina - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Etnička skupina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnikum" title="Etnikum - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Etnikum" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%A9%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A2" title="Էթնիկական խումբ - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էթնիկական խումբ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_ti_etniko" title="Grupo ti etniko - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Grupo ti etniko" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ej%C3%B3%C3%B0arbrot" title="Þjóðarbrot - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þjóðarbrot" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="民族 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="民族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golongan_%C3%A8tnik" title="Golongan ètnik - javanès" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Golongan ètnik" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ეთნოსი - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეთნოსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azdar" title="Azdar - cabilenc" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Azdar" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabilenc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Этникалық топ - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Этникалық топ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7" title="ក្រុមជនជាតិ - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ក្រុមជនជាតិ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಜನಾಂಗೀಯ ಗುಂಪುಗಳು - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜನಾಂಗೀಯ ಗುಂಪುಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%A1%B1" title="민족 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="민족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koma_etn%C3%AEk" title="Koma etnîk - kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Koma etnîk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagas_ethnek" title="Bagas ethnek - còrnic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bagas ethnek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="còrnic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnos" title="Ethnos - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ethnos" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etniciteit" title="Etniciteit - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Etniciteit" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnin%C4%97_grup%C4%97" title="Etninė grupė - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Etninė grupė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnisk%C4%81_grupa" title="Etniskā grupa - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Etniskā grupa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vondrom-poko" title="Vondrom-poko - malgaix" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Vondrom-poko" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalompok_etnik" title="Kalompok etnik - minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kalompok etnik" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Етничка група - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Етничка група" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ястан - mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ястан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelompok_etnik" title="Kelompok etnik - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kelompok etnik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF" title="လူမျိုးစု - birmà" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လူမျိုးစု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etniciteit" title="Etniciteit - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Etniciteit" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnisitet" title="Etnisitet - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Etnisitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnisitet" title="Etnisitet - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Etnisitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnine_joukko" title="Etnine joukko - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Etnine joukko" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%82%E0%AC%9A%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A4_%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BF" title="ଅନୁସୂଚିତ ଜାତି - oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଅନୁସୂଚିତ ଜାତି" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B9" title="ਨਸਲੀ ਸਮੂਹ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਸਲੀ ਸਮੂਹ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupa_etniczna" title="Grupa etniczna - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grupa etniczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%85%DA%89%D9%84%D9%87" title="توکمډله - paixtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="توکمډله" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paixtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_%C3%A9tnico" title="Grupo étnico - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grupo étnico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_etnic" title="Grup etnic - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grup etnic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Этническая группа - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Этническая группа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia - sard" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group" title="Ethnic group - escocès" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ethnic group" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%BE" title="نسلي گروھ - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نسلي گروھ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etni%C4%8Dka_grupa" title="Etnička grupa - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Etnička grupa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%B8%E1%81%A2%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း - xan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="xan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාතිය - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජාතිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group" title="Ethnic group - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ethnic group" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnikum" title="Etnikum - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Etnikum" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etni%C4%8Dna_skupina" title="Etnična skupina - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Etnična skupina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudzi" title="Rudzi - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Rudzi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Етничка група - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Етничка група" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelompok_%C3%A9tnik" title="Kelompok étnik - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kelompok étnik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnisk_grupp" title="Etnisk grupp - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Etnisk grupp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabila" title="Kabila - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kabila" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/binacadan" title="binacadan - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="binacadan" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81" title="இனக் குழு - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இனக் குழு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Гурӯҳи қавмӣ - tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гурӯҳи қавмӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%8C" title="กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangkat_etniko" title="Pangkat etniko - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pangkat etniko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnik_grup" title="Etnik grup - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Etnik grup" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Етнічна спільність - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Етнічна спільність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="نسلیت - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نسلیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnik_guruh" title="Etnik guruh - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Etnik guruh" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BA%AFc_t%E1%BB%99c" title="Sắc tộc - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sắc tộc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" title="族群 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="族群" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuzwe" title="Ubuzwe - xosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ubuzwe" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ეთნოსი - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ეთნოსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A2" title="עטנישע גרופע - ídix" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עטנישע גרופע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ídix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8%CC%80y%C3%A0_%C3%A8n%C3%ACy%C3%A0n" title="Ẹ̀yà ènìyàn - ioruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ̀yà ènìyàn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ioruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B3%E2%B4%B3%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵡⵙⵉⵜ - amazic estàndard marroquí" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵡⵙⵉⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazic estàndard marroquí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E4%BA%BA" title="種人 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="種人" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cho%CC%8Dk-k%C3%BBn" title="Cho̍k-kûn - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cho̍k-kûn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E8%A3%94" title="族裔 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="族裔" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41710#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%88tnia" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussi%C3%B3:%C3%88tnia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d&#039;aquesta pàgina (encara no existeix) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div 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pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%88tnia"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/%C3%88tnia" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/%C3%88tnia" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d&#039;aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;oldid=32841364" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&amp;page=%C3%88tnia&amp;id=32841364&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2588tnia"><span>Obtén una URL 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accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41710" title="Enllaç a l&#039;element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l&#039;enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background-color: Moccasin;"><span style="float:left;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Female_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Infotaula grup humà"><img alt="Infotaula grup humà" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Female_icon.svg/22px-Female_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Female_icon.svg/33px-Female_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Female_icon.svg/44px-Female_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="141" data-file-height="157" /></a></span></span>Ètnia</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32548069/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Collage_of_ethnic_groups.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="lang="><img alt="lang=" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Collage_of_ethnic_groups.jpg/300px-Collage_of_ethnic_groups.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Collage_of_ethnic_groups.jpg/450px-Collage_of_ethnic_groups.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Collage_of_ethnic_groups.jpg/600px-Collage_of_ethnic_groups.