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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Second-level domains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second-level_domains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">.рф</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 57 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%84" title=".рф – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title=".рф" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">.рф</span></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB.%D1%80%D1%84%C2%BB.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB.%D1%80%D1%84%C2%BB.svg/175px-%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB.%D1%80%D1%84%C2%BB.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB.%D1%80%D1%84%C2%BB.svg/263px-%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB.%D1%80%D1%84%C2%BB.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB.%D1%80%D1%84%C2%BB.svg/350px-%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB.%D1%80%D1%84%C2%BB.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduced</th><td class="infobox-data">13 May 2010<span class="noprint">; 14 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2010-05-13</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Top-level_domain" title="Top-level domain">TLD</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Internationalized_country_code_top-level_domain" title="Internationalized country code top-level domain">Internationalised</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a>) <a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">country code top-level domain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Domain_name_registry" title="Domain name registry">Registry</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Coordination_Center_for_TLD_RU" title="Coordination Center for TLD RU">Coordination Center for TLD RU/РФ</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Intended use</th><td class="infobox-data">Entities connected with <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Actual use</th><td class="infobox-data">Active / Limited registration</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registered domains</th><td class="infobox-data">900,058 (February 2016)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration restrictions</th><td class="infobox-data">Intended for <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a> domain names only.<sup id="cite_ref-RBC_2007-12-25_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RBC_2007-12-25-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">DNS name</th><td class="infobox-data">xn--p1ai</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/DNSSEC" class="mw-redirect" title="DNSSEC">DNSSEC</a></th><td class="infobox-data">no</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registry website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://кц.рф"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">кц.рф</span></span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The domain name <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;"><b>.рф</b></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a> as <i><b>.rf</b></i>; abbreviation of <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Росси́йская Федера́ция</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Rossíyskaya Federátsiya</i></span>) is the <a href="/wiki/Internationalized_country_code_top-level_domain" title="Internationalized country code top-level domain">Cyrillic country code top-level domain</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian Federation</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System">Domain Name System</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. In the Domain Name System it has the <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> DNS name <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">xn--p1ai</span>. The domain accepts only <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a> subdomain applications, and is the first Cyrillic implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Internationalized_domain_name" title="Internationalized domain name">Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications</a> (IDNA) system. The domain became operational on 13 May 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-rferl.org_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rferl.org-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2014<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> it is the most used internationalized country code top-level domain, with around 900,000 domain names.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Character_set">Character set</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Character set"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic letters</a> <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">ру</span></span> stand for: <span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">Российская Федерация</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Rossijskaja Federacija / Rossiyskaya Federatsiya</i></span>, or the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a>. The domain has an <a href="/wiki/Internationalized_domain_names" class="mw-redirect" title="Internationalized domain names">ASCII representation</a> of <code>xn--p1ai</code> derived as <a href="/wiki/Punycode" title="Punycode">Punycode</a> for use in the <a href="/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System">Domain Name System</a>. </p><p>The domain is intended for Internet resources with names in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a> using Cyrillic.