CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9133cbde78933f7d',cH: '0e9JxNCkZc7JOA1LfwoMHf.9AGP_gVJy0Vo7QXa78Fs-1739774535-1.2.1.1-lR.8hhki5sIO_QnoCPyCvgg8KXLDmyvupyIOydMyhMGCUEnrlS5qR.YCj0Fv69t1',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=slot&__cf_chl_tk=5_9gG__0a26oPDXhscykWdw_gvmG2NY9lEnQQRHZv8Y-1739774535-1.0.1.1-XXlzS2l.N46dYyE1eKqfA1Sjcqzekh6WtT0BHchUhHw",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739774535',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=slot&__cf_chl_f_tk=5_9gG__0a26oPDXhscykWdw_gvmG2NY9lEnQQRHZv8Y-1739774535-1.0.1.1-XXlzS2l.N46dYyE1eKqfA1Sjcqzekh6WtT0BHchUhHw",md: "z7oM_ZMeaUzwRZjknBKIbJTQubSMQ0wN0NHO_5zAcWQ-1739774535-1.2.1.1-gQ.uXg1AYp9tJkpUJHD0xt9Y1IvC5rH4Ckoq_vh2jirrC0JLLYss1GyH2bI0MCYz89LWvxq3WqFs2x9Dbf7eo3nkvMlJ2ahhJsXVUOFTFX1wVzS2Ah9jTe6t6B.aaD2f86VmLjF14HVHcu_A09IPO7.ae1A3K7nmDpp6L.FiE2Y1FribTCaBdmrwxzaw7S7O9ms4GQNQAI7uYVBkezyt_l8LGZMb0GaDcf.VdMguDukHomuE_8HucAMahTes2qzKoHfjq1P03FOtwCjIdv25VdQ4LGwjSzV.zNxOvZ76.ytONjdndNfBHil5cPG8c1JM7HUkZG3KTdftxf6HkcoDTBomjXptr4I42N9sSsdMCp4zIuIAP44cPdMr1llYdgJOm60cSLBeCqst83ToyODqsFbMBTKnuuOiXpL1zaRjVcZiw4B5CZqMWqZOhLPuhxbOdZXZN20HS92fLrYyvqzFH6iqHnGWE5zQ5xnyohE_QIGivVt_n7rch9aNVMy.fUMBuVaj7R1N3OFQUUl19P0CiRaMFwtpaQn0kU7aRqwj3m1baLtj37ixQas5gvozbDqJLCl_ntxhYp6cS_JDfN8tA6R7Olli3ldPSWPyniLigbIkd8eNyhWeIhS5SPxubWaKbfKAQmTP9KdmDvxlY_kBnmvKTeiUVsawzypgJp5LKu..VixCE4OonyF1xXhbeoi8YByodRNWpIBRXM76b3b.iZsV1QEWYNCP4WzY36gKLkHHCMpAcCGyFswDdDegDVwIb20xRaUvWeagChknoNXybC2O76StvGV_jqvlmRri.VdBsDJ6soVoRaM8M2L6g1wDTiuwkbLyc7MX9Jfx8uoDwsS8ILkmdrFzrVPTItd2rDW71X.ZvTnPddQNumtgeneyiyJTPYGAA2uOGp9CXx6d.K6ZhfjSe4qeU9qVUQY8LysgxCSJZeFGVHXB7j72RRpzauPNrdBrP_D6pQiSHbqJXhn.1F0r_1GUoWXhEmIG3EaGQPk5co6vXpcy6NpMAMUxjceSqO3.jddpChRwaz5NQZEFcURNGfu835p8bZNiyGU8g6G8ktg2mRewkHRFtO68Y3BC61Sxrt9yKUzzzcnI3w9mGyyE_MI7s7V0cUBePw0Lr0nAo2uHoomD2qgBA0i0NDqx.yFda.DTCRgp_aR1dUybQXPsYAmdGA39wIILXRoTRf1TkbMBmYj6L0K.BNE5UVOVgv_vS.e2aHptk50Ul7OTfpxO7mgAv9n3EoyHtWUpGtviUKcxDtxYW8xlPiCf4Bc.xaMp459zjA2nVzUQMJvgjVofAUYD1jHBQFH.92UYG3.Uuv6TPy3g_p3hj4aEIRWyD5pVQVaAWxQ6WOn_T4zMaZZSd90kYADLXIuNTrdnRKBy2.NbboTP3CHrYANCZmvEqiBFJs2ZxM2UeNtcz4_G.QJD9lgihSquomIN.VVM0CuMml8XLhG4ceGeRdc9nozh_j5augJ7MPM_mY5d5kAHCJyB.EolAaHtxyug2E1C1L0i5TVAUE7VbXDaaqVUBEMz5LtbgHOP9kltMpRF3E3nq0NX7PWTRh8eWSFg5rfG7nDTg_ZAXDG7t8TLeNdgI22lZmN.Q.B5dhhOGvKpckH5qjgPbTht1QIq3zx_7Cue6aR7bUN06iRCRCeikRRSvcM897WFH96LlUfDQ5lGnPev2WvMn_eU6jJx5Xb.Nm.ZgmfXeeidpeC2ZDRLN0EHjB4N9ucDJQ_n2gF9xmMQ6XSFI7QXEVyc164y5P1xuDMBFPSxeoCIuGLdtpm99M2rjTKv5gDkyZcH3nWbWRphbXI2aqjjT4AxihbWYV8iXn_IVAMIbGwHazrGsA8wrX.EgZoS9rSmEQOuCnreoAxUU0mbcg5u20O_TnvT1_r6LhpKNPvnA590IPz4Je3U5cv3",mdrd: "PuGC1pqw_F8PoaoEkI4eZp_WpSal450BTOpDdZE56JE-1739774535-1.2.1.1-4fsxs48c1BDNcxA5dFYw4DxE9L1IrWH0X9i9hB4OYeKDMKnbQbGeW2cAR_2eZAa50Ai_XcP2jhiEdfXBNCD1d_PvnJZNp5AXz5QFW3uqFCmXr4a721t13tdL9_Vi1bBLmT7HfIwclxjUoN79QQPqiAoF6y7529K8nFrWf2xUs2nF.g9jI6cjY6uKPHH.30jZITQC.x02MjKWqzj8vEtct1OKrFJtNYSroArS9yl6u7PrxtTp1QTCwXZLnEFQ.p15sodViAC_3Vl7FP6LYDD.cHlK01xHt5nq1QsZX_R0togPHGupoRd60_jSEb.uQrLhWC1PIrqS752EDRsidID1Hm1aV4r8ihbP4Nza42eC1.WMORrYYD6HWPGZp5VmQwfTSgdQw6YWkxkW6R6Z1Rn.iBSf9br7TfQPK9cCEfOcUWkrvfXgJIw1E25q4B4gztmqswroLrxb0yiMxirNt8HV910sPGDoDrklkjh7vl2N_NhxeJ5odPhSbsuyZx9CFFKxrdVuzFhOT0UW1GQUyODt5ANGPo14qpLx6L4PBWR6qp451IVyxBC6f_8.gR6A30QZzK4cQWYdfSn31gk345OpAy7JfDD4zHGuFwVYD.Ug6SEsIJKFATRjOPN.sGIKt6vbtcbUtigaJ7yoIib27D8YYkTO6Ysi61TzO0mXt.FMP_TebmV_aKc5wAIjUltTb41RcoGMqHUzyKncpP9lOi_6.FUe.nwgheVJbE59EyVyb6H5VrETJhO1NHrhbADNM6SiTqpFioL84kTc0oPN1QVX85MJfVVvO.G8ZIFiEXooF8UupHuR5AdgAFeO4wHzenBsRsQ2fiV8oICr5rWl0o5jG8ZSQ8FYS2l6TG_NjXurUpcNwDzhoD7H4eCo5FKv1_zrQd64qm.dM1_EbMCLode.dpmTP_uAo0hQPlGjdkRQWbdO6hy.hAtsf9QI2KsUxzkejxZJ5_RDcx8Vocm0pfiqLZftQ_pCMjxybF.dSWvNNGcfSfjyLrD7G02eFED5z3EKFsQJB31H6mxMyhx5ZUG3rW4eZYEi_CcycV2UUHoel59a9Nu2zWZgn8cildPlUki2_aMFGzhzVoPjBQw_ASYcOr3GqJ31HRVy_afGhzvuBGjkPuVxpOpGGAn_R_Z_CrbpguL4GisZG4PgeeQbd6U5.aJa19bkxZcqWX71rWFoSAiGbcrAQ0HTBtCiCC6QQptXjT00JqxjFbC0LjeSKyqU5dcRpZV97ve9xzYJ4DEiIQJAU5.MZos7aDq3E2keSIn0VybQEEyHiIBrZXS27TJpNeHMKiilbB0tuCpBSkZutY.caNcGQVQWYZh0vaXhAektxsYCawk2St8q2NmIB6gppoL_6peoHQCVxQi4lRYYlTwyKq3JhT0zOWaeUretd6lvD1PakKjt3R9KRDjFbsKsLVqucgVzfsTGuK.839_qx8FqzGmRHz.vcOK_Y8VA.w4A7jx.MPvqk_KDYAycwvs2RGBSykMqD7CgTrcxu2fYQZrr0dnG_kura3RlfznbrXOP3oR6iDPRRpbIjME90__V467UVENB234Jx_ESIxB8Z5tKMA9HTO43Ajw7iI5IwG7y.pvkxV2bSOhRe0rdxpMmiSs9NiljST8e9aLy2td7eihJDx9tsnZ0050g.d584ljqQUStvrZQWCCFDuQXDoCS.KgdgqJXRDJSkamBwus7h39NZMhOWCd7joD.dcJjoDDE1XthcsyWGd0CidFrzyNd4pqxNgtJq5Rk9tRCrVxzCPOCaCAxA8DkdqFzoWs8BZcF1F4TJ2lMCNXwFZZw5ZPBQL9T9ZQ2T1gVcieLgz0g5MH97OzqA9dOA4gNXOw7b4GCAirOJznWE6jiMScw3OtQOZWfW0WLB6Z2gc17pwaK_DEgmrDjwfng20xJrEf4XqJauH8kdAIU0KC8TT.4w.JOj6DF.eh7nK4bgw6G2U0Q_1QUtXlPSxHXRNrDyv_7zYV4_I17RNCdCdHD2d34uoGLUFgKqhtOA8WRmYXL76e6wzY"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9133cbde78933f7d';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=slot&__cf_chl_rt_tk=5_9gG__0a26oPDXhscykWdw_gvmG2NY9lEnQQRHZv8Y-1739774535-1.0.1.1-XXlzS2l.N46dYyE1eKqfA1Sjcqzekh6WtT0BHchUhHw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>