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<div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Kimbundu" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Kimbundu" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Kimbundu" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Kimbundu" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geolingüística_i_etnolingüística" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geolingüística_i_etnolingüística"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geolingüística i etnolingüística</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geolingüística_i_etnolingüística-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Llengua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Llengua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Llengua</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Llengua-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Llengua</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Llengua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Família_lingüística" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Família_lingüística"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Família lingüística</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Família_lingüística-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dialectes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialectes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dialectes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialectes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Escriptura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Escriptura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Escriptura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Escriptura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vocabulari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vocabulari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Vocabulari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vocabulari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sociolingüística,_estatus_i_ús_de_la_llengua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sociolingüística,_estatus_i_ús_de_la_llengua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sociolingüística, estatus i ús de la llengua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sociolingüística,_estatus_i_ús_de_la_llengua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kimbundu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 29 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbunda_lingvo" title="Kimbunda lingvo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kimbunda lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinbundu" title="Kinbundu - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kinbundu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuurd_Mbundu_(Spriik)" title="Nuurd Mbundu (Spriik) - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nuurd Mbundu (Spriik)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_kimbundu" title="Lingua kimbundu - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu%C3%B1e%E2%80%99%E1%BA%BD" title="Kimbunduñe’ẽ - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kimbunduñe’ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu_bhasa" title="Kimbundu bhasa - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Kimbundu bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E8%AA%9E" title="キンブンド語 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キンブンド語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_kimbondo" title="Fiteny kimbondo - malgaix" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny kimbondo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_mbundu" title="Język mbundu - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język mbundu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Mbundu" title="Lenga Mbundu - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Mbundu" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_quimbundo" title="Língua quimbundo - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua quimbundo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Северный мбунду - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Северный мбунду" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%94" title="කිම්බුන්ඩු - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කිම්බුන්ඩු" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kimbundu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Північна мбунду - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Північна мбунду" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A7%86%E6%9C%AC%E6%9D%9C%E8%AF%AD" title="姆本杜语 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="姆本杜语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q35891#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussi%C3%B3:Kimbundu" rel="discussion" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d'aquesta pàgina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kimbundu"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kimbundu"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Kimbundu" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Kimbundu" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&oldid=33811731" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&page=Kimbundu&id=33811731&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKimbundu"><span>Obtén una URL 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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;background-color:Moccasin;"><span style="float:left; margin-left: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Infotaula de llengua"><img alt="Infotaula de llengua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/20px-Octicons-comment.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/30px-Octicons-comment.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/40px-Octicons-comment.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="1024" /></span></span></span>Kimbundu</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Altres noms</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Dongo</b>, <b>Kimbundo</b>, <b>kindongo</b>, <b>loanda mbundu</b>, <b>loande</b>, <b>luanda</b>, <b>lunda</b>, <b>mbundu</b>, n'bundo, <b>ndongo</b> o <b>mbundu septentrional</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Idioma" title="Idioma">llengua</a> i <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1288568" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1288568">llengua viva</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35891?