<sup id="cite_ref-RBC_2007-12-25_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RBC_2007-12-25-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A principle in the approval process of ICANN Generic Names Supporting Organization (GNSO) states that Cyrillic two-character top-level domains should not exclusively use characters that could be confused with Latin characters of identical or similar shapes—not just those containing the seven letters <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90" class="mw-redirect" title="А">а</a></i></span>, <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95" class="mw-redirect" title="Е">е</a></i></span>, <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="О">о</a></i></span>, <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Р">р</a></i></span>, <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="С">с</a></i></span>, <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="У">у</a></i></span> and <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="Х">х</a></i></span>, but originally also proposed ccTLDs such as <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg"><a href="/wiki/.%D0%B1%D0%B3" title=".бг">.бг</a></span></span> (Bulgaria) due to its visual similarity to <a href="/wiki/.br" title=".br">.br</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-GNSO_22_June_2008_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNSO_22_June_2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although in 2016 the top-level domain <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">.бг</span></span> was launched. As such, GNSO sought to avoid the direct transcription of "ru" into Cyrillic, "<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">ру</span></span>",<sup id="cite_ref-internet_control_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-internet_control-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and common abbreviations for <i>Russia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Россия</span>), such as "<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">ро</span></span>", in order to avoid confusion with the Latin ccTLDs <a href="/wiki/.py" title=".py">.py</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a>) and .po (currently<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> unassigned). In English sources <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">.рф</span></span> can be romanized as .rf, but the latter is not a valid domain for Russia. Later, other countries have won approval of two or three letter Cyrillic ccTLDs such as <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80" title=".укр">.укр</a></span></span>, <span title="Serbian-language text"><span lang="sr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B1" title=".срб">.срб</a></span></span>, <span title="Mongolian-language text"><span lang="mn" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title=".мон">.мон</a></span></span>, <span title="Kazakh-language text"><span lang="kk" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7" title=".қаз">.қаз</a></span></span>, <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title=".бел">.бел</a></span></span>, <span title="Macedonian-language text"><span lang="mk" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B4" title=".мкд">.мкд</a></span></span> and <span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg"><a href="/wiki/.%D0%B1%D0%B3" title=".бг">.бг</a></span></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_preparations">Early preparations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early preparations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The preparation, development, and technical testing of the domain started in 2007 by registrar RU Center.<sup id="cite_ref-ccTLD_2007-12-24_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccTLD_2007-12-24-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The domain delegation process started in November 2009 as an application to ICANN under the new Fast Track IDN ccTLD process. The domain is expected to be launched in 2010. In preparation for a launch, RU Center opened a <i>sunrise</i> registration period for Russian trademark owners from 25 November 2009 to 25 March 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General public registrations are planned starting 20 April 2010 through June 2010 using a <a href="/wiki/Dutch_auction" title="Dutch auction">Dutch auction</a> process, and at a fixed price beginning in July 2010. </p><p>In January 2010 ICANN announced that the domain was one of the first four new non-Latin ccTLDs to have passed the Fast Track String Evaluation within the domain application process.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a press release in December 2007, Alexei Lesnikov of <a href="/w/index.php?title=RU-Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RU-Center (page does not exist)">RU-Center</a> suggested that an auction for domain names could be highly successful, as was the case with a similar domain name auction on the <a href="/wiki/.su" title=".su">.su</a> <a href="/wiki/CcTLD" class="mw-redirect" title="CcTLD">ccTLD</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RBC_2007-12-25_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RBC_2007-12-25-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With comparisons being made with an equivalent <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">Chinese</a> TLD of <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title=".中国">.中国</a></span></span>, it was anticipated that take-up of a Russian Cyrillic TLD could outstrip demand for the <a href="/wiki/Latin_alphabet" title="Latin alphabet">Latin alphabet</a> equivalent, <a href="/wiki/.ru" title=".ru">.ru</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RBC_2007-12-25_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RBC_2007-12-25-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2014<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> however, .ru has five times as many registrations as <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">.