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><br /> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710?uselang=ca#P2716" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width:45%; color: #202122; background-color: #eeeeee;">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5962346" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q5962346">sistema de classificació</a> i <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3702971" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3702971">dades personals</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Una <b>ètnia</b> [del gr. <i>éthnos</i> 'poble']<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> o <b>grup ètnic</b> és un conjunt de persones que s'identifiquen entre elles a partir d'uns lligams que els distingeixen d'altres grups.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Aquests lligams poden basar-se en trets <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">culturals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Llengua_(comunicaci%C3%B3)" class="mw-redirect" title="Llengua (comunicació)">lingüístics</a> o <a href="/wiki/Religi%C3%B3" title="Religió">religiosos</a>, que poden ser d'un caire més o menys porós. S'anomena <i>etnicitat</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> la pertinença d'una persona a una ètnia. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="El_concepte">El concepte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la secció: El concepte"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="plainlinks ambox ambox-content" style="" data-severity="2"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image" style="width: 52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Crystal128-pipe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Crystal128-pipe.svg/25px-Crystal128-pipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Crystal128-pipe.svg/38px-Crystal128-pipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Crystal128-pipe.svg/50px-Crystal128-pipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></td> <td class="mbox-text" style=""> <div class="mbox-text-span">Aquest article o secció no <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Citau_les_fonts" title="Viquipèdia:Citau les fonts">cita les fonts</a> o necessita més referències per a la seva <a href="/wiki/VP:VER" class="mw-redirect" title="VP:VER">verificabilitat</a>.</div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>Malgrat que el concepte «ètnia» es refereix a una de les unitats d'estudi bàsic de l'<a href="/wiki/Antropologia" title="Antropologia">antropologia</a>, fins a la fi de la dècada de 1980 no començaren a sorgir preguntes explícites sobre el seu contingut i les seves implicacions. Paral·lelament, es discuteix l'aproximació monogràfica amb la qual el terme està relacionat. Per contra, i a causa de les implicacions polítiques que conté, la idea d'etnicitat conté abundant literatura. No obstant això, la relació entre ètnia i etnicitat dista de ser simple, tant en el pla de la teoria com el dels fets. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Història_i_tradicions"><span id="Hist.C3.B2ria_i_tradicions"></span>Història i tradicions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Història i tradicions"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'expressió <i>ètnia</i> fou, durant molt de temps, d'ús exclusivament <a href="/wiki/Catolicisme" title="Catolicisme">eclesiàstic</a>. En el marc d'una cosmovisió <a href="/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme">cristiana</a>, el món es divideix entre els pobles cristians i els <a href="/wiki/Paganisme" title="Paganisme">pagans</a> o «gentils». A partir del segle&#160;<span title="Nombre&#160;escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xix</span>, aquests últims són denominats <i>«</i>races» o «<a href="/wiki/Tribu_(antropologia)" title="Tribu (antropologia)">tribus»</a>, tot i que la ciència encarregada de la seva descripció des de finals del segle&#160;<span title="Nombre&#160;escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xviii</span> és l'<a href="/wiki/Etnologia" title="Etnologia">etnologia</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> o <a href="/wiki/Etnografia" title="Etnografia">l'etnografia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A principis del segle&#160;<span title="Nombre&#160;escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xx</span>, aquests termes són substituïts progressivament per diversos <a href="/wiki/Neologisme" title="Neologisme">neologismes</a>, com el <a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A8s" title="Francès">francès</a> <i>ethnie,</i> reinventat per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vacher_de_Lapouge&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vacher de Lapouge (encara no existeix)">Vacher de Lapouge</a> l'any 1986, o els neologismes <a href="/wiki/Alemanys" title="Alemanys">alemanys</a> <i>ethnicum</i> i <i>ethnikos</i> (d'inspiració <a href="/wiki/Llat%C3%AD" title="Llatí">llatina</a> i <a href="/wiki/Grec" title="Grec">grega</a>, respectivament). Tanmateix, el concepte continua connotant diferència i oposició en els <a href="/wiki/Estat_Occidental" title="Estat Occidental">estats occidentals</a> «<a href="/wiki/Civilitzaci%C3%B3" title="Civilització">civilitzats»</a>, al mateix temps que permet assenyalar i «ordenar» les poblacions conquerides per la <a href="/wiki/Colonialisme" title="Colonialisme">colonització</a>, les fracciona i les delimita en definicions territorials i cultures unívoques. </p><p>Els criteris definitoris d'ètnia varien en funció de cada estat i tradició acadèmica. Així, mentre que als països <a href="/wiki/Eslaus" title="Eslaus">eslaus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Europa_del_Nord" title="Europa del Nord">Europa del Nord</a> i <a href="/wiki/Alemanya" title="Alemanya">Alemanya</a> posen l'accent en el sentiment de pertinença a una col·lectivitat, a França el criteri determinant és la comunitat <a href="/wiki/Ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica" title="Lingüística">lingüística</a>. El que no varia és la idea d'una essència cultural quasi natural i immutable, ni la concepció naturalista i reïficadora de la condició humana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recerca_sobre_les_definicions">Recerca sobre les definicions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Recerca sobre les definicions"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aquesta visió substantivista, que fa de cada ètnia una entitat discreta dotada d'una cultura, una llengua i una psicologia específica, dominarà durant molt de temps l'antropologia.