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Ús</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Parlants</th><td class="infobox-data">4.000.000 (2012, ethnologue)<sup id="cite_ref-ethnologue1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnologue1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o 4.498.000 (joshuaproject) <sup id="cite_ref-joshuaproject1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joshuaproject1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Autòcton de</th><td class="infobox-data">nord-oest d'Angola, a la província de <a href="/wiki/Luanda_(Prov%C3%ADncia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luanda (Província)">Luanda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Estat</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Democr%C3%A0tica_del_Congo" title="República Democràtica del Congo">República Democràtica del Congo</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><div style="font-size:90%;"></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Classificació lingüística</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20162172" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q20162172">llengua humana</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_nigerocongoleses" title="Llengües nigerocongoleses">llengües nigerocongoleses</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_congoatl%C3%A0ntiques" title="Llengües congoatlàntiques">llengües congoatlàntiques</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_volta-congoleses" title="Llengües volta-congoleses">llengües volta-congoleses</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_Benu%C3%A9-Congo" title="Llengües Benué-Congo">llengües Benué-Congo</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_bantoides" title="Llengües bantoides">llengües bantoides</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_bantoides_meridionals" title="Llengües bantoides meridionals">llengües bantoides meridionals</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_bantus" title="Llengües bantus">llengües bantus</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q116487147" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q116487147">llengües bantu centre-occidentals</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q116527040" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q116527040">llengües njila</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_kimbundus" title="Llengües kimbundus">llengües kimbundus</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35891?uselang=ca#P279" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Característiques</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee"><a href="/wiki/Escriptura" title="Escriptura">Sistema d'escriptura</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_llat%C3%AD" title="Alfabet llatí">alfabet llatí</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35891?uselang=ca#P282" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Codis</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">ISO 639-2</th><td class="infobox-data">kmb <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35891?uselang=ca#P219" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">ISO 639-3</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=kmb">kmb</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35891?uselang=ca#P220" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">SIL</th><td class="infobox-data">kmb</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Glottolog</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/kimb1241">kimb1241</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35891?uselang=ca#P1394" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Ethnologue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/language/kmb">kmb</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35891?uselang=ca#P1627" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">IETF</th><td class="infobox-data">kmb <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35891?uselang=ca#P305" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>El <b>kimbundu</b> (o <b>mbundu septentrional</b> o <b>luanda</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-ethnologue1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnologue1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> és la llengua que parlen els <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbundus_kimbundus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbundus kimbundus (encara no existeix)">mbundus kimbundus</a> (o mbundus septentrionals) a la província de <a href="/wiki/Luanda_(Prov%C3%ADncia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luanda (Província)">Luanda</a>, al nord-oest d'<a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a>. També hi ha parlants de kimbundu a la <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Democr%C3%A0tica_del_Congo" title="República Democràtica del Congo">República Democràtica del Congo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-joshuaproject1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joshuaproject1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El seu codi ISO 639-3 és <b>kmb</b>, el seu codi al glottolog és <b>kimb1241</b> i el seu codi Guthrie és <b>H.21</b>. És la segona llengua <a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_bantus" title="Llengües bantus">bantu</a> més parlada a Angola, sobretot a les províncies de Luanda, de <a href="/wiki/Bengo_(Angola)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengo (Angola)">Bengo (Angola)</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Malanje" title="Malanje">Malanje</a> i de <a href="/wiki/Kwanza-Nord" title="Kwanza-Nord">Kwanza-Nord</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A zones de la província de Malanje, els mbundus assimilats al <a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%A8s" title="Portuguès">portuguès</a> han produït una nova llengua barrejant els dos idiomes anomenat <a href="/wiki/Ambaca" title="Ambaca">ambaca</a>, els parlants de la qual es diuen ambaquistes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geolingüística_i_etnolingüística"><span id="Geoling.C3.BC.C3.ADstica_i_etnoling.C3.BC.C3.ADstica"></span>Geolingüística i etnolingüística</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Geolingüística i etnolingüística"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A Angola hi ha 4.477.000 mbundus que parlen el kimbundu al nord-oest del país, al voltant de la província de Luanda. A la República Democràtica del Congo hi ha 21.000 mbundus septentrionals que parlen el kimbundu.