рф</span></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_use">First use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: First use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The top-level domain became operational on the Internet on 13 May 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-rferl.org_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rferl.org-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first two accessible sites were <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">президент.рф</span></span> (<i>president</i>) and <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">правительство.рф</span></span> (<i>government</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-RBC_2010-05-13_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RBC_2010-05-13-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_domains">Related domains</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Related domains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The traditional <a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">country code top-level domain</a> (ccTLD) for Russia, based on the ISO country codes, is <a href="/wiki/.ru" title=".ru"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">ru</span></a>. There is no direct mapping of subdomains between <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">рф</span></span> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">ru</span>, they are independent domains hosting potentially different resources. However, many resources may use <a href="/wiki/URL_redirection" title="URL redirection">URL redirection</a> or DNS pointers to provide mapping between the name spaces. For example, the URLs <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">президент.рф</span></span> (president) redirects to kremlin.ru, and <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">яндекс.рф</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Yandex" title="Yandex">Yandex</a>) redirects to yandex.ru. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second-level_domains">Second-level domains</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Second-level domains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Second-level_domain" title="Second-level domain">second-level domain names</a> are registered directly with user-defined names, such as company names. There are no standardized category names (such as com or org) used on the second level. The second-level domain names are only intended to have Cyrillic characters, but some have Latin characters (e.g., <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">сгау.рф</span></span>), or digits instead (e.g., <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;">555509.рф</span></span>) For the third-level names, it is fairly common that "www" (Latin characters) are used, but most main company addresses do not use any third-level name. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.ru" title=".ru">.ru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.su" title=".su">.su</a> domain (permits registration in Cyrillic)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.eu" title=".eu">.eu</a> domain (permits registration in Cyrillic)</li> <li><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D0%B1%D0%B3" title=".бг">.бг</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Kazakh-language text"><span lang="kk" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7" title=".қаз">.қаз</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Macedonian-language text"><span lang="mk" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B4" title=".мкд">.мкд</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Serbian-language text"><span lang="sr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B1" title=".срб">.срб</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80" title=".укр">.укр</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punycode" title="Punycode">Punycode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_Center_of_Internet" title="Technical Center of Internet">Technical Center of Internet</a></li> <li><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/.%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title=".рус">.рус</a></span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160527033117/http://stat.nic.ru/en_ru/2014/08/19/titul-20140819.shtml">"nic.ru (Russian ccTLD Registry) domain count"</a>. nic.ru. 19 August 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stat.nic.ru/en_ru/2014/08/19/titul-20140819.shtml">the original</a> on 27 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=nic.ru+%28Russian+ccTLD+Registry%29+domain+count&rft.pub=nic.ru&rft.date=2014-08-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstat.nic.ru%2Fen_ru%2F2014%2F08%2F19%2Ftitul-20140819.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RBC_2007-12-25-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RBC_2007-12-25_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RBC_2007-12-25_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RBC_2007-12-25_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RBC_2007-12-25_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309031938/http://top.rbc.ru/society/25/12/2007/131437.shtml">"появится в Сети в 2008 году"</a> [Cyrillic domain ".рф" will be introduced in 2008] (in Russian). RBC Informations Systems. 25 December 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://top.rbc.ru/society/25/12/2007/131437.shtml">the original</a> on 9 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B2+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%B2+2008+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83&rft.pub=RBC+Informations+Systems&rft.date=2007-12-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftop.rbc.ru%2Fsociety%2F25%2F12%2F2007%2F131437.