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Serà <a href="/wiki/Antrop%C3%B2leg" title="Antropòleg">l'antropòleg</a> noruec F. Barth qui, amb la publicació de l'obra <i>Ethic Groups and Boundaries</i> (1969; trad. al castellà: <i>Los grupos étnicos y sus fronteras</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> enceta la revisió crítica d'aquest concepte. En aquest assaig, Barth se centra en el procés de configuració dels límits dels grups ètnics i els seus efectes en els seus trets culturals, més que en la constitució interna dels grups. L'antropòleg mostrarà que l'ètnia és, abans de res, una categoria d'adscripció la continuïtat de la qual depèn del manteniment d'una <a href="/wiki/Frontera" title="Frontera">frontera</a>, i per això mateix, d'una codificació constantment renovada de les diferències culturals entre grups <a href="/wiki/Ve%C3%AFnat" title="Veïnat">veïns</a>. </p><p>L'adopció de la perspectiva històrica en antropologia permet allunyar-se de la concepció substantivista d'ètnia i posar l'accent en els mecanismes d'«etnificació». Fruit d'aquesta revisió crítica, especialment els africanistes han pres consciència que moltes ètnies categoritzades de «tradicionals» són creacions colonials sorgides d'un abús d'autoritarisme. D'aquesta manera el concepte «ètnia» remet a processos de dominació política, econòmica i ideològica d'un grup sobre un altre. </p><p>Les ètnies s'han convertit en subjectes, reprenent en molts caos per voluntat pròpia —sigui per efecte <a href="/wiki/Dial%C3%A8ctica" title="Dialèctica">dialèctic</a> o perquè no poden expressar d'altra manera les seves reivindicacions econòmiques i polítiques— el discurs etnicista (o indigenista) utilitzat al mateix temps pels dominants. Avui, en molts casos i per múltiples raons —acceleració de l'emigració urbana, fracàs de la lluita de classes, revisió d'alguns aspectes de la ideologia nacional o nacionalista—, l'etnicitat s'ha convertit en un valor positiu d'identitat. </p><p>L'anàlisi d'aquests fenòmens provoca intensos debats entre els antropòlegs. Per a alguns, les ideologies «etnicistes» només serveixen per empresonar les minories en l'arcaisme. Altres, més sensibles als valors del pluralisme cultural, veuen en aquesta una interessant reserva d'alternatives ideològiques, en la mesura en què la definició d'etnicitat està ja forjada des de l'interior, en lloc de venir atribuïda des de fora.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Segons siga més o menys àmplia la definició d'ètnia, pot implicar les <a href="/wiki/Demografia" title="Demografia">demografies</a> per ètnia per territori, suposant un origen de controvèrsia especialment notable a l'hora de mesurar la varietat ètnica en territoris on les mescles són freqüents.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classificació"><span id="Classificaci.C3.B3"></span>Classificació</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Classificació"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Entre els principals grups de pobles s'inclouen: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td width="33%"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ind%C3%ADgenes_australians" title="Indígenes australians">Pobles aborígens australians</a>*</li> <li>Pobles afroasiàtics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semites" title="Semites">Pobles semites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%80rabs" title="Àrabs">Poble àrab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jueus" title="Jueus">Poble jueu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazics" title="Amazics">Pobles berbers</a></li> <li>Pobles xàdics</li> <li>Pobles cusitas</li> <li>Pobles egipcis</li> <li>Pobles omòtics</li></ul></li> <li>Pobles altaics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Pobles mongols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungusos" title="Tungusos">Pobles tungusos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pobles_turquesos" class="mw-redirect" title="Pobles turquesos">Pobles turquesos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pobles_ind%C3%ADgenes_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Pobles indígenes d&#39;Amèrica">Pobles amerindis</a>* <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guaran%C3%ADs" title="Guaranís">Pobles guaranís</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxues" title="Quítxues">Pobles Quítxues</a>*</li></ul></li> <li>Pobles <a href="/wiki/Andamanesos" title="Andamanesos">andamanesos</a>*</li> <li>Pobles austroasiàtics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pobles_austron%C3%A8sics" title="Pobles austronèsics">Pobles austronèsics</a></li> <li>Pobles caucàsics</li> <li>Pobles chucoto-camchatcos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pobles_dravidians" title="Pobles dravidians">Pobles dravidians</a></li> <li>Pobles esquimoaleutians</li> <li>Pobles hurritourartians</li></ul> </td> <td width="33%"> <ul><li>Pobles indoeuropeus <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanesos" title="Albanesos">Poble albanès</a></li> <li>Poble eslovè</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenis" title="Armenis">Pobles armenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A0ltics" title="Bàltics">Pobles bàltics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtes" title="Celtes">Pobles cèltics</a> +</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitanos" title="Gitanos">Poblo gitano</a></li> <li>Pobles dacis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magiars" title="Magiars">Poble magiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eslaus" title="Eslaus">Pobles eslaus</a></li> <li>Pobles frigis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germ%C3%A0nics" title="Germànics">Pobles germànics</a> +</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribus_gregues" title="Tribus gregues">Pobles