<sup id="cite_ref-joshuaproject1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joshuaproject1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Llengua">Llengua</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Llengua"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Família_lingüística"><span id="Fam.C3.ADlia_ling.C3.BC.C3.ADstica"></span>Família lingüística</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Família lingüística"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El kimbundu, segons l'ethnologue, és una <a href="/wiki/Llengua_bantu" class="mw-redirect" title="Llengua bantu">llengua bantu</a> central del grup H (H.21) que forma part del subgrup de les <a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_kimbundus" title="Llengües kimbundus">llengües kimbundus</a>, juntament amb el <a href="/wiki/Sama_(llengua_d%27Angola)" title="Sama (llengua d'Angola)">sama</a>, el <a href="/wiki/Bolo" title="Bolo">bolo</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Songo" title="Songo">songo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En el glottolog apareix com una de les llengües kimbundus, que són llengües bantus central-occidentals, juntament amb aquestres mateixes tres llengües.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dialectes">Dialectes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Dialectes"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'ambaca (o ambaquista), el mbamba (o bambeiro, o kimbamba), el ngola, el njinga (o ginga, o jinga) són dialectes del kimbundu. el mbamba es considera a vegades com una llengua separada.<sup id="cite_ref-ethnologue1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnologue1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Escriptura">Escriptura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Escriptura"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'escriptura en kimbundu fou desenvolupada per <a href="/wiki/Missioners" class="mw-redirect" title="Missioners">missioners</a> <a href="/wiki/Frare_caputx%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Frare caputxí">caputxins</a> i <a href="/wiki/Jesu%C3%AFtes" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuïtes">jesuïtes</a>. Quan van fer la majoria dels texts i gramàtiques, la van simplificar massa. Els efectes desafortunats d'aquesta sobresimplificació encara es poden veure en l'actualitat quan, des de la independència del país, es van elaborar ortografies i gramàtiques de la majoria de les llengües d'Angola i quan moltes d'aquestes foren reconegudes com a llengües nacionals. </p><p>El kimbundu utilitza una ortografia relativament superficial estandarditzada durant el govern del <a href="/wiki/MPLA" class="mw-redirect" title="MPLA">MPLA</a> perquè s'utilitzés en totes les "llengües nacionals". Existeixen diferències importants entre l'ortografia basada en el <a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%A8s" title="Portuguès">portuguès</a> que utilitzaven els colonitzadors, s'hi ometé la consonant "r" i es va canviar l'ortografia de les vocals (no eren permesos els diftongs i les vocals solien ser canviades per la "w" i la "y". </p><p>El kimbundu té 5 vocals (a, e, i, o, u), i la "u" també és utilitzada com semivocal. Hi ha algunes consonants que són representades per dues lletres, com la "mb" (<i>mbambi</i> - gasela) o la "nj" (<i>njila</i> - ocell). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vocabulari">Vocabulari</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Vocabulari"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>muthu</i>, "persona",</li> <li><i>kima</i>, "cosa";</li> <li><i>kudya</i>, "menjar";</li> <li><i>tubya</i>, "foc";</li> <li><i>lumbu</i>, "pared"</li> <li><i>kamba</i>, "amic"</li> <li><i>hoji</i>, "lleó"</li> <li><i>nzamba</i>, "elefant"</li> <li>malembe, "lentament" (?)</li></ul> <p>En el kimbundu hi ha lèxic que prové de les <a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_rom%C3%A0niques" title="Llengües romàniques">llengües romàniques</a> com el portuguès (<i>banjo</i>, <i>bwe</i>, <i>baza</i>, <i>kuatu</i>, <i>kamba</i>, <i>arimo</i>, <i>quilombo</i>, <i>mleke</i>, <i>quimbanda</i>, <i>tanga</i>, <i>xinga</i>, <i>bunda</i>, ...). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sociolingüística,_estatus_i_ús_de_la_llengua"><span id="Socioling.C3.BC.C3.ADstica.2C_estatus_i_.C3.BAs_de_la_llengua"></span>Sociolingüística, estatus i ús de la llengua</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Sociolingüística, estatus i ús de la llengua"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El kimbundu és una llengua de gran ús en la comunicació (EGIDS 3). És utilitzada en els llocs de treball, en els mitjans de comunicació de masses encara que no tingui un estatus oficial superior a altres llengües de la regió. Tot i això, s'utilitza tant per part de les institucions com per part de la comunitat i de llenguatge en la llar.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El 1980 s'hi va traduir la <a href="/wiki/B%C3%ADblia" title="Bíblia">Bíblia</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i s'escriu en <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_llat%C3%AD" title="Alfabet llatí">alfabet llatí</a>. La majoria dels mbundus septentrionals també parlen el bolo i els <a href="/wiki/Bolos" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolos">bolos</a> utilitzen el kimbundu com a segona llengua.<sup id="cite_ref-ethnologue1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnologue1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ethnologue1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue1_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue1_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue1_1-2">1,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue1_1-3">1,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/language/kmb">Kimbundu</a>».  ethnologue. [Consulta: 21 gener 2015].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-joshuaproject1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-joshuaproject1_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-joshuaproject1_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-joshuaproject1_2-2">2,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://joshuaproject.net/languages/kmb">Language: Kimbundu</a>».  