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rferl.org-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rferl.org_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rferl.org_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRfe/Rl" class="citation news cs1">Rfe/Rl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rferl.org/content/Cyrillic_Domain_Names_Become_Operational_On_The_Internet/2041131.html">"Cyrillic Domain Names Become Operational on the Internet"</a>. <i>Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty</i>. Rferl.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120102115807/http://www.rferl.org/content/Cyrillic_Domain_Names_Become_Operational_On_The_Internet/2041131.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiofreeeurope%2FRadioliberty&rft.atitle=Cyrillic+Domain+Names+Become+Operational+on+the+Internet&rft.au=Rfe%2FRl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fcontent%2FCyrillic_Domain_Names_Become_Operational_On_The_Internet%2F2041131.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141210151244/http://www.eurid.eu/files/publ/IDNWorldReport2014_Interactive.pdf">"World report on Internationalised Domain Names 2014"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Eurid. 2014. p. 94. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurid.eu/files/publ/IDNWorldReport2014_Interactive.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 10 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+report+on+Internationalised+Domain+Names+2014&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=Eurid&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurid.eu%2Ffiles%2Fpubl%2FIDNWorldReport2014_Interactive.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GNSO_22_June_2008-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GNSO_22_June_2008_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080417063308/http://idn.wat.ch/wiki/index.php?title=IDN_ccTLD_Discussion#General_Remarks">"Remarks General remarks on Cyrillic IDNs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ICANN" title="ICANN">ICANN</a> Generic Names Supporting Organization wiki. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://idn.wat.ch/wiki/index.php?title=IDN_ccTLD_Discussion#General">the original</a> on 17 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remarks+General+remarks+on+Cyrillic+IDNs&rft.pub=ICANN+Generic+Names+Supporting+Organization+wiki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fidn.wat.ch%2Fwiki%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DIDN_ccTLD_Discussion%23General&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-internet_control-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-internet_control_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKnight2008" class="citation news cs1">Knight, Gavin (3 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/jan/03/internet.censorship">"Kremlin eyes internet control..."</a> <i>The Guardian</i>. London. Technology Guardian section, p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130901103308/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/jan/03/internet.censorship">Archived</a> from the original on 1 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2010</span>. <q>The problem for Russia is that its top-level domain - with the ASCII suffix .ru - translates into Cyrillic as .py, the domain name of Paraguay. That could pose security problems for Russian users.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Kremlin+eyes+internet+control...&rft.pages=Technology+Guardian+section%2C+p.+6&rft.date=2008-01-03&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2008%2Fjan%2F03%2Finternet.censorship&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ccTLD_2007-12-24-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ccTLD_2007-12-24_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071231024602/http://www.cctld.ru/ru/news/index.php?id20=114">"Пресс-конференция «Итоги развития российского национального домена RU в 2007 году»"</a> [Press conference: The outcome of the development of the Russian national domain RU in 2007]. <a href="/wiki/CcTLD" class="mw-redirect" title="CcTLD">ccTLD</a>. 24 December 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cctld.ru/ru/news/index.php?id20=114">the original</a> on 31 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%C2%AB%D0%98%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0+RU+%D0%B2+2007+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%C2%BB&rft.pub=ccTLD&rft.date=2007-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cctld.ru%2Fru%2Fnews%2Findex.php%3Fid20%3D114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074019/http://nic.ru/news/en/2009/start_prior_rf.html">"РФ Domains Sunrise Registration Launched"</a>. Nic.ru. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nic.ru/news/en/2009/start_prior_rf.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%A4+Domains+Sunrise+Registration+Launched&rft.pub=Nic.ru&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnic.ru%2Fnews%2Fen%2F2009%2Fstart_prior_rf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://icann.org/en/announcements/announcement-21jan10-en.htm">"First IDN ccTLDs Requests Successfully Pass String Evaluation"</a>. ICANN. 21 January 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100124073406/http://www.icann.org/en/announcements/announcement-21jan10-en.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=First+IDN+ccTLDs+Requests+Successfully+Pass+String+Evaluation&rft.pub=ICANN&rft.date=2010-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ficann.org%2Fen%2Fannouncements%2Fannouncement-21jan10-en.