hel·lènics</a> +</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibers" title="Ibers">Pobles ibers</a> +</li> <li>Pobles indoiranians</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pobles_antics_d%27It%C3%A0lia" title="Pobles antics d&#39;Itàlia">Pobles itàlics</a> +</li> <li>Pobles nenètics</li> <li>Pobles tocaries +</li> <li>Pobles tracis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoaris" title="Indoaris">Pobles indoaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A0nics" title="Irànics">Pobles irànics</a></li> <li>Pobles anatòlics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il%C2%B7liris" title="Il·liris">Pobles il·liris</a> +</li> <li>Pobles lusitans +</li> <li>Pobles peonis +</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San" title="San">Pobles san</a></li> <li>Pobles na-dené</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses" title="Perses">Poble persa</a> +</li></ul> </td> <td width="33%"> <ul><li>Pobles níger-congo <ul><li>Pobles atlàntics</li> <li>Pobles cordofans</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogon" title="Dogon">Pobles dogon</a></li> <li>Pobles ijoi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandenk%C3%A0s" title="Mandenkàs">Mandenkàs</a></li> <li>Pobles Volta-Congo <ul><li>Pobles Adamawa-Ubangi</li> <li>Pobles Benue-Congo <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantu">Pobles bantus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iorubes" title="Iorubes">Pobles yoruba</a></li></ul></li> <li>Pobles gur</li> <li>Pobles kru</li> <li>Pobles kwa</li> <li>Pobles senufos</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Pobles nilosaharians</li> <li>Pobles paleosiberians</li> <li>Pobles papúes</li> <li>Pobles sinotibetans <ul><li>Pobles birmanotibetans</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%88tnies_de_la_Xina" title="Ètnies de la Xina">Ètnies xineses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tais" title="Tais">Pobles tai-kadai</a></li> <li>Pobles tirsènics</li> <li>Pobles uràlics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds" title="Kurds">Poble kurd</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>+ = extint </p><p>* = en perill d'extinció </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist &#123;&#123;#if: &#124; references-column-count references-column-count-&#123;&#123;&#123;col&#125;&#125;&#125;" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diccionari.cat/lexicx.jsp?GECART=0060232">ètnia</a>».&#32; Enciclopèdia catalana, SAU.&#32;[Consulta: 16 abril 2016].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia.cat/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/0106992.xml">Ètnia</a>».&#32;<i><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</a></i>.&#32; Barcelona:&#32; <a href="/wiki/Grup_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" class="mw-redirect" title="Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana">Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gdlc-e00165742.xml">etnicitat</a>».&#32;<i>Gran Diccionari de la llengua catalana</i>.&#32;[Consulta: 19 octubre 2020].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFHaller2011"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Haller</span>, Dieter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=rgrZbgEjIdkC&amp;pg=PA11&amp;dq=etnologia+ci%C3%A8ncia&amp;hl=ca&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiagqGKsJH1AhVQQBoKHWsjAXgQ6AF6BAgKEAI#v=onepage&amp;q=etnologia%20ci%C3%A8ncia&amp;f=false"><i>Atlas de etnología</i></a>&#32;(en castellà).&#32; Ediciones AKAL,&#32;2011,&#32;p.&#160;11. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/8446025809" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/8446025809">ISBN 8446025809</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Atlas+de+etnolog%C3%ADa&amp;rft.aulast=Haller&amp;rft.aufirst=Dieter&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.pub=Ediciones+AKAL&amp;rft.pages=11&amp;rft.isbn=8446025809&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrgrZbgEjIdkC%26pg%3DPA11%26dq%3Detnologia%2Bci%25C3%25A8ncia%26hl%3Dca%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwiagqGKsJH1AhVQQBoKHWsjAXgQ6AF6BAgKEAI%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Detnologia%2520ci%25C3%25A8ncia%26f%3Dfalse"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFHeider2001"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Heider</span>, Karl.&#32;«cap.1,2». A: <i>Seeing Anthropology</i>&#32;(en anglès).&#32; Prentice Hall,&#32;2001.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Seeing+Anthropology&amp;rft.atitle=cap.1%2C2&amp;rft.aulast=Heider&amp;rft.aufirst=Karl&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.pub=Prentice+Hall"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1">6,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <i>Diccionario de Etnología y Antropología</i>. Primera.&#32; Madrid, España:&#32;Akal,&#32;1996,&#32;p.&#160;259. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/84-460-0451-8" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/84-460-0451-8">ISBN 84-460-0451-8</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Diccionario+de+Etnolog%C3%ADa+y+Antropolog%C3%ADa&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.edition=Primera&amp;rft.pub=Akal&amp;rft.place=Madrid%2C+Espa%C3%B1a&amp;rft.pages=259&amp;rft.isbn=84-460-0451-8"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBarth1976"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Barth</span>, Fredrik. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cedet.edu.ar/archivos/Bibliotecas_Archivos/id40/Barth-Los-grupos-etnicos-y-sus-fronteras.pdf"><i>Los grupos étnicos y sus fronteras. La organización social de las diferencias culturales.</i></a>. Primera edició en espanyol.&#32; Mèxic:&#32;Fondo de cultura económica,&#32;1976&#32;[Consulta: 16 abril 2016].</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Los+grupos+%C3%A9tnicos+y+sus+fronteras.+La+organizaci%C3%B3n+social+de+las+diferencias+culturales.&amp;rft.aulast=Barth&amp;rft.aufirst=Fredrik&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft.edition=Primera+edici%C3%B3+en+espanyol&amp;rft.pub=Fondo+de+cultura+econ%C3%B3mica&amp;rft.place=M%C3%A8xic&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cedet.edu.ar%2Farchivos%2FBibliotecas_Archivos%2Fid40%2FBarth-Los-grupos-etnicos-y-sus-fronteras.pdf"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160427110626/http://www.cedet.edu.ar/archivos/Bibliotecas_Archivos/id40/Barth-Los-grupos-etnicos-y-sus-fronteras.pdf">Arxivat</a> 2016-04-27 a <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFYglesias2018"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Yglesias</span>, Matthew&#32;«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/5/2/17305402/majority-minority-demographic-forecast">Study: overhyped media narratives about America’s fading white majority fuel anxiety</a>».&#32;<i>Vox</i>,&#32;02-05-2018&#32;[Consulta: 19 maig 2018].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%88tnia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antropologia" title="Antropologia">Antropologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnologia" title="Etnologia">Etnologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%88tnies_de_la_Xina" title="Ètnies de la Xina">Ètnies de la Xina</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ethnic groups">Ètnia</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d&#39;autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11939090f">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" 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class="new" title="Etnogeologia (encara no existeix)">Etnogeologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnografia" title="Etnografia">Etnografia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnoling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica" title="Etnolingüística">Etnolingüística</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnologia" title="Etnologia">Etnologia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etnomatem%C3%A0tica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Etnomatemàtica (encara no existeix)">Etnomatemàtica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnomusicologia" title="Etnomusicologia">Etnomusicologia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etnopoesia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Etnopoesia (encara no existeix)">Etnopoesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etnoci%C3%A8ncia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Etnociència (encara no existeix)">Etnociència</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etnotaxonomia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Etnotaxonomia (encara no 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27%C3%80frica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Àfrica (encara no existeix)">Àfrica</a></li><li>Europa</li><li>Oceania</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demografia_de_la_Lliga_%C3%80rab&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Demografia de la Lliga Àrab (encara no existeix)">Lliga Àrab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27Europa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Europa (encara no existeix)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27Austr%C3%A0lia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Austràlia (encara no existeix)">Austràlia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pobles_ind%C3%ADgenes_d%27Austr%C3%A0lia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pobles indígenes d&#39;Austràlia">indígenes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pobles_ind%C3%ADgenes_d%27Oceania&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pobles indígenes d&#39;Oceania (encara no existeix)">Indígenes oceànics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europeus_a_Oceania&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Europeus a Oceania (encara no existeix)">Europeus a Oceania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Amèrica</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pobles_ind%C3%ADgenes_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Pobles indígenes d&#39;Amèrica">Indígenes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Or%C3%ADgens_%C3%A8tnics_de_la_poblaci%C3%B3_de_Canad%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Orígens ètnics de la població de Canadà (encara no existeix)">Canadà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demografia_de_M%C3%A8xic#Grups_ètnics" title="Demografia de Mèxic">Mèxic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ra%C3%A7a_i_etnicitat_als_Estats_Units&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Raça i etnicitat als Estats Units (encara no existeix)">Estats Units</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27Am%C3%A8rica_Central&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Amèrica Central (encara no existeix)">Amèrica Central</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27Am%C3%A8rica_del_Sud&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Amèrica del Sud (encara no existeix)">Amèrica del Sud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27%C3%80sia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Àsia (encara no existeix)">Àsia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27%C3%80sia_Central&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Àsia Central (encara no existeix)">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27%C3%80sia_Oriental&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Àsia Oriental (encara no existeix)">Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pobles_ind%C3%ADgenes_de_Siberia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pobles indígenes de Siberia (encara no existeix)">Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27%C3%80sia_Meridional&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Àsia Meridional (encara no existeix)">Sud</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27%C3%80sia_Sudoriental&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Àsia Sudoriental (encara no existeix)">Sud-est</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grups_%C3%A8tnics_d%27%C3%80sia_Sudoccidental&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grups ètnics d&#39;Àsia Sudoccidental (encara no existeix)">Oest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Identitat_personal" title="Identitat personal">Identitat</a> i<br /> <a