joshuaproject. [Consulta: 21 gener 2015].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160706042231/http://www.nalrc.indiana.edu/brochures/kimbundu.pdf">Kimbundu</a>» (en anglès).  National African Language Resource Center. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nalrc.indiana.edu/brochures/kimbundu.pdf">original</a> el 2016-07-06. [Consulta: 21 gener 2015].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/h">H</a>» (en anglès).  ethnologue. [Consulta: 21 gener 2015].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/kimb1241">Language: Kimbundu</a>».  glottolog. [Consulta: 21 gener 2014].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/cloud/kmb">Kimbundu in the Language Cloud</a>» (en anglès).  ethnologue. [Consulta: 21 gener 2015].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldbibles.org/language_detail/eng/kmb/Kimbundu">The Bible in Kimbundu</a>» (en anglès).  worldBibles.org. [Consulta: 21 gener 2015].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs"><span id="Enlla.C3.A7os_externs"></span>Enllaços externs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://es.glosbe.com/kmb/es/">Diccionari castellà-kimbundu</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.multiculturas.com/angolanos/alberto_pinto_kimbundu_intro.htm">Kimbundua a multiculturas.com: ortografia, fonologia, concordances</a> en portuguès</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://misosoafrica.wordpress.com/2012/01/06/el-kimbundu-una-lengua-emblematica-historia-de-angola/">El Kimbundu, una lengua emblemática</a> en castellà</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id=""></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbundu&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la secció: "><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Angola&#124;link=Angola_Llengües_d&#039;Angola" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Lleng%C3%BCes_d%27Angola" title="Plantilla:Llengües d'Angola"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Angola&#124;link=Angola_Llengües_d&#039;Angola" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola"><img alt="Angola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/22px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/33px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/44px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_d%27Angola" title="Llengües d'Angola">Llengües d'Angola</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oficial</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%A8s_d%27Angola" title="Portuguès d'Angola">Portuguès d'Angola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nacionals</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ju" class="mw-redirect" title="Ju">Ju</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kimbundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo,_San_Salvador" title="Kongo, San Salvador">Kongo, San Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/!Kung_(llengua)" title="!Kung (llengua)">!Kung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwadi" title="Kwadi">Kwadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunda_(llengua)" title="Lunda (llengua)">Lunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nganguela" title="Nganguela">Nganguela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshiwambo" title="Oshiwambo">Oshiwambo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwanyama" title="Kwanyama">Kwanyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndonga" class="mw-redirect" title="Ndonga">Ndonga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%A8s_d%27Angola" title="Portuguès d'Angola">Portuguès d'Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbundu" title="Umbundu">Umbundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yauma" title="Yauma">Yauma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nadiues</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolo" title="Bolo">Bolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chokwe" title="Chokwe">Chokwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diriku" title="Diriku">Diriku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holu" title="Holu">Holu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibinda" title="Ibinda">Ibinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kxoe" title="Kxoe">Kxoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laadi" title="Laadi">Kilari</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kimbundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo,_San_Salvador" title="Kongo, San Salvador">Kisikongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koongo" title="Koongo">Koongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung-ekoka" title="Kung-ekoka">Kung-ekoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwadi" title="Kwadi">Kwadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwangali" title="Kwangali">Kwangali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwanyama" title="Kwanyama">Kwanyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingala" title="Lingala">Lingala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucazi" title="Lucazi">Lucazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luimbi" title="Luimbi">Luimbi</a></li> <li><a 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title="Nyemba">Nyemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyengo" title="Nyengo">Nyengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/!O!ung" title="!O!ung">!O!ung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruund" title="Ruund">Ruund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama_(llengua_d%27Angola)" title="Sama (llengua d'Angola)">Sama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songo" title="Songo">Songo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbundu" title="Umbundu">Umbundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaka" title="Yaka">Yaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yauma" title="Yauma">Yauma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yombe" title="Yombe">Yombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zemba" title="Zemba">Zemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwadi" title="Kwadi">Kwadi</a> (extinta)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a 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