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RBC_2010-05-13-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RBC_2010-05-13_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130620004117/http://top.rbc.ru/society/13/05/2010/406179.shtml">"Этой ночью в Интернете запущен первый кириллический домен ".рф"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> [The first Cyrillic ".рф" domain is launched on the Internet this night] (in Russian). 13 May 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://top.rbc.ru/society/13/05/2010/406179.shtml">the original</a> on 20 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8E+%D0%B2+%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD+%22.%D1%80%D1%84%22&rft.date=2010-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftop.rbc.ru%2Fsociety%2F13%2F05%2F2010%2F406179.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A.%D1%80%D1%84" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%80%D1%84&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CcTLD" title="Template:CcTLD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CcTLD" title="Template talk:CcTLD"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CcTLD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CcTLD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Country_code_top-level_domains289" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Country code top-level domains</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="ISO_3166-1289" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2" title="ISO 3166-1 alpha-2">ISO 3166-1</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><b>A</b> <a href="/wiki/.ac" title=".ac">.ac</a> <a href="/wiki/.ad" title=".ad">.ad</a> <a href="/wiki/.ae" title=".ae">.ae</a> <a href="/wiki/.af" title=".af">.af</a> <a href="/wiki/.ag" title=".ag">.ag</a> <a href="/wiki/.ai" title=".ai">.ai</a> <a href="/wiki/.al" title=".al">.al</a> <a href="/wiki/.am" title=".am">.am</a> <a href="/wiki/.ao" title=".ao">.ao</a> <a href="/wiki/.aq" title=".aq">.aq</a> <a href="/wiki/.ar" title=".ar">.ar</a> <a href="/wiki/.as" title=".as">.as</a> <a href="/wiki/.at" title=".at">.at</a> <a href="/wiki/.au" title=".au">.au</a> <a href="/wiki/.aw" title=".aw">.aw</a> <a href="/wiki/.ax" title=".ax">.ax</a> <a href="/wiki/.az" title=".az">.az</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>B</b> <a href="/wiki/.ba" title=".ba">.ba</a> <a href="/wiki/.bb" title=".bb">.bb</a> <a href="/wiki/.bd" title=".bd">.bd</a> <a href="/wiki/.be" title=".be">.be</a> <a href="/wiki/.bf" title=".bf">.bf</a> <a href="/wiki/.bg" title=".bg">.bg</a> <a href="/wiki/.bh" title=".bh">.bh</a> <a href="/wiki/.bi" title=".bi">.bi</a> <a href="/wiki/.bj" title=".bj">.bj</a> <a href="/wiki/.bm" title=".bm">.bm</a> <a href="/wiki/.bn" title=".bn">.bn</a> <a href="/wiki/.bo" title=".bo">.bo</a> <a href="/wiki/.br" title=".br">.br</a> <a href="/wiki/.bs" title=".bs">.bs</a> <a href="/wiki/.bt" title=".bt">.bt</a> <a href="/wiki/.bw" title=".bw">.bw</a> <a href="/wiki/.by" title=".by">.by</a> <a href="/wiki/.bz" title=".bz">.bz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>C</b> <a href="/wiki/.ca" title=".ca">.ca</a> <a href="/wiki/.cc" title=".cc">.cc</a> <a href="/wiki/.cd" title=".cd">.cd</a> <a href="/wiki/.cf" title=".cf">.cf</a> <a href="/wiki/.cg" title=".cg">.cg</a> <a href="/wiki/.ch" title=".ch">.ch</a> <a href="/wiki/.ci" title=".ci">.ci</a> <a href="/wiki/.ck" title=".ck">.ck</a> <a href="/wiki/.cl" title=".cl">.cl</a> <a href="/wiki/.cm" title=".cm">.cm</a> <a href="/wiki/.cn" title=".cn">.cn</a> <a href="/wiki/.co" title=".co">.co</a> <a href="/wiki/.cr" title=".cr">.cr</a> <a href="/wiki/.cu" title=".cu">.cu</a> <a href="/wiki/.cv" title=".cv">.cv</a> <a href="/wiki/.cw" title=".cw">.cw</a> <a href="/wiki/.cx" title=".cx">.cx</a> <a href="/wiki/.cy" title=".cy">.cy</a> <a href="/wiki/.cz" title=".cz">.cz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>D</b> <a href="/wiki/.de" title=".de">.de</a> <a href="/wiki/.dj" title=".dj">.dj</a> <a href="/wiki/.dk" title=".dk">.dk</a> <a href="/wiki/.dm" title=".dm">.dm</a> <a href="/wiki/.do" title=".do">.do</a> <a href="/wiki/.dz" title=".dz">.dz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>E</b> <a href="/wiki/.ec" title=".ec">.ec</a> <a href="/wiki/.ee" title=".ee">.ee</a> <a href="/wiki/.eg" title=".eg">.eg</a> <a href="/wiki/.er" title=".er">.er</a> <a href="/wiki/.es" title=".es">.es</a> <a href="/wiki/.et" title=".et">.et</a> <a href="/wiki/.eu" title=".eu">.eu</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>F</b> <a href="/wiki/.fi" title=".fi">.fi</a> <a href="/wiki/.fj" title=".fj">.fj</a> <a href="/wiki/.fk" title=".fk">.fk</a> <a href="/wiki/.fm" title=".fm">.fm</a> <a href="/wiki/.fo" title=".fo">.fo</a> <a href="/wiki/.fr" title=".fr">.fr</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>G</b> <a href="/wiki/.ga" title=".ga">.ga</a> <a href="/wiki/.gd" title=".gd">.gd</a> <a href="/wiki/.ge" title=".ge">.ge</a> <a href="/wiki/.gf" title=".gf">.gf</a> <a href="/wiki/.gg" title=".gg">.gg</a> <a href="/wiki/.gh" title=".gh">.gh</a> <a href="/wiki/.gi" title=".gi">.gi</a> <a href="/wiki/.gl" title=".gl">.gl</a> <a href="/wiki/.gm" title=".gm">.gm</a> <a href="/wiki/.gn" title=".gn">.gn</a> <a href="/wiki/.gp" title=".gp">.gp</a> <a href="/wiki/.gq" title=".gq">.gq</a> <a href="/wiki/.gr" title=".gr">.gr</a> <a href="/wiki/.gs" title=".gs">.gs</a> <a href="/wiki/.gt" title=".gt">.gt</a> <a href="/wiki/.gu" title=".gu">.gu</a> <a href="/wiki/.gw" title=".gw">.gw</a> <a href="/wiki/.gy" title=".gy">.gy</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>H</b> <a href="/wiki/.hk" title=".hk">.hk</a> <a href="/wiki/.hm" title=".hm">.hm</a> <a href="/wiki/.hn" title=".hn">.hn</a> <a href="/wiki/.hr" title=".hr">.hr</a> <a href="/wiki/.ht" title=".ht">.ht</a> <a href="/wiki/.hu" title=".hu">.hu</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>I</b> <a