href="/wiki/Etnog%C3%A8nesi" title="Etnogènesi">Etnogènesi</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biaix_interracial" title="Biaix interracial">Biaix interracial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assimilaci%C3%B3_cultural" title="Assimilació cultural">Assimilació cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Identitat_cultural&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Identitat cultural (encara no existeix)">Identitat cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentilici" title="Gentilici">Gentilici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex%C3%B2nim" title="Exònim">Exònim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banderes_%C3%A8tniques" title="Banderes ètniques">Banderes ètniques</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religi%C3%B3_%C3%A8tnica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Religió ètnica (encara no existeix)">Religió ètnica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comunitats_imaginades&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Comunitats imaginades (encara no existeix)">Comunitats imaginades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parentiu" title="Parentiu">Parentiu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Societat_lligada_per_llinatge&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Societat lligada per llinatge (encara no existeix)">Societat lligada per llinatge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mores" title="Mores">Mores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mite_fundacional" title="Mite fundacional">Mite fundacional</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Construcci%C3%B3_nacional&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Construcció nacional (encara no existeix)">Construcció nacional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estat_naci%C3%B3" title="Estat nació">Estat nació</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llengua_nacional" title="Llengua nacional">Llengua nacional</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mite_nacional&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mite nacional (encara no existeix)">Mite nacional</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cofraries_pantribals&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cofraries pantribals (encara no existeix)">Cofraries pantribals</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nom_tribal&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nom tribal (encara no existeix)">Nom tribal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribalisme" title="Tribalisme">Tribalisme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Societat_multi%C3%A8tnica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Societat multiètnica (encara no existeix)">Societat multiètnica</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consociativisme" title="Consociativisme">Consociativisme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Di%C3%A0spora_pol%C3%ADtica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Diàspora política (encara no existeix)">Diàspora política</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minoria_dominant&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Minoria dominant (encara no existeix)">Minoria dominant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democr%C3%A0cia_%C3%A8tnica" title="Democràcia ètnica">Democràcia ètnica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grup_d%27inter%C3%A8s_%C3%A8tnic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grup d&#39;interès ètnic (encara no existeix)">Grup d'interès ètnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnocr%C3%A0cia" title="Etnocràcia">Etnocràcia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etnopluralisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Etnopluralisme (encara no existeix)">Etnopluralisme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drets_del_pobles_ind%C3%ADgenes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Drets del pobles indígenes (encara no existeix)">Drets indígenes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drets_de_les_minories&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Drets de les minories (encara no existeix)">Drets de les minories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estat_multinacional" title="Estat multinacional">Estat multinacional</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ideologia i<br /><a href="/wiki/Conflicte_%C3%A8tnic" title="Conflicte ètnic">Conflicte ètnic</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genocidi_cultural" title="Genocidi cultural">Genocidi cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neteja_%C3%A8tnica" title="Neteja ètnica">Neteja ètnica</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Llista_de_neteges_%C3%A8tniques&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Llista de neteges ètniques (encara no existeix)">llista</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odi_%C3%A8tnic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Odi ètnic (encara no existeix)">Odi ètnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacionalisme_%C3%A8tnic" title="Nacionalisme ètnic">Nacionalisme ètnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepotisme_%C3%A8tnic" title="Nepotisme ètnic">Nepotisme ètnic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estereotip_%C3%A8tnic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Estereotip ètnic (encara no existeix)">Estereotip ètnic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viol%C3%A8ncia_%C3%A8tnica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Violència ètnica (encara no existeix)">Violència ètnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnocentrisme" title="Etnocentrisme">Etnocentrisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etnocidi" title="Etnocidi">Etnocidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocidi" title="Genocidi">Genocidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenisme" title="Indigenisme">Indigenisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llista_de_moviments_independentistes" title="Llista de moviments independentistes">Moviments separatistes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenof%C3%B2bia" 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