href="/wiki/.id" title=".id">.id</a> <a href="/wiki/.ie" title=".ie">.ie</a> <a href="/wiki/.il" title=".il">.il</a> <a href="/wiki/.im" title=".im">.im</a> <a href="/wiki/.in" title=".in">.in</a> <a href="/wiki/.io" title=".io">.io</a> <a href="/wiki/.iq" title=".iq">.iq</a> <a href="/wiki/.ir" title=".ir">.ir</a> <a href="/wiki/.is" title=".is">.is</a> <a href="/wiki/.it" title=".it">.it</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>J</b> <a href="/wiki/.je" title=".je">.je</a> <a href="/wiki/.jm" title=".jm">.jm</a> <a href="/wiki/.jo" title=".jo">.jo</a> <a href="/wiki/.jp" title=".jp">.jp</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>K</b> <a href="/wiki/.ke" title=".ke">.ke</a> <a href="/wiki/.kg" title=".kg">.kg</a> <a href="/wiki/.kh" title=".kh">.kh</a> <a href="/wiki/.ki" title=".ki">.ki</a> <a href="/wiki/.km" title=".km">.km</a> <a href="/wiki/.kn" title=".kn">.kn</a> <a href="/wiki/.kp" title=".kp">.kp</a> <a href="/wiki/.kr" title=".kr">.kr</a> <a href="/wiki/.kw" title=".kw">.kw</a> <a href="/wiki/.ky" title=".ky">.ky</a> <a href="/wiki/.kz" title=".kz">.kz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>L</b> <a href="/wiki/.la" title=".la">.la</a> <a href="/wiki/.lb" title=".lb">.lb</a> <a href="/wiki/.lc" title=".lc">.lc</a> <a href="/wiki/.li" title=".li">.li</a> <a href="/wiki/.lk" title=".lk">.lk</a> <a href="/wiki/.lr" title=".lr">.lr</a> <a href="/wiki/.ls" title=".ls">.ls</a> <a href="/wiki/.lt" title=".lt">.lt</a> <a href="/wiki/.lu" title=".lu">.lu</a> <a href="/wiki/.lv" title=".lv">.lv</a> <a href="/wiki/.ly" title=".ly">.ly</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>M</b> <a href="/wiki/.ma" title=".ma">.ma</a> <a href="/wiki/.mc" title=".mc">.mc</a> <a href="/wiki/.md" title=".md">.md</a> <a href="/wiki/.me" title=".me">.me</a> <a href="/wiki/.mg" title=".mg">.mg</a> <a href="/wiki/.mh" title=".mh">.mh</a> <a href="/wiki/.mk" title=".mk">.mk</a> <a href="/wiki/.ml" title=".ml">.ml</a> <a href="/wiki/.mm" title=".mm">.mm</a> <a href="/wiki/.mn" title=".mn">.mn</a> <a href="/wiki/.mo" title=".mo">.mo</a> <a href="/wiki/.mp" title=".mp">.mp</a> <a href="/wiki/.mq" title=".mq">.mq</a> <a href="/wiki/.mr" title=".mr">.mr</a> <a href="/wiki/.ms" title=".ms">.ms</a> <a href="/wiki/.mt" title=".mt">.mt</a> <a href="/wiki/.mu" title=".mu">.mu</a> <a href="/wiki/.mv" title=".mv">.mv</a> <a href="/wiki/.mw" title=".mw">.mw</a> <a href="/wiki/.mx" title=".mx">.mx</a> <a href="/wiki/.my" title=".my">.my</a> <a href="/wiki/.mz" title=".mz">.mz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>N</b> <a href="/wiki/.na" title=".na">.na</a> <a href="/wiki/.nc" title=".nc">.nc</a> <a href="/wiki/.ne" title=".ne">.ne</a> <a href="/wiki/.nf" title=".nf">.nf</a> <a href="/wiki/.ng" title=".ng">.ng</a> <a href="/wiki/.ni" title=".ni">.ni</a> <a href="/wiki/.nl" title=".nl">.nl</a> <a href="/wiki/.no" title=".no">.no</a> <a href="/wiki/.np" title=".np">.np</a> <a href="/wiki/.nr" title=".nr">.nr</a> <a href="/wiki/.nu" title=".nu">.nu</a> <a href="/wiki/.nz" title=".nz">.nz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>O</b> <a href="/wiki/.om" title=".om">.om</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>P</b> <a href="/wiki/.pa" title=".pa">.pa</a> <a href="/wiki/.pe" title=".pe">.pe</a> <a href="/wiki/.pf" title=".pf">.pf</a> <a href="/wiki/.pg" title=".pg">.pg</a> <a href="/wiki/.ph" title=".ph">.ph</a> <a href="/wiki/.pk" title=".pk">.pk</a> <a href="/wiki/.pl" title=".pl">.pl</a> <a href="/wiki/.pm" title=".pm">.pm</a> <a href="/wiki/.pn" title=".pn">.pn</a> <a href="/wiki/.pr" title=".pr">.pr</a> <a href="/wiki/.ps" title=".ps">.ps</a> <a href="/wiki/.pt" title=".pt">.pt</a> <a href="/wiki/.pw" title=".pw">.pw</a> <a href="/wiki/.py" title=".py">.py</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>Q</b> <a href="/wiki/.qa" title=".qa">.qa</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>R</b> <a href="/wiki/.re" title=".re">.re</a> <a href="/wiki/.ro" title=".ro">.ro</a> <a href="/wiki/.rs" title=".rs">.rs</a> <a href="/wiki/.ru" title=".ru">.ru</a> <a href="/wiki/.rw" title=".rw">.rw</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>S</b> <a href="/wiki/.sa" title=".sa">.sa</a> <a href="/wiki/.sb" title=".sb">.sb</a> <a href="/wiki/.sc" title=".sc">.sc</a> <a href="/wiki/.sd" title=".sd">.sd</a> <a href="/wiki/.se" title=".se">.se</a> <a href="/wiki/.sg" title=".sg">.sg</a> <a href="/wiki/.sh" title=".sh">.sh</a> <a href="/wiki/.si" title=".si">.si</a> <a href="/wiki/.sk" title=".sk">.sk</a> <a href="/wiki/.sl" title=".sl">.sl</a> <a href="/wiki/.sm" title=".sm">.sm</a> <a href="/wiki/.sn" title=".sn">.sn</a> <a href="/wiki/.so" title=".so">.so</a> <a href="/wiki/.sr" title=".sr">.sr</a> <a href="/wiki/.ss" title=".ss">.ss</a> <a href="/wiki/.st" title=".st">.st</a> <a href="/wiki/.su" title=".su">.su</a> <a href="/wiki/.sv" title=".sv">.sv</a> <a href="/wiki/.sx" title=".sx">.sx</a> <a href="/wiki/.sy" title=".sy">.sy</a> <a href="/wiki/.sz" title=".sz">.sz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>T</b> <a href="/wiki/.tc" title=".tc">.tc</a> <a href="/wiki/.td" title=".td">.td</a> <a href="/wiki/.tf" title=".tf">.tf</a> <a href="/wiki/.tg" title=".tg">.tg</a> <a href="/wiki/.th" title=".th">.th</a> <a href="/wiki/.tj" title=".tj">.tj</a> <a href="/wiki/.tk" title=".tk">.tk</a> <a href="/wiki/.tl" title=".tl">.tl</a> <a href="/wiki/.tm" title=".tm">.tm</a> <a href="/wiki/.tn" title=".tn">.tn</a> <a href="/wiki/.to" title=".to">.to</a> <a href="/wiki/.tr" title=".tr">.tr</a> <a href="/wiki/.tt" title=".tt">.tt</a> <a href="/wiki/.tv" title=".tv">.tv</a> <a href="/wiki/.tw" title=".tw">.tw</a> <a href="/wiki/.tz" title=".tz">.tz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>U</b> <a href="/wiki/.ua" title=".ua">.ua</a> <a href="/wiki/.ug" title=".ug">.ug</a> <a href="/wiki/.uk" title=".uk">.uk</a> <a href="/wiki/.us" title=".us">.us</a> <a href="/wiki/.uy" title=".uy">.uy</a> <a href="/wiki/.uz" title=".uz">.uz</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>V</b> <a href="/wiki/.va" title=".va">.va</a> <a href="/wiki/.vc" title=".vc">.vc</a> <a href="/wiki/.ve" title=".ve">.ve</a> <a href="/wiki/.vg" title=".vg">.vg</a> <a href="/wiki/.vi" title=".vi">.vi</a> <a href="/wiki/.vn" title=".vn">.vn</a> <a href="/wiki/.vu" title=".vu">.vu</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>W</b> <a href="/wiki/.wf" title=".wf">.wf</a> <a href="/wiki/.ws" title=".ws">.ws</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>Y</b> <a href="/wiki/.ye" title=".ye">.ye</a> <a href="/wiki/.yt" title=".yt">.yt</a><span class="nowrap">  </span> <b>Z</b> <a href="/wiki/.za" title=".za">.za</a> <a href="/wiki/.zm" title=".zm">.zm</a> <a href="/wiki/.zw" title=".zw">.zw</a> </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Internationalized_(IDN)_ccTLD289" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Internationalized_country_code_top-level_domain" title="Internationalized country code top-level domain">Internationalized (IDN) ccTLD</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic script</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic script</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Brahmic_scripts" title="Brahmic scripts">Brahmic scripts</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">Chinese characters</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Writing_system" title="Writing system">Other scripts</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:left;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.%D0%B1%D0%B3" title=".бг">.бг</a> (<i>bg</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title=".бел">.бел</a> (<i>bieł</i>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%D0%B5%D1%8E" class="mw-redirect" title=".ею">.ею</a> (<i>eyu</i>, <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7" title=".қаз">.қаз</a> (<i>qaz</i>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title=".мон">.мон</a> (<i>mon</i>, <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B4" title=".мкд">.мкд</a> (<i>mkd</i>, <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">.рф</a> (<i>rf</i>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B1" title=".срб">.срб</a> (<i>srb</i>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80" title=".укр">.укр</a> (<i>ukr</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:left;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.dz" title=".dz">الجزائر.</a> (<i>al-Jazā’ir</i>, <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misr_(domain_name)" class="mw-redirect" title="Misr (domain name)">مصر.</a> (<i>Miṣr</i>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">بھارت.</a> (<span title="ISO 233 Arabic (Urdu language) transliteration"><i lang="ur-Latn">Bhārat</i></span>, India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.ir#Persian_domains" title=".ir">ایران.</a> (<i>Irân</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.jo" title=".jo">الاردن.</a> (<i>al-Urdun</i>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.ps" title=".ps">فلسطين.</a> (<i>Filasṭin</i>, <a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.pk#Internationalized_county_codes" title=".pk">پاکستان.</a> (<i>Pākistān</i>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.qa" title=".qa">قطر.</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Qa%E1%B9%ADar" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaṭar">Qaṭar</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlSaudiah" title="AlSaudiah">السعودية.</a> (<i>al-Saudiah</i>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains#Internationalized_country_code_top-level_domains" title="List of Internet top-level domains">سوريا.</a> (<i>Sūryā</i>, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains#Internationalized_country_code_top-level_domains" title="List of Internet top-level domains">تونس.</a> (<i>Tunis</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emarat" title="Emarat">امارات.</a> (<i>Emarat</i>, <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">UAE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86." class="mw-redirect" title="عمان.">عمان.</a> (<i>ʻUmān</i>, <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7." class="mw-redirect" title="مليسيا.">مليسيا.</a> (<i>Maleesya</i>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8." class="mw-redirect" title="المغرب.">المغرب.</a> (<i>al-Maġrib</i>, <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86." class="mw-redirect" title="سودان.">سودان.</a> (<i>Sūdān</i>, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86." class="mw-redirect" title="اليمن.">اليمن.</a> (<i>al-Yaman</i>, <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:left;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" class="mw-redirect" title=".বাংলা">.বাংলা</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Bengali language) transliteration"><i lang="bn-Latn">Bāṅla</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">.ভাৰত</a> (<span title="ISO transliteration"><i lang="as-Latn">Bhārat</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">.ভারত</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Bengali language) transliteration"><i lang="bn-Latn">Bhārat</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">.भारत</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Hindi language) transliteration"><i lang="hi-Latn">Bhārat</i></span>, India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">.భారత్</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Telugu language) transliteration"><i lang="te-Latn">Bhārat</i></span>, India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">.ભારત</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Gujarati language) transliteration"><i lang="gu-Latn">Bhārat</i></span>, India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">.ਭਾਰਤ</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Punjabi language) transliteration"><i lang="pa-Latn">Bhārat</i></span>, India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">.ଭାରତ</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Odia language) transliteration"><i lang="or-Latn">Bhārata</i></span>, India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.in#Internationalized_domain_names_and_country_codes" title=".in">.இந்தியா</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Tamil language) transliteration"><i lang="ta-Latn">Indiyā</i></span>, India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.la" title=".la">.ລາວ</a> (<i>Lao</i>, <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.sg" title=".sg">.சிங்கப்பூர்</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Tamil language) transliteration"><i lang="ta-Latn">Cinkappūr</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.lk#Internationalized_top-level_domains" title=".lk">.ලංකා</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Sinhala language) transliteration"><i lang="si-Latn">Laṅkā</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.lk#Internationalized_top-level_domains" title=".lk">.இலங்கை</a> (<span title="ISO 15919 Indic (Tamil language) transliteration"><i lang="ta-Latn">Ilaṅkai</i></span>, Sri Lanka)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.th#Second_top_domain" title=".th">.ไทย</a> (<i>Thai</i>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:left;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans"><a href="/wiki/.cn#Internationalized_domain_names" title=".cn">.中国</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified Chinese">simplified Chinese</a>)</li> <li><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant"><a href="/wiki/.cn#Internationalized_domain_names" title=".cn">.中國</a></span></span> (China, in <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional Chinese">traditional Chinese</a>)</li> <li><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant"><a href="/wiki/.hk" title=".hk">.香港</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>)</li> <li><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant"><a href="/wiki/.mo" title=".mo">.澳門</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>, trad.)</li> <li><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="/wiki/.mo" title=".mo">.澳门</a></span></span> (Macau, simp.)</li> <li><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="/wiki/.sg" title=".sg">.新加坡</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>)</li> <li><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="/wiki/.tw" title=".tw">.台灣</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, trad.)</li> <li><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="/wiki/.tw" title=".tw">.台湾</a></span></span> (Taiwan, simp.)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:left;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B5" title=".հայ">.հայ</a> (<i>hay</i>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%CE%B5%CF%85" class="mw-redirect" title=".ευ">.ευ</a> (<i>ey</i>, <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.ge" title=".ge">.გე</a> (<i>ge</i>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.gr" title=".gr">.ελ</a> (<i>el</i>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/.kr" title=".kr">.한국</a> (<i>Han-guk</i>, <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C." class="mw-redirect" title="ישראל.">ישראל.</a> (<i>Yisrael</i>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Proposed_ccTLDs289" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Proposed_top-level_domain#Internationalized_country_code_top-level_domains" title="Proposed top-level domain">Proposed ccTLDs</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;width:20em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/.cy" title=".cy">.κπ</a> (<i>kp</i>, <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>) - <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="/wiki/.jp" title=".jp">.日本</a></span></span> (<i>Nippon</i>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>) </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Others289" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Others</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;font-weight:normal;">Reserved / unassigned</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;font-weight:normal;">Allocated / unused</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;font-weight:normal;">Phased out / deleted</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/.bl" title=".bl">.bl</a> <a href="/wiki/.bq" title=".bq">.bq</a> <a href="/wiki/.eh" title=".eh">.eh</a> <a href="/wiki/.mf" title=".mf">.mf</a> <a href="/wiki/.su" title=".su">.su</a> <a href="/wiki/.xk" title=".xk">.xk</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/.bv" title=".bv">.bv</a> <a href="/wiki/.gb" title=".gb">.gb</a> <a href="/wiki/.sj" title=".sj">.sj</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/.an" title=".an">.an</a> <a href="/wiki/.mm" title=".mm">.bu</a> <a href="/wiki/.cs" title=".cs">.cs</a> <a href="/wiki/.dd" title=".dd">.dd</a> <a href="/wiki/.tp" title=".tp">.tp</a> <a href="/wiki/.um" title=".um">.um</a> <a href="/wiki/.yu" title=".yu">.yu</a> <a href="/wiki/.zr" class="mw-redirect" title=".zr">.zr</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Generic_top-level_domain" title="Generic top-level domain">Generic top-level domains</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=.рф&oldid=1281748781">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=.рф&oldid=1281748781</